内容正文:
新仁爱版八下 Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature “探索”板块 分层作业
英语(全解全析)
班级:_________ 姓名:_________ 学号:________
基础训练
1、 按要求完成句子。
1.We always reached a(n) ___________ after discussing our travelling plan. (agree)
【答案】agreement
【详解】句意:我们总是在讨论旅行计划后达成一致。根据括号内的提示词agree,此处需要填入名词作reached的宾语,固定搭配reach an agreement表示“达成一致”,因此填agreement。
2.I don’t know ___________ (是否) my uncle will come to my birthday party tomorrow or not.
【答案】whether
【详解】句意:我不知道我叔叔明天是否会来参加我的生日派对。根据汉语提示,是否为whether或if。因题干部分句末有or not,不能与if连用,只能用whether,构成whether...or not,意为“是否”。
3.Mr. Wang gave us a clear ___________ (describe) about his life in the past.
【答案】description
【详解】句意:王先生给我们清晰地描述了他过去的生活。句中不定冠词a和形容词clear后需接名词,提示此处应将动词describe转化为名词形式。结合语境,对应的名词是description(意为“描述”)。
4.Many teenagers feel upset about the ___________ (separate) from their childhood friends when they go to senior high school.
【答案】separation
【详解】句意:许多青少年在升入高中时,会因与儿时朋友分离而感到难过。前面有定冠词“the”,后面需要接名词。“separate”的名词形式是“separation”,表示“分离、分开”。故填separation。
5.Tony fell off the tree, but ___________, he didn’t get hurt. (lucky)
【答案】luckily
【详解】句意:Tony从树上摔了下来,但幸运的是,他没有受伤。此处修饰整个句子,需用副词形式;形容词lucky对应的副词为luckily,故填luckily。
6.Could you tell me? How can I get to the nearest bus station?(合并成一个句子)
Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ get to the nearest bus station?
【答案】 how I can
【详解】句意:你能告诉我?我怎么才能到最近的公交车站吗?主句“Could you tell me”后接宾语从句,宾语从句需使用陈述语序。原特殊疑问句中疑问词how需保留,同时调整语序为how I can。合并后的句子:Could you tell me how I can get to the nearest bus station?,其中how引导宾语从句,I为主语,can get为谓语,符合陈述语序。
7.Where will the lecture be held? Could you tell me? (改为宾语从句)
Could you tell me ________ the lecture ________ be held?
【答案】 where will
【详解】句意:讲座将在哪里举行?你能告诉我吗?原句中“Where will the lecture be held?”是特殊疑问句,在将其改为宾语从句时,需要保留特殊疑问词“where”作为从句的引导词,以表明询问的内容是关于地点的。同时,原句中的“will”作为将来时的助动词,在宾语从句中应保持不变,以维持原句的时态意义。因此,在宾语从句中,我们使用“where”作为引导词,后接原句的谓语部分“will be held”。
8.你能想象没有亚马逊雨林的世界会是什么样子的吗?
Can you _________ ________ the world would be like without the Amazon rainforest.
【答案】 imagine what
【详解】原句中“想象”和“什么样子”是关键词,表示“想象”的英文单词是“imagine”,表示“什么样子”用“what...be like”结构。本句为一般疑问句,情态动词“can”后接动词原形“imagine”,且“imagine”后接宾语从句,从句用陈述语序“the world would be like”,用“what”引导该宾语从句并在从句中作“like”的宾语。
9.我想知道昨天早晨发生了什么事。
I ________ _______ __________ yesterday morning.
【答案】 wonder what happened
【详解】原句中“想知道”和“发生了什么事”是关键词,表示“想知道”的单词是wonder,时态是一般现在时,主语是I,用原形;表示“什么事”用what表示,引导宾语从句;表示“发生”的单词是happen,句中“yesterday morning.”表明时态是一般过去时,从句谓语动词用过去式happened。
10.孩子们对他如何摆脱麻烦很感兴趣。
Children are ____________ in __________ he gets out of trouble.
【答案】 interested how
【详解】原句中“对……感兴趣”和“如何”为关键词,be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”,how意为“如何”。故填interested;how。
2、 单项选择。
( )1.— Lucy, what does “Mend the pen after the sheep are lost” mean?
— It tells us ________.
A.why we must work hard every day
B.what can we do to keep the sheep safe
C.When should we buy a new pen
D.what we should do when we make mistakes
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——露西,“亡羊补牢”是什么意思?——它告诉我们当我们犯错时应该做什么。
why we must work hard every day我们为什么必须每天努力工作;what can we do to keep the sheep safe我们能做些什么来保证羊的安全;When should we buy a new pen我们什么时候应该买一支新钢笔;what we should do when we make mistakes当我们犯错时,我们应该做什么。“Mend the pen after the sheep are lost”对应中文谚语“亡羊补牢”,寓意出了问题后及时补救。宾语从句需用陈述语序,B项和C项均为疑问语序,排除;A项强调努力工作,与谚语寓意不符;D项涉及犯错后的做法,既符合陈述语序,又契合“及时补救”的含义。
( )2.—I don’t know ________ when we are in trouble at school.
— Our teachers and friends are always the first choice.
A.how can I face them B.who to talk about
C.who to ask for help D.what I can do
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——我不知道在学校遇到麻烦时该向谁求助。——我们的老师和朋友总是首选。
how can I face them我该如何面对他们(语序错误);who to talk about该和谁谈论;who to ask for help向谁求助;what I can do我能做什么。know后接宾语,可用“疑问词 + 不定式”结构。根据答语“Our teachers and friends”可知,问句询问的是求助的对象,应用who引导。A项语序错误,宾语从句应用陈述语序;B项语义不符;D项询问做什么,与答语指人不符。C项结构正确且符合语境。
( )3.—What does the saying “A problem shared is a problem halved.” tell us?
—It tells us ________.
A.why do we have problems B.that we should share our problems
C.who we can ask for help D.how we can avoid problems
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——谚语“烦恼与人分,负担减一半”告诉我们什么?——它告诉我们应该分享我们的问题。
根据句子结构可知,本题考查宾语从句。“why do we have problems”是疑问句语序,而宾语从句应该用陈述句语序,所以A错误;谚语“A problem shared is a problem halved”的意思是分享问题能使问题得到缓解,也就是建议我们分享问题“that we should share our problems”,选项B符合语义;“who we can ask for help”谚语并没有提及向谁求助,选项C不符合;谚语强调的是分享问题而非避免问题,选项D“how we can avoid problems”不符合。
( )4.________ he will attend the meeting or not is still unknown.
A.If B.Whether C.That D.What
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他是否会参加会议仍然未知。
If 如果/是否;Whether是否;That无实义;What什么。分析句子结构可知,空处引导主语从句,位于句首,且与后面的“or not”连用,表示“是否”,只能用whether,不能用if。
( )5.All of us doubt ________ he can finish the work on time or not.
A.why B.how C.that D.whether
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们都怀疑他是否能按时完成工作。
why为什么;how怎样;that无实义;whether是否。根据“doubt”及句末的“or not”可知,此处表示“是否”,构成“whether... or not”固定搭配,应填whether。
( )6.—I wonder ________.
—By practising again and again every day.
A.what makes you get over the fear of learning English
B.when do you get over the fear of learning English
C.how do you get over the fear of learning English
D.how you get over the fear of learning English
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我想知道你是如何克服学习英语的恐惧的。——通过每天一遍又一遍地练习。
根据空前的“I wonder”可知,此处考查宾语从句,宾语从句需使用陈述语序,排除B、C选项;根据答句中的“By practising again and again every day.”可知,答语表示做某事的方式、方法,从句引导词应用how,排除A选项。D选项为陈述语序且由how引导,符合逻辑。
( )7.Can you tell me ________buy a map?
A.what I could B.what could I C.where can I D.where I can
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你可以告诉我哪里可以买一张地图吗?
“what I could”中“what”在从句中充当主语或者宾语,而从句中已有主语“I”和宾语“map”;宾语从句要用陈述语序,“what could I”,“where can I”语序错误,应填where I can。
( )8.The teacher told us that the Earth ________ around the sun.
A.moved B.moves C.was moving D.had moved
【答案】B
【详解】句意:老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
虽然主句“The teacher told us”是一般过去时,但从句描述的是客观事实,不受主句时态影响,始终用一般现在时,主语the earth为第三人称单数,动词用第三人称单数形式。
( )9.There are all kinds of food at the party. You can eat ________ you like.
A.however B.whatever C.wherever D.whenever
【答案】B
【详解】句意:派对上有各种各样的食物。你可以吃任何你喜欢的东西。
however无论怎样;whatever无论什么;wherever无论哪里;whenever无论何时。根据“You can eat ... you like”可知,此处指“吃任何你喜欢的食物”,eat后缺宾语,用whatever引导宾语从句。
( )10.I don’t know ________ it will be rainy on weekends. ________ it rains, I’ll stay at home.
A.if; Whether B.whether; Whether C.if; If
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我不知道周末是否会下雨。如果下雨,我就待在家里。
if是否/如果;whether是否。根据第一空前“I don’t know”可知,此处为宾语从句,表示是否,可用if或whether;根据第二空后“it rains, I’ll stay at home”可知,此处为条件状语从句,表示如果,只能用if,不能用whether。应填if;If。
3、 选词填空
also medical he healthy change suffer history illness about travel
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an ancient system with a 1 of over 2,000 years. It helps treat 2 and keep people healthy. It plays an important role in Chinese people’s life. It believes the human body always 3 and connects closely with the environment.
Li Shizhen’s famous 4 book, Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》), is the most successful one in Chinese materia medica (药物学). To write this book, Li Shizhen 5 all over China. When he heard that farmers used morning glory (牵牛花) for back pain, he tried it 6 , recorded its effects carefully, and then added it to his book.
There are a lot of excellent doctors like Li Shizhen in Chinese history. They helped thousands of people who 7 from diseases. Their books not only helped doctors treat patients better but 8 let people learn more about Chinese medicine.
Nowadays, doctors and experts study the books of TCM and set up classes 9 medicine. With the development of medical science, humans will be 10 and live longer in the future.
【答案】 1.history 2.illnesses 3.changes 4.medical 5.traveled/travelled 6.himself 7.suffered 8.also 9.about 10.healthier
【导语】本文介绍了拥有两千多年历史的中医,讲述李时珍为编写《本草纲目》四处游历、亲身试药的事迹,提及历代名医救死扶伤,如今中医相关知识也被广泛研习,展望未来人们会更健康、更长寿。
【详解】1.句意:中医是一个有着2000多年历史的古老体系。“a history of...”是固定搭配,意为“……的历史”,符合“中医的悠久历史”的语境。其他名词如illness“生病”不符合语境。应填history。
2.句意:它帮助治疗疾病,保持人们健康。“treat”后接名词作宾语,“illness”意为“疾病”,此处用复数形式“illnesses”表示泛指多种疾病,符合“中医治疗疾病”的语境。其他名词如history“历史”不符合“治疗对象”的语境。应填illnesses。
3.句意:它认为人体总是在变化,并且与环境密切相关。中医认为人体在变化,主语“the human body”是单数,一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,“change”意为“变化”,其第三人称单数“changes”符合语境。其他动词如suffer“遭受”不符合语境。应填changes。
4.句意:李时珍的著名医学著作《本草纲目》是中国药物学中最成功的一部。此处需形容词修饰“book”,“medical”意为“医学的”,符合“《本草纲目》是医学著作”的语境。其他形容词如healthy“健康的”不符合语境。应填medical。
5.句意:为了写这本书,李时珍走遍了中国。此处描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,“travel”意为“旅行、游历”,其过去式“traveled/travelled”符合“李时珍编写著作前的实地考察经历”的语境。其他动词如 change“变化”不符合“走遍中国”的动作描述。
6.句意:当他听说农民用牵牛花治疗背痛时,他亲自尝试,仔细记录其效果,然后将其加入书中。“try sth. oneself”是固定搭配,意为“亲自尝试某物”,主语是“Li Shizhen”,“he”的反身代词“himself”符合“李时珍亲身实践验证药物效果”的语境。
7.句意:他们帮助了成千上万患有疾病的人。此处表示“患病”的人,“suffer from”是固定短语,意为“遭受……(疾病等)”,此处描述过去的情况,用一般过去时。其他动词如travel“旅行”、change“改变”不符合“患病”的语义。应填suffered。
8.句意:他们的书不仅帮助医生更好地治疗病人,还让人们更多地了解中医。“not only...but also...”是固定结构,意为“不仅……而且……”,“also”符合“书籍双重作用”的语境。
9.句意:如今,医生和专家研究中医书籍,并开设关于医学的课程。此处表示“关于”医学的课程,“classes about...”是固定搭配,意为“关于……的课程”,“about”符合“课程内容围绕医学”的语境。
10.句意:随着医学的发展,未来人类会更健康,寿命更长。“and”连接并列的比较级(longer),“healthy”的比较级“healthier”符合“医学发展使人类更健康”的语境。其他形容词如medical“医学的”不符合状态描述。应填healthier。
4、 阅读理解
(A)
Since the Zhou Dynasty, a complete etiquette (礼仪) system has been set. Today, many of these rules are not as strict (严格的) as before. However, some are still followed on important occasions (场合) and are thought as examples of good manners.
Walking Etiquette
①In ancient China, while walking with someone with higher status (地位) or an old person, one should lower head, and walk a little bit behind them. If three people walk together, the elder or a teacher should be in the middle. One should bow (鞠躬) down and walk fast using smaller steps when passing by an elder or a teacher.
Sitting Etiquette and Seating Rules
② Everyone should be sitting in a proper position (位置) at dining tables. It is based on their titles, ranks, or age. If someone doesn’t know the exact position, they should wait and follow the host’s lead. The best seat is the one that faces the south or the door. Hosts usually sit next to the door.
Bow and Fist-and-Palm Salute (抱拳)
③Bow, known as zuoyi in Chinese, means having their hands folded in front in different ways. Today, however, the simplest zuoyi is good enough, as well as nodding, smiling, and handshaking.
④The Fist-and-Palm Salute, is another type of zuoyi, with the right hand’s fist covered by the left hand. It first appeared in the army when people holding weapons (武器) wanted to show respect for others. So, people always used the left hand to cover the right hand that held weapons.
( )1.In ancient China, which place should your teacher be when walking with you and your classmate?
A.In the middle. B.On the left. C.On the right. D.At the back.
( )2.Where can we put the sentence “The seating order is still widely used in family and business dinners.” in the passage?
A.① B.② C.③ D.④
( )3.Which of the following pictures correctly shows “the Fist-and-Palm Salute”?
A. B. C. D.
( )4.What may the writer talk about in the following paragraph?
A.Another kind of Chinese etiquette.
B.Another kind of Western etiquette.
C.Differences among the three kinds of etiquette.
D.Differences between Chinese and Western etiquette.
【答案】1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了中国古代的几种传统礼仪规范,包括行走礼仪、就座与席位规则、作揖与抱拳礼,说明了这些礼仪的历史渊源、具体要求及现代延续情况。
【详解】1.根据文中①段“If three people walk together, the elder or a teacher should be in the middle”可知,当你、同学和老师三人同行时,老师应走在中间。
2.句子“The seating order is still widely used in family and business dinners.”是对就座礼仪的补充说明,而②段的主题正是“Sitting Etiquette and Seating Rules”,因此应放在②处。
3.根据文中④段“The Fist-and-Palm Salute, is another type of zuoyi, with the right hand’s fist covered by the left hand.”可知,抱拳礼的动作是左手覆盖住右手。
4.文章目前介绍了三种中国传统礼仪,且开头提到“Since the Zhou Dynasty, a complete etiquette system has been set”,下文大概率会继续介绍其他类型的中国传统礼仪。
(B)
As a country powerful in math, China has many folk (民间) games full of math wisdom. You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them.
Chinese nine linked rings puzzle It’s believed that people created the nine linked rings puzzle in the Western Han Dynasty (朝代). And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is needed. But if you learn to solve it, it’s hard to forget.
Tangram First popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, they have to know about geometry (几何学). In the 18th century (世纪), the tangram appeared in the West and soon became popular there.
Luban lock (锁) It’s said that Luban first created the lock 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with geometry. It’s hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces.
( )5.Which of the following subjects do the three folk games have to do with?
A.English. B.Music. C.Math. D.Art.
( )6.As usual, a tangram has ______ pieces of different shapes.
A.six B.seven C.eight D.nine
( )7.From the passage, we can learn that _______.
A.players don’t have to remove nine rings to win the puzzle
B.the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century
C.to unlock a Luban lock is harder than to put it back together
D.all the three folk games above have a long history in China
( )8.The passage is most probably from _______.
A.a folk novel B.a travel guide C.a science magazine D.a news report
【答案】5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C
【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文,介绍了中国三种充满数学智慧的民间传统游戏:九连环、七巧板和鲁班锁。
【详解】5.文章开头提到“As a country powerful in math, China has many folk games full of math wisdom.”,且三种游戏分别涉及步骤拆解、几何学等数学知识,因此它们都与 数学(Math) 相关。
6.文中关于七巧板的描述是“the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes.”,说明七巧板通常由七块不同形状的板组成。
7.九连环“It’s believed that people created the nine linked rings puzzle in the Western Han Dynasty.”(西汉起源)。七巧板“First popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties”(明清流行)。鲁班锁“It’s said that Luban first created the lock 2,000 years ago.”(2000年前起源)。九连环起源于西汉,七巧板在明清流行,鲁班锁相传2000年前由鲁班发明,三者都有悠久历史。
8.本文介绍了蕴含数学与几何智慧的传统益智游戏,属于科普类内容,最可能出自科学杂志(a science magazine)。
(C)
In China, paper cutting is more than just a hobby; it is a symbol of luck and happiness. During the Spring Festival, people put up red paper cuttings on windows and doors to wish for a better year.
Li Xia, a 35-year-old teacher from Xi’an, has loved paper cutting since she was a child. “When I hold the scissors and red paper, I forget all my worries,” she says. “It helps me find inner peace. Creating a complex pattern (复杂的样式) takes patience, but seeing the final work gives me great joy.”
Unlike modern digital art, paper cutting is done totally by hand. “It’s not about speed or making money,” says Wang Lei, a master of this art. “It’s about the connection between your heart and your hands. Every cut carries emotion.” He believes that even in the age of computers, this traditional skill is valuable because it teaches us to slow down and focus.
For some young people, paper cutting is also a form of exercise for the brain. “It requires great concentration (专注) ,” says a college student. “After cutting for an hour, I feel relaxed, just like after doing yoga.”
Today, paper cutting is not only popular in China but also known around the world. It shows the magic of Chinese culture and brings peace to modern lives.
( )9.Why does Li Xia love paper cutting?
A.Because it makes her famous.
B.Because it helps her make more money.
C.Because it helps her forget worries and find peace.
D.Because it is easier than digital art.
( )10.What does Wang Lei think is the most important part of paper cutting?
A.The speed of cutting.
B.The connection between heart and hands.
C.The price of the paper.
D.The use of modern tools.
( )11.How does the college student feel after doing paper cutting?
A.Relaxed and focused. B.Tired and bored.
C.Nervous and stressed. D.Hungry and thirsty.
( )12.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To teach readers how to cut paper.
B.To show the history of the Spring Festival.
C.To compare paper cutting with digital art.
D.To introduce the value and beauty of paper cutting.
【答案】9.C 10.B 11.A 12.D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍中国传统剪纸艺术,通过不同人物视角讲述其文化寓意、精神价值与身心益处,展现中华文化魅力。
【详解】 9.第二段第二、三句“When I hold the scissors and red paper, I forget all my worries… It helps me find inner peace.”,原文直接说明李夏喜爱剪纸的原因。
10.第三段第三句“It’s about the connection between your heart and your hands.”,王磊认为剪纸核心是心与手的联结。
11.第四段第二、三句“It requires great concentration… After cutting for an hour, I feel relaxed…”,剪纸需要专注,结束后感到放松。
12.全文首尾段“…it is a symbol of luck and happiness… It shows the magic of Chinese culture and brings peace to modern lives.”,文章整体介绍剪纸的文化价值、精神意义。
拓展提升
一、完形填空。
In Chinese culture, the Year of the Horse is one of the most meaningful years. Horses are 1 just animals. They are 2 of bravery and loyalty. In the past, horses helped people travel far and fight in wars. They played an important role in history. Today, many horses are still 3 people.Jiliang(吉量)
Zhou Shen sang the song “Jiliang” at the 2026 Spring Festival Gala, making the magic horse known to us. It is a famous horse in Chinese myth book “Shan Hai Jing”. Jiliang means good luck, power and long life in people’s eyes. Many stories say that Jiliang helped great heroes in wars and was 4 by them.Jueying (绝影)
Cao Cao’s horse, Jueying, is 5 famous horse in the Three Kingdoms Period. Its name means “The Fastest Shadow”, which shows 6 fast and strong the horse was. Jueying could travel a long way quickly. It was also very loyal to Cao Cao. With Jueying, he could move quickly and surprise his enemies. This made Cao Cao and Jueying a strong team 7 the wars of the Three Kingdoms Period.Chitu (赤兔)
Do you know any red horses? Chitu is one of them. It is the horse of Lyu Bu. Its name means a red horse like a tiger—“tu” here is 8 . Lyu was famous for his amazing shooting skills. With Chitu, he became even more powerful. There is an old saying, “Lyu Bu was among the best fighters and Chitu was the best of 9 .”
Chinese traditional culture is great. We should learn more about it and love our own culture. It’s important for us to keep it 10 and pass it on.
( )1.A.rather than B.more than C.other than D.less than
( )2.A.characters B.signs C.examples D.symbols
( )3.A.famous to B.famous as C.famous for D.famous with
( )4.A.raised B.hidden C.trusted D.followed
( )5.A.other B.the other C.others D.another
( )6.A.what B.that C.which D.how
( )7.A.by B.during C.on D.through
( )8.A.horse B.shadow C.tiger D.hero
( )9.A.wise horses B.war horses C.brave horses D.strong horses
( )10.A.alive B.living C.liveliness D.live
【答案】 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A
【导语】本文讲述了马在中国文化中的重要意义,以及中国神话与历史中几匹著名的马,强调了我们要传承与热爱中华传统文化。
【详解】1.句意:马不只是普通的动物。
后文强调马的文化象征意义,说明马不只是普通动物,应用 more than。rather than而不是、other than除了、less than少于,均不符合语境。
2.句意:它们是勇敢与忠诚的象征。
在文化语境中,马被赋予了特定的文化内涵,是“勇敢与忠诚”的象征,应用symbols。characters角色/性格、signs标志/迹象、examples例子,均不符合此处的文化表达。
3.句意:如今,许多马仍然为人们所熟知。
前文提到马在古代帮助人们出行、打仗,如今依然为人们所熟知,应用famous to。famous as作为……而出名、famous for因……而出名、famous with受……欢迎,均不符合此处的语境逻辑。
4.句意:许多故事说吉量在战争中帮助英雄,并且被他们信任。
吉量在战争中帮助英雄,说明英雄们对它是信任的,应用 trusted。raised饲养、hidden隐藏、followed跟随,均不符合“战马与英雄”的关系逻辑。
5.句意:曹操的马绝影,是三国时期另一匹著名的马。
前文已经提到了吉量这一匹名马,这里表示“另一匹”名马,应用another。other其他的,后常接复数、the other两者中的另一个、others其他人/物,代词,均不符合用法与语境。
6.它的名字意思是“绝影”,这表明这匹马多么快而强壮。
此处为宾语从句,表达“这匹马有多快、多强壮”,应用how引导。what什么、that无实际意义,不表达程度、which哪一个,均无法表达此处的程度含义。
7.句意:这使得曹操和绝影在三国时期的战争中成为了一支强大的队伍。
表达“在战争期间”,应用介词during。by通过/被、on在……上、through穿过/通过,均不符合此处的时间表达逻辑。
8.句意:它的名字意思是像老虎一样的红色马——这里的“tu”指的是老虎。
前文提到“a red horse like a tiger”,说明“tu”指代的是老虎,应用tiger。horse马、shadow影子、hero英雄,均不符合前文的解释逻辑。
9.句意:有句老话:“吕布是最优秀的战士之一,而赤兔是战马中最好的。”
这句俗语的完整表达是“人中吕布,马中赤兔”,意思是吕布是最好的战士,赤兔是最好的战马,应用war horses。wise horses聪明的马、brave horses勇敢的马、strong horses强壮的马,均不符合这句俗语的固定表达。
10.句意:对我们来说,让文化延续下去并传承下去是很重要的。
固定搭配keep sth. alive,表示“使……保持活力/延续下去”,应用alive。living活的/现存的,形容词、liveliness活力,名词、live居住/活的,动词/形容词,均不符合此处的固定搭配与用法。
二、 任务型阅读
阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题。
Everyone wants to write beautifully. And I love something special—Chinese calligraphy.
When I was a little child, I loved to watch my grandparents write Chinese characters with ink brushes. Later I came to learn about many Chinese calligraphers, such as Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty.
At the age of 9, I joined a writing class to learn Chinese calligraphy. The teacher showed many of his calligraphy works. I told myself that I would practice hard and try to become as good as him.
At first, I followed the teacher carefully. As soon as the teacher wrote a character, I wrote the same one. Before long I could write many difficult characters. I felt happy and believed that I was talented (有天赋的) in Chinese calligraphy.
I practiced hard for a year, but the teacher pointed out some problems in my calligraphy. I thought it was just a way to improve my writing skills, but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is part of Chinese culture. Besides, I thought it was just about mimicry (模仿), but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is a creation that comes from the heart. He said that a writer should think carefully about what he wants to show before he starts to write.
I’m not sure if I fully understood the teacher. But from then on, I spent more time thinking and practicing my writing. I will continue practising and I hope I can know the essence (精华) of Chinese calligraphy.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
1.Who made the writer interested in Chinese calligraphy when he was a little kid?
2.When did the writer join a writing class?
3.How did the writer feel about his progress in calligraphy?
4.How long did the writer practice hard when the teacher pointed out his problems?
5.Why will the writer continue practising?
【答案】 1.His grandparents. 2.At the age of 9. 3.He felt happy and believed he was talented. 4.For a year. 5.Because he hopes to know the essence of Chinese calligraphy.
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从小受祖父母影响爱上中国书法,9岁加入书法班学习,在模仿基础上逐渐理解书法不仅是模仿更是源自内心的创作,并决心继续练习以领悟书法精髓的故事。
【详解】1.第二段第一句明确说明了让作者对书法产生兴趣的人:“...I loved to watch my grandparents write Chinese characters with ink brushes.” 答案是原文直接信息,直接提取即可。
2.第三段第一句明确说明了作者加入书法班的年龄:“At the age of 9, I joined a writing class to learn Chinese calligraphy.” 答案是原文直接信息,直接提取即可。
3.第四段最后一句描述了作者对自己进步的感受:“I felt happy and believed that I was talented in Chinese calligraphy.” 答案是原文直接信息,直接提取即可。
4.第五段第一句明确说明了老师指出问题时作者已练习的时间:“I practiced hard for a year, but the teacher pointed out some problems in my calligraphy.” 答案是原文直接信息,直接提取即可。
5.最后一段最后一句明确说明了作者继续练习的原因:“I hope I can know the essence of Chinese calligraphy.” 答案是原文直接信息,直接提取即可。
三、语言运用
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Grand Song of the Dong ethnic group (侗族大歌) is the folk song of the Dong people in China. It is performed 1 (wide) in Guizhou and Guangxi now.
Hu Guanmei is one of the masters of the Grand Song. Her parents encouraged her 2 (learn) it when she was three years old. At that time, she preferred practising the Grand Song to 3 (go) out to play.
In her 4 (twenty), Hu became famous in her village because she could sing the Grand Song well. Then she began helping spread the Grand Song. Every night, 5 kids who lived nearby met at Hu’s home to sing together. Later Hu 6 (invite) to teach students at school.
Up to now, she has trained over 1,000 students 7 all ages. Her students all speak highly of her. “She is a totally committed teacher. She has not only passed on the singing skills to us, 8 succeeded in helping us have a much 9 (deep) understanding of Dong culture,” one of her students said.
Many of her students 10 (win) music competitions and given performances at home and abroad during the past few years. Hu hopes they can continue to pass on the traditional culture and bring joy to more people.
【答案】 1.widely 2.to learn 3.going 4.twenties 5.the 6.was invited 7.of 8.but 9.deeper 10.have won
【导语】本文介绍了侗族大歌及其传承人胡官美传承、推广这一传统民歌的故事,展现了非遗文化的传承魅力与深远影响。
【详解】1.句意:现在侗族大歌在贵州和广西被广泛传唱。此处修饰动词“performed”,需用副词形式,wide的副词形式是widely,表示“广泛地”。
2.句意:她的父母在她三岁时鼓励她学习侗族大歌。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.,表示“鼓励某人做某事”,故用不定式to learn。
3.句意:那时,比起出去玩,她更喜欢练习侗族大歌。固定搭配prefer doing sth. to doing sth.,表示“比起做某事更喜欢做某事”,to为介词,后接动名词,故用going。
4.句意:在她二十多岁时,胡官美因为侗族大歌唱得好在村里出名了。固定搭配in one’s twenties,表示“在某人二十多岁时”,故用twenties。
5.句意:每天晚上,住在附近的那些孩子都会聚集在胡官美的家中一起唱歌。句中“who lived nearby”是定语从句,修饰“kids”,特指“住在附近的那一群孩子”,而非泛指任意孩子,因此需用定冠词the来实现特指。
6.句意:后来胡官美被邀请到学校教学生。主语Hu与invite之间是被动关系,且讲述过去的事情,故用一般过去时的被动语态was invited。
7.句意:到目前为止,她已经培养了1000多名各年龄段的学生。固定搭配of all ages,表示“各年龄段的”,故用介词of。
8.句意:她不仅把唱歌的技巧传给了我们,还成功地帮助我们对侗族文化有了更深的理解。固定搭配not only...but (also)...,表示“不仅……而且……”,故用but。
9.句意:她不仅把唱歌的技巧传给了我们,还成功地帮助我们对侗族文化有了更深的理解。much后接形容词的比较级,deep的比较级是deeper,表示“更深的”。
10.句意:在过去的几年里,她的许多学生赢得了音乐比赛,并在国内外进行了演出。时间状语“during the past few years”表明需用现在完成时,主语是复数,故用have won。
四、书面表达
近期学校会举办每年一度的英语周,今年的主题为:Promoting(宣传)Chinese Traditional Culture,现向全校学生征集宣传创意。假设你是学生李辉,请写一封邮件给活动负责人王老师表达创意。内容包括:
1.选择一个文化宣传员身份,并简述宣传此文化的理由;
2.阐述你将如何宣传此项文化(至少3点);
3.重申此项文化的重要性,并发出倡议。
文化宣传员身份如下:
*小书法家(Little calligrapher) *中国剪纸工艺师(Chinese paper cutting artist)
*小茶艺师(Little tea master) *龙舟队员(Dragon boat player)
*中国武术表演者(Kung fu performer) *中医草药宣传员(TCM promoter)
注意:
(1)词数80~100,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
(3)邮件中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
Dear Mr. Wang,
The annual English Week is coming. To promote Chinese traditional culture, I choose to be______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope my ideas can be helpful for the English Week and I wish the great school event a big success!
Best regards,
Li Hui
【答案】
Dear Mr. Wang,
The annual English Week is coming. To promote Chinese traditional culture, I choose to be a little calligrapher. I think Chinese calligraphy is not only beautiful but also shows the wisdom of our ancestors.
I plan to do three things. First, I will give a short speech in English to introduce calligraphy’s history. Second, I will show how to write basic strokes and let students try. Third, I will hold a small exhibition of my works.
Calligraphy is a treasure of our culture. It helps us understand Chinese art and spirit. Let’s work together to make it known to more people!
I hope my ideas can be helpful for the English Week and I wish the great school event a big success!
Best regards,
Li Hui
【详解】写作步骤
[第一步:审题立意]
确定文体:材料作文,用一般现在时
明确要点:选择文化宣传员身份并阐述理由,如何宣传此项文化,此项文化的重要性并发出倡议
确定人称:第一人称
注意事项:80-100词,不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息
[第二步:构思布局]
三段式结构:
开头段:总起句,说明自己要选择的文化宣传员身份
主体段:详细说明自己要如何宣传此项文化
结尾段:重申此项文化的重要性并发出倡议
[第三步:要点展开]
要点一:选择文化宣传员身份并阐述理由
选择的身份:a little calligrapher/a little tea master/a Chinese paper cutting artist等
选择的理由:beautiful/shows the wisdom of our ancestors/shows our culture等
要点二:如何宣传此项文化
演讲:give a short speech in English/introduce calligraphy’s history/explain the details等
教学:show how to write basic strokes/let students try等
举办作品展览:hold a small exhibition/hold a show等
要点三:此项文化的重要性并发出倡议
重要性:a treasure of our culture/understand Chinese art and spirit/show the beauty of traditional culture等
倡议:work together/make it known to more people/experience traditional culture等
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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新仁爱版八下 Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature “探索”板块 分层作业
英语
班级:_________ 姓名:_________ 学号:________
基础训练
1、 按要求完成句子。
1.We always reached a(n) ___________ after discussing our travelling plan. (agree)
2.I don’t know ___________ (是否) my uncle will come to my birthday party tomorrow or not.
3.Mr. Wang gave us a clear ___________ (describe) about his life in the past.
4.Many teenagers feel upset about the ___________ (separate) from their childhood friends when they go to senior high school.
5.Tony fell off the tree, but ___________, he didn’t get hurt. (lucky)
6.Could you tell me? How can I get to the nearest bus station?(合并成一个句子)
Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ get to the nearest bus station?
7.Where will the lecture be held? Could you tell me? (改为宾语从句)
Could you tell me ________ the lecture ________ be held?
8.你能想象没有亚马逊雨林的世界会是什么样子的吗?
Can you _________ ________ the world would be like without the Amazon rainforest.
9.我想知道昨天早晨发生了什么事。
I ________ _______ __________ yesterday morning.
10.孩子们对他如何摆脱麻烦很感兴趣。
Children are ____________ in __________ he gets out of trouble.
2、 单项选择。
( )1.— Lucy, what does “Mend the pen after the sheep are lost” mean?
— It tells us ________.
A.why we must work hard every day
B.what can we do to keep the sheep safe
C.When should we buy a new pen
D.what we should do when we make mistakes
( )2.—I don’t know ________ when we are in trouble at school.
— Our teachers and friends are always the first choice.
A.how can I face them B.who to talk about
C.who to ask for help D.what I can do
( )3.—What does the saying “A problem shared is a problem halved.” tell us?
—It tells us ________.
A.why do we have problems B.that we should share our problems
C.who we can ask for help D.how we can avoid problems
( )4.________ he will attend the meeting or not is still unknown.
A.If B.Whether C.That D.What
( )5.All of us doubt ________ he can finish the work on time or not.
A.why B.how C.that D.whether
( )6.—I wonder ________.
—By practising again and again every day.
A.what makes you get over the fear of learning English
B.when do you get over the fear of learning English
C.how do you get over the fear of learning English
D.how you get over the fear of learning English
( )7.Can you tell me ________buy a map?
A.what I could B.what could I C.where can I D.where I can
( )8.The teacher told us that the Earth ________ around the sun.
A.moved B.moves C.was moving D.had moved
( )9.There are all kinds of food at the party. You can eat ________ you like.
A.however B.whatever C.wherever D.whenever
( )10.I don’t know ________ it will be rainy on weekends. ________ it rains, I’ll stay at home.
A.if; Whether B.whether; Whether C.if; If
3、 选词填空
also medical he healthy change suffer history illness about travel
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an ancient system with a 1 of over 2,000 years. It helps treat 2 and keep people healthy. It plays an important role in Chinese people’s life. It believes the human body always 3 and connects closely with the environment.
Li Shizhen’s famous 4 book, Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》), is the most successful one in Chinese materia medica (药物学). To write this book, Li Shizhen 5 all over China. When he heard that farmers used morning glory (牵牛花) for back pain, he tried it 6 , recorded its effects carefully, and then added it to his book.
There are a lot of excellent doctors like Li Shizhen in Chinese history. They helped thousands of people who 7 from diseases. Their books not only helped doctors treat patients better but 8 let people learn more about Chinese medicine.
Nowadays, doctors and experts study the books of TCM and set up classes 9 medicine. With the development of medical science, humans will be 10 and live longer in the future.
4、 阅读理解
(A)
Since the Zhou Dynasty, a complete etiquette (礼仪) system has been set. Today, many of these rules are not as strict (严格的) as before. However, some are still followed on important occasions (场合) and are thought as examples of good manners.
Walking Etiquette
①In ancient China, while walking with someone with higher status (地位) or an old person, one should lower head, and walk a little bit behind them. If three people walk together, the elder or a teacher should be in the middle. One should bow (鞠躬) down and walk fast using smaller steps when passing by an elder or a teacher.
Sitting Etiquette and Seating Rules
② Everyone should be sitting in a proper position (位置) at dining tables. It is based on their titles, ranks, or age. If someone doesn’t know the exact position, they should wait and follow the host’s lead. The best seat is the one that faces the south or the door. Hosts usually sit next to the door.
Bow and Fist-and-Palm Salute (抱拳)
③Bow, known as zuoyi in Chinese, means having their hands folded in front in different ways. Today, however, the simplest zuoyi is good enough, as well as nodding, smiling, and handshaking.
④The Fist-and-Palm Salute, is another type of zuoyi, with the right hand’s fist covered by the left hand. It first appeared in the army when people holding weapons (武器) wanted to show respect for others. So, people always used the left hand to cover the right hand that held weapons.
( )1.In ancient China, which place should your teacher be when walking with you and your classmate?
A.In the middle. B.On the left. C.On the right. D.At the back.
( )2.Where can we put the sentence “The seating order is still widely used in family and business dinners.” in the passage?
A.① B.② C.③ D.④
( )3.Which of the following pictures correctly shows “the Fist-and-Palm Salute”?
A. B. C. D.
( )4.What may the writer talk about in the following paragraph?
A.Another kind of Chinese etiquette.
B.Another kind of Western etiquette.
C.Differences among the three kinds of etiquette.
D.Differences between Chinese and Western etiquette.
(B)
As a country powerful in math, China has many folk (民间) games full of math wisdom. You may play many of them before. Let’s take a look at three of them.
Chinese nine linked rings puzzle It’s believed that people created the nine linked rings puzzle in the Western Han Dynasty (朝代). And it is usually made up of nine rings connected to a handle (手柄). Players have to remove all the rings from the handle to win the game. This is not a simple game. The solution takes 341 moves, so lots of patience is needed. But if you learn to solve it, it’s hard to forget.
Tangram First popular in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the tangram is a puzzle made up of seven pieces of different shapes. For each puzzle, players need to use all the pieces to make a shape. To do it, they have to know about geometry (几何学). In the 18th century (世纪), the tangram appeared in the West and soon became popular there.
Luban lock (锁) It’s said that Luban first created the lock 2,000 years ago. The lock has a lot to do with geometry. It’s hard to separate the six pieces. However, it is usually easier to unlock a Luban lock than to put it back together. Now, there are Luban locks made up of nine or more pieces.
( )5.Which of the following subjects do the three folk games have to do with?
A.English. B.Music. C.Math. D.Art.
( )6.As usual, a tangram has ______ pieces of different shapes.
A.six B.seven C.eight D.nine
( )7.From the passage, we can learn that _______.
A.players don’t have to remove nine rings to win the puzzle
B.the tangram was brought to the West in the 19th century
C.to unlock a Luban lock is harder than to put it back together
D.all the three folk games above have a long history in China
( )8.The passage is most probably from _______.
A.a folk novel B.a travel guide C.a science magazine D.a news report
(C)
In China, paper cutting is more than just a hobby; it is a symbol of luck and happiness. During the Spring Festival, people put up red paper cuttings on windows and doors to wish for a better year.
Li Xia, a 35-year-old teacher from Xi’an, has loved paper cutting since she was a child. “When I hold the scissors and red paper, I forget all my worries,” she says. “It helps me find inner peace. Creating a complex pattern (复杂的样式) takes patience, but seeing the final work gives me great joy.”
Unlike modern digital art, paper cutting is done totally by hand. “It’s not about speed or making money,” says Wang Lei, a master of this art. “It’s about the connection between your heart and your hands. Every cut carries emotion.” He believes that even in the age of computers, this traditional skill is valuable because it teaches us to slow down and focus.
For some young people, paper cutting is also a form of exercise for the brain. “It requires great concentration (专注) ,” says a college student. “After cutting for an hour, I feel relaxed, just like after doing yoga.”
Today, paper cutting is not only popular in China but also known around the world. It shows the magic of Chinese culture and brings peace to modern lives.
( )9.Why does Li Xia love paper cutting?
A.Because it makes her famous.
B.Because it helps her make more money.
C.Because it helps her forget worries and find peace.
D.Because it is easier than digital art.
( )10.What does Wang Lei think is the most important part of paper cutting?
A.The speed of cutting.
B.The connection between heart and hands.
C.The price of the paper.
D.The use of modern tools.
( )11.How does the college student feel after doing paper cutting?
A.Relaxed and focused. B.Tired and bored.
C.Nervous and stressed. D.Hungry and thirsty.
( )12.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To teach readers how to cut paper.
B.To show the history of the Spring Festival.
C.To compare paper cutting with digital art.
D.To introduce the value and beauty of paper cutting.
拓展提升
一、完形填空。
In Chinese culture, the Year of the Horse is one of the most meaningful years. Horses are 1 just animals. They are 2 of bravery and loyalty. In the past, horses helped people travel far and fight in wars. They played an important role in history. Today, many horses are still 3 people.Jiliang(吉量)
Zhou Shen sang the song “Jiliang” at the 2026 Spring Festival Gala, making the magic horse known to us. It is a famous horse in Chinese myth book “Shan Hai Jing”. Jiliang means good luck, power and long life in people’s eyes. Many stories say that Jiliang helped great heroes in wars and was 4 by them.Jueying (绝影)
Cao Cao’s horse, Jueying, is 5 famous horse in the Three Kingdoms Period. Its name means “The Fastest Shadow”, which shows 6 fast and strong the horse was. Jueying could travel a long way quickly. It was also very loyal to Cao Cao. With Jueying, he could move quickly and surprise his enemies. This made Cao Cao and Jueying a strong team 7 the wars of the Three Kingdoms Period.Chitu (赤兔)
Do you know any red horses? Chitu is one of them. It is the horse of Lyu Bu. Its name means a red horse like a tiger—“tu” here is 8 . Lyu was famous for his amazing shooting skills. With Chitu, he became even more powerful. There is an old saying, “Lyu Bu was among the best fighters and Chitu was the best of 9 .”
Chinese traditional culture is great. We should learn more about it and love our own culture. It’s important for us to keep it 10 and pass it on.
( )1.A.rather than B.more than C.other than D.less than
( )2.A.characters B.signs C.examples D.symbols
( )3.A.famous to B.famous as C.famous for D.famous with
( )4.A.raised B.hidden C.trusted D.followed
( )5.A.other B.the other C.others D.another
( )6.A.what B.that C.which D.how
( )7.A.by B.during C.on D.through
( )8.A.horse B.shadow C.tiger D.hero
( )9.A.wise horses B.war horses C.brave horses D.strong horses
( )10.A.alive B.living C.liveliness D.live
二、 任务型阅读
阅读下面短文,并根据短文内容回答问题。
Everyone wants to write beautifully. And I love something special—Chinese calligraphy.
When I was a little child, I loved to watch my grandparents write Chinese characters with ink brushes. Later I came to learn about many Chinese calligraphers, such as Wang Xizhi of the Jin Dynasty.
At the age of 9, I joined a writing class to learn Chinese calligraphy. The teacher showed many of his calligraphy works. I told myself that I would practice hard and try to become as good as him.
At first, I followed the teacher carefully. As soon as the teacher wrote a character, I wrote the same one. Before long I could write many difficult characters. I felt happy and believed that I was talented (有天赋的) in Chinese calligraphy.
I practiced hard for a year, but the teacher pointed out some problems in my calligraphy. I thought it was just a way to improve my writing skills, but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is part of Chinese culture. Besides, I thought it was just about mimicry (模仿), but he told me that Chinese calligraphy is a creation that comes from the heart. He said that a writer should think carefully about what he wants to show before he starts to write.
I’m not sure if I fully understood the teacher. But from then on, I spent more time thinking and practicing my writing. I will continue practising and I hope I can know the essence (精华) of Chinese calligraphy.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
1.Who made the writer interested in Chinese calligraphy when he was a little kid?
2.When did the writer join a writing class?
3.How did the writer feel about his progress in calligraphy?
4.How long did the writer practice hard when the teacher pointed out his problems?
5.Why will the writer continue practising?
三、语言运用
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Grand Song of the Dong ethnic group (侗族大歌) is the folk song of the Dong people in China. It is performed 1 (wide) in Guizhou and Guangxi now.
Hu Guanmei is one of the masters of the Grand Song. Her parents encouraged her 2 (learn) it when she was three years old. At that time, she preferred practising the Grand Song to 3 (go) out to play.
In her 4 (twenty), Hu became famous in her village because she could sing the Grand Song well. Then she began helping spread the Grand Song. Every night, 5 kids who lived nearby met at Hu’s home to sing together. Later Hu 6 (invite) to teach students at school.
Up to now, she has trained over 1,000 students 7 all ages. Her students all speak highly of her. “She is a totally committed teacher. She has not only passed on the singing skills to us, 8 succeeded in helping us have a much 9 (deep) understanding of Dong culture,” one of her students said.
Many of her students 10 (win) music competitions and given performances at home and abroad during the past few years. Hu hopes they can continue to pass on the traditional culture and bring joy to more people.
四、书面表达
近期学校会举办每年一度的英语周,今年的主题为:Promoting(宣传)Chinese Traditional Culture,现向全校学生征集宣传创意。假设你是学生李辉,请写一封邮件给活动负责人王老师表达创意。内容包括:
1.选择一个文化宣传员身份,并简述宣传此文化的理由;
2.阐述你将如何宣传此项文化(至少3点);
3.重申此项文化的重要性,并发出倡议。
文化宣传员身份如下:
*小书法家(Little calligrapher) *中国剪纸工艺师(Chinese paper cutting artist)
*小茶艺师(Little tea master) *龙舟队员(Dragon boat player)
*中国武术表演者(Kung fu performer) *中医草药宣传员(TCM promoter)
注意:
(1)词数80~100,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
(3)邮件中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
Dear Mr. Wang,
The annual English Week is coming. To promote Chinese traditional culture, I choose to be______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hope my ideas can be helpful for the English Week and I wish the great school event a big success!
Best regards,
Li Hui
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