精品解析：陕西省西安中学2023-2024学年度第二学期期中考试高一英语试题

西安中学2023-2024学年度第二学期期中考试 高一英语试题 （时间：120分钟 满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回即可。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话对仅读一遍。 1．What does the man like about the play? A．The story. B．The ending. C．The actor. 2．Which place is the speakers trying to find? A．A hotel. B．A bank. C．A restaurant. 3．At what time will the two speakers meet? A．5:20. B．5:10. C．4:40. 4．What will the man do? A．Change the plan. B．Wait for a phone call. C．Sort things out. 5．What does the woman want to do? A．See a film with the man. B．Offer the man some help. C．Listen to some great music. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给出的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6．Where is Ben? A．In the kitchen. B．At school. C．In the park. 7．What will the children do in the afternoon? A．Help set the table. B．Have a party. C．Do their homework. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题 8．What are the two speakers talking about? A．A Family holiday. B．A business trip. C．A travel plan. 9．Where did Rachel go? A．Spain. B．Italy. C．China. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．How did the woman get to know about third-hand smoke? A．From young smokers. B．From a newspaper article. C．From some smoking parents. 11．Why does the man say that he should keep away from babies? A．He has just become a father. B．He wears dirty clothes. C．He is a smoker. 12．What does the woman suggest smoking parents should do? A．Stop smoking altogether. B．Smoke only outside their houses. C．Reduce dangerous matter in cigarettes. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where does Michelle Ray come from? A．A middle-sized city. B．A small town. C．A big city. 14．Which place would Michelle Ray take her visitors to for shopping? A．The Zen Garden. B．The Highlands. C．The Red River area. 15．What does Michelle Ray do for complete quiet? A．Go camping. B．Study in a library. C．Read at home. 16．What are the speakers talking about in general? A．Late-night shopping. B．Asian food. C．Louisville. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Why do some people say they never have dreams according to Dr. Garfield? A．They forget about their dreams. B．They don't want to tell the truth. C．They have no bad experiences. 18．Why did Davis stop having dreams? A．He got a serious heart attack. B．He was too sad about his brother's death. C．He was frightened by a terrible dream. 19．What is Dr. Garfield's opinion about dreaming? A．It is very useful. B．It makes things worse. C．It prevents the mind from working. 20．Why do some people turn off their dreams completely? A．To sleep better. B．To recover from illnesses. C．To stay away from their problems. 第二部分 单项选择（共10小题，每小题0．5分，共5分） 1. The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 2. .Mr Smith, _______ of the ________ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 3. _______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 4. Don’t leave the water_______ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 5. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ________ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said 6. When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A. compare B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared 7. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid 8. He wrote a long moving poem ________ his wife. A. in memory of B. in control of C. in case of D. in charge of 9. A group of boys were ________ fireworks in the street. A. setting out B. setting off C. setting up D. setting down 10. Chinese architecture is an independent art ________ wooden structures. A. featured B. featuring C. is featuring D. was featured 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Exciting Celebrations And Festivals Around The World Vivid Sydney, Australia: A Festival of Light, Music, and Ideas. When: Friday, 26 May 2023 to Saturday, 17 June 2023 Where: Sydney, Australia Age group: All ages, a family-friendly event About: Vivid Sydney is one of the most popular annual events in Sydney. While it is the light installations (装置) shining on the Sydney Opera House and Harbour Bridge that gain the most attention, the festival combines dozens of light installations, music al performances, and ideas to encourage and celebrate creativity. Merrie Monarch Festival, USA When: Sunday, 9 April 2023 to Saturday, 15 April 2023 Age group: All ages, although better for older kids and teens interested in Hawaiian culture About: It includes a 3-day celebration of traditional and modern Hawaiian hula dancing that takes place on the Big Island of Hawaii It’s an intense hula competition with participants (参与者) from all around the world. There are also incredible Hawaiian craft fairs, a parade, and other activities. Parintins Folklore Festival, Brazil When: 24,25, and 26 June 2023 Where: Parintins Town, Amazonas State, Brazil Age group: Kids between 10 years old and older are allowed into the outdoor sports ground. About: It is an important part of Brazilian culture because it celebrates an old local legend (传说) about a lady and an ox. It combines the local legend and culture with modern rhythms and themes from the whole country, which is why it is recognized as a cultural heritage of Brazil. 11. What can you do when attending Vivid Sydney? A. You may gain the most attention. B. You can help with the light installations. C. You have a chance to take part in a hula competition. D. You can enjoy musical performances and shining lights. 12. What do Merrie Monarch Festival and Parintins Folklore Festival have in common? A. They are family-friendly. B. They both last three days. C. They’re both suitable for older children. D. They’re celebrated to promote traditional dances. 13. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An art magazine. B. A tourism website. C. An academic article. D. A geography textbook. B Gahriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil. Later she was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge. Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about is in their own way without checking with her. When she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it was still up for discussion. What Gabriela was experiencing was a culture shock in expectations. Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of “power distance” to describe how power is distributed (分布) in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power is respected. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged. When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership. Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela’s team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom. When she told her team exactly what she needed them to do, they felt that she didn’t trust them to do their job well. With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style. Finally, she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals. 14. What problem did Gabriela have with her Swedish team at the beginning? A. Her Swedish staff didn’t understand her instructions. B. They were always refusing to follow her directions. C. Her authority was challenged by her Swedish staff. D. They looked down upon her because she was a female. 15. What is encouraged in the working culture in Sweden? A. Independent thinking and mild character. B. Competitive spirit and mild character. C. Professional spirit and risk-taking behavior. D. Active participation and creative thinking. 16. Which of the following can best describe Gabriela? A. Bossy and rude. B. Flexible and communicative. C. King but stubborn. D. Strict but trustworthy. 17. What can we learn from Gabriela’s story? A. Two heads are better than one. B. When in Rome, do as Romans do. C. Birds of a feather flock together. D. Don’t judge a book by its cover. C Dragons, a famous imaginary beast born from fantasy, are often present in stories in the west and east. In both cultures, dragons are generally recognized as massive creatures capable of flight. They have great power and are often associated with magical abilities. However, due to their different cultural roots and images, there exist significant differences in the way dragons are regarded in the west and east, particularly in China. Chinese dragons most resemble snakes, and have four claws and no wings. They often have features of other animals, including carp, tigers, and eagles. In contrast, Western dragons look like huge lizards with big claws and large bat-like wings, and are often shown with spines or rough scales. In traditional Chinese culture, a dragon is a symbol of luck, power and high status. They can cause weather changes and bring rainfall to the fields to ensure rich harvests. They are considered divine creatures, which hold an important position as the head of the four spirits. Therefore, to symbolize their power, ancient Chinese emperors decorated their clothes with dragon patterns. These clothes are known as dragon robes. Many Chinese view the dragon as a national symbol, proudly referring to themselves as “descendants of the dragon”. In the west, however, a dragon symbolizes an evil creature that spreads violence and terror throughout the land. They are believed to be transformed by the devil, with the ability to breathe fire or spit poison. Many western tales show dragons being defeated and killed to protect people from danger. Today, dragons continue to evolve, exceeding traditional boundaries and finding new significance in global culture. They are no longer associated with evil or good, but rather as complex characters with their own unique personalities and motivations. For example, Toothless from How to Train Your Dragon begins as a dangerous dragon but evolves into a misunderstood being with love and compassion. This challenges the idea of dragons as naturally evil, presenting them as complex beings with emotions and motivations. 18. What do western dragons and eastern dragons have in common? A. They have rough skin. B. They are huge and powerful. C. They are in the shape of snakes. D. They have big claws and wings. 19. What do we know from paragraph 3? A. Western dragons are a symbol of authority. B. Dragons in China can protect people from danger. C. Chinese dragons can control rainfall and breathe fire. D. Dragons are believed to cause chaos in western culture. 20. What is new about dragons in today’s global culture? A. They are regarded as adventurous creatures. B. They are closely associated with evil or good. C. They have more diverse emotions and personalities. D. They tend to represent human spirits facing challenges. 21. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Dragon Elements in Global Culture B. The Origin of Dragons in Chinese History C. The Magical Animals in Different Countries D. The Images of Dragons in Western Traditions D If you’ve ever spent time on a beach in the Gulf of Mexico or the Caribbean, there is a solid chance you came across a slimy mass of rotten, smelly seaweed. The specific ocean plant during those encounters is likely sargassum (马尾藻) — while helpful for absorbing CO₂, sargassum is also unbelievably harmful. It can seriously damage both shoreline and ocean ecosystems, killing red woods, seagrass and countless ocean animals. Cleanup efforts can cost tens of thousands of dollars while disturbing both tourist and fishing industries, but the AlgaRay project is showing great promise in relieving sargassum stress. In fact, its success has even earned it a place on Time’s Best Inventions of 2023. Off the coasts of Antigua, a roughly 9-foot-wide AlgaRay robot picks up piles of sargassum until its storage container is full, at which point the autonomous robot dives 200 meters below the surface. At this depth, the air pockets that make sargassum leaves so buoyant (有浮力的) are so pressed by the water that it simply can’t float anymore. Once let go by AlgaRay, sargassum then sinks to the ocean floor. The robot can repeat this process between four and six times every hour. And thanks to a combination of solar panels, lithium batteries (锂电池), and navigational tools, AlgaRay will eventually be able to work almost non-stop. Of course, ocean ecosystems are complex and delicate at any depth. AlgaRay’s designers are well aware of this, and make sure they won’t increase ocean floor CO2 recklessly. A cautious pathway and detailed monitoring have been built into their approach. Additionally, they note sargassum blooms — worsened by human activities — are already causing major issues across the world. As the name might imply, AlgaRay is inspired by manta rays (蝠鲼), which are nearly 30 feet wide and feed on algae. In time, future generations of the robot could even match man ta rays’ huge sizes. 22. What contributed to the birth of the AlgaRay project? A. The government’s support. B. The progress of technology. C. The increase in tourism. D. The success of fishing industry. 23. How does the AlgaRay robot clean up sargassum? A. By killing all the sargassum off coasts. B. By locking sargassum in its container. C. By delivering sargassum into deep sea. D. By forcing sargassum to float on the surface. 24. What does the underlined word “recklessly” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Temporarily. B. Flexibly. C. Irresponsibly. D. Impatiently. 25. What can we infer about the future of AlgaRay from the text? A. It will be far bigger. B. It will be much cheaper. C. It will dive deeper still. D. It will work even longer. 第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever had a chat with Siri? Do you ask Google to play your favorite song? Have you ever had Alexa order a pizza for dinner? _____26_____ Voice assistants are programs on digital devices that listen and respond to verbal (口头的) commands. Users can say, "What's the weather like?" and the voice assistant will answer with the weather report for that day and location. They could say, "Tell me a story," and the assistant will jump into a tale. But how do voice assistants understand us? A complex system of codes? An actual person listening on the other end? _____27_____ It all starts with a signal word. Have you ever called a friend's name to get their attention? Users say the names of their voice assistants for the same reason. They might say. "Hey Siri!" or simply, "Alexa!" _____28_____ It signals to the voice assistant that it should begin paying attention. After the voice assistant hears its signal word, it starts recording. The device waits for a pause to know you've finished your request. It then sends your recorded request over the Internet to its database. Once in the database, your request is compared to other requests. _____29_____ The database then sends these commands back to the voice assistant. Once it receives the commands, the voice assistant knows what to do next. Voice assistants are improving all the time. Have you ever asked a voice assistant for something and received results you didn't expect? _____30_____ That teaches the device that the command it received from its database was wrong. It communicates that with the database and tries to do better next time. A. The battle for voice assistant market share is fierce. B. Whatever the signal word is, it wakes up the device. C. The answer is less complicated than you might think. D. Voice assistants are inside smart speakers in our homes. E. Each time this happens, the voice assistant learns from its mistake. F. Today's voice assistants can help you out with just about anything. G. It's split into separate commands your voice assistant can understand. 第四部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to live selfishly, I should admit. But one moment changed me. I was on my lunch break and had ____31____ the office to get something to eat. On the way, I saw a busker (街头艺人), with a hat in front of him. I had some ____32____ in my pocket, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would ____33____ use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. He ____34____ like that type — young and ragged. But what was I going to spend the money on? Only to feed my addiction to Coca-Cola or chocolate! I then ____35____ I had no right to place myself above ____36____ just because he was busking. I stopped and dropped all the coins into his hat, and he smiled at me. I watched for a while. As ____37____ as it sounds, I expected something more to come from that moment — a feeling of ____38____ or satisfaction, for example. But nothing happened. ___39___, I walked off. “It proved to be a waste of ___40___,” I thought. On my way home at the end of the ____41____, I saw the busker again and he was ____42____. I watched him pick up the hat and walk to a cafe counter. There he poured the ____43____ contents into a tin collecting ____44____ an earthquake fund-raising (募捐) event. He was busking for charity (慈善)! Now I donate any ____45____ I have to charity tins and enjoy the feeling of giving. 31. A. left B. cleaned C. prepared D. searched 32. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs 33. A. almost B. only C. rather D. still 34. A. acted B. looked C. sounded D. smelt 35. A. declared B. realized C. expected D. guessed 36. A. it B. all C. him D. them 37. A. selfish B. awkward C. innocent D. special 38. A. happiness B. sadness C. love D. hate 39. A. Disappointedly B. Unfortunately C. Coincidentally D. Comfortably 40. A. words B. effort C. space D. money 41. A. moment B. day C. break D. event 42. A. walking around B. passing by C. packing up D. running off 43. A. chief B. basic C. actual D. total 44. A. by B. for C. on D. with 45. A. work B. time C. energy D. change 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year during the Spring Festival, a small village east of Beijing puts on a special show. It’s about-15℃, and a man ___46___ (dress) in a straw hat and sheepskin coat throws spoon after spoon of heavy molten iron (铁水) at a massive, icy wall. The collision (碰撞) between the 1,600℃ liquid metal and the frozen brick creates a waterfall of sparks (火花) ___47___ (fall) over him, equally beautiful and dangerous. This is a show ___48___ requires extraordinary courage, skill and strength. Known as Da Shuhua, it has a history of 500 years in Nuanquan, a highly-developed steel town. Da Shuhua translates literally into “beating down the tree flowers,” ___49___ agricultural activity of hitting fruit trees to stimulate growth. In ancient times, fireworks weren’t always ___50___ (wide) affordable. So people in Nuanquan made use of scrap iron and developed Da Shuhua as a way ___51___ (celebrate) festivals. As a result, they brought firework displays ___52___ a whole new level. Today, Da Shuhua has become more popular than ever, due to bans on fireworks to reduce air pollution in some parts of China. Every year, this unique ___53___ (perform) attracts tons of people in spite of the freezing cold weather ___54___ draws attention for its protection. Since 2021, it ___55___ (list) as an intangible cultural heritage of China. 第三节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 根据下来句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。 56. She could see her face ________ (倒映) in the water. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57. Although she was one of our company’s excellent sales ________ (代表), she still had a stressful job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. He believes that his supporters are in the ________ (大多数). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59. I am now writing to make a ________ (抱怨) against the service of your hotel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 60. Henry was ________ (任命) as headmaster. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 61. We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement ________(手术). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 62. Why can certain plants trap ________ (有害的) bacteria? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 63. He was ________ (准许进入) into the University of Pennsylvania. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 64. Rivers are a blessing for an ________ (农业的) country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 65. People love the extra feeling Taylor gives them by ________ (装饰) the boxes, so more and more people come for her cakes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第五部分 书面表达（满分15分） 66. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Our school holds an annual book fair each January, where new and used books are available for students to purchase. Our librarian, Mr. Egan, is the school sponsor (主办者) for it. Traditionally, the tenth-grade students are responsible for the planning, set-up, and selling at the fair. I am sure that Mr. Egan consulted our teacher, Ms. Cates, for suggestions as to who would be the student directors, and I was pleasantly surprised when he approached me to be one of the students in charge. I was even more surprised when he told me that the student I would be working with was Charlie and we have known each other since kindergarten but have never been close. Ever since we were partners for the science project last year, there is very little we choose to say to each other. Needless to say, the science project fell short of our expectations. In light of that event, I was shocked that Mr. Egan and Ms. Cates found us a suitable match. At the meeting with Mr. Egan, we divided the responsibilities between us. I would be in charge of setting up the room and getting the volunteers to work the sale for all three days. Charlie would be in charge of all the books. We were both quite satisfied with our jobs, and even more satisfied that there would be little contact between us. With only two weeks to plan, I knew I could not waste time. I asked John and Rachel to help me with the set-up and twelve other classmates to work at the fair. I figured that, between Mr. Egan, the friends who volunteered to help, and me, we would be just fine. Meanwhile, I tried on two separate occasions to start a conversation with Charlie about making the progress but each time his response was, “Everything’s cool”. On the day of the set-up, my friends and I arrived, only to find Charlie with his head in his hands, surrounded by a million boxes of books. I asked him, Charlie, what’s wrong? 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 He responded in despair, “There are a lot more books here than I expected.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the book fair was over, I couldn’t stop wondering why Mr. Egan put us together. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 西安中学2023-2024学年度第二学期期中考试 高一英语试题 （时间：120分钟 满分：100分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回即可。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话对仅读一遍。 1．What does the man like about the play? A．The story. B．The ending. C．The actor. 2．Which place is the speakers trying to find? A．A hotel. B．A bank. C．A restaurant. 3．At what time will the two speakers meet? A．5:20. B．5:10. C．4:40. 4．What will the man do? A．Change the plan. B．Wait for a phone call. C．Sort things out. 5．What does the woman want to do? A．See a film with the man. B．Offer the man some help. C．Listen to some great music. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给出的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6．Where is Ben? A．In the kitchen. B．At school. C．In the park. 7．What will the children do in the afternoon? A．Help set the table. B．Have a party. C．Do their homework. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题 8．What are the two speakers talking about? A．A Family holiday. B．A business trip. C．A travel plan. 9．Where did Rachel go? A．Spain. B．Italy. C．China. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．How did the woman get to know about third-hand smoke? A．From young smokers. B．From a newspaper article. C．From some smoking parents. 11．Why does the man say that he should keep away from babies? A．He has just become a father. B．He wears dirty clothes. C．He is a smoker. 12．What does the woman suggest smoking parents should do? A．Stop smoking altogether. B．Smoke only outside their houses. C．Reduce dangerous matter in cigarettes. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where does Michelle Ray come from? A．A middle-sized city. B．A small town. C．A big city. 14．Which place would Michelle Ray take her visitors to for shopping? A．The Zen Garden. B．The Highlands. C．The Red River area. 15．What does Michelle Ray do for complete quiet? A．Go camping. B．Study in a library. C．Read at home. 16．What are the speakers talking about in general? A．Late-night shopping. B．Asian food. C．Louisville. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Why do some people say they never have dreams according to Dr. Garfield? A．They forget about their dreams. B．They don't want to tell the truth. C．They have no bad experiences. 18．Why did Davis stop having dreams? A．He got a serious heart attack. B．He was too sad about his brother's death. C．He was frightened by a terrible dream. 19．What is Dr. Garfield's opinion about dreaming? A．It is very useful. B．It makes things worse. C．It prevents the mind from working. 20．Why do some people turn off their dreams completely? A．To sleep better. B．To recover from illnesses. C．To stay away from their problems. 第二部分 单项选择（共10小题，每小题0．5分，共5分） 1. The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：植物园里芳香的花朵吸引着游客去欣赏大自然的美景。分析句子结构可知空处应填非谓语动词，主语The flowers 与感官动词smell之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。故选B项。 2. .Mr Smith, _______ of the ________ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查ing形容词和ed形容词辨析。句意：史密斯先生，厌倦这令人厌烦的演讲，开始读小说。前一空一方面要考虑到短语（be） tired of的意思是“厌倦……”，还要考虑到其逻辑主语指人，修饰人，表示人的感受，因此可以确定用tired；后一空被修饰词指物，所以用bore的现在分词boring，意思是“令人厌烦的”，表示事物的特征，修饰speech。故选A。 3. _______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：建于1936年的哈佛大学，是美国最著名的大学之一。found与Harvard是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词，表被动、完成。故选C。 【点评】当动词与主语构成主谓关系的时候，使用现在分词做状语。当二者构成动宾关系的时候，使用过去分词做状语。 4. Don’t leave the water_______ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你在刷牙的时候，不要一直让水流着。leave sb/sth doing让某人/某物一直不停地做某事，leave使…处于某种状态。宾语water与run之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故B正确。 【点睛】本题的leave指“使…处于某种状态”；在高中的学习近平时要多积累固定搭配的用法，考试时只能凭借记忆力来答题，尤其是单项选择很难推出某个搭配的意思，所以平时的积累记忆是尤其重要的。 5. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ________ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：每当他被问及为什么上课迟到时，他总是漫不经心地回答，总是说着同样的话。分析句子结构可知，主句中已有谓语动词“would answer”，且没有连词，故空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。句子的主语“he”与动词“say”之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且“say”的动作与谓语动词“answer”的动作同时发生，表示伴随状态，因此应用现在分词的一般式“saying”。 6. When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A. compare B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：在比较不同文化时，我们往往只注意差异，而不注意许多相似之处。compare“比较”。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的时间状语从句完整句子为When we are ____ (compare) different cultures，本空用comparing，与空前的are构成现在进行时，省略we are，保留comparing。故选C项。 7. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：客厅干净而整洁，餐桌已经为要做的饭准备好了。分析句子可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语table和lay之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，虽然being laid也表被动，但结合already可知，该动作发生在过去，不能用进行时。故选A项。 8. He wrote a long moving poem ________ his wife. A. in memory of B. in control of C. in case of D. in charge of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他写了一首长而动人的诗来纪念他的妻子。A. in memory of纪念；B. in control of控制；C. in case of万一；D. in charge of负责。此处表示写诗的目的是为了纪念他的妻子，in memory of符合语境。 9. A group of boys were ________ fireworks in the street. A. setting out B. setting off C. setting up D. setting down 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：一群男孩正在街上燃放烟花。A. setting out出发；B. setting off燃放，引发；C. setting up建立；D. setting down写下。根据宾语“fireworks”可知，应用“set off ”表示“燃放烟花”。 10. Chinese architecture is an independent art ________ wooden structures. A. featured B. featuring C. is featuring D. was featured 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：中国建筑是一门以木结构为特色的独立艺术。句中已有谓语动词is，且无连词，故空格处需填入非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词art。动词feature意为“以……为特色”，被修饰词art与动词feature之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此需用现在分词featuring。 第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Exciting Celebrations And Festivals Around The World Vivid Sydney, Australia: A Festival of Light, Music, and Ideas. When: Friday, 26 May 2023 to Saturday, 17 June 2023 Where: Sydney, Australia Age group: All ages, a family-friendly event About: Vivid Sydney is one of the most popular annual events in Sydney. While it is the light installations (装置) shining on the Sydney Opera House and Harbour Bridge that gain the most attention, the festival combines dozens of light installations, music al performances, and ideas to encourage and celebrate creativity. Merrie Monarch Festival, USA When: Sunday, 9 April 2023 to Saturday, 15 April 2023 Age group: All ages, although better for older kids and teens interested in Hawaiian culture About: It includes a 3-day celebration of traditional and modern Hawaiian hula dancing that takes place on the Big Island of Hawaii It’s an intense hula competition with participants (参与者) from all around the world. There are also incredible Hawaiian craft fairs, a parade, and other activities. Parintins Folklore Festival, Brazil When: 24,25, and 26 June 2023 Where: Parintins Town, Amazonas State, Brazil Age group: Kids between 10 years old and older are allowed into the outdoor sports ground. About: It is an important part of Brazilian culture because it celebrates an old local legend (传说) about a lady and an ox. It combines the local legend and culture with modern rhythms and themes from the whole country, which is why it is recognized as a cultural heritage of Brazil. 11. What can you do when attending Vivid Sydney? A. You may gain the most attention. B. You can help with the light installations. C. You have a chance to take part in a hula competition. D. You can enjoy musical performances and shining lights. 12. What do Merrie Monarch Festival and Parintins Folklore Festival have in common? A. They are family-friendly. B. They both last three days. C. They’re both suitable for older children. D. They’re celebrated to promote traditional dances. 13. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An art magazine. B. A tourism website. C. An academic article. D. A geography textbook. 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者推荐了世界上几个著名的节日活动。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Vivid Sydney, Australia: A Festival of Light, Music, and Ideas.(生动的悉尼，澳大利亚：一个光、音乐和思想的节日)”可知，参加VividSydney时，您可以欣赏音乐表演和耀眼的灯光，故选D。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据Merrie Monarch Festival, USA部分中“Age group: All ages, although better for older kids and teens interested in Hawaiian culture (年龄段：所有年龄段，但更适合年龄较大的孩子和对夏威夷文化感兴趣的青少年)”以及Parintins Folklore Festival, Brazil部分的“Age group: Kids between 10 years old and older are allowed into the outdoor sports ground.(年龄段：10岁以上儿童可进入户外运动场)”可知Merrie Monarch Festival和Parintins Folklore Festival的共同点是都适合年龄较大的孩子，故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文Y以及标题“Exciting Celebrations And Festivals Around The World”（世界各地令人兴奋的庆祝活动和节日）可知本文主要介绍了几个著名的节日活动，从而吸引人们来旅游观光，可推知文章可能取自一个旅游网站，故选B。 B Gahriela worked for a multinational company as a successful project manager in Brazil. Later she was transferred to manage a team in Sweden. She was excited about her new role but soon realized that managing her new team would be a challenge. Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about is in their own way without checking with her. When she announced her decisions on the project, they would continue giving their opinions as if it was still up for discussion. What Gabriela was experiencing was a culture shock in expectations. Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede uses the concept of “power distance” to describe how power is distributed (分布) in different cultures. In her previous work environment, Gabriela was used to a high power distance culture where power is respected. In such a culture, leaders make the big decisions and are not often challenged. Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged. When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership. Pleased to be asked for their thoughts, Gabriela’s team openly expressed that they were not used to being told what to do. They enjoyed having more room for initiative and creative freedom. When she told her team exactly what she needed them to do, they felt that she didn’t trust them to do their job well. With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style. Finally, she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals. 14. What problem did Gabriela have with her Swedish team at the beginning? A. Her Swedish staff didn’t understand her instructions. B. They were always refusing to follow her directions. C. Her authority was challenged by her Swedish staff. D. They looked down upon her because she was a female. 15. What is encouraged in the working culture in Sweden? A. Independent thinking and mild character. B. Competitive spirit and mild character. C. Professional spirit and risk-taking behavior. D. Active participation and creative thinking. 16. Which of the following can best describe Gabriela? A. Bossy and rude. B. Flexible and communicative. C. King but stubborn. D. Strict but trustworthy. 17. What can we learn from Gabriela’s story? A. Two heads are better than one. B. When in Rome, do as Romans do. C. Birds of a feather flock together. D. Don’t judge a book by its cover. 【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B 17. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。加布里埃拉到了瑞典的一个新的工作团队之后觉得自己的员工不够尊重自己的权威，后来她意识到自己正在经历期望值上的文化冲击。于是她与员工良好沟通，灵活调整，入乡随俗，有效地激励她的团队实现他们的目标。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. Her new staff would question her proposals openly in meetings, and when she gave them instructions on how to carry out a task, they would often go about is in their own way without checking with her. (尽管他们很友好，但加布里埃拉并不觉得自己是一个受尊重的领导者。她的新员工会在会议上公开质疑她的建议，当她给他们指示如何执行任务时，他们往往会按照自己的方式行事，而不征求她的意见。)”可知，加布里埃拉一开始觉得在瑞典团队里自己的领导权威被挑衅。故选C。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Her Swedish team, however, were used to working in a low power distance culture where employees often work together with their bosses to find solutions and make decisions. Here, leaders act as coaches who encourage independent thought and expect to be challenged. (然而，她的瑞典团队习惯于在低权力距离文化中工作，在这种文化中，员工经常与老板一起寻找解决方案并做出决定。在这里，领导者扮演教练的角色，鼓励独立思考，并期待挑战。)”和第二段第一句“Despite their friendliness, Gabriela didn’t feel respected as a leader. (尽管他们很友好，但加布里埃拉并不觉得自己是一个受尊重的领导者。)”可知，瑞典的工作文化鼓励思想独立、性格温和。故选A。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership. (当加布里埃拉意识到她和她的团队之间的文化差异时，她与他们进行了一次公开的对话，了解他们对她的领导的感受。)”和最后一段“With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style. Finally, she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals. (在更好地理解了彼此行为背后的潜在原因后，加布里埃拉能够调整自己的管理风格。最后，她有效地激励她的团队实现他们的目标。)”可知，加布里埃拉是一个灵活且善于沟通的人。故选B。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“What Gabriela was experiencing was a culture shock in expectations. (加布里埃拉所经历的是一种期望值上的文化冲击。)”，第四段“When Gabriela became aware of the cultural differences between her and her team, she had an open conversation with them about their feelings about her leadership. (当加布里埃拉意识到她和她的团队之间的文化差异时，她与他们进行了一次公开的对话，了解他们对她的领导的感受。)”和最后一段“With a better understanding of the underlying reasons behind each other’s behaviour, Gabriela was able to make adjustments to her management style. Finally, she effectively motivated her team to achieve their goals. (在更好地理解了彼此行为背后的潜在原因后，加布里埃拉能够调整自己的管理风格。最后，她有效地激励她的团队实现他们的目标。)”可知，文章讲述了一个面对文化差异灵活调整入乡随俗的故事。故选B。 C Dragons, a famous imaginary beast born from fantasy, are often present in stories in the west and east. In both cultures, dragons are generally recognized as massive creatures capable of flight. They have great power and are often associated with magical abilities. However, due to their different cultural roots and images, there exist significant differences in the way dragons are regarded in the west and east, particularly in China. Chinese dragons most resemble snakes, and have four claws and no wings. They often have features of other animals, including carp, tigers, and eagles. In contrast, Western dragons look like huge lizards with big claws and large bat-like wings, and are often shown with spines or rough scales. In traditional Chinese culture, a dragon is a symbol of luck, power and high status. They can cause weather changes and bring rainfall to the fields to ensure rich harvests. They are considered divine creatures, which hold an important position as the head of the four spirits. Therefore, to symbolize their power, ancient Chinese emperors decorated their clothes with dragon patterns. These clothes are known as dragon robes. Many Chinese view the dragon as a national symbol, proudly referring to themselves as “descendants of the dragon”. In the west, however, a dragon symbolizes an evil creature that spreads violence and terror throughout the land. They are believed to be transformed by the devil, with the ability to breathe fire or spit poison. Many western tales show dragons being defeated and killed to protect people from danger. Today, dragons continue to evolve, exceeding traditional boundaries and finding new significance in global culture. They are no longer associated with evil or good, but rather as complex characters with their own unique personalities and motivations. For example, Toothless from How to Train Your Dragon begins as a dangerous dragon but evolves into a misunderstood being with love and compassion. This challenges the idea of dragons as naturally evil, presenting them as complex beings with emotions and motivations. 18. What do western dragons and eastern dragons have in common? A. They have rough skin. B. They are huge and powerful. C. They are in the shape of snakes. D. They have big claws and wings. 19. What do we know from paragraph 3? A. Western dragons are a symbol of authority. B. Dragons in China can protect people from danger. C. Chinese dragons can control rainfall and breathe fire. D. Dragons are believed to cause chaos in western culture. 20. What is new about dragons in today’s global culture? A. They are regarded as adventurous creatures. B. They are closely associated with evil or good. C. They have more diverse emotions and personalities. D. They tend to represent human spirits facing challenges. 21. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. The Dragon Elements in Global Culture B. The Origin of Dragons in Chinese History C. The Magical Animals in Different Countries D. The Images of Dragons in Western Traditions 【答案】18. B 19. D 20. C 21. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了在中西方不同的文化背景下，龙的形态与象征意义各不相同。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In both cultures, dragons are generally recognized as massive creatures capable of flight. They have great power and are often associated with magical abilities.(在两种文化中，龙都被普遍认为是体型巨大、能够飞行的生物。它们拥有强大的力量，并且常常与神奇的能力联系在一起)”可知，东西方龙的共同点是它们都体型巨大，且拥有强大的力量。故选B项。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In the west, however, a dragon symbolizes an evil creature that spreads violence and terror throughout the land. They are believed to be transformed by the devil, with the ability to breathe fire or spit poison. Many western tales show dragons being defeated and killed to protect people from danger.(然而在西方，龙则被视为一种邪恶的生物，它会将暴力和恐怖蔓延至整个大地。人们认为龙是由恶魔所化生的，能够喷吐火焰或吐出毒液。许多西方故事中都描绘了龙被击败并被杀死的情景，以保护人们免受危险的侵害)”可知，在西方文化中，人们认为龙会制造混乱。故选D项。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“They are no longer associated with evil or good, but rather as complex characters with their own unique personalities and motivations.(它们不再与邪恶或善良划等号，而是成为了具有复杂性格、各自拥有独特个性和动机的人物形象)”可知，在当今全球文化中，关于龙的新的一面是它们拥有更多样化的情感和个性特征。故选C项。 【21题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Dragons, a famous imaginary beast born from fantasy, are often present in stories in the west and east. In both cultures, dragons are generally recognized as massive creatures capable of flight. They have great power and are often associated with magical abilities. However, due to their different cultural roots and images, there exist significant differences in the way dragons are regarded in the west and east, particularly in China.(龙，这一源自幻想的著名虚构生物，在东西方的诸多故事中都有出现。在两种文化中，龙通常都被视为能够飞行的庞然大物。它们拥有强大的力量，并常常与神奇的能力相关联。然而，由于其不同的文化根源和形象，龙在西方和东方被看待的方式存在显著差异，尤其是在中国)”结合本篇文章主要围绕中西方的“龙”文化展开，探讨了中西方文化中龙的形象、象征意义以及文化背景上的显著差异，最后分析了“龙”文化在当前全球文化中的演变。结合选项，A项“全球文化中的龙元素”能够概括文章的主要内容，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 D If you’ve ever spent time on a beach in the Gulf of Mexico or the Caribbean, there is a solid chance you came across a slimy mass of rotten, smelly seaweed. The specific ocean plant during those encounters is likely sargassum (马尾藻) — while helpful for absorbing CO₂, sargassum is also unbelievably harmful. It can seriously damage both shoreline and ocean ecosystems, killing red woods, seagrass and countless ocean animals. Cleanup efforts can cost tens of thousands of dollars while disturbing both tourist and fishing industries, but the AlgaRay project is showing great promise in relieving sargassum stress. In fact, its success has even earned it a place on Time’s Best Inventions of 2023. Off the coasts of Antigua, a roughly 9-foot-wide AlgaRay robot picks up piles of sargassum until its storage container is full, at which point the autonomous robot dives 200 meters below the surface. At this depth, the air pockets that make sargassum leaves so buoyant (有浮力的) are so pressed by the water that it simply can’t float anymore. Once let go by AlgaRay, sargassum then sinks to the ocean floor. The robot can repeat this process between four and six times every hour. And thanks to a combination of solar panels, lithium batteries (锂电池), and navigational tools, AlgaRay will eventually be able to work almost non-stop. Of course, ocean ecosystems are complex and delicate at any depth. AlgaRay’s designers are well aware of this, and make sure they won’t increase ocean floor CO2 recklessly. A cautious pathway and detailed monitoring have been built into their approach. Additionally, they note sargassum blooms — worsened by human activities — are already causing major issues across the world. As the name might imply, AlgaRay is inspired by manta rays (蝠鲼), which are nearly 30 feet wide and feed on algae. In time, future generations of the robot could even match man ta rays’ huge sizes. 22. What contributed to the birth of the AlgaRay project? A. The government’s support. B. The progress of technology. C. The increase in tourism. D. The success of fishing industry. 23. How does the AlgaRay robot clean up sargassum? A. By killing all the sargassum off coasts. B. By locking sargassum in its container. C. By delivering sargassum into deep sea. D. By forcing sargassum to float on the surface. 24. What does the underlined word “recklessly” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Temporarily. B. Flexibly. C. Irresponsibly. D. Impatiently. 25. What can we infer about the future of AlgaRay from the text? A. It will be far bigger. B. It will be much cheaper. C. It will dive deeper still. D. It will work even longer. 【答案】22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋中的一种特定植物——马尾藻的危害，以及为了应对这种危害而开发的一个创新项目——AlgaRay机器人。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“And thanks to a combination of solar panels, lithium batteries (锂电池), and navigational tools, AlgaRay will eventually be able to work almost non-stop.(得益于太阳能电池板、锂电池和导航工具的组合，AlgaRay最终将能够几乎不间断地工作)”可知，技术的进步是AlgaRay项目诞生的一个关键因素。技术进步使得机器人能够持续工作，有效地处理马尾藻问题。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Off the coasts of Antigua, a roughly 9-foot-wide AlgaRay robot picks up piles of sargassum until its storage container is full, at which point the autonomous robot dives 200 meters below the surface. At this depth, the air pockets that make sargassum leaves so buoyant（有浮力的）are so pressed by the water that it simply can’t float anymore. Once let go by AlgaRay, sargassum then sinks to the ocean floor.(在安提瓜海岸外，一个大约9英尺宽的AlgaRay机器人捡起成堆的马尾藻，直到它的储存容器装满，然后这个自动机器人潜入水面以下200米。在这个深度，使马尾藻叶子如此浮力的气穴受到水的压力，以至于它再也不能漂浮了。一旦被AlgaRay释放，马尾藻就会沉入海底)”可知，AlgaRay将马尾藻装入储存容器，然后送到深海底。故选C。 【24题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Of course, ocean ecosystems are complex and delicate at any depth. AlgaRay’s designers are well aware of this, and make sure they won’t increase ocean floor CO2 (当然，海洋生态系统在任何深度都是复杂而脆弱的。AlgaRay的设计师们很清楚这一点，并确保他们不会增加海底的二氧化碳)”可推测，海洋神态系统非常脆弱，因此，设计师需要确保这些机器人不能随意地、不负责任地增加海底的二氧化碳。选项A“Temporarily (暂时)”；选项B“Flexibly (灵活)”；选项C“Irresponsibly (不负责任)”；选项D“Impatiently(不耐烦)”。故选C。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In time, future generations of the robot could even match man ta rays’ huge sizes.(随着时间的推移，未来几代机器人甚至可以和人类一样庞大)”可推测，AlgaRay未来会和人类一样大小。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever had a chat with Siri? Do you ask Google to play your favorite song? Have you ever had Alexa order a pizza for dinner? _____26_____ Voice assistants are programs on digital devices that listen and respond to verbal (口头的) commands. Users can say, "What's the weather like?" and the voice assistant will answer with the weather report for that day and location. They could say, "Tell me a story," and the assistant will jump into a tale. But how do voice assistants understand us? A complex system of codes? An actual person listening on the other end? _____27_____ It all starts with a signal word. Have you ever called a friend's name to get their attention? Users say the names of their voice assistants for the same reason. They might say. "Hey Siri!" or simply, "Alexa!" _____28_____ It signals to the voice assistant that it should begin paying attention. After the voice assistant hears its signal word, it starts recording. The device waits for a pause to know you've finished your request. It then sends your recorded request over the Internet to its database. Once in the database, your request is compared to other requests. _____29_____ The database then sends these commands back to the voice assistant. Once it receives the commands, the voice assistant knows what to do next. Voice assistants are improving all the time. Have you ever asked a voice assistant for something and received results you didn't expect? _____30_____ That teaches the device that the command it received from its database was wrong. It communicates that with the database and tries to do better next time. A. The battle for voice assistant market share is fierce. B. Whatever the signal word is, it wakes up the device. C. The answer is less complicated than you might think. D. Voice assistants are inside smart speakers in our homes. E. Each time this happens, the voice assistant learns from its mistake. F. Today's voice assistants can help you out with just about anything. G. It's split into separate commands your voice assistant can understand. 【答案】26. F 27. C 28. B 29. G 30. E 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语音助手的工作原理。 【26题详解】 根据前文“Have you ever had a chat with Siri? Do you ask Google to play your favorite song? Have you ever had Alexa order a pizza for dinner? (你跟Siri聊过吗?你让谷歌播放你最喜欢的歌曲吗?你有没有让Alexa点披萨当晚餐?)”可知，语音助理可以帮助做很多事情，正好引出下文的内容。下文说语音助理是如何帮助我们做事情的。所以选择项F“Today's voice assistants can help you out with just about anything.(今天的语音助手几乎可以帮助你解决任何问题。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。 【27题详解】 根据上文“But how do voice assistants understand us? A complex system of codes? An actual person listening on the other end? (但是语音助手是如何理解我们的呢?一套复杂的密码系统?一个真实的人在电话那头听吗?)”可知，下面是对这一系列问题的回答。所以选择项C“The answer is less complicated than you might think. (答案并没有你想象的那么复杂。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。 【28题详解】 根据本段首句“It all starts with a signal word.( 这一切都始于一个信号词。)”和整个段落可知，本段都在说信号。所以选择项B“Whatever the signal word is, it wakes up the device. (不管信号字是什么，它都会唤醒设备。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“signal word”与首句中的“signal word”相一致。故选B。 【29题详解】 本段主要是描述语音助理是如何处理命令的。根据后句“The database then sends these commands back to the voice assistant.(然后数据库将这些命令发送回语音助手。)”可知，命令被拆分，从而使语音助理能够理解。所以选择项G“It's split into separate commands your voice assistant can understand. (它被分成你的语音助手可以理解的不同命令。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“commands”与后句中的“commands”相一致。故选G。 【30题详解】 根据后文“That teaches the device that the command it received from its database was wrong. It communicates that with the database and tries to do better next time. (这会告诉设备，它从数据库接收到的命令是错误的。它与数据库进行沟通，并试图在下一次做得更好。)”可知，这里主要讲语音助理是如何改正错误的。所以选择项E“Each time this happens, the voice assistant learns from its mistake. (每次发生这种情况，语音助手都会从错误中吸取教训。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“its mistake”与后句文的“its database was wrong”相一致。故选E。 第四部分 语言知识运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to live selfishly, I should admit. But one moment changed me. I was on my lunch break and had ____31____ the office to get something to eat. On the way, I saw a busker (街头艺人), with a hat in front of him. I had some ____32____ in my pocket, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would ____33____ use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. He ____34____ like that type — young and ragged. But what was I going to spend the money on? Only to feed my addiction to Coca-Cola or chocolate! I then ____35____ I had no right to place myself above ____36____ just because he was busking. I stopped and dropped all the coins into his hat, and he smiled at me. I watched for a while. As ____37____ as it sounds, I expected something more to come from that moment — a feeling of ____38____ or satisfaction, for example. But nothing happened. ___39___, I walked off. “It proved to be a waste of ___40___,” I thought. On my way home at the end of the ____41____, I saw the busker again and he was ____42____. I watched him pick up the hat and walk to a cafe counter. There he poured the ____43____ contents into a tin collecting ____44____ an earthquake fund-raising (募捐) event. He was busking for charity (慈善)! Now I donate any ____45____ I have to charity tins and enjoy the feeling of giving. 31. A. left B. cleaned C. prepared D. searched 32. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs 33. A. almost B. only C. rather D. still 34. A. acted B. looked C. sounded D. smelt 35. A. declared B. realized C. expected D. guessed 36. A. it B. all C. him D. them 37. A. selfish B. awkward C. innocent D. special 38. A. happiness B. sadness C. love D. hate 39. A. Disappointedly B. Unfortunately C. Coincidentally D. Comfortably 40. A. words B. effort C. space D. money 41. A. moment B. day C. break D. event 42. A. walking around B. passing by C. packing up D. running off 43. A. chief B. basic C. actual D. total 44. A. by B. for C. on D. with 45. A. work B. time C. energy D. change 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. B 34. B 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. D 41. B 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. D 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述作者从前自私冷漠，偶遇街头艺人后幡然醒悟，最终主动投身慈善捐赠。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：我正在午休，并且已经离开办公室去买点吃的。A. left离开；B. cleaned打扫；C. prepared准备；D. searched搜寻。根据后文“on the way”可知，作者离开了办公室。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的口袋里有一些硬币，但我不打算把它们给他，我暗自认为他只会用这笔钱满足毒瘾或者酒瘾。A. chocolates巧克力；B. coins硬币；C. tins金属罐；D. drugs毒品。根据后文“dropped all the coins into his hat”可知，作者口袋里装的是硬币。 【33题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。A. almost几乎；B. only仅仅，只；C. rather相当；D. still仍然。结合后文“use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol”和“Only to feed my addiction to Coca-Cola or chocolate!”可知，作者认定艺人只会把钱用在不良嗜好上。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：他看起来就是那类人——年轻且衣衫褴褛。A. acted行动；B. looked看起来；C. sounded听起来；D. smelt闻起来。后文“young and ragged”是外貌特征，对应感官动词look。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：我随后意识到，我没有资格仅仅因为他街头卖艺就凌驾于他之上。A. declared宣布；B. realized意识到；C. expected期待；D. guessed猜测。后文“I had no right to place myself above ____ just because he was busking.”是作者对比自身消费陋习后内心产生醒悟，realize符合语境。 【36题详解】 考查代词。句意同上。A. it它；B. all所有人；C. him他；D. them他们。指代前文单数街头艺人，用him。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：听起来十分自私，我期待从这一刻收获更多感受——例如一种幸福感或者满足感。A. selfish自私的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. innocent无辜的；D. special特别的。根据下文“I expected something more to come from that moment”可知，作者施舍钱财后奢求回报，这种想法是自私的，呼应文章开头selfishly。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。A. happiness幸福；B. sadness悲伤；C. love喜爱；D. hate憎恶。and连接并列名词，satisfaction与happiness语义相近。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：我失望地走开了。A. Disappointedly失望地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Coincidentally巧合地；D. Comfortably舒适地。根据上文“But nothing happened.”可知，作者没有获得预想的心理感受，内心感到失望。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：我心想，这笔钱算是浪费了。A. words话语；B. effort努力；C. space空间；D. money钱财。根据上文“I stopped and dropped all the coins into his hat”可知，作者认为钱财白白消耗。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：在当天下班回家的路上，我再次看见了这位街头艺人，他正在收拾东西。A. moment时刻；B. day一天；C. break休息；D. event事件。前文“I was on my lunch break”是午休时间，由此推测，此处指一整天结束。 【42题详解】 考查动词短语。句意同上。A. walking around四处走动；B. passing by路过；C. packing up收拾；D. running off逃离。结合后文“pick up the hat”可知，艺人结束表演在收拾物品。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在这里，他把全部的东西倒进一个为地震募捐活动筹款的金属罐里。A. chief主要的；B. basic基础的；C. actual真实的；D. total全部的。结合下文“He was busking for charity (慈善)!”可知，街头艺人把帽子里所有的钱币捐了出去。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。A. by通过；B. for为了；C. on关于；D. with伴随。结合下文“an earthquake fund-raising (募捐) event.”可知，这个金属罐介词专门用于此次募捐，for表目的。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：现在我把身上所有零钱捐进募捐罐，享受给予的快乐。A. work工作；B. time时间；C. energy精力；D. change零钱。呼应上文“I had some ____ in my pocket”此处指给街头艺人的零钱。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year during the Spring Festival, a small village east of Beijing puts on a special show. It’s about-15℃, and a man ___46___ (dress) in a straw hat and sheepskin coat throws spoon after spoon of heavy molten iron (铁水) at a massive, icy wall. The collision (碰撞) between the 1,600℃ liquid metal and the frozen brick creates a waterfall of sparks (火花) ___47___ (fall) over him, equally beautiful and dangerous. This is a show ___48___ requires extraordinary courage, skill and strength. Known as Da Shuhua, it has a history of 500 years in Nuanquan, a highly-developed steel town. Da Shuhua translates literally into “beating down the tree flowers,” ___49___ agricultural activity of hitting fruit trees to stimulate growth. In ancient times, fireworks weren’t always ___50___ (wide) affordable. So people in Nuanquan made use of scrap iron and developed Da Shuhua as a way ___51___ (celebrate) festivals. As a result, they brought firework displays ___52___ a whole new level. Today, Da Shuhua has become more popular than ever, due to bans on fireworks to reduce air pollution in some parts of China. Every year, this unique ___53___ (perform) attracts tons of people in spite of the freezing cold weather ___54___ draws attention for its protection. Since 2021, it ___55___ (list) as an intangible cultural heritage of China. 【答案】46. dressed 47. falling 48. that ##which 49. an 50. widely 51. to celebrate 52. to 53. performance 54. and 55. has been listed 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了暖泉镇传统民俗表演打树花，讲述了它的表演形式、起源、发展现状以及其被列入非物质文化遗产的相关情况。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：气温大约零下15摄氏度，一名头戴草帽、身穿羊皮袄的男子将一勺又一勺滚烫的铁水泼向巨大的冰墙。主语a man与dress为被动关系，此处用过去分词dressed作后置定语。 【47题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1600摄氏度的铁水撞上冰冷的墙体，火花如雨般落在他身上，场面既绚烂又危险。sparks与fall为主动且进行的关系，此处用现在分词falling作后置定语。 【48题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这是一项需要极大勇气、技艺和力量的表演。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为show，指物，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which引导。 【49题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“打树花” 字面意思是 “击打树上的花”，是一种拍打果树以促进其生长的农事活动。此处表示泛指一项农事活动，agricultural以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 【50题详解】 考查副词。句意：在古代，烟花并不是所有人都能买得起的。此处修饰形容词affordable，需用副词形式widely。 【51题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：于是暖泉当地的人们利用废铁创造出了打树花，以此来庆祝节日。固定搭配a way to do sth.表示 “做某事的方法”,用动词不定式to celebrate作后置定语。 【52题详解】 考查介词。句意：就这样，他们将烟火表演提升到了一个全新的高度。固定搭配bring...to...表示 “把…… 提升到……”。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：每年，尽管天气严寒，这项独特的表演依旧吸引着大批民众，也因其传承保护受到广泛关注。形容词 unique后接名词作主语，attracts提示用名词单数performance。 【54题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。前后两个谓语动作attracts和draws为并列关系，用and连接。 【55题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：自 2021 年起，它就被列入了中国非物质文化遗产名录。Since 2021提示用现在完成时，主语it与list为被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态has been listed。 第三节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 根据下来句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。 56. She could see her face ________ (倒映) in the water. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reflected 【解析】 【详解】句意：她能看到自己的脸庞倒映在水中。“倒映”用动词reflect表示，与宾语her face是被动关系，此处用过去分词reflected作宾语补足语。 57. Although she was one of our company’s excellent sales ________ (代表), she still had a stressful job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】representatives 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管她是我们公司的优秀销售代表之一，她的工作压力依然很大。根据句意和汉语提示可知，名词representative“代表”符合，由one of后接可数名词复数形式可知，应用名词复数形式representatives。 58. He believes that his supporters are in the ________ (大多数). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】majority 【解析】 【详解】句意：他认为他的支持者占大多数。根据汉语提示“大多数”可知，本空用名词majority，作宾语，构成固定短语in the majority“占大多数”。 59. I am now writing to make a ________ (抱怨) against the service of your hotel. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】complaint 【解析】 【详解】句意：我现在写信来投诉你们酒店的服务。空处作动词make的宾语，名词complaint“抱怨”符合题意，make a complaint“投诉”是固定搭配。 60. Henry was ________ (任命) as headmaster. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】appointed 【解析】 【详解】句意：亨利被任命为校长。根据汉语提示“任命”可知，空处应用动词appoint，主语Henry和appoint之间为被动关系，此处用过去分词appointed与was构成一般过去时被动语态。 61. We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement ________(手术). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】operation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们有一个女病人，她正在从膝关节置换手术中恢复。根据汉语提示“手术”，以及前面的replacement可知，这里是replacement作定语来修饰“手术”这个名词，operation“手术，操作”符合题意。故填operation。 62. Why can certain plants trap ________ (有害的) bacteria? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】harmful 【解析】 【详解】句意：为什么某些植物能够捕获有害细菌？根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词harmful“有害的”，作定语修饰名词bacteria。 63. He was ________ (准许进入) into the University of Pennsylvania. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】admitted 【解析】 【详解】句意：他被宾夕法尼亚大学录取。根据汉语提示“准许进入”可知，用动词admit，与He构成被动关系，本空用过去分词，与was构成一般过去时的被动语态。固定搭配be admitted into“被……录取”。 64. Rivers are a blessing for an ________ (农业的) country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】agricultural 【解析】 【详解】句意：河流对于一个农业国家来说是一种福祉。空白处修饰名词country，作定语，根据汉语提示“农业的”以及下文名词country可知，此处应填表示“农业的”含义的形容词agricultural，修饰后面的名词country，因此使用单词原形。 65. People love the extra feeling Taylor gives them by ________ (装饰) the boxes, so more and more people come for her cakes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】decorating 【解析】 【详解】句意：人们喜欢泰勒装饰盒子带来的别样氛围感，因此越来越多人来买她的蛋糕。根据汉语提示“装饰”可知，空处应用动词decorate，介词by后接动名词形式。 第五部分 书面表达（满分15分） 66. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Our school holds an annual book fair each January, where new and used books are available for students to purchase. Our librarian, Mr. Egan, is the school sponsor (主办者) for it. Traditionally, the tenth-grade students are responsible for the planning, set-up, and selling at the fair. I am sure that Mr. Egan consulted our teacher, Ms. Cates, for suggestions as to who would be the student directors, and I was pleasantly surprised when he approached me to be one of the students in charge. I was even more surprised when he told me that the student I would be working with was Charlie and we have known each other since kindergarten but have never been close. Ever since we were partners for the science project last year, there is very little we choose to say to each other. Needless to say, the science project fell short of our expectations. In light of that event, I was shocked that Mr. Egan and Ms. Cates found us a suitable match. At the meeting with Mr. Egan, we divided the responsibilities between us. I would be in charge of setting up the room and getting the volunteers to work the sale for all three days. Charlie would be in charge of all the books. We were both quite satisfied with our jobs, and even more satisfied that there would be little contact between us. With only two weeks to plan, I knew I could not waste time. I asked John and Rachel to help me with the set-up and twelve other classmates to work at the fair. I figured that, between Mr. Egan, the friends who volunteered to help, and me, we would be just fine. Meanwhile, I tried on two separate occasions to start a conversation with Charlie about making the progress but each time his response was, “Everything’s cool”. On the day of the set-up, my friends and I arrived, only to find Charlie with his head in his hands, surrounded by a million boxes of books. I asked him, Charlie, what’s wrong? 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 He responded in despair, “There are a lot more books here than I expected.” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the book fair was over, I couldn’t stop wondering why Mr. Egan put us together. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: He responded in despair, “There are a lot more books here than I expected.” My initial impulse was to say, “This is your mess. Figure it out yourself.” But instead I said, “Let me see if I can get some help.” Charlie nodded, appreciating the support. Then, we, together with other helpers, rolled up our sleeves and started sorting them by genre. Hours passed by as we worked side by side. Slowly but surely, the chaos began to transform into a perfect fair, and our avoidance of contact into smooth communication. I was surprised that the book fair was a success and even more surprised that we could actually work well together. After the book fair was over, I couldn’t stop wondering why Mr. Egan put us together. I approached him, eager to figure out his intention of this unlikely pairing. However, his reply was quite simple, “I knew that this would be a great experience for both of you. It wasn’t so much about running the book fair as it was a lesson in how important it is to communicate and to work alongside others when necessary.” Hearing what he said and thinking of what happened between Charlie and me, I couldn’t help but smile. Sometimes, the most valuable lessons are learned amidst the challenges we face and the people we least expect to be our allies. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了学校每年一月都会举办一年一度的书展，伊根老师提出让作者担任学生主任的建议时，作者很惊讶，更让作者惊讶的是，他告诉作者，和作者一起工作的学生是查理。查理尽管和作者认识，但是很少沟通和交流。书展那天，作者和作者的朋友们到了，却发现查理双手抱头，被一百万箱书包围着。我问他:“查理，怎么了?” 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他绝望地回答说:“这里的书比我想象的要多得多。”可知，第一段可描写作者克服了最初的冲动“这是你的烂摊子。你自己想办法吧”而帮助了查理，通过合作，把书进行了分类。一切顺利，书展很成功。 ②由第二段首句内容“书展结束后，我一直在想为什么伊根先生把我们安排在一起”可知，第二段可描询问伊根老师以及得到答复和作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：克服最初的冲动——帮助查理——展会很成功——询问伊根老师——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 弄清楚：figure out /make out ②经营：run/operate ③ 发生：happen /take place ④期望：expect/hope 情绪类 ①惊讶的：surprised/astonished ②渴望的：eager/thirsty 【点睛】[高分句型1] Hearing what he said and thinking of what happened between Charlie and me, I couldn’t help but smile. (运用了现在分词作状语，what引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] I knew that this would be a great experience for both of you. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $