第04讲 （人教版选择性必修第一册）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语讲义聚焦选择性必修第一册词汇考点，涵盖核心词汇变形、拼写，阅读词汇词义及核心短语辨析，按单元分考点、知识点分层构建知识体系。通过考情分析、知识导图、考点突破、真题训练等环节，帮助学生系统梳理词汇网络，突破高频考点，体现复习的系统性和针对性。 资料以历年真题词汇统计为依据，采用分层复习策略（必须掌握、重点掌握、了解即可），设计“词形万花筒”等专项训练提升语言能力，通过高频词汇分类培养思维品质。具体如核心单词变形练习，强化词汇应用能力，为教师把控复习节奏、学生高效备考提供有力支持。

第04讲 选择性必修第一册 词汇考点 目录 01 考情透视·目标导航··························································2 02 知识导图·思维引航··························································5 03 考点突破·考法探究··························································6 考点一 Unit 1 ~Unit 5核心词汇·······································6 知识点1 核心单词知变形··················································6 知识点2 核心单词知拼写·················································15 考点二 Unit 1 ~Unit 5阅读词汇······································18 知识点1 阅读单词知词义·················································18知识点2 核心短语知辨析·················································20 04 真题练习·命题洞现 1. 真题实战······························································22 2. 命题演练·····························································23 2024-2026年历年真题中出现的词汇统计 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 合计 Unit 1 acknowledge, analyse, circumstance, conclusion, consequence, encounter, evaluate, flow, found, gentle, gradually, insist, obtain, passion, remarkable, scientific, sum, theory, vital botanical, device, institution, mostly, numerous, property, substance 27 Unit 2 absence, advocate, combine, command, constant, critical, detect, distant, efficient, fantasy, forecast, hence, instant, nevertheless, occupation, oppose, persuade, preference, remote, rural, secure, security, switch, warning artificial, cancer, clone, innovation, mode, phrase, prospect, relevant, sensor, structure 35 Unit 3 accompany, adopt, adorable, amuse, appeal, appetite, boundary, cycle, edge, entertainment, fashion, label, reward, rewarding, stretch, superb, swing, theme, visible, wander cloth, column, cottage, valley 24 Unit 4 adjust, anger, approve, assess, bend, bother, clarify, conflict, demonstrate, differ, distinguish, embarrassed, employ, favour, imply, inquire, interact, interpret, lower, occupy, pose, react, reliable, reveal, slight, slightly, stare, tendency, trial, ultimately, vary, witness barrier, chest, component, fake, gesture, identical, internal, intervene, merely, perceive, tone 44 Unit 5 alternative, aspect, assume, assumption, boost, characteristic, chemical, consume, consumption, convince, depth, devote, digest, entire, essential, expand, extension, flavour, generate, leisure, obtain, overcome, output, reality, shortage, tackle, urban, vision, widespread fertiliser, grocery, instance, mineral, root, soil 35 总计 约125 约40 约165 考情分析 1. 频率最高的话题领域 科技创新与未来生活（innovation, artificial, efficient, remote, command, detect, secure） 身体语言与人际交往（gesture, witness, interaction, demonstrate, interpret, adjust） 人物成就与科学精神（acknowledge, obtain, passion, remarkable, theory, consequence） 自然保护与国家公园（accompany, appeal, wander, vast, visible, boundary, stretch） 2. 最常考查的词汇词性 动词：acknowledge, analyse, obtain, encounter, distinguish, demonstrate, interpret, adjust, react, convince, devote, overcome, generate, tackle, boost 名词：circumstance, consequence, passion, theory, innovation, preference, prospect, security, boundary, entertainment, gesture, anxiety, tendency, assumption, consumption, output, shortage, vision 形容词：remarkable, efficient, remote, constant, artificial, distant, adorable, incredible, vast, visible, identical, reliable, slight, conventional, essential, nutritional, urban, widespread 3. 最容易出现在完形填空中的词汇 acknowledge, obtain, encounter, distinguish, demonstrate, interpret, adjust, react, convince, devote, overcome, generate, tackle, boost, assess, reflect, imply, perceive 特点：这些词汇常用来描述人物的认知过程、行为动作和心理变化 4. 最容易出现在阅读理解中的词汇 consequence, theory, innovation, preference, prospect, security, boundary, entertainment, gesture, anxiety, tendency, assumption, consumption, output, shortage, vision, alternative, aspect, estimate 特点：这些词汇常出现在说明文和议论文的主题句、论点句及结论句中 备考建议 必须掌握（高频） 不仅要认识，还要能在写作和完形填空中主动运用 Unit 1 acknowledge, obtain, passion, remarkable, theory, consequence Unit 2 innovation, preference, prospect, secure, switch, detect Unit 3 appeal, wander, vast, visible, stretch, incredible Unit 4 demonstrate, interpret, adjust, react, reveal, witness Unit 5 convince, devote, overcome, generate, tackle, boost, shortage 重点掌握（中频） 重点记忆搭配、派生词和熟词生义 Unit 1 analyse（分析）, circumstance（环境/情况）, flow（流动/流畅） Unit 2 command（命令/掌握）, constant（不断的/常数）, remote（遥远的/偏远的） Unit 3 edge（边缘/优势）, fashion（时尚/方式）, rare（稀少的/半熟的） Unit 4 gesture（手势/姿态）, tone（语气/色调）, trial（试验/审讯） Unit 5 assume（假设/承担）, digest（消化/领会）, output（产量/输出） 了解即可（低频或未出现） 认识即可，不需要主动输出 Unit 1 academy, apparently, chart, defeat, doctorate, draft, formula, institution, liquid, malaria, novelist, objective, peculiarity, penicillin, politician, property, relativity, sum Unit 2 abnormal, appliance, automatic, available, electrical, integrated, knob, leak, mode, nanobot, obey, potential, predict, resist, routine, sensor, wiring Unit 3 amusement, aquarium, ban, bless, cloth, cream, cycle, fountain, glacier, iron, journalist, leopard, lung, pedal, pirate, prohibition, reindeer, roller coaster, steam, swing, teapot, territory Unit 4 appropriate, ashamed, breakdown, ceiling, chest, employ, incident, inquire, intervene, lower, nonverbal, occupation, straighten up, tick Unit 5 alleviate, attain, bacterium, bomb, celebrity, chemical, crisis, domestic, envision, grain, hybrid, organic, pesticide, pollinate, root, salty, sorghum, strain, tunnel, wheat, yield 考点一 选择性必修1 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1. If you’re willing to drive a little further, the Ritz-Carlton Los Angeles promises luxurious rooms and extensive leisure facilities — perfect for turning a game day into a great weekend escape. (2026年新高考全国I卷阅读A篇)如果你愿意开远一点车，洛杉矶丽思卡尔顿酒店将为你提供豪华客房和丰富的休闲设施——非常适合把比赛日变成一个美好的周末度假之旅。 2.Just as my willpower was about to crumble, the doctor's stern voice and that terrifying sharp pain in my chest echoed in my mind, anchoring me back to reality. (2026年新高考全国II卷应用文写作)就在我的意志力快要崩溃的那一刻，医生严厉的声音和胸口那阵可怕的剧痛在脑海中回响，把我拉回了现实。 3.The D.C. area is home to many outstanding Chinese restaurants, but diners willing to travel outside the city limits will also be rewarded. (2026年新高考全国II卷阅读A篇)华盛顿特区地区有许多优秀的中餐馆，但愿意到市区以外的地方去寻觅的食客也会有所收获。 4.This optimization (优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. (2026年1月浙江卷阅读D篇)这次优化旨在增加碳储存量，并延长其储存时长。 5.The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. (2025年新高考全国II卷语法填空)在我住的地方，阳光晒干的衣服闻起来格外宜人，这要归功于没有雾霾，以及午后常有蓝天和大量新鲜空气。 6.I’m writing to politely inquire about the progress of the article. Would you mind letting me know how it’s going? (2025年新高考全国II卷应用文写作)我写信是想礼貌地询问一下文章的进展情况。您能告知我目前的情况吗？ 7.I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. (2024年北京卷阅读B篇)我觉得很难，但仍然希望能及格。结果我没及格，分数很低。我之前太自信了。如今，我被认定为一无是处。 Unit 1 1.committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commit vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)　vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→commitment n. 投入；承诺 2．conclusion n. 结论；推论→conclude v. 下结论；得出结论 3．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgment n. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 4．gentle adj. 温柔的；文静的→gently adv. 温柔地；温和地 5．boil vt.&vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开　n. 沸腾；沸点→boiled adj. 煮开的→boiling adj. 沸腾的 6．remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.惊人地→remark v．&n. 谈论；评论 7．consequence n. 结果；后果→consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv. 结果；因此 8．evaluate vt. 评价；评估→evaluation n. 评价；评估 9.apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然→apparent adj. 显而易见的；明显的 10．gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地→gradual adj. 逐渐的 11．analyse vt. 分析→analyst n. 分析师；分析家→ n. 分析→(pl.) analyses 12．scientific adj. 科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientifically adv. 合乎科学地→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家 13．vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的→ vitally adv. 极其 14．theory n. 理论；学说→theoretical adj. 理论上的 15．novelist n. 小说家→novel n. (长篇)小说 16．politician n. 从政者；政治家；政客→politics n. 政治→political adj. 与政治有关的 17．relativity n. 相对论；相对性→relative adj. 相对的n. 亲戚→relate v. 叙述；使有联系；有关联 18.infer vt. 推断；推定→inference n. 推断；推论→/inferred/inferring (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 19．passion n. 酷爱；激情→passionate adj. 热情的；狂热的 20．academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj. 学业的；学术的→academically adv. 学业上；学术上 21.botanical adj. 植物学的→botany n. 植物学 22．objective n. 目标；目的　adj. 客观的→object n. 物体v. 反对→(反)subjective adj. 主观的 23．distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinctive adj. 独特的；特别的；有特色的→distinction n. 清楚；清晰 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. She is a ________________ teacher who cares deeply about her students. She ________________ herself to helping children learn. Her ________________ to education is truly inspiring. (commit) 2. In ________________ , I think we should accept the offer. After much discussion, we ________________ that the plan was not feasible. (conclusion) 3. The scientist ________________ the contributions of his team in his speech. His public ________________ of their hard work motivated everyone. (acknowledge) 4. The mother spoke in a ________________ voice to calm her crying baby. She ________________ stroked the child's hair. (gentle) 5. Water ________________ at 100 degrees Celsius. The ________________ water bubbled in the pot. The ________________ eggs were ready to be peeled. (boil) 6. It is ________________ how quickly technology has advanced. The ________________ change has affected every aspect of our lives. The expert ________________ on the significance of this development. (remarkable) 7. The flood had serious ________________ for the local farmers. The heavy rain caused a ________________ rise in the river level. ________________ , many homes were destroyed. (consequence) 8. It is difficult to ________________ the success of the project at this early stage. A thorough ________________ will be conducted after the project is completed. (evaluate) 9. ________________ , he had forgotten to lock the door. It was ________________ to everyone that he was lying. (apparent) 10. The weather improved ________________ over the course of the day. There was a ________________ change in temperature. (gradual) 11. The data will be ________________ by the research team. The ________________ will present the findings at the conference. The final ________________ will be published next month. (analyse) 12. The ________________ method requires careful measurement. The experiment was conducted ________________ . The importance of ________________ cannot be overstated. The famous ________________ made a groundbreaking discovery. (scientific) 13. Good communication is ________________ for a successful team. It is ________________ important to listen to others' opinions. (vital) 14. In ________________ , the universe began with a big bang. The professor explained the ________________ framework behind the discovery. (theory) 15. The famous ________________ published his first book at the age of 25. The ________________ was later adapted into a movie. (novelist) 16. The ________________ gave a speech about healthcare reform. She studied ________________ in college and later became involved in ________________ campaigns. (politician) 17. Einstein's ________________ changed our understanding of physics. The ________________ speed of light is about 300,000 kilometers per second. Many people find it hard to ________________ to the concepts in this field. (relativity) 18. From the evidence, we can ________________ that he was telling the truth. This ________________ was later confirmed by other facts. (infer) 19. She has a great ________________ for music and plays the piano beautifully. She is a ________________ performer who puts her heart into every piece. (passion) 20. He is a respected member of the medical ________________. His ________________ achievements have won him many awards. He excels both socially and ________________. (academy) 21. The ________________ garden contains many rare species. She decided to study ________________ at university. (botanical) 22. The ________________ of this project is to reduce waste. His ________________ view is influenced by his personal experiences. He ________________ to the decision because he felt it was unfair. (objective) 23. There is a ________________ difference between the two species. The bird has a ________________ call that is easy to recognize. The ________________ between right and wrong is not always clear. (distinct) Unit 2 1.distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→ distance n. 距离；远处 2．combine vt.&vi. (使)结合；混合→combination n. 结合；混合 3．persuade vt. 劝说；说服→persuasion n. 说服→persuasive adj. 有说服力的 4．oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠→opposed adj. 反对的 5．efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv. 有效地→efficiency n. 效率；功率→(反) inefficient adj. 无效的 6．preference n. 爱好；偏爱→prefer v. 喜欢 7．instant n. 瞬间；片刻　adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的→instantly adv. 立刻；马上 8．command n. 指令；命令；控制　vt. 命令；控制→ commander n. 指挥官 9．warning n. 警告；警示；先兆→warn v. 警告；警示 10．abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的→(反) normal adj. 正常的→normally adv. 正常地 11．accurate adj. 精确的；准确的→accurately adv. 精确地；准确地→accuracy n. 准确；精确 12.potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地→potential adj. 可能的；潜在的　n. 潜力；可能性 13．fantasy n. 幻想；想象→fantastic adj. 奇异的；空想的；异想天开的 14．security n. 保护措施；安全工作→secure adj. 安全的；稳妥的 15．obey vi.&vt. 服从；遵守→(反) disobey 不服从；不遵守 16．crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为→criminal n. 罪犯 17．predict vt. 预测；预言；预料→prediction n. 预测；预言 18．occupation n. 职业；占领→occupy v. 占领；占据→ occupied adj. 占用的；被占领的；忙于……的 19．absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj. 缺席的；不在场的 20．advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护　n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者→advocation n. 拥护；支持 21．emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性→emphasise v. 强调；重视 22．resist vi.&vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒→resistant adj. 抵制的；有抵抗力的 23．librarian n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长→library n. 图书馆 24. integrate vi.&vt. (使)合并；成为一体→integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 25．automatic adj. 自动的→automatically adv. 自动地 26．detect vt. 发现；查明→detective n. 侦探→detector n. 探测器 27．electrical adj. 电的；用电的→electricity n. 电→electronic adj. 电子的 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The star is very ________________ from the Earth. The ________________ between the two cities is about 500 kilometers. (distant) 2. We need to ________________ theory with practice. The ________________ of these two methods produced excellent results. (combine) 3. She tried to ________________ her friend to change his mind. Her ________________ was very effective because she used ________________ arguments. (persuade) 4. Many people ________________ the construction of a new factory near their homes. They are strongly ________________ to the plan. (oppose) 5. This new machine is very ________________. It works ________________ and saves a lot of time. The ________________ of the system has been greatly improved. (efficient) 6. Everyone has their own ________________ in music. I ________________ classical music to pop. (preference) 7. The accident happened in an ________________. The ________________ response saved the patient's life. He ________________ realized that he had made a mistake. (instant) 8. The general gave a ________________ to his troops. He ________________ them to advance immediately. He is a strict but fair ________________. (command) 9. The weather forecast gave a ________________ of heavy storms. The authorities ________________ residents to stay indoors. (warning) 10. His behavior was ________________ for someone of his age. Under ________________ circumstances, he would have reacted differently. He ________________ wakes up at 7 am every day. (abnormal) 11. The scientist made an ________________ measurement of the distance. She ________________ calculated the results. The ________________ of the data is critical for the experiment. (accurate) 12. This new technology could ________________ change our lives. It has the ________________ to revolutionize many industries. (potential) 13. He lives in a world of ________________ . He has many ________________ ideas that seem impossible to achieve. (fantasy) 14. The airport has tightened ________________ measures. Passengers can feel ________________ when flying with this airline. (security) 15. Soldiers are trained to ________________ orders. It is dangerous to ________________ the rules in this situation. (obey) 16. He was found guilty of the ________________ . The ________________ was sentenced to ten years in prison. (crime) 17. It is difficult to ________________ what will happen in the future. His ________________ turned out to be correct. (predict) 18. What is your current ________________ ? The army ________________ the city during the war. She is ________________ with her work at the moment. (occupation) 19. His frequent ________________ from class worried his teachers. He was ________________ from school yesterday due to illness. (absence) 20. She is a strong ________________ of environmental protection. She ________________ reducing plastic waste. Her ________________ of these ideas has inspired many people. (advocate) 21. The school places great ________________ on academic achievement. The teacher ________________ the importance of regular practice. (emphasis) 22. It is difficult to ________________ change when you are comfortable with the status quo. The ________________ from the local community was strong. Some people are ________________ to new ideas. (resist) 23. The ________________ helped me find the book I needed. The school ________________ has a large collection of novels. (librarian) 24. The school aims to ________________ students with special needs into regular classrooms. The ________________ curriculum helps students connect different subjects. (integrate) 25. The heating system is fully ________________ . The doors open ________________ when someone approaches. (automatic) 26. The device can ________________ the presence of smoke. The ________________ arrived at the crime scene to look for clues. The smoke ________________ sounded the alarm. (detect) 27. The ________________ system in this house needs to be repaired. We rely on ________________ to power our daily lives. He bought an ________________ dictionary that can be accessed on his tablet. (electrical) Unit 3 1.appeal　vi. 有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉　n. 吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求→appealing adj. 有吸引力的；恳求的→(反) unappealing adj. 不吸引人的 2．adopt vt. 采用；采取；采纳　vt.&vi. 领养→adoption n. 领养；收养；采纳→adopted adj. 领养的 3．rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的→reward vt. 报答；奖赏　n. 报答；报酬 4．entertainment n. 娱乐；招待；娱乐活动；文娱节目→entertain v. 娱乐；招待→entertaining adj. 有趣的；娱乐性的；令人愉快的→entertained adj. 愉快的→entertainer n. 表演者；艺人 5．bless vt. 祝福→blessing n. 幸事；福气→blessed adj. 有幸具有的；幸运的 6.amuse vt. (提供)消遣；(使)娱乐→amusement n. 娱乐(活动)；愉悦→amusing adj. 有趣的→amused adj. 感到有趣的 7．prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；阻止→prohibition n. 禁止；阻止；禁令 8．cycle n. 自行车；摩托车；循环　vi. 骑自行车→cyclist n. 骑自行车的人→recycle v. 循环；再利用 9．fashion n. 时尚；时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj. 时尚的；流行的 10．visible adj. 看得见的；可见的→invisible adj. 看不 11．rare adj. 稀少的；珍贵的；(肉)半熟的→rarely adv. 很少；难得 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The idea of traveling to new places ________________ to many people. The job has great ________________. It is an ________________ opportunity for those who love adventure. However, some may find the lifestyle ________________. (appeal) 2. The committee decided to ________________ a new approach to solving the problem. The ________________ of the new policy has been widely supported. The ________________ child felt grateful for his loving family. (adopt) 3. Teaching is a ________________ career. The school ________________ its best teachers with bonuses. The recognition itself was a great ________________. (rewarding) 4. Watching movies is a popular form of ________________. The magician ________________ the audience with his amazing tricks. His performance was highly ________________. The children were thoroughly ________________ by the show. He works as a professional ________________. (entertainment) 5. May the gods ________________ you on your journey. Good health is a great ________________. They are ________________ to have such wonderful children. (bless) 6. The comedian's jokes ________________ the entire audience. The children played games for ________________. The story was so ________________ that everyone laughed. She looked ________________ by the funny performance. (amuse) 7. The school ________________ students from using mobile phones in class. The ________________ against smoking in public places has been effective. (prohibit) 8. He ________________ to work every day to stay healthy. The ________________ is also a popular means of transportation. We should ________________ plastic bottles to reduce waste. (cycle) 9. She always follows the latest ________________. Her clothes are very ________________. (fashion) 10. The stars are ________________ on a clear night. Some gases are ________________ to the naked eye. (visible) 11. This species of bird is very ________________. It ________________ appears in this area. (rare) Unit 4 1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响 2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类 3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的 4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者→employment n．雇用；聘用 5．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异 6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorable adj.赞成的；有利的 7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地 8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖 9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微 10．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定 11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育 12．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→bare adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的 13．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业 14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的 15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬 17．ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的 18．adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 19．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；作用 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Social ________________ is important for children's development. Teachers encourage students to ________________ with each other during group work. (interaction) 2. Opinions on this issue ________________ from person to person. There are ________________ reasons why people choose different careers. The ________________ of choices can be overwhelming. (vary) 3. Her parents ________________ of her decision to study abroad. She sought their ________________ before applying. They gave her an ________________ nod. (approve) 4. The company ________________ over 100 workers at its new factory. The ________________ are satisfied with their working conditions. The ________________ provides health insurance for all staff. The ________________ rate has increased this year. (employ) 5. The twins ________________ greatly in personality. They have very ________________ interests. The age ________________ between them is only two minutes. (differ) 6. She always ________________ her younger brother in arguments. The weather conditions are ________________ for outdoor activities. He did me a great ________________ by helping me move. (favour) 7. His rude behavior filled her with ________________. She was ________________ at his words. She spoke ________________ to him. (anger) 8. He is a ________________ friend who always keeps his promises. You can ________________ on him to help you in times of need. (reliable) 9. There has been a ________________ improvement in his health. His condition has improved ________________. (slight) 10. It is difficult to ________________ the damage caused by the storm. A full ________________ will be completed next week. (assess) 11. The famous ________________ gave a speech on the importance of critical thinking. Parents should ________________ their children to be kind and honest. A well-________________ person is more likely to succeed. Quality ________________ is the key to a better future. (educator) 12. He ________________ spoke a word during the entire meeting. The room was ________________ and empty. (barely) 13. The construction project will ________________ most of his time. He is currently ________________ with urgent matters. His ________________ as a teacher has brought him great joy. (occupy) 14. It is hard to ________________ between the two similar species. He is a ________________ scientist who has won many awards. (distinguish) 15. Waiting for the test results caused him a lot of ________________. He felt ________________ about the outcome. (anxiety) 16. She felt ________________ when she forgot her lines on stage. The situation was ________________ for everyone involved. His question ________________ her greatly. (embarrassed) 17. He was ________________ of his selfish behavior. What a ________________ thing to do! The cheater was completely ________________ . (ashamed) 18. It took him a while to ________________ to life in a new country. The chair has an ________________ height setting. He made a few minor ________________ to the plan. (adjust) 19. The audience ________________ enthusiastically to the performance. Her immediate ________________ was one of surprise. (react) Unit 5 1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotion n．献身；忠诚；热爱 2．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的 3．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→assume v．假定；设想→assuming conj.假定；假设 4．consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费→consume vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户 5．salty adj.含盐的；咸的→salt n．盐 6．extension n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend vt.伸开；展开；延伸 7．chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n．化学制品；化学品→chemistry n．化学 8．nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→nutrition n．营养；滋养 9．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj.深的→deepen vt.加深；(使)变深 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. She ________________ her entire life to helping others. Her ________________ to the cause was truly inspiring. (devote) 2. He tried to ________________ his boss to give him a raise. His argument was very ________________ . I am ________________ that he will succeed. (convince) 3. The ________________ that all people are equal is the foundation of democracy. We ________________ that the economy will improve next year. ________________ this is true, what should we do next? (assumption) 4. The ________________ of electricity increases during summer months. Air conditioners ________________ a large amount of energy. The rising prices affect every ________________ . (consumption) 5. This soup is too ________________ . Please add more water to reduce the ________________ content. (salty) 6. They are building an ________________ to the hospital. The company plans to ________________ its business to Asia. (extension) 7. The ________________ reaction produced a toxic gas. He studied ________________ at university. (chemical) 8. The ________________ value of this food is very high. It is a ________________ meal that provides essential vitamins. Good ________________ is important for overall health. (nutritional) 9. The ________________ of the ocean is difficult to measure. The water is very ________________ here. The experience will ________________ their understanding of the problem. (depth) 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 2．vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 3．academic adj. 学业的；学术的 4．objective n. 目标；目的　adj. 客观的 5．distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的 6．boil vt.& vi. (使)沸腾；烧开　n.沸腾；沸点 7．liquid n. 液体　adj. 液体的；液态的 8．obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得　vi. (规章、习俗等)存在；流行 9．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 10．defeat n. 失败；挫败　vt. 击败；战胜 11．analyse vt. 分析 12．insist vi.& vt. 坚持；坚决要求 13．conclusion n. 结论；推论 14．flee vi.& vt. 迅速离开；逃跑 15．circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况 16．flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应　vi. 流；流动 17．chart n. 图表　vt. 记录；制订计划 18．found vt. 创建；建立；把……建立在 19．infer vt. 推断；推定 20．theory n. 理论；学说 21．gentle adj. 温柔的；文静的 22．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；想不到的 23．consequence n. 结果；后果 24．encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到　n. 邂逅；遭遇 25．mourn vt.& vi. 哀悼；忧伤 26．remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的 27．sum vi.总结；概括　n.金额；款项；总数；总和 28．draft n. 草稿；草案　vt. 起草；草拟 Unit 2 1．persuade vt. 劝说；说服 2．switch vt. 转换；交换　vi.& vt. (使)改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 3．secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt. 获得；拴牢；保护 4．remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 5．routine n.常规；正常顺序　adj. 常规的；日常的 6．instant n.瞬间；片刻　adj.立即的；速食的 7．command n. 指令；命令；控制　vt. 命令；控制 8．obey vi.& vt. 服从；遵守 9．constant adj.不断的；重复的；不变的　n.常数/量 10．abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的 11．critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 12．leak vi.& vt. 漏；渗漏；透露　n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露 13．detect vt. 发现；查明 14．available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的 15．nevertheless adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而 16．security n. 保护措施；安全工作 17．crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为 18．combine vt.& vi. (使)结合；混合 19．forecast vt.& n. 预测；预报 20．occupation n. 职业；占领 21．oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠 22．cease vi.& vt. (使)停止；终止 23．absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 24．rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 25．advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护　n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 26．emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性 27．accurate adj. 精确的；准确的 Unit 3 1．edge n. 边；边缘；边线；刀刃　vt.& vi. (使)徐徐移动；给……加边 2．vast adj. 辽阔的；巨大的；庞大的 3．ban vt. 明令禁止；取缔　n. 禁令 4．boundary n. 边界；界限；分界线 5．visible adj. 看得见的；可见的 6．accompany vt. 陪同；陪伴；伴随；(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏 7．adopt vt. 采用；采取；采纳　vt.& vi. 领养 8．bless vt. 祝福 9．journalist n. 新闻记者；新闻工作者 10．label vt. 用标签标明；贴标签　n. 标签；标记 11．stretch vi. 延伸；延续　vi.& vt. 伸展；舒展 12．cycle n. 自行车；摩托车；循环　vi. 骑自行车 13．route n. 路线；路途；途径 14．ahead adv. 向前；在前面；提前 15．theme adj. 有特定主题的　n. 主题；主题思想 16．appeal vi. 有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉　n. 吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求 17．adorable adj. 可爱的；讨人喜爱的 18．wander n. 游荡；闲逛；流浪　vt.& vi. 闲逛；漫游　vi. 走失；离散；走神 19．swing vt.& vi. (使)摆动；；转弯；(使)突然转向 20．fashion n. 时尚；时兴；流行款式 21．steam n. 蒸汽；水蒸气；蒸汽动力　vi. 蒸发；散发蒸汽；冒水汽 22．splendid adj.壮丽的；雄伟的；非常好的 23．display n.展览；陈列；展览品　vt. 显示；陈列 24．appetite n. 食欲；胃口；强烈欲望 25．entertainment n. 娱乐；招待；娱乐活动；文娱节目 Unit 4 1．vary vi. (根据情况)变化；改变 2．appropriate adj. 合适的；恰当的 3．approve vi. 赞成；同意　vt. 批准；通过 4．demonstrate vt. 表现；表达；说明；证明 5．witness vt.当场看到；见证　n.目击者；证人 6．interpret vt. 把……理解(解释)为　vi.& vt. 口译 7．differ vi. 相异；不同于 8．bow vi. 鞠躬；点头　vt. 低(头)　n. 弓；蝴蝶结 9．barrier n. 隔阂；障碍 10．anger n. 愤怒；怒气　vt. 使生气；激怒 11．incident n. 发生的事情；严重事件；冲突 12．trial n．& v. 审讯；审判；试验；试用 13．pose n. 故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi. 摆好姿势 vt. 造成(威胁、问题等) 14．bend vt.& vi. (使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向 15．reveal vt. 揭示；显示；露出 16．clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清 17．tendency n. 趋势；倾向 18．lower vt. 把……放低；降低；减少　adj. 下面的；下方的；较小的 19．imply vt. 意味着；暗示 20．barely adv. 几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚 21．occupy vt. 占据；占用 22．stare vi. 盯着看；凝视　n. 凝视 23．distinguish vi.& vt. 区分；辨别 24．ashamed adj. 羞愧；惭愧 25．bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心　n.麻烦；不便 26．conflict n. 矛盾；冲突　vi. 冲突；抵触 27．inquire vi.& vt. 询问；打听 28．ultimately adv. 最终；最后 29．adjust vt. 调整；调节　vi.& vt. 适应；(使)习惯 30．react vi. (对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应 Unit 5 1．shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺 2．tackle vt. 解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理 3．boost vt. 使增长；使兴旺　n. 增长；提高；激励 4．characteristic n.特征；特点；品质　adj.典型的； 5．attain vt. (通常经过努力)获得；得到 6．overcome vt. 克服；解决；战胜 7．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加　vt. 扩展；发展(业务) 8．output n. 产量；输出；输出量　vt. 输出 9．estimate vt. 估计；估价；估算　n. 估计；估算 10．domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 11．generate vt. 产生；引起 12．leisure n. 闲暇；休闲；空闲 13．vision n. 想象；视力；视野；影像 14．reality n. 现实；实际情况；事实 15．urban adj. 城市的；都市的；城镇的 16．bomb n. 炸弹　vt. 轰炸；对……投炸弹 17．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的　n. 化学制品；化学品 18．flavour n. 味道；特点；特色 19．widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 20．digest vt.& vi. 消化　vt. 领会；领悟　n. 摘要；文摘 21．essential adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的 22．alternative n. 可供选择的事物　adj. 可供替代的；非传统的 23．depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度) 24．entirely adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地 25．aspect n. 方面；层面 考点二 选择性必修1 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1．physiology n. 生理学；生理机能 2．artemisinin n. [药]青蒿素 3．malaria n. 疟疾 4．academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校 5．botanical adj. 植物学的 6．property n. 性质；特征；财产 7．extract n. 提取物；摘录　vt. 提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出 8．wormwood n. 蒿；洋艾 9．substance n. 物质；物品；事实根据 10．mostly adv. 主要地；一般地 11．penicillin n. 青霉素；盘尼西林 12．numerous adj. 众多的；许多的 13．relativity n. 相对论；相对性 14．formula n. 公式；方程式；配方 15．genius n. 天才；天资；天赋 16．patent n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利　adj. 有专利的；受专利保护的 17．doctorate n. 博士学位 18．photoelectric adj. 光电的 19．institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗 20．institute n. (教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑 21．moustache n. 上唇的胡子；髭 22．peculiarity n. 个性；特点；怪异的性质 23．professor n. 教授 24．device n. 方法；技巧；装置；仪器 Unit 2 1．phrase n. 短语；词组 2．knob n. 旋钮；球形把手 3．appliance n. 电器；器具 4．sensor n. 传感器；敏感元件 5．mode n. 模式；方式；风格 6．warning n. 警告；警示；先兆 7．cancer n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤 8．relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的 9．fantasy n. 幻想；想象 10．innovation n. 创新；创造 11．structure n.结构；体系　vt.系统安排；精心组织 12．nanobot n. 纳米机器人 13．artificial adj. 人工的；人造的；假的 14．clone vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制　n. 克隆动物(或植物) 15．hence adv. 因此；由此 16．deceased adj. 已死的；亡故的 17．luxury n. 奢华 18．prospect n. 可能性；前景 19．paragraph n. 段；段落 20．signpost n. 路标 21．librarian n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长 Unit 3 1．buffet vt. 连续猛击；打来打去　n. 自助餐 2．cloth n. (一块)布；织物；布料 3．valley n. 谷；山谷；溪谷 4．glacier n. 冰川 5．reindeer n. 驯鹿 6．territory n. 领土；版图；领域；地盘 7．cottage n. 小屋；(尤指)村舍；小别墅 8．sour adj. 酸的；有酸味的 9．sneeze vi. 打喷嚏　n. 喷嚏；喷嚏声 10．teapot n. 茶壶 11.cream n. 奶油；乳脂；护肤霜　adj. 奶油色的 12．leopard n. 豹 13．bush n. 灌木 14．lung n. 肺 15．corridor n. 狭长地带；走廊；过道；通道 16．pedal n. (自行车等的)脚蹬子；踏板　vt.& vi. 骑自行车；踩踏板 17．fountain n. 喷泉；人工喷泉；喷水池 18．pirate n. 海盗；盗版者　vt. 盗印；窃用 19．iron n. 铁；铁器；铸铁；熨斗　vt.& vi. (用熨斗)熨；烫平 20．superb adj. 极佳的；卓越的 21．aquarium n. 水族馆；水族玻璃槽；养鱼缸 22．polar adj. (近)极地的；南极(或北极)的；磁极的 23．column n. (书、报纸印刷页上的)栏；专栏；柱(形物) Unit 4 1．interaction n. 交流；相互影响 2．gesture n. 手势；姿势；姿态 3．identical adj. 相同的 4．cheek n. 面颊；脸颊 5．waist n. 腰；腰部 6．fake adj. 假装的；假的；冒充的 7．twin adj. 双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的　n. 孪生之一；双胞胎之一 8．nonverbal adj. 不涉及言语的；非言语的 9．internal adj. 内部的；里面的 10．slump vi. 垂头弯腰地走(或坐等) 11．educator n. 教师；教育工作者；教育家 12．tick vt. 给(试卷、问题等)打钩号　vi. (钟表)发出嘀嗒声　n. 钩号 13．chin n. 下巴 14．ceiling n. 天花板；上限 15．perceive vt. 察觉；看待；理解 16．chest n. 胸部；胸膛 17．merely adv. 只是；仅仅；只不过 18．weep vi.& vt. 哭泣；流泪 19．intervene vi. 干预；介入 20．component n. 组成部分；零件 21．tone n. 语气；腔调；口吻 Unit 5 1．hybrid n. 杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车 2．crisis n. 危机；危急关头 3．yield n. 产量；产出　vt. 出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等)　vi. 屈服；让步 4．pollinate vt. 授粉；传粉 5．comprise vt. 包括；包含；由……组成 6．strain n. (动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力 7．soil n. 泥土；土壤；国土；领土 8．celebrity n. 名望；名誉；名人；名流 9．envision vt. 展望；想象 10．sorghum n. 高粱；高粱米 11．broom n. 扫把；扫帚；金雀花 12．grain n. 谷物；谷粒；颗粒 13．salty adj. 含盐的；咸的 14．tunnel n. 地下通道；地道；隧道 15．wheat n. 小麦；小麦籽 16．fertiliser n. 肥料 17．alleviate vt. 减轻；缓解 18．poverty n. 贫穷；贫困 19．organic adj. 有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的 20．pesticide n. 杀虫剂；除害药物 21．bacterium n. 细菌 22．mineral n. 矿物；矿物质 23．grocery n. 食品杂货店；[pl.]__食品杂货 24．instance n. 例子；实例；事例 25．root n. 根；根茎；根部；根源 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1．be born in ... 出生于…… 2．get stuck 被困住/卡住 3．draw out 取出；拉长 4．insist on 坚决要求 5．wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 6．commit oneself to sth/doing sth/do sth 承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 7．make contributions to 对……做出贡献 8．come to power (开始)掌权；上台 9．as a consequence 结果 10．take up a position 担任；任职 11．stand on end 竖起来 12．sum up 总结；概括 13．scores of 许多，大量 14．manage to do sth 设法成功做了某事 Unit 2 1．switch off/on 关/开(电灯、机器等) 2．all the time 一直；向来；每时每刻 3．early on 在初期；早先 4．catch fire 着火 5．in this sense in ... sense 从这种(某种)意义上来讲 6．benefit from 从……中受益 7．care about 担心；关心 8．keep in touch with ... 与…… 保持联系； 9．exchange ... with 与……交换 10．can't agree more 再同意不过；非常同意 11．work on 忙于；从事于 12．cut down 砍倒；削减 13．put one's mind at rest 使某人安心 14．all in all 总而言之 Unit 3 1．spread out 伸展，延长 2．on the move 在行进中；在移动中 3．set out 出发；启程；(怀着目标)开始工作 4．live off 依靠……生活；以吃……为生 5．at the top of the list 在列表的顶端 6．appeal to 有吸引力；有感染力；呼吁；上诉； 7．have fun 玩得开心 8．put on 上演；穿上 9. look for 寻找 10．up to 达到(某数量、程度等)；直到；能胜任 11．upside down 颠倒；倒转；翻转 12．plenty of 许多；大量 13．come up with 提出；想出；赶上 Unit 4 1．by contrast 相比之下 2．by comparison (与……)相比较 3．make inferences 推理；推断 4．break down 消除；分解；打破 5．in favour of 支持；赞同 6．straighten up 直起来；整理；收拾整齐 7．call on (短暂地)访问；要求讲话等；正式邀请 8．have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 9．in other words 换句话说；也就是说 10．at work 有某种影响；在工作 11．communicate with ... 和……交流 12．from now on 从现在开始 13．present sth to sb 把某物交给某人 14．act as 担当 Unit 5 1．devote ... to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 2．work as 从事……工作 3．be comprised of 包括；包含；由……组成 4．far from 远离；远非 5．deep down 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 6．home and abroad 国内外 7．dream up 梦想 8．for instance 例如；比如 9．in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 10．in fact 事实上；实际上 11．be rich in 在……方面充足 12．keep ... from doing sth 阻止……做某事 13．set up 建立 一、 真题实战 1.(2026年新高考全国II卷阅读A篇) Queen’s English This nice Cantonese restaurant in Columbia Heights quickly became a destination for chef Henji Cheung’s Hong Kong-style cooking and co-owner Sarah Thompson’s natural wine list that earned her a Michelin nod. Reserve a spot indoors, at its chef’s counter, or covered dog-friendly patio (露台), with creative wine tastings in the mix. Dinner hours: Tuesday through Thursday 5:30 p.m. — 9:00 p.m. (last seating); Friday and Saturday 5:00 p.m. — 9:30 p.m. (last seating). Closed on Sunday and Monday. 23. What do we know about the Cantonese restaurant in Columbia Heights? A. It is open only on weekdays. B. It adopts a no-pet policy. C. It takes no reservations. D. It serves only dinner. 2.(2026年新高考全国I卷完形填空) I grew up in a little town in northeast Ohio. The ____41____ of how little people knew about Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania. Though I lived ____42____ three and a half hours away, most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world. “Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?” 41. A. fantasy B. prejudice C. realization D. expectation 42. A. only B. indeed C. still D. even 3.(2026年新高考全国II卷完形填空) There were times when I found myself wondering if I should pack it all in, but the boy’s words kept ringing in my ears: I knew I needed nothing else to succeed but a bit of ____54____ and hard work. I ____55____ to find a way out of my shame and into a pattern of work that I loved. 54. A. self-belief B. know-how C. brainstorming D. teamwork 55. A. remembered B. agreed C. managed D. hesitated 4.(2025年新高考全国II卷语法填空) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 2、 命题演练 （一）用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15题，每题1个空） 1. She is a ________________ teacher who cares deeply about her students. (commit) 2. After analyzing all the data, the research team ________________ that their initial hypothesis was wrong. (conclusion) 3. The scientist ________________ the contributions of his team in his speech. (acknowledge) 4. She spoke to the child ________________ and patiently. (gentle) 5. The pot of water is ________________ on the stove. (boil) 6. Technology has advanced ________________ over the past decade. (remarkable) 7. The flood had serious ________________ for the local farmers. (consequent) 8. The ________________ of the project will be completed next week. (evaluate) 9.________________ , the manager was not satisfied with the team's performance this quarter. (apparent) 10. The weather improved ________________ over the course of the day. (gradual) 11. The data will be ________________ by the research team. (analyse) 12. The ________________ method requires careful measurement. (science) 13. Good communication is ________________ important for a successful team. (vital) 14. The ________________ that the universe began with a big bang is widely accepted. (theoretical) 15. The famous ________________ published his first book at the age of 25. (novel) （二）根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（共20题，每题1个空） 【首字母填空1-10题】 1. He is a p______________ supporter of environmental protection. 2. The two species are d______________ from each other in several ways. 3. The company aims to achieve its o______________ of reducing waste by 50%. 4. She has a strong p______________ for classical music over pop. 5. The new machine is very e______________ and saves a lot of time. 6. Soldiers are trained to o______________ orders without question. 7. The idea of traveling to new places a______________ to many young people. 8. The committee decided to a______________ a new approach to solving the problem. 9. The stars are v______________ on a clear night. 10. She always follows the latest f______________ and wears trendy clothes. 【汉语提示填空11-20题】 11. Social ______________（交流）is important for children's development. 12. He is a ______________（可靠的）friend who always keeps his promises. 13. She felt deeply ______________（羞愧）for having lied to her best friend. 14. The audience ______________（反应）enthusiastically to the performance. 15. She ______________（献身）her entire life to helping others. 16. The advertisement aims to ______________（说服）more young people to take up outdoor sports. 17. The ______________（消耗）of electricity increases during summer months. 18. They are building an ______________（扩建部分）to the hospital. 19. The ______________（深度）of the ocean is difficult to measure. 20. He felt extremely ______________（尴尬的）when his phone rang loudly during the meeting. （三）写作翻译练习（共15题） 1. 总之，我们应该致力于保护环境，为子孙后代创造更美好的未来。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 显而易见，这位科学家非凡的发现将对医学研究产生重大影响。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 通过多年的刻苦训练和不懈努力，他终于赢得了教练和队友们的尊重与信任。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我们应该客观地评估每一个方案，而不是凭主观偏好做出决定。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 这位教育家认为，区分事实和观点是批判性思维的重要组成部分。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 我完全同意你的观点，我们应该更加关注潜在的风险，而不是盲目乐观。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 这位作家从他的个人经历中获得了灵感，写出了一个关于勇气和毅力的感人故事。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 相比之下，住在城市里的人有更多的就业机会，但农村的生活环境更加宁静。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. 我们应该支持那些真正有必要的创新，而不是盲目追随潮流。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 她有一种非凡的能力，能够准确地预测市场趋势，因此她的判断总是值得信赖的。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. 为了应对粮食短缺问题，科学家们正在努力开发高产量的杂交作物。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. 尽管工作繁忙，他还是抽时间陪伴家人，因为他深知家庭的重要性。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. 这份报告强调了营养均衡的重要性，并建议人们减少高盐食物的摄入。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. 通过分析这些数据，研究人员得出结论：定期锻炼有助于缓解焦虑。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. 这位老师鼓励学生提出问题，并创造了一个让人不害怕犯错的积极环境。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $第04讲 选择性必修第一册 词汇考点 目录 01 考情透视·目标导航··························································2 02 知识导图·思维引航··························································5 03 考点突破·考法探究··························································6 考点一 Unit 1 ~Unit 5核心词汇·······································6 知识点1 核心单词知变形··················································6 知识点2 核心单词知拼写·················································16 考点二 Unit 1 ~Unit 5阅读词汇······································19 知识点1 阅读单词知词义·················································19 知识点2 核心短语知辨析·················································21 04 真题练习·命题洞现 1. 真题实战······························································23 2. 命题演练·····························································25 2024-2026年历年真题中出现的词汇统计 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 合计 Unit 1 acknowledge, analyse, circumstance, conclusion, consequence, encounter, evaluate, flow, found, gentle, gradually, insist, obtain, passion, remarkable, scientific, sum, theory, vital botanical, device, institution, mostly, numerous, property, substance 27 Unit 2 absence, advocate, combine, command, constant, critical, detect, distant, efficient, fantasy, forecast, hence, instant, nevertheless, occupation, oppose, persuade, preference, remote, rural, secure, security, switch, warning artificial, cancer, clone, innovation, mode, phrase, prospect, relevant, sensor, structure 35 Unit 3 accompany, adopt, adorable, amuse, appeal, appetite, boundary, cycle, edge, entertainment, fashion, label, reward, rewarding, stretch, superb, swing, theme, visible, wander cloth, column, cottage, valley 24 Unit 4 adjust, anger, approve, assess, bend, bother, clarify, conflict, demonstrate, differ, distinguish, embarrassed, employ, favour, imply, inquire, interact, interpret, lower, occupy, pose, react, reliable, reveal, slight, slightly, stare, tendency, trial, ultimately, vary, witness barrier, chest, component, fake, gesture, identical, internal, intervene, merely, perceive, tone 44 Unit 5 alternative, aspect, assume, assumption, boost, characteristic, chemical, consume, consumption, convince, depth, devote, digest, entire, essential, expand, extension, flavour, generate, leisure, obtain, overcome, output, reality, shortage, tackle, urban, vision, widespread fertiliser, grocery, instance, mineral, root, soil 35 总计 约125 约40 约165 考情分析 1. 频率最高的话题领域 科技创新与未来生活（innovation, artificial, efficient, remote, command, detect, secure） 身体语言与人际交往（gesture, witness, interaction, demonstrate, interpret, adjust） 人物成就与科学精神（acknowledge, obtain, passion, remarkable, theory, consequence） 自然保护与国家公园（accompany, appeal, wander, vast, visible, boundary, stretch） 2. 最常考查的词汇词性 动词：acknowledge, analyse, obtain, encounter, distinguish, demonstrate, interpret, adjust, react, convince, devote, overcome, generate, tackle, boost 名词：circumstance, consequence, passion, theory, innovation, preference, prospect, security, boundary, entertainment, gesture, anxiety, tendency, assumption, consumption, output, shortage, vision 形容词：remarkable, efficient, remote, constant, artificial, distant, adorable, incredible, vast, visible, identical, reliable, slight, conventional, essential, nutritional, urban, widespread 3. 最容易出现在完形填空中的词汇 acknowledge, obtain, encounter, distinguish, demonstrate, interpret, adjust, react, convince, devote, overcome, generate, tackle, boost, assess, reflect, imply, perceive 特点：这些词汇常用来描述人物的认知过程、行为动作和心理变化 4. 最容易出现在阅读理解中的词汇 consequence, theory, innovation, preference, prospect, security, boundary, entertainment, gesture, anxiety, tendency, assumption, consumption, output, shortage, vision, alternative, aspect, estimate 特点：这些词汇常出现在说明文和议论文的主题句、论点句及结论句中 备考建议 必须掌握（高频） 不仅要认识，还要能在写作和完形填空中主动运用 Unit 1 acknowledge, obtain, passion, remarkable, theory, consequence Unit 2 innovation, preference, prospect, secure, switch, detect Unit 3 appeal, wander, vast, visible, stretch, incredible Unit 4 demonstrate, interpret, adjust, react, reveal, witness Unit 5 convince, devote, overcome, generate, tackle, boost, shortage 重点掌握（中频） 重点记忆搭配、派生词和熟词生义 Unit 1 analyse（分析）, circumstance（环境/情况）, flow（流动/流畅） Unit 2 command（命令/掌握）, constant（不断的/常数）, remote（遥远的/偏远的） Unit 3 edge（边缘/优势）, fashion（时尚/方式）, rare（稀少的/半熟的） Unit 4 gesture（手势/姿态）, tone（语气/色调）, trial（试验/审讯） Unit 5 assume（假设/承担）, digest（消化/领会）, output（产量/输出） 了解即可（低频或未出现） 认识即可，不需要主动输出 Unit 1 academy, apparently, chart, defeat, doctorate, draft, formula, institution, liquid, malaria, novelist, objective, peculiarity, penicillin, politician, property, relativity, sum Unit 2 abnormal, appliance, automatic, available, electrical, integrated, knob, leak, mode, nanobot, obey, potential, predict, resist, routine, sensor, wiring Unit 3 amusement, aquarium, ban, bless, cloth, cream, cycle, fountain, glacier, iron, journalist, leopard, lung, pedal, pirate, prohibition, reindeer, roller coaster, steam, swing, teapot, territory Unit 4 appropriate, ashamed, breakdown, ceiling, chest, employ, incident, inquire, intervene, lower, nonverbal, occupation, straighten up, tick Unit 5 alleviate, attain, bacterium, bomb, celebrity, chemical, crisis, domestic, envision, grain, hybrid, organic, pesticide, pollinate, root, salty, sorghum, strain, tunnel, wheat, yield 考点一 选择性必修1 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1. If you’re willing to drive a little further, the Ritz-Carlton Los Angeles promises luxurious rooms and extensive leisure facilities — perfect for turning a game day into a great weekend escape. (2026年新高考全国I卷阅读A篇)如果你愿意开远一点车，洛杉矶丽思卡尔顿酒店将为你提供豪华客房和丰富的休闲设施——非常适合把比赛日变成一个美好的周末度假之旅。 2.Just as my willpower was about to crumble, the doctor's stern voice and that terrifying sharp pain in my chest echoed in my mind, anchoring me back to reality. (2026年新高考全国II卷应用文写作)就在我的意志力快要崩溃的那一刻，医生严厉的声音和胸口那阵可怕的剧痛在脑海中回响，把我拉回了现实。 3.The D.C. area is home to many outstanding Chinese restaurants, but diners willing to travel outside the city limits will also be rewarded. (2026年新高考全国II卷阅读A篇)华盛顿特区地区有许多优秀的中餐馆，但愿意到市区以外的地方去寻觅的食客也会有所收获。 4.This optimization (优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. (2026年1月浙江卷阅读D篇)这次优化旨在增加碳储存量，并延长其储存时长。 5.The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. (2025年新高考全国II卷语法填空)在我住的地方，阳光晒干的衣服闻起来格外宜人，这要归功于没有雾霾，以及午后常有蓝天和大量新鲜空气。 6.I’m writing to politely inquire about the progress of the article. Would you mind letting me know how it’s going? (2025年新高考全国II卷应用文写作)我写信是想礼貌地询问一下文章的进展情况。您能告知我目前的情况吗？ 7.I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. (2024年北京卷阅读B篇)我觉得很难，但仍然希望能及格。结果我没及格，分数很低。我之前太自信了。如今，我被认定为一无是处。 Unit 1 1.committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commit vt. 承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)　vi. 忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→commitment n. 投入；承诺 2．conclusion n. 结论；推论→conclude v. 下结论；得出结论 3．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgment n. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 4．gentle adj. 温柔的；文静的→gently adv. 温柔地；温和地 5．boil vt.&vi. (使)沸腾；煮开；烧开　n. 沸腾；沸点→boiled adj. 煮开的→boiling adj. 沸腾的 6．remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的→remarkably adv.惊人地→remark v．&n. 谈论；评论 7．consequence n. 结果；后果→consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv. 结果；因此 8．evaluate vt. 评价；评估→evaluation n. 评价；评估 9.apparently adv. 显而易见；看来；显然→apparent adj. 显而易见的；明显的 10．gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地→gradual adj. 逐渐的 11．analyse vt. 分析→analyst n. 分析师；分析家→ n. 分析→(pl.) analyses 12．scientific adj. 科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientifically adv. 合乎科学地→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家 13．vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的→ vitally adv. 极其 14．theory n. 理论；学说→theoretical adj. 理论上的 15．novelist n. 小说家→novel n. (长篇)小说 16．politician n. 从政者；政治家；政客→politics n. 政治→political adj. 与政治有关的 17．relativity n. 相对论；相对性→relative adj. 相对的n. 亲戚→relate v. 叙述；使有联系；有关联 18.infer vt. 推断；推定→inference n. 推断；推论→/inferred/inferring (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 19．passion n. 酷爱；激情→passionate adj. 热情的；狂热的 20．academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj. 学业的；学术的→academically adv. 学业上；学术上 21.botanical adj. 植物学的→botany n. 植物学 22．objective n. 目标；目的　adj. 客观的→object n. 物体v. 反对→(反)subjective adj. 主观的 23．distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinctive adj. 独特的；特别的；有特色的→distinction n. 清楚；清晰 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. She is a ________________ teacher who cares deeply about her students. She ________________ herself to helping children learn. Her ________________ to education is truly inspiring. (commit) 2. In ________________ , I think we should accept the offer. After much discussion, we ________________ that the plan was not feasible. (conclusion) 3. The scientist ________________ the contributions of his team in his speech. His public ________________ of their hard work motivated everyone. (acknowledge) 4. The mother spoke in a ________________ voice to calm her crying baby. She ________________ stroked the child's hair. (gentle) 5. Water ________________ at 100 degrees Celsius. The ________________ water bubbled in the pot. The ________________ eggs were ready to be peeled. (boil) 6. It is ________________ how quickly technology has advanced. The ________________ change has affected every aspect of our lives. The expert ________________ on the significance of this development. (remarkable) 7. The flood had serious ________________ for the local farmers. The heavy rain caused a ________________ rise in the river level. ________________ , many homes were destroyed. (consequence) 8. It is difficult to ________________ the success of the project at this early stage. A thorough ________________ will be conducted after the project is completed. (evaluate) 9. ________________ , he had forgotten to lock the door. It was ________________ to everyone that he was lying. (apparent) 10. The weather improved ________________ over the course of the day. There was a ________________ change in temperature. (gradual) 11. The data will be ________________ by the research team. The ________________ will present the findings at the conference. The final ________________ will be published next month. (analyse) 12. The ________________ method requires careful measurement. The experiment was conducted ________________ . The importance of ________________ cannot be overstated. The famous ________________ made a groundbreaking discovery. (scientific) 13. Good communication is ________________ for a successful team. It is ________________ important to listen to others' opinions. (vital) 14. In ________________ , the universe began with a big bang. The professor explained the ________________ framework behind the discovery. (theory) 15. The famous ________________ published his first book at the age of 25. The ________________ was later adapted into a movie. (novelist) 16. The ________________ gave a speech about healthcare reform. She studied ________________ in college and later became involved in ________________ campaigns. (politician) 17. Einstein's ________________ changed our understanding of physics. The ________________ speed of light is about 300,000 kilometers per second. Many people find it hard to ________________ to the concepts in this field. (relativity) 18. From the evidence, we can ________________ that he was telling the truth. This ________________ was later confirmed by other facts. (infer) 19. She has a great ________________ for music and plays the piano beautifully. She is a ________________ performer who puts her heart into every piece. (passion) 20. He is a respected member of the medical ________________. His ________________ achievements have won him many awards. He excels both socially and ________________. (academy) 21. The ________________ garden contains many rare species. She decided to study ________________ at university. (botanical) 22. The ________________ of this project is to reduce waste. His ________________ view is influenced by his personal experiences. He ________________ to the decision because he felt it was unfair. (objective) 23. There is a ________________ difference between the two species. The bird has a ________________ call that is easy to recognize. The ________________ between right and wrong is not always clear. (distinct) 【答案】 1. committed, commits, commitment 2. conclusion, concluded 3. acknowledged, acknowledgment 4. gentle, gently 5. boils, boiling, boiled 6. remarkable, remarkable, remarked 7. consequences, consequent, Consequently 8. evaluate, evaluation 9. Apparently, apparent 10. gradually, gradual 11. analysed, analyst, analysis 12. scientific, scientifically, science, scientist 13. vital, vitally 14. theory, theoretical 15. novelist, novel 16. politician, politics, political 17. relativity, relative, relate 18. infer, inference 19. passion, passionate 20. academy, academic, academically 21. botanical, botany 22. objective, objective, objected 23. distinct, distinctive, distinction Unit 2 1.distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→ distance n. 距离；远处 2．combine vt.&vi. (使)结合；混合→combination n. 结合；混合 3．persuade vt. 劝说；说服→persuasion n. 说服→persuasive adj. 有说服力的 4．oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠→opposed adj. 反对的 5．efficient adj. 效率高的；有功效的→efficiently adv. 有效地→efficiency n. 效率；功率→(反) inefficient adj. 无效的 6．preference n. 爱好；偏爱→prefer v. 喜欢 7．instant n. 瞬间；片刻　adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的→instantly adv. 立刻；马上 8．command n. 指令；命令；控制　vt. 命令；控制→ commander n. 指挥官 9．warning n. 警告；警示；先兆→warn v. 警告；警示 10．abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的→(反) normal adj. 正常的→normally adv. 正常地 11．accurate adj. 精确的；准确的→accurately adv. 精确地；准确地→accuracy n. 准确；精确 12.potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地→potential adj. 可能的；潜在的　n. 潜力；可能性 13．fantasy n. 幻想；想象→fantastic adj. 奇异的；空想的；异想天开的 14．security n. 保护措施；安全工作→secure adj. 安全的；稳妥的 15．obey vi.&vt. 服从；遵守→(反) disobey 不服从；不遵守 16．crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为→criminal n. 罪犯 17．predict vt. 预测；预言；预料→prediction n. 预测；预言 18．occupation n. 职业；占领→occupy v. 占领；占据→ occupied adj. 占用的；被占领的；忙于……的 19．absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj. 缺席的；不在场的 20．advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护　n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者→advocation n. 拥护；支持 21．emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性→emphasise v. 强调；重视 22．resist vi.&vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡→resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒→resistant adj. 抵制的；有抵抗力的 23．librarian n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长→library n. 图书馆 24. integrate vi.&vt. (使)合并；成为一体→integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 25．automatic adj. 自动的→automatically adv. 自动地 26．detect vt. 发现；查明→detective n. 侦探→detector n. 探测器 27．electrical adj. 电的；用电的→electricity n. 电→electronic adj. 电子的 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The star is very ________________ from the Earth. The ________________ between the two cities is about 500 kilometers. (distant) 2. We need to ________________ theory with practice. The ________________ of these two methods produced excellent results. (combine) 3. She tried to ________________ her friend to change his mind. Her ________________ was very effective because she used ________________ arguments. (persuade) 4. Many people ________________ the construction of a new factory near their homes. They are strongly ________________ to the plan. (oppose) 5. This new machine is very ________________. It works ________________ and saves a lot of time. The ________________ of the system has been greatly improved. (efficient) 6. Everyone has their own ________________ in music. I ________________ classical music to pop. (preference) 7. The accident happened in an ________________. The ________________ response saved the patient's life. He ________________ realized that he had made a mistake. (instant) 8. The general gave a ________________ to his troops. He ________________ them to advance immediately. He is a strict but fair ________________. (command) 9. The weather forecast gave a ________________ of heavy storms. The authorities ________________ residents to stay indoors. (warning) 10. His behavior was ________________ for someone of his age. Under ________________ circumstances, he would have reacted differently. He ________________ wakes up at 7 am every day. (abnormal) 11. The scientist made an ________________ measurement of the distance. She ________________ calculated the results. The ________________ of the data is critical for the experiment. (accurate) 12. This new technology could ________________ change our lives. It has the ________________ to revolutionize many industries. (potential) 13. He lives in a world of ________________ . He has many ________________ ideas that seem impossible to achieve. (fantasy) 14. The airport has tightened ________________ measures. Passengers can feel ________________ when flying with this airline. (security) 15. Soldiers are trained to ________________ orders. It is dangerous to ________________ the rules in this situation. (obey) 16. He was found guilty of the ________________ . The ________________ was sentenced to ten years in prison. (crime) 17. It is difficult to ________________ what will happen in the future. His ________________ turned out to be correct. (predict) 18. What is your current ________________ ? The army ________________ the city during the war. She is ________________ with her work at the moment. (occupation) 19. His frequent ________________ from class worried his teachers. He was ________________ from school yesterday due to illness. (absence) 20. She is a strong ________________ of environmental protection. She ________________ reducing plastic waste. Her ________________ of these ideas has inspired many people. (advocate) 21. The school places great ________________ on academic achievement. The teacher ________________ the importance of regular practice. (emphasis) 22. It is difficult to ________________ change when you are comfortable with the status quo. The ________________ from the local community was strong. Some people are ________________ to new ideas. (resist) 23. The ________________ helped me find the book I needed. The school ________________ has a large collection of novels. (librarian) 24. The school aims to ________________ students with special needs into regular classrooms. The ________________ curriculum helps students connect different subjects. (integrate) 25. The heating system is fully ________________ . The doors open ________________ when someone approaches. (automatic) 26. The device can ________________ the presence of smoke. The ________________ arrived at the crime scene to look for clues. The smoke ________________ sounded the alarm. (detect) 27. The ________________ system in this house needs to be repaired. We rely on ________________ to power our daily lives. He bought an ________________ dictionary that can be accessed on his tablet. (electrical) 【答案】 1. distant, distance 2. combine, combination 3. persuade, persuasion, persuasive 4. oppose, opposed 5. efficient, efficiently, efficiency 6. preference, prefer 7. instant, instant, instantly 8. command, commanded, commander 9. warning, warned 10. abnormal, normal, normally 11. accurate, accurately, accuracy 12. potentially, potential 13. fantasy, fantastic 14. security, secure 15. obey, disobey 16. crime, criminal 17. predict, prediction 18. occupation, occupied, occupied 19. absence, absent 20. advocate, advocates, advocation 21. emphasis, emphasises 22. resist, resistance, resistant 23. librarian, library 24. integrate, integrated 25. automatic, automatically 26. detect, detective, detector 27. electrical, electricity, electronic Unit 3 1.appeal　vi. 有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉　n. 吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求→appealing adj. 有吸引力的；恳求的→(反) unappealing adj. 不吸引人的 2．adopt vt. 采用；采取；采纳　vt.&vi. 领养→adoption n. 领养；收养；采纳→adopted adj. 领养的 3．rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的→reward vt. 报答；奖赏　n. 报答；报酬 4．entertainment n. 娱乐；招待；娱乐活动；文娱节目→entertain v. 娱乐；招待→entertaining adj. 有趣的；娱乐性的；令人愉快的→entertained adj. 愉快的→entertainer n. 表演者；艺人 5．bless vt. 祝福→blessing n. 幸事；福气→blessed adj. 有幸具有的；幸运的 6.amuse vt. (提供)消遣；(使)娱乐→amusement n. 娱乐(活动)；愉悦→amusing adj. 有趣的→amused adj. 感到有趣的 7．prohibit vt. (尤指以法令)禁止；阻止→prohibition n. 禁止；阻止；禁令 8．cycle n. 自行车；摩托车；循环　vi. 骑自行车→cyclist n. 骑自行车的人→recycle v. 循环；再利用 9．fashion n. 时尚；时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj. 时尚的；流行的 10．visible adj. 看得见的；可见的→invisible adj. 看不 11．rare adj. 稀少的；珍贵的；(肉)半熟的→rarely adv. 很少；难得 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The idea of traveling to new places ________________ to many people. The job has great ________________. It is an ________________ opportunity for those who love adventure. However, some may find the lifestyle ________________. (appeal) 2. The committee decided to ________________ a new approach to solving the problem. The ________________ of the new policy has been widely supported. The ________________ child felt grateful for his loving family. (adopt) 3. Teaching is a ________________ career. The school ________________ its best teachers with bonuses. The recognition itself was a great ________________. (rewarding) 4. Watching movies is a popular form of ________________. The magician ________________ the audience with his amazing tricks. His performance was highly ________________. The children were thoroughly ________________ by the show. He works as a professional ________________. (entertainment) 5. May the gods ________________ you on your journey. Good health is a great ________________. They are ________________ to have such wonderful children. (bless) 6. The comedian's jokes ________________ the entire audience. The children played games for ________________. The story was so ________________ that everyone laughed. She looked ________________ by the funny performance. (amuse) 7. The school ________________ students from using mobile phones in class. The ________________ against smoking in public places has been effective. (prohibit) 8. He ________________ to work every day to stay healthy. The ________________ is also a popular means of transportation. We should ________________ plastic bottles to reduce waste. (cycle) 9. She always follows the latest ________________. Her clothes are very ________________. (fashion) 10. The stars are ________________ on a clear night. Some gases are ________________ to the naked eye. (visible) 11. This species of bird is very ________________. It ________________ appears in this area. (rare) 【答案】 1. appeals, appeal, appealing, unappealing 2. adopt, adoption, adopted 3. rewarding, rewards, reward 4. entertainment, entertained, entertaining, entertained, entertainer 5. bless, blessing, blessed 6. amused, amusement, amusing, amused 7. prohibits, prohibition 8. cycles, cyclist, recycle 9. fashion, fashionable 10. visible, invisible 11. rare, rarely Unit 4 1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响 2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类 3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的 4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者→employment n．雇用；聘用 5．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异 6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorable adj.赞成的；有利的 7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地 8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖 9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微 10．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定 11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育 12．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→bare adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的 13．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业 14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的 15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的 16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬 17．ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的 18．adjust vt.调整；调节vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应 19．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；作用 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Social ________________ is important for children's development. Teachers encourage students to ________________ with each other during group work. (interaction) 2. Opinions on this issue ________________ from person to person. There are ________________ reasons why people choose different careers. The ________________ of choices can be overwhelming. (vary) 3. Her parents ________________ of her decision to study abroad. She sought their ________________ before applying. They gave her an ________________ nod. (approve) 4. The company ________________ over 100 workers at its new factory. The ________________ are satisfied with their working conditions. The ________________ provides health insurance for all staff. The ________________ rate has increased this year. (employ) 5. The twins ________________ greatly in personality. They have very ________________ interests. The age ________________ between them is only two minutes. (differ) 6. She always ________________ her younger brother in arguments. The weather conditions are ________________ for outdoor activities. He did me a great ________________ by helping me move. (favour) 7. His rude behavior filled her with ________________. She was ________________ at his words. She spoke ________________ to him. (anger) 8. He is a ________________ friend who always keeps his promises. You can ________________ on him to help you in times of need. (reliable) 9. There has been a ________________ improvement in his health. His condition has improved ________________. (slight) 10. It is difficult to ________________ the damage caused by the storm. A full ________________ will be completed next week. (assess) 11. The famous ________________ gave a speech on the importance of critical thinking. Parents should ________________ their children to be kind and honest. A well-________________ person is more likely to succeed. Quality ________________ is the key to a better future. (educator) 12. He ________________ spoke a word during the entire meeting. The room was ________________ and empty. (barely) 13. The construction project will ________________ most of his time. He is currently ________________ with urgent matters. His ________________ as a teacher has brought him great joy. (occupy) 14. It is hard to ________________ between the two similar species. He is a ________________ scientist who has won many awards. (distinguish) 15. Waiting for the test results caused him a lot of ________________. He felt ________________ about the outcome. (anxiety) 16. She felt ________________ when she forgot her lines on stage. The situation was ________________ for everyone involved. His question ________________ her greatly. (embarrassed) 17. He was ________________ of his selfish behavior. What a ________________ thing to do! The cheater was completely ________________ . (ashamed) 18. It took him a while to ________________ to life in a new country. The chair has an ________________ height setting. He made a few minor ________________ to the plan. (adjust) 19. The audience ________________ enthusiastically to the performance. Her immediate ________________ was one of surprise. (react) 【答案】 1. interaction, interact 2. vary, various, variety 3. approved, approval, approving 4. employs, employees, employer, employment 5. differ, different, difference 6. favours, favourable, favour 7. anger, angry, angrily 8. reliable, rely 9. slight, slightly 10. assess, assessment 11. educator, educate, educated, education 12. barely, bare 13. occupy, occupied, occupation 14. distinguish, distinguished 15. anxiety, anxious 16. embarrassed, embarrassing, embarrassed 17. ashamed, shameful, shameless 18. adjust, adjustable, adjustments 19. reacted, reaction Unit 5 1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotion n．献身；忠诚；热爱 2．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的 3．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→assume v．假定；设想→assuming conj.假定；假设 4．consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费→consume vt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→consumer n．消费者；用户；客户 5．salty adj.含盐的；咸的→salt n．盐 6．extension n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend vt.伸开；展开；延伸 7．chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n．化学制品；化学品→chemistry n．化学 8．nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→nutrition n．营养；滋养 9．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj.深的→deepen vt.加深；(使)变深 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. She ________________ her entire life to helping others. Her ________________ to the cause was truly inspiring. (devote) 2. He tried to ________________ his boss to give him a raise. His argument was very ________________ . I am ________________ that he will succeed. (convince) 3. The ________________ that all people are equal is the foundation of democracy. We ________________ that the economy will improve next year. ________________ this is true, what should we do next? (assumption) 4. The ________________ of electricity increases during summer months. Air conditioners ________________ a large amount of energy. The rising prices affect every ________________ . (consumption) 5. This soup is too ________________ . Please add more water to reduce the ________________ content. (salty) 6. They are building an ________________ to the hospital. The company plans to ________________ its business to Asia. (extension) 7. The ________________ reaction produced a toxic gas. He studied ________________ at university. (chemical) 8. The ________________ value of this food is very high. It is a ________________ meal that provides essential vitamins. Good ________________ is important for overall health. (nutritional) 9. The ________________ of the ocean is difficult to measure. The water is very ________________ here. The experience will ________________ their understanding of the problem. (depth) 【答案】 1. devoted, devotion 2. convince, convincing, convinced 3. assumption, assume, Assuming 4. consumption, consume, consumer 5. salty, salt 6. extension, extend 7. chemical, chemistry 8. nutritional, nutritious, nutrition 9. depth, deep, deepen 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 2．vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 3．academic adj. 学业的；学术的 4．objective n. 目标；目的　adj. 客观的 5．distinct adj. 清晰的；清楚的；有区别的 6．boil vt.& vi. (使)沸腾；烧开　n.沸腾；沸点 7．liquid n. 液体　adj. 液体的；液态的 8．obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得　vi. (规章、习俗等)存在；流行 9．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 10．defeat n. 失败；挫败　vt. 击败；战胜 11．analyse vt. 分析 12．insist vi.& vt. 坚持；坚决要求 13．conclusion n. 结论；推论 14．flee vi.& vt. 迅速离开；逃跑 15．circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况 16．flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应　vi. 流；流动 17．chart n. 图表　vt. 记录；制订计划 18．found vt. 创建；建立；把……建立在 19．infer vt. 推断；推定 20．theory n. 理论；学说 21．gentle adj. 温柔的；文静的 22．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；想不到的 23．consequence n. 结果；后果 24．encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到　n. 邂逅；遭遇 25．mourn vt.& vi. 哀悼；忧伤 26．remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的 27．sum vi.总结；概括　n.金额；款项；总数；总和 28．draft n. 草稿；草案　vt. 起草；草拟 Unit 2 1．persuade vt. 劝说；说服 2．switch vt. 转换；交换　vi.& vt. (使)改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 3．secure adj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt. 获得；拴牢；保护 4．remote adj. 远程的；偏远的 5．routine n.常规；正常顺序　adj. 常规的；日常的 6．instant n.瞬间；片刻　adj.立即的；速食的 7．command n. 指令；命令；控制　vt. 命令；控制 8．obey vi.& vt. 服从；遵守 9．constant adj.不断的；重复的；不变的　n.常数/量 10．abnormal adj. 不正常的；反常的 11．critical adj. 严重的；关键的；批判性的 12．leak vi.& vt. 漏；渗漏；透露　n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露 13．detect vt. 发现；查明 14．available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的 15．nevertheless adv. 尽管如此；不过；然而 16．security n. 保护措施；安全工作 17．crime n. 犯罪活动；不法行为 18．combine vt.& vi. (使)结合；混合 19．forecast vt.& n. 预测；预报 20．occupation n. 职业；占领 21．oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠 22．cease vi.& vt. (使)停止；终止 23．absence n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 24．rural adj. 乡村的；农村的 25．advocate vt. 提倡；支持；拥护　n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者 26．emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性 27．accurate adj. 精确的；准确的 Unit 3 1．edge n. 边；边缘；边线；刀刃　vt.& vi. (使)徐徐移动；给……加边 2．vast adj. 辽阔的；巨大的；庞大的 3．ban vt. 明令禁止；取缔　n. 禁令 4．boundary n. 边界；界限；分界线 5．visible adj. 看得见的；可见的 6．accompany vt. 陪同；陪伴；伴随；(尤指用钢琴)为……伴奏 7．adopt vt. 采用；采取；采纳　vt.& vi. 领养 8．bless vt. 祝福 9．journalist n. 新闻记者；新闻工作者 10．label vt. 用标签标明；贴标签　n. 标签；标记 11．stretch vi. 延伸；延续　vi.& vt. 伸展；舒展 12．cycle n. 自行车；摩托车；循环　vi. 骑自行车 13．route n. 路线；路途；途径 14．ahead adv. 向前；在前面；提前 15．theme adj. 有特定主题的　n. 主题；主题思想 16．appeal vi. 有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉　n. 吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求 17．adorable adj. 可爱的；讨人喜爱的 18．wander n. 游荡；闲逛；流浪　vt.& vi. 闲逛；漫游　vi. 走失；离散；走神 19．swing vt.& vi. (使)摆动；；转弯；(使)突然转向 20．fashion n. 时尚；时兴；流行款式 21．steam n. 蒸汽；水蒸气；蒸汽动力　vi. 蒸发；散发蒸汽；冒水汽 22．splendid adj.壮丽的；雄伟的；非常好的 23．display n.展览；陈列；展览品　vt. 显示；陈列 24．appetite n. 食欲；胃口；强烈欲望 25．entertainment n. 娱乐；招待；娱乐活动；文娱节目 Unit 4 1．vary vi. (根据情况)变化；改变 2．appropriate adj. 合适的；恰当的 3．approve vi. 赞成；同意　vt. 批准；通过 4．demonstrate vt. 表现；表达；说明；证明 5．witness vt.当场看到；见证　n.目击者；证人 6．interpret vt. 把……理解(解释)为　vi.& vt. 口译 7．differ vi. 相异；不同于 8．bow vi. 鞠躬；点头　vt. 低(头)　n. 弓；蝴蝶结 9．barrier n. 隔阂；障碍 10．anger n. 愤怒；怒气　vt. 使生气；激怒 11．incident n. 发生的事情；严重事件；冲突 12．trial n．& v. 审讯；审判；试验；试用 13．pose n. 故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi. 摆好姿势 vt. 造成(威胁、问题等) 14．bend vt.& vi. (使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向 15．reveal vt. 揭示；显示；露出 16．clarify vt. 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清 17．tendency n. 趋势；倾向 18．lower vt. 把……放低；降低；减少　adj. 下面的；下方的；较小的 19．imply vt. 意味着；暗示 20．barely adv. 几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚 21．occupy vt. 占据；占用 22．stare vi. 盯着看；凝视　n. 凝视 23．distinguish vi.& vt. 区分；辨别 24．ashamed adj. 羞愧；惭愧 25．bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心　n.麻烦；不便 26．conflict n. 矛盾；冲突　vi. 冲突；抵触 27．inquire vi.& vt. 询问；打听 28．ultimately adv. 最终；最后 29．adjust vt. 调整；调节　vi.& vt. 适应；(使)习惯 30．react vi. (对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应 Unit 5 1．shortage n. 不足；缺少；短缺 2．tackle vt. 解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理 3．boost vt. 使增长；使兴旺　n. 增长；提高；激励 4．characteristic n.特征；特点；品质　adj.典型的； 5．attain vt. (通常经过努力)获得；得到 6．overcome vt. 克服；解决；战胜 7．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加　vt. 扩展；发展(业务) 8．output n. 产量；输出；输出量　vt. 输出 9．estimate vt. 估计；估价；估算　n. 估计；估算 10．domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 11．generate vt. 产生；引起 12．leisure n. 闲暇；休闲；空闲 13．vision n. 想象；视力；视野；影像 14．reality n. 现实；实际情况；事实 15．urban adj. 城市的；都市的；城镇的 16．bomb n. 炸弹　vt. 轰炸；对……投炸弹 17．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的　n. 化学制品；化学品 18．flavour n. 味道；特点；特色 19．widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 20．digest vt.& vi. 消化　vt. 领会；领悟　n. 摘要；文摘 21．essential adj. 完全必要的；极其重要的 22．alternative n. 可供选择的事物　adj. 可供替代的；非传统的 23．depth n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度) 24．entirely adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地 25．aspect n. 方面；层面 考点二 选择性必修1 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1．physiology n. 生理学；生理机能 2．artemisinin n. [药]青蒿素 3．malaria n. 疟疾 4．academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校 5．botanical adj. 植物学的 6．property n. 性质；特征；财产 7．extract n. 提取物；摘录　vt. 提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出 8．wormwood n. 蒿；洋艾 9．substance n. 物质；物品；事实根据 10．mostly adv. 主要地；一般地 11．penicillin n. 青霉素；盘尼西林 12．numerous adj. 众多的；许多的 13．relativity n. 相对论；相对性 14．formula n. 公式；方程式；配方 15．genius n. 天才；天资；天赋 16．patent n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利　adj. 有专利的；受专利保护的 17．doctorate n. 博士学位 18．photoelectric adj. 光电的 19．institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗 20．institute n. (教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑 21．moustache n. 上唇的胡子；髭 22．peculiarity n. 个性；特点；怪异的性质 23．professor n. 教授 24．device n. 方法；技巧；装置；仪器 Unit 2 1．phrase n. 短语；词组 2．knob n. 旋钮；球形把手 3．appliance n. 电器；器具 4．sensor n. 传感器；敏感元件 5．mode n. 模式；方式；风格 6．warning n. 警告；警示；先兆 7．cancer n. 癌；癌症；毒瘤 8．relevant adj. 有关的；有意义的 9．fantasy n. 幻想；想象 10．innovation n. 创新；创造 11．structure n.结构；体系　vt.系统安排；精心组织 12．nanobot n. 纳米机器人 13．artificial adj. 人工的；人造的；假的 14．clone vt. 克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制　n. 克隆动物(或植物) 15．hence adv. 因此；由此 16．deceased adj. 已死的；亡故的 17．luxury n. 奢华 18．prospect n. 可能性；前景 19．paragraph n. 段；段落 20．signpost n. 路标 21．librarian n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长 Unit 3 1．buffet vt. 连续猛击；打来打去　n. 自助餐 2．cloth n. (一块)布；织物；布料 3．valley n. 谷；山谷；溪谷 4．glacier n. 冰川 5．reindeer n. 驯鹿 6．territory n. 领土；版图；领域；地盘 7．cottage n. 小屋；(尤指)村舍；小别墅 8．sour adj. 酸的；有酸味的 9．sneeze vi. 打喷嚏　n. 喷嚏；喷嚏声 10．teapot n. 茶壶 11.cream n. 奶油；乳脂；护肤霜　adj. 奶油色的 12．leopard n. 豹 13．bush n. 灌木 14．lung n. 肺 15．corridor n. 狭长地带；走廊；过道；通道 16．pedal n. (自行车等的)脚蹬子；踏板　vt.& vi. 骑自行车；踩踏板 17．fountain n. 喷泉；人工喷泉；喷水池 18．pirate n. 海盗；盗版者　vt. 盗印；窃用 19．iron n. 铁；铁器；铸铁；熨斗　vt.& vi. (用熨斗)熨；烫平 20．superb adj. 极佳的；卓越的 21．aquarium n. 水族馆；水族玻璃槽；养鱼缸 22．polar adj. (近)极地的；南极(或北极)的；磁极的 23．column n. (书、报纸印刷页上的)栏；专栏；柱(形物) Unit 4 1．interaction n. 交流；相互影响 2．gesture n. 手势；姿势；姿态 3．identical adj. 相同的 4．cheek n. 面颊；脸颊 5．waist n. 腰；腰部 6．fake adj. 假装的；假的；冒充的 7．twin adj. 双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的　n. 孪生之一；双胞胎之一 8．nonverbal adj. 不涉及言语的；非言语的 9．internal adj. 内部的；里面的 10．slump vi. 垂头弯腰地走(或坐等) 11．educator n. 教师；教育工作者；教育家 12．tick vt. 给(试卷、问题等)打钩号　vi. (钟表)发出嘀嗒声　n. 钩号 13．chin n. 下巴 14．ceiling n. 天花板；上限 15．perceive vt. 察觉；看待；理解 16．chest n. 胸部；胸膛 17．merely adv. 只是；仅仅；只不过 18．weep vi.& vt. 哭泣；流泪 19．intervene vi. 干预；介入 20．component n. 组成部分；零件 21．tone n. 语气；腔调；口吻 Unit 5 1．hybrid n. 杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车 2．crisis n. 危机；危急关头 3．yield n. 产量；产出　vt. 出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等)　vi. 屈服；让步 4．pollinate vt. 授粉；传粉 5．comprise vt. 包括；包含；由……组成 6．strain n. (动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力 7．soil n. 泥土；土壤；国土；领土 8．celebrity n. 名望；名誉；名人；名流 9．envision vt. 展望；想象 10．sorghum n. 高粱；高粱米 11．broom n. 扫把；扫帚；金雀花 12．grain n. 谷物；谷粒；颗粒 13．salty adj. 含盐的；咸的 14．tunnel n. 地下通道；地道；隧道 15．wheat n. 小麦；小麦籽 16．fertiliser n. 肥料 17．alleviate vt. 减轻；缓解 18．poverty n. 贫穷；贫困 19．organic adj. 有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的 20．pesticide n. 杀虫剂；除害药物 21．bacterium n. 细菌 22．mineral n. 矿物；矿物质 23．grocery n. 食品杂货店；[pl.]__食品杂货 24．instance n. 例子；实例；事例 25．root n. 根；根茎；根部；根源 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1．be born in ... 出生于…… 2．get stuck 被困住/卡住 3．draw out 取出；拉长 4．insist on 坚决要求 5．wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 6．commit oneself to sth/doing sth/do sth 承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 7．make contributions to 对……做出贡献 8．come to power (开始)掌权；上台 9．as a consequence 结果 10．take up a position 担任；任职 11．stand on end 竖起来 12．sum up 总结；概括 13．scores of 许多，大量 14．manage to do sth 设法成功做了某事 Unit 2 1．switch off/on 关/开(电灯、机器等) 2．all the time 一直；向来；每时每刻 3．early on 在初期；早先 4．catch fire 着火 5．in this sense in ... sense 从这种(某种)意义上来讲 6．benefit from 从……中受益 7．care about 担心；关心 8．keep in touch with ... 与…… 保持联系； 9．exchange ... with 与……交换 10．can't agree more 再同意不过；非常同意 11．work on 忙于；从事于 12．cut down 砍倒；削减 13．put one's mind at rest 使某人安心 14．all in all 总而言之 Unit 3 1．spread out 伸展，延长 2．on the move 在行进中；在移动中 3．set out 出发；启程；(怀着目标)开始工作 4．live off 依靠……生活；以吃……为生 5．at the top of the list 在列表的顶端 6．appeal to 有吸引力；有感染力；呼吁；上诉； 7．have fun 玩得开心 8．put on 上演；穿上 9. look for 寻找 10．up to 达到(某数量、程度等)；直到；能胜任 11．upside down 颠倒；倒转；翻转 12．plenty of 许多；大量 13．come up with 提出；想出；赶上 Unit 4 1．by contrast 相比之下 2．by comparison (与……)相比较 3．make inferences 推理；推断 4．break down 消除；分解；打破 5．in favour of 支持；赞同 6．straighten up 直起来；整理；收拾整齐 7．call on (短暂地)访问；要求讲话等；正式邀请 8．have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 9．in other words 换句话说；也就是说 10．at work 有某种影响；在工作 11．communicate with ... 和……交流 12．from now on 从现在开始 13．present sth to sb 把某物交给某人 14．act as 担当 Unit 5 1．devote ... to 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 2．work as 从事……工作 3．be comprised of 包括；包含；由……组成 4．far from 远离；远非 5．deep down 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 6．home and abroad 国内外 7．dream up 梦想 8．for instance 例如；比如 9．in turn 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 10．in fact 事实上；实际上 11．be rich in 在……方面充足 12．keep ... from doing sth 阻止……做某事 13．set up 建立 一、 真题实战 1.(2026年新高考全国II卷阅读A篇) Queen’s English This nice Cantonese restaurant in Columbia Heights quickly became a destination for chef Henji Cheung’s Hong Kong-style cooking and co-owner Sarah Thompson’s natural wine list that earned her a Michelin nod. Reserve a spot indoors, at its chef’s counter, or covered dog-friendly patio (露台), with creative wine tastings in the mix. Dinner hours: Tuesday through Thursday 5:30 p.m. — 9:00 p.m. (last seating); Friday and Saturday 5:00 p.m. — 9:30 p.m. (last seating). Closed on Sunday and Monday. 23. What do we know about the Cantonese restaurant in Columbia Heights? A. It is open only on weekdays. B. It adopts a no-pet policy. C. It takes no reservations. D. It serves only dinner. 【答案】 23. D 细节理解题。根据Queen’s English部分中的“Dinner hours: Tuesday through Thursday 5:30 p.m. — 9:00 p.m. (last seating); Friday and Saturday 5:00 p.m. — 9:30 pm (last seating). Closed on Sunday and Monday.(晚餐营业时间：周二至周四下午5点30分到晚上9点；周五、周六下午5点到晚上9点30分；周日、周一歇业。)”可知，这家餐厅只供应晚餐。 【思维建模】adopt 在此处意为“采用、采取”，与 policy（政策、规定）搭配构成 adopt a policy，意为“施行某项规定”。原文提到餐厅有 covered dog-friendly patio（带顶棚且允许犬只进入的露台），说明该餐厅未实行禁止宠物入内的政策，即 does not adopt a no-pet policy。在阅读理解第23题的 B 选项“It adopts a no-pet policy”中，adopts a no-pet policy 意为“实行禁止宠物入内的政策”，与原文信息矛盾，因此排除。理解 adopt 与 policy 的固定搭配，有助于快速识别选项中的语义正误。 2.(2026年新高考全国I卷完形填空) I grew up in a little town in northeast Ohio. The ____41____ of how little people knew about Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania. Though I lived ____42____ three and a half hours away, most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world. “Do you have to fly home? Do you live on a farm?” 41. A. fantasy B. prejudice C. realization D. expectation 42. A. only B. indeed C. still D. even 【答案】41. C 42. A 41.考查名词。句意：在我去宾夕法尼亚州中部上学后，我很快意识到人们对俄亥俄了解甚少。A. fantasy幻想；B. prejudice偏见；C. realization领悟、认知；D. expectation期待。根据后文“how little people knew about Ohio came quickly after I went to school in central Pennsylvania.”以及“most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world.”可知，作者上学后才认识到人们对俄亥俄了解甚少。 42.考查副词。句意：尽管我住的地方仅仅只有三个半小时路程，但大多数同学都觉得俄亥俄完全是另一个世界。A. only仅仅；B. indeed的确；C. still仍然；D. even甚至。根据后文“Do you have to fly home?”可知，同学误以为距离极远要坐飞机回家，实际路程很短，只有三个半小时路程。 【思维建模】fantasy 意为“幻想、想象”，与后文的 realization（认识到、意识到）形成语义对比。文章第一句说作者在俄亥俄州小镇长大，空格处描述的是他去宾夕法尼亚州上学后产生的某种认知，而第41题的四个选项中，fantasy 是“不切实际的幻想”，prejudice 是“偏见”，realization 是“认识/意识到”，expectation 是“期待”。根据后文“most of my classmates thought of Ohio as a whole different world”以及他们问“你是坐飞机回家吗？你住在农场吗？”可知，作者是“意识到”同学们对俄亥俄州知之甚少，而不是“幻想”或“偏见”。因此 fantasy 在此处是干扰项，与上下文所需的客观认知形成对立。理解 fantasy 与 realization 的语义差别，有助于排除该选项。 3.(2026年新高考全国II卷完形填空) There were times when I found myself wondering if I should pack it all in, but the boy’s words kept ringing in my ears: I knew I needed nothing else to succeed but a bit of ____54____ and hard work. I ____55____ to find a way out of my shame and into a pattern of work that I loved. 54. A. self-belief B. know-how C. brainstorming D. teamwork 55. A. remembered B. agreed C. managed D. hesitated 【答案】 54. A 55. C 54.考查名词。句意：我也曾数次萌生放弃的念头，但男孩的话语始终在耳边回响：我明白，想要成功，我只需拥有一点自信，并为之付出努力。A. self-belief自信；B. know-how专业技能；C. brainstorming头脑风暴；D. teamwork团队合作。结合语境可推知，作者此前缺乏自信，认为未出生在文学世家，所以不敢追梦，因此深知自信的重要性。 55.考查动词。句意：我设法走出内心的羞愧，投入到自己热爱的写作事业中。A. remembered记得；B. agreed同意；C. managed设法做到；D. hesitated犹豫。根据上文“I knew I needed nothing else to succeed but a bit of and hard work.”以及下文“to find a way out of my shame and into a pattern of work that I loved”可推知，此处指作者设法走出自己的自卑愧疚，投入到热爱的事业中。“manage to do sth.” 意为“设法做成某事”。 【思维建模】shame 意为“羞耻、羞愧”，在此处指作者因缺乏自信或觉得自己不够格而产生的负面自我认知。文中提到作者曾想放弃（pack it all in），但男孩的话让他意识到成功只需要 self-belief（自信）和 hard work（努力），最终他 managed to find a way out of my shame（设法走出了羞愧）。shame 与 self-belief 构成直接对立——前者是自我怀疑、自我否定，后者是对自身能力的信任。在完形填空中，理解 shame 的情感色彩有助于判断第54题选择 self-belief 的逻辑：正是因为作者深陷 shame，他才意识到自己真正缺少的不是专业技能（know-how）或团队合作（teamwork），而是最基本的自信。同时，shame 也与后文 into a pattern of work that I loved 形成情感转折——从负面情绪走向积极行动。 4.(2025年新高考全国II卷语法填空) The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. 【答案】43. absence 44. afternoons 43.查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。 44.考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。 2、 命题演练 （一）用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15题，每题1个空） 1. She is a ________________ teacher who cares deeply about her students. (commit) 【答案】committed 【详解】句意：她是一位尽心尽力的老师，非常关心她的学生。空后teacher为名词，需要形容词作定语。commit的形容词形式是committed，意为“尽心尽力的；坚定的”。 2. After analyzing all the data, the research team ________________ that their initial hypothesis was wrong. (conclusion) 【答案】concluded 【详解】句意：分析了所有数据后，研究小组得出结论认为他们最初的假设是错误的。空处缺少谓语动词，conclusion 的动词形式是 conclude，意为“下结论”，此处描述过去发生的动作，用过去式 concluded。 3. The scientist ________________ the contributions of his team in his speech. (acknowledge) 【答案】acknowledged 【详解】句意：这位科学家在演讲中公开感谢了他团队的贡献。空处缺少谓语动词，acknowledge意为“承认；感谢”，描述过去动作，用过去式。 4. She spoke to the child ________________ and patiently. (gentle) 【答案】gently 【详解】句意：她温柔而耐心地对孩子说话。空处修饰动词spoke，需要副词。gentle的副词形式是gently，意为“温柔地”。 5. The pot of water is ________________ on the stove. (boil) 【答案】boiling 【详解】句意：壶里的水正在炉子上沸腾。空前is为系动词，需要形容词作表语或构成进行时。boil的现在分词boiling意为“沸腾的”。 6. Technology has advanced ________________ over the past decade. (remarkable) 【答案】remarkably 【详解】句意：过去十年间技术进步显著。空处修饰动词advanced，需要副词。remarkable的副词形式是remarkably，意为“显著地”。 7. The flood had serious ________________ for the local farmers. (consequent) 【答案】consequences 【详解】句意：洪水给当地农民带来了严重的后果。空前形容词serious，需要名词作宾语。consequent的名词形式是consequence，此处用复数consequences。 8. The ________________ of the project will be completed next week. (evaluate) 【答案】evaluation 【详解】句意：项目的评估将于下周完成。空处需要名词作主语。evaluate的名词形式是evaluation，意为“评估”。 9. ________________ , the manager was not satisfied with the team's performance this quarter. (apparent) 【答案】Apparently 【详解】句意：显然，经理对本季度团队的表现并不满意。空处修饰整个句子，需要副词作句首状语。apparent 的副词形式是 apparently，意为“显然；看来”，句首首字母大写。 10. The weather improved ________________ over the course of the day. (gradual) 【答案】gradually 【详解】句意：天气在一天中逐渐好转。空处修饰动词improved，需要副词。gradual的副词形式是gradually，意为“逐渐地”。 11. The data will be ________________ by the research team. (analyse) 【答案】analysed 【详解】句意：这些数据将由研究团队分析。空处与will be构成被动语态，需要过去分词。analyse的过去分词是analysed，意为“被分析”。 12. The ________________ method requires careful measurement. (science) 【答案】scientific 【详解】句意：科学的方法需要仔细的测量。空后method为名词，需要形容词作定语。science的形容词形式是scientific，意为“科学的”。 13. Good communication is ________________ important for a successful team. (vital) 【答案】vitally 【详解】句意：良好的沟通对于一个成功的团队至关重要。空后important为形容词，需要副词修饰。vital的副词形式是vitally，意为“极其”。 14. The ________________ that the universe began with a big bang is widely accepted. (theoretical) 【答案】theory 【详解】句意：宇宙起源于大爆炸的理论被广泛接受。空处需要名词作主语。theoretical的名词形式是theory，意为“理论”。 15. The famous ________________ published his first book at the age of 25. (novel) 【答案】novelist 【详解】句意：这位著名的小说家在25岁时出版了他的第一本书。空处需要名词作主语，指人。novel的名词形式novelist意为“小说家”。 （二）根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（共20题，每题1个空） 【首字母填空1-10题】 1. He is a p______________ supporter of environmental protection. 【答案】passionate 【详解】句意：他是一个热衷于环境保护的支持者。首字母p提示，结合句意，passionate意为“热情的；狂热的”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 2. The two species are d______________ from each other in several ways. 【答案】distinct 【详解】句意：这两个物种在几个方面彼此不同。首字母d提示，结合句意，distinct意为“有区别的”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 3. The company aims to achieve its o______________ of reducing waste by 50%. 【答案】objective 【详解】句意：公司旨在实现将废物减少50%的目标。首字母o提示，结合句意，objective意为“目标”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 4. She has a strong p______________ for classical music over pop. 【答案】preference 【详解】句意：与流行音乐相比，她更偏爱古典音乐。首字母p提示，固定搭配preference for意为“对……的偏爱”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 5. The new machine is very e______________ and saves a lot of time. 【答案】efficient 【详解】句意：这台新机器非常高效，节省了大量时间。首字母e提示，结合句意，efficient意为“效率高的”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 6. Soldiers are trained to o______________ orders without question. 【答案】obey 【详解】句意：士兵被训练无条件服从命令。首字母o提示，结合句意，obey意为“服从”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 7. The idea of traveling to new places a______________ to many young people. 【答案】appeals 【详解】句意：去新地方旅行的想法对许多年轻人有吸引力。首字母a提示，appeal to意为“有吸引力”，主语为第三人称单数，用appeals，来自Unit 3核心单词。 8. The committee decided to a______________ a new approach to solving the problem. 【答案】adopt 【详解】句意：委员会决定采用一种新的方法来解决这个问题。首字母a提示，结合句意，adopt意为“采用；采取”，来自Unit 3核心单词。 9. The stars are v______________ on a clear night. 【答案】visible 【详解】句意：星星在晴朗的夜晚是可见的。首字母v提示，结合句意，visible意为“看得见的”，来自Unit 3核心单词。 10. She always follows the latest f______________ and wears trendy clothes. 【答案】fashion 【详解】句意：她总是追随最新时尚，穿时髦的衣服。首字母f提示，结合句意，fashion意为“时尚”，来自Unit 3核心单词。 【汉语提示填空11-20题】 11. Social ______________（交流）is important for children's development. 【答案】interaction 【详解】句意：社交互动对儿童的发展很重要。interaction意为“交流；相互影响”，来自Unit 4核心单词。 12. He is a ______________（可靠的）friend who always keeps his promises. 【答案】reliable 【详解】句意：他是一个可靠的朋友，总是信守承诺。reliable意为“可靠的”，来自Unit 4核心单词。 13. She felt deeply ______________（羞愧）for having lied to her best friend. 【答案】ashamed 【详解】句意：她对欺骗了自己最好的朋友感到深深地羞愧。felt后接形容词作表语，be ashamed of意为“对……感到羞愧”，此处换为for + 动名词结构表示原因，ashamed来自Unit 4核心单词。 14. The audience ______________（反应）enthusiastically to the performance. 【答案】reacted 【详解】句意：观众对演出反应热烈。空处缺少谓语动词，react意为“反应”，描述过去动作，用过去式reacted，来自Unit 4核心单词。 15. She ______________（献身）her entire life to helping others. 【答案】devoted 【详解】句意：她毕生致力于帮助他人。devote...to意为“把……献于”，描述过去动作，用过去式devoted，来自Unit 5核心单词。 16. The advertisement aims to ______________（说服）more young people to take up outdoor sports. 【答案】convince 【详解】句意：这则广告旨在说服更多年轻人从事户外运动。aims to do sth.意为“旨在做某事”，后接动词原形，convince意为“说服”，来自Unit 5核心单词。 17. The ______________（消耗）of electricity increases during summer months. 【答案】consumption 【详解】句意：夏季几个月的电力消耗会增加。consumption意为“消耗；消耗量”，来自Unit 5核心单词。 18. They are building an ______________（扩建部分）to the hospital. 【答案】extension 【详解】句意：他们正在扩建医院。extension意为“扩建部分”，来自Unit 5核心单词。 19. The ______________（深度）of the ocean is difficult to measure. 【答案】depth 【详解】句意：海洋的深度很难测量。depth意为“深度”，来自Unit 5核心单词。 20. He felt extremely ______________（尴尬的）when his phone rang loudly during the meeting. 【答案】embarrassed 【详解】句意：会议期间他的手机大声响起时，他感到极其尴尬。felt后接形容词作表语，embarrassed意为“尴尬的”，修饰人的内心感受，来自Unit 4核心单词。 （三）写作翻译练习（共15题） 1. 总之，我们应该致力于保护环境，为子孙后代创造更美好的未来。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In conclusion, we should commit ourselves to protecting the environment and creating a better future for the next generations. 【详解】“总之”用in conclusion，来自Unit 1核心短语；“致力于做某事”用commit oneself to doing sth.，commit来自Unit 1核心单词；“保护环境”用protecting the environment。 2. 显而易见，这位科学家非凡的发现将对医学研究产生重大影响。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is apparent that the scientist's remarkable discovery will have a significant impact on medical research. 【详解】“显而易见”用it is apparent that...，apparent来自Unit 1核心单词；“非凡的发现”用remarkable discovery，remarkable来自Unit 1核心单词；“对……产生重大影响”用have a significant impact on。 3. 通过多年的刻苦训练和不懈努力，他终于赢得了教练和队友们的尊重与信任。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Through years of hard training and unremitting efforts, he finally gained the respect and trust of his coach and teammates. 【详解】“通过”用through；“刻苦训练”用hard training；“不懈的努力”用unremitting efforts；“赢得”用gain，意为“获得；赢得”，常接respect/trust/experience/recognition等抽象名词，表示通过努力逐步获得某物。 4. 我们应该客观地评估每一个方案，而不是凭主观偏好做出决定。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should evaluate each option objectively rather than making a decision based on subjective preference. 【详解】“评估”用evaluate，来自Unit 1核心单词；“客观地”用objectively，objective的副词形式，来自Unit 1核心单词；“偏好”用preference，来自Unit 2核心单词。 5. 这位教育家认为，区分事实和观点是批判性思维的重要组成部分。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The educator believes that distinguishing facts from opinions is an important part of critical thinking. 【详解】“教育家”用educator，来自Unit 4核心单词；“区分”用distinguishing...from...，distinguish来自Unit 4核心单词；“重要的组成部分”用an important part。 6. 我完全同意你的观点，我们应该更加关注潜在的风险，而不是盲目乐观。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I can't agree more with your opinion that we should pay more attention to potential risks rather than being blindly optimistic. 【详解】“完全同意”用can't agree more，来自Unit 2核心短语；“关注”用pay attention to；“潜在的风险”用potential risks，potential来自Unit 2核心单词。 7. 这位作家从他的个人经历中获得了灵感，写出了一个关于勇气和毅力的感人故事。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The writer drew inspiration from his personal experiences and wrote a touching story about courage and perseverance. 【详解】“获得灵感”用drew inspiration from；“个人经历”用personal experiences；“勇气”用courage；“毅力”用perseverance。 8. 相比之下，住在城市里的人有更多的就业机会，但农村的生活环境更加宁静。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】By contrast, people living in cities have more job opportunities, but the living environment in rural areas is more peaceful. 【详解】“相比之下”用by contrast，来自Unit 4核心短语；“就业机会”用job opportunities；“农村地区”用rural areas，rural来自Unit 2核心单词。 9. 我们应该支持那些真正有必要的创新，而不是盲目追随潮流。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should advocate for innovations that are truly necessary rather than blindly following the trend. 【详解】“支持”用advocate for，advocate来自Unit 2核心单词；“创新”用innovations；“必要的”用necessary；“追随潮流”用following the trend。 10. 她有一种非凡的能力，能够准确地预测市场趋势，因此她的判断总是值得信赖的。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She has an extraordinary ability to accurately predict market trends, so her judgment is always reliable. 【详解】“非凡的”用extraordinary，来自Unit 1核心单词；“准确地”用accurately，accurate的副词形式，来自Unit 2核心单词；“预测”用predict，来自Unit 2核心单词；“值得信赖的”用reliable，来自Unit 4核心单词。 11. 为了应对粮食短缺问题，科学家们正在努力开发高产量的杂交作物。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To tackle the food shortage, scientists are working hard to develop high-yield hybrid crops. 【详解】“应对”用tackle，来自Unit 5核心单词；“粮食短缺”用food shortage，shortage来自Unit 5核心单词；“高产量的”用high-yield；“杂交作物”用hybrid crops，hybrid来自Unit 5阅读词汇。 12. 尽管工作繁忙，他还是抽时间陪伴家人，因为他深知家庭的重要性。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Despite his busy schedule, he made time to accompany his family because he deeply understands the importance of family. 【详解】“尽管”用despite；“繁忙的工作”用busy schedule；“抽时间”用made time；“陪伴”用accompany，来自Unit 3核心单词。 13. 这份报告强调了营养均衡的重要性，并建议人们减少高盐食物的摄入。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The report emphasises the importance of balanced nutrition and recommends that people reduce their intake of high-salt foods. 【详解】“强调”用emphasises，emphasis的动词形式，来自Unit 2核心单词；“营养均衡”用balanced nutrition，nutritional的名词形式，来自Unit 5核心单词；“高盐食物”用high-salt foods，salty的同根词。 14. 通过分析这些数据，研究人员得出结论：定期锻炼有助于缓解焦虑。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】By analysing these data, the researchers came to the conclusion that regular exercise helps to alleviate anxiety. 【详解】“分析”用analysing，analyse来自Unit 1核心单词；“得出结论”用came to the conclusion，conclusion来自Unit 1核心单词；“缓解焦虑”用alleviate anxiety，alleviate来自Unit 5阅读词汇。 15. 这位老师鼓励学生提出问题，并创造了一个让人不害怕犯错的积极环境。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The teacher encouraged students to ask questions and created a positive environment where people are not afraid of making mistakes. 【详解】“鼓励”用encouraged；“提出问题”用ask questions；“创造环境”用created an environment；“害怕做某事”用are afraid of doing sth.；“犯错”用making mistakes。 $