内容正文:
2025-2026学年沪教版七年级下册英语 Unit1
期末知识清单
一、单元核心词汇清单
1.四会单词(音标+词性+释义+教材原生搭配+词形变形)
①around /əˈraʊnd/ prep. 在……周围;adv. 到处,大约|搭配:people around us 我们身边的人|变形:无变形
②retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/ v. 退休|搭配:retire from work 离职退休|变形:过去式/过去分词retired;现在分词retiring
③patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ adj. 有耐心的|搭配:be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心|变形:名词patience(耐心);副词patiently
④cheerful /ˈtʃɪəfl/ adj. 开朗的,快乐的|搭配:a cheerful lady 开朗的女士|变形:副词cheerfully;名词cheer
⑤medical /ˈmedɪkl/ adj. 医疗的|搭配:medical problems 健康问题|变形:名词medicine(药物)
⑥cook /kʊk/ n. 厨师 v. 烹饪|搭配:cook dishes 做菜|变形:名词cooking(烹饪)
⑦smart /smɑːt/ adj. 聪慧的|搭配:a smart teacher 聪慧的老师|变形:副词smartly
⑧encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励|搭配:encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事|变形:名词encouragement
⑨strict /strɪkt/ adj. 严格的|搭配:be strict about schoolwork 对学业严格|变形:副词strictly
⑩support /səˈpɔːt/ n.&v. 支持|搭配:give sb. support 给予某人支持|变形:形容词supportive
⑪successful /səkˈsesfl/ adj. 成功的|搭配:be successful 取得成功|变形:名词success;动词succeed;副词successfully
⑫relative /ˈrelətɪv/ n. 亲戚|搭配:visit relatives 拜访亲戚|变形:复数relatives
⑬residence /ˈrezɪdəns/ n. 居住地|搭配:place of residence 居住地点|变形:动词reside
⑭musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/ n. 音乐家|搭配:a violin musician 小提琴音乐家|变形:名词music;形容词musical
⑮narrow /ˈnærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的|搭配:a narrow plank 窄木板|变形:副词narrowly
⑯sociable /ˈsəʊʃəbl/ adj. 善于交际的|搭配:a sociable girl 外向女生|变形:名词social
2.单元重点短语(释义+改写教材原句+原创仿写句)
1 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事|改写原句:My grandma used to work as a doctor.|仿写:I used to walk to school.
2 stay healthy 保持健康|改写原句:Grandma gives old people tips to stay healthy.|仿写:We need exercise to stay healthy.
3 take good care of 悉心照顾|改写原句:Grandma takes good care of her family.|仿写:My sister takes good care of my pet cat.
4 keep one’s attention 吸引某人注意力|改写原句:Mr Li keeps students’ attention in class.|仿写:Funny stories keep kids’ attention easily.
5 work out 算出;解决|改写原句:Students work out difficult maths problems.|仿写:I can work out this English question.
6 never give up 永不放弃|改写原句:Mr Li tells students never to give up.|仿写:Never give up when you meet difficulties.
7 look up to 敬佩,仰慕|改写原句:Yuntao looks up to his grandma.|仿写:I look up to my hard-working teacher.
8 pay attention 集中注意力|改写原句:Aixin pays attention in maths class.|仿写:Please pay attention in English class.
9 at the age of 在……岁时|改写原句:Mark played the violin at the age of four.|仿写:I learned swimming at the age of seven.
10 in common 有共同之处|改写原句:Anna and Laura have many things in common.|仿写:We have hobbies in common.
3.单元高频易混词辨析(原创一句话考点区分)
(1)patient adj. 有耐心的 VS patient n. 病人|考点区分:形容词修饰人的性格,名词指代就医病患,词性词义完全不同。
(2)be strict about VS be strict with|考点区分:be strict about+事物(学业、规则);be strict with+人(对某人严格),介词搭配为期末默写必考。
(3)person VS people|考点区分:person单数,特指单个人;people复数集合名词,泛指一群人,不可直接加s变形。
二、单元核心句型清单
1.人物评价句型【期末必考点】
① 句型结构:I think sb. is/are+形容词.
|中文释义:我认为某人具备某种性格品质
|使用场景:口语写作评价身边亲友、老师
|改写教材例句:I think my parents are important and kind.
|原创仿写:I think my deskmate is helpful.
2.used to 过去状态句型【中考常考】
② 句型结构:Sb. used to be/do sth.
|中文释义:某人过去曾经是/做某事(现在已改变)
|使用场景:描述人物过往职业、习惯
|改写教材例句:Grandma used to be a doctor.
|原创仿写:He used to be shy.
3.鼓励类名言句型【期末必考点】
③ 句型结构:Never give up, and you’ll be successful.
|中文释义:永不放弃,你终将成功
|使用场景:写作结尾励志金句、单项选择情景交际
|改写教材例句:Mr Li often says this sentence to students.
|原创仿写:Never give up, and you can make progress.
4.动词固定搭配句型【期末必考点】
④ 句型结构:encourage sb. to do sth.
|中文释义:鼓励某人做某事
|使用场景:句型转换、语法填空固定搭配
|改写教材例句:Father encourages me to study hard.
|原创仿写:My teacher encourages me to read more books.
5.定冠词特指描述句型【中考常考】
⑤ 句型结构:The+修饰词+名词+后置定语
|中文释义:这位……的某人
|使用场景:阅读描述人物、语法冠词填空
|改写教材例句:The tall man in black suit is my cousin.
|原创仿写:The girl with long hair is my classmate.
三、单元核心语法清单(定冠词the)
1.语法定义
the为定冠词,特指、识别特定的人或事物,区别于泛指的不定冠词a/an,为本单元唯一语法考点。
2.标准句式结构
①a/an+单数名词(首次泛指提及)→ the+该名词(二次特指提及)
②The+名词+定语(介词短语/分词),特指限定人群事物
③play+the+乐器名词;play+球类/运动名词(零冠词)
④the+独一无二自然事物名词
3.考场四大使用规则
规则1:二次提及用the
|例句:I have a photo. The photo has my relatives.
|得分解析:第一次用a泛指一张照片,第二次特指前文照片用the。
规则2:限定修饰用the
|例句:The lady with short hair is Aunt Mary.
|得分解析:介词短语限定人物,属于特指,必须加the。
规则3:乐器加the、运动零冠词
|例句:He plays the violin. He plays volleyball.
|得分解析:乐器必须搭配the,球类运动直接使用动词play。
规则4:独有事物必加the
|例句:the Sun, the Earth, the world
|得分解析:世间独一无二事物,固定搭配定冠词the。
4.原创易错避雷提醒
避雷1:不可混用play the football,球类直接写play football;
避雷2:首次出现单数名词,禁止直接用the,必须先用a/an;
避雷3:形容词单独使用不加the,只有“形容词+名词”特指结构才可加the。
四、单元重点知识梳理(期末短时背诵提纲)
1. 单元话题:描述身边重要的人(家人、老师、邻居、亲戚),说明人物性格、行为、对自己的意义。
2. 人物性格必背形容词:kind、patient、cheerful、smart、supportive、sociable、strict、helpful。
3. 单元四大核心动词搭配:encourage sb. to do、take good care of、give up、pay attention。
4. used to核心考点:只描述过去状态,暗含现在发生改变,否定形式did not use to。
5. 写作固定框架:标题→人物身份→外貌性格→日常行为→对你的影响→个人评价。
6. 语音考点:三组元音辨析 /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/,期末听力辨音必考。
7. 文化考点:父亲节为六月第三个周日,父亲形象双向认知:平凡辛苦、内心伟大。
8. 跨学科考点:社交圈层三层划分:亲密圈层、熟悉圈层、普通社交圈层。
五、单元易错知识汇总(词汇+句型+语法分类错题)
1.词汇类易错
易错①:give up后误用to do|错因:误以为后接不定式|正确用法:give up doing sth.放弃做某事|避坑口诀:放弃做事doing,绝不搭配to do。
易错②:retired词性混淆|错因:混淆动词原形和形容词|正确用法:retire动词退休;retired形容词已退休的|避坑口诀:原形表动作,ed表状态。
2.句型类易错
易错③:used to否定写错|错因:自行加be动词|正确用法:did not use to do(无be)|避坑口诀:used否定找did,后面动词还原形。
易错④:be strict介词混用|错因:人/物介词不分|正确用法:be strict with人;be strict about物|避坑口诀:对人with,对事about。
3.语法类易错
易错⑤:冠词混用|错因:球类乐器冠词混淆|正确用法:乐器加the,球类不加the|避坑口诀:乐器戴帽子the,球类光头不加词。
易错⑥:独有名词漏写the|错因:遗忘自然天体加the|正确用法:the Sun/the Moon固定搭配|避坑口诀:独一无二,前面必加the。
六、单元高频考点清单(按期末统考频次分级)
1.必考点(期末卷面分值占比65%,每题必考)
1 定冠词the四大用法(单选、语法填空、句型转换必考)
2 used to do句型句式转换、仿写
3 be patient with、encourage sb. to do、give up短语默写运用
4 人物性格形容词词义辨析、词形转换
5 Never give up, and you’ll be successful. 句型默写
2.常考点(期末卷面分值占比25%,大概率出题)
1 单元语音/ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/辨音选择题
2 take good care of同义替换look after
3 阅读细节:两位学生笔下奶奶、李老师人物信息匹配
4 社交圈层阅读理解简答、信息填空
5 Father’s Day文化常识单选
3.了解点(期末低频出题,识记即可)
1 narrow、residence冷门单词词义识记
2 诗歌My dad文本细节理解
3 单元制作人物相册项目活动流程识记
七、单元配套巩固小练习
一、词汇运用(用所给词适当形式填空)
1.My grandma is ________ (cheer) every day.
2.Mr Li always encourages us ________ (keep) trying.
3.My uncle ________ (retire) two years ago.
4.We should be ________ (patience) with young kids.
5.Never give up, and you will be ________ (success).
二、句型转换(每空一词)
1. She used to be a nurse.(改为否定句)
She ________ ________ to be a nurse.
2. The boy plays the guitar well.(划线提问)
________ plays the guitar well?
3. My father takes good care of me.(同义改写)
My father ________ ________ me well.
三、单项选择
1. I often play ______ basketball after school, and I can also play ______ piano well.
A. /; the B. the; / C. the; the
2. My head teacher is strict ______ our daily homework rules.
A. with B. about C. on
3. —What is your grandma like? —______
A. She cooks nice food. B. She is patient and cheerful.
C. She worked in a hospital.
★原创参考答案+每题精简考点解析
(1) 词汇运用答案
1. cheerful 考点:形容词作表语,性格词形转换
2. to keep 考点:固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.
3. retired 考点:一般过去时,retire过去式变形
4. patient 考点:固定搭配be patient with sb.
5. successful 考点:be动词后接形容词作表语
(2) 句型转换答案
1. didn’t use 考点:used to否定句式转换
2. Who 考点:the特指人物,who对人提问
3. looks after 考点:take good care of同义短语替换
(3) 单项选择答案
1. A 考点:冠词用法,球类零冠词、乐器必加the
2. B 考点:be strict about+事物规则;be strict with+人,介词辨析期末高频
3. B 考点:What be sb. like专问性格;What does sb. do问职业、What does sb. like问爱好,易混情景交际必考
八、文字版单元思维导图
单元总主题:People around us(身边重要的人)
1. 核心词汇分支
→ 人物性格词:kind/patient/cheerful/smart/strict
→ 动作动词:retire/encourage/support/cook
→ 易混辨析:be strict with/about、used to词义、person/people
2. 核心短语分支
→ 行为类:take good care of、give up、pay attention
→ 固定搭配:used to do、encourage sb. to do、stay healthy
3. 核心句型分支
→ 性格评价句型+过去状态句型+励志金句+冠词特指句型
4. 核心语法分支
→ 定冠词the四大用法+冠词易错避雷
5. 期末考点分支
→ 必考点:冠词、used to、短语搭配
→ 常考点:阅读人物信息、语音辨音、文化常识
→ 写作考点:描写身边人物作文固定模板
6. 应试闭环:记词汇→背短语→用句型→懂语法→刷易错→稳得分
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