专题07 阅读还原（期末真题汇编，江苏专用）八年级英语下学期

**基本信息** 该试卷为初中英语八年级下期末阅读还原专题汇编，精选江苏多地期末真题，涵盖志愿服务、环境保护、传统工艺等贴近学生生活的真实主题，注重语言能力与思维品质的综合考查。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读还原|15篇（每篇5空）|语言能力（上下文逻辑衔接）、文化意识（绒花制作、油纸伞等传统工艺）、思维品质（推理判断）|情境真实（如Elaina志愿服务故事），问题层次分明（2-3项多余选项），汇编江苏镇江、扬州等地期末真题，适配八年级下学期教学目标|

专题07 阅读还原 参考答案 主题01 人与社会——志愿服务 Passage 1：1．F 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．E Passage 2：1．A 2．F 3．B 4．E 5．D Passage 3：1．A 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．B 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1：1．B 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．G Passage 2：1．E 2．F 3．D 4．A 5．C Passage 3：1．E 2．F 3．C 4．D 5．G 主题03 人与社会——传统工艺 Passage 1：1．D 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．C Passage 2：1．A 2．F 3．B 4．E 5．C Passage 3：1．E 2．G 3．C 4．F 5．A 主题04 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1：1．C 2．E 3．B 4．G 5．F Passage 2：1．C 2．B 3．E 4．F 5．A Passage 3：1．C 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．G 主题01 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1：1．F 2．B 3．D 4．E 5．A Passage 2：1．G 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A Passage 3：1．E 2．C 3．D 4．F 5．A 主题02 人与自我——方法/策略 Passage 1：1．E 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．F Passage 2：1．B 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．E Passage 3：1．C 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．F 主题03 人与自我——意见/建议 Passage 1：1．B 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．G Passage 2：1．G 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A Passage 3：1．C 2．G 3．F 4．D 5．A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读还原 主题01 人与社会——志愿服务 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江市区·期末)阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 When Elaina was 7, she came up with a plan to feed hundreds of people. “She wanted to make lunches for homeless people,” her grandmother Lund said. Each bag held a peanut sandwich, a piece of fruit, a drink, chips, and a granola bar (燕麦棒). Lund said, “ 1 ” The idea of helping others comes naturally to the young girl in Colorado. “I saw that there were a lot of people that needed food there,” Elaina said. “At that time, I didn’t understand why. 2 ” When people are hungry, it can be hard for them to focus on study or work. 3 Over time, not having enough to eat can harm a person’s physical and mental health. In Colorado, around 11% of people say they don’t always eat as much as they think they should. They say they don’t have money to buy enough food. 4 “Hunger affects (影响) people in every single community nationwide,” Levy says. He’s the director of a hunger-relief group based in Elaina’s hometown. 5 That’s when she and her grandmother went to the group to collect food and supplies to help people in need. “I feel proud,” Elaina says, when asked about her work. “No matter how young, old, short or tall you’re, you can always do something to make a difference,” she says. A．Hunger can make them feel tired or not active. B．Hunger can make them lose weight. C．Of course, hunger is not a problem only in Colorado. D．Helping others makes the young girl feel excited. E．Levy has known Elaina since 2021. F．We went to the center of the town and Elaina handed all 400 of them out. G．But as soon as I could help, I wanted to help. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文讲述了7岁女孩Elaina在科罗拉多州发起“为无家可归者制作午餐”的公益行动。 1．根据“Each bag held a peanut sandwich, a piece of fruit, a drink, chips, and a granola bar”以及“The idea of helping others comes naturally to the young girl in Colorado”可知此处应该描述Elaina分发午餐的情景，选项F“我们去了市中心，Elaina把所有400份都分发了出去”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“At that time, I didn’t understand why”可知Elaina回忆当时不理解饥饿原因，但希望提供帮助，选项G“但只要我能帮忙，我就想帮忙”符合语境。故选G。 3．根据“Over time, not having enough to eat can harm a person’s physical and mental health.”可知此处介绍饥饿对人们的不好影响，选项A“饥饿会让他们感到疲倦或不活跃”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“In Colorado, around 11% of people say they don’t always eat as much as they think they should. They say they don’t have money to buy enough food”可知此处描述人们面临的食物短缺问题，选项C“当然，饥饿不仅仅是科罗拉多州的问题”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“That’s when she and her grandmother went to the group to collect food and supplies to help people in need”可知此处介绍了她和她的祖母去小组收集食物和物资，帮助有需要的人的时间，选项E“Levy从2021年就认识Elaina了”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州仪征市·期末)根据短文内容，从所给选项中选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项。（有一项多余） Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operation Smile? We hope we can help you understand how we are trying to help children all over the world. 1 In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to the Philippines to help children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths. It was very difficult for them to eat and drink. These volunteers worked very hard. But they worried that they could not carry on with the work because they need money. 2 They called it Operation Smile. Operation Smile works in more than twenty developing countries and has cured over 300,000 children who have problems with their mouths. Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999, it even started a special event called “The Journey of Hope”. 3 On the other hand, Operation Smile trains local doctors and nurses in developing countries. 4 As to the children with much more serious problems, they will send them to the USA for further treatment. So show your kindness and generosity to the needy children now. 5 Many thanks from the children who can smile now will come to you. A．Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife. B．5,000 children in 18 countries were cured during the event. C．More young people will have a big smile if they want to do it. D．You can send your donation to Operation Smile at local banks. E．So they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. F．Then they decided to start a charity so that they could help these needy children. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．B 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个著名的慈善机构“微笑行动”，并详细介绍了它是如何帮助全球有困难的孩子的。 1．根据“In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to the Philippines to help children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths.”及“They called it Operation Smile.”可知上文应是介绍了这个慈善机构的创立的相关信息。选项A“‘微笑行动’是由一位医生和他的妻子发起的。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“But they worried that they could not carry on with the work because they need money.”及“They called it Operation Smile.”可知此处应是他们为解决资金问题和帮助孩子们采取的行动。选项F“然后他们决定成立一个慈善机构，这样他们就可以帮助这些需要帮助的孩子。”故选F。 3．根据“Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999, it even started a special event called ‘The Journey of Hope’.”可知此处是讲这项活动的内容，选项B“在活动期间，18个国家的5000名儿童得到了治愈。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“On the other hand, Operation Smile trains local doctors and nurses in developing countries.”可知训练当地医生和护士是为了让他们继续帮助儿童，选项E“这样当‘微笑行动’离开后，他们可以继续帮助孩子们。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“So show your kindness and generosity to the needy children now.”可知是在号召大家捐款来帮助那些需要帮助的孩子，由此可推断出是把钱捐到“微笑行动”银行账户。选项D“你可以把你的捐款送到当地银行的‘微笑行动’。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江丹阳市·期末)阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 In a world where many people are fighting with challenges, charity has become more necessary than ever. 1 It gives us a chance to care about their feelings and take action to support them. Charity helps solve problems. Some charities offer food to hungry families. Some build schools in poor areas. 2 For example, after earthquakes or floods, charity groups often arrive first to save lives. Never worry that your actions are too small to matter. Small actions can lead to big differences. A simple act like giving directions for a lost tourist, is part of building a caring world. 3 Anyone can join charity work, no matter his age, job, or social role. Students might collect books for children, and teachers can give free lessons. Even young kids can join by drawing cards for sick people in hospitals. Their smiles show that charity is joyful for helpers too! 4 When people work closely with each other, they may feel a sense of belonging (归属感). Let’s take cleaning a park with others as an example. People not only make a tidier and cleaner environment for visitors, but also get the chance to feel like a family. Last year, my school raised $500 for a children’s hospital by selling handmade crafts. We learned teamwork and kindness at the same time! Charity also makes us better people. 5 Helping others allows us to better understand their difficulties and build our own patience. Let’s start today. Share your lunch with a friend, help an elderly neighbour, or donate old clothes. Remember that kindness grows when we pass it on. A．Charity means helping people in need. B．It builds up our personalities and values. C．It’s not only the powerful who can do charity. D．Giving directions for a foreigner is not an easy task. E．Others are especially helpful to people facing natural disasters. F．Charity helps people build friendship and brings people closer. G．Natural disasters leave millions of people homeless and hungry. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了慈善行为在当今世界的重要性及其对个人和社会的积极影响。 【详解】1．根据后文“It gives us a chance to care about their feelings and take action to support them.”可知，这里的“it”应指慈善的含义，选项A“慈善意味着帮助有需要的人”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据前文“Some charities offer food to hungry families. Some build schools in poor areas.”和“For example, after earthquakes or floods, charity groups often arrive first to save lives.”可知，前文提到慈善解决不同问题（如提供食物、建学校），空处补充自然灾害中的援助，与后文地震、洪水的例子直接呼应，选项E“其他对面临自然灾害的人特别有帮助”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据后文“Anyone can join charity work, no matter his age, job, or social role.”可知，后文强调“任何人（学生、老师、小孩）都能参与慈善”，选项C“不是只有有影响力的人能做慈善”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据后文“When people work closely with each other, they may feel a sense of belonging.”可知，后文描述共同清洁公园、学校筹款等体现归属感和团队合作的例子，选项F“慈善帮助人们建立友谊并让人们更亲近 ”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据前文“Charity also makes us better people.”和“Helping others allows us to better understand their difficulties and build our own patience.”可知，后文提到“帮助他人让我们更理解困难、培养耐心”，选项B“它塑造我们的性格和价值观”符合语境。故选B。 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁经济开发区·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Nowadays, it is popular to choose green travel and help protect the Earth. If you also want to try greener ways to travel, the following ideas may help. 1 This is the greenest way! It needs no gas, makes no bad air, and is healthy. For short trips to school, the store, or a friend’s house, walking is great. 2 It is just as green as walking. It’s faster and lets you go farther. Many cities now have bike lanes, making cycling safer and easier. 3 Buses and trains can carry many people together. This means fewer cars on the road and less pollution. Choosing public transport really helps. 4 You can try to share a ride with others going to the same place (carpool). This puts fewer cars on the road. Or, choose an electric car—they make much less pollution than gas cars. 5 Before going out, ask yourself, “Do I really need to go?”, “Can you do several things in one trip?” Remember, every time you choose a greener way to travel, you help the Earth! Small choices make a big difference. A．Riding a bike is another excellent green choice. B．Walking is the simplest and oldest way to travel. C．Taking a taxi is quick when you’re in a hurry. D．When you must drive, try carpooling or a cleaner car (like an electric car). E．Flying is convenient for very long trips. F．Use buses, trains, and other public transport more often. G．Plan trips ahead and avoid unnecessary travel. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何选择绿色出行方式来保护地球。 【详解】1．根据“This is the greenest way! It needs no gas, makes no bad air, and is healthy. For short trips to school, the store, or a friend’s house, walking is great.”可知，此处主要涉及的是走路这一环保的出行方式。选项B“步行是最简单也是最古老的旅行方式。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“It is just as green as walking. It’s faster and lets you go farther. Many cities now have bike lanes, making cycling safer and easier.”可知，此处主要是讲骑自行车也是环保的方式。选项A“骑自行车是另一个极好的绿色选择。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Buses and trains can carry many people together. This means fewer cars on the road and less pollution. Choosing public transport really helps.”可知， 此处主要讲的是公共交通也是环保的出行方式。选项F“多使用公共汽车、火车和其他公共交通工具。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据“You can try to share a ride with others going to the same place (carpool). This puts fewer cars on the road. Or, choose an electric car -they make much less pollution than gas cars.”可知，此次主要涉及如何驾车出行来实现绿色出行。选项D“一定要开车的时候，试试拼车或者更干净的车（比如电动车）。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“Before going out, ask yourself, ‘Do I really need to go?’, ‘Can you do several things in one trip?’”可知，此处主要讲的是在旅行之前需要计划一下。选项G“提前计划行程，避免不必要的旅行。”符合语境。故选G。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通通州市·期末)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Earth Day, which falls on April 22, is a day to call on more people to protect the natural world. Last year’s theme “Planet (行星) vs. Plastics” is especially important because plastic is harming our environment in many ways. Plastic doesn’t break down easily. 1 To fight against plastic pollution, we all need to do something. Governments can make rules to limit the use of plastic and encourage people to recycle. Businesses should find ways to use less plastic or use recycled plastic instead. International cooperation (合作) is of great importance, as many environmental problems need worldwide support. 2 Schools can help, too. 3 By taking part in activities like zero-waste events at school, we are more likely to make proper choices in our daily lives. We can also share what we know with our friends and families. 4 We are advised to use reusable shopping bags and glass bottles instead of plastic ones. It’s a good idea to try to buy something without a lot of plastic packaging (包装). Even small changes in our daily habits can be helpful. Earth Day is a perfect chance to have our voice heard. 5 Let’s work together towards a greener world. A．We students can make a difference. B．This simple habit can reduce plastic waste. C．Remember that every little bit helps to protect the earth for the future. D．They can teach students the harm of plastic pollution and lead them to take action. E．This means it can stay in the environment for a very long time, hurting animals and plants. F．By working together,countries can share knowledge and resources to make a better world. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文以4月22日地球日为背景，围绕去年“行星对抗塑料”的主题展开，指出塑料不易分解、对环境危害极大的问题，随后从政府/国际合作、学校、学生三个层面，分别提出对抗塑料污染的具体行动建议，最后以地球日为契机发出呼吁：每个人的点滴行动都能保护地球，呼吁大家携手共建更绿色的世界，强调了环保需要全社会共同参与的核心观点。 【详解】1．根据“Plastic doesn’t break down easily”可知，前句说“塑料不易分解”，选项E“这意味着它会在环境中留存很长时间，危害动植物。”承接前文，解释“不易分解”的直接后果——在环境中留存很久、伤害动植物，是因果顺承逻辑，完美衔接塑料的危害，为后文“对抗塑料污染”做铺垫，符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“International cooperation is of great importance, as many environmental problems need worldwide support.”可知，前句核心是“国际合作很重要，环境问题需要全球支持”，选项F“通过携手合作，各国可以共享知识和资源，共建更美好的世界。”呼应“国际合作”，具体说明国家间合作的意义——共享知识和资源、打造更美好的世界，是观点+具体阐释的逻辑，聚焦“政府/国际层面的行动”，符合语境。故选F。 3．根据“Schools can help, too.”可知，前句提出“学校也能出一份力”，选项D“它们可以教学生认识塑料污染的危害，并引导他们采取行动。”具体说明学校的做法——教学生塑料污染的危害、引导学生采取行动，是总述+分述的逻辑，衔接“学校层面的行动”，符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“Governments can make rules to limit the use of plastic and encourage people to recycle…Businesses should find ways to use less plastic or use recycled plastic instead.International cooperation is of great importance…Schools can help, too…”可知，前文依次讲了政府/国际、学校的行动，选项A“我们学生也能发挥作用。”开启学生层面的行动，总起学生的价值，后句紧接着讲学生参与校园零废弃活动、分享环保知识的具体做法，是总起+具体行动的逻辑，实现主体的自然过渡，符合语境。故选A。 5．根据“Earth Day is a perfect chance to have our voice heard.”可知，地球日是让我们的声音被听到的绝佳机会，选项C“记住，每一点微小的行动都能助力守护未来的地球。”发出呼吁，强调“点滴行动都能保护地球”,衔接自然且升华主题，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏苏州高新区·期末)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A carbon footprint (碳足迹) is the total number of greenhouse gases (温室气体) that are produced by our actions. A person’s carbon footprint in the United States is 16 tons, one of the highest in the world. To avoid a 2℃ rise in earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050. 1 So here are some simple steps we can take to help. Look at what you’re eating Eating more vegetables and fruits and less meat is surely good for our environment. 2 Eating less meat can reduce your carbon footprint by up to 500 kilograms of CO2 per year. Save energy at home Much of the home energy are powered by coal, oil and gas. Try to use less energy by washing your clothes with cold water. 3 For example, you can put in solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun for your home. Walk, bike or take public transport The world’s roadways are full of traffic, and most of them are polluting the air. Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gas. 4 For longer trips, choosing public transport will be better. Reduce, reuse and recycle Buying things that are well made can go a long way to reducing the number of waste one produces. 5 Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it. A．Another terrible fact is that much food is wasted. B．It will also do harm to your health and fitness. C．Choose to use energy from the sun and wind if possible. D．If you really need a car, why not choose an electric (用电的) one? E．It’s not easy to lower the carbon footprints from 16 tons to 2 tons. F．This is because producing foods made from plants needs less energy. G．If you don’t want something anymore, give it away or try to reuse it. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．C 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何减少碳足迹。 【详解】1．根据“To avoid a 2℃ rise in earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050.”以及“So here are some simple steps we can take to help.”结合备选选项可知，此处应说明减少碳足迹并非容易的，因此E项“将碳足迹从16吨降低到2吨并不容易。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“Eating more vegetables and fruits and less meat is surely good for our environment.”结合备选选项可知，多吃蔬菜少吃肉对环境有好处，接下来应介绍其原因，因此F项“这是因为用植物制造食物需要更少的能量。”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据“For example, you can put in solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun for your home.”结合备选选项可知，此处应介绍使用太阳能，因此C项“如果可能的话，选择使用太阳能和风能。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gas.”结合备选选项可知，此处应介绍交通工具相关的内容，因此D项“如果你真的需要一辆车，为什么不选择一辆电动的呢？”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it.”结合备选选项可知，此处应介绍重复利用，因此G项“如果你不想要什么东西了，就把它送人或者试着重新利用它。”符合语境。故选G。 主题03 人与社会——传统工艺 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通通州区·期末)阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余选项。 Velvet flowers (绒花) making, created in Tang Dynasty, is a traditional and famous art in Nanjing. 1 So, it was widely used during some important events. 2 Luckily, more and more young craftsmen (手艺人) are trying to save it. Murong Yi is one of them. Recently, she shared a video of making a velvet flower online and the video soon got many likes. 3 For beginners, it’s still a big challenge. Murong at first tried to learn from online videos. 4 Finally, she found a one-hour TV program. An inheritor (传承人) carefully showed how to make velvet flowers in it. Buying materials is another problem. Velvet flowers making needs copper wires (铜线). One key step is to choose the size. Even one millimeter (一毫米) will lead to a different shape. 5 . When Murong grew as a skilled craftsman, she opened an online store to sell the materials and her products. By doing this, Murong hoped more people would love velvet flowers making. When Murong grew as a skilled craftsman, she opened an online store to sell the materials and her products. By doing this, Murong hoped more people would love velvet flowers making. A．Velvet flowers making was an endangered (濒危的) folk art. B．Ancient people would wear velvet flowers on their heads. C．With little experience, Murong had to learn from failures and tried again and again. D．The Chinese pronunciation of velvet flowers, ronghua, is similar to another expression with good meaning. E．“I started to learn about it five or six years ago from some TV shows, but I found it’s useless,” she said. F．Murong’s artwork was made of 4,000 pieces of cocoon fiber (蚕丝) in 12 days, but generally, it only takes two to three days to make a common one. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了南京的非遗艺术——绒花制作。 1．根据“Velvet flowers (绒花) making, created in Tang Dynasty, is a traditional and famous art in Nanjing.”以及后文提到的“important events”可知，此处应说明绒花在古代的重要地位和象征意义，D项“‘绒花’的发音与一个寓意吉祥的词相近”解释了它的文化价值，符合语境，故选D。 2．根据“Luckily, more and more young craftsmen (手艺人) …”可知，前一句应描述绒花技艺濒临消失，A项“绒花制作是一种濒危的民间艺术”引出“年轻人正在尝试传承”，符合语境，故选A。 3．根据“she shared a video of making a velvet flower online and the video soon got many likes.”可知此处应具体说明视频中绒花作品的特别之处，F项“她的作品用了4000根蚕丝，花了12天，而普通的只需2到3天”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据“Murong at first tried to learn from online videos.”可知此处应提到她遇到的困难，E项“我五六年前从电视节目中开始学，但发现没什么用”与“tried to learn”形成呼应，故选E。 5．根据前文“Buying materials is another problem. Velvet flowers making needs copper wires (铜线). One key step is to choose the size. Even one millimeter (一毫米) will lead to a different shape.”可知，此处与慕容克服买材料的问题的历程有关，C项“经验少的慕容只能反复试错，从失败中学习”呼应上下文，符合语境，故选C。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通市区·期末)阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余选项。 As we all know, silk is truly one of the most amazing inventions in the world. It was first found in ancient China. The discovery of silk not only changed the way people dressed but also opened up new paths for trade and cultural exchanges around the world. Silk has some really special qualities. It is wonderfully strong, which means clothes made of it can last a long time. 1 It is thought to be one of the best materials for clothes. There is an interesting story about silk. Long ago, Lei Zu, the wife of Huang Di, was enjoying a cup of tea. Suddenly, a silkworm cocoon (蚕茧) fell into her cup. To her surprise, as she pulled on the cocoon, it started to spread itself, and the “line” of silk appeared. She thought that the strong line could be used to make clothes. She then spent a lot of time studying silkworms. She learned about their living habits, what they ate, and how they made cocoons. 2 With everyone’s hard work, the silk industry (产业) was born. For centuries after that, silk was only used by rich people. It was a symbol of identity and status. The rich would wear silk clothes to show their wealth. However, with the development of the silk industry, things started to change. People found better ways to raise silkworms and make silk, so more silk was produced. 3 In the Han Dynasty, they transported silk as far as Spain, Rome and many other countries. The long trade road they took was well known as the Silk Road. It wasn’t just silk that was traded. People also shared ideas, food, and different ways of life. 4 5 It’s not just for clothes any more. Artists use silk to create beautiful paintings because it is perfect for showing different colors. Kites made of silk can fly higher in the sky. Silk is always warmly received around the world. Wherever it goes, silk brings the charm of Chinese culture and shows the wisdom of the ancient Chinese people. A．At the same time, it is light and soft. B．As a result, it was no longer just for rich people. C．Today, silk can be used for many kinds of things. D．Things made of silk were too expensive for most people to buy. E．The Silk Road connected China with the rest of the world, making the world smaller. F．Then Lei Zu taught her people how to raise silkworms and how to get silk from the cocoons. 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．B 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了丝绸的发明以及丝绸之路的形成。 【详解】1．根据“Silk has some really special qualities. It is wonderfully strong, which means clothes made of it can last a long time.”可知，这里说的是丝绸特殊的质量和优点。A选项“同时，它轻盈而柔软。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“She learned about their living habits, what they ate, and how they made cocoons.”可知，本段说的是嫘祖发现丝绸的经过。F选项“然后，嫘祖教人们如何养蚕，如何从蚕茧中获得丝绸。”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据“People found better ways to raise silkworms and make silk, so more silk was produced.”可知，人们可以生产更多的丝绸，说明丝绸不再是富人的专属。B选项“因此，它不再只是富人的专属。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“The long trade road they took was well known as the Silk Road. It wasn’t just silk that was traded. People also shared ideas, food, and different ways of life.”可知，本段在讲述丝绸在世界流通之后促进了其他方面的交流发展。E选项“丝绸之路将中国与其他地方连接起来，使世界变得更小。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“It’s not just for clothes any more.”可知，这段介绍的是丝绸的用途。C选项“如今，丝绸可以用于许多种东西。”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏连云港东海县·期末)阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。 The oil paper umbrella is a traditional Chinese handicraft. It has a history of over 1,000 years in China. In the Tang Dynasty, it was introduced to Japan, where it was called the “Tang Umbrella”. 1 In Vietnam, Thailand and Laos, it has developed into different styles. However, the handmade oil paper umbrellas became less used in daily life. 2 People there make umbrellas from skin paper (皮纸), bamboo and a coating of tung oil (桐油). It needs more than 70 steps to make an oil paper umbrella. Making bamboo ribs, pasting paper (糊纸) and painting patterns are the most important. 3 A young man called Liu Weixue learned the traditional art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas from his grandfather. “I want to bring the art to life,” Liu said. 4 As the traditional paper was easy to break, he started using a kind of thicker paper. In a test, his umbrellas were opened and closed 1,000 times without breaking. He also used special bamboo to make the umbrellas lighter. 5 He goes to local schools to teach students. He also goes to events in different places to promote (推广) the art. A．Now Liu hopes the art can be passed on. B．They were turned into decorative artworks. C．It takes at least a week to make an umbrella. D．Many students are good at making Liu’s umbrellas. E．Later oil paper umbrellas spread to other Asian countries. F．He improved the umbrellas to win the hearts of young people. G．Yuhang has been famous for oil paper umbrellas for more than 250 years. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．C 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国传统手工艺品油纸伞的历史、制作工艺以及传承人刘伟学如何改进和推广这一传统艺术。 【详解】1．根据“The oil paper umbrella is a traditional Chinese handicraft. It has a history of over 1,000 years in China. In the Tang Dynasty, it was introduced to Japan, where it was called the ‘Tang Umbrella’.”可知，油纸伞后来在越南、泰国和老挝发展成了不同的风格，选项E“后来油纸伞传播到其他亚洲国家”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“People there make umbrellas from skin paper (皮纸), bamboo and a coating of tung oil (桐油). ”可知，前面在介绍一个以油纸伞闻名的地方，选项G“余杭以油纸伞闻名已有250多年的历史” 符合语境。故选G。 3．根据“It needs more than 70 steps to make an oil paper umbrella.”可知，制作工序复杂、耗时久，选项C“制作一把油纸伞至少需要一周时间”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“A young man called Liu Weixue learned the traditional art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas from his grandfather. ‘I want to bring the art to life,’ Liu said.”可知，刘伟学在改进油纸伞，选项F“他改进了油纸伞以赢得年轻人的喜爱”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据“He goes to local schools to teach students. He also goes to events in different places to promote (推广) the art.”可知，现在他希望这门艺术能够传承下去，选项A“现在刘希望这门艺术能够传承下去”符合语境。故选A。 主题04 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏连云港海州区·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。 Physical literacy (体育素养) is about our ability to be active, which is good for both our minds and bodies. For younger kids, adults can be important for helping them develop physical literacy. 1 Offering many types of activities Taking part in activities like running, jumping, throwing, catching and kicking is important for physical literacy. 2 This variety helps people become skilled in plenty of movements and helps them develop how they think and feel about movement. 3 Activity clubs should use games and activities that are interesting and enjoyable for young people. Fun activities make kids want to take part and learn new skills. Adults should make sure that all young people feel relaxed and have a voice, choice, and the chance to develop. Taking things step by step 4 Providing clear instructions, examples, and allowing young people to explore movement helps kids learn and develop as fast or as slow as they can. Providing active feedback (反馈) It is important for adults to realize young people’s improvements. When adults point out what young people are doing well and how they can improve, it builds confidence. 5 Simple sentences like “well done” often make kids’ bodies and minds feel good. A．Everyone can take part B．Taking part and having fun C．Here’s how your parents, teachers, and coaches can help. D．Young people should get the chance to work well with others. E．This should be in different types of sports and also in different environments. F．When kids feel confident in an activity, they are more likely to keep taking part. G．Adults should break hard skills down into smaller steps for young people to learn. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．G 5．F 【导语】本文围绕体育素养展开，介绍成年人帮助孩子发展体育素养的多种方式，包括提供多样活动、确保参与乐趣、分步教学、积极反馈等。 【详解】1．前文说“For younger kids, adults can be important for helping them develop physical literacy”对年幼孩子而言，成年人对帮助他们发展体育素养很重要，后文开始讲具体帮助方式，选项C“以下是你的父母、老师和教练能提供帮助的方式”起到承上启下作用，符合语境，故选C。 2．前文提到“Taking part in activities like running... is important for physical literacy.”参与跑步等活动对体育素养重要，选项E“这应该涵盖不同类型运动及不同环境”中“this”指代参与活动这件事，说明活动要多样，符合语境，故选E。 3．后文讲“Activity clubs should use games and activities that are interesting and enjoyable…”活动俱乐部应采用有趣的活动，有趣的活动让孩子想参与……，强调参与活动并获得乐趣，选项B“参与并享受乐趣”契合段落主旨。故选B。 4．段落标题是“Taking things step by step”分步进行，选项G“成年人应把复杂技能分解成小步骤，让年轻人学习”符合“分步”逻辑，符合语境，故选G。 5．前文说“When adults point out what young people are doing well and how they can improve, it builds confidence.”当成年人指出年轻人做得好的地方及改进方法，能建立信心，选项F“当孩子在活动中感到自信，他们更可能持续参与”承接“建立信心”，说明信心带来的积极结果，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通启东市·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Now, more and more people walk to keep healthy. Do you know why? 1 Walking makes your heart strong. If you walk more, you can make your heart stronger. A 30-minute walk every day helps you to stay away from high blood pressure (高血压). 2 If you walk two miles an hour, you will burn (燃烧) about seventy-five calories of heat. When you walk three miles an hour, you will burn about ninety-nine calories. So it’s really a good way to keep thin. Walking helps old people not forget things easily. If old people can walk six miles or more every week, they will be able to remember things more easily and better. Walking in the sun helps you get enough Vitamin (维生素) D． 3 Taking a walk is a perfect way for you to do sports and get enough Vitamin D at the same time. Walking gives you energy. Walking makes you become stronger and have enough energy. 4 Walking makes you relaxed. Walking makes you feel good and peaceful. You can feel less worried and more relaxed if you often go walking. 5 Keep on walking, and you can get stronger, get in better shape, full of more energy and above all become healthier. A．So why not have a try now? B．Walking helps you become thin. C．Here are some important reasons. D．But some people dislike going walking. E．We all need to get enough Vitamin D to keep healthy. F．To get more energy, you can walk during your spare time. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了为什么散步会让人保持健康的原因。 1．根据“Now, more and more people walk to keep healthy. Do you know why?”可知，此处是要引出走路为什么会让人健康的原因。C项“这里有一些重要的原因”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“If you walk two miles an hour, you will burn (燃烧) about seventy-five calories of heat.”可知，此句是说散步会让人变瘦。B项“散步可以帮助你变瘦”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据“Walking in the sun helps you get enough Vitamin (维生素) D.”可知，此句内容与维生素D的有关。E项“我们都需要摄入足够的维生素D来保持健康”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“Walking makes you become stronger and have enough energy. ”可知，此句是说散步与能量的关系。F项“为了获得更多的能量，你可以在业余时间散步”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据“Keep on walking, and you can get stronger, get in better shape, full of more energy and above all become healthier.”可知，此句是号召人们去散步。A项“那么为什么现在不试试呢”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁泗洪县·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What are PE lessons like in your country? 1 Yuan Ningfei, 16, the UK At my school, sports can be relaxed. You don’t have to go to a 40-minute class each week. Instead, we get to pick when we want to play sports. 2 So everyone can find their favourite sports. Our school has many amazing activities. We can take lessons in swimming, rock climbing, dancing and so on. Niu Hanliang, 15, the US In my school, every afternoon from 3: 30 to 5 pm is PE time. In PE classes, students usually just do some exercise, such as running or weight lifting (举重) in the gym, or playing. However, people in the US love sports a lot. 3 Every school has sports teams, for example, American football, baseball, basketball, tennis, and much more. Emilia Jovic, 16, Serbia In Serbia, our school classes include two hours of PE per week. Each part lasts 50 minutes. During these classes, we start with 10 minutes of running, then we play different sports like soccer, basketball, volleyball, or badminton. Many students at my school love physical activities very much. 4 Each training lasts two hours. Different countries has different PE lessons. Most of the students like it very much. 5 Do you think so? A．They also join after-school clubs to get training five times each week. B．There are many interesting outdoor activities. C．Some students from all over the world tell something about their PE classes. D．Sports team training is another way of PE. E．There are also a great number of sports to choose from. F．All the students don't have exams for sports. G．Doing sports is a great way to stay active and improve our health. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家的体育课。 【详解】1．根据“What are PE lessons like in your country?”可知，设空处应该是介绍各个国家的体育课，选项C“一些来自世界各地的学生讲述了他们的体育课。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“ So everyone can find their favourite sports.”可知，前一句应该提到有很多体育项目可供选择，选项E“也有很多运动可供选择。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Every school has sports teams, for example, American football, baseball, basketball, tennis, and much more.”可知，设空处前应该讲到学校里有运动队，选项D“运动队训练是体育的另一种方式。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“Each training lasts two hours.”可知，前一句应该提到训练的频率，选项A“他们还参加课外俱乐部，每周进行五次训练。”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据“Different countries has different PE lessons. Most of the students like it very much.”以及“Do you think so?”可知，最后一句应总结体育的重要性，选项G“做运动是保持活跃和改善健康的好方法。”符合语境。故选G。 主题01 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏盐城建湖县·期末)阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Animals are amazing travellers. 1 This is called migration (迁徙). Monarch butterflies (黑脉金斑蝶) are one of the most amazing animal travellers. 2 The autumn migration Across North America, monarch butterflies migrate in autumn. This is their first journey. Some of them fly to California, while about 300 million spend the winter in Mexico. 3 Many butterflies are eaten by birds, some butterflies are killed by cars when flying across highways, and others die in storms. Many monarch butterfly watchers help to record the migration. 4 For example, monarch butterflies may travel over 3,200 kilometres on their journey. They travel about 50 kilometres a day, at speeds of about 12 kilometres per hour. The spring migration 5 This is their second journey. On the way back north, the butterflies lay eggs (产卵), and then they die. The eggs soon turn into butterflies and travel north. But, this generation (代) may not make it either. Sometimes it can take three or four generations of butterflies to make it back to other parts of North America. A．Monarch butterflies fly north in spring. B．They make two huge journeys each year. C．Scientists want to know why animals migrate. D．During the journey, monarch butterflies face many dangers. E．The watchers find some amazing facts about these butterflies. F．Some animals leave one place and travel to another place during the year. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了动物迁徙的现象，并以黑脉金斑蝶为例，详细说明了它们每年两次迁徙的路线、面临的挑战以及观察者发现的有趣事实。 【详解】1．根据“Animals are amazing travellers...This is called migration (迁徙).”可知，这里是在解释动物迁徙的定义，F选项“有些动物会在一年中离开一个地方，迁徙到另一个地方”正好衔接前文，引出“迁徙”的概念，故选F。 2．根据后文“The autumn migration”和“The spring migration”可知，黑脉金斑蝶每年会进行两次长途迁徙，B选项“它们每年会进行两次大规模的迁徙”概括了这一特点，起到承上启下的作用，故选B。 3．根据“Many butterflies are eaten by birds, some butterflies are killed by cars...die in storms.”可知，这是在描述迁徙途中的各种危险，D选项“在迁徙途中，黑脉金斑蝶面临着许多危险”与后文内容对应，故选D。 4．根据“For example, monarch butterflies may travel over 3,200 kilometres on their journey.”可知，这里是观察者发现的具体数据和事实，E选项“观察者们发现了一些关于这些蝴蝶的惊人事实”引出了下文的例子，故选E。 5．根据“The spring migration”和“This is their second journey.”可知，这里讲的是春季向北迁徙，A选项“黑脉金斑蝶在春季向北飞行”与段落主题一致，故选A。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏苏州立达中学·期末)请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever traveled somewhere without noticing the route (路线) you took or the people you passed? 1 If your answer is yes, it’s time to try mindfulness. Mindfulness is about training the mind to be in the present moment. 2 It is not what has already happened or what might happen next. It is about noticing our thoughts, feelings and things around us. Research has shown that mindfulness can improve our concentration (专注), relationships and mental health. Paying more attention to the present can help us enjoy the world around us. 3 According to the Mindfulness Research Centre of Oxford University, mindfulness can also teach us to deal with stress more easily. Michael Bready, who set up the organization Youth Mindfulness, has taught mindfulness to thousands of young people. 4 *Be curious about things. If you are curious and really pay attention, you can enjoy what the world offers. *Be kind to yourself. Mindfulness takes practice. Sometimes it can feel relaxing but other times it can be difficult and boring. * 5 When you’re going to bed at night, pay attention to something that helps you feel peaceful. It can be your breath or other sounds. *Be happy. You can add some happiness by being mind mindful when you enjoy something. For example, if you are eating a sweet, close your eyes and really taste it! A．Be peaceful in life. B．Be active in sports. C．Here are some of his top tips to readers. D．You should pay attention to what is happening now. E．It encourages us to thank things we think they should be. F．Have you ever finished your meal noticing its rich tastes nicely? G．Have you ever finished your breakfast fast without noticing what it tasted like? 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文围绕“专注当下”展开，介绍其概念、益处，还通过迈克尔・布雷迪的机构及他给读者的建议，阐述如何践行专注当下。 1．根据“Have you ever traveled somewhere without noticing the route (路线) you took or the people you passed?”可知，前文询问你曾在旅行时没留意路线或路过的人吗？G选项“你曾快速吃完早餐却没留意味道吗？”符合题意。故选G。 2．根据“Mindfulness is about training the mind to be in the present moment.”可知，专注当下是训练大脑关注当下。D选项“你应该关注现在发生的事”符合题意。故选D。 3．根据“Paying more attention to the present can help us enjoy the world around us.”和“According to the Mindfulness Research Centre of Oxford University, mindfulness can also teach us to deal with stress more easily.”可知，前文讲述更多地关注当下能帮助我们享受周围的世界，后文表示据牛津大学正念研究中心称，正念也能教我们更轻松地应对压力。E选项“它鼓励我们感激我们认为理应如此的事物”符合题意。故选E。 4．根据“Michael Bready, who set up the organization Youth Mindfulness, has taught mindfulness to thousands of young people.”可知，迈克尔・布雷迪创立了青年专注组织，已教过数千年轻人专注当下。C选项“以下是他给读者的一些重要建议”符合题意。故选C。 5．根据“When you’re going to bed at night, pay attention to something that helps you feel peaceful.”可知，晚上睡觉时，关注能让你感到平静的事物。A选项“在生活中保持平静”符合题意。故选A。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通海安市·期末)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Some dogs have so many toys that it can be difficult for their owners to follow them. There is something special about dogs that might surprise you. According to research, some of our four-legged friends have the ability to remember the names of their toys. 1 The research involved five dogs. Researchers firstly taught the dogs the names of 12 new toys. After a month, researchers tested the dogs to see if they could remember the names. 2 For the new study, each owner took the toys out of hiding. Then they put them on the floor with some other toys. The researchers watched with cameras while the owners said the names of the earlier hidden toys and asked the dogs to get them. 3 Some of the dogs could get the right toy about 60% of the time. If the dogs forgot the names of their toys, researchers would believe that they could make the right choices 20.4% of the time—clearly by chance. 4 Lead researcher Shany Dror told reporters that the study showed that the dogs kept the names of their toys in their two-year memory. The research team said, “While some dogs can learn the names of objects, it still isn’t clear why others cannot.” Dror said these dogs often had kind owners. 5 “If you spend more time with your dog, you will get more back from your kindness,” she said. A．They spent a lot of time with them. B．They are too busy to stay with their dogs. C．The owners then put the toys away for two years. D．The dogs usually got the right toy 44% of the time. E．They can remember even those they saw a long time ago. F．The smartest dogs could remember as many as nine, of the old toys. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．D 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项关于狗记忆能力的研究，发现部分狗能记住玩具名称并长期保持记忆。 【详解】1．根据上文“According to research, some of our four-legged friends have the ability to remember the names of their toys.”和下文“The research involved five dogs. Researchers firstly taught the dogs the names of 12 new toys. After a month, researchers tested the dogs to see if they could remember the names.”可知，此处应是继续讲述狗狗的记忆能力，且与“一段时间后是否还能记得”相关，选项E“它们甚至能记住很久之前见过的东西”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据上文“After a month, researchers tested the dogs to see if they could remember the names.”可知，此处讲述的内容与测试的时间长度相关，选项C“主人们随后把这些玩具收起来放了两年”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据下文“Some of the dogs could get the right toy about 60% of the time. If the dogs forgot the names of their toys, researchers would believe that they could make the right choices 20.4% of the time—clearly by chance.”可知，此处应补充研究结果，选项D“这些狗通常有44%的概率能选对玩具”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据上文“Some of the dogs could get the right toy about 60% of the time. If the dogs forgot the names of their toys, researchers would believe that they could make the right choices 20.4% of the time—clearly by chance.”可知，此处应继续讲述与“记忆能力的差异”相关的内容，选项F“最聪明的狗能记住多达九个旧玩具”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据上文“Dror said these dogs often had kind owners.”和下文“If you spend more time with your dog, you will get more back from your kindness,”可知，此处应是讲述主人和狗狗的相处，选项A“他们花了很多时间和它们在一起”符合语境。故选A。 主题02 人与自我——方法/策略 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏苏州工业园区·期末)根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将选项填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hosting a second-hand sale is a great way to raise money for charity. 1 Here are some useful tips. ● Choose the date and place. 2 Think about hosting it in a busy area, such as a popular park or an open space near a shopping center. Call the venue manager (场地管理人员) to make sure that a charity sale is allowed. ● 3 Invite friends, family and neighbors to donate items they no longer need. ● Organize and price the items. Separate them into a few groups, like clothing, shoes, toys, books, etc. Do some research (调查) online and at local second-hand stores to see how similar items are priced. 4 Put a price tag on each item. ● Prepare other things. 5 Also, make banners (横幅) or signs to help direct people to the sale. ● Promote (促进) the sale. Spread the word by using social media (社交媒体) and handing out leaflets. A．Collect items for sale. B．Ask your parents to join in the sale. C．Set fair prices to help sell things. D．Books are popular on the second-hand market. E．But these sales need careful planning and preparation. F．Get picnic blankets or tables to display the items on the day of the sale. G．Try to hold your sale on a weekend when more people are free to shop. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文主要介绍了举办二手义卖活动为慈善事业筹集资金的方法，并给出了一些实用建议。 1．根据“Hosting a second-hand sale is a great way to raise money for charity.”和后文“Here are some useful tips.”可知，此处是说二手义卖需要精心策划和准备，选项E“但这些义卖需要仔细的规划和准备”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“Choose the date and place.”和后文“Think about hosting it in a busy area, such as a popular park or an open space near a shopping center.”可知，此处是建议选择一个合适的日期和地点，选项G“尽量在周末举办义卖，这样更多人有空购物”符合语境。故选G。 3．根据“Invite friends, family and neighbors to donate items they no longer need.”可知，此处是建议收集待售物品，选项A“收集待售物品”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“Do some research (调查) online and at local second-hand stores to see how similar items are priced.”和“Put a price tag on each item.”可知，此处是建议设定合理的价格，选项C“设定公平的价格以促进销售”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“Prepare other things.”和后文“Also, make banners (横幅) or signs to help direct people to the sale.”可知，此处是建议准备其他物品，选项F“准备野餐毯或桌子以便在义卖当天摆放物品”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京秦淮七校·期末)阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。并将选项填写在答题卷相应位置上。 Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide guests (客人) with things like disposable (一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers. 1 But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. 2 Many disposable things are made of plastic (塑料). People throw them away after only using them once. 3 Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400 kg of waste a year! Most of that waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. So the less plastic we throw out, the better. 4 Back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Try to do these things in your daily life: Use cloth shopping bags. Not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. 5 Do not use paper cups. At your school lining room, use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones. To protect our environment and our home, it is very necessary and important for us to save natural resources. A．It is a waste of natural resources and is very bad for the environment. B．Many guests like the idea because they don’t have to bring their own. C．Here are some ideas for you to live a green life. D．They want to ask people to use disposable things less. E．Then you can use it over and over again. F．So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again. G．What should we do to save the earth? 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文主要讲述了北京的宾馆为了环保不再向客人提供一次性的生活用品，作者倡导我们在家也可以做一些环保的事情，比如用布购物袋，不再用纸杯等。 1．根据上文“Most Chinese hotels often provide guests (客人) with things like disposable (一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers.”可知，很多中国宾馆经常向客人提供一些一次性的牙刷，牙具，洗发水和拖鞋，这样给客人带来便利。选项B“许多客人喜欢这个想法，因为他们不必携带自己的东西。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据上文“Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables.”和下文“Many disposable things are made of plastic (塑料).”可知，从6月份开始，北京的一些宾馆不再向客人提供这些一次性的东西，很多一次性的东西是塑料做的。选项D“他们想要让人们少用一次性东西。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据上文“People throw them away after only using them once.”可知，人们只用了一次就把它们扔了，选项A“这是资源的浪费并且对环境很不好。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上文“So the less plastic we throw out, the better.”可知，我们扔的垃圾越少，越好。选项F“所以无论你去哪里旅游，带上自己的东西并重复使用。”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据上文“After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry.”可知，在用完垃圾袋后，洗干净然后把它弄干，说明可以多次重复使用。选项E“然后你可以一遍又一遍地使用它。”符合语境，故选E。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏盐城亭湖区·期末)阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、结构完整。其中一个是多余的选项。 Friends are the ones who we walk through life together. If we share our ups and downs, pains and joys with our friends, we will get more happiness and less sadness. 1 Be friendly to others. 2 You should try to make a stranger feel at home whenever he happens to be. That is the first step of making friends. Be yourself. 3 Just be yourself. You can meet real friends when you are who you are. The truest friendship is built with both accepting each other for who they are. 4 This connection (联系) between you and the other one can only begin when your heart is open. You can’t form any new connection if you don’t trust others. It’ll send the wrong information and cause them to close off their hearts to you, too. Be there for them. A friendship is a union that supports two people. 5 When you help your friends, you should help unconditionally (无条件地). The satisfaction you get from helping others is greater than anything you can get in return. A．Be a humorous friend. B．Don’t change yourself to make new friends. C．Here are some ways to make new friends. D．Open your heart. E．Smile at others and you will be sure to get a smile in return. F．Give support to your friends as possible as you can. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文主要介绍了朋友的重要性和交友的方法。 1．根据下文“Be friendly to others.”、“Be yourself.”和“Be there for them.”可知，此处介绍交朋友的方法，选项C“这里有一些结交新朋友的方法。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据上文“Be friendly to others.”和下文“You should try to make a stranger feel at home whenever he happens to be.”可知，要对他人友好，让他人感到宾至如归，选项E“对别人微笑，你一定会得到一个微笑的回报。”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“Be yourself.”和下文“Just be yourself.”可知，说的是做你自己就好，不需要改变自己，选项B“不要为了交新朋友而改变自己。”符合语境，故选B。 4．根据下文“This connection (联系) between you and the other one can only begin when your heart is open.”可知，敞开心扉才能与他人形成新的关系，选项D“敞开你的心扉。”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据下文“When you help your friends, you should help unconditionally (无条件地).”可知，要无条件帮助你的朋友，选项F“尽可能地支持你的朋友。”符合语境，故选F。 主题03 人与自我——意见/建议 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江句容市·期末)阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 Since everyone likes to be around people with good manners, one can never learn too much about manners. Here are some rules that may help you become a more polite person. In public, it is kind to hold the door open for others, especially when you see someone with arms full or who might have difficulty getting in. Never allow a door to shut heavily on anyone following you. But avoid holding a door open when someone is a bit far away. 1 Be kind to people who work for you, such as waiters, shopkeepers and postmen. It is kind to smile and say “thank you” to them when they are easily forgotten by most people. They work hard so that we can enjoy our lives. 2 Take off your headphones (耳机) before you speak to someone. At the end of a phone call with people older than you, it’s proper to make sure they end the phone call first. 3 Loud noise is always unwelcome and may even cause fights. 4 Hear them out before expressing your own opinion. Allow them to voice their opinions, even when you don’t agree with them. Use your communication skills instead of raising your voice to express yourself. Also, when you are in a group conversation, make eye contact with others. This shows that you are paying attention. Try to share the “talking time” fairly. 5 And if you need to leave the conversation briefly (简短地), excuse yourself politely. A．Don’t cut in on people when they talk. B．This might cause them to hurry up to the door. C．It’s important to let them know their work is seen by us. D．Always remember to use words instead of fights to work out problems. E．It’s wise to get to the meeting room 15 minutes before the meeting starts. F．When in public, don’t play music or videos loudly on your mobile phones. G．Don’t always be the one who talks the most, but also make sure you get a chance to share your ideas. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何成为一个更有礼貌的人，并提供了几条具体的礼仪规则。 【详解】1．根据“But avoid holding a door open when someone is a bit far away.”可知，此段主要围绕在公共场合开门这一行为展开描述，选项B“这可能会让他们想赶紧往门口走。”进一步解释如果有人离得比较远，就不要一直扶着门的原因。故选B。 2．根据“Be kind to people who work for you, such as waiters, shopkeepers and postmen. It is kind to smile and say ‘thank you’ to them when they are easily forgotten by most people. They work hard so that we can enjoy our lives.”可知，此段强调要对为自己工作的人友善，要感谢他们，选项C“让他们知道我们看到了他们的工作，这很重要。”符合此段主旨，故选C。 3．根据“Loud noise is always unwelcome and may even cause fights.”可知，此段提到大声的噪音不受欢迎甚至可能引发争吵，选项F“在公共场合，不要在手机上大声播放音乐或视频。”符合语境，故选F。 4．根据“Hear them out before expressing your own opinion.”可知，此段主要讲在交流中要倾听他人意见，选项A“别人说话时不要打断他们。”符合此段关于交流方式的主题，故选A。 5．根据“Also, when you are in a group conversation, make eye contact with others. This shows that you are paying attention. Try to share the ‘talking time’ fairly.”可知，此段讲在群体对话中要注意眼神交流和公平分享说话时间，选项G“不要总是做说话最多的那个人，但也要确保自己有机会分享想法。”进一步阐述了在群体对话中关于说话时间的要点，符合语境，故选G。 Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁宿豫区·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some people seem to be born happy. Nothing seems to get them down. However, some people seem to have everything going well but they still do not seem to be happy. 1 ◆Listen to music Music is good for people. 2 Light music can help us relax; some pop music can make us feel happy. You can listen to it, or take up playing an instrument in your spare time. ◆Have a pet You may not have a pet of your own, but pets are so good at making people happy. 3 Some pets are lovely and some need exercise, which is helpful to you, too. ◆Stay fit and healthy Try to keep fit and healthy by exercising every day. 4 The great thing about exercise is that it helps release (释放) chemicals and these chemicals make you feel happy! 5 Often it is the small things that make people happy. Being kind and smiling at people in your daily life can make others happy, and at the same time, it will also build happiness for you. A．Be kind and smile B．Be active and happy C．Exercise can keep you happy. D．There are different kinds of it. E．Many reasons can explain why people like to have pets. F．One thing is for sure that money cannot make a person happy. G．No matter who you are, you can build happiness by doing the following things. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何保持快乐的方法。 1．根据“Some people seem to be born happy…but they still do not seem to be happy.”以及“Listen to music”可知，此处引出下文，介绍一些如何保持快乐的方法。选项G“无论你是谁，都可以通过以下方式获得快乐。”符合语境。故选G。 2．根据“Light music can help us relax; some pop music can make us feel happy.”可知，此处应介绍音乐有不同种类，选项D“有不同种类的音乐。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“Some pets are lovely and some need exercise, which is helpful to you, too.”可知，此处是说人们喜欢养宠物的原因，选项E“很多原因可以解释为什么人们喜欢养宠物。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“Try to keep fit and healthy by exercising every day.”以及“The great thing about exercise is that it helps release (释放) chemicals and these chemicals make you feel happy!”可知，此处是说锻炼能让人开心，选项C“锻炼能让你开心。”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据“Being kind and smiling at people in your daily life can make others happy”可知，此处是说要善良和微笑，选项A“要善良并微笑”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏苏州吴中、吴江、相城区·期末)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hello, I hope you love gardening but don’t you have a yard? If that’s the case, consider container gardening (容器园艺). You can grow plants in pots and containers rather than in the ground. It is a great way to grow flowers, vegetables, fruit trees and more. 1 To begin with, you don’t need much space. 2 In fact, a sunny indoor space, away into a kitchen windowsill (窗台) is perfect for a few small plants. If they’re not too big or heavy, containers are portable (便携式的). This allows you to move your plants inside if necessary. Or you can move your plants into the shade on hot days. 3 With containers, you’re almost certain to fill them with rich soil. Here’s an important tip. 4 So, it’s best to place them where you want them to be before filling them. Almost anything can be used as a container, such as wooden boxes or old boots. 5 Just be sure there are holes in the bottom of your containers for proper drainage (排水). A nice container garden will show off your gardening skills and your creativity. A．There are a great number of things that can be used. B．Use the following tips to help you choose the plants. C．There are lots of good things about this way of gardening. D．Large containers can get heavy once they’ve been filled. E．Popular plants for containers include flowers and grasses. F．Containers allow you to place your plants wherever they’ll grow best. G．A balcony or any other outdoor area that receives direct sunlight will work. 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．F 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了容器园艺。 1．根据前文“You can grow plants in pots and containers rather than in the ground. It is a great way to grow flowers, vegetables, fruit trees and more.”及后文可知，第一段介绍了容器园艺的好处，引出下文，选项C“这种园艺方式有很多好处。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据上句“To begin with, you don’t need much space”及后文可知，本文段介绍了容器园艺不需要太多空间，选项G“阳台或任何其他接受阳光直射的室外区域都可以使用。”符合语境。故选G。 3．根据上文“This allows you to move your plants inside if necessary. Or you can move your plants into the shade on hot days”可知，本文段讨论了容器园艺的便携性，可以放在最适合植物生长的地方，选项F“容器可以让你把植物放在它们生长最好的地方。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据前后文“With containers, you’re almost certain to fill them with rich soil. Here’s an important tip.…So, it’s best to place them where you want them to be before filling them.”可知，本文段提示容器填充后可能变重，此处介绍先把容器的放置位置找好的原因，选项D“大型容器一旦装满，可能会变得很重。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据上句“Almost anything can be used as a container, such as wooden boxes or old boots.”可知，几乎任何东西都可以用作容器，比如木箱和旧靴子，选项A“有大量的东西可以使用。”符合语境。故选A。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读还原 主题01 人与社会——志愿服务 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江市区·期末)阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 When Elaina was 7, she came up with a plan to feed hundreds of people. “She wanted to make lunches for homeless people,” her grandmother Lund said. Each bag held a peanut sandwich, a piece of fruit, a drink, chips, and a granola bar (燕麦棒). Lund said, “ 1 ” The idea of helping others comes naturally to the young girl in Colorado. “I saw that there were a lot of people that needed food there,” Elaina said. “At that time, I didn’t understand why. 2 ” When people are hungry, it can be hard for them to focus on study or work. 3 Over time, not having enough to eat can harm a person’s physical and mental health. In Colorado, around 11% of people say they don’t always eat as much as they think they should. They say they don’t have money to buy enough food. 4 “Hunger affects (影响) people in every single community nationwide,” Levy says. He’s the director of a hunger-relief group based in Elaina’s hometown. 5 That’s when she and her grandmother went to the group to collect food and supplies to help people in need. “I feel proud,” Elaina says, when asked about her work. “No matter how young, old, short or tall you’re, you can always do something to make a difference,” she says. A．Hunger can make them feel tired or not active. B．Hunger can make them lose weight. C．Of course, hunger is not a problem only in Colorado. D．Helping others makes the young girl feel excited. E．Levy has known Elaina since 2021. F．We went to the center of the town and Elaina handed all 400 of them out. G．But as soon as I could help, I wanted to help. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏扬州仪征市·期末)根据短文内容，从所给选项中选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项。（有一项多余） Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operation Smile? We hope we can help you understand how we are trying to help children all over the world. 1 In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to the Philippines to help children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths. It was very difficult for them to eat and drink. These volunteers worked very hard. But they worried that they could not carry on with the work because they need money. 2 They called it Operation Smile. Operation Smile works in more than twenty developing countries and has cured over 300,000 children who have problems with their mouths. Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999, it even started a special event called “The Journey of Hope”. 3 On the other hand, Operation Smile trains local doctors and nurses in developing countries. 4 As to the children with much more serious problems, they will send them to the USA for further treatment. So show your kindness and generosity to the needy children now. 5 Many thanks from the children who can smile now will come to you. A．Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife. B．5,000 children in 18 countries were cured during the event. C．More young people will have a big smile if they want to do it. D．You can send your donation to Operation Smile at local banks. E．So they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. F．Then they decided to start a charity so that they could help these needy children. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江丹阳市·期末)阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 In a world where many people are fighting with challenges, charity has become more necessary than ever. 1 It gives us a chance to care about their feelings and take action to support them. Charity helps solve problems. Some charities offer food to hungry families. Some build schools in poor areas. 2 For example, after earthquakes or floods, charity groups often arrive first to save lives. Never worry that your actions are too small to matter. Small actions can lead to big differences. A simple act like giving directions for a lost tourist, is part of building a caring world. 3 Anyone can join charity work, no matter his age, job, or social role. Students might collect books for children, and teachers can give free lessons. Even young kids can join by drawing cards for sick people in hospitals. Their smiles show that charity is joyful for helpers too! 4 When people work closely with each other, they may feel a sense of belonging (归属感). Let’s take cleaning a park with others as an example. People not only make a tidier and cleaner environment for visitors, but also get the chance to feel like a family. Last year, my school raised $500 for a children’s hospital by selling handmade crafts. We learned teamwork and kindness at the same time! Charity also makes us better people. 5 Helping others allows us to better understand their difficulties and build our own patience. Let’s start today. Share your lunch with a friend, help an elderly neighbour, or donate old clothes. Remember that kindness grows when we pass it on. A．Charity means helping people in need. B．It builds up our personalities and values. C．It’s not only the powerful who can do charity. D．Giving directions for a foreigner is not an easy task. E．Others are especially helpful to people facing natural disasters. F．Charity helps people build friendship and brings people closer. G．Natural disasters leave millions of people homeless and hungry. 主题02 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁经济开发区·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Nowadays, it is popular to choose green travel and help protect the Earth. If you also want to try greener ways to travel, the following ideas may help. 1 This is the greenest way! It needs no gas, makes no bad air, and is healthy. For short trips to school, the store, or a friend’s house, walking is great. 2 It is just as green as walking. It’s faster and lets you go farther. Many cities now have bike lanes, making cycling safer and easier. 3 Buses and trains can carry many people together. This means fewer cars on the road and less pollution. Choosing public transport really helps. 4 You can try to share a ride with others going to the same place (carpool). This puts fewer cars on the road. Or, choose an electric car—they make much less pollution than gas cars. 5 Before going out, ask yourself, “Do I really need to go?”, “Can you do several things in one trip?” Remember, every time you choose a greener way to travel, you help the Earth! Small choices make a big difference. A．Riding a bike is another excellent green choice. B．Walking is the simplest and oldest way to travel. C．Taking a taxi is quick when you’re in a hurry. D．When you must drive, try carpooling or a cleaner car (like an electric car). E．Flying is convenient for very long trips. F．Use buses, trains, and other public transport more often. G．Plan trips ahead and avoid unnecessary travel. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通通州市·期末)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Earth Day, which falls on April 22, is a day to call on more people to protect the natural world. Last year’s theme “Planet (行星) vs. Plastics” is especially important because plastic is harming our environment in many ways. Plastic doesn’t break down easily. 1 To fight against plastic pollution, we all need to do something. Governments can make rules to limit the use of plastic and encourage people to recycle. Businesses should find ways to use less plastic or use recycled plastic instead. International cooperation (合作) is of great importance, as many environmental problems need worldwide support. 2 Schools can help, too. 3 By taking part in activities like zero-waste events at school, we are more likely to make proper choices in our daily lives. We can also share what we know with our friends and families. 4 We are advised to use reusable shopping bags and glass bottles instead of plastic ones. It’s a good idea to try to buy something without a lot of plastic packaging (包装). Even small changes in our daily habits can be helpful. Earth Day is a perfect chance to have our voice heard. 5 Let’s work together towards a greener world. A．We students can make a difference. B．This simple habit can reduce plastic waste. C．Remember that every little bit helps to protect the earth for the future. D．They can teach students the harm of plastic pollution and lead them to take action. E．This means it can stay in the environment for a very long time, hurting animals and plants. F．By working together,countries can share knowledge and resources to make a better world. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏苏州高新区·期末)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A carbon footprint (碳足迹) is the total number of greenhouse gases (温室气体) that are produced by our actions. A person’s carbon footprint in the United States is 16 tons, one of the highest in the world. To avoid a 2℃ rise in earth’s temperatures, the carbon footprint per year needs to drop to under 2 tons by 2050. 1 So here are some simple steps we can take to help. Look at what you’re eating Eating more vegetables and fruits and less meat is surely good for our environment. 2 Eating less meat can reduce your carbon footprint by up to 500 kilograms of CO2 per year. Save energy at home Much of the home energy are powered by coal, oil and gas. Try to use less energy by washing your clothes with cold water. 3 For example, you can put in solar panels (太阳能板) to collect energy from the sun for your home. Walk, bike or take public transport The world’s roadways are full of traffic, and most of them are polluting the air. Walking or riding a bike instead of driving will reduce greenhouse gas. 4 For longer trips, choosing public transport will be better. Reduce, reuse and recycle Buying things that are well made can go a long way to reducing the number of waste one produces. 5 Of course, if you can’t reuse something, you can also try to recycle it. A．Another terrible fact is that much food is wasted. B．It will also do harm to your health and fitness. C．Choose to use energy from the sun and wind if possible. D．If you really need a car, why not choose an electric (用电的) one? E．It’s not easy to lower the carbon footprints from 16 tons to 2 tons. F．This is because producing foods made from plants needs less energy. G．If you don’t want something anymore, give it away or try to reuse it. 主题03 人与社会——传统工艺 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通通州区·期末)阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余选项。 Velvet flowers (绒花) making, created in Tang Dynasty, is a traditional and famous art in Nanjing. 1 So, it was widely used during some important events. 2 Luckily, more and more young craftsmen (手艺人) are trying to save it. Murong Yi is one of them. Recently, she shared a video of making a velvet flower online and the video soon got many likes. 3 For beginners, it’s still a big challenge. Murong at first tried to learn from online videos. 4 Finally, she found a one-hour TV program. An inheritor (传承人) carefully showed how to make velvet flowers in it. Buying materials is another problem. Velvet flowers making needs copper wires (铜线). One key step is to choose the size. Even one millimeter (一毫米) will lead to a different shape. 5 . When Murong grew as a skilled craftsman, she opened an online store to sell the materials and her products. By doing this, Murong hoped more people would love velvet flowers making. When Murong grew as a skilled craftsman, she opened an online store to sell the materials and her products. By doing this, Murong hoped more people would love velvet flowers making. A．Velvet flowers making was an endangered (濒危的) folk art. B．Ancient people would wear velvet flowers on their heads. C．With little experience, Murong had to learn from failures and tried again and again. D．The Chinese pronunciation of velvet flowers, ronghua, is similar to another expression with good meaning. E．“I started to learn about it five or six years ago from some TV shows, but I found it’s useless,” she said. F．Murong’s artwork was made of 4,000 pieces of cocoon fiber (蚕丝) in 12 days, but generally, it only takes two to three days to make a common one. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通市区·期末)阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余选项。 As we all know, silk is truly one of the most amazing inventions in the world. It was first found in ancient China. The discovery of silk not only changed the way people dressed but also opened up new paths for trade and cultural exchanges around the world. Silk has some really special qualities. It is wonderfully strong, which means clothes made of it can last a long time. 1 It is thought to be one of the best materials for clothes. There is an interesting story about silk. Long ago, Lei Zu, the wife of Huang Di, was enjoying a cup of tea. Suddenly, a silkworm cocoon (蚕茧) fell into her cup. To her surprise, as she pulled on the cocoon, it started to spread itself, and the “line” of silk appeared. She thought that the strong line could be used to make clothes. She then spent a lot of time studying silkworms. She learned about their living habits, what they ate, and how they made cocoons. 2 With everyone’s hard work, the silk industry (产业) was born. For centuries after that, silk was only used by rich people. It was a symbol of identity and status. The rich would wear silk clothes to show their wealth. However, with the development of the silk industry, things started to change. People found better ways to raise silkworms and make silk, so more silk was produced. 3 In the Han Dynasty, they transported silk as far as Spain, Rome and many other countries. The long trade road they took was well known as the Silk Road. It wasn’t just silk that was traded. People also shared ideas, food, and different ways of life. 4 5 It’s not just for clothes any more. Artists use silk to create beautiful paintings because it is perfect for showing different colors. Kites made of silk can fly higher in the sky. Silk is always warmly received around the world. Wherever it goes, silk brings the charm of Chinese culture and shows the wisdom of the ancient Chinese people. A．At the same time, it is light and soft. B．As a result, it was no longer just for rich people. C．Today, silk can be used for many kinds of things. D．Things made of silk were too expensive for most people to buy. E．The Silk Road connected China with the rest of the world, making the world smaller. F．Then Lei Zu taught her people how to raise silkworms and how to get silk from the cocoons. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏连云港东海县·期末)阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。 The oil paper umbrella is a traditional Chinese handicraft. It has a history of over 1,000 years in China. In the Tang Dynasty, it was introduced to Japan, where it was called the “Tang Umbrella”. 1 In Vietnam, Thailand and Laos, it has developed into different styles. However, the handmade oil paper umbrellas became less used in daily life. 2 People there make umbrellas from skin paper (皮纸), bamboo and a coating of tung oil (桐油). It needs more than 70 steps to make an oil paper umbrella. Making bamboo ribs, pasting paper (糊纸) and painting patterns are the most important. 3 A young man called Liu Weixue learned the traditional art of making Yuhang oil paper umbrellas from his grandfather. “I want to bring the art to life,” Liu said. 4 As the traditional paper was easy to break, he started using a kind of thicker paper. In a test, his umbrellas were opened and closed 1,000 times without breaking. He also used special bamboo to make the umbrellas lighter. 5 He goes to local schools to teach students. He also goes to events in different places to promote (推广) the art. A．Now Liu hopes the art can be passed on. B．They were turned into decorative artworks. C．It takes at least a week to make an umbrella. D．Many students are good at making Liu’s umbrellas. E．Later oil paper umbrellas spread to other Asian countries. F．He improved the umbrellas to win the hearts of young people. G．Yuhang has been famous for oil paper umbrellas for more than 250 years. 主题04 人与自我——健康与运动 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏连云港海州区·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。 Physical literacy (体育素养) is about our ability to be active, which is good for both our minds and bodies. For younger kids, adults can be important for helping them develop physical literacy. 1 Offering many types of activities Taking part in activities like running, jumping, throwing, catching and kicking is important for physical literacy. 2 This variety helps people become skilled in plenty of movements and helps them develop how they think and feel about movement. 3 Activity clubs should use games and activities that are interesting and enjoyable for young people. Fun activities make kids want to take part and learn new skills. Adults should make sure that all young people feel relaxed and have a voice, choice, and the chance to develop. Taking things step by step 4 Providing clear instructions, examples, and allowing young people to explore movement helps kids learn and develop as fast or as slow as they can. Providing active feedback (反馈) It is important for adults to realize young people’s improvements. When adults point out what young people are doing well and how they can improve, it builds confidence. 5 Simple sentences like “well done” often make kids’ bodies and minds feel good. A．Everyone can take part B．Taking part and having fun C．Here’s how your parents, teachers, and coaches can help. D．Young people should get the chance to work well with others. E．This should be in different types of sports and also in different environments. F．When kids feel confident in an activity, they are more likely to keep taking part. G．Adults should break hard skills down into smaller steps for young people to learn. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通启东市·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Now, more and more people walk to keep healthy. Do you know why? 1 Walking makes your heart strong. If you walk more, you can make your heart stronger. A 30-minute walk every day helps you to stay away from high blood pressure (高血压). 2 If you walk two miles an hour, you will burn (燃烧) about seventy-five calories of heat. When you walk three miles an hour, you will burn about ninety-nine calories. So it’s really a good way to keep thin. Walking helps old people not forget things easily. If old people can walk six miles or more every week, they will be able to remember things more easily and better. Walking in the sun helps you get enough Vitamin (维生素) D． 3 Taking a walk is a perfect way for you to do sports and get enough Vitamin D at the same time. Walking gives you energy. Walking makes you become stronger and have enough energy. 4 Walking makes you relaxed. Walking makes you feel good and peaceful. You can feel less worried and more relaxed if you often go walking. 5 Keep on walking, and you can get stronger, get in better shape, full of more energy and above all become healthier. A．So why not have a try now? B．Walking helps you become thin. C．Here are some important reasons. D．But some people dislike going walking. E．We all need to get enough Vitamin D to keep healthy. F．To get more energy, you can walk during your spare time. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁泗洪县·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What are PE lessons like in your country? 1 Yuan Ningfei, 16, the UK At my school, sports can be relaxed. You don’t have to go to a 40-minute class each week. Instead, we get to pick when we want to play sports. 2 So everyone can find their favourite sports. Our school has many amazing activities. We can take lessons in swimming, rock climbing, dancing and so on. Niu Hanliang, 15, the US In my school, every afternoon from 3: 30 to 5 pm is PE time. In PE classes, students usually just do some exercise, such as running or weight lifting (举重) in the gym, or playing. However, people in the US love sports a lot. 3 Every school has sports teams, for example, American football, baseball, basketball, tennis, and much more. Emilia Jovic, 16, Serbia In Serbia, our school classes include two hours of PE per week. Each part lasts 50 minutes. During these classes, we start with 10 minutes of running, then we play different sports like soccer, basketball, volleyball, or badminton. Many students at my school love physical activities very much. 4 Each training lasts two hours. Different countries has different PE lessons. Most of the students like it very much. 5 Do you think so? A．They also join after-school clubs to get training five times each week. B．There are many interesting outdoor activities. C．Some students from all over the world tell something about their PE classes. D．Sports team training is another way of PE. E．There are also a great number of sports to choose from. F．All the students don't have exams for sports. G．Doing sports is a great way to stay active and improve our health. 主题01 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏盐城建湖县·期末)阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Animals are amazing travellers. 1 This is called migration (迁徙). Monarch butterflies (黑脉金斑蝶) are one of the most amazing animal travellers. 2 The autumn migration Across North America, monarch butterflies migrate in autumn. This is their first journey. Some of them fly to California, while about 300 million spend the winter in Mexico. 3 Many butterflies are eaten by birds, some butterflies are killed by cars when flying across highways, and others die in storms. Many monarch butterfly watchers help to record the migration. 4 For example, monarch butterflies may travel over 3,200 kilometres on their journey. They travel about 50 kilometres a day, at speeds of about 12 kilometres per hour. The spring migration 5 This is their second journey. On the way back north, the butterflies lay eggs (产卵), and then they die. The eggs soon turn into butterflies and travel north. But, this generation (代) may not make it either. Sometimes it can take three or four generations of butterflies to make it back to other parts of North America. A．Monarch butterflies fly north in spring. B．They make two huge journeys each year. C．Scientists want to know why animals migrate. D．During the journey, monarch butterflies face many dangers. E．The watchers find some amazing facts about these butterflies. F．Some animals leave one place and travel to another place during the year. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏苏州立达中学·期末)请认真阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever traveled somewhere without noticing the route (路线) you took or the people you passed? 1 If your answer is yes, it’s time to try mindfulness. Mindfulness is about training the mind to be in the present moment. 2 It is not what has already happened or what might happen next. It is about noticing our thoughts, feelings and things around us. Research has shown that mindfulness can improve our concentration (专注), relationships and mental health. Paying more attention to the present can help us enjoy the world around us. 3 According to the Mindfulness Research Centre of Oxford University, mindfulness can also teach us to deal with stress more easily. Michael Bready, who set up the organization Youth Mindfulness, has taught mindfulness to thousands of young people. 4 *Be curious about things. If you are curious and really pay attention, you can enjoy what the world offers. *Be kind to yourself. Mindfulness takes practice. Sometimes it can feel relaxing but other times it can be difficult and boring. * 5 When you’re going to bed at night, pay attention to something that helps you feel peaceful. It can be your breath or other sounds. *Be happy. You can add some happiness by being mind mindful when you enjoy something. For example, if you are eating a sweet, close your eyes and really taste it! A．Be peaceful in life. B．Be active in sports. C．Here are some of his top tips to readers. D．You should pay attention to what is happening now. E．It encourages us to thank things we think they should be. F．Have you ever finished your meal noticing its rich tastes nicely? G．Have you ever finished your breakfast fast without noticing what it tasted like? Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏南通海安市·期末)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Some dogs have so many toys that it can be difficult for their owners to follow them. There is something special about dogs that might surprise you. According to research, some of our four-legged friends have the ability to remember the names of their toys. 1 The research involved five dogs. Researchers firstly taught the dogs the names of 12 new toys. After a month, researchers tested the dogs to see if they could remember the names. 2 For the new study, each owner took the toys out of hiding. Then they put them on the floor with some other toys. The researchers watched with cameras while the owners said the names of the earlier hidden toys and asked the dogs to get them. 3 Some of the dogs could get the right toy about 60% of the time. If the dogs forgot the names of their toys, researchers would believe that they could make the right choices 20.4% of the time—clearly by chance. 4 Lead researcher Shany Dror told reporters that the study showed that the dogs kept the names of their toys in their two-year memory. The research team said, “While some dogs can learn the names of objects, it still isn’t clear why others cannot.” Dror said these dogs often had kind owners. 5 “If you spend more time with your dog, you will get more back from your kindness,” she said. A．They spent a lot of time with them. B．They are too busy to stay with their dogs. C．The owners then put the toys away for two years. D．The dogs usually got the right toy 44% of the time. E．They can remember even those they saw a long time ago. F．The smartest dogs could remember as many as nine, of the old toys. 主题02 人与自我——方法/策略 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏苏州工业园区·期末)根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将选项填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hosting a second-hand sale is a great way to raise money for charity. 1 Here are some useful tips. ● Choose the date and place. 2 Think about hosting it in a busy area, such as a popular park or an open space near a shopping center. Call the venue manager (场地管理人员) to make sure that a charity sale is allowed. ● 3 Invite friends, family and neighbors to donate items they no longer need. ● Organize and price the items. Separate them into a few groups, like clothing, shoes, toys, books, etc. Do some research (调查) online and at local second-hand stores to see how similar items are priced. 4 Put a price tag on each item. ● Prepare other things. 5 Also, make banners (横幅) or signs to help direct people to the sale. ● Promote (促进) the sale. Spread the word by using social media (社交媒体) and handing out leaflets. A．Collect items for sale. B．Ask your parents to join in the sale. C．Set fair prices to help sell things. D．Books are popular on the second-hand market. E．But these sales need careful planning and preparation. F．Get picnic blankets or tables to display the items on the day of the sale. G．Try to hold your sale on a weekend when more people are free to shop. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏南京秦淮七校·期末)阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。并将选项填写在答题卷相应位置上。 Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide guests (客人) with things like disposable (一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers. 1 But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. 2 Many disposable things are made of plastic (塑料). People throw them away after only using them once. 3 Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400 kg of waste a year! Most of that waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. So the less plastic we throw out, the better. 4 Back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Try to do these things in your daily life: Use cloth shopping bags. Not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. 5 Do not use paper cups. At your school lining room, use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones. To protect our environment and our home, it is very necessary and important for us to save natural resources. A．It is a waste of natural resources and is very bad for the environment. B．Many guests like the idea because they don’t have to bring their own. C．Here are some ideas for you to live a green life. D．They want to ask people to use disposable things less. E．Then you can use it over and over again. F．So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again. G．What should we do to save the earth? Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏盐城亭湖区·期末)阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、结构完整。其中一个是多余的选项。 Friends are the ones who we walk through life together. If we share our ups and downs, pains and joys with our friends, we will get more happiness and less sadness. 1 Be friendly to others. 2 You should try to make a stranger feel at home whenever he happens to be. That is the first step of making friends. Be yourself. 3 Just be yourself. You can meet real friends when you are who you are. The truest friendship is built with both accepting each other for who they are. 4 This connection (联系) between you and the other one can only begin when your heart is open. You can’t form any new connection if you don’t trust others. It’ll send the wrong information and cause them to close off their hearts to you, too. Be there for them. A friendship is a union that supports two people. 5 When you help your friends, you should help unconditionally (无条件地). The satisfaction you get from helping others is greater than anything you can get in return. A．Be a humorous friend. B．Don’t change yourself to make new friends. C．Here are some ways to make new friends. D．Open your heart. E．Smile at others and you will be sure to get a smile in return. F．Give support to your friends as possible as you can. 主题03 人与自我——意见/建议 Passage 1 (24-25八年级下·江苏镇江句容市·期末)阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。 Since everyone likes to be around people with good manners, one can never learn too much about manners. Here are some rules that may help you become a more polite person. In public, it is kind to hold the door open for others, especially when you see someone with arms full or who might have difficulty getting in. Never allow a door to shut heavily on anyone following you. But avoid holding a door open when someone is a bit far away. 1 Be kind to people who work for you, such as waiters, shopkeepers and postmen. It is kind to smile and say “thank you” to them when they are easily forgotten by most people. They work hard so that we can enjoy our lives. 2 Take off your headphones (耳机) before you speak to someone. At the end of a phone call with people older than you, it’s proper to make sure they end the phone call first. 3 Loud noise is always unwelcome and may even cause fights. 4 Hear them out before expressing your own opinion. Allow them to voice their opinions, even when you don’t agree with them. Use your communication skills instead of raising your voice to express yourself. Also, when you are in a group conversation, make eye contact with others. This shows that you are paying attention. Try to share the “talking time” fairly. 5 And if you need to leave the conversation briefly (简短地), excuse yourself politely. A．Don’t cut in on people when they talk. B．This might cause them to hurry up to the door. C．It’s important to let them know their work is seen by us. D．Always remember to use words instead of fights to work out problems. E．It’s wise to get to the meeting room 15 minutes before the meeting starts. F．When in public, don’t play music or videos loudly on your mobile phones. G．Don’t always be the one who talks the most, but also make sure you get a chance to share your ideas. Passage 2 (24-25八年级下·江苏宿迁宿豫区·期末)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some people seem to be born happy. Nothing seems to get them down. However, some people seem to have everything going well but they still do not seem to be happy. 1 ◆Listen to music Music is good for people. 2 Light music can help us relax; some pop music can make us feel happy. You can listen to it, or take up playing an instrument in your spare time. ◆Have a pet You may not have a pet of your own, but pets are so good at making people happy. 3 Some pets are lovely and some need exercise, which is helpful to you, too. ◆Stay fit and healthy Try to keep fit and healthy by exercising every day. 4 The great thing about exercise is that it helps release (释放) chemicals and these chemicals make you feel happy! 5 Often it is the small things that make people happy. Being kind and smiling at people in your daily life can make others happy, and at the same time, it will also build happiness for you. A．Be kind and smile B．Be active and happy C．Exercise can keep you happy. D．There are different kinds of it. E．Many reasons can explain why people like to have pets. F．One thing is for sure that money cannot make a person happy. G．No matter who you are, you can build happiness by doing the following things. Passage 3 (24-25八年级下·江苏苏州吴中、吴江、相城区·期末)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Hello, I hope you love gardening but don’t you have a yard? If that’s the case, consider container gardening (容器园艺). You can grow plants in pots and containers rather than in the ground. It is a great way to grow flowers, vegetables, fruit trees and more. 1 To begin with, you don’t need much space. 2 In fact, a sunny indoor space, away into a kitchen windowsill (窗台) is perfect for a few small plants. If they’re not too big or heavy, containers are portable (便携式的). This allows you to move your plants inside if necessary. Or you can move your plants into the shade on hot days. 3 With containers, you’re almost certain to fill them with rich soil. Here’s an important tip. 4 So, it’s best to place them where you want them to be before filling them. Almost anything can be used as a container, such as wooden boxes or old boots. 5 Just be sure there are holes in the bottom of your containers for proper drainage (排水). A nice container garden will show off your gardening skills and your creativity. A．There are a great number of things that can be used. B．Use the following tips to help you choose the plants. C．There are lots of good things about this way of gardening. D．Large containers can get heavy once they’ve been filled. E．Popular plants for containers include flowers and grasses. F．Containers allow you to place your plants wherever they’ll grow best. G．A balcony or any other outdoor area that receives direct sunlight will work. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $