Unit1-unit2 语法期末复习练习2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 人教版八年级下册英语期末复习练习卷，聚焦动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语、情态动词should与could及反身代词，通过基础-进阶-综合三层设计，实现从单一语法规则到语篇应用的递进巩固，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|动词不定式基本结构、情态动词基本用法、反身代词形式|15道单选+10道改错，直接考查语法规则，夯实基础| |进阶层|多知识点综合运用|10道翻译题，需结合不定式作状语、情态动词建议等，衔接基础与综合| |综合应用层|语境中语法知识运用|3篇语篇选择题（30题），在真实情境中考查知识点灵活应用，提升语用能力|

人教版英语八年级下册unit1、unit2—动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语、情态动词should与could及反身代词语法期末复习练习卷 语法知识点1—动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语： 动词不定式具有名词、形容词及副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 1.动词不定式作目的状语： 说明动作的目的，表示“为了……”，常放在句末；如需表强调时，也可以放在句首，要用逗号分隔 eg：To improve my English，I read English books every day. 为了提高英语，我每天读英文书。 例：选择题： ________ my fish are in good health, I only give them enough food every day. A．To make sure B．Make sure C．Making sure D．Made sure 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了确保我的鱼健康，我每天只给它们足够的食物。 “确保鱼健康”是“只给它们足够的食物”的目的，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，应填To make sure。 2.动词不定式作原因状语： 表示产生某种情感或状态的原因，常放在happy、sorry、glad等词后 eg：I’m glad to meet you. 见到你我很高兴。 例：选择题： I was very happy ______ the good news that our school won the basketball match. A.hear B. hearing C. to hear D. to hearing 【答案】 C 【详解】句意：听到我们学校赢了篮球赛的好消息，我非常开心。 考查非谓语动词。hear 听见，动词原形；hearing 听见，动名词/现在分词；to hear 听见，动词不定式；to hearing 介词 to + 动名词。 根据句意可知，“我开心”的原因是“听到了好消息”，因此需要用动词不定式作原因状语，说明产生某种情感的原因。在英语中，表示情感或心理状态的形容词（如 happy, surprised, sorry, excited 等）后常接不定式，表示“因……而……”。 同时，本句不存在prevent sb. from doing等固定搭配，也不表示目的，因此排除其他选项。 选项 A hear 是动词原形，不能直接放在形容词 happy之后； 选项 B hearing 不能用于此句型作原因状语； 选项 D to hearing 中 to 为介词形式，此处需要的是不定式符号 to。 因此，正确答案为 C. to hear。 3.动词不定式作结果状语： 常用的结构： 有too+形容词/副词+to do sth.（否定结果） 形容词/副词+enough+to do sth. （表示肯定结果） eg：The box is too heavy to carry. 这个箱子太重，搬不动。 She is old enough to go to school. 她到了足够上学的年龄。 例：句子改错：找出句中的错误并改正，再将正确的句子写在横线上 She is too young going to school. 【答案】She is too young to go to school. 【详解】句意：她年龄太小，不能去上学。“too...to...”为固定结构，意为“太……而不能……”。应把going改为to go。故填She is too young to go to school. 4.动词不定式作宾语补足语： 用于表示宾语的状态、特性、身份等，构成“动词+宾语+动词不定式”结构 ①常见的可以接带to的动词不定式作宾补的动词：allow、expect、encourage、want、ask、teach、choose、tell、advise、invite、would like等，否定形式为not to do ②常见的可以接省略to的动词不定式作宾补的动词包括感觉动词（see、hear、notice、feel、listen to等）和使役动词（make、let、have等） eg：The doctor advised him to exercise every day. 医生建议他每天锻炼。 Listening to music makes me feel happy. 听音乐使我感到开心。 例1：选择题： Whenever I face challenges, my mother always encourages me not ________. A．to give up B．to give away C．give up D．give away 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每当我面临挑战时，我的母亲总是鼓励我不要放弃。 考查动词短语及非谓语动词。give up放弃；give away赠送。此处表示母亲鼓励我不要放弃，encourage sb. not to do sth.表示“鼓励某人不要做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 例2：选择题： We saw the volunteers ________ books to the children in the countryside yesterday. A．give B．to give C．gives D．given 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天我们看到志愿者们给乡村的孩子们送书。 考查动词不定式省略to的用法。在感官动词（如see, watch, hear等）后接宾语和宾语补足语时，若表示动作的全过程或经常性行为，用省略to的不定式（即动词原形）；若表示动作正在进行，则用现在分词。根据句意，此处强调“看到志愿者们送书”这一完整过程，且题干已提示“省略to的不定式”，故用动词原形give。故选A。 例3：根据英文释义，写出对应的单词： Please check your answers again before handing your English paper. It can help you _________ (try not to do something) mistakes. 【答案】avoid/to avoid 【详解】句意：交英语试卷前，请再检查一遍答案。它可以帮助你避免错误。根据英文提示“努力不做某事”，可用单词avoid“避免”；help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，故填(to) avoid。 语法知识点2—情态动词should与could的用法： 1.情态动词should含义及用法： 情态动词should后接动词原形，表示建议；否定形式为should not/shouldn’t，表示“不应当；不该”。 eg：We shouldn't climb mountains alone. 我们不应该独自爬山。 例1：选择题： — How often ________ I stop to look at something far away when using the mobile phone? — Every 20 minutes. A．did B．should C．dare D. must 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——使用手机时，我应该多久停下来看看远处？——每20分钟。 did做，do的过去式；should应该；dare敢；must必须。根据答语Every 20 minutes.可知这是在询问建议或频率规则。结合语境，为了保护视力，使用手机时应该定期休息，用should。 例2：选择题： You ________ eat too much sweet food, or you will have a toothache. A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不应该吃太多甜食，否则你会牙疼。 shouldn’t不应该；couldn’t 不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止。根据or you will have a toothache可知，此处是给出建议，提醒对方不要吃太多甜食，shouldn’t符合语境。 2.情态动词could含义及用法： 情态动词could表示可以，用于提建议时，语气比can更委婉 eg：You could drink some water with honey. 你可以喝些蜂蜜水。 例：选择题： You ________ ask your teacher for help if you don’t understand the problem. A．could B．must C．needn’t D．can’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你不理解这个问题，你可以向老师寻求帮助。 could可以；must必须；needn’t不必；can’t不能。根据if you don’t understand the problem可知，此处是给出建议，表示“可以”向老师求助，语气较委婉。must语气太强，needn’t和can’t不符合逻辑。应选could。 3.情态动词should与could的比较： 与could相比，should提建议的语气相对更直接、更强烈，常带有一种责任或义务感；could语气更温和，更侧重于给出一种可行的选择 eg：You should brush your teeth twice a day. 你应该每天刷两次牙。 If you feel tired, you could take a short break. 如果你觉得累了，可以休息一小会儿。 例：选择题： If you want to keep healthy, you ________ stay up late very often. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你想保持健康，你不应该经常熬夜。 should应该；shouldn’t不应该；could能够；need需要。根据If you want to keep healthy可知，为了保持健康，建议不要经常熬夜，表示否定建议，应选用shouldn’t。 语法知识点3—反身代词的用法： 反身代词表示“……自己；本身”，在第一人称、第二人称的形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词宾格形式的词尾加-self或-selves，具体用法如下： 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 Myself 我自己 Yourself 你自己 himself他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 复数 Ourselves 我们自己 Yourselves 你们自己 Themselves 他/她/它们自己 例1：选择题： We don’t need to push ________ too hard. It’s very important to balance study and rest. A．yourself B．ourselves C．himself D．themselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们不需要把自己逼得太紧。平衡学习和休息非常重要。 yourself你自己；ourselves我们自己；himself他自己；themselves他们自己。根据主语We可知，宾语应用与之对应的反身代词ourselves，表示“我们自己”，ourselves符合语境。 例2：用所给词的适当形式填空： Let me ________ (introduce) ________ (I) on the first day. 【答案】introduce myself 【详解】句意：让我在第一天自我介绍一下。introduce oneself“介绍某人自己”，I是主格，反身代词是myself，空前是let，根据let sb. do sth.可知，空处填动词原形。故填introduce；myself。 例3：句子改错：找出句中的错误并改正，再将正确的句子写在横线上 The girl is too young to look after her. 【答案】 her改为herself。 【详解】her改为herself。此句表达“这个女孩太小了，不能照顾她自己”，“她自己”应用herself。 练 习 一、单项选择题： 1.Our English teacher is patient enough ________ much time ________ grammar rules to us. A．spend; explaining B．spending; explaining C．to spend; explaining D．to spend; explain 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师足够有耐心，会花很多时间给我们讲解语法规则。 根据Our English teacher is patient enough...可知，此处考查固定结构be+adj.+enough to do sth.（足够……去做某事），因此第一空应填不定式to spend；同时考查spend time (in) doing sth.（花费时间做某事），因此第二空应填动名词explaining。故选C。 2.He should have a break ________ his eyes. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protects 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他应该休息一下来保护他的眼睛。 protect保护，动词原形；protecting保护，现在分词；to protect保护，动词不定式；protects保护，第三人称单数。根据句意可知，此处表示“休息”的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选to protect。 3.Lucy had few close friends. So she didn’t know ________ the trouble. A．who to talk to about B．who to talk C．who to say about D．what to talk 【答案】A 【详解】句意：露西几乎没有亲密的朋友。所以她不知道该和谁谈论这件麻烦事。 talk to sb. about sth.意为“和某人谈论某事”，是固定搭配。本句中who作介词to的宾语，the trouble作介词about的宾语，因此空格处需包含介词to和about。选项A结构完整且符合搭配。 4.—Must I take the medicine now? —No, you ________. It’s only for adults. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我现在必须吃药吗？——不，你不必。这只是给成年人的。 mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。问句是由“Must I...? ”引导的一般疑问句，询问是否有必要做某事，其否定回答通常用needn’t，应填needn’t。 5.________ the people locked inside, the firemen broke the door down. A．Reach B．To reach C．Reaching D. For reaching 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了接触到被锁在里面的人，消防员们把门撞开了。 考查非谓语动词中不定式作目的状语的用法。根据the firemen broke the door down可知，其目的是“接触到里面的人”，表目的时要用动词不定式to do。故选B。 6.You ______ eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your health. A．shouldn’t B．could C．should D．couldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不应该吃太多垃圾食品。它对健康有害。   shouldn’t不应该；could能够；should应该（肯定建议）；couldn’t不能（过去式）。根据It’s bad for your health可知，是对健康有害的行为提出否定建议，shouldn’t符合语境。 7.The monkey hid ______ behind the big tree. A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：猴子把自己藏在大树后面。   it它（主格/宾格）；its它的（形容词性物主代词）；itself它自己（反身代词）；it’s它是（it is缩写）。根据The monkey hid及behind the big tree可知，主语猴子把自己藏起来，应用反身代词，itself符合语境。 8.You look really tired. You ________ stay up too late at night. A．should B．can C．shouldn’t D．may 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你看起来很累。你不应该熬夜。   should应该；can能够；shouldn’t不应该；may可以。根据You look really tired.可知，熬夜导致疲惫，因此建议不要熬夜，shouldn’t符合语境。 9.If you have a chat with him more patiently, you will get ________ more about him. A．to learn B．learned C．learn D．learning 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你更耐心地和他聊天，你就会了解更多关于他的事情。   固定搭配“get to do sth.”，表示“逐渐做某事”或“有机会做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语，to learn符合语境。 10.—What’s your plan for the summer vacation? —I want ________ to the community to help those in need. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你的暑假计划是什么？——我想去社区帮助那些有需要的人。 考查动词不定式作宾语的用法。go去；going去，现在分词或动名词；to go去，动词不定式；went去，过去式。动词want后接不定式作宾语，即“want to do sth.”，表示“想要做某事”，因此空格处应使用动词不定式to go，故选C。 11.It’s important for teenagers ________ a balance between study and play. A．keep B．keeping C．to keep D．kept 【答案】C 【详解】句意：对青少年来说，在学习和玩耍之间保持平衡很重要。 考查非谓语动词。keep保持（动词原形）；keeping保持（动名词）；to keep去保持（动词不定式）；kept保持（过去式/过去分词）。根据句型结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作真正的主语，It’s important for sb. to do sth.是固定句型，意为“对某人来说做某事很重要”。故选C。 12.Tony often makes his sister_______, but this time his sister was made ________ by Tony. A．cry; cry B．crying; crying C．to cry; cry D．cry; to cry 【答案】D 【详解】句意：托尼经常让他妹妹哭，但这次他的妹妹被托尼弄哭了。 cry哭；crying哭(动名词/现在分词)；to cry哭(动词不定式)。主动语态中“make sb. do sth.”，省略to；被动语态中“sb. be made to do sth.”，需加to。第一空为主动语态，用动词原形cry；第二空为被动语态，用带to的不定式to cry。 13.The boss made the workers ________ for 12 hours a day. A．work B．to work C．working D．worked 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老板让工人们一天工作12个小时。 work工作，动词原形；to work工作，动词不定式；working工作，动名词或现在分词；worked工作，过去式或过去分词。使役动词make在主动语态中，make后接宾语补足语需用省略to的不定式，构成固定搭配“make sb. do sth.”，意为“让/使某人做某事”，因此此处应填动词原形，应用work。 14.—Andy warned us ________ careful with our wallets while going on a trip. —Well, he had a point. We should avoid ________ too much money with us. A．to be; bringing B．being; bringing C．to be; bring D．be ; to bring 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Andy警告我们旅行时要看好自己的钱包。——嗯，他说得有道理。我们应该避免随身带太多钱。 第一空“warn sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“警告某人做某事”，此处用to be careful；第二空“avoid doing sth.”是固定搭配，表示“避免做某事”，此处用bringing。 15.The doctor told me to ________ down and rest for three days. A．lie B．lay C．laid D．lying 【答案】A 【详解】句意：医生叫我躺下休息三天。 考查非谓语动词。lie躺，原形；lay放置，原形；或lie的过去式；laid， lay的过去式或过去分词；lying， lie的现在分词。根据The doctor told me to...down and rest for three days.可知，此处为不定式to do结构，需用动词原形，且表示“躺下”应用lie down。故选A。 二、翻译题： 16.我们喜欢它因为它很有趣。 【答案】We like it because it’s fun. 【详解】“我们喜欢它因为它很有趣。”译为We like it because it’s fun. 其中“因为”用连词because引导原因状语从句；“它很有趣”用it’s fun表达。故填We like it because it’s fun. 17.更重要的是，我们应该更加重视我们的学习。(more importantly) 【答案】More importantly, we should pay more attention to our study. 【详解】“更重要的是”more importantly，副词修饰整个句子；“我们”we；“应该”should，后接动词原形；“重视某物”pay attention to sth.，“更加重视”pay more attention to sth.；“我们的学习”our study。故填More importantly, we should pay more attention to our study. 18.我经常吹长笛来放松自己。 【答案】I often play the flute to relax myself. 【详解】“我经常吹长笛来放松自己。”译为I often play the flute to relax myself. “我”用I表达；“经常”用often表达；“吹长笛”用play the flute表达；“来放松自己”用to relax myself表达，其中to表目的，“放松”用relax表达，“自己”用myself表达。故填I often play the flute to relax myself. 19.我喜欢看功夫电影来放松。               【答案】I like watching kung fu movies to relax. 【详解】“我”译为I，作主语；like doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，这里“喜欢看”译作like watching，watch movies是固定搭配，意为“看电影”；“功夫电影”译作kung fu movies；“来放松”用不定式to relax作目的状语，表示“看电影”的目的是“放松”。故填I like watching kung fu movies to relax. 20.适当的放松能帮助我们更好地学习。 【答案】Proper relaxation can help us study better./Proper relaxation can help us to study better. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句为一般现在时。“适当的放松”用proper relaxation，其中relaxation是句子的主语，proper是形容词，修饰名词relaxation，作定语；“能”用情态动词can表达，其后加动词原形，构成句子的谓语，help（帮助）是动词原形；“帮助某人做某事”用help sb. (to) do sth.表达；动词后人称代词用宾格，作宾语，“我们”的宾格是us；“更好地学习”用study better表达，句首字母要大写。故填Proper relaxation can help us study better./Proper relaxation can help us to study better. 21.我父母不允许我在上学日晚上晚归。 【答案】My parents don’t allow me to stay out late on school nights. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句时态为一般现在时态。“我父母”英文为My parents，复数可数名词短语作主语；”不允许某人做某事“英文为don’t allow sb. to do sth.，这里使用一般现在时态的否定形式，因为主语是复数，所以用don’t allow；“我”作allow的宾语，用宾格形式me；“晚归”翻译为stay out late，是allow sb. to do sth.结构中的动词不定式部分；“在上学日晚上”翻译为on school nights，作时间状语。故填My parents don’t allow me to stay out late on school nights. 22.我发现在空余时间读不同种类的书很有趣。 (find it fun to do...) 【答案】I find it fun to read different kinds of books in my spare time. 【详解】I我；find发现，本句描述日常感受用一般现在时；it作形式宾语；fun有趣的；to read different kinds of books读不同种类的书，符合要求句式find it fun to do...；in my spare time在空余时间。故填I find it fun to read different kinds of books in my spare time. 23.每天散步是减轻压力的好方法。(reduce stress)   【答案】Taking a walk every day is a good way to reduce stress. 【详解】每天散步：take a walk every day，作句子的主语，应用动名词形式，位于句首，句首单词首字母大写；是：be；减轻压力：reduce stress，动词短语；好方法：a good way。结合语境可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语Taking a walk every day是动名词形式，看作第三人称单数，因此be动词用is。表示“做某事的好方法”用a good way to do sth.。故填Taking a walk every day is a good way to reduce stress. 24.我没有足够的钱给我妈买个新手表。 【答案】I don’t have enough money to buy a new watch for my mother. 【详解】我没有：I don’t have，表示现在状态的否定。足够的钱：enough money，enough作定语修饰money。给我妈买个新手表：to buy a new watch for my mother，动词不定式作目的状语，其中for my mother表示对象。整句结构为：主语（I）+ 谓语（don’t have）+ 宾语（enough money）+ 目的状语（to buy...）。故填I don’t have enough money to buy a new watch for my mother. 25.我父母想去凉爽的地方度假。 【答案】My parents would like to go somewhere cool on vacation./My parents want to go somewhere cool on vacation. 【详解】根据汉语意思可知，本句时态为一般现在时。“我父母”英文为My parents，作句子主语；“想”英文为would like或want，固定搭配，would like to do sth./want to do sth.“想要做某事”，作谓语；“去凉爽的地方”译为go somewhere cool，结合would like与want的用法，应为to go somewhere cool，作would like/want的宾语，其中cool作后置定语修饰somewhere；“度假”译为on vacation，固定搭配，在句子中作状语。故填My parents would like to go somewhere cool on vacation./My parents want to go somewhere cool on vacation. 三、改错题： 26.They sometimes eat sandwichs for lunch. 改为 27．Annie can’t swim and I can’t, too. 改为 28．The new bike may belong to his. 改为 29．The father often makes his son to run in the morning. 改为 30．What’s the weather in Harbin? 改为 【答案】26．sandwichs改为sandwiches 27．too改为either 28．his改为him 29．to run改为run 30．What’s改成How’s 【解析】26．句意：他们有时午餐吃三明治。sandwich的复数形式是sandwiches，不是sandwichs。应把sandwichs改为sandwiches。 27．句意：安妮不会游泳，我也不会。too用于肯定句句末表示“也”，either用于否定句句末表示“也”。此句是否定句，应把too改为either。 28．句意：这辆新自行车可能是他的。belong to中to是介词，后接人称代词宾格，his在这里是名词性物主代词，应改为宾格him。 29．句意：这位父亲经常让他儿子早上跑步。“make sb. do sth.”是固定表达，意为“让某人做某事”，应把to run改为run。 30．句意：哈尔滨天气怎么样？询问天气用What’s the weather like…或How’s the weather…，应将What’s改成How’s。 31．He wanted to do it hisself. 改为 32．You could to finish your homework first. 改为 33．We should went home earlier. 改为 34．They can’t do it by themself. 改为 35．He suggest that we should do more exercise. 改为 【答案】31．hisself改为himself 32．去掉to 33．went改为go 34．themself改为themselves 35．suggest改为suggests 【解析】31．hisself改为himself。表达“他自己”应用himself。 32．去掉to。情态动词could后加动词原形。 33．went改为go。情态动词should后加动词原形，而不是过去式。 34．themself改为themselves。表达“他们自己”应用themselves。 35．主语He为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，suggest的第三人称单数为suggests，故此处应将suggest改为suggests。故填suggest→suggests。 四、语法选择题： 第一篇： My favourite free-time activity is horse riding. I 36 when I was six years old. My grandfather took me to his farm and let me 37 a horse for the first time. It was such an amazing experience that I fell in love with it at once. Now I go horse riding every weekend. I enjoy 38 in nature and the feeling of freedom. Horse riding also helps me 39 fit. But most importantly, it lets me 40 time with my horse, Nini. She is my best friend. She is always happy 41 me, especially when I bring her carrots. I find it fun 42 her and watch her eat. I feel really lucky 43 her in my life. This activity 44 me happy and relaxed. I hope I can 45 horse riding for a long time. 36．A．start B．started C．to start 37．A．ride B．to ride C．riding 38．A．be B．to be C．being 39．A．stay B．to stay C．staying 40．A．spend B．to spend C．spending 41．A．see B．to see C．seeing 42．A．feed B．to feed C．feeding 43．A．have B．to have C．having 44．A．make B．makes C．made 45．A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 【答案】 36．B 37．A 38．C 39．A 40．A 41．B 42．B 43．B 44．B 45．A 【导语】本文介绍了作者的业余爱好——骑马，并通过叙述经历和感受表达了骑马带来的快乐和意义。 36．句意：我六岁的时候开始骑马。 start动词原形；started过去式；to start动词不定式。根据when I was six years old.可知，句中描述过去的动作，此处用过去式started，故选B。 37．句意：我的祖父带我去他的农场，让我第一次骑马。 ride动词原形；to ride动词不定式；riding现在分词或动名词。句中let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，是固定搭配，此处用动词原形，故选A。 38．句意：我喜欢在大自然中，感受自由。 be动词原形；to be动词不定式；being现在分词或动名词。句中enjoy后跟动名词，enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，固定搭配，故选C。 39．句意：骑马也帮助我保持健康。 stay动词原形；to stay动词不定式；staying现在分词或动名词。句中help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，是固定搭配，此处应该用动词原形，故选A。 40．句意：但最重要的是，它让我可以和我的马Nini共度时光。 spend动词原形；to spend动词不定式；spending现在分词或动名词。句中let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，是固定搭配，后面接动词原形，故选A。 41．句意：她总是很高兴看到我，尤其当我给她带胡萝卜时。 see动词原形；to see动词不定式；seeing现在分词或动名词。句中be happy to do sth.“很高兴做某事”，是固定搭配，应该用动词不定式，故选B。 42．句意：我觉得喂她并看她吃东西很有趣。 feed动词原形；to feed动词不定式；feeding现在分词或动名词。句中it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正宾语，find it...to do sth.“发现做某事是……的”，此处应该使用动词不定式。故选B。 43．句意：我觉得能拥有她在我的生活中很幸运。 have动词原形；to have动词不定式；having现在分词或动名词。句中be lucky to do sth.“做某事很幸运”，此处用动词不定式，故选B。 44．句意：这项活动让我感到快乐和放松。 make动词原形；makes第三人称单数；made动词过去式。本句为一般现在时，主语this activity是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，故选B。 45．句意：我希望我可以长期骑马。 keep动词原形；to keep动词不定式；keeping现在分词或动名词。句中can是情态动词，后接动词原形，故选A。 第二篇： Teng Fei loves outdoor activities. He and his family often spend weekends together. Last Saturday, the family 46 hiking. On their way back home, they saw 47 small tea house. It was warm and quiet, with many green 48 by the window. They walked in and ordered jasmine tea and some sweet cakes. The tea 49 in beautiful cups. Teng Fei and his parents had fun listening to the soft music there and tasting the nice tea. While they were drinking tea, Teng Fei’s sister was drawing pictures happily. Teng Fei talked 50 his school life with his parents. He thought 51 enjoyable it was to spend time with his family. “What a lovely day!” said Teng Fei. “Yeah, during the visit here, we can truly relax 52 ,” said Teng Fei’s parents. “This is the 53 day I’ve ever had!” said Teng Fei’s sister. When they left, everyone felt 54 . The visit to the tea house made their weekend more colorful and the whole family decided 55 the tea house again in the coming days. 46．A．go B．goes C．went 47．A．a B．an C．the 48．A．plant B．plants C．plant’s 49．A．serves B．was served C．has served 50．A．of B．to C．about 51．A．how B．what C．whether 52．A．we B．us C．ourselves 53．A．good B．better C．best 54．A．relax B．relaxed C．relaxing 55．A．visiting B．to visit C．visited 【答案】 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．B 50．C 51．A 52．C 53．C 54．B 55．B 【导语】本文讲述了腾飞一家周末去户外徒步，并在回程时偶遇一家茶馆，全家人在茶馆喝茶放松、享受温馨时光的故事。 46．句意：上周六，一家人去徒步了。 go去（动词原形）；goes去（第三人称单数）；went去（过去式）。根据Last Saturday可知，句子要用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 47．句意：在回家的路上，他们看到了一家小茶馆。 a一个（用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；an一个（用于元音音素开头的单词前）；the这个/那个（表特指）。根据small tea house可知，此处表泛指，small是以辅音音素/s/开头的单词，用a。故选A。 48．句意：这里温暖又安静，窗边有许多绿色的植物。 plant植物（单数）；plants植物（复数）；plant’s植物的（所有格）。根据many可知，后接可数名词复数形式。故选B。 49．句意：茶被盛在漂亮的杯子里。 serves提供（第三人称单数）；was served被提供（一般过去时的被动语态）；has served已经提供（现在完成时）。根据语境，茶是“被端上、被盛放”，所以用被动语态，且全文为一般过去时，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 50．句意：腾飞和父母聊了关于他学校生活的事情。 of……的；to到，向；about关于。根据talked和his school life可知，固定搭配talk about sth.表示“谈论某事”。故选C。 51．句意：他觉得和家人共度时光是多么愉快啊。 how多么（修饰形容词/副词）；what多么（修饰名词）；whether是否。根据enjoyable it was可知，感叹句结构为“how +形容词+主语+谓语”，所以用how。故选A。 52．句意：在这里的这段时光里，我们真的能放松自己。 we我们（主格）；us我们（宾格）；ourselves我们自己（反身代词）。根据relax可知，固定搭配relax oneself表示“放松自己”，主语是we，反身代词用ourselves。故选C。 53．句意：这是我度过的最好的一天！ good好的（原级）；better更好的（比较级）；best最好的（最高级）。根据I’ve ever had可知，在曾经度过的日子里进行比较，用形容词最高级，表示“最”。故选C。 54．句意：当他们离开时，每个人都感到很放松。 relax放松（动词）；relaxed感到放松的（形容词，修饰人）；relaxing令人放松的（形容词，修饰物）。根据everyone felt可知，此处修饰人，用relaxed表示“感到放松的”。故选B。 55．句意：全家人决定在接下来的日子里再去这家茶馆。 visiting参观（动名词）；to visit参观（动词不定式）；visited参观（过去式）。根据decided可知，decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，后接动词不定式。故选B。 第三篇： I started to swim ten years ago. I still remember the day when I first went to the pool. I was so afraid. My parents were in the water and they encouraged me 56 them. They said it was easy to learn! And I got in and kicked wildly (乱 踢 ) 57 the water. Soon after, to my surprise, I 58 swim. I was so happy that day. Later, my parents taught 59 different swimming styles, such as freestyle, butterfly, and so on. 60 I learnt those, I always wanted to be in the pool. Swimming is surely one of the best hobbies, especially for children. It lets 61 arms and legs grow quickly. It also makes them grow taller. I’m 62 tallest in my class. I think swimming is good for my studies. After swimming, I’m able to do much 63 in class. Maths used to be a 64 subject for me, but now it’s my favourite. I also won many prizes in a lot of swimming competitions. And in the future, I believe more children 65 more time doing sport like swimming. Swimming is really an interesting choice for them. 56．A．join B．to join C．joining 57．A．in B．at C．with 58．A．should B．must C．could 59．A．I B．me C．my 60．A．After B．When C．If 61．A．child B．children C．children’s 62．A．a B．an C．the 63．A．well B．better C．best 64．A．difficult B．difficulty C．difficultly 65．A．spend B．spent C．will spend 【答案】 56．B 57．A 58．C 59．B 60．A 61．C 62．C 63．B 64．A 65．C 【导语】本文讲述作者学习游泳的经历及好处，强调游泳有益身心，是一项好爱好，并展望更多孩子未来会参与运动。 【详解】56．句意：我的父母在水中，他们鼓励我加入他们。 encourage sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，符合语境，用不定式to join。 57．句意：我下了水，在水里乱踢。 kick in the water意为“在水里踢”，用介词in表示“在……里面”，符合语境。At“在……处”，with“用/和……一起”，均不符合。 58．句意：不久之后，令我惊讶的是，我会游泳了。 根据上下文，作者从害怕游泳到后来发现自己“能够/会”游泳了，用could表示“能”，是can的过去式。Should“应该”，must“必须”，均不符合。 59．句意：后来，父母教我不同的泳姿。 taught me意为“教我”，动词后接人称代词宾格“me”。“I”是主格，“my”是形容词性物主代词，均不符合。 60．句意：在我学会了那些之后，我总是想待在游泳池里。 表示学会泳姿之后的状态，After意为“在……之后”，符合语境。 61．句意：它能让孩子们的手臂和腿快速生长。 此处表示“孩子们的手臂和腿”，用名词所有格children’s。child孩子 (单数)，children孩子们 (复数，但缺少所有格符号)，均不符合。 62．句意：我是班里最高的。 tallest是最高级，前面用定冠词“the”修饰。a和an是不定冠词，均不符合。 63．句意：游泳之后，我在课堂上能表现得更好。 much修饰比较级，better是well的比较级，意为“更好”。well是原级，best是最高级，均不符合。 64．句意：数学过去对我来说是一门困难的科目，但现在它成了我的最爱。 修饰名词subject用形容词，difficult是形容词，意为“困难的”。 65．句意：我相信将来会有更多的孩子花更多的时间做像游泳这样的运动。 根据in the future (将来)，应用一般将来时will spend。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版英语八年级下册unit1、unit2—动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语、情态动词should与could及反身代词语法期末复习练习卷 语法知识点1—动词不定式作状语和宾语补足语： 动词不定式具有名词、形容词及副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。 1.动词不定式作目的状语： 说明动作的目的，表示“为了……”，常放在句末；如需表强调时，也可以放在句首，要用逗号分隔 eg：To improve my English，I read English books every day. 为了提高英语，我每天读英文书。 例：选择题： ________ my fish are in good health, I only give them enough food every day. A．To make sure B．Make sure C．Making sure D．Made sure 2.动词不定式作原因状语： 表示产生某种情感或状态的原因，常放在happy、sorry、glad等词后 eg：I’m glad to meet you. 见到你我很高兴。 例：选择题： I was very happy ______ the good news that our school won the basketball match. A.hear B. hearing C. to hear D. to hearing 3.动词不定式作结果状语： 常用的结构： 有too+形容词/副词+to do sth.（否定结果） 形容词/副词+enough+to do sth. （表示肯定结果） eg：The box is too heavy to carry. 这个箱子太重，搬不动。 She is old enough to go to school. 她到了足够上学的年龄。 例：句子改错：找出句中的错误并改正，再将正确的句子写在横线上 She is too young going to school. 4.动词不定式作宾语补足语： 用于表示宾语的状态、特性、身份等，构成“动词+宾语+动词不定式”结构 ①常见的可以接带to的动词不定式作宾补的动词：allow、expect、encourage、want、ask、teach、choose、tell、advise、invite、would like等，否定形式为not to do ②常见的可以接省略to的动词不定式作宾补的动词包括感觉动词（see、hear、notice、feel、listen to等）和使役动词（make、let、have等） eg：The doctor advised him to exercise every day. 医生建议他每天锻炼。 Listening to music makes me feel happy. 听音乐使我感到开心。 例1：选择题： Whenever I face challenges, my mother always encourages me not ________. A．to give up B．to give away C．give up D．give away 例2：选择题： We saw the volunteers ________ books to the children in the countryside yesterday. A．give B．to give C．gives D．given 例3：根据英文释义，写出对应的单词： Please check your answers again before handing your English paper. It can help you _________ (try not to do something) mistakes. 语法知识点2—情态动词should与could的用法： 1.情态动词should含义及用法： 情态动词should后接动词原形，表示建议；否定形式为should not/shouldn’t，表示“不应当；不该”。 eg：We shouldn't climb mountains alone. 我们不应该独自爬山。 例1：选择题： — How often ________ I stop to look at something far away when using the mobile phone? — Every 20 minutes. A．did B．should C．dare D. must 例2：选择题： You ________ eat too much sweet food, or you will have a toothache. A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 2.情态动词could含义及用法： 情态动词could表示可以，用于提建议时，语气比can更委婉 eg：You could drink some water with honey. 你可以喝些蜂蜜水。 例：选择题： You ________ ask your teacher for help if you don’t understand the problem. A．could B．must C．needn’t D．can’t 3.情态动词should与could的比较： 与could相比，should提建议的语气相对更直接、更强烈，常带有一种责任或义务感；could语气更温和，更侧重于给出一种可行的选择 eg：You should brush your teeth twice a day. 你应该每天刷两次牙。 If you feel tired, you could take a short break. 如果你觉得累了，可以休息一小会儿。 例：选择题： If you want to keep healthy, you ________ stay up late very often. A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．need 语法知识点3—反身代词的用法： 反身代词表示“……自己；本身”，在第一人称、第二人称的形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词宾格形式的词尾加-self或-selves，具体用法如下： 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 Myself 我自己 Yourself 你自己 himself他自己 herself她自己 itself它自己 复数 Ourselves 我们自己 Yourselves 你们自己 Themselves 他/她/它们自己 例1：选择题： We don’t need to push ________ too hard. It’s very important to balance study and rest. A．yourself B．ourselves C．himself D．themselves 例2：用所给词的适当形式填空： Let me ________ (introduce) ________ (I) on the first day. 例3：句子改错：找出句中的错误并改正，再将正确的句子写在横线上 The girl is too young to look after her. 练 习 一、单项选择题： 1.Our English teacher is patient enough ________ much time ________ grammar rules to us. A．spend; explaining B．spending; explaining C．to spend; explaining D．to spend; explain 2.He should have a break ________ his eyes. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protects 3.Lucy had few close friends. So she didn’t know ________ the trouble. A．who to talk to about B．who to talk C．who to say about D．what to talk 4.—Must I take the medicine now? —No, you ________. It’s only for adults. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 5.________ the people locked inside, the firemen broke the door down. A．Reach B．To reach C．Reaching D. For reaching 6.You ______ eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your health. A．shouldn’t B．could C．should D．couldn’t 7.The monkey hid ______ behind the big tree. A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 8.You look really tired. You ________ stay up too late at night. A．should B．can C．shouldn’t D．may 9.If you have a chat with him more patiently, you will get ________ more about him. A．to learn B．learned C．learn D．learning 10.—What’s your plan for the summer vacation? —I want ________ to the community to help those in need. A．go B．going C．to go D．went 11.It’s important for teenagers ________ a balance between study and play. A．keep B．keeping C．to keep D．kept 12.Tony often makes his sister_______, but this time his sister was made ________ by Tony. A．cry; cry B．crying; crying C．to cry; cry D．cry; to cry 13.The boss made the workers ________ for 12 hours a day. A．work B．to work C．working D．worked 14.—Andy warned us ________ careful with our wallets while going on a trip. —Well, he had a point. We should avoid ________ too much money with us. A．to be; bringing B．being; bringing C．to be; bring D．be ; to bring 15.The doctor told me to ________ down and rest for three days. A．lie B．lay C．laid D．lying 二、翻译题： 16.我们喜欢它因为它很有趣。 17.更重要的是，我们应该更加重视我们的学习。(more importantly) 18.我经常吹长笛来放松自己。 19.我喜欢看功夫电影来放松。               20.适当的放松能帮助我们更好地学习。 21.我父母不允许我在上学日晚上晚归。 22.我发现在空余时间读不同种类的书很有趣。 (find it fun to do...) 23.每天散步是减轻压力的好方法。(reduce stress)   24.我没有足够的钱给我妈买个新手表。 25.我父母想去凉爽的地方度假。 三、改错题： 26.They sometimes eat sandwichs for lunch. 改为 27．Annie can’t swim and I can’t, too. 改为 28．The new bike may belong to his. 改为 29．The father often makes his son to run in the morning. 改为 30．What’s the weather in Harbin? 改为 31．He wanted to do it hisself. 改为 32．You could to finish your homework first. 改为 33．We should went home earlier. 改为 34．They can’t do it by themself. 改为 35．He suggest that we should do more exercise. 改为 四、语法选择题： 第一篇： My favourite free-time activity is horse riding. I 36 when I was six years old. My grandfather took me to his farm and let me 37 a horse for the first time. It was such an amazing experience that I fell in love with it at once. Now I go horse riding every weekend. I enjoy 38 in nature and the feeling of freedom. Horse riding also helps me 39 fit. But most importantly, it lets me 40 time with my horse, Nini. She is my best friend. She is always happy 41 me, especially when I bring her carrots. I find it fun 42 her and watch her eat. I feel really lucky 43 her in my life. This activity 44 me happy and relaxed. I hope I can 45 horse riding for a long time. 36．A．start B．started C．to start 37．A．ride B．to ride C．riding 38．A．be B．to be C．being 39．A．stay B．to stay C．staying 40．A．spend B．to spend C．spending 41．A．see B．to see C．seeing 42．A．feed B．to feed C．feeding 43．A．have B．to have C．having 44．A．make B．makes C．made 45．A．keep B．to keep C．keeping 第二篇： Teng Fei loves outdoor activities. He and his family often spend weekends together. Last Saturday, the family 46 hiking. On their way back home, they saw 47 small tea house. It was warm and quiet, with many green 48 by the window. They walked in and ordered jasmine tea and some sweet cakes. The tea 49 in beautiful cups. Teng Fei and his parents had fun listening to the soft music there and tasting the nice tea. While they were drinking tea, Teng Fei’s sister was drawing pictures happily. Teng Fei talked 50 his school life with his parents. He thought 51 enjoyable it was to spend time with his family. “What a lovely day!” said Teng Fei. “Yeah, during the visit here, we can truly relax 52 ,” said Teng Fei’s parents. “This is the 53 day I’ve ever had!” said Teng Fei’s sister. When they left, everyone felt 54 . The visit to the tea house made their weekend more colorful and the whole family decided 55 the tea house again in the coming days. 46．A．go B．goes C．went 47．A．a B．an C．the 48．A．plant B．plants C．plant’s 49．A．serves B．was served C．has served 50．A．of B．to C．about 51．A．how B．what C．whether 52．A．we B．us C．ourselves 53．A．good B．better C．best 54．A．relax B．relaxed C．relaxing 55．A．visiting B．to visit C．visited 第三篇： I started to swim ten years ago. I still remember the day when I first went to the pool. I was so afraid. My parents were in the water and they encouraged me 56 them. They said it was easy to learn! And I got in and kicked wildly (乱 踢 ) 57 the water. Soon after, to my surprise, I 58 swim. I was so happy that day. Later, my parents taught 59 different swimming styles, such as freestyle, butterfly, and so on. 60 I learnt those, I always wanted to be in the pool. Swimming is surely one of the best hobbies, especially for children. It lets 61 arms and legs grow quickly. It also makes them grow taller. I’m 62 tallest in my class. I think swimming is good for my studies. After swimming, I’m able to do much 63 in class. Maths used to be a 64 subject for me, but now it’s my favourite. I also won many prizes in a lot of swimming competitions. And in the future, I believe more children 65 more time doing sport like swimming. Swimming is really an interesting choice for them. 56．A．join B．to join C．joining 57．A．in B．at C．with 58．A．should B．must C．could 59．A．I B．me C．my 60．A．After B．When C．If 61．A．child B．children C．children’s 62．A．a B．an C．the 63．A．well B．better C．best 64．A．difficult B．difficulty C．difficultly 65．A．spend B．spent C．will spend 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $