专题05 阅读理解（说明文）（期末真题汇编，江苏专用）七年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 七年级下说明文阅读理解汇编，精选江苏多地期末真题，涵盖人与自然（水豚、航天）、人与社会（观前街、酥山）、人与自我（网络安全、学习方法）三大主题，素材兼具生活性与科技感，助力语言能力与文化意识培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇3-5题|细节理解（如“水豚交流方式”）、词义猜测（如“rare”）、主旨大意（如“最佳标题”）、推理判断（如“从段落推断信息”）|情境贴近时代（神舟19号任务、宠物火车服务），问题梯度分明（基础题→综合题），融合文化传承（唐代“酥山”、太平泥叫叫）与科学探究（蜜蜂追踪、树木“交流”）|

专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然——人与动物 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏常州·期末）On a sunny day at Nanning Garden Expo Park, many people come to see the park’s new stars: six capybaras (水豚). These animals have brown fur, and their small ears look like little wings. Capybaras are from South America, but their cute looks make them popular in China. Chinese fans give them a funny name, Capy. Capybaras often sit quietly with half-closed eyes, giving them a calm and relaxed look. They are friendly to people and other animals. That’s also why lots of people like them. Like many other animals, capybaras communicate with each other too. When they are hungry, they usually make small sounds like “squeak-squeak”. If they are happy, they often make soft sounds. When they make loud sounds, they are telling their friends and family to be careful because there may be danger (危险) nearby. The six capybaras at Nanning Garden Expo Park live in a special area, as they need to spend lots of time in water to stay cool and keep insects away each day. In the area, there is a large pool and many plants. Capybaras can have fun there. Liang, a worker in the park, says, “Our most important job isn’t just to attract more visitors. We really want people to know more about nature and the importance of saving our animal friends.” The park also has science lessons and fun activities to help people learn how to protect animals. 1．Many people love capybaras because of their ________. ①cute looks    ②funny name    ③good character A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．①②③ 2．What does the underlined words “communicate with” mean? A．talk to B．fight with C．depend on D．play with 3．What can we learn from the last (最后的) two paragraphs (段落)? A．Each capybara has its own area in the park. B．The park takes good care of the six capybaras. C．The park wants more visitors than anything else. D．The six capybaras take part in science lessons at the park. 4．What is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．The life of capybaras in China B．A trip to Nanning Garden Expo Park C．Some useful ways of saving capybaras D．Capybaras: new stars in a Chinese park 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了南宁园博园的六只水豚如何成为公园的新明星，介绍了它们的外貌、性格、交流方式以及生活环境。 1．细节理解题。根据“These animals have brown fur, and their small ears look like little wings. Capybaras are from South America, but their cute looks make them popular in China. Chinese fans give them a funny name, Capy.”和“They are friendly to people and other animals. That’s also why lots of people like them.”可知，人们喜欢水豚是因为它们可爱的外表和友好的性格，而“funny name”是中国粉丝给它们起的，并非喜欢的原因。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“When they are hungry, they usually make small sounds like ‘squeak-squeak’. If they are happy, they often make soft sounds. When they make loud sounds, they are telling their friends and family to be careful because there may be danger (危险) nearby.”可知，水豚通过声音与彼此交流。因此“communicate with”意为“与……交谈”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The six capybaras at Nanning Garden Expo Park live in a special area, as they need to spend lots of time in water to stay cool and keep insects away each day. In the area, there is a large pool and many plants. Capybaras can have fun there.”和“Our most important job isn’t just to attract more visitors. We really want people to know more about nature and the importance of saving our animal friends.”可知，公园为六只水豚提供了良好的生活环境，并致力于教育人们保护动物。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了南宁园博园的六只水豚，它们的外貌、性格、交流方式以及生活环境，并提到公园希望通过这些动物让人们更多地了解自然和保护动物的重要性。因此最佳标题是“水豚：中国公园的新明星”。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期末） Cities are full of tall buildings, factories, and cars. They are very useful places for people to live. However, for animals, living it a city can be very difficult. This is why some animals have changed to survive city life. The peppered moth (花斑蛾), for example, changes its colour to survive in the city. The quality of the air in the city is not quite good. This makes the surface of trees darker. The peppered moth changes to a darker colour to match the trees. In this way, it can hide from other animals. The great tit (山雀) changes its voice to survive in the city. It sings to find a mate. But in the city, it is too noisy for other birds to hear it singing. So the great tit changes its song to a higher pitch (音调). In the forest, the crow drops seeds and nuts from high above to break them on the ground. Then it can get the food inside. However, the city crow has a better idea. It drops its seeds on the street and waits for cars to break them. Then it quickly flies down and picks up its meal. 1．The peppered moth changes colour to match the ________. A．trees B．cars C．people D．air 2．How does the city crow break seeds? A．By breaking them with tools. B．By making other animals do it. C．By dropping them and waiting for cars to do it. D．By dropping and breaking them on the ground. 3．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．The animals in cities change their colours. B．Birds in cities change their singing voices. C．Cities are useful places for animals and people. D．Some animals make changes to survive in cities. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了城市中的一些动物为了适应城市生活而做出的改变。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The peppered moth changes to a darker colour to match the trees.”可知，花斑蛾改变颜色是为了与树木相匹配。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It drops its seeds on the street and waits for cars to break them.”可知，城市里的乌鸦会把种子扔到街上，等待汽车把它们碾碎。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“This is why some animals have changed to survive city life.”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了城市中的一些动物为了适应城市生活而做出的改变。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）Scientists at Penn State University used an unusual method to track honey bees. By placing tiny QR codes (代码) on the backs of the bees, the researchers can keep track of when the bees leave and return to their hives. The work will help scientists learn more about how bees collect food and how far they travel. They decided to use simple codes called “AprilTags”. These codes are easy for cameras to track and decode (解码), even when the lighting isn’t good. They are small, and can be glued (粘) onto the back of a bee without causing any harm. By placing a solar-powered camera and a tiny computer above the entrance to a hive, the researchers could track the movements of each tagged bee (贴标签的蜜蜂). They could tell when each bee left the hive and when it returned. They could also record the temperature. The new system gave the researchers a lot of information about the bees’ movements. They found that most trips outside the hive took between one and four minutes. The scientists think these short trips were used for quick jobs like checking the weather or pooping. Most trips, even longer ones, were shorter than 20 minutes. But about 34% of the bees took trips that lasted longer than two hours. The scientists say this could show that the bees were making longer trips to collect food. The researchers noticed that the bees spent more time out collecting when there were fewer flowers around. But some of these “long trips” could also be mistakes, where the camera didn’t catch the bee returning. The scientists were surprised by how long the bees lived. Before the study, scientists thought honey bees lived for about 28 days. But the tagged bees didn’t start collecting food until they were roughly two weeks old. And the researchers discovered that the bees continued to collect food for six weeks after that. Scientists know that bees use a special “waggle dance” to communicate with each other about where to collect food. Now the researchers want to see how their new tracking information matches up with these special movements. They plan to teach beekeepers and other scientists how to use their tracking system. 1．What is the main purpose of the study? A．To discover how bees build their hives. B．To stop bees from getting lost during long trips. C．To teach bees how to communicate using QR codes. D．To track bee movements and learn about their behavior. 2．The researchers use AprilTags to track the bees mainly because ________. A．they last longer than other types of tags B．they help bees communicate with each other C．they are small and easy for cameras to follow D．they cause no harm and can check the weather 3．What is one important finding of the study? A．All bees leave the hive early in the morning. B．Bees fly longer when there are more flowers. C．Bees live longer than scientists once believed. D．Bees don’t stop collecting food until 6 weeks old. 4．What makes this study meaningful? A．It shows how temperature possibly affects bee movements. B．It may help scientists better understand the “waggle dance”. C．It proves that bees are likely to use QR codes to communicate. D．It may help beekeepers earn more money from honey sales. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宾夕法尼亚州立大学的科学家通过在蜜蜂背上贴微型QR代码来追踪蜜蜂的活动，从而了解蜜蜂的觅食行为、飞行距离和寿命等信息，并计划将这一追踪系统推广给养蜂人和其他科学家。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The work will help scientists learn more about how bees collect food and far they travel.”可知，该研究的主要目的是追踪蜜蜂的活动并了解它们的行为。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“These codes are easy for cameras to track and decode (解码), even when the lighting isn’t good. They are small, and can be glued (粘) onto the back of a bee without causing any harm.”可知，研究人员使用AprilTags追踪蜜蜂，主要是因为它们体积小，便于相机追踪。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“Before the study, scientists thought honey bees lived for about 28 days. But the tagged bees didn’t start collecting food until they were roughly two weeks old. And the researchers discovered that the bees continued to collect food for six weeks after that.”可知，研究发现蜜蜂的寿命比科学家之前认为的要长。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists know that bees use a special ‘waggle dance’ to communicate with each other about where to collect food. Now the researchers want to see how their new tracking information matches up with these special movements.”可知，这项研究的意义在于它可能帮助科学家更好地理解蜜蜂的“摇摆舞”。故选B。 主题02 人与社会——景点/建筑 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期末）Guanqian Street is one of the most famous shopping areas in Suzhou. Lying in the center of Suzhou’s old town, the street is a place where history and modern life dance together. In the Song Dynasty (960—1279), the street was called “Tianqingguan Street” because of the temple’s (庙) old name. Later, during the Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368), people started calling it “Guanqian Street”. In the 1930s, the street became wider. After 1949, it was rebuilt with asphalt (柏油). In 1982, it became one of China’s earliest walking streets. The biggest changes happened between 1999 and 2003. New shopping malls were built, but the street still kept its historical style. For example, buildings were low and painted in black, white, and grey to match Suzhou’s ancient buildings. Now Guanqian Street has six parts, such as modern shopping areas and traditional snack areas. Today, Guanqian Street never sleeps! You can taste delicious spring rolls, try on traditional silk clothes, or watch artists paint fans. During festivals, the street shines with lanterns and lively music. At night, colourful lights make the street even more beautiful. Now, the street has also become a popular place for visitors with new things like 3D screens and themed (主题) cafes. Guanqian Street is like an ever-changing storybook. It shows how Suzhou loves its past but also welcomes the future. As local people say: “A trip to Suzhou is never perfect without visiting Guanqian Street!” 1．Which of the following is TRUE about Guanqian Street? A．In 1982, it was one of China’s biggest walking streets. B．People could walk on this wider street in the 1930s. C．It was called “Guanqian Street” because of the temple’s old name. D．People started calling it “Tianqingguan Street” in the Yuan Dynasty. 2．________ show that the street kept its historical style. A．Black, white, and grey buildings B．Colourful lights at night C．Modern shopping malls D．3D screens and themed cafes 3．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Guanqian Street is a must-see place in Suzhou. B．Travellers should visit Guanqian Street many times. C．Guanqian Street is the most popular street in Suzhou. D．Travellers should visit as many places as they can in Suzhou. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Shopping Fun on Guanqian Street B．Modern Changes on Guanqian Street C．Guanqian Street: Where Old and New Meet D．Guanqian Street: A New Walking Street 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕苏州观前街展开，介绍了它的历史演变、建筑风格以及如今的特色等。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“In the 1930s, the street became wider.”可知，在20世纪30年代人们可以在这条更宽的街上行走，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“For example, buildings were low and painted in black, white, and grey to match Suzhou’s ancient buildings.”可知，黑白灰的建筑表明这条街保留了历史风格，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“As local people say: ‘A trip to Suzhou is never perfect without visiting Guanqian Street!’”可知，这句话意思是去苏州旅行不参观观前街就不完美，即观前街是苏州必去的地方，故选A。 4．最佳标题题。文章讲述了观前街的历史变迁，以及现在融合了现代元素又保留历史风格的情况，所以最佳标题是选项C“观前街：新旧交融之地”， 故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏镇江·期末） Jiuzhaigou is a beautiful place in Sichuan Province. It has amazing natural scenery (风景). The name “Jiuzhaigou” means nine Tibetan villages. They are in the valleys (山谷) of the area. The most well--known feature of Jiuzhaigou is its crystal-clear (清澈透明的) lakes. These lakes are colourful and the water is very clear. You can easily see fish swimming in it. Another eye-catching part of Jiuzhaigou is its wonderful waterfalls. There are many waterfalls with different shapes and sizes. Some waterfalls are tall and powerful, while others are small and quiet. The sounds of the water falling into the valley can make you feel relaxed. Jiuzhaigou also has many kinds of plants and animals. It is a great place to see rare animals like giant pandas and golden monkeys. You will feel lucky to see them. Visitors to Jiuzhaigou often take a walk along the paths through the forests and valleys. They breathe in the fresh mountain air while looking around at the beautiful scenery. Many people also stop to take photos of the amazing views so that they can remember the scenes forever. If you have time, be sure to visit Jiuzhaigou. You’ll find that every minute you spend in Jiuzhaigou is well worth it. 1．What can we learn about Jiuzhaigou from Paragraph 1? A．How it became famous. B．How it got its name C．What the villages are like. D．What the villagers like doing. 2．What does the underlined word “rare” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．凶猛的 B．庞大的 C．珍稀的 D．敏捷的 3．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To show the best time to visit Jiuzhaigou. B．To tell people what they can do in Jiuzhaigou. C．To introduce (介绍) the beauty of Jiuzhaigou. D．To ask people to protect the plants and animal. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了九寨沟的自然风景、动植物以及游客体验。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Jiuzhaigou is a beautiful place in Sichuan Province. It has amazing natural scenery (风景). The name ‘Jiuzhaigou’ means nine Tibetan villages. They are in the valleys (山谷) of the area.”可知，“九寨沟” 这个名字意思是九个藏族村落，明确说明了九寨沟名字的由来。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据第四段“rare animals like giant pandas and golden monkeys”及结合常识可知，大熊猫和金丝猴是中国的珍稀保护动物，因此划线单词“rare”意为 “珍稀的”。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文整体围绕九寨沟的自然风景、动植物以及游客体验展开，最后还推荐人们去参观，核心目的是介绍九寨沟的美丽之处，故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏镇江·期末）Chaka Salt Lake is one of the most amazing places of interest in China. It is about three hundred kilometres away from Xining, the capital of Qinghai Province. Chaka Salt Lake is famous for its unique (独特的) beauty. On a sunny day, the surface of the water looks so clear and perfectly shows the clouds and sky above. This is why people call it “the mirror of the sky” (天空之镜). The lake isn’t deep at all, so people can walk through the water safely. As you step into the lake, it’s like walking in the sky. It is really a natural wonder and a treat for your eyes. This fun and unusual experience makes Chaka Salt Lake a popular place for visitors. There are several ways to tour around Chaka Salt Lake: you can walk along the tourist attractions, take a small train or a boat ride. Along the way, you won’t miss the salt sculptures (雕塑). They are large, all white, and show things like historical figures, animals and natural landscapes. A walk among these sculptures is an enjoyable experience. The beautiful Chaka Salt Lake is a great choice for anyone to look for a quiet moment. 1．Chaka Salt Lake is ________. A．in the capital city of Xining B．about 300 km away from Xining C．between Xining and Qinghai D．in the centre of Qinghai Province 2．Why do people call Chaka Salt Lake “the mirror of the sky”? A．Because the water is deep and blue. B．Because people can have a walk in the sky. C．Because there are many salt sculptures. D．Because it shows clouds and the sky clearly. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．It’s relaxing to visit Chaka Salt Lake. B．It’s strange to see colourful salt sculptures. C．It’s dangerous to walk among the salt sculptures. D．It’s usual to see many people at Chaka Salt Lake every day. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文介绍了茶卡盐湖。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“Chaka Salt Lake is one of the most amazing places of interest in China. It is about three hundred kilometres away from Xining, the capital of Qinghai Province.”可知，它距西宁约300公里，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“the surface of the water looks so clear and perfectly shows the clouds and sky above. This is why people call it ‘the mirror of the sky’ (天空之镜).”可知，因能清晰映出天空和云被称为“天空之镜”，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“The beautiful Chaka Salt Lake is a great choice for anyone to look for a quiet moment.”可知，参观茶卡盐湖很放松，故选A。 主题03 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期末） Now that it is summer, how about treating yourself to some ice cream? Many people think ice cream is modern Western food. In fact, it can date from the Tang dynasty (朝代) in China. Back then, it was not called ice cream; it was known as “Su Shan”. “Su Shan” was made from milk, just like cream or butter. It was not only tasty but also healthy. It’s recorded that Nomads (游牧民) from the north introduced it to central China. According to some records, women often made “Su Shan”. They would heat “Su Shan” until it melted (融化) and then carefully pour it onto a plate, shaping it into the form of a mountain. Then they would put it in an icebox. Sometimes, they added sugar on top. They might also decorate the food with some flowers and leaves to make it look more beautiful. Tang poet Wang Lingran described how people enjoyed “Su Shan” in one of his poems. “It isn’t ice or water,” he wrote. “It disappears (消失) as soon as it touches your teeth.” In the picture The Noble Lady, two ladies are holding “Su Shan.” At first, people thought they were holding potted plants (盆栽). When watching closely, they found it was something more like today’s ice cream, with flowers on top. “Su Shan” was a popular dish during the Tang and Song dynasties. However, only rich people and royalty (皇族) could pay for large iceboxes to prepare this summer treat. Luckily, today, we can all enjoy ice cream whenever we want! 1．Why does the writer ask a question in paragraph 1? A．To tell the weather. B．To give a suggestion. C．To introduce the topic. D．To send an invitation. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Su Shan. B．Milk. C．Cream. D．Butter. 3．Which of the following lines may be from Wang Lingran’s poem? A．削成琼叶片，嚼作雪花声。 B．大如苋实白如玉，滑欲流匙香满屋。 C．春馀甘蔗榨为浆，色弄鹅儿浅浅黄。 D．随玉箸而必进，非固非吝；触皓齿而便消，是津是润。 4．What can we learn about “Su Shan” from the article? A．It was tasty but not healthy. B．Men usually made it at home. C．People needed an icebox to make it. D．Every family could enjoy it. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国唐朝的“酥山”。文中阐述了“酥山”的制作原料、制作过程等，还引用诗人的描述体现人们对“酥山”的喜爱，同时说明“酥山”在唐宋时期虽受欢迎但只有富人和皇族能享用，与现在人人都能随时享受冰淇淋形成对比，让读者了解到冰淇淋的历史渊源 。 【详解】1．推理判断题。根据“Now that it is summer, how about treating yourself to some ice cream?”以及后文围绕冰淇淋的起源“酥山”展开讲述可知，作者在第一段问这个问题是为了引出主题，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“‘Su Shan’ was made from milk, just like cream or butter...It’s recorded that Nomads (游牧民) from the north introduced it to central China.”可知，这里的“it”指代前文提到的“Su Shan”，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Tang poet Wang Lingran described how people enjoyed ‘Su Shan’ in one of his poems. ‘It isn’t ice or water,’ he wrote. ‘It disappears (消失) as soon as it touches your teeth.’”可知，“酥山”不是冰也不是水，一碰到牙齿就消失了，选项D“随玉箸而必进，非固非吝；触皓齿而便消，是津是润。”符合描述，故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“They would put it in an icebox.”可知，人们需要一个冰盒来制作“酥山”，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期末）①The Classic of Mountains and Seas is an ancient Chinese book. People wrote it about 2,000 years ago. It has many interesting stories about places and animals. Some places in the book are real, and some are not real. ②The book talks about high mountains and long rivers. It tells about strange animals that no one sees today. One animal is a fox with nine tails. It is very smart and lives for many years. There is also a big dragon that makes rain fall. Some birds are as big as houses! Their wings are so wide they can cover the sun. ③The book also has stories about strong gods and brave people. Some stories tell how the world began. Others explain why things in nature happen. There are tales about special plants that can help sick people get better. ④The book even tells about far places and different groups of people. Long ago, people used this book to learn about the world. It was like their map and nature book. The book helped them understand things they didn’t know about. ⑤This book is very important for Chinese culture. It shows us how people long ago thought about their world. The stories mix real things with imaginary things. They help us see how people explained things they didn’t understand. The stories are fun to read. They take us to a time when magic seemed possible. The book helps us learn about old Chinese ways of thinking. It is like a window to a world full of wonders. 1．How many kinds of strange animals are mentioned (提及) in the second paragraph? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about the Classic of Mountains and Seas? A．The book is set in an imagined world. B．The book is important for the world’s culture. C．The book is both interesting and useful for people. D．The book helped people learn all about the world. 3．According to the passage, what can people learn from the Classic of Mountains and Seas? a. fantasy          b. nature          c. history       d. medicine A．a B．ab C．abc D．abcd 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了《山海经》这本中国古代书籍，包括其内容、涉及的动物、神祇故事以及对中国文化的重要意义。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段提到了“a fox with nine tails”、“a big dragon”和“Some birds”可知，共三种奇怪的动物。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段“It has many interesting stories”和第四段“Long ago, people used this book to learn about the world.”可知，《山海经》既有趣又有用。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“strange animals”、第四段“like their map and nature book”、第三段“special plants that can help sick people”以及全文对古代思想的描述，可知a、b、c、d均正确。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述《山海经》的基本信息，第二、三、四段分述其内容，第五段总结其文化意义，属于“总—分—总”结构。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期末） Taipingnijiaojiao is a clay toy, but it can be used as a whistle (哨子). It is a traditional toy from Zhenjiang, Jiangsu. It has a history of more than 1,000 years. About 20 years ago, Zhou Baokang first noticed Taipingnijiaojiao during a temple fair (庙会) in Huashan Village, Zhenjiang. He soon became interested in it. He later learned from local artists how to make the toys himself. Now the 60-year-old man is an inheritor (传承人) of the Taipingnijiaojiao art form. Zhou loves to make Taipingnijiaojiao in the shape of animals because there is great space (空间) to create. Without drawing any drafts (草图), you can turn some mud into the thing you want. He makes Taipingnijiaojiao for the Chinese animal sign (生肖) of each year. For example, when he was making tigers, he tried to show the spirit of the king of animals through exaggerated (夸张的) details, like big mouths and sharp teeth. Zhou works hard to pass on his skills. He teaches kids to make the toy at schools. Besides, he opens a folk art museum to show the toy. “Taipingnijiaojiao is a small toy that carries traditional culture. We should pass it down”, Zhou said. 1．What is special about Taipingnijiaojiao? A．It is only made in Zhenjiang. B．It can be both a toy and a whistle. C．It is made of expensive materials. D．It has a history of 100 years. 2．How did Zhou Baokang get interested in Taipingnijiaojiao? A．By watching a video about it. B．By learning from a book. C．By seeing it at a temple fair. D．By meeting an inheritor. 3．Why does Zhou like to make Taipingnijiaojiao in animal shapes better? A．Because animals are easy to make. B．Because he needs to follow the tradition. C．Because it allows more creative ideas. D．Because kids like animal-shaped toys better. 4．What does Zhou do to pass on the Taipingnijiaojiao art? ①He makes toys for kids for nothing. ②He teaches children to make the toy at schools. ③He opens a museum to show the toy. ④He writes books about making the toy. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了太平泥叫叫这一传统玩具，包括其属性、历史，以及周宝康对它的传承相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“Taipingnijiaojiao is a clay...as a whistle (哨子).” 可知，太平泥叫叫既是玩具又是哨子，这是它的特别之处。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“About 20 years ago...interested in it.”可知，周宝康是在庙会上看到太平泥叫叫后产生兴趣的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Zhou loves to make...(空间) to create.”可知，周宝康喜欢做动物形状的太平泥叫叫是因为有很大的创作空间，即能有更多创意。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“He teaches kids to...to show the toy.”可知，周宝康传承太平泥叫叫艺术的方式是在学校教孩子制作以及开设民俗艺术博物馆展示，对应②③。故选B。 主题04 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末） We usually think fish can’t talk. But there are a lot of sounds under the ocean. In fact, scientists believe that all sea animals—at least 250,000 kinds—can “speak”. If we listen carefully when we are underwater, “we can hear animals all around us,” UK scientist Steve Simpson told the BBC. In the past years, scientists used sound recorders (录音机) to hear fish’s “voices”. There are now thousands of recorders in the ocean. They help scientists match sounds with sea life. A healthy coral reef (珊瑚礁) is one of the noisiest places in the ocean. Scientists can tell if it’s healthy by listening to it. A healthy coral reef should be full of clicks (咔嚓声) made by shrimps (小虾). When some coral reefs died in 2015 and 2016, they became quiet. After people set up the protected areas, scientists heard the animals come back. By listening to the ocean, scientists start to understand sea animals’ languages. Strong clownfish make short “chirp” sounds when going after small clownfish. They do this to show they are more powerful (有力量的). A damselfish can create a pop sound to scare other fish by quickly opening and closing its mouth. Mother dolphins can use a special voice to talk to their babies. They are saying “I’m here” to comfort the baby dolphins. Scientists are building an online library called the Global Library of Underwater Biological Sounds (全球水下生物声音库). It will collect sounds from all over the world to check sea animals’ health. Humans need to understand the sounds made by underwater animals before they die out. 1．What do scientists use “recorders” to do? A．To protect coral reefs. B．To talk with fish. C．To collect sounds from sea life. D．To look for new kinds of sea life. 2．Why is the coral reef a noisy place? A．Because many shrimps live there. B．Because people feed animals there. C．Because the coral reef can give out sounds. D．Because many fishes speak in dead coral reefs. 3．How many kinds of “languages” does the writer mention in the fourth paragraph? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．A record of animals’ sounds. B．The health of living things in the sea. C．A new finding about sounds. D．Sounds in the sea. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了海洋中存在各种生物发出的声音，科学家通过录音设备收集这些声音以了解海洋生物及其健康状况，还介绍了不同海洋生物声音所代表的含义，以及建立全球水下生物声音库的意义。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“In the past years, scientists used sound recorders (录音机) to hear fish’s ‘voices’. There are now thousands of recorders in the ocean. They help scientists match sounds with sea life.”可知科学家用录音机收集海洋生物的声音。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“A healthy coral reef (珊瑚礁) is one of the noisiest places in the ocean. A healthy coral reef should be full of clicks (咔嚓声) made by shrimps (小虾).”可知珊瑚礁很喧闹是因为很多小虾生活在那里。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Strong clownfish make short ‘chirp’ sounds when going after small clownfish. A damselfish can create a pop sound to scare other fish. Mother dolphins can use a special voice to talk to their babies.”可知提到了小丑鱼、雀鲷鱼、海豚妈妈三种“语言”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕海洋里的声音展开，介绍了海洋动物能发出声音、科学家对海洋声音的研究等。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏南通·期末） Did you know that trees can “talk” with each other? They “talk” not to be helpful, but because they can’t help it, a new study said. It may look like each tree in a forest stands alone on its roots (根). But they’re connected (连接) underground by mycorrhizal networks (菌根网络). These networks are made of very small threads of fungi (真菌丝). Between 80 to 90 per cent of trees are on this “wood-wide web”. Earlier studies show that trees use it to warn others about danger, according to The Conversation. For example, when bugs (虫子) come to eat the leaves of a tree, the tree can send chemical signals (化学信号) through the networks. Other trees then pick up the information and make special juice to keep the bugs away. However, a new study led by the UK’s University of Oxford says something different. After running tests on math models, scientists found that trees do not in fact get anything from being nice. They could protect themselves by lying to plants around them. This is because trees fight for sunlight, water and food all the time. So, it does not make sense for a tree to help others when it is in trouble. So why do they send signals? Scientists think there may be two reasons. First, trees can’t help sending information, just like we sometimes can’t stop our faces from turning red. Second, the fungi may be the ones spreading the signals because they need plants to live. 1．How are most trees connected underground? A．Using water in the soil. B．By very small threads of fungi. C．Through small roots of plants. D．With chemical clouds above ground. 2．Why do trees send signals about bugs according to earlier studies? A．To ask animals to send help. B．To make others run away from the area. C．To tell nearby trees to make special juice. D．To welcome bugs to help plants produce seeds. 3．Which order shows how trees keep themselves safe from bugs? ①Make special juice    ②Get chemical signals    ③Bugs eat leaves    ④Fungi spread information A．③→④→②→① B．③→②→④→① C．③→②→①→④ D．②→③→①→④ 4．What does the article mainly tell us about trees? A．Where fungi learn to send information. B．Why trees fight humans for food. C．When forests become dangerous places. D．How trees “talk” in surprising ways. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了树木通过地下真菌网络进行 “交流” 的现象，对比了早期研究和牛津大学的新研究，并探讨了这种行为可能的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“But they’re connected (连接) underground by mycorrhizal networks (菌根网络). These networks are made of very small threads of fungi (真菌丝).”可知，大多数树木通过真菌丝组成的菌根网络在地下连接。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“the tree can send chemical signals (化学信号) through the networks. Other trees then pick up the information and make special juice to keep the bugs away.”可知，树木发送关于虫子的信号是为了告诉附近的树木制造特殊汁液驱虫。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“For example, when bugs (虫子) come to eat the leaves of a tree, the tree can send chemical signals (化学信号) through the networks.  Other trees then pick up the information and make special juice to keep the bugs away.”可知，正确顺序是：虫子吃树叶→树木发送化学信号→真菌传播信息→其他树木接收信号并制造特殊汁液。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了树木通过菌根网络以令人惊讶的方式的交流方式，包括信号传递的原因和方式。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Are you planning to take your pet on a long trip? On April 8, China Railway Express said that pet owners can now bring their cats or dogs on the same train. To use this service (服务), pet owners must book tickets at least two days before their trip through the 12306 app. The pet must be a healthy cat or dog. And it must weigh less than 15 kilograms. What’s more, it must be no taller than 40 centimeters at the shoulder. An animal quarantine certificate (动物检疫证书) is also needed. During the journey, pets are kept in special containers in a separate part of the train, and a railway worker will give water to them. This service is offered on 10 train routes. The company said that this service meets the increasing need for pet-friendly travel. The 2025 China Pet Industry White Paper shows that 18.7 percent of pet owners spent money on pet travel in 2024, a 4.9 percent increase from 2023. Many pet owners welcome the service. Wang Shanshan, 27, is one of them. Three years ago, when moving from Wuhan to Beijing, Wang traveled by car with her cat because pets are not allowed on planes and trains. “If such a pet-friendly train service were offered at that time,” she said, “it would have been much faster.” But there are still some worries. Qin Peixuan, 24, worries about air quality in the closed cabinet (封闭的柜子). She also said that keeping different animals together might not be a good idea. For example, a dog’s barking may make cats feel afraid. While the service still needs to be improved, it shows a change towards more user-friendly railways. In the future, we may see more services like this to help meet the increasing need in the market. Railways will become a bigger part of daily life, not just a way to travel. 1．How does the writer start the article to lead in her topic? A．By asking a question. B．By giving an example. C．By listing numbers. D．By introducing a study. 2．To use the pet-friendly train service, how many rules should we follow? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 3．Why does the writer give Wang Shanshan’s example? A．To show that this pet-friendly train service comes too late. B．To show that people don’t like this pet-friendly train service. C．To show that pet lovers quite like this pet-friendly train service. D．To show that people also have some worries about this service. 4．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A．Qin Peixuan isn’t happy with this service at all. B．This pet-friendly train service isn’t worth taking. C．Qin Peixuan will take her pet on a trip by train in the near future. D．People will see more user-friendly services on railways in the future. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国铁路推出的宠物友好服务，包括服务规则、用户反馈及未来展望。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据“Are you planning to take your pet on a long trip?”可知，作者以提问方式引入话题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“To use this service (服务), pet owners must book tickets at least two days before their trip through the 12306 app.”、“The pet must be a healthy cat or dog.”、“it must weigh less than 15 kilograms”、“it must be no taller than 40 centimeters at the shoulder”和“An animal quarantine certificate (动物检疫证书) is also needed”可知，要使用宠物友好型列车服务，应该遵守五条规则。包括：提前两天订票；宠物需为健康猫狗；体重小于15公斤；肩高小于等于40厘米；需动物检疫证书。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“‘If such a pet-friendly train service were offered at that time,’ she said, ‘it would have been much faster.’”可知，作者用王珊珊的例子来说明宠物爱好者非常喜欢这种宠物友好的火车服务。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“In the future, we may see more services like this to help meet the increasing need in the market.”可推测，未来，人们将在铁路上看到更多方便用户的服务。故选D。 主题01 人与自然——航天与航空 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）With the rapid development of technology, China’s aerospace industry (航空航天工业) has achieved remarkable achievements that have gained worldwide attention. The Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft was launched (发射) on October 30th,2024. Song Lingdong was one of the astronauts on this mission (任务)。 Born into a farmer’s family in Caoxian, Shandong Province, Song was recruited (招募) by the People’s Liberation Army Air Force (中国人民解放军空军) in 2008 and was sent to learn flying. In the first months at the Air Force’s flight school, Song had bad scores on his tests because of longtime malnutrition (营养不良). He also went through a hard time flying in the training machine because of air sickness (晕机)。 Knowing clearly about his weaknesses, Song decided to deal with them through hard work and strict training. He soon became the only student in his class who always appeared on the exercise field and often asked the trainers to double the amount of his training. Thanks to his hard work, he received the top score in his solo flight examination and was praised for his excellent performance. Song Lingdong said that, when he was just 13, he watched a TV news report about China’s first spaceflight. ▲ In September 2020, he was chosen as one of the third group of astronaut and began his-training in Beijing. Later, Song found he was troubled by his character-being impatient. He soon realized that what a successful astronaut really needed was calmness and team spirit. He learned to slow down and even started going fishing to improve his patience. Now, with the launch of Shenzhou-19, his dream has come true. 1．What’s the purpose of writing Paragraph 1? A．To tell a story. B．To tell the differences. C．To introduce the background. D．To introduce China’s aerospace industry. 2．What does the underlined word “weaknesses” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．担心 B．弱点 C．胆怯 D．冷静 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in paragraph 5? A．That made him want to fly into space. B．He wanted to be a successful astronaut. C．That made him very interested in learning. D．He thought the news report was very true. 4．Which of the following can best describe Song’s experience? A．长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。 B．黑发不知勤学早，白首方悔读书迟。 C．读书不觉已春深，一寸光阴一寸金。 D．江东子弟多才俊，卷土重来未可知。 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国航天员宋令东的成长经历，包括他的家庭背景、在空军飞行学校克服困难、为成为航天员努力训练并克服性格缺点，最终随着神舟十九号发射，梦想成真的故事，展现其为航天事业奋斗的历程。 【详解】46．主旨大意题。根据“With the rapid development of technology... The Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft was launched (发射) on October 30th, 2024. Song Lingdong was one of the astronauts on this mission (任务).”可知，是为了引出宋令东及他参与神舟十九号任务这一背景。故选C。 1．词句猜测题。根据“In the first months at the Air Force’s flight school, Song had bad scores on his tests because of longtime malnutrition (营养不良). He also went through a hard time flying in the training machine because of air sickness (晕机).”可知，这些是宋令东存在的不足，即弱点，后面说他决定通过努力克服这些weaknesses，所以weaknesses是“弱点”意思。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Song Lingdong said that, when he was just 13, he watched a TV news report about China’s first spaceflight.”可知，结合他后来成为航天员，可推断是这次观看让他有了飞入太空的想法，A选项“产生飞入太空想法”符合题意。故选A。 3．推理判断题。通读原文可知，宋令东克服了营养不良、晕机、性格急躁等困难，最终实现航天梦想。A选项“尽管前路障碍重重，但仍会有一天乘长风破万里浪，挂上云帆，横渡沧海，到达理想的彼岸”符合题意。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）For centuries, humans have looked up at the night sky and wondered: Are we alone in the universe? Today, thanks to technology, scientists are closer than ever to finding the answer. Space telescopes (太空望远镜) like the James Webb Space Telescope allow scientists to see planets far beyond our solar system. These planets, called exoplanets, may have the right conditions for life. Some exoplanets have water, mild temperatures, and even atmospheres (大气层) similar to Earth’s. James Webb can also study the gases in these planets’ atmospheres, helping scientists find facts about possible living conditions. Scientists are very excited about these discoveries because where there is water, there could be life. Robotic spacecraft (太空船) also help explore places that humans cannot yet reach. Rovers like Perseverance on Mars are searching for signs of ancient life. They collect some soil and rock and send data back to Earth. In the future, NASA plans to bring some of these samples back around 2028, allowing scientists to study them more closely on Earth. But space adventure is not just about looking for life. Scientists also dream of humans living on other planets. Mars is the most popular choice. A day on Mars is about 24.6 hours, almost the same as on Earth, but the temperature is much lower. Researchers are studying how people could survive there by growing food, building houses, and protecting themselves from radiation (辐射). Scientists have already started experiments on growing plants, like potatoes, in soil that is similar to soil on Mars. Of course, space travel has many challenges. Traveling to Mars could take six to nine months and the environment isn’t very easy to live in. Scientists are working hard to solve these problems—designing better spacecraft, developing stronger space suits, and finding ways to make life safer and easier in space. The dream of living beyond Earth may seem far away, but every discovery brings us one step closer. One day, humans might not just visit Mars or other planets, they might call them home. Maybe the young people of today will be the first explorers to live among the stars. 1．What makes scientists excited about the discovery of certain exoplanets? A．They have atmospheres similar to Earth’s. B．They contain water, which can support life. C．They are located far from our solar system. D．They can be seen through space telescopes. 2．What does the word “samples” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Soil and rock collected on Mars. B．Photos of Mars taken by spacecraft. C．Signs of ancient life found on Mars. D．Data taken by spacecraft about Mars. 3．What can we learn about planet exploration? A．Growing plants in Mars-like soil has been fully successful. B．Soil on Mars may be brought to Earth by the end of next year. C．Today’s young people may be the first people to live on Mars. D．Scientists have already found out whether we are alone in space. 4．Where can we possibly read this passage? A．In a science magazine. B．In a science fiction storybook. C．In a space adventure novel. D．In a travel guide to Mars. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家的行星探索。 1．细节理解题。根据“Scientists are very excited about these discoveries because where there is water, there could be life.”可知，一些系外行星含有水，可以维持生命，这让科学家们对发现一些系外行星感到兴奋。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“They collect some soil and rock and send data back to Earth. In the future, NASA plans to bring some of these samples back around 2028, allowing scientists to study them more closely on Earth.”可知，机器人宇宙飞船“毅力号”在火星收集一些土壤和岩石，并将数据发送回地球。未来，美国国家航空航天局计划在2028年左右将其中一些样本带回。samples意为“样本”，在文中指火星上采集的土壤和岩石。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Maybe the young people of today will be the first explorers to live among the stars.”可知，我们可以从行星探索中了解到，今天的年轻人可能是第一批生活在火星上的人。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“For centuries, humans have looked up at the night sky and wondered: Are we alone in the universe? Today, thanks to technology, scientists are closer than ever to finding the answer.”可知，并结合全文，本文主要讲述了科学家的行星探索，我们可能在一本科学杂志上看到这篇文章。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）①On the morning of April 30,2025, Shenzhou-19 came back to Earth safely. It landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site in Inner Mongolia (内蒙古). The three astronauts-Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze were back home after they stayed at Tiangong Space Station for six months. Their safe return showed that China is really good at space technology (技术). ②During their six-month stay, the astronauts were quite busy. They did 86 scientific experiments (实验). These experiments were about space life science, micro gravity physics, and space material science. The knowledge from the experiments will help us understand space better. ③The astronauts also took spacewalks. They put up special devices (装置) to protect the space station from space debris (碎片). These spacewalks were important to keep the space station safe. ④This mission (任务) was China’s 14th manned space flight. Shenzhou -19 set a new record for the heaviest load(最重负载) carried by a Shenzhou spacecraft. It shows that China is making great progress in space exploration (探索). 1．When did Shenzhou-19 return to Earth? A．On April 30, 2025. B．On October 30, 2024. C．On April 30, 2024. D．On October 30, 2025. 2．What did the astronauts NOT do during their mission? A．Conduct 86 scientific experiments. B．Take spacewalks. C．Build a new space station. D．Install special devices. 3．What does “It” refer to (指的是) in the last paragraph? A．Tiangong Space Station B．The heaviest load record C．The safe return D．The scientific experiment 4．How is this passage organized? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了神舟十九号载人飞船于2025年4月30日安全返回地球的情况，包括宇航员在太空站的任务、此次任务的重要意义等。 1．细节理解题。根据“On the morning of April 30, 2025, Shenzhou-19 came back to Earth safely.”可知，神舟十九号返回地球的时间是2025年4月30日。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文中“Astronauts did 86 scientific experiments”和“took spacewalks”及“put up special devices”可知，宇航员未提及“建造新空间站”。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Shenzhou-19 set a new record for the heaviest load carried by a Shenzhou spacecraft. It shows that…”可知，It指代前句中“神舟十九号创下的最重负载记录”。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述神舟十九号返回及意义，第二、三段分述宇航员的科学实验和太空行走任务，第四段总结任务创下的记录及中国航天的进步，属于“总—分—总”结构。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——意见/建议 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏泰州·期末）No matter whether you like it or not, social media (社交媒体) is becoming a big part of many teenagers’ lives. The Internet is popular among young people in China. A survey shows that over 90 per cent of all Chinese minors (未成年人) use the Internet and 50 per cent of these young people have made new friends online. Social media allows people to connect with friends, share experiences, and stay on trend (紧跟潮流) . However, the Internet also has risks. It is important to stay safe while having fun online. Here are some simple tips. First, if you have accounts on different apps, make sure you use strong passwords (密码) . Avoid using easy- to- guess information, like your birthday or your pet’s name. Second, be careful when you talk to strangers online. Not every person online is friendly or telling the truth about themselves. Don’t share personal details, like your address, school name, or phone number. Third, if you want to post anything online, think it over. Once it is out there, it is hard to know who sees it. Don’t talk about things you may regret (后悔). Lastly, keep your own social media information safe so only real friends can see your posts and information. Follow the tips above and you can stay safe on social media and the Internet. Be careful with the risks and protect yourself. 1．According to the survey, about how many Chinese minors use the Internet? A．50%. B．70%. C．90%. D．100%. 2．Which of the following is the best example of a strong password according to the passage? A．password123. B．20250625. C．hellokitty. D．T#6mV?2025. 3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to stay safe online? A．Using strong passwords that are hard to guess. B．Being careful when talking to online strangers. C．Sharing your home address with close online friends. D．Thinking carefully before posting anything online. 4．Why should you “think it over” before you post something online? A．Because your parents will see it. B．Because it is hard to control who sees it later. C．Because it uses too much Internet data. D．Because strangers might not like it. 5．What is the main purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To tell teenagers to stop using social media. B．To show how popular the Internet is in China. C．To give teenagers advice on staying safe online. D．To explain why people make friends online. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社交媒体在青少年生活中的重要性，并提供了几条关于如何在网络上保持安全的建议。 【详解】58．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“A survey shows that over 90 per cent of all Chinese minors use the Internet”可知，中国未成年人使用互联网的比例约为90%。故选C。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“make sure you use strong passwords... Avoid using easy-to-guess information, like your birthday or your pet’s name”（确保使用强密码……避免使用容易猜测的信息，如生日或宠物名字）可推知，强密码应包含复杂组合，选项D“T#6mV?2025”符合这一要求。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Don’t share personal details, like your address, school name, or phone number”可知，不要分享个人详细信息，如地址、学校名称或电话号码，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第5段“Once it is out there, it is hard to know who sees it”（一旦发布，很难知道谁会看到）可推知，发布内容前需谨慎的原因是难以控制后续传播范围。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过列举具体建议（如设置强密码、谨慎对待陌生人信息等）说明写作目的是“为青少年提供网络安全建议”。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）China is making efforts to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. The government has started a three-year “Weight Management Year” program from 2024 to 2027 to fight against obesity, which can lead to serious health illnesses. Here’s what you should know about the latest instructions. Firstly, it is necessary to check your BMI (Body Mass Index). For adults, a healthy BMI is from 18.5 to 24. If your BMI is between 24 and 28, you are overweight; a BMI of 28 or higher is considered as obesity. Moreover, you need to know the size of your waist: men should keep it under 90 cm, and women under 85 cm. Eating right is important, and exercise matters just as much! When it comes to diet, choose whole grains like brown rice, fresh vegetables, and high-protein foods such as fish, chicken, or beans. Keep away from fried foods and high-sugar snacks, and also reduce your salt and oil intake. To our surprise, the instructions even include some local dishes—like the “strewed fish” from Northeast China or the “noodles with pepper oil” from the Northwest. When it comes to exercise, you are advised to do sports like walking, cycling or dancing for 150-300 minutes each week, plus strength exercises twice a week. If you find yourself sitting for a few hours while studying, make sure to stand up and stretch for 3-5 minutes every hour. In addition to diet and exercise, small daily habits can also help. Teens should get 7 hours of sleep nightly, as poor sleep can increase weight, too. Try eating vegetables first, then meat, and finally rice or bread during meals to control the amount of food. Schools and hospitals are also giving a helping hand. For example, schools across the country are encouraged to provide at least a P. E. class a day. Hospitals have set up special “weight management clinics”, where doctors provide personalized diet and exercise plans. By 2030, China hopes to slow down the growth of obesity through education and support. Remember, losing weight isn’t about going for perfection—only start with small changes, like drinking water instead of other drinks or taking the stairs instead of the elevator. With these small steps, everyone can build a healthier future! * The word “obesity” means a condition of being too fat. ** The word “waist” means the middle part of the human body. 1．What can we infer from the text about the relationship between sleep and weight? A．Longer sleep always leads to weight loss. B．Sleep has nothing to do with weight. C．Adults need less sleep than teens to control their weight. D．Enough sleep helps teens keep a healthy weight. 2．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 3．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Importance of Eating Right B．Disadvantages of Obesity C．Chinese Healthy Lifestyle D．China’s Weight Management Instructions 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国政府为应对肥胖问题推出的“体重管理年”计划及相关健康建议。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第5段“Teens should get 7 hours of sleep nightly, as poor sleep can increase weight, too.”可知，青少年应每晚睡眠7小时，因为睡眠不足也会导致体重增加。可推知，充足的睡眠可以帮助青少年保持健康的体重。故选D。 2．篇章结构题。文章共7段，第1段为背景介绍，引出政府计划；第2段为BMI和腰围标准；第3段为饮食建议；第4段是运动建议；第5段为健康的生活习惯；第6段是学校与医院的辅助措施；第7段总结。结构应为“总-分-总”，①为总起，②-⑥为分述，⑦为总结。故选C。 3．最佳标题题。全文围绕中国政府的体重管理计划展开，具体说明BMI标准、饮食运动建议及社会支持措施。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏泰州·期末） Do you ever listen to people talking on the radio? Do you think how much fun it must be? There are ways to start your own radio show and have your voice heard. Taking part in a radio show helps you work as part of a team. It’s interesting for you to speak in a radio show while people in your area are listening. If you start your own radio station at your school, you’ll learn how to use the tools and make the programmes (节目) with your friends. Learning to speak on the radio can help practise your skills and make you express yourself better, or you may like sitting behind the scenes and writing reports and stories. Lots of small radio stations today are online and people can choose any of them without stepping out of their home. A company, called Radio.co, can get you started right now, and you can get a helper. It may cost you some money, but not much. You might also choose a small community radio station near you. Community stations often talk about stories and events close to you. Vick Hope and Roman Kemp, the hosts of Capital FM’s breakfast show, are now writing a book about how to start a radio show. “There are so many types of radio shows. I often give young people advice on starting one—the key is ‘just do it’!” Hope says, “Also, listen to what is happening around you and see if you can make a different type of show.” Kemp adds, “Don’t worry too much if you have no idea about technology (技术), just practise and even use things like a phone or tablet to start.” 1．Why does the writer use two questions at the beginning of paragraph 1? A．To introduce the interesting radio shows. B．To get answers from the last paragraph. C．To make readers interested in radio shows. D．To ask readers to listen to a radio show. 2．What does starting a radio show help you do according to the first two paragraphs? ①save more money        ②enjoy the fun of having local listeners ③learn about teamwork        ④get more experience in radio shows A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．What is the feature of many small radio stations today? A．They offer help and tools to people for free. B．They are online and people can work at home. C．They work for large companies like Radio.co. D．They focus largely on international news and events. 4．What advice do both Vick Hope and Roman Kemp give young people? A．Read the book by both of them. B．Listen to their voices to help people. C．Buy a phone or a tablet for a show. D．Just start simply and try to practise. 5．What is the main idea of this article? A．A personal story of a famous radio show. B．Tips for readers on how to start a radio show. C．An introduction to the history of a radio show. D．A piece of news about a popular radio show. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要为想要创办广播节目的读者提供了实用建议，从团队合作、技能提升到设备选择等方面给出了全面指导，并鼓励年轻人勇敢尝试、从简单开始。 【详解】66．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Do you ever listen to people talking on the radio? Do you think how much fun it must be? There are ways to start your own radio show and have your voice heard.”可知，你听过收音机里人们的谈话吗？你认为这有多有趣吗？有很多方法可以开办你自己的广播节目，让别人听到你的声音。由此可推测，作者在第一段的开头用了两个问题是为了让读者对广播节目感兴趣。故选C。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Taking part in a radio show helps you work as part of a team. It’s interesting for you to speak in a radio show while people in your area are listening.”和第二段中“If you start your own radio station at your school, you’ll learn how to use the tools and make the programmes (节目) with your friends.”可知，开始一个广播节目能让我们享受本地听众的乐趣，学习团队合作，在广播节目中获得更多经验。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Lots of small radio stations today are online and people can choose any of them without stepping out of their home.”可知，今天，许多小电台都在网上，人们可以选择其中任何一个，而不必走出家门。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘There are so many types of radio shows. I often give young people advice on starting one—the key is ‘just do it’!’ Hope says, ‘Also, listen to what is happening around you and see if you can make a different type of show.’ Kemp adds, ‘Don’t worry too much if you have no idea about technology (技术), just practise and even use things like a phone or tablet to start.’”可知，Vick Hope and Roman Kemp建议年轻人只要简单地开始并试着练习。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要为想要创办广播节目的读者提供了实用建议，从团队合作、技能提升到设备选择等方面给出了全面指导，并鼓励年轻人勇敢尝试、从简单开始。故选B。 主题03 人与自我——方法/策略 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期末）What part of nature do you like best? Is it the sea, the mountains, or your own backyard? You can learn how to draw landscapes as you enjoy the beauty of the outdoors. When you draw a scene, you can remember that moment forever. Art stores are filled with wonderful tools for artists. There are special pencils, pens, colored pens, and several types of artists’ paints. Sometimes it is better for beginners to start just with a pencil. You can make a lot of mistakes (失误). You can erase pencil and start again. Drawing landscapes gets easier with practice. This book will give you some tips on how to get started. When you start out to draw a landscape, you may feel that it’s quite difficult. It may seem that the mountains, rivers, and trees you draw all look the same. In fact, the artist can use skills to design a picture. Think about taking photos with a camera. By moving the camera a little, you can change what goes into your picture. Drawing a landscape is similar to this. One thing you have to think about before start is where to put the horizon (地平线). The horizon is the line where the earth meets the sky. If the horizon is at a very low part of the picture, the picture will seem very near. If it is close to the top, the picture will seem far away. Part 1 Getting Started Try to draw your picture in geometric (几何) shapes first. The mountains are shaped like cones. Sketch (速写) the cones with your pencil. Make your lines very light. In front of the mountains are some foothills. The tops of the foothills are round. Next, sketch your tree. It will be a cylinder. Lightly draw a circle (圆) around the area where the leaves will be. 1．Who may be the readers of the book? A．Camping lovers. B．World-famous artists. C．Beginners in painting. D．Students learning Maths. 2．What may the picture be like when the horizon is at the low part? A．It gives you more space to make mistakes. B．It makes you feel very close to the picture. C．It changes the size of the paper you draw on. D．It allows you to put more details in the picture. 3．Which geometric shape can we use to sketch the mountains? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一本教初学者如何画风景的书。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Sometimes it is better for beginners to start just with a pencil.有时候初学者最好只用铅笔开始。”以及第三段“Drawing landscapes gets easier with practice.画风景画通过练习变得更容易。”可知，这本书是教绘画初学者如何画风景，所以，选项C“初学者绘画”符合题意。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“If the horizon is at a very low part of the picture, the picture will seem very near.”可知，如果地平线在画的非常低的部分，画看起来会非常近，所以，选项B“它让你感觉与画面非常贴近。”符合题意。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The mountains are shaped like cones.”可知，山的形状像圆锥体，所以，我们可以用圆锥体图形来勾勒山脉。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏南通·期末）What you do after studying is very important. It can decide how well you learn and remember things. Today, on Education Tips, we’ll talk about two free ways to help you study better: wakeful rest and sleep. Many students like to do other things right after studying. Some check their phones or use computers. Others play video games or watch TV. But studies show that having a rest after studying can help you remember what you’ve learned. The idea is this: by stopping your activity after the study, your brain (大脑) gets a chance to rest. It’s hard for your brain to rest when you’re playing computer games. You might think this is strange, but lots of studies show the good things about “wakeful rest”—________. In 2019, a study found that both young people and older people could remember what they learned better after doing wakeful rest. If you want to try wakeful rest, it’s easy. Just sit quietly for 5 to 10 minutes. Don’t look at your phone, read books, or play games. That’s all! Sleep is also very important for learning. The Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School says sleep helps us learn in two ways. Their website says, “If you don’t get enough sleep, you can’t focus on something well, so you can’t learn well.” And sleep helps us remember things, and remembering is key when learning new things. The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) says adults aged 20 to 64 should sleep 6 to 7 hours a day. Teenagers may need a bit more sleep, and people over 65 may need a bit less. So, try some wakeful rest after studying. Then, get a good night’s sleep. These are simple and free ways to help you remember what you learn. 1．Your friend is preparing for the exam. What will you advise him to do after studying? A．Open your phone and chat with friends on WeChat for a while. B．Start to play your favourite video game for 30 minutes to relax. C．Start to prepare for another subject’s study as quickly as you can. D．Lie down quietly for 8 minutes without using the phone or reading. 2．Which sentence can be put in the ________? A．it means taking a break without any sleep B．you should play games to relax your brain C．you’d better go on with study after having a rest D．that’s resting after learning while you’ re still awake 3．How long should teenagers sleep each day according to NSF? A．Less than 6 hours. B．Just 7 hours. C．Around 8 hours. D．No more than 7 hours. 4．Which may be the best title for the passage? A．Education Today: The Importance of Wakeful Rest B．Study Tips: How to Use Phones Wisely After Learning C．The Power of Rest: Two Free Ways to Better Your Study D．Sleep Secrets: Why Teenagers Need More Rest Than Adults 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了两种免费且有效的学习方法——清醒休息和充足睡眠，并通过科学研究阐述了它们对提升学习记忆效果的重要性。 1．推理判断题。根据“Today, on Education Tips, we’ll talk about two free ways to help you study better: wakeful rest and sleep.…If you want to try wakeful rest, it’s easy. Just sit quietly for 5 to 10 minutes. Don’t look at your phone, read books, or play games. That’s all!”可知，学习之后应进行清醒的休息，只要静坐5到10分钟，不要看手机、看书或玩游戏，因此，可以建议他静躺8分钟，不使用手机或阅读。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“You might think this is strange, but lots of studies show the good things about ‘wakeful rest’”可知，空格前在解释wakeful rest的好处，因此此处应是对其下定义。根据“Today, on Education Tips, we’ll talk about two free ways to help you study better: wakeful rest and sleep.”可知，文章已经区分了wakeful rest和sleep，可见wakeful rest是不睡觉的休息。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) says adults aged 20 to 64 should sleep 6 to 7 hours a day. Teenagers may need a bit more sleep”可知，文中提到20到64岁的人们应该每天睡六七个小时，青少年则需要更多睡眠，C选项“大约8小时”符合语境。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文介绍了两种免费且有效的学习方法——清醒休息和充足睡眠，并通过科学研究阐述了它们对提升学习记忆效果的重要性。选项C“休息的力量：两种提升学习的免费方法”作为标题最为合适。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期末） 1．How many steps should we follow when we summarize? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Seven. 2．What is the first step when you summarize a text? A．Think about the most important ideas. B．Read part of the text. C．Put all the important ideas together. D．Repeat for the next part. 3．Which of the following is a tip for summarizing? A．Don’t use words from the text. B．Change the meaning. C．Read the whole text. D．Use important details. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文介绍了做文章摘要的步骤和一些建议。 【详解】78．细节理解题。通读全文可知，作者介绍了做文章摘要的4个步骤。故选B。 1．细节理解题。根据“①Read part of the text.”可知，第一步是阅读部分文章。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“Tips”的第一项“Use important details.”可知，作者提供的提示有一项是采用文中的重要细节。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 参考答案 主题01 人与自然——人与动物 Passage 1：1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D Passage 2：1．A 2．C 3．D Passage 3：1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 主题02 人与社会——景点/建筑 Passage 1：1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C Passage 2：1．B 2．C 3．C Passage 3：1．B 2．D 3．A 主题03 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1：1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C Passage 2：1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B Passage 3：1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 主题04 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1：1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D Passage 2：1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D Passage 3：1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 主题01 人与社会——叙事忆旧 Passage 1：1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A Passage 2：1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D Passage 3：1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 主题02 人与社会——寓言童话 Passage 1：1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A Passage 2：1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D Passage 3：1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 主题03 人与自我——哲理感悟 Passage 1：1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C Passage 2：1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．D Passage 3：1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然——人与动物 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏常州·期末）On a sunny day at Nanning Garden Expo Park, many people come to see the park’s new stars: six capybaras (水豚). These animals have brown fur, and their small ears look like little wings. Capybaras are from South America, but their cute looks make them popular in China. Chinese fans give them a funny name, Capy. Capybaras often sit quietly with half-closed eyes, giving them a calm and relaxed look. They are friendly to people and other animals. That’s also why lots of people like them. Like many other animals, capybaras communicate with each other too. When they are hungry, they usually make small sounds like “squeak-squeak”. If they are happy, they often make soft sounds. When they make loud sounds, they are telling their friends and family to be careful because there may be danger (危险) nearby. The six capybaras at Nanning Garden Expo Park live in a special area, as they need to spend lots of time in water to stay cool and keep insects away each day. In the area, there is a large pool and many plants. Capybaras can have fun there. Liang, a worker in the park, says, “Our most important job isn’t just to attract more visitors. We really want people to know more about nature and the importance of saving our animal friends.” The park also has science lessons and fun activities to help people learn how to protect animals. 1．Many people love capybaras because of their ________. ①cute looks    ②funny name    ③good character A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．①②③ 2．What does the underlined words “communicate with” mean? A．talk to B．fight with C．depend on D．play with 3．What can we learn from the last (最后的) two paragraphs (段落)? A．Each capybara has its own area in the park. B．The park takes good care of the six capybaras. C．The park wants more visitors than anything else. D．The six capybaras take part in science lessons at the park. 4．What is the best title (标题) for the passage? A．The life of capybaras in China B．A trip to Nanning Garden Expo Park C．Some useful ways of saving capybaras D．Capybaras: new stars in a Chinese park Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期末） Cities are full of tall buildings, factories, and cars. They are very useful places for people to live. However, for animals, living it a city can be very difficult. This is why some animals have changed to survive city life. The peppered moth (花斑蛾), for example, changes its colour to survive in the city. The quality of the air in the city is not quite good. This makes the surface of trees darker. The peppered moth changes to a darker colour to match the trees. In this way, it can hide from other animals. The great tit (山雀) changes its voice to survive in the city. It sings to find a mate. But in the city, it is too noisy for other birds to hear it singing. So the great tit changes its song to a higher pitch (音调). In the forest, the crow drops seeds and nuts from high above to break them on the ground. Then it can get the food inside. However, the city crow has a better idea. It drops its seeds on the street and waits for cars to break them. Then it quickly flies down and picks up its meal. 1．The peppered moth changes colour to match the ________. A．trees B．cars C．people D．air 2．How does the city crow break seeds? A．By breaking them with tools. B．By making other animals do it. C．By dropping them and waiting for cars to do it. D．By dropping and breaking them on the ground. 3．What’s the main idea of this passage? A．The animals in cities change their colours. B．Birds in cities change their singing voices. C．Cities are useful places for animals and people. D．Some animals make changes to survive in cities. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）Scientists at Penn State University used an unusual method to track honey bees. By placing tiny QR codes (代码) on the backs of the bees, the researchers can keep track of when the bees leave and return to their hives. The work will help scientists learn more about how bees collect food and how far they travel. They decided to use simple codes called “AprilTags”. These codes are easy for cameras to track and decode (解码), even when the lighting isn’t good. They are small, and can be glued (粘) onto the back of a bee without causing any harm. By placing a solar-powered camera and a tiny computer above the entrance to a hive, the researchers could track the movements of each tagged bee (贴标签的蜜蜂). They could tell when each bee left the hive and when it returned. They could also record the temperature. The new system gave the researchers a lot of information about the bees’ movements. They found that most trips outside the hive took between one and four minutes. The scientists think these short trips were used for quick jobs like checking the weather or pooping. Most trips, even longer ones, were shorter than 20 minutes. But about 34% of the bees took trips that lasted longer than two hours. The scientists say this could show that the bees were making longer trips to collect food. The researchers noticed that the bees spent more time out collecting when there were fewer flowers around. But some of these “long trips” could also be mistakes, where the camera didn’t catch the bee returning. The scientists were surprised by how long the bees lived. Before the study, scientists thought honey bees lived for about 28 days. But the tagged bees didn’t start collecting food until they were roughly two weeks old. And the researchers discovered that the bees continued to collect food for six weeks after that. Scientists know that bees use a special “waggle dance” to communicate with each other about where to collect food. Now the researchers want to see how their new tracking information matches up with these special movements. They plan to teach beekeepers and other scientists how to use their tracking system. 1．What is the main purpose of the study? A．To discover how bees build their hives. B．To stop bees from getting lost during long trips. C．To teach bees how to communicate using QR codes. D．To track bee movements and learn about their behavior. 2．The researchers use AprilTags to track the bees mainly because ________. A．they last longer than other types of tags B．they help bees communicate with each other C．they are small and easy for cameras to follow D．they cause no harm and can check the weather 3．What is one important finding of the study? A．All bees leave the hive early in the morning. B．Bees fly longer when there are more flowers. C．Bees live longer than scientists once believed. D．Bees don’t stop collecting food until 6 weeks old. 4．What makes this study meaningful? A．It shows how temperature possibly affects bee movements. B．It may help scientists better understand the “waggle dance”. C．It proves that bees are likely to use QR codes to communicate. D．It may help beekeepers earn more money from honey sales. 主题02 人与社会——景点/建筑 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期末）Guanqian Street is one of the most famous shopping areas in Suzhou. Lying in the center of Suzhou’s old town, the street is a place where history and modern life dance together. In the Song Dynasty (960—1279), the street was called “Tianqingguan Street” because of the temple’s (庙) old name. Later, during the Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368), people started calling it “Guanqian Street”. In the 1930s, the street became wider. After 1949, it was rebuilt with asphalt (柏油). In 1982, it became one of China’s earliest walking streets. The biggest changes happened between 1999 and 2003. New shopping malls were built, but the street still kept its historical style. For example, buildings were low and painted in black, white, and grey to match Suzhou’s ancient buildings. Now Guanqian Street has six parts, such as modern shopping areas and traditional snack areas. Today, Guanqian Street never sleeps! You can taste delicious spring rolls, try on traditional silk clothes, or watch artists paint fans. During festivals, the street shines with lanterns and lively music. At night, colourful lights make the street even more beautiful. Now, the street has also become a popular place for visitors with new things like 3D screens and themed (主题) cafes. Guanqian Street is like an ever-changing storybook. It shows how Suzhou loves its past but also welcomes the future. As local people say: “A trip to Suzhou is never perfect without visiting Guanqian Street!” 1．Which of the following is TRUE about Guanqian Street? A．In 1982, it was one of China’s biggest walking streets. B．People could walk on this wider street in the 1930s. C．It was called “Guanqian Street” because of the temple’s old name. D．People started calling it “Tianqingguan Street” in the Yuan Dynasty. 2．________ show that the street kept its historical style. A．Black, white, and grey buildings B．Colourful lights at night C．Modern shopping malls D．3D screens and themed cafes 3．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Guanqian Street is a must-see place in Suzhou. B．Travellers should visit Guanqian Street many times. C．Guanqian Street is the most popular street in Suzhou. D．Travellers should visit as many places as they can in Suzhou. 4．What’s the best title of this passage? A．Shopping Fun on Guanqian Street B．Modern Changes on Guanqian Street C．Guanqian Street: Where Old and New Meet D．Guanqian Street: A New Walking Street Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏镇江·期末） Jiuzhaigou is a beautiful place in Sichuan Province. It has amazing natural scenery (风景). The name “Jiuzhaigou” means nine Tibetan villages. They are in the valleys (山谷) of the area. The most well--known feature of Jiuzhaigou is its crystal-clear (清澈透明的) lakes. These lakes are colourful and the water is very clear. You can easily see fish swimming in it. Another eye-catching part of Jiuzhaigou is its wonderful waterfalls. There are many waterfalls with different shapes and sizes. Some waterfalls are tall and powerful, while others are small and quiet. The sounds of the water falling into the valley can make you feel relaxed. Jiuzhaigou also has many kinds of plants and animals. It is a great place to see rare animals like giant pandas and golden monkeys. You will feel lucky to see them. Visitors to Jiuzhaigou often take a walk along the paths through the forests and valleys. They breathe in the fresh mountain air while looking around at the beautiful scenery. Many people also stop to take photos of the amazing views so that they can remember the scenes forever. If you have time, be sure to visit Jiuzhaigou. You’ll find that every minute you spend in Jiuzhaigou is well worth it. 1．What can we learn about Jiuzhaigou from Paragraph 1? A．How it became famous. B．How it got its name C．What the villages are like. D．What the villagers like doing. 2．What does the underlined word “rare” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．凶猛的 B．庞大的 C．珍稀的 D．敏捷的 3．Why did the writer write the passage? A．To show the best time to visit Jiuzhaigou. B．To tell people what they can do in Jiuzhaigou. C．To introduce (介绍) the beauty of Jiuzhaigou. D．To ask people to protect the plants and animal. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏镇江·期末）Chaka Salt Lake is one of the most amazing places of interest in China. It is about three hundred kilometres away from Xining, the capital of Qinghai Province. Chaka Salt Lake is famous for its unique (独特的) beauty. On a sunny day, the surface of the water looks so clear and perfectly shows the clouds and sky above. This is why people call it “the mirror of the sky” (天空之镜). The lake isn’t deep at all, so people can walk through the water safely. As you step into the lake, it’s like walking in the sky. It is really a natural wonder and a treat for your eyes. This fun and unusual experience makes Chaka Salt Lake a popular place for visitors. There are several ways to tour around Chaka Salt Lake: you can walk along the tourist attractions, take a small train or a boat ride. Along the way, you won’t miss the salt sculptures (雕塑). They are large, all white, and show things like historical figures, animals and natural landscapes. A walk among these sculptures is an enjoyable experience. The beautiful Chaka Salt Lake is a great choice for anyone to look for a quiet moment. 1．Chaka Salt Lake is ________. A．in the capital city of Xining B．about 300 km away from Xining C．between Xining and Qinghai D．in the centre of Qinghai Province 2．Why do people call Chaka Salt Lake “the mirror of the sky”? A．Because the water is deep and blue. B．Because people can have a walk in the sky. C．Because there are many salt sculptures. D．Because it shows clouds and the sky clearly. 3．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．It’s relaxing to visit Chaka Salt Lake. B．It’s strange to see colourful salt sculptures. C．It’s dangerous to walk among the salt sculptures. D．It’s usual to see many people at Chaka Salt Lake every day. 主题03 人与社会——中华文化 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期末） Now that it is summer, how about treating yourself to some ice cream? Many people think ice cream is modern Western food. In fact, it can date from the Tang dynasty (朝代) in China. Back then, it was not called ice cream; it was known as “Su Shan”. “Su Shan” was made from milk, just like cream or butter. It was not only tasty but also healthy. It’s recorded that Nomads (游牧民) from the north introduced it to central China. According to some records, women often made “Su Shan”. They would heat “Su Shan” until it melted (融化) and then carefully pour it onto a plate, shaping it into the form of a mountain. Then they would put it in an icebox. Sometimes, they added sugar on top. They might also decorate the food with some flowers and leaves to make it look more beautiful. Tang poet Wang Lingran described how people enjoyed “Su Shan” in one of his poems. “It isn’t ice or water,” he wrote. “It disappears (消失) as soon as it touches your teeth.” In the picture The Noble Lady, two ladies are holding “Su Shan.” At first, people thought they were holding potted plants (盆栽). When watching closely, they found it was something more like today’s ice cream, with flowers on top. “Su Shan” was a popular dish during the Tang and Song dynasties. However, only rich people and royalty (皇族) could pay for large iceboxes to prepare this summer treat. Luckily, today, we can all enjoy ice cream whenever we want! 1．Why does the writer ask a question in paragraph 1? A．To tell the weather. B．To give a suggestion. C．To introduce the topic. D．To send an invitation. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Su Shan. B．Milk. C．Cream. D．Butter. 3．Which of the following lines may be from Wang Lingran’s poem? A．削成琼叶片，嚼作雪花声。 B．大如苋实白如玉，滑欲流匙香满屋。 C．春馀甘蔗榨为浆，色弄鹅儿浅浅黄。 D．随玉箸而必进，非固非吝；触皓齿而便消，是津是润。 4．What can we learn about “Su Shan” from the article? A．It was tasty but not healthy. B．Men usually made it at home. C．People needed an icebox to make it. D．Every family could enjoy it. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期末）①The Classic of Mountains and Seas is an ancient Chinese book. People wrote it about 2,000 years ago. It has many interesting stories about places and animals. Some places in the book are real, and some are not real. ②The book talks about high mountains and long rivers. It tells about strange animals that no one sees today. One animal is a fox with nine tails. It is very smart and lives for many years. There is also a big dragon that makes rain fall. Some birds are as big as houses! Their wings are so wide they can cover the sun. ③The book also has stories about strong gods and brave people. Some stories tell how the world began. Others explain why things in nature happen. There are tales about special plants that can help sick people get better. ④The book even tells about far places and different groups of people. Long ago, people used this book to learn about the world. It was like their map and nature book. The book helped them understand things they didn’t know about. ⑤This book is very important for Chinese culture. It shows us how people long ago thought about their world. The stories mix real things with imaginary things. They help us see how people explained things they didn’t understand. The stories are fun to read. They take us to a time when magic seemed possible. The book helps us learn about old Chinese ways of thinking. It is like a window to a world full of wonders. 1．How many kinds of strange animals are mentioned (提及) in the second paragraph? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Which of the following is TRUE about the Classic of Mountains and Seas? A．The book is set in an imagined world. B．The book is important for the world’s culture. C．The book is both interesting and useful for people. D．The book helped people learn all about the world. 3．According to the passage, what can people learn from the Classic of Mountains and Seas? a. fantasy          b. nature          c. history       d. medicine A．a B．ab C．abc D．abcd 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期末） Taipingnijiaojiao is a clay toy, but it can be used as a whistle (哨子). It is a traditional toy from Zhenjiang, Jiangsu. It has a history of more than 1,000 years. About 20 years ago, Zhou Baokang first noticed Taipingnijiaojiao during a temple fair (庙会) in Huashan Village, Zhenjiang. He soon became interested in it. He later learned from local artists how to make the toys himself. Now the 60-year-old man is an inheritor (传承人) of the Taipingnijiaojiao art form. Zhou loves to make Taipingnijiaojiao in the shape of animals because there is great space (空间) to create. Without drawing any drafts (草图), you can turn some mud into the thing you want. He makes Taipingnijiaojiao for the Chinese animal sign (生肖) of each year. For example, when he was making tigers, he tried to show the spirit of the king of animals through exaggerated (夸张的) details, like big mouths and sharp teeth. Zhou works hard to pass on his skills. He teaches kids to make the toy at schools. Besides, he opens a folk art museum to show the toy. “Taipingnijiaojiao is a small toy that carries traditional culture. We should pass it down”, Zhou said. 1．What is special about Taipingnijiaojiao? A．It is only made in Zhenjiang. B．It can be both a toy and a whistle. C．It is made of expensive materials. D．It has a history of 100 years. 2．How did Zhou Baokang get interested in Taipingnijiaojiao? A．By watching a video about it. B．By learning from a book. C．By seeing it at a temple fair. D．By meeting an inheritor. 3．Why does Zhou like to make Taipingnijiaojiao in animal shapes better? A．Because animals are easy to make. B．Because he needs to follow the tradition. C．Because it allows more creative ideas. D．Because kids like animal-shaped toys better. 4．What does Zhou do to pass on the Taipingnijiaojiao art? ①He makes toys for kids for nothing. ②He teaches children to make the toy at schools. ③He opens a museum to show the toy. ④He writes books about making the toy. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 主题04 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末） We usually think fish can’t talk. But there are a lot of sounds under the ocean. In fact, scientists believe that all sea animals—at least 250,000 kinds—can “speak”. If we listen carefully when we are underwater, “we can hear animals all around us,” UK scientist Steve Simpson told the BBC. In the past years, scientists used sound recorders (录音机) to hear fish’s “voices”. There are now thousands of recorders in the ocean. They help scientists match sounds with sea life. A healthy coral reef (珊瑚礁) is one of the noisiest places in the ocean. Scientists can tell if it’s healthy by listening to it. A healthy coral reef should be full of clicks (咔嚓声) made by shrimps (小虾). When some coral reefs died in 2015 and 2016, they became quiet. After people set up the protected areas, scientists heard the animals come back. By listening to the ocean, scientists start to understand sea animals’ languages. Strong clownfish make short “chirp” sounds when going after small clownfish. They do this to show they are more powerful (有力量的). A damselfish can create a pop sound to scare other fish by quickly opening and closing its mouth. Mother dolphins can use a special voice to talk to their babies. They are saying “I’m here” to comfort the baby dolphins. Scientists are building an online library called the Global Library of Underwater Biological Sounds (全球水下生物声音库). It will collect sounds from all over the world to check sea animals’ health. Humans need to understand the sounds made by underwater animals before they die out. 1．What do scientists use “recorders” to do? A．To protect coral reefs. B．To talk with fish. C．To collect sounds from sea life. D．To look for new kinds of sea life. 2．Why is the coral reef a noisy place? A．Because many shrimps live there. B．Because people feed animals there. C．Because the coral reef can give out sounds. D．Because many fishes speak in dead coral reefs. 3．How many kinds of “languages” does the writer mention in the fourth paragraph? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．A record of animals’ sounds. B．The health of living things in the sea. C．A new finding about sounds. D．Sounds in the sea. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏南通·期末） Did you know that trees can “talk” with each other? They “talk” not to be helpful, but because they can’t help it, a new study said. It may look like each tree in a forest stands alone on its roots (根). But they’re connected (连接) underground by mycorrhizal networks (菌根网络). These networks are made of very small threads of fungi (真菌丝). Between 80 to 90 per cent of trees are on this “wood-wide web”. Earlier studies show that trees use it to warn others about danger, according to The Conversation. For example, when bugs (虫子) come to eat the leaves of a tree, the tree can send chemical signals (化学信号) through the networks. Other trees then pick up the information and make special juice to keep the bugs away. However, a new study led by the UK’s University of Oxford says something different. After running tests on math models, scientists found that trees do not in fact get anything from being nice. They could protect themselves by lying to plants around them. This is because trees fight for sunlight, water and food all the time. So, it does not make sense for a tree to help others when it is in trouble. So why do they send signals? Scientists think there may be two reasons. First, trees can’t help sending information, just like we sometimes can’t stop our faces from turning red. Second, the fungi may be the ones spreading the signals because they need plants to live. 1．How are most trees connected underground? A．Using water in the soil. B．By very small threads of fungi. C．Through small roots of plants. D．With chemical clouds above ground. 2．Why do trees send signals about bugs according to earlier studies? A．To ask animals to send help. B．To make others run away from the area. C．To tell nearby trees to make special juice. D．To welcome bugs to help plants produce seeds. 3．Which order shows how trees keep themselves safe from bugs? ①Make special juice    ②Get chemical signals    ③Bugs eat leaves    ④Fungi spread information A．③→④→②→① B．③→②→④→① C．③→②→①→④ D．②→③→①→④ 4．What does the article mainly tell us about trees? A．Where fungi learn to send information. B．Why trees fight humans for food. C．When forests become dangerous places. D．How trees “talk” in surprising ways. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Are you planning to take your pet on a long trip? On April 8, China Railway Express said that pet owners can now bring their cats or dogs on the same train. To use this service (服务), pet owners must book tickets at least two days before their trip through the 12306 app. The pet must be a healthy cat or dog. And it must weigh less than 15 kilograms. What’s more, it must be no taller than 40 centimeters at the shoulder. An animal quarantine certificate (动物检疫证书) is also needed. During the journey, pets are kept in special containers in a separate part of the train, and a railway worker will give water to them. This service is offered on 10 train routes. The company said that this service meets the increasing need for pet-friendly travel. The 2025 China Pet Industry White Paper shows that 18.7 percent of pet owners spent money on pet travel in 2024, a 4.9 percent increase from 2023. Many pet owners welcome the service. Wang Shanshan, 27, is one of them. Three years ago, when moving from Wuhan to Beijing, Wang traveled by car with her cat because pets are not allowed on planes and trains. “If such a pet-friendly train service were offered at that time,” she said, “it would have been much faster.” But there are still some worries. Qin Peixuan, 24, worries about air quality in the closed cabinet (封闭的柜子). She also said that keeping different animals together might not be a good idea. For example, a dog’s barking may make cats feel afraid. While the service still needs to be improved, it shows a change towards more user-friendly railways. In the future, we may see more services like this to help meet the increasing need in the market. Railways will become a bigger part of daily life, not just a way to travel. 1．How does the writer start the article to lead in her topic? A．By asking a question. B．By giving an example. C．By listing numbers. D．By introducing a study. 2．To use the pet-friendly train service, how many rules should we follow? A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5. 3．Why does the writer give Wang Shanshan’s example? A．To show that this pet-friendly train service comes too late. B．To show that people don’t like this pet-friendly train service. C．To show that pet lovers quite like this pet-friendly train service. D．To show that people also have some worries about this service. 4．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A．Qin Peixuan isn’t happy with this service at all. B．This pet-friendly train service isn’t worth taking. C．Qin Peixuan will take her pet on a trip by train in the near future. D．People will see more user-friendly services on railways in the future. 主题01 人与自然——航天与航空 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）With the rapid development of technology, China’s aerospace industry (航空航天工业) has achieved remarkable achievements that have gained worldwide attention. The Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft was launched (发射) on October 30th,2024. Song Lingdong was one of the astronauts on this mission (任务)。 Born into a farmer’s family in Caoxian, Shandong Province, Song was recruited (招募) by the People’s Liberation Army Air Force (中国人民解放军空军) in 2008 and was sent to learn flying. In the first months at the Air Force’s flight school, Song had bad scores on his tests because of longtime malnutrition (营养不良). He also went through a hard time flying in the training machine because of air sickness (晕机)。 Knowing clearly about his weaknesses, Song decided to deal with them through hard work and strict training. He soon became the only student in his class who always appeared on the exercise field and often asked the trainers to double the amount of his training. Thanks to his hard work, he received the top score in his solo flight examination and was praised for his excellent performance. Song Lingdong said that, when he was just 13, he watched a TV news report about China’s first spaceflight. ▲ In September 2020, he was chosen as one of the third group of astronaut and began his-training in Beijing. Later, Song found he was troubled by his character-being impatient. He soon realized that what a successful astronaut really needed was calmness and team spirit. He learned to slow down and even started going fishing to improve his patience. Now, with the launch of Shenzhou-19, his dream has come true. 1．What’s the purpose of writing Paragraph 1? A．To tell a story. B．To tell the differences. C．To introduce the background. D．To introduce China’s aerospace industry. 2．What does the underlined word “weaknesses” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．担心 B．弱点 C．胆怯 D．冷静 3．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in paragraph 5? A．That made him want to fly into space. B．He wanted to be a successful astronaut. C．That made him very interested in learning. D．He thought the news report was very true. 4．Which of the following can best describe Song’s experience? A．长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。 B．黑发不知勤学早，白首方悔读书迟。 C．读书不觉已春深，一寸光阴一寸金。 D．江东子弟多才俊，卷土重来未可知。 Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）For centuries, humans have looked up at the night sky and wondered: Are we alone in the universe? Today, thanks to technology, scientists are closer than ever to finding the answer. Space telescopes (太空望远镜) like the James Webb Space Telescope allow scientists to see planets far beyond our solar system. These planets, called exoplanets, may have the right conditions for life. Some exoplanets have water, mild temperatures, and even atmospheres (大气层) similar to Earth’s. James Webb can also study the gases in these planets’ atmospheres, helping scientists find facts about possible living conditions. Scientists are very excited about these discoveries because where there is water, there could be life. Robotic spacecraft (太空船) also help explore places that humans cannot yet reach. Rovers like Perseverance on Mars are searching for signs of ancient life. They collect some soil and rock and send data back to Earth. In the future, NASA plans to bring some of these samples back around 2028, allowing scientists to study them more closely on Earth. But space adventure is not just about looking for life. Scientists also dream of humans living on other planets. Mars is the most popular choice. A day on Mars is about 24.6 hours, almost the same as on Earth, but the temperature is much lower. Researchers are studying how people could survive there by growing food, building houses, and protecting themselves from radiation (辐射). Scientists have already started experiments on growing plants, like potatoes, in soil that is similar to soil on Mars. Of course, space travel has many challenges. Traveling to Mars could take six to nine months and the environment isn’t very easy to live in. Scientists are working hard to solve these problems—designing better spacecraft, developing stronger space suits, and finding ways to make life safer and easier in space. The dream of living beyond Earth may seem far away, but every discovery brings us one step closer. One day, humans might not just visit Mars or other planets, they might call them home. Maybe the young people of today will be the first explorers to live among the stars. 1．What makes scientists excited about the discovery of certain exoplanets? A．They have atmospheres similar to Earth’s. B．They contain water, which can support life. C．They are located far from our solar system. D．They can be seen through space telescopes. 2．What does the word “samples” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Soil and rock collected on Mars. B．Photos of Mars taken by spacecraft. C．Signs of ancient life found on Mars. D．Data taken by spacecraft about Mars. 3．What can we learn about planet exploration? A．Growing plants in Mars-like soil has been fully successful. B．Soil on Mars may be brought to Earth by the end of next year. C．Today’s young people may be the first people to live on Mars. D．Scientists have already found out whether we are alone in space. 4．Where can we possibly read this passage? A．In a science magazine. B．In a science fiction storybook. C．In a space adventure novel. D．In a travel guide to Mars. Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）①On the morning of April 30,2025, Shenzhou-19 came back to Earth safely. It landed at the Dongfeng Landing Site in Inner Mongolia (内蒙古). The three astronauts-Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and Wang Haoze were back home after they stayed at Tiangong Space Station for six months. Their safe return showed that China is really good at space technology (技术). ②During their six-month stay, the astronauts were quite busy. They did 86 scientific experiments (实验). These experiments were about space life science, micro gravity physics, and space material science. The knowledge from the experiments will help us understand space better. ③The astronauts also took spacewalks. They put up special devices (装置) to protect the space station from space debris (碎片). These spacewalks were important to keep the space station safe. ④This mission (任务) was China’s 14th manned space flight. Shenzhou -19 set a new record for the heaviest load(最重负载) carried by a Shenzhou spacecraft. It shows that China is making great progress in space exploration (探索). 1．When did Shenzhou-19 return to Earth? A．On April 30, 2025. B．On October 30, 2024. C．On April 30, 2024. D．On October 30, 2025. 2．What did the astronauts NOT do during their mission? A．Conduct 86 scientific experiments. B．Take spacewalks. C．Build a new space station. D．Install special devices. 3．What does “It” refer to (指的是) in the last paragraph? A．Tiangong Space Station B．The heaviest load record C．The safe return D．The scientific experiment 4．How is this passage organized? A． B． C． D． 主题02 人与自我——意见/建议 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏泰州·期末）No matter whether you like it or not, social media (社交媒体) is becoming a big part of many teenagers’ lives. The Internet is popular among young people in China. A survey shows that over 90 per cent of all Chinese minors (未成年人) use the Internet and 50 per cent of these young people have made new friends online. Social media allows people to connect with friends, share experiences, and stay on trend (紧跟潮流) . However, the Internet also has risks. It is important to stay safe while having fun online. Here are some simple tips. First, if you have accounts on different apps, make sure you use strong passwords (密码) . Avoid using easy- to- guess information, like your birthday or your pet’s name. Second, be careful when you talk to strangers online. Not every person online is friendly or telling the truth about themselves. Don’t share personal details, like your address, school name, or phone number. Third, if you want to post anything online, think it over. Once it is out there, it is hard to know who sees it. Don’t talk about things you may regret (后悔). Lastly, keep your own social media information safe so only real friends can see your posts and information. Follow the tips above and you can stay safe on social media and the Internet. Be careful with the risks and protect yourself. 1．According to the survey, about how many Chinese minors use the Internet? A．50%. B．70%. C．90%. D．100%. 2．Which of the following is the best example of a strong password according to the passage? A．password123. B．20250625. C．hellokitty. D．T#6mV?2025. 3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a way to stay safe online? A．Using strong passwords that are hard to guess. B．Being careful when talking to online strangers. C．Sharing your home address with close online friends. D．Thinking carefully before posting anything online. 4．Why should you “think it over” before you post something online? A．Because your parents will see it. B．Because it is hard to control who sees it later. C．Because it uses too much Internet data. D．Because strangers might not like it. 5．What is the main purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To tell teenagers to stop using social media. B．To show how popular the Internet is in China. C．To give teenagers advice on staying safe online. D．To explain why people make friends online. Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏南京·期末）China is making efforts to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. The government has started a three-year “Weight Management Year” program from 2024 to 2027 to fight against obesity, which can lead to serious health illnesses. Here’s what you should know about the latest instructions. Firstly, it is necessary to check your BMI (Body Mass Index). For adults, a healthy BMI is from 18.5 to 24. If your BMI is between 24 and 28, you are overweight; a BMI of 28 or higher is considered as obesity. Moreover, you need to know the size of your waist: men should keep it under 90 cm, and women under 85 cm. Eating right is important, and exercise matters just as much! When it comes to diet, choose whole grains like brown rice, fresh vegetables, and high-protein foods such as fish, chicken, or beans. Keep away from fried foods and high-sugar snacks, and also reduce your salt and oil intake. To our surprise, the instructions even include some local dishes—like the “strewed fish” from Northeast China or the “noodles with pepper oil” from the Northwest. When it comes to exercise, you are advised to do sports like walking, cycling or dancing for 150-300 minutes each week, plus strength exercises twice a week. If you find yourself sitting for a few hours while studying, make sure to stand up and stretch for 3-5 minutes every hour. In addition to diet and exercise, small daily habits can also help. Teens should get 7 hours of sleep nightly, as poor sleep can increase weight, too. Try eating vegetables first, then meat, and finally rice or bread during meals to control the amount of food. Schools and hospitals are also giving a helping hand. For example, schools across the country are encouraged to provide at least a P. E. class a day. Hospitals have set up special “weight management clinics”, where doctors provide personalized diet and exercise plans. By 2030, China hopes to slow down the growth of obesity through education and support. Remember, losing weight isn’t about going for perfection—only start with small changes, like drinking water instead of other drinks or taking the stairs instead of the elevator. With these small steps, everyone can build a healthier future! * The word “obesity” means a condition of being too fat. ** The word “waist” means the middle part of the human body. 1．What can we infer from the text about the relationship between sleep and weight? A．Longer sleep always leads to weight loss. B．Sleep has nothing to do with weight. C．Adults need less sleep than teens to control their weight. D．Enough sleep helps teens keep a healthy weight. 2．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 3．What is the best title for this passage? A．The Importance of Eating Right B．Disadvantages of Obesity C．Chinese Healthy Lifestyle D．China’s Weight Management Instructions Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏泰州·期末） Do you ever listen to people talking on the radio? Do you think how much fun it must be? There are ways to start your own radio show and have your voice heard. Taking part in a radio show helps you work as part of a team. It’s interesting for you to speak in a radio show while people in your area are listening. If you start your own radio station at your school, you’ll learn how to use the tools and make the programmes (节目) with your friends. Learning to speak on the radio can help practise your skills and make you express yourself better, or you may like sitting behind the scenes and writing reports and stories. Lots of small radio stations today are online and people can choose any of them without stepping out of their home. A company, called Radio.co, can get you started right now, and you can get a helper. It may cost you some money, but not much. You might also choose a small community radio station near you. Community stations often talk about stories and events close to you. Vick Hope and Roman Kemp, the hosts of Capital FM’s breakfast show, are now writing a book about how to start a radio show. “There are so many types of radio shows. I often give young people advice on starting one—the key is ‘just do it’!” Hope says, “Also, listen to what is happening around you and see if you can make a different type of show.” Kemp adds, “Don’t worry too much if you have no idea about technology (技术), just practise and even use things like a phone or tablet to start.” 1．Why does the writer use two questions at the beginning of paragraph 1? A．To introduce the interesting radio shows. B．To get answers from the last paragraph. C．To make readers interested in radio shows. D．To ask readers to listen to a radio show. 2．What does starting a radio show help you do according to the first two paragraphs? ①save more money        ②enjoy the fun of having local listeners ③learn about teamwork        ④get more experience in radio shows A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．What is the feature of many small radio stations today? A．They offer help and tools to people for free. B．They are online and people can work at home. C．They work for large companies like Radio.co. D．They focus largely on international news and events. 4．What advice do both Vick Hope and Roman Kemp give young people? A．Read the book by both of them. B．Listen to their voices to help people. C．Buy a phone or a tablet for a show. D．Just start simply and try to practise. 5．What is the main idea of this article? A．A personal story of a famous radio show. B．Tips for readers on how to start a radio show. C．An introduction to the history of a radio show. D．A piece of news about a popular radio show. 主题03 人与自我——方法/策略 Passage 1 （24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期末）What part of nature do you like best? Is it the sea, the mountains, or your own backyard? You can learn how to draw landscapes as you enjoy the beauty of the outdoors. When you draw a scene, you can remember that moment forever. Art stores are filled with wonderful tools for artists. There are special pencils, pens, colored pens, and several types of artists’ paints. Sometimes it is better for beginners to start just with a pencil. You can make a lot of mistakes (失误). You can erase pencil and start again. Drawing landscapes gets easier with practice. This book will give you some tips on how to get started. When you start out to draw a landscape, you may feel that it’s quite difficult. It may seem that the mountains, rivers, and trees you draw all look the same. In fact, the artist can use skills to design a picture. Think about taking photos with a camera. By moving the camera a little, you can change what goes into your picture. Drawing a landscape is similar to this. One thing you have to think about before start is where to put the horizon (地平线). The horizon is the line where the earth meets the sky. If the horizon is at a very low part of the picture, the picture will seem very near. If it is close to the top, the picture will seem far away. Part 1 Getting Started Try to draw your picture in geometric (几何) shapes first. The mountains are shaped like cones. Sketch (速写) the cones with your pencil. Make your lines very light. In front of the mountains are some foothills. The tops of the foothills are round. Next, sketch your tree. It will be a cylinder. Lightly draw a circle (圆) around the area where the leaves will be. 1．Who may be the readers of the book? A．Camping lovers. B．World-famous artists. C．Beginners in painting. D．Students learning Maths. 2．What may the picture be like when the horizon is at the low part? A．It gives you more space to make mistakes. B．It makes you feel very close to the picture. C．It changes the size of the paper you draw on. D．It allows you to put more details in the picture. 3．Which geometric shape can we use to sketch the mountains? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 （24-25七年级下·江苏南通·期末）What you do after studying is very important. It can decide how well you learn and remember things. Today, on Education Tips, we’ll talk about two free ways to help you study better: wakeful rest and sleep. Many students like to do other things right after studying. Some check their phones or use computers. Others play video games or watch TV. But studies show that having a rest after studying can help you remember what you’ve learned. The idea is this: by stopping your activity after the study, your brain (大脑) gets a chance to rest. It’s hard for your brain to rest when you’re playing computer games. You might think this is strange, but lots of studies show the good things about “wakeful rest”—________. In 2019, a study found that both young people and older people could remember what they learned better after doing wakeful rest. If you want to try wakeful rest, it’s easy. Just sit quietly for 5 to 10 minutes. Don’t look at your phone, read books, or play games. That’s all! Sleep is also very important for learning. The Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School says sleep helps us learn in two ways. Their website says, “If you don’t get enough sleep, you can’t focus on something well, so you can’t learn well.” And sleep helps us remember things, and remembering is key when learning new things. The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) says adults aged 20 to 64 should sleep 6 to 7 hours a day. Teenagers may need a bit more sleep, and people over 65 may need a bit less. So, try some wakeful rest after studying. Then, get a good night’s sleep. These are simple and free ways to help you remember what you learn. 1．Your friend is preparing for the exam. What will you advise him to do after studying? A．Open your phone and chat with friends on WeChat for a while. B．Start to play your favourite video game for 30 minutes to relax. C．Start to prepare for another subject’s study as quickly as you can. D．Lie down quietly for 8 minutes without using the phone or reading. 2．Which sentence can be put in the ________? A．it means taking a break without any sleep B．you should play games to relax your brain C．you’d better go on with study after having a rest D．that’s resting after learning while you’ re still awake 3．How long should teenagers sleep each day according to NSF? A．Less than 6 hours. B．Just 7 hours. C．Around 8 hours. D．No more than 7 hours. 4．Which may be the best title for the passage? A．Education Today: The Importance of Wakeful Rest B．Study Tips: How to Use Phones Wisely After Learning C．The Power of Rest: Two Free Ways to Better Your Study D．Sleep Secrets: Why Teenagers Need More Rest Than Adults Passage 3 （24-25七年级下·江苏苏州·期末） 1．How many steps should we follow when we summarize? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Seven. 2．What is the first step when you summarize a text? A．Think about the most important ideas. B．Read part of the text. C．Put all the important ideas together. D．Repeat for the next part. 3．Which of the following is a tip for summarizing? A．Don’t use words from the text. B．Change the meaning. C．Read the whole text. D．Use important details. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $