Unit 2 Learning about trade and economy 重点词汇归纳 清单-2025-2026学年高中英语沪外版选择性必修第四册

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了Unit 2的18个核心词汇。从基础词义、词性辨析出发，延伸至固定搭配、情境化例句及词形转换，构建从词汇理解到实际运用的递进式学习支架。 知识链路按词汇功能分类呈现，突出搭配与语境的深度结合，通过典型例句强化语言运用能力，词形转换模块培养构词思维。资料逻辑清晰，注重学法指导，助力学生系统掌握词汇，提升自主学习效率与语言综合应用能力。

学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 2 · 1. reform 1）v. 改革；（使）改正；改造 reform sb./ oneself 改造某人/改过自新 2）n. 改革；改良 reform and opening up 改革开放 far-reaching reforms 意义深远的变革 · 2. calculate v. 计算；核算；预测 calculate on/ upon sth. 指望/期望某物 We calculate upon your cooperation. be calculated to do sth. 旨在做某事 This advertisement is calculated to appeal to job seekers. It is/ was calculated that… 据估算…；据统计… It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance. [词形转换] 1）calculation n. 计算；推测 2）calculator n. 计算器 · 3. exchange 1）v. 交换；兑换 exchange A for B 用A换取B You can exchange your pounds for dollars in the hotel. exchange sth. with sb. 和某人交换/交流某事 I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager. 2）n. 交换；兑换 in exchange (for…) 作为（对…）的交换 They sold eggs in exchange for salt and tea. · 4. contribution n. 贡献；捐款；稿件；捐赠；捐助 make a contribution/ contributions to… 对…做出贡献 Yuan Longping made a great contribution to the development of agriculture. [词形转换] 1）contribute v. 捐献，捐助；撰稿；增加，，添加；是…的原因之一 contribute…to… 把…捐给…；撰写…给…；将…添加到… Mr. Smith contributed his life to his teaching career. contribute to 促成；导致；有助于；为…做贡献；为…捐款；给…撰稿 They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy. · 5. approach 1）n.（待人接物或思考、处理问题的）方法，方式，态度；（距离或时间上的）靠近；接洽 the/ an approach to (doing) sth. 做某事的方式 The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline. (at) the approach of sth.（在）某事来临的时候 2）v. ①（在距离或时间上）接近；接洽 Winter is approaching. ② 着手处理，对付 One of the best ways of approaching the traffic problems is to encourage people to take public transport. · 6. recovery n. 恢复，痊愈 make a (full) recovery（完全）康复 [词形转换] 1）recover v. ① 恢复，康复 recover from… How can Linda recover from her illness in this room that is so dirty and dusty. ② 重新控制；找回 Police have recovered the stolen car in a short time. · 7. pace 1）n. 速度；步伐；节奏 keep pace with… 与…并驾齐驱/步伐一致 We must keep pace with the new development of modern scientific researches. at a… pace 以…的速度 2）v. 来回踱步，走来走去；步测；调整节奏 As they waited, Kravis paced the room nervously. · 8. consumption n.（能量、食物或材料的）消耗，消耗量；消费 [词形转换] 1）consumer n. 消费者；顾客 2）consume v. 消耗；吃；喝；饮 The electricity industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuels. be consumed with 充满（强烈的感情） Johnson was consumed with curiosity, so he turned on the new computer without his father’s permission. · 9. investment n. 投资；投入 make an investment in 对…进行投资 I have actually made investment in my health by taking exercise every day. [词形转换] 1）invest v. 投资 2）investor n. 投资人 · 10. release 1）v. ① 排放，释放 release sb. from 从…释放某人 It took firefighters two hours to release the man from the ruins. ② 放开；松开；放飞 He released the handbrake and the car jumped forward. ③ 免除，解除；解雇 The club is releasing some of its older players. ④ 发行；发布 The band’s latest album will be released next week. 2）n. 释放；发布 the release of sth. into… 某物向…的排放 · 11. effect n. 影响；结果；效果 have a great effect on… The family environment has an effect on the shaping of children’s characters. have no effect on… come into effect 生效，开始实施 The new law has come into effect, and the number of wild animals here is on the increase now. take effect 生效，开始起作用 The law first came into being in 2010, and it still takes effect today. bring/ put sth. into effect 实行，实施，使…生效 in effect 事实上，实际上 side effects 副作用 [词形转换] 1）effective adj. 有效的 2）ineffective adj. 无效的 · 12. emerge v. 浮现；暴露 emerge from 幸存下来；从…中出现 The sun emerged from behind the clouds in all its glory. [词形转换] 1）emergency n. 紧急情况；突发事件 in an emergency 在紧急情况下 · 13. represent 1）v. 代表；象征 The competition attracted over 500 competitors representing 8 different countries. 2）v. 展示，描绘 represent…as… 把…描绘成… The article represents the millionaire as a simple family man. 3）linking verb 等于，相当于，意味着 This treatment represents a significant advance in the field of cancer research. [词形转换] 1）representation n. 表现，描述；代表 2）representative n. 代表；典型人物 adj. 典型的，有代表性的 be representative of… (= be typical of…) 是…的典型代表 · 14. sustain vt. 维持（生命、生存）；遭受；支撑 [词形转换] 1）sustainable adj. 可持续的 sustainable development 可持续发展 · 15. absorb v. 吸收；吸引，使全神贯注；使并入；理解 In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. be/ get absorbed in 全神贯注于 Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. be absorbed into… 被纳入/并入/吸收 The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city. [词形转换] 1）absorption n. 吸收；并入；全神贯注 · 16. stimulate vt. 激发；促进；刺激 stimulate sb. to do sth. 激发某人做某事 Good teachers should ask questions that stimulate students to think. be stimulated by… 被…激励 stimulate one’s interest in 激发某人在某方面的兴趣 [词形转换] 1）stimulating adj. 激励人的；振奋人心的 2）stimulation n. 刺激 · 17. apologize v. 道歉 apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因（做了）某事向某人道歉 He had realized it’s natural to pay off debts, so he apologized for what he had done. [词形转换] 1）apology n. 道歉 make/ offer an apology to sb. (for…) = offer/ give sb. an apology (for…)（因…）向某人道歉 · 18. scene n. 1）（戏剧或歌剧的）场；（电影、戏剧等的）场面，片段，镜头 On seeing the funny scene, the audience all burst into laughter. 2）（尤指不愉快事件发生的）地点，现场 Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue. on the scene 在场；出现 I feel honored to be on the scene while all this is happening. 3）景象，景色，风光 In spring the scene on the top of the hill is so attractive that it is beyond words. 4）场面，情景 By the time I arrived on the scene, it was all over. make a scene 大吵大闹 [易混辨析] scene/ sight/ view/ scenery/ landscape 易混词 区别 scene 指展现在眼前的情景，也可指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内 sight 指眼睛所看到的景象，可以指美丽的风景，也可指悲惨的景象；常用复数sights表示名胜古迹、人文景观 view 表示视野、眼界，常指从某一固定位置看到的景色 scenery 指一个国家或地区的整体自然风景，不可数名词 landscape 指风景、景色，尤指乡村风景，还可以指风景画 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $