第05讲 （人教版选择性必修第二册）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦选择性必修二词汇，通过基础拼写、语境应用及语篇综合训练，构建词汇从认知到运用的递进式巩固体系，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完成句子（汉语提示）|35题|直接考查词汇拼写与形式转换|覆盖核心名词、动词等，强化基础词汇记忆| |完成句子（首字母提示）|35题|语境中词汇应用，需结合语义推断|衔接词汇与语境，培养词汇灵活运用能力| |完形填空|15题|语篇中词汇辨析与语境理解|通过叙事文本考查词汇在语篇中的准确运用| |语法填空|10题|语篇中词汇语法综合运用|融合词汇与语法，提升语言知识综合应用能力|

选择性必修二词汇综合检测 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 第一部分（完成句子 共70分） 一、根据括号内汉语提示，用适当的形式完成句子。（共35小题，每小题1分，共35分。） 1．The disease caused severe __________ (腹泻) and dehydration, leading to many deaths. 2．The medical team worked around the clock to control the __________ (感染) from spreading further. 3．Many people __________ (赞同) the view that prevention is better than cure. 4．The scientist provided solid __________ (证据) to support his theory about the cause of the disease. 5．The government installed new water __________ (泵) to provide clean water to the village. 6．The entire __________ (一家人) was affected by the outbreak of the disease. 7．The doctor was __________ (怀疑) that the water supply might be the source of the illness. 8．It is unfair to __________ (把……归咎于) others for your own mistakes. 9．The manager knows how to __________ (处理) difficult situations with patience and wisdom. 10．Early medical __________ (干预) can significantly increase the survival rate of patients. 11．Scientists have established a clear __________ (联系) between smoking and lung cancer. 12．The __________ (未煮过的) meat contained harmful bacteria that caused food poisoning. 13．The company provided __________ (纯净的) drinking water for all employees. 14．There has been a __________ (大量的) decrease in the number of deaths from malaria. 15．The government took effective measures to __________ (降低) the pollution levels in the city. 16．__________ (由于) the new vaccine, the disease has been almost completely eliminated. 17．The __________ (统计数字) show that more people are living longer and healthier lives. 18．The discovery of penicillin completely __________ (改变) the treatment of bacterial infections. 19．Under the __________ (显微镜), the scientist observed the movement of the bacteria. 20．The initial __________ (发现) suggested that the new drug was effective against the virus. 21．The __________ (最初的) results of the experiment were promising but needed further confirmation. 22．The new __________ (疫苗) is expected to be available to the public next year. 23．The scientist provided a __________ (可靠的) framework for future research in the field. 24．The __________ (机械的) engineer designed a new type of engine for the aircraft. 25．The __________ (机械师) spent hours repairing the broken engine. 26．A fire __________ (突然开始) in the laboratory, causing significant damage. 27．The army was ready to __________ (保卫) the country against any external threat. 28．The __________ (喷气式飞机) flew at an astonishing speed across the sky. 29．She worked as an __________ (助理) to the famous professor for three years. 30．Who will be __________ (主管) of the research project after the director retires? 31．The country invested heavily in __________ (导弹) development for national security. 32．Under the wise __________ (领导) of the chief scientist, the team achieved great success. 33．Historians can __________ (追溯) the origins of the disease back to ancient times. 34．He is an __________ (优秀的) scientist who has made significant contributions to the field. 35．The __________ (有天赋的) young researcher won the national science award at a very young age. 二、根据首字母提示完成句子。（共35小题，每小题1分，共35分。） 36．The two reports gave c__________ views on the cause of the accident. 37．After a week of rest, her s__________ condition showed significant improvement. 38．The doctor recommended a m__________ of rest and medication for a speedy recovery. 39．She felt f__________ when her research results did not match her expectations. 40．The scientist decided to s__________ to the theory that the disease was caused by a virus. 41．The i__________ of the wound required immediate medical attention to prevent it from spreading. 42．The scientist made a g__________ discovery that changed the way we understand the disease. 43．The laboratory purchased several new m__________ for conducting advanced research. 44．The researcher's t__________ led to a breakthrough in the understanding of the disease. 45．The scientist's p__________ research laid the foundation for future discoveries in the field. 46．The new drug has a s__________ impact on reducing the symptoms of the disease. 47．The water from the well looked p__________ and safe to drink. 48．The team made a s__________ contribution to the fight against the epidemic. 49．The number of cases has d__________ significantly since the vaccine was introduced. 50．The scientist made an important f__________ about the behavior of the virus. 51．The government launched a national c__________ to promote healthy eating habits. 52．The chef prepared a d__________ three-course meal for the guests. 53．The restaurant serves a v__________ of traditional dishes from different regions. 54．The dish is made with fresh l__________ and vegetables. 55．The soup was too s__________, so she added more water to dilute it. 56．The cake was d__________ with chocolate and fresh fruit. 57．The new restaurant has an e__________ menu that combines different culinary traditions. 58．The chef used a s__________ of herbs to enhance the flavor of the dish. 59．She was on a strict d__________ to lose weight before her wedding. 60．The Mediterranean d__________ is considered one of the healthiest in the world. 61．The r__________ for this traditional dish has been passed down for generations. 62．It was a b__________ decision to open a restaurant during the economic crisis. 63．The a__________ of this dish is unique to the region where it originated. 64．The chef d__________ a new dish that became an instant hit with customers. 65．The restaurant offers a wide s__________ of wines to accompany your meal. 66．The p__________ of vegetables in the dish can be adjusted according to your taste. 67．The restaurant is famous for its f__________ dining experience and excellent service. 68．She decided to become a v__________ after learning about animal welfare issues. 69．The chef advised us not to eat too much j__________ food for health reasons. 70．The restaurant uses only high-quality i__________ in all its dishes. 第二部分（完形填空 共15分） 三、本题共15小题，每小1分，共10分。根据题意，在设空处填写适当的单词或填写括号内单词的适当形式。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mother was the most horrible cook, unbelievably bad at it. Her problem was the lack of ____71____ — far from being bad, she thought she was ____72____. But underneath that, it was a set of misunderstandings, any one of which would have been enough to make you ____73____ to eat at her house. She thought everything could be ____74____ by a dried apricot (杏). She was extremely experimental but ignored basic ____75____. So when she died earlier this year, I ____76____ many things would make me ____77____ her, but none of the things would be edible (可食用的). The only ____78____ thought I could have would be: “Thank God. I never have to eat that peanut soup again, which had an apricot in it.” And I have to talk about her apple tree. It’s just a ____79____ tree, but it produces enough apples to ____80____ an army over a mountain. For three months of every year, I could never go and see her without her saying, “Please take some apples,” and handing me a huge basket. I would say, “No, nobody in my ____81____ likes apples and I don’t even like ____82____.” and she’d go, “How about just these 37 apples at the top?”, and I’d go, “No.” Of course, this autumn, I’ve been ____83____ by the need to finish them all. I’ve made a lot of things with apples, and I’ve eaten vast amounts of food that are apple-associated. As the ____84____ draws to a close, I can’t ____85____ enough: eat your mother’s apples while she’s still alive. They’re quite tasty. 71. A. self-discipline B. self-knowledge C. self-respect D. self-pity 72. A. responsible B. elegant C. attractive D. brilliant 73. A. rush B. hate C. need D. expect 74. A. lifted B. ruined C. created D. saved 75. A. manners B. principles C. services D. tools 76. A. boasted B. worried C. figured D. criticized 77. A. think of B. come across C. argue with D. call upon 78. A. food-related B. time-honored C. well-intentioned D. good-natured 79. A. huge B. tough C. regular D. beautiful 80. A. follow B. power C. defeat D. establish 81. A. company B. school C. town D. family 82. A. treats B. candy C. cuisines D. fruit 83. A. spared B. interrupted C. possessed D. rejected 84. A. season B. project C. celebration D. festival 85. A. care B. respect C. stress D. laugh 第三部分（语法填空 共15分） 四、本题共10小题，每小1.5分，共15分。 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bent over a bright vase of pink peonies (牡丹), a young craftsman guided his painting tool in patient and practiced circles at a factory in Beijing, ____86____ (breathe) new life into China’s cloisonné (掐丝珐琅) tradition. The art, dating from the Yuan Dynasty, is ____87____ (quiet) evolving through the hands of young artists who bring fresh ideas to an ancient craft. “Cloisonné has always been about ____88____ (adapt),” said Zhong Liansheng, chief craft artist at the factory. Under his guidance, well-designed ____89____ (symbol) and fine craftsmanship have helped cloisonné bridge traditional and modern styles. In recent years, cloisonné pieces have been chosen as national gifts at major diplomatic (外交) events. It reflects both artistic excellence and ____90____ (culture) confidence. The craft’s rising appeal is part of a broader rejuvenation of traditional skills across China, ____91____ has been promoted by national policy. This includes guidelines that ____92____ (issue) in 2017, calling for the preservation of heritage and the integration of traditional culture into daily life. Fueled by government support that enables a new generation ____93____ (explore) living heritage, traditional crafts are entering a new stage of prosperity. The impact is visible nationwide: more than 11,000 workshops have been established, safeguarding traditional crafts while also creating jobs ____94____ strengthening local communities. As of March this year, the number of national-level heritage guardians had amounted ____95____ nearly 4,000. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选择性必修二词汇综合检测 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分） 第一部分（完成句子 共70分） 一、根据括号内汉语提示，用适当的形式完成句子。（共35小题，每小题1分，共35分。） 1．The disease caused severe __________ (腹泻) and dehydration, leading to many deaths. 2．The medical team worked around the clock to control the __________ (感染) from spreading further. 3．Many people __________ (赞同) the view that prevention is better than cure. 4．The scientist provided solid __________ (证据) to support his theory about the cause of the disease. 5．The government installed new water __________ (泵) to provide clean water to the village. 6．The entire __________ (一家人) was affected by the outbreak of the disease. 7．The doctor was __________ (怀疑) that the water supply might be the source of the illness. 8．It is unfair to __________ (把……归咎于) others for your own mistakes. 9．The manager knows how to __________ (处理) difficult situations with patience and wisdom. 10．Early medical __________ (干预) can significantly increase the survival rate of patients. 11．Scientists have established a clear __________ (联系) between smoking and lung cancer. 12．The __________ (未煮过的) meat contained harmful bacteria that caused food poisoning. 13．The company provided __________ (纯净的) drinking water for all employees. 14．There has been a __________ (大量的) decrease in the number of deaths from malaria. 15．The government took effective measures to __________ (降低) the pollution levels in the city. 16．__________ (由于) the new vaccine, the disease has been almost completely eliminated. 17．The __________ (统计数字) show that more people are living longer and healthier lives. 18．The discovery of penicillin completely __________ (改变) the treatment of bacterial infections. 19．Under the __________ (显微镜), the scientist observed the movement of the bacteria. 20．The initial __________ (发现) suggested that the new drug was effective against the virus. 21．The __________ (最初的) results of the experiment were promising but needed further confirmation. 22．The new __________ (疫苗) is expected to be available to the public next year. 23．The scientist provided a __________ (可靠的) framework for future research in the field. 24．The __________ (机械的) engineer designed a new type of engine for the aircraft. 25．The __________ (机械师) spent hours repairing the broken engine. 26．A fire __________ (突然开始) in the laboratory, causing significant damage. 27．The army was ready to __________ (保卫) the country against any external threat. 28．The __________ (喷气式飞机) flew at an astonishing speed across the sky. 29．She worked as an __________ (助理) to the famous professor for three years. 30．Who will be __________ (主管) of the research project after the director retires? 31．The country invested heavily in __________ (导弹) development for national security. 32．Under the wise __________ (领导) of the chief scientist, the team achieved great success. 33．Historians can __________ (追溯) the origins of the disease back to ancient times. 34．He is an __________ (优秀的) scientist who has made significant contributions to the field. 35．The __________ (有天赋的) young researcher won the national science award at a very young age. 二、根据首字母提示完成句子。（共35小题，每小题1分，共35分。） 36．The two reports gave c__________ views on the cause of the accident. 37．After a week of rest, her s__________ condition showed significant improvement. 38．The doctor recommended a m__________ of rest and medication for a speedy recovery. 39．She felt f__________ when her research results did not match her expectations. 40．The scientist decided to s__________ to the theory that the disease was caused by a virus. 41．The i__________ of the wound required immediate medical attention to prevent it from spreading. 42．The scientist made a g__________ discovery that changed the way we understand the disease. 43．The laboratory purchased several new m__________ for conducting advanced research. 44．The researcher's t__________ led to a breakthrough in the understanding of the disease. 45．The scientist's p__________ research laid the foundation for future discoveries in the field. 46．The new drug has a s__________ impact on reducing the symptoms of the disease. 47．The water from the well looked p__________ and safe to drink. 48．The team made a s__________ contribution to the fight against the epidemic. 49．The number of cases has d__________ significantly since the vaccine was introduced. 50．The scientist made an important f__________ about the behavior of the virus. 51．The government launched a national c__________ to promote healthy eating habits. 52．The chef prepared a d__________ three-course meal for the guests. 53．The restaurant serves a v__________ of traditional dishes from different regions. 54．The dish is made with fresh l__________ and vegetables. 55．The soup was too s__________, so she added more water to dilute it. 56．The cake was d__________ with chocolate and fresh fruit. 57．The new restaurant has an e__________ menu that combines different culinary traditions. 58．The chef used a s__________ of herbs to enhance the flavor of the dish. 59．She was on a strict d__________ to lose weight before her wedding. 60．The Mediterranean d__________ is considered one of the healthiest in the world. 61．The r__________ for this traditional dish has been passed down for generations. 62．It was a b__________ decision to open a restaurant during the economic crisis. 63．The a__________ of this dish is unique to the region where it originated. 64．The chef d__________ a new dish that became an instant hit with customers. 65．The restaurant offers a wide s__________ of wines to accompany your meal. 66．The p__________ of vegetables in the dish can be adjusted according to your taste. 67．The restaurant is famous for its f__________ dining experience and excellent service. 68．She decided to become a v__________ after learning about animal welfare issues. 69．The chef advised us not to eat too much j__________ food for health reasons. 70．The restaurant uses only high-quality i__________ in all its dishes. 一、根据括号内汉语提示完成句子 1．【答案】diarrhoea 【详解】考查名词。句意：这种疾病引起严重的腹泻和脱水，导致许多人死亡。设空处作宾语，表示“腹泻”用diarrhoea。diarrhoea来自Unit 1。故填diarrhoea。 2．【答案】infection 【详解】考查名词。句意：医疗队夜以继日地工作以控制感染进一步蔓延。设空处作宾语，表示“感染”用infection。infection来自Unit 1。故填infection。 3．【答案】subscribed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：许多人赞同预防胜于治疗的观点。设空处作谓语，表示“赞同”用subscribe to，描述一般情况用一般过去时subscribed。subscribe from Unit 1。故填subscribed。 4．【答案】proof 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位科学家提供了确凿的证据来支持他关于疾病原因的理论。设空处作宾语，表示“证据”用proof。proof来自Unit 1。故填proof。 5．【答案】pumps 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：政府安装了新的水泵为村庄提供干净的水。设空处作宾语，表示“泵”用pump，结合语境用复数形式pumps。pump来自Unit 1。故填pumps。 6．【答案】household 【详解】考查名词。句意：整个家庭都受到了疾病爆发的影响。设空处作主语，表示“一家人”用household。household来自Unit 1。故填household。 7．【答案】suspected 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：医生怀疑供水可能是疾病的来源。设空处作谓语，表示“怀疑”用suspect，描述过去情况用一般过去时suspected。suspect来自Unit 1。故填suspected。 8．【答案】blame 【详解】考查动词。句意：因自己的错误而责怪他人是不公平的。设空处跟在It is unfair to后，表示“把……归咎于”用动词原形blame。blame来自Unit 1。故填blame。 9．【答案】handle 【详解】考查动词。句意：经理知道如何以耐心和智慧处理困难情况。设空处跟在knows how to后，表示“处理”用动词原形handle。handle来自Unit 1。故填handle。 10．【答案】intervention 【详解】考查名词。句意：早期医疗干预可以显著提高患者的存活率。设空处作主语，表示“介入”用intervention。intervention来自Unit 1。故填intervention。 11．【答案】link 【详解】考查名词。句意：科学家们已经确定了吸烟与肺癌之间的明确联系。设空处作宾语，表示“联系”用link。link来自Unit 1。故填link。 12．【答案】raw 【详解】考查形容词。句意：未煮熟的肉含有有害细菌，导致了食物中毒。设空处修饰meat，表示“未煮熟的”用形容词raw。raw来自Unit 1。故填raw。 13．【答案】pure 【详解】考查形容词。句意：公司为所有员工提供了纯净的饮用水。设空处修饰water，表示“纯净的”用形容词pure。pure来自Unit 1。故填pure。 14．【答案】substantial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：疟疾死亡人数已大幅减少。设空处修饰decrease，表示“大量的”用形容词substantial。substantial来自Unit 1。故填substantial。 15．【答案】decrease 【详解】考查动词。句意：政府采取了有效措施来降低城市的污染水平。设空处跟在to后，表示“降低”用动词原形decrease。decrease来自Unit 1。故填decrease。 16．【答案】Thanks to 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：由于新疫苗，这种疾病几乎被完全消灭了。设空处表示“由于”用Thanks to，首字母大写。thanks to来自Unit 1。故填Thanks to。 17．【答案】statistics 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：统计数据显示，越来越多的人活得更长、更健康。设空处作主语，表示“统计数字”用statistic，结合show可知用复数形式statistics。statistic来自Unit 1。故填statistics。 18．【答案】transformed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：青霉素的发现彻底改变了细菌感染的治疗方法。设空处作谓语，表示“改变”用transform，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时transformed。transform来自Unit 1。故填transformed。 19．【答案】microscope 【详解】考查名词。句意：在显微镜下，科学家观察到了细菌的运动。设空处作宾语，表示“显微镜”用microscope。microscope来自Unit 1。故填microscope。 20．【答案】findings 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：最初的发现表明这种新药对抗病毒有效。设空处作主语，表示“发现”用finding，结合语境用复数形式findings。finding来自Unit 1。故填findings。 21．【答案】initial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：实验的最初结果很有希望，但需要进一步确认。设空处修饰results，表示“最初的”用形容词initial。initial来自Unit 1。故填initial。 22．【答案】vaccine 【详解】考查名词。句意：新疫苗预计将于明年向公众开放。设空处作主语，表示“疫苗”用vaccine。vaccine来自Unit 1。故填vaccine。 23．【答案】solid 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位科学家为该领域的未来研究提供了可靠的框架。设空处修饰framework，表示“可靠的”用形容词solid。solid来自Unit 1。故填solid。 24．【答案】mechanical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：机械工程师为飞机设计了一种新型发动机。设空处修饰engineer，表示“机械的”用形容词mechanical。mechanical来自Unit 1。故填mechanical。 25．【答案】mechanic 【详解】考查名词。句意：机械师花了几个小时修理坏了的发动机。设空处作主语，表示“机械师”用mechanic。mechanic来自Unit 1。故填mechanic。 26．【答案】broke out 【详解】考查动词短语时态。句意：实验室突然发生火灾，造成了严重的损失。设空处作谓语，表示“突然开始”用break out，描述过去用一般过去时broke out。break out来自Unit 1。故填broke out。 27．【答案】defend 【详解】考查动词。句意：军队准备保卫国家免受任何外部威胁。设空处跟在was ready to后，表示“保卫”用动词原形defend。defend来自Unit 1。故填defend。 28．【答案】jet 【详解】考查名词。句意：喷气式飞机以惊人的速度飞过天空。设空处作主语，表示“喷气式飞机”用jet。jet来自Unit 1。故填jet。 29．【答案】assistant 【详解】考查名词。句意：她给那位著名教授做了三年的助理。设空处作宾语，表示“助理”用assistant。assistant来自Unit 1。故填assistant。 30．【答案】in charge 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：主任退休后，谁将主管这个研究项目？设空处构成短语be in charge of，表示“主管”，用in charge。in charge of来自Unit 1。故填in charge。 31．【答案】missiles 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：该国为国家安全在导弹开发上投入了大量资金。设空处作宾语，表示“导弹”用missile，结合语境用复数形式missiles。missile来自Unit 1。故填missiles。 32．【答案】leadership 【详解】考查名词。句意：在首席科学家的英明领导下，团队取得了巨大成功。设空处作宾语，表示“领导”用leadership。leadership来自Unit 1。故填leadership。 33．【答案】trace 【详解】考查动词。句意：历史学家可以将这种疾病的起源追溯到古代。设空处跟在can后，表示“追溯”用动词原形trace。trace来自Unit 1。故填trace。 34．【答案】outstanding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一位杰出的科学家，对该领域做出了重大贡献。设空处修饰scientist，表示“优秀的”用形容词outstanding。outstanding来自Unit 1。故填outstanding。 35．【答案】gifted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位有天赋的年轻研究人员在很年轻的时候就获得了国家科学奖。设空处修饰researcher，表示“有天赋的”用形容词gifted。gifted来自Unit 1。故填gifted。 二、根据首字母提示完成句子 36．【答案】contradictory 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这两份报告对事故原因提出了相互矛盾的观点。设空处修饰views，表示“相互矛盾的”以c开头，用形容词contradictory。contradictory来自Unit 1。故填contradictory。 37．【答案】severe 【详解】考查形容词。句意：经过一周的休息，她严重的病情有了明显好转。设空处修饰condition，表示“严重的”以s开头，用形容词severe。severe来自Unit 1。故填severe。 38．【答案】multiple 【详解】考查形容词。句意：医生建议采取多种休息和药物治疗相结合的方式以促进快速康复。设空处修饰rest and medication，表示“多重的”以m开头，用形容词multiple。multiple来自Unit 1。故填multiple。 39．【答案】frustrated 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当她的研究结果与预期不符时，她感到懊恼。设空处作表语，表示“懊恼的”以f开头，用形容词frustrated。frustrated来自Unit 1。故填frustrated。 40．【答案】subscribe 【详解】考查动词。句意：这位科学家决定赞同那种认为疾病是由病毒引起的理论。设空处跟在decided to后，表示“赞同”以s开头，用动词原形subscribe，构成subscribe to。subscribe来自Unit 1。故填subscribe。 41．【答案】infection 【详解】考查名词。句意：伤口的感染需要立即就医以防止其扩散。设空处作主语，表示“感染”以i开头，用名词infection。infection来自Unit 1。故填infection。 42．【答案】groundbreaking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位科学家做出了一项突破性的发现，改变了我们理解这种疾病的方式。设空处修饰discovery，表示“突破性的”以g开头，用形容词groundbreaking。groundbreaking来自Unit 1。故填groundbreaking。 43．【答案】microscopes 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：实验室购买了几台新的显微镜用于进行高级研究。设空处作宾语，表示“显微镜”以m开头，结合several可知用名词复数microscopes。microscope来自Unit 1。故填microscopes。 44．【答案】thinking 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位研究人员的想法使人们对这种疾病的理解取得了突破。设空处作主语，表示“思想”以t开头，用名词thinking。thinking来自Unit 1。故填thinking。 45．【答案】initial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位科学家的初步研究为该领域的未来发现奠定了基础。设空处修饰research，表示“最初的”以i开头，用形容词initial。initial来自Unit 1。故填initial。 46．【答案】substantial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这种新药对减轻疾病症状有显著效果。设空处修饰impact，表示“显著的”以s开头，用形容词substantial。substantial来自Unit 1。故填substantial。 47．【答案】pure 【详解】考查形容词。句意：井里的水看起来很纯净，可以安全饮用。设空处作表语，表示“纯净的”以p开头，用形容词pure。pure来自Unit 1。故填pure。 48．【答案】substantial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：该团队为抗击流行病做出了重大贡献。设空处修饰contribution，表示“重大的”以s开头，用形容词substantial。substantial来自Unit 1。故填substantial。 49．【答案】decreased 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从疫苗引入以来，病例数量已显著减少。设空处作谓语，表示“减少”以d开头，根据since可知用现在完成时decreased。decrease来自Unit 1。故填decreased。 50．【答案】finding 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位科学家关于病毒行为有了一个重要发现。设空处作宾语，表示“发现”以f开头，用名词finding。finding来自Unit 1。故填finding。 51．【答案】campaign 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府发起了一场全国性的运动来推广健康饮食习惯。设空处作宾语，表示“运动”以c开头，用名词campaign。campaign来自Unit 1。故填campaign。 52．【答案】delicious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：厨师为客人准备了一顿美味的三道菜大餐。设空处修饰meal，表示“美味的”以d开头，用形容词delicious。delicious来自Unit 1。故填delicious。 53．【答案】variety 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家餐厅供应来自不同地区的各种传统菜肴。设空处构成短语a variety of，表示“各种各样的”以v开头，用名词variety。variety来自Unit 1。故填variety。 54．【答案】lamb 【详解】考查名词。句意：这道菜是用新鲜的羊肉和蔬菜做成的。设空处作宾语，表示“羔羊肉”以l开头，用名词lamb。lamb来自Unit 3。故填lamb。 55．【答案】salty 【详解】考查形容词。句意：汤太咸了，所以她加了更多的水来稀释。设空处作表语，表示“咸的”以s开头，用形容词salty。salty来自Unit 5。故填salty。 56．【答案】decorated 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：蛋糕上装饰着巧克力和新鲜水果。设空处作谓语，表示“装饰”以d开头，主语cake与decorate之间为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态was decorated。decorate来自Unit 1。故填decorated。 57．【答案】exceptional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这家新餐厅有一份非凡的菜单，融合了不同的烹饪传统。设空处修饰menu，表示“非凡的”以e开头，用形容词exceptional。exceptional来自Unit 3。故填exceptional。 58．【答案】selection 【详解】考查名词。句意：厨师用精选的香草来增强这道菜的风味。设空处作宾语，表示“精选”以s开头，用名词selection。selection来自Unit 3。故填selection。 59．【答案】diet 【详解】考查名词。句意：婚礼前她正在严格节食减肥。设空处作宾语，表示“节食”以d开头，用名词diet。diet来自Unit 3。故填diet。 60．【答案】diet 【详解】考查名词。句意：地中海饮食被认为是世界上最健康的饮食之一。设空处作主语，表示“饮食”以d开头，用名词diet。diet来自Unit 3。故填diet。 61．【答案】recipe 【详解】考查名词。句意：这道传统菜肴的食谱已经代代相传。设空处作主语，表示“食谱”以r开头，用名词recipe。recipe来自Unit 3。故填recipe。 62．【答案】bold 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在经济危机期间开餐馆是一个大胆的决定。设空处修饰decision，表示“大胆的”以b开头，用形容词bold。bold来自Unit 3。故填bold。 63．【答案】appeal 【详解】考查名词。句意：这道菜的吸引力在于它独特的起源地。设空处作主语，表示“吸引力”以a开头，用名词appeal。appeal来自Unit 3。故填appeal。 64．【答案】created 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：厨师创造了一道新菜，立即受到了顾客的欢迎。设空处作谓语，表示“创造”以c开头，描述过去用一般过去时created。create来自Unit 3。故填created。 65．【答案】selection 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家餐厅提供多种葡萄酒供您佐餐。设空处作宾语，表示“选择”以s开头，用名词selection。selection来自Unit 3。故填selection。 66．【答案】proportion 【详解】考查名词。句意：这道菜中蔬菜的比例可以根据你的口味调整。设空处作主语，表示“比例”以p开头，用名词proportion。proportion来自Unit 3。故填proportion。 67．【答案】fine 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这家餐厅以其精致的用餐体验和优质的服务而闻名。设空处修饰dining experience，表示“精致的”以f开头，用形容词fine。fine来自Unit 3。故填fine。 68．【答案】vegetarian 【详解】考查名词。句意：在了解动物福利问题后，她决定成为一名素食者。设空处作宾语，表示“素食者”以v开头，用名词vegetarian。vegetarian来自Unit 3。故填vegetarian。 69．【答案】junk 【详解】考查名词。句意：厨师建议我们为了健康不要吃太多垃圾食品。设空处修饰food，表示“垃圾”以j开头，用名词junk，构成junk food。junk来自Unit 3。故填junk。 70．【答案】ingredients 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这家餐厅所有菜肴都使用高质量的食材。设空处作宾语，表示“成分”以i开头，用名词复数ingredients。ingredient来自Unit 3。故填ingredients。 第二部分（完形填空 共15分） 三、本题共15小题，每小1分，共10分。根据题意，在设空处填写适当的单词或填写括号内单词的适当形式。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My mother was the most horrible cook, unbelievably bad at it. Her problem was the lack of ____71____ — far from being bad, she thought she was ____72____. But underneath that, it was a set of misunderstandings, any one of which would have been enough to make you ____73____ to eat at her house. She thought everything could be ____74____ by a dried apricot (杏). She was extremely experimental but ignored basic ____75____. So when she died earlier this year, I ____76____ many things would make me ____77____ her, but none of the things would be edible (可食用的). The only ____78____ thought I could have would be: “Thank God. I never have to eat that peanut soup again, which had an apricot in it.” And I have to talk about her apple tree. It’s just a ____79____ tree, but it produces enough apples to ____80____ an army over a mountain. For three months of every year, I could never go and see her without her saying, “Please take some apples,” and handing me a huge basket. I would say, “No, nobody in my ____81____ likes apples and I don’t even like ____82____.” and she’d go, “How about just these 37 apples at the top?”, and I’d go, “No.” Of course, this autumn, I’ve been ____83____ by the need to finish them all. I’ve made a lot of things with apples, and I’ve eaten vast amounts of food that are apple-associated. As the ____84____ draws to a close, I can’t ____85____ enough: eat your mother’s apples while she’s still alive. They’re quite tasty. 71. A. self-discipline B. self-knowledge C. self-respect D. self-pity 72. A. responsible B. elegant C. attractive D. brilliant 73. A. rush B. hate C. need D. expect 74. A. lifted B. ruined C. created D. saved 75. A. manners B. principles C. services D. tools 76. A. boasted B. worried C. figured D. criticized 77. A. think of B. come across C. argue with D. call upon 78. A. food-related B. time-honored C. well-intentioned D. good-natured 79. A. huge B. tough C. regular D. beautiful 80. A. follow B. power C. defeat D. establish 81. A. company B. school C. town D. family 82. A. treats B. candy C. cuisines D. fruit 83. A. spared B. interrupted C. possessed D. rejected 84. A. season B. project C. celebration D. festival 85. A. care B. respect C. stress D. laugh 【答案】71. B 72. D 73. B 74. A 75. B 76. C 77. A 78. A 79. C 80. B 81. D 82. D 83. C 84. A 85. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者以幽默又深情的笔触回忆了母亲厨艺糟糕，但她却自认厨艺精湛，重点描绘了母亲每年强迫“我”带走大量苹果的往事。母亲去世后的这个秋天，“我”独自处理这些苹果时，才深切体会到那些苹果背后是母亲笨拙却满满的爱，从而领悟到要珍惜母亲在世时的点滴。 71. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的问题在于缺乏自知之明——她不仅不认为自己差劲，反而觉得自己聪明绝顶。A. self-discipline自律；B. self-knowledge自知之明；C. self-respect自尊；D. self-pity自怜。根据后文“far from being bad, she thought she was ____ .”可知，母亲认为自己并不差劲，对自己的厨艺没有正确的认知，即缺乏“自知之明”。故选B项。 72. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的问题在于缺乏自知之明——她不仅不认为自己差劲，反而觉得自己聪明绝顶。A. responsible负责任的；B. elegant优雅的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. brilliant出色的。根据前文“far from being bad”和后文“misunderstandings”可知，她对自身厨艺认知错误，自认为厨艺“出色”。故选D项。 73. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在这表象之下，是一连串的误解，其中任何一个都足以让你讨厌在她家吃饭。A. rush冲；B. hate讨厌；C. need需要；D. expect期望。根据前文作者说母亲是“the most horrible cook”以及后文提到她那些奇怪的烹饪理念可知，她的厨艺会让人“讨厌”去她家吃饭。故选B项。 74. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她认为任何东西都可以被一个干杏子提升。A. lifted提升，改善；B. ruined毁掉；C. created创造；D. saved拯救。根据前文“She thought everything could be”和后文“She was extremely experimental”可推知，母亲喜欢尝试，认为杏子能“提升”菜肴。故选A项。 75. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她非常有实验精神，却忽视了基本原理。A. manners礼仪；B. principles原理，原则；C. services服务；D. tools工具。根据语境和“but ignored”可推知，烹饪属于一种技能，其“基本原理”是做好菜的基础，而母亲热衷于实验却忽略了这些。故选B项。 76. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当她今年早些时候去世时，我料想很多东西都会让我想起她，但没有一样东西会是可食用的。A. boasted吹嘘；B. worried担心；C. figured料想，认为；D. criticized批评。根据“many things”可推知，作者在母亲去世后，对什么会引发思念进行推测，用“figured”，表示“料想，认为”。故选C项。 77. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以当她今年早些时候去世时，我料想很多东西都会让我想起她，但没有一样东西会是可食用的。A. think of想起；B. come across偶然遇见；C. argue with与……争论；D. call upon号召。根据前文“when she died earlier this year”和“many things would make me”可推知，作者说的是触发对母亲回忆的事物，让作者“想起”母亲。故选A项。 78. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一与食物相关的念头是：“谢天谢地，我再也不用喝那碗加了杏子的花生汤了。”A. food-related与食物相关的；B. time-honored历史悠久的；C. well-intentioned善意的；D. good-natured性情温和的。根据后文引号内的内容“Thank God. I never have to eat that peanut soup again, which had an apricot in it.”可知，这是关于母亲糟糕厨艺的具体食物记忆，因此是“与食物相关的”念头。故选A项。 79. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它就是一棵普通的树，但它结的苹果足以为一支军队翻山越岭提供能量。A. huge巨大的；B. tough坚韧的；C. regular普通的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据后文“but it produces enough apples to ____ an army”的转折，强调虽然树“普通”，但产量惊人。故选C项。 80. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它就是一棵普通的树，但它结的苹果足以为一支军队翻山越岭提供能量。A. follow跟随；B. power为……提供动力；C. defeat击败；D. establish建立。苹果是食物，结合后文“an army over a mountain”可知，苹果能为行军提供能量，所以用“power”。故选B项。 81. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会说：“不，我家没人爱吃苹果，我自己甚至都不喜欢水果。”她就会接着说：“那只要最上面这37个苹果怎么样？”，我还是会回答：“不行。”。A. company公司；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. family家庭，家人。根据“nobody”和后文“I don’t even like”可推知，作者为了拒绝母亲的苹果，后说家里没有人喜欢苹果。故选D项。 82. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会说：“不，我家没人爱吃苹果，我自己甚至都不喜欢水果。”她就会接着说：“那只要最上面这37个苹果怎么样？”，我还是会回答：“不行。”。A. treats款待；B. candy糖果；C. cuisines菜肴；D. fruit水果。苹果属于“水果”，作者为了强调自己不喜欢苹果，甚至说自己不喜欢任何“水果”。故选D项。 83. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，这个秋天，我一直被必须吃完所有这些苹果的念头所困扰。A. spared饶恕；B. interrupted打断；C. possessed被（念头）困扰，缠住；D. rejected拒绝。根据后文“I’ve made a lot of things with apples, and I’ve eaten vast amounts of food that are apple-associated”可知，作者不得不处理大量苹果，所以是被这个“need”所“困扰”或“驱使”。故选C项。 84. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着这个季节接近尾声，我再怎么强调也不为过。A. season季节；B. project项目；C. celebration庆祝；D. festival节日。根据前文“this autumn”以及苹果是秋季产物，可知“季节”即将结束。故选A项。 85. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这个季节接近尾声，我再怎么强调也不为过。A. care关心；B. respect尊重；C. stress强调；D. laugh笑。根据句意，作者想表达一个深刻的感悟，即“强调”其重要性；can’t stress enough意为“再怎么强调也不为过”。故选C项。 第三部分（语法填空 共15分） 四、本题共10小题，每小1.5分，共15分。 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bent over a bright vase of pink peonies (牡丹), a young craftsman guided his painting tool in patient and practiced circles at a factory in Beijing, ____86____ (breathe) new life into China’s cloisonné (掐丝珐琅) tradition. The art, dating from the Yuan Dynasty, is ____87____ (quiet) evolving through the hands of young artists who bring fresh ideas to an ancient craft. “Cloisonné has always been about ____88____ (adapt),” said Zhong Liansheng, chief craft artist at the factory. Under his guidance, well-designed ____89____ (symbol) and fine craftsmanship have helped cloisonné bridge traditional and modern styles. In recent years, cloisonné pieces have been chosen as national gifts at major diplomatic (外交) events. It reflects both artistic excellence and ____90____ (culture) confidence. The craft’s rising appeal is part of a broader rejuvenation of traditional skills across China, ____91____ has been promoted by national policy. This includes guidelines that ____92____ (issue) in 2017, calling for the preservation of heritage and the integration of traditional culture into daily life. Fueled by government support that enables a new generation ____93____ (explore) living heritage, traditional crafts are entering a new stage of prosperity. The impact is visible nationwide: more than 11,000 workshops have been established, safeguarding traditional crafts while also creating jobs ____94____ strengthening local communities. As of March this year, the number of national-level heritage guardians had amounted ____95____ nearly 4,000. 【答案】86. breathing 87. quietly 88. adaptation/adaption 89. symbols 90. cultural 91. which 92. were issued 93. to explore 94. and 95. to 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国掐丝珐琅传统工艺的发展情况，包括其传承、创新、受政策推动以及产生的积极影响等。 86. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在北京一家工厂里，一位年轻工匠俯身对着一瓶鲜艳的粉色牡丹，手持绘具耐心而娴熟地勾勒着圆圈，为中国的掐丝珐琅传统注入新的活力。句子已有谓语guided，空处作状语，主语“a young craftsman”与“breathe”之间是主动关系，需用现在分词“breathing”作伴随状语。故填breathing。 87. 考查副词。句意：这项始于元代的艺术，正经由年轻艺术家之手悄然演变，他们为这门古老工艺带来了全新理念。此处需用副词作状语，修饰动词“evolving”，表示“悄然地”；“quiet”是形容词，其副词形式为“quietly”。故填quietly。 88. 考查名词。句意：该厂首席工艺师钟连盛表示：“掐丝珐琅的精髓在于不断适应变化。”介词“about”后需接名词作宾语，“adapt”是动词，其名词形式为“adaptation”或“adaption”，均表示“适应”。故填adaptation/adaption。 89. 考查名词复数。句意：在他的指导下，设计精良的图案与精湛的工艺助力掐丝珐琅实现了传统与现代风格的融合。“symbol”是可数名词，此处指多种设计精良的图案，需用复数形式“symbols”。故填symbols。 90. 考查形容词。句意：这既体现了卓越的艺术水准，也彰显了文化自信。此处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词“confidence”，表示“文化的”，“culture”是名词，其形容词形式为“cultural”。故填cultural。 91. 考查定语从句。句意：这门工艺吸引力的提升，是中国传统技艺全面复兴的一个缩影，而这场复兴是由国家政策推动的。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“a broader rejuvenation of traditional skills”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，需用“which”引导。故填which。 92. 考查动词时态与语态。句意：这其中就包括2017年出台的指导方针，该方针呼吁保护文化遗产，并推动传统文化融入日常生活。此处为定语从句的谓语部分，根据时间状语“in 2017”可知，句子需用一般过去时，“guidelines”与“issue”之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态“were issued”。故填were issued。 93. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在政府支持的推动下，新一代人得以探索这些活态文化遗产，传统工艺正迈入繁荣发展的新阶段。此处是固定搭配“enable sb. to do sth.”，意为“使某人能够做某事”，需用动词不定式“to explore”作宾语补足语。故填to explore。 94. 考查连词。句意：这一影响在全国范围内有目共睹：各地已建成逾1.1万家工坊，在保护传统工艺的同时，也创造了就业机会，助力当地社区发展。“creating jobs”与“strengthening local communities”为并列关系，需用连词“and”连接。故填and。 95. 考查介词。句意：截至今年3月，国家级非遗传承人数量已达近4000人。此处是固定搭配“amount to”，意为“总计达到”，需用介词“to”。故填to。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $