Unit 8 Section B 1a-1e课后分层作业+知识清单2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit8 SectionB新授课同步练，以“词汇-语法-应用”三级分层设计，通过基础检测与语境应用结合，系统巩固核心知识点，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础巩固|核心词汇拼写（如lady, bark）|首字母提示强化记忆，8题聚焦必背词汇| |能力提升|词性转换与语法（如success→successful）|词形变化训练语法规则，5题衔接词性拓展| |综合应用|语法应用与语境理解（如ever since结构）|单选结合志愿者话题，5题实现语法与语篇融合|

Unit8 Making a Difference(原卷版) Section B How does helping others make a difference? 第四课时(SectionB1a-1e) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.We believed that our ____ (自愿的) work was meaningful and brought warmth to the old people. 2.Shakespeare became a _____ (成功) actor and began to write plays in about 1592. 3. A good actor always tries his best to win the love of the ________ (观众). 4. Bingjie used his good sense of smell to find ________ ['mɪsɪŋ] people. 5. The ________ /ˈvæljuː/ of friendship is priceless. 6.My parents also tell me that I am more open and _____ [ˈwɪlɪŋ] to help than before. 7.We can learn t________ (团队合作) from sports. 8. There are many differences between children and a________ (成年人). 9.We had to teach her how to run, how to play and even how to b_______ (吠叫). 10. Inventions need to be p________ (实践的) and useful in daily life.. 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 will try gentleman miss practice ordinary 1. The volunteer activity is worth _____. It spreads kindness and brings us a lot of warmth. 2.Three ________ are waiting outside the hall. 3.It’s helpful to consider what your life is ______, like creativity or art skills. 4. I think students shоuld lеarn somе ______ skills of sеlf-sаving. 5.Some people feel ____ to give up easily when things go wrong. 6.She is just an _____ girl with a warm heart. 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 小小的善举，便为身边的人带来改变。 Small kind acts can ____ ___ ____ ____ people around us. 2.两年前，他和妈妈报名加入了当地的一家慈善机构。 He and his mum ____ _____ with a local charity organization two years ago. 3.最主要的是，他明白了每一个生命的价值，所以他愿意冒着危险去帮助别人。 ________, he has learnt the ________ of every life, so he ________ rush into danger to help others. 4.这部电影很棒，值得再看一遍。 The movie is so good that it’s ________ ________ again. 5.我们非常感激他们找到了我们！ We were ________ ________ ________ they found us! 6. 我在 2009 年加入了蓝天救援队，从那以后一直是一名志愿者。 I signed up with Blue Sky Rescue in 2009, and I’ve been a ________ ________ ________. 7. 我只是个普通人，但我还是会挺身赴险。 I’m just an ordinary person, but I’ll ________ ________ danger. 8.它也帮助我理解了团队协作的力量。 It also helped me understand the ________ ________ ________· 9.我们在自然灾害之后提供了医疗救助。 We’ve ________ ________ ________ after natural disasters. 10作为一名志愿者，我学到了许多实用的救生技能。 ________ ________ ________ volunteer has taught me many ________ ________ ________. 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 . we thank help organize surprise at get easy when volunteer    1     we volunteer, we play a role in improving others’ lives. At the same time, we are helping     2    . Last summer vacation, I volunteered at an     3     called Cradles to Crayons. It gives away things such as clothes and shoes to children in need. I spent two hours a day     4     choose and pack (打包) things there. I quite liked the work. When     5     there, I met some of the nicest people. They were always happy and ready to help. I enjoyed talking and working with them.     6     the end of each day, the volunteer leader would tell us how many children we helped that day. I was     7     to see how a small act could make a big difference in someone’s life. I only volunteered for a short time each day, but many children got help. I     8     such a strong feeling of satisfaction from this. My volunteer experience at Cradles to Crayons also taught me to be     9     for what I have in life—food, clean water, clothes, family... They are     10     available to us, but for some others, they may be hard to get. We should value (珍惜) them. 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。 ①Is the summer vacation long enough to turn life for the better? Every person has his own talents and interests. Find something you care about, and you will see the difference. ②Organize a clean‑up programme. People often throw litter(垃圾) in the place where there is already litter. This makes the community in a mess. The environment will become better if someone volunteers to help. You could pick up the rubbish with your friends once a week in your neighbourhood. You could also help take care of the plants every few days. Surely, a clean and tidy neighbourhood will be worth the work. ③Show your love to the old. Our city has some old people’s homes. Without children around them, the old people there might feel lonely once in a while. Maybe they need your help. In fact, you can do a lot for them. For example, you can talk with them or play games with them. Listening to them carefully is also a good idea. Some old people can’t see clearly and they would like you to read to them. No matter what small things you do, you can make them feel loved. ④Set up a reading project with your friends. Share your favourite books with them. Besides, you may read aloud to each other and talk about what you read. Either a book or an article can spark a lively(活跃的) discussion and your further thinking. The process often calls for more people to take action. The project is also a good way to welcome newcomers. At the same time, you may find new friends with similar hobbies. ⑤A two‑month summer vacation isn’t long, but it’s enough to make a difference. ()1. How often could you pick up the rubbish according to the passage? A． Once a week. B．Every few weeks. C．Once a month. D．Every few months. ()2. Why do you need to read to some old people at the old people’s homes? A．Because you can think further. B．Because you are good at reading. B． Because they can’t see clearly. D．Because they are away from their homes. ()3. What does the underlined word “spark” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A． Finish. B．Start. C．Waste. D．Depend. ()4. Which is the right structure(结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2…) A． ①②③④/⑤ B．①/②③④⑤ C．①②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③④/⑤ ()5. What is the passage mainly about? A．The people with different interests. B．The greatest time to make a difference. C．The reasons for a different summer vacation. D．The ways of making a summer vacation different. 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）  Volunteеring meаns spеnding somе of yоur freе timе hеlping оthers. Doing vоluntеer wоrk mеans оne verу imрortant thing: Yоu mаke a diffеrеnсe in thе wоrld!     1     Нelрing уоur old neighbours. Whеn реoрlе get older, it beсomеs hаrder to dо many things, frоm walking to the storе to dоing the housework. Оld peoрlе living alоne сan alsо feеl lonеlу.     2     Yоu сould visit them and hеlр them with thеir housewоrk.  Нelрing the disablеd. Мanу рeoplе with disabilities neеd help. Yоu can volunteеr to rеаd books to thе blind or delivеr (递送) something for pеoрlе who саn’t get arоund tоо well.     3     There are lots of volunteer jobs to do in hospitals and health care centres. As a volunteer, you can make beds, deliver flowers and gifts and help serve meals. Hospitals also need volunteers to look after children while their parents are seeing a doctor.  Helping families in need. Some families don’t have enough money to buy food and clothes for their kids.     4     To help these people, as a volunteer, you can give clothes, food or money to, or raise money for, a charity.       5     Sometimes people need more help when holidays come. Holidays are happy, but for the people who are alone or unlucky, they can be a lonely, hard time. As a volunteer, you can deliver holiday dinners to less lucky people, visit the lonely old people and serve food to the homeless.  Lots of people find that they really enjoy volunteering. If everyone helps out a bit, we’ll have a better world to live in! A．As a volunteer, you can do a lot to help the old in your neighbourhood. B．Helping during holidays. C．Doing the hospital work. D．Some people don’t have places to live at all. E．You must have a lot of free time to be a volunteer. F．Here are some ideas for you on how to help others through volunteering. 思维创新 任务型阅读。 When Zhang Wei was a college student, he went to a remote mountain village for a teaching program. The village was poor and the school had only two classrooms. Many children had to walk two hours to get to school. Zhang Wei decided to stay there for two years. At first, the villagers didn’t trust him. They thought a young city boy wouldn’t understand their life. Some parents didn’t send their children to school because they needed them to work on the farm. Zhang Wei visited each family patiently. He explained the importance of education and promised to help with farm work after class. Slowly, the villagers began to trust him. The number of students grew from 15 to 40. Zhang Wei also raised money to buy books and computers for the school. He taught the children not only knowledge but also the value of dreams. Now, Zhang Wei has left the village, but he still keeps in touch with the students. Some of them have gone to college. Zhang Wei says, “The two years changed my life. I learned that true help comes from the heart.” According to the passage, where did Zhang Wei work as a volunteer teacher? (No more than 4 words, 2 points) __________________________________________________ 2-4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. (1 point for 3; 2 points each for 2 & 4) Information Details Reasons 2. Villagers’ attitude at first They ______ him. (No more than 2 words) They doubted the city boy. 3. Some parents refused to send kids to school Kids needed to ______. (No more than 3 words) They had farm work to do. 4. Change of students The number ______ greatly. (No more than 2 words) Other acts of Zhang Wei He raised money for school supplies to ______. (No more than 4 words) He cared about kids’ study and dreams. Villagers trusted Zhang Wei finally. 5. What did Zhang Wei learn from the experience? Use your own words (No more than 15 words). _______________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit8 Making a Difference Section B How does helping others make a difference? 第四课时(SectionB1a-1e)知识清单 1、 重点词汇（必背 + 词性转换） 单词/短语 音标 词性 中文释义 词性转换/拓展 lady /ˈleɪdi/ n. 女士；淑女 ladies（复数形式） gentleman /ˈdʒentlmən/ n. 先生；君子 gentlemen（复数形式）；gentle（adj. 温和的） bark /bɑːk/ v. / n. v.（狗）吠叫；n. 狗叫声 barking（现在分词）；bark at 对…… 吠叫 sign up /saɪn ʌp/ 短语 报名 sign up for 报名参加 ever since /ˈevə sɪns/ 短语 自从；自…… 以后 since（prep./conj. 自从） adult /ˈædʌlt; əˈdʌlt/ n. / adj. n. 成年人；adj. 成年的；成熟的 adulthood（n. 成年期） missing /ˈmɪsɪŋ/ adj. 失踪的；丢失的 miss（v. 想念；错过；丢失）；missing person 失踪人员 practical /ˈpræktɪkl/ adj. 实用的；实际的 practice（n./v. 练习；实践）；practically（adv. 实际地） life-saving /ˈlaɪfˌseɪvɪŋ/ adj. 救命的；救生的 save（v. 拯救；节省）；life saver 救生员；救命的人 / 物 teamwork /ˈtiːmwɜːk/ n. 团队合作 team（n. 团队）；work（v. 工作）；team spirit 团队精神 successful /səkˈsesfl/ adj. 成功的；有成就的 succeed（v. 成功）；success（n. 成功）；successfully（adv. 成功地） most of all /məʊst ɒv ɔːl/ 短语 最主要的是 above all（同义短语，最重要的是） value /ˈvæljuː/ n. / v. n. 重要作用；价值；v. 重视 valuable（adj. 有价值的）；values（n. 价值观） voluntary /ˈvɒləntri/ adj. 自愿的；无偿的 volunteer（n./v. 志愿者；自愿做）；voluntarily（adv. 自愿地） ordinary /ˈɔːdnri/ adj. 平凡的；普通的 ordinarily（adv. 通常；平常）；ordinary people 普通人 worth /wɜːθ/ adj. 值得；有价值 be worth doing 值得做某事；worthy（adj. 值得的，用法：be worthy of） audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ n. 听众；观众 audience member 观众 / 听众成员 willing /ˈwɪlɪŋ/ adj. 乐意的；愿意的 will（n. 意愿；意志）；willingness（n. 意愿）；be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事 2、 重点短语（必背） 1.sign up with Blue Sky Rescue 报名加入蓝天救援队 2.ever since 自从；自…… 以后 3.hear dogs barking 听到狗叫声 4.find help quickly 快速寻求帮助 5.teach children and adults 教儿童和成年人 6.rescue people during emergencies 在紧急情况下救援人员 7.search for missing people 搜寻失踪人员 8.provide medical aid 提供医疗援助 9.after natural disasters 在自然灾害后 10.make a difference 有影响；起作用 11.practical life-saving skills 实用的救生技能 12.the power of teamwork 团队合作的力量 13.the key to successful rescues 成功救援的关键 14.the value of every life 每一条生命的价值 15.go without food or sleep 不吃不睡 16.primary goal 主要目标 17.rush into danger 冲进危险中 18.make everything we do worth it 让我们所做的一切都值得 19.join us as a volunteer 加入我们成为一名志愿者 20.call to action 行动号召 三、重点句型（必背 + 会用） 1. 演讲开头与问候 Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for inviting me to speak to you about Blue Sky Rescue today. 女士们，先生们，感谢你们邀请我今天来给你们讲讲蓝天救援队的事。 2. ever since 引导时间状语从句（主句用现在完成时） I signed up with Blue Sky Rescue in 2009, and I've been a volunteer ever since. 我 2009 年报名加入了蓝天救援队，从那以后我就一直是一名志愿者。 3. 动名词作主语 / 定语 Working as a volunteer has taught me many practical life-saving skills. 作为一名志愿者，我学到了许多实用的救生技能。 4. the key to... （…… 的关键） It has also helped me understand the power of teamwork because it's the key to successful rescues. 这也让我明白了团队合作的力量，因为它是成功救援的关键。 5. 最高级表达：most of all（最主要的是） Most of all, being a volunteer has taught me the value of every life. 最重要的是，作为一名志愿者让我懂得了每一条生命的价值。 6. be willing to do sth.（愿意做某事） To the people we've saved and their loved ones, I know we're their heroes. And that makes everything we do worth it. I'm willing to rush into danger to help others. 对于我们救过的人和他们的亲人来说，我知道我们是他们的英雄。这让我们所做的一切都值得。我愿意冲进危险中帮助别人。 7. 演讲结尾的号召 Will you join us as a volunteer? Together we can make a difference! 你愿意加入我们成为一名志愿者吗？我们一起可以改变世界！ 四、语法点拨 1. 现在完成时 + ever since 结构 ﹡用法：ever since 引导时间状语从句 / 短语，表示 “自从…… 以来”，强调动作从过去持续到现在，主句必须用现在完成时。 ﹡结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + ever since + 过去时间 / 一般过去时从句 ﹡例句： He has lived in this city ever since he was 10 years old. I have loved reading ever since I was a child. 2. 构词法：名词 +动词+ -ing → 形容词 life-saving：life（生命）+ saving（拯救）→ 救命的 拓展：peace-loving（爱好和平的）；time-saving（省时的） 3. 演讲的结构要素 ﹡Hook（钩子 / 开头）：用故事、提问或有趣的事实吸引听众，如文中的个人救援经历。 ﹡Body（主体）：分享经历、学到的东西、面临的困难等。 ﹡Call to action（行动号召）：鼓励听众参与，如结尾邀请大家加入志愿者队伍。 4. worth 的用法 ﹡be worth + 名词：The book is worth 10 yuan.（这本书值 10 元。） ﹡be worth doing sth.（主动形式表被动含义）：The movie is worth watching.（这部电影值得一看。） 注意：worth 后面不能接 to do，只能接动名词。 ﹡五、自我检测小练习 一、根据句意及首字母提示写单词 1.L______ and gentlemen, welcome to our school's English speech contest! 2.The dog always b______ at strangers when they come near the house. 3.My brother is an a______ now, but he still likes to play with toys sometimes. 4.The police are looking for the m______ child everywhere. 5.We learned many p______ skills in the first-aid class, like how to stop bleeding. 6.T______ is very important in the rescue work. No one can do it alone. 7.He has been a volunteer e______ since he left college. 8.The work is difficult and v______, so we don't get paid, but we love it. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.The story about the rescue team is really ______ (success). It moved many people. 2.Working as a volunteer has taught me the ______ (value) of every life. 3.The ______ (audience) clapped loudly when the speaker finished his speech. 4.I am ______ (will) to help others, even if it is dangerous. 5.Teamwork is the key to ______ (save) people in emergencies. 三、单项选择 ( )1. I ______ the club in 2020, and I've been a member ever since. A. join B. joined C. have joined D. will join ( )2. The book is worth . It tells a touching story about volunteers. A. read B. to read C. reading D. reads ( )3. ______ of all, we must remember that teamwork is the most important thing. A. Most B. More C. Much D. Many ( )4. The ______ work saved the hiker's life in the mountains. A. life-save B. life-saving C. save-life D. saving-life ( )5. —Would you like to join us as a volunteer? —. I'd love to help others. A. I'm afraid not B. I'm not sure C. I'm willing to D. I don't think so 自我检测答案 一、单词拼写 1.Ladies 2. barks 3. adult 4. missing 5. practical 6. Teamwork 7. ever 8. voluntary 二、词形填空 1.successful 2. value 3. audience 4. willing 5. saving 三、单项选择 1.B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit8 Making a Difference(解析版) Section B How does helping others make a difference? 第四课时(SectionB1a-1e) 分层作业 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母、音标或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.We believed that our ____ (自愿的) work was meaningful and brought warmth to the old people. 2.Shakespeare became a _____ (成功) actor and began to write plays in about 1592. 3. A good actor always tries his best to win the love of the ________ (观众). 4. Bingjie used his good sense of smell to find ________ ['mɪsɪŋ] people. 5. The ________ /ˈvæljuː/ of friendship is priceless. 6.My parents also tell me that I am more open and _____ [ˈwɪlɪŋ] to help than before. 7.We can learn t________ (团队合作) from sports. 8. There are many differences between children and a________ (成年人). 9.We had to teach her how to run, how to play and even how to b_______ (吠叫). 10. Inventions need to be p________ (实践的) and useful in daily life.. 答案：1.voluntary 2.successful 3.audience 4.missing 5.value 6.willing 7.teamwork 8.adults 9.bark 10.practical 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 will try gentleman miss practice ordinary 1. The volunteer activity is worth _____. It spreads kindness and brings us a lot of warmth. 2.Three ________ are waiting outside the hall. 3.It’s helpful to consider what your life is ______, like creativity or art skills. 4. I think students shоuld lеarn somе ______ skills of sеlf-sаving. 5.Some people feel ____ to give up easily when things go wrong. 6.She is just an _____ girl with a warm heart. 答案：1.trying 2.gentlemen 3.missing 4practical 5.willing 6.ordinary 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 小小的善举，便为身边的人带来改变。 Small kind acts can ____ ___ ____ ____ people around us. 2.两年前，他和妈妈报名加入了当地的一家慈善机构。 He and his mum ____ _____ with a local charity organization two years ago. 3.最主要的是，他明白了每一个生命的价值，所以他愿意冒着危险去帮助别人。 ________, he has learnt the ________ of every life, so he ________ rush into danger to help others. 4.这部电影很棒，值得再看一遍。 The movie is so good that it’s ________ ________ again. 5.我们非常感激他们找到了我们！ We were ________ ________ ________ they found us! 6. 我在 2009 年加入了蓝天救援队，从那以后一直是一名志愿者。 I signed up with Blue Sky Rescue in 2009, and I’ve been a ________ ________ ________. 7. 我只是个普通人，但我还是会挺身赴险。 I’m just an ordinary person, but I’ll ________ ________ danger. 8.它也帮助我理解了团队协作的力量。 It also helped me understand the ________ ________ ________· 9.我们在自然灾害之后提供了医疗救助。 We’ve ________ ________ ________ after natural disasters. 10作为一名志愿者，我学到了许多实用的救生技能。 ________ ________ ________ volunteer has taught me many ________ ________ ________. 答案：1.make a difference to 2.signed up 3.Most of all;value;is willing to 4.worth watching 5.so thankful that 6.volunteer ever since 7.rush into 8.power of teamwork 9.provided medical aid 10.Working as a； practical life-saving skills 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 . we thank help organize surprise at get easy when volunteer    1     we volunteer, we play a role in improving others’ lives. At the same time, we are helping     2    . Last summer vacation, I volunteered at an     3     called Cradles to Crayons. It gives away things such as clothes and shoes to children in need. I spent two hours a day     4     choose and pack (打包) things there. I quite liked the work. When     5     there, I met some of the nicest people. They were always happy and ready to help. I enjoyed talking and working with them.     6     the end of each day, the volunteer leader would tell us how many children we helped that day. I was     7     to see how a small act could make a big difference in someone’s life. I only volunteered for a short time each day, but many children got help. I     8     such a strong feeling of satisfaction from this. My volunteer experience at Cradles to Crayons also taught me to be     9     for what I have in life—food, clean water, clothes, family... They are     10     available to us, but for some others, they may be hard to get. We should value (珍惜) them. 【答案】【小题 1】When【小题 2】ourselves【小题 3】organization【小题 4】helping【小题 5】volunteering【小题 6】At【小题 7】surprised【小题 8】got 【小题 9】thankful【小题 10】easily 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者做志愿者的经历，体会到帮助他人的意义，并学会珍惜与感恩。 【小题 1】句意：当我们做志愿活动时，我们在改善他人生活方面发挥作用。根据 “… we volunteer, we play a role in improving others’ lives.” 和备选词可知，当我们做志愿活动时，我们在改善他人生活方面发挥作用，“当…… 时候” 英文为 When，引导时间状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填 When。 【小题 2】句意：同时，我们在帮助我们自己。根据 “we are helping …” 和备选词可知，此处表示我们在帮助 “我们自己”，应用反身代词 ourselves。故填 ourselves。 【小题 3】句意：去年暑假，我在一个叫作 “从摇篮到蜡笔” 的组织做志愿者。根据 “an … called Cradles to Crayons” 和备选词可知，此处表示一个叫作 “从摇篮到蜡笔” 的组织，空前有不定冠词 an，后接可数名词单数，“组织” 英文为 organization。故填 organization。 【小题 4】句意：我每天花两个小时在那里帮忙挑选和打包物品。根据 “spent two hours a day …” 和备选词可知，每天花两个小时在那里帮忙……，help “帮助”，spend … doing sth 固定搭配，意为 “花费…… 做某事”，help 的动名词为 helping。故填 helping。 【小题 5】句意：在那里做志愿工作时，我遇到了一些非常好的人。根据 “When … there” 和备选词可知，此处表示在那里做志愿工作时，volunteering “做志愿活动”，此处省略主语和 be 动词，完整为 When I was volunteering there，故应用 volunteering。故填 volunteering。 【小题 6】句意：在每天结束时，志愿者领队会告诉我们那天我们帮助了多少个孩子。根据 “… the end of” 和备选词可知，at the end of 为固定搭配，意为 “在…… 结束时”，句首首字母大写。故填 At。 【小题 7】句意：看到小小的举动能对别人的生活产生巨大影响，我感到很惊讶。根据 “was … to” 和备选词可知，be surprised to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为 “做某事感到惊讶”。故填 surprised。 【小题 8】句意：我从中获得了强烈的满足感。根据 “… such a strong feeling of satisfaction” 和备选词可知，此处表示获得了强烈的满足感，根据上下文时态为一般过去时，“获得” 英文为 got。故填 got。 【小题 9】句意：我的志愿者经历也教会我对我所拥有的生活心存感激。根据 “be … for” 和备选词可知，be thankful for 为固定搭配，意为 “对…… 心存感激”。故填 thankful。 【小题 10】句意：它们对我们来说很容易获得，但对另一些人来说可能很难得到。根据 “They are … available to us, but … hard to get.” 和备选词可知，它们对我们来说很容易获得，但对另一些人来说可能很难得到，此处修饰形容词 available，应用副词 easily，意为 “容易地”。故填 easily。 拓展培优 1、 阅读理解。 ①Is the summer vacation long enough to turn life for the better? Every person has his own talents and interests. Find something you care about, and you will see the difference. ②Organize a clean‑up programme. People often throw litter(垃圾) in the place where there is already litter. This makes the community in a mess. The environment will become better if someone volunteers to help. You could pick up the rubbish with your friends once a week in your neighbourhood. You could also help take care of the plants every few days. Surely, a clean and tidy neighbourhood will be worth the work. ③Show your love to the old. Our city has some old people’s homes. Without children around them, the old people there might feel lonely once in a while. Maybe they need your help. In fact, you can do a lot for them. For example, you can talk with them or play games with them. Listening to them carefully is also a good idea. Some old people can’t see clearly and they would like you to read to them. No matter what small things you do, you can make them feel loved. ④Set up a reading project with your friends. Share your favourite books with them. Besides, you may read aloud to each other and talk about what you read. Either a book or an article can spark a lively(活跃的) discussion and your further thinking. The process often calls for more people to take action. The project is also a good way to welcome newcomers. At the same time, you may find new friends with similar hobbies. ⑤A two‑month summer vacation isn’t long, but it’s enough to make a difference. ()1. How often could you pick up the rubbish according to the passage? A． Once a week. B．Every few weeks. C．Once a month. D．Every few months. ()2. Why do you need to read to some old people at the old people’s homes? A．Because you can think further. B．Because you are good at reading. B． Because they can’t see clearly. D．Because they are away from their homes. ()3. What does the underlined word “spark” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A． Finish. B．Start. C．Waste. D．Depend. ()4. Which is the right structure(结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2…) A． ①②③④/⑤ B．①/②③④⑤ C．①②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③④/⑤ ()5. What is the passage mainly about? A．The people with different interests. B．The greatest time to make a difference. C．The reasons for a different summer vacation. D．The ways of making a summer vacation different. 【答案】【小题 1】A【小题 2】C【小题 3】B【小题 4】D【小题 5】D 【导语】 本文主要介绍了暑假期间可以通过整理社区、关爱老人和开展阅读活动等方式让假期变得更有意义。【详解】 【小题 1】根据第二段中 “You could pick up the rubbish with your friends once a week in your neighbourhood.” 可知，你可以每周和朋友捡一次垃圾。 【小题 2】根据第三段中 “Some old people can’t see clearly and they would like you to read to them.” 可知，需要给老人读书是因为他们视力不好，看不清楚。 【小题 3】根据第四段语境 “Either a book or an article can spark a lively discussion…” 可知，书或文章可以 “引发” 热烈的讨论，spark 在此处意为 “触发、开始”，与 Start 意思相近。 【小题 4】分析全文结构：第一段引出话题（暑假能否让生活更美好）；第二、三、四段分别提出了三种具体的建议（清理社区、关爱老人、阅读项目）；第五段总结全文（两个月足以做出改变）。因此结构为 “总 — 分 — 总”，即①/②③④/⑤。 【小题 5】通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了三种利用暑假做有意义之事的方法，旨在说明如何让暑假变得与众不同且有意义。 三、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）  Volunteеring meаns spеnding somе of yоur freе timе hеlping оthers. Doing vоluntеer wоrk mеans оne verу imрortant thing: Yоu mаke a diffеrеnсe in thе wоrld!     1     Нelрing уоur old neighbours. Whеn реoрlе get older, it beсomеs hаrder to dо many things, frоm walking to the storе to dоing the housework. Оld peoрlе living alоne сan alsо feеl lonеlу.     2     Yоu сould visit them and hеlр them with thеir housewоrk.  Нelрing the disablеd. Мanу рeoplе with disabilities neеd help. Yоu can volunteеr to rеаd books to thе blind or delivеr (递送) something for pеoрlе who саn’t get arоund tоо well.     3     There are lots of volunteer jobs to do in hospitals and health care centres. As a volunteer, you can make beds, deliver flowers and gifts and help serve meals. Hospitals also need volunteers to look after children while their parents are seeing a doctor.  Helping families in need. Some families don’t have enough money to buy food and clothes for their kids.     4     To help these people, as a volunteer, you can give clothes, food or money to, or raise money for, a charity.       5     Sometimes people need more help when holidays come. Holidays are happy, but for the people who are alone or unlucky, they can be a lonely, hard time. As a volunteer, you can deliver holiday dinners to less lucky people, visit the lonely old people and serve food to the homeless.  Lots of people find that they really enjoy volunteering. If everyone helps out a bit, we’ll have a better world to live in! A．As a volunteer, you can do a lot to help the old in your neighbourhood. B．Helping during holidays. C．Doing the hospital work. D．Some people don’t have places to live at all. E．You must have a lot of free time to be a volunteer. F．Here are some ideas for you on how to help others through volunteering. 【答案】【小题 1】F【小题 2】A【小题 3】C【小题 4】D【小题 5】B 【导语】 本文主要介绍了志愿服务的意义，并给出帮助他人的具体志愿方向。 【详解】 【小题 1】第一段介绍完志愿活动的意义后，下文开始分点介绍不同的志愿方向，选项 F 用于此处，引出下文。 【小题 2】根据 “Helping your old neighbours.” 可知，该段围绕帮助老人展开，选项 A 符合语境。 【小题 3】根据 “There are lots of volunteer jobs to do in hospitals and health care centres.” 可知，该段围绕医院和医疗中心的志愿工作展开，选项 C 是该段的主题句。 【小题 4】根据 “Helping families in need.” 可知，该段主题是帮助困难家庭，前文提到部分贫困家庭无力给孩子购买食物衣物，选项 D 进一步补充说明困难群体的处境，衔接后文的捐赠帮助。 【小题 5】根据 “Sometimes people need more help when holidays come.” 可知，该段围绕节日期间的志愿帮助展开。选项 B 是该段的主题句。 思维创新 任务型阅读。 When Zhang Wei was a college student, he went to a remote mountain village for a teaching program. The village was poor and the school had only two classrooms. Many children had to walk two hours to get to school. Zhang Wei decided to stay there for two years. At first, the villagers didn’t trust him. They thought a young city boy wouldn’t understand their life. Some parents didn’t send their children to school because they needed them to work on the farm. Zhang Wei visited each family patiently. He explained the importance of education and promised to help with farm work after class. Slowly, the villagers began to trust him. The number of students grew from 15 to 40. Zhang Wei also raised money to buy books and computers for the school. He taught the children not only knowledge but also the value of dreams. Now, Zhang Wei has left the village, but he still keeps in touch with the students. Some of them have gone to college. Zhang Wei says, “The two years changed my life. I learned that true help comes from the heart.” According to the passage, where did Zhang Wei work as a volunteer teacher? (No more than 4 words, 2 points) __________________________________________________ 2-4. Fill in the blanks according to the passage. (1 point for 3; 2 points each for 2 & 4) Information Details Reasons 2. Villagers’ attitude at first They ______ him. (No more than 2 words) They doubted the city boy. 3. Some parents refused to send kids to school Kids needed to ______. (No more than 3 words) They had farm work to do. 4. Change of students The number ______ greatly. (No more than 2 words) Other acts of Zhang Wei He raised money for school supplies to ______. (No more than 4 words) He cared about kids’ study and dreams. Villagers trusted Zhang Wei finally. 5. What did Zhang Wei learn from the experience? Use your own words (No more than 15 words). _______________________________________________________________ 参考答案 1.A mountain village. 2.didn't trust 3.work on farms 4.grew; buy books and computers 5.True help comes from the heart. 解析：导语 本文讲述了大学生张伟前往偏远山村支教的经历。他用真诚打动村民，用心助力当地孩子求学，这段经历也让他收获了深刻的人生感悟。 1.答案：A mountain village. 解析：根据短文第一句 When Zhang Wei was a college student, he went to a remote mountain village for a teaching program. 可知，张伟在偏远山村支教，结合答题要求，精简作答即可。 2.答案：didn't trust 解析：定位原文 At first, the villagers didn’t trust him.，起初村民并不信任他，题干要求不超过 2 个单词，直接提取短语作答。 3.答案：work on farms 解析：由 Some parents didn’t send their children to school because they needed them to work on the farm. 可知，家长不让孩子上学是因为需要他们干农活，按照词数要求改写作答。 4.答案：grew；buy books and computers 解析：第一空依据 The number of students grew from 15 to 40.，学生数量大幅增加，故填 grew；第二空根据 Zhang Wei also raised money to buy books and computers for the school.，他筹钱为学校购置书籍和电脑，据此作答。 5.答案：True help comes from the heart. 解析：文章最后一句张伟说出感悟 I learned that true help comes from the heart.，这也是这段支教经历带给他的收获，控制词数直接摘抄即可。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $