期末复习词汇专练(三)2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

2026-06-14
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摘要:

**基本信息** 聚焦沪教版八年级下册词汇全维度考查,构建“基础拼写-词性转换-词义辨析-短语应用-句型整合”的递进式训练体系,融合解题技巧与知识逻辑,提升语言能力与应试效能。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词拼写|20题|结合首字母/中文提示,强化课标词汇记忆|从基础词汇积累过渡到语境应用,夯实语言能力基础| |词性转换|30题|系统归纳名/动/形/副词转换规则(如volunteer→voluntary)|构建词形变化网络,培养词汇形态思维品质| |词义辨析|15题|对比易混词差异(如alone客观独自/lonely主观孤独)|通过语义辨析深化词汇理解,提升精准表达能力| |短语翻译|20题|固定搭配英汉互译(如suffer from/缓解压力)|强化高频短语积累,构建词汇应用框架| |句型运用|10题|结合语法规则(如It's+adj.+of sb. to do)|词汇与语法融合,提升综合语言运用能力|

内容正文:

沪教版八年级英语下册全册词汇专项测试卷 适用教材:沪教版八年级下册(全 8 单元全覆盖) 考查内容:单词拼写、词性转换、固定搭配、词义辨析、短语翻译、句子运用 考试时长:90 分钟 满分:100 分 命题说明:严格贴合课本所有课标词汇,聚焦八下高频词性转换(名 / 动 / 形 / 副词互换)、易混词辨析、必考固定句型搭配,适配黔东南八下期末 & 中考基础题型。 第一部分 单词拼写(每空 1 分,共 20 分) 根据句意及首字母 / 中文提示,写出单词的正确形式。 1.We should do more v________ work to help people in need. (志愿的) 2.Many old people live a________ but they don’t feel lonely. (独自地) 3.The little boy is s________ from a bad cold these days. (遭受) 4.It is m________ to help the poor children in mountain villages. (有意义的) 5.We must p________ endangered animals to keep nature balanced. (保护) 6.He offered ________ (帮助) me with my English yesterday. 7.The ________ (残疾的) people need more care and love from society. 8.________ (疾病) makes many weak people suffer a lot. 9.Good body language can leave a good ________ (印象) on others. 10.A gentle smile can ________ (缓解) people’s nervous feelings. 11.It is polite to ________ (鼓掌) for excellent performers. 12.The teacher often ________ (强调) the importance of careful study. 13.I ________ (假设) you have finished your homework already. 14.This ________ (传统的) batik art is famous in Qiandongnan. 15.We should show ________ (尊重) to our teachers and elders. 16.Red is a ________ (象征) of luck and happiness in China. 17.The factory will ________ (污染) the river if it works without rules. 18.We need more ________ (志愿者) to join the environmental activity. 19.Everyone has the ________ (能力) to change their life. 20.Warm kindness brings people great ________ (幸福). 第二部分 词性转换专项(每空 1 分,共 30 分) 用所给单词的适当形式填空,掌握核心词性变化(八下必考变形)。 1.volunteer → ________ (adj. 志愿的) 2.suffer → ________ (n. 痛苦;苦难) 3.ill → ________ (n. 疾病) 4.happy → ________ (n. 幸福) → ________ (adj. 不快乐的) 5.able → ________ (n. 能力) → ________ (adj. 残疾的) 6.permit → ________ (n. 许可) 7.express → ________ (n. 表情;表达) 8.pain → ________ (adj. 痛苦的) 9.easy → ________ (adv. 轻松地) → ________ (v. 缓解) 10.serious → ________ (adv. 严重地;严肃地) 11.lonely → ________ (adj./adv. 独自的 / 地) 12.decorate → ________ (n. 装饰;装饰品) 13.fashion → ________ (adj. 时髦的) 14.influence → ________ (adj. 有影响力的) 15.tradition → ________ (adj. 传统的) 16.protect → ________ (n. 保护) 17.pollute → ________ (n. 污染) 18.develop → ________ (n. 发展) 19.differ → ________ (n. 差异;不同) → ________ (adj. 不同的) 20.create → ________ (n. 创造) → ________ (adj. 有创造力的) 21.warm → ________ (n. 温暖) 22.kind → ________ (n. 善良;善意) 23.important → ________ (n. 重要性) 24.possible → ________ (adv. 可能地) → ________ (adj. 不可能的) 25.nature → ________ (adj. 自然的) 第三部分 易混词义辨析填空(每空 1 分,共 15 分) 选用方框内单词的正确形式填空(八下最易混淆核心词) alone / lonely ill / sick protect / preserve afford / offer influence / affect possible / probable 1.He lives ________, but he never feels ________. 2.My mother is ________ in hospital, so I have to look after her. 3.We should ________ our traditional culture and ________ wild animals. 4.He ________ to help me carry the heavy box just now. 5.I can’t ________ such an expensive new bike. 6.Bad weather will ________ our outdoor activity greatly. 7.Parents’ words and behavior greatly ________ children. 8.It is ________ for us to finish the work in one hour, but it is not ________. 第四部分 核心短语英汉互译(每空 1 分,共 20 分) 汉译英(10 分) 1.需要帮助的人 ________________ 2.遭受;患病 ________________ 3.为…… 提供帮助 ________________ 4.有意义的工作 ________________ 5.缓解压力 ________________ 6.给某人留下好印象 ________________ 7.强调…… 的重要性 ________________ 8.保护濒危动物 ________________ 9.传承传统文化 ________________ 10.对…… 产生影响 ________________ 英译汉(10 分) 1.voluntary work ________________ 2.in need ________________ 3.cheer sb. up ________________ 4.take care of ________________ 5.body language ________________ 6.show respect to sb. ________________ 7.environmental protection ________________ 8.make a difference ________________ 9.pass on ________________ 10.be influenced by ________________ 第五部分 单词用法句型运用(每空 1.5 分,共 15 分) 根据单词固定用法完成句子(八下语法 + 搭配必考) 1.It is kind ________ us ________ (help) homeless people.(固定句型) 2.He offered ________ (do) voluntary work in the community.(offer 用法) 3.The little girl is old enough ________ (look) after herself.(enough 用法) 4.We should try our best ________ (protect) endangered animals.(try 用法) 5.Doing sports can ease our ________ (press).(词性用法) 6.Teachers always emphasize the importance of ________ (listen) carefully.(介词后 doing) 7.Many traditional arts ________ (pass) on by local people every year.(被动语态) 8.Small actions can make a big ________ (different).(固定搭配) 9.Helping others brings us great ________ (happy). 10.I suppose he ________ (join) our volunteer club next week. 参考答案与详细解析 第一部分 单词拼写(20 分) 1.voluntary 2. alone 3. suffering 4. meaningful 5. protect 6.to help 7. disabled 8. Illness 9. impression 10. ease 11.clap 12. emphasizes 13. suppose 14. traditional 15. respect 16.symbol 17. pollute 18. volunteers 19. ability 20. happiness 第二部分 词性转换(30 分) 1.voluntary(adj. 志愿的) 2.suffering(n. 痛苦,苦难) 3.illness(n. 疾病) 4.happiness; unhappy 5.ability; disabled 6.permission 7.expression 8.painful 9.easily; ease 10.seriously 11.alone 12.decoration 13.fashionable 14.influential 15.traditional 16.protection 17.pollution 18.development 19.difference; different 20.creation; creative 21.warmth 22.kindness 23.importance 24.possibly; impossible 25.natural 第三部分 易混词义辨析(15 分) 1.alone; lonely (alone 客观独自,lonely 主观孤独) 2.ill /sick (ill 只作表语,sick 可作定语 / 表语) 3.preserve; protect (preserve 传承保存,protect 保护) 4.offered (offer to do 主动提供) 5.afford (afford sth. 负担得起) 6.affect (affect 侧重短暂影响事物) 7.influence (influence 侧重长期潜移默化影响人) 8.possible; probable (possible 可能性较小,probable 可能性较大) 第四部分 核心短语翻译(20 分) 汉译英 1.people in need 2.suffer from 3.offer help to sb. / provide help for sb. 4.meaningful work 5.ease pressure 6.leave a good impression on sb. 7.emphasize the importance of... 8.protect endangered animals 9.pass on traditional culture 10.have an influence on... 英译汉 1.志愿工作 2.需要帮助的;处于困境的 3.使某人振作起来 4.照顾;照料 5.肢体语言 6.尊重某人 7.环境保护 8.起作用;有影响 9.传递;传承 10.被…… 影响 第五部分 单词用法句型运用(15 分) 1.of; to help 【解析】It’s + adj.(品质) + of sb. to do sth. 2.to do 【解析】offer to do sth. 主动做某事 3.to look 【解析】adj. + enough to do sth. 足够…… 做某事 4.to protect 【解析】try one’s best to do sth. 尽最大努力做某事 5.pressure 【解析】press 动词,pressure 名词,压力 6.listening 【解析】of 为介词,后接动名词 7.are passed 【解析】一般现在时被动语态 8.difference 【解析】make a difference 固定搭配:有影响,起作用 9.happiness 【解析】great 后接名词 10.will join 【解析】next week 为一般将来时标志 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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期末复习词汇专练(三)2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册
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