Unit 8 SectionA 4a-4d课后分层作业（湖北专用）2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit8第三课时同步练，以“基础巩固-能力提升-综合应用”分层设计，通过词汇句型铺垫、语法专项训练到综合语境应用，强化现在完成时等核心知识点，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础巩固|单一语法点（for/since用法）|选词填空（5题）直接考查介词搭配，夯实语法基础| |能力提升|时态区分（现在完成时vs一般过去时）|动词填空（8题）结合具体语境转换时态，提升语言运用能力| |综合应用|语法综合应用（疑问句+时态辨析）|单项选择（5题）设置真实情境考查语法运用，发展思维品质|

Unit8 Making a Difference 第三课时(SectionA4a-4d)知识清单 一、重点词汇（必背 + 词性转换） 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 词性转换 / 拓展 volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ v./n. v. 自愿做；义务做；n. 志愿者 volunteering n. 志愿活动；搭配：volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事；volunteer for sth 为某事做志愿 army /ˈɑːmi/ n. 军队；陆军 复数：armies；搭配：join the army 参军 soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/ n. 军人；士兵 复数：soldiers；搭配：a soldier in the army 一名军人 primary /ˈpraɪməri/ adj. 小学教育的；首要的 搭配：primary school 小学；primary student 小学生 train /treɪn/ v./n. v. 训练；培训；n. 火车 training n. 训练；搭配：train sb to do sth 训练某人做某事；train volunteers 培训志愿者 help /help/ v./n. 帮助；协助 helpful adj. 有帮助的；搭配：help out 分担工作；帮忙做；help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善机构（或组织）；慈善事业 复数：charities；搭配：charity match 慈善比赛；charity event 慈善活动 warmly /ˈwɔːmli/ adv. 热情地；温暖地 warm adj. 温暖的；热情的；搭配：smile warmly 热情地微笑；thank sb warmly 热情感谢某人 meet /miːt/ v. 遇见；结识；满足 过去式 / 过去分词：met；搭配：meet sb 遇见某人；meet new friends 结识新朋友 work /wɜːk/ v./n. v. 工作；从事；n. 工作 worker n. 工人；搭配：work with 与…… 共事；work as 担任…… 职业 二、重点短语（必背） 1. volunteer for the army 为军队做志愿工作 2.teach English to the soldiers 给士兵们教英语 3.a member of the Red Cross 红十字会的一员 4.primary school 小学 5.help out 分担工作；帮忙做 6.charity match 慈善比赛 7.sports organization 体育组织 8.different sports events 不同的体育赛事 9.get lost 迷路 10.give directions 指路 11.make a difference 有影响；起作用 12.for a long time 很长一段时间（现在完成时标志词） 13.for a few months 几个月（现在完成时标志词） 14.since last August 自去年八月以来（现在完成时标志词） 15.since three years ago 自从三年前（现在完成时标志词） 三、重点句型（必背 + 会用） 现在完成时 + for 表持续时间 ◎ One of my friends has volunteered here for a long time. 我的一个朋友已经在这里志愿工作很长时间了。 ◎ 结构：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + for + 时间段 ◎ 说明：for 后接表示 “一段时间” 的短语，如 for three years/for a few months，强调动作持续的时长。 现在完成时 + since 表起始时间 ◎ She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. 自去年八月起，她就在一家养老院做志愿者了。 ◎ 结构 1：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + since + 过去的时间点（如 since last August） ◎ 结构 2：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + since + 一般过去时句子（如 since his summer holidays started） ◎ 说明：since 后接表示 “过去时间点” 的短语或句子，强调动作从过去某一时间开始持续到现在。 How long 引导的现在完成时特殊疑问句 ◎ How long have you been a volunteer? 你做志愿者多久了？ ◎ How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum? 他在博物馆做志愿者多久了？ ◎ 结构：How long + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词…? ◎ 答语：用 for + 时间段 或 since + 时间点 / 过去时句子 回答。 since 引导的时间状语从句（主现完，从一般过去） ◎ Since he started working there, he has helped many students. 自从他开始在那里工作以来，他已经帮助了很多学生。 ◎ 结构：Since + 一般过去时句子，主句（现在完成时） ◎ 说明：since 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，表示 “从过去某一动作开始到现在的结果”。 一般过去时描述过去具体发生的动作 ◎ I met two national football players from Argentina last month. 上个月我遇到了两位来自阿根廷的国家足球队员。 ◎ 结构：主语 + 动词过去式 + 过去具体时间（last month/yesterday 等） ◎ 说明：句中有明确的过去时间状语时，用一般过去时，不强调对现在的影响。四、语法点睛：情态动词could表建议 + used to句型 现在完成时基本结构 肯定：主语 + have (非三单)/has (三单) + 动词过去分词 否定：主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ 特殊疑问：How long + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词…? for/since 用法对比 词 用法位置 后接内容 例句 for 现在完成时句子中 时间段（a long time/three years 等） She has taught here for three years. since 现在完成时句子中 时间点（last August/three years ago 等）或一般过去时句子 He has volunteered here since his holidays started. 时态区分（4c 考点：一般过去时 VS 现在完成时） 时态 标志词 / 特征 核心含义 动词形式 一般过去时 last month/yesterday/then/three years ago（明确过去时间） 只描述过去发生的动作，和现在无关 动词过去式 现在完成时 for/since/so far/already/yet（无具体过去时间） 过去动作持续到现在，或对现在造成结果 / 影响 have/has + 过去分词 自我检测小练习 一、选词填空 (for /since) 1.I have been a volunteer here ____ a few months. 2.He has worked at the museum ____ his summer holidays started. 3.She has taught English to the soldiers ____ three years. 4.The organization has trained volunteers ____ three years ago. 5.Mr Wu has taught in the primary school ____ two years. 二、用所给动词适当形式填空（一般过去时 / 现在完成时） 1.This college student ____ (teach) English to the soldiers for three years. 2.I ____ (be) a member of the Red Cross for six years. 3.Since he started working there, he ____ (help) many students. 4.The organization ____ (train) over 6,000 volunteers since it began three years ago. 5.I ____ (work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. 6.Last month, I ____ (meet) two famous football players. 7.The stadium ____ (be) so big that they ____ (get) lost then. 8.They ____ (smile) and ____ (thank) me warmly. 三、单项选择 1.—How long ____ you been a volunteer? —____ two years. A. have; For B. has; Since C. have; Since 2.She has been a volunteer at the nursing home ____ last August. A. for B. since C. in 3.He ____ here for three years, and he ____ many students since he came. A. has worked; helped B. worked; has helped C. has worked; has helped 4.—____ has he volunteered at the museum? —Since his summer holidays started. A. How often B. How long C. How many 5.I ____ my homework just now, and I ____ my volunteer work for two hours. A. finished; have done B. have finished; did C. finished; did 答案:一、选词填空 1.for 2. since 3. for 4. since 5. for 二、用所给动词适当形式填空 1.has taught 2. have been 3. has helped 4. has trained 5.have worked 6. met 7. was; got 8. smiled; thanked 三、单项选择 1.A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit8 Making a Difference(原卷版) 第三课时(SectionA4a-4d) 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.My father has taught in a village ________ /̍praɪməri/ school for ten years. 2. My uncle joined the ________ /ˈɑːmi/ when he was eighteen. 3.He gave away most of his money to the c________(慈善机构). 4. The elderly welcomed the volunteers ________ (热情地) with fresh fruits and tea. 5. He joined the army and became a _____ (士兵) two years ago. 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 army, primary, charity, warm, help out 1. When it was Chinese players’ turn, Chinese people cheered    . 2. My bike broke down on the way to school, so I had to call my dad to come and help  . 3. Many    from many countries safeguard the peace of the world. 4. There are five    to help the poor on the list. Which one will you donate to? 5. John is in Grade 7 now, but he misses his __  school life because it’ s more relaxing and interesting. 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 那部精彩的电影已经结束超过三个半小时了。 The wonderful film ____ ___ ____for more than three hours and a half . 2. 妈妈要求我假期去做一些志愿工作。 My mother asks me to ________ ________ ________ ________ during the holiday. 3.自从上周以来，我们已经离开了英国的西北海岸。 We ___ ____ ____ ____the northwest coast of England since last week. 4.我爸爸大学毕业后就在这里工作。 My father ________ ________ here since he finished college. 5.She has finished reading the novel since last Wednesday.（改为否定句） She ________ ________ reading the novel since last Wednesday. 6.他作为志愿者已经在一所学校任教两年了。 He ________ ________ in a school as a volunteer ________ two years now. 7.琳达喜欢在军队服役。 Linda likes ________ in the ________. 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 army soldier young come active charity out primary warm since Many people think that only___1__ and the army can take responsibility and help others in need, but that is not true. As ordinary __2___, we also have many ways to help __3___ and spread warmth in our daily life. ___4___ I was a little kid, I have believed that small kind acts can make a big difference. We do not need great power to serve others. Even __5___ school students can join charitable activities and contribute our little strength. There are plenty of _6__ programs in our community that always need young volunteers. I am an _7___ teenager who loves to participate in public welfare. Whenever community service activities __8___ along, I always sign up without hesitation. I and other young volunteers ___9___ help the elderly clean their houses, deliver daily supplies to poor families, and tutor kids with their studies. These experiences teach me that helping others is not hard. The __10__ protects our country and safety, while we teenagers can guard the warmth of society. Everyone can play a role. As long as we are willing to devote ourselves, we can always find proper ways to help out and make the world a better place. 拓展培优 五、阅读理解。 Sam Edmunds, a teenage boy from London, decided to raise money for a very good cause by cutting his hair. He had spent three years growing it, so there was lots of hair to cut. The last time he cut his hair was in 2022. Sam raised £3,200 for a local food bank. “I always had the idea of doing it again,” Sam told a news reporter. This time, Sam tried to help Alzheimer’s Society. Alzheimer’s disease usually affects the elderly and gets worse over time. Around one million people are living with it in the UK. Sam’s decision was very important to him because his friend died of Alzheimer’s disease in 2024, and some of his friends also lost their family members with Alzheimer’s disease. In February 2025, when a famous football player from Sam’s favourite team died of Alzheimer’s disease, Sam was grieved. So he named his charity event “Bald for Bowles”. “I want to do something to remember all these wonderful people who meant so much to me and their family,” Sam said. Sam raised over £4,000 online for Alzheimer’s Society. But that was not all—his hair was also sent to the Little Princess Trust, a charity that makes wigs (假发) for children who have lost their hair because of health problems. Will Sam grow his hair again? “Yes!” he said with a smile. “Growing hair takes time, but helping others is always worth it.” ()1. How long had Sam spent growing his hair before cutting it this time? A．For one year. B．For two years. C．For three years. D．For four years. ()2. Why did Sam name his charity event “Bald for Bowles”? A．Because Bowles was his best friend. B．Because a football player he liked died of Alzheimer’s disease. C．Because Bowles worked for Alzheimer’s Society. D．Because Bowles helped him raise money. ()3. The underlined word “grieved” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．excited B．sad C．surprised D．interested ()4. Which is the correct order according to the passage? ①Sam raised money for Alzheimer’s Society. ②Sam’s friend died of Alzheimer’s disease. ③Sam raised £3,200 for a local food bank. ④Sam sent his hair to the Little Princess Trust. A．③→②→①→④ B．②→③→①→④ C．③→①→②→④ D．②→①→③→④ ()5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．Sam cut his long hair to raise money for charities and help others. B．Many people in the UK have Alzheimer’s disease. C．The Little Princess Trust makes wigs for children. D．Sam likes growing long hair very much. 六、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）  Volunteer Travel Have you heard of any voluntary activities like planting trees, cleaning up the community and looking after the old people?     1     It is a new and popular voluntary activity among young people.     2     This idea sounds perfect for travellers who want to make a difference to their travel destinations. The main purpose of volunteer travel is to take part in activities to help local communities and people.       3    Volunteer travel allows them to work with local communities and get a deeper understanding of different ways of life. They live like a local, learn languages, and understand traditions beyond places of interest.     4     Volunteers can exchange their work and service for food. Some projects even provide volunteers with free places to live. However, volunteer travel may also cause problems for those communities. Some volunteers stay for such a short time that they can’t truly solve problems, leaving local people to ask, “Was this just for show or self-satisfying?”     5     Besides, their leaving may make the students lonelier than before. This will hurt students’ feelings. Also, some volunteers may not have the right skills and even make things worse. A．Another advantage of volunteer travel is that it can cut down travel cost. B．Volunteer travel combines travel with meaningful voluntary work. C．For example, when short-term volunteer teachers leave, students’ learning may stop. D．But do you know what volunteer travel is? E．Travellers can teach English to children, work on protecting wildlife and traditional culture. F．Volunteer travel is becoming less and less popular these days. 思维创新 七、任务型阅读。 Helping others is a great thing because everyone needs help. You can learn something new and have fun. You can have many ways of helping others around you. You can help humans, animals or the environment. People will feel good when they volunteer. Volunteering Volunteering is giving your time or money to help others. Students can volunteer on weekends. You can visit old people to talk to them or help them, help clean up a park or cheer up the sick children by singing songs for them. Fundraising (筹款) Fundraising is to raise money to help others in trouble. Here are some ways of fundraising. ※ Making cakes to sell to raise money. ※ Selling something to make money. Giving something away Giving something away is to give your things or money to help others. ※ Giving your old toys or clothes to a charity to help the poor. ※ Giving your old books to a library. ※ Giving your money to help the people around you. 1. Fill in the boxes to complete the information. (每空不超过5个词) Benefits of helping others Ways to help targets Kinds of helping forms Feelings of volunteering __________ Humans, animals, environment _________ __________________ 2.Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Forms Meaning Examples Volunteering Give time or money to help others. Visit the old, clean parks and 2. _______(不超过6词) Fundraising Raise money to help people 3._____ (不超过2词) Sell cakes or other things. Giving something away Give things or money to help others. Donate old toys, clothes, books or 4._________ (不超过3词) 5. What can we learn from the passage? (结合文章内容，不超过 20 词)          学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit8 Making a Difference(解析版) 第三课时(SectionA4a-4d) 基础知识累积 词汇夯基 一、请根据所给的首字母或汉语提示写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。 1.My father has taught in a village ________ /̍praɪməri/ school for ten years. 2. My uncle joined the ________ /ˈɑːmi/ when he was eighteen. 3.He gave away most of his money to the c________(慈善机构). 4. The elderly welcomed the volunteers ________ (热情地) with fresh fruits and tea. 5. He joined the army and became a _____ (士兵) two years ago. 答案：1.primary 2.army 3.charity 4.warmly 5.soldier 二、根据语境，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空。 army, primary, charity, warm, help out 1. When it was Chinese players’ turn, Chinese people cheered    . 2. My bike broke down on the way to school, so I had to call my dad to come and help  . 3. Many    from many countries safeguard the peace of the world. 4. There are five    to help the poor on the list. Which one will you donate to? 5. John is in Grade 7 now, but he misses his __  school life because it’ s more relaxing and interesting. 答案：1. warmly 2.out 3.armies 4. charities 5.primary 句型及短语聚焦 三、根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 那部精彩的电影已经结束超过三个半小时了。 The wonderful film ____ ___ ____for more than three hours and a half . 2. 妈妈要求我假期去做一些志愿工作。 My mother asks me to ________ ________ ________ ________ during the holiday. 3.自从上周以来，我们已经离开了英国的西北海岸。 We ___ ____ ____ ____the northwest coast of England since last week. 4.我爸爸大学毕业后就在这里工作。 My father ________ ________ here since he finished college. 5.She has finished reading the novel since last Wednesday.（改为否定句） She ________ ________ reading the novel since last Wednesday. 6.他作为志愿者已经在一所学校任教两年了。 He ________ ________ in a school as a volunteer ________ two years now. 7.琳达喜欢在军队服役。 Linda likes ________ in the ________. 答案：1.has been over 2.do some volunteer work 3. have been away from 4.has worked 5.hasn't finished 6.has taught for 7.serving/to serve army 应用素养提升 能力提升 四、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 army soldier youth come active charity out primary warm since Many people think that only___1__ and the army can take responsibility and help others in need, but that is not true. As ordinary __2___, we also have many ways to help __3___ and spread warmth in our daily life. ___4___ I was a little kid, I have believed that small kind acts can make a big difference. We do not need great power to serve others. Even __5___ school students can join charitable activities and contribute our little strength. There are plenty of _6__ programs in our community that always need young volunteers. I am an _7___ teenager who loves to participate in public welfare. Whenever community service activities __8___ along, I always sign up without hesitation. I and other young volunteers ___9___ help the elderly clean their houses, deliver daily supplies to poor families, and tutor kids with their studies. These experiences teach me that helping others is not hard. The __10__ protects our country and safety, while we teenagers can guard the warmth of society. Everyone can play a role. As long as we are willing to devote ourselves, we can always find proper ways to help out and make the world a better place. 【答案】【小题 1】 soldiers【小题 2】youth【小题 3】out【小题 4】Since 【小题 5】primary【小题 6】charity【小题 7】active【小题 8】come 【小题 9】warmly【小题 10】army 【导语】 本文讲述了普通人尤其是青少年无需强大能力，也能通过各类公益活动助人、传递温暖，阐述了青少年参与志愿服务的意义与价值。 【小题 1】句意：许多人认为只有士兵和军队才能承担责任、帮助有需要的人，但事实并非如此。根据空后 and the army（军队）以及备选词汇可知，此处对应职业身份 soldiers（士兵），为复数名词，与 army 并列。故填 soldiers。 【小题 2】句意：作为普通青年，我们在日常生活中也有很多方式可以帮忙、传递温暖。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处指代青少年群体，youth 表示“青年、年轻人”，符合句意。故填 youth。 【小题 3】句意：作为普通青年，我们在日常生活中也有很多方式可以帮忙、传递温暖。根据固定搭配及备选词汇可知，help out 为固定短语，意为“帮忙、协助”。故填 out。 【小题 4】句意：从小我就相信微小的善举会带来巨大的改变。根据句子时态为现在完成时及备选词汇可知，since 引导时间状语从句，意为“自从……以来”，句首首字母需大写。故填 Since。 【小题 5】句意：即使是小学生也可以参加公益活动，贡献自己微薄的力量。根据固定搭配及备选词汇可知，primary school 为固定搭配，意为“小学”，primary 表示“初级的、小学的”。故填 primary。 【小题 6】句意：我们社区有很多公益项目，一直需要青年志愿者。根据空后名词 programs（项目）及备选词汇可知，此处用 charity 作定语，charity programs 表示“公益项目、慈善项目”。故填 charity。 【小题 7】句意：我是一名积极向上、热爱参与公益事业的青少年。根据空后名词 teenager（青少年）及备选词汇可知，此处需要形容词修饰名词，active 意为“积极的、主动的”，符合语境。故填 active。 【小题 8】句意：每当有社区服务活动开展，我都会毫不犹豫报名参加。根据固定搭配及备选词汇可知，come along 为固定短语，意为“出现、开展、到来”，主语为复数，时态为一般现在时，动词用原形。故填 come。 【小题 9】句意：我和其他青年志愿者热心地帮助老人打扫房屋、为贫困家庭配送生活用品、辅导孩子学习。根据句子结构可知，此处需要副词修饰动词 help，warm 的副词形式为 warmly，意为“热心地、温暖地”。故填 warmly。 【小题 10】句意：军队守护我们的国家和安全，而我们青少年可以守护社会的温暖。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处与文章首句呼应，army 表示“军队”，指代国家守护力量。故填 army。 拓展培优 五、阅读理解。 Sam Edmunds, a teenage boy from London, decided to raise money for a very good cause by cutting his hair. He had spent three years growing it, so there was lots of hair to cut. The last time he cut his hair was in 2022. Sam raised £3,200 for a local food bank. “I always had the idea of doing it again,” Sam told a news reporter. This time, Sam tried to help Alzheimer’s Society. Alzheimer’s disease usually affects the elderly and gets worse over time. Around one million people are living with it in the UK. Sam’s decision was very important to him because his friend died of Alzheimer’s disease in 2024, and some of his friends also lost their family members with Alzheimer’s disease. In February 2025, when a famous football player from Sam’s favourite team died of Alzheimer’s disease, Sam was grieved. So he named his charity event “Bald for Bowles”. “I want to do something to remember all these wonderful people who meant so much to me and their family,” Sam said. Sam raised over £4,000 online for Alzheimer’s Society. But that was not all—his hair was also sent to the Little Princess Trust, a charity that makes wigs (假发) for children who have lost their hair because of health problems. Will Sam grow his hair again? “Yes!” he said with a smile. “Growing hair takes time, but helping others is always worth it.” ()1. How long had Sam spent growing his hair before cutting it this time? A．For one year. B．For two years. C．For three years. D．For four years. ()2. Why did Sam name his charity event “Bald for Bowles”? A．Because Bowles was his best friend. B．Because a football player he liked died of Alzheimer’s disease. C．Because Bowles worked for Alzheimer’s Society. D．Because Bowles helped him raise money. ()3. The underlined word “grieved” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．excited B．sad C．surprised D．interested ()4. Which is the correct order according to the passage? ①Sam raised money for Alzheimer’s Society. ②Sam’s friend died of Alzheimer’s disease. ③Sam raised £3,200 for a local food bank. ④Sam sent his hair to the Little Princess Trust. A．③→②→①→④ B．②→③→①→④ C．③→①→②→④ D．②→①→③→④ ()5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．Sam cut his long hair to raise money for charities and help others. B．Many people in the UK have Alzheimer’s disease. C．The Little Princess Trust makes wigs for children. D．Sam likes growing long hair very much. 【答案】【小题 1】C【小题 2】B【小题 3】B【小题 4】A【小题 5】A 【导语】本文主要讲述了伦敦少年 Sam Edmunds 通过剪掉自己留了三年的长发，为慈善机构筹款并帮助他人的故事。 【小题 1】细节理解题。根据 “He had spent three years growing it, so there was lots of hair to cut.” 可知，在这次剪发前，Sam 花了三年时间留头发，故选 C。 【小题 2】细节理解题。根据 “In February 2025, when a famous football player from Sam’s favourite team died of Alzheimer’s disease, Sam was grieved. So he named his charity event ‘Bald for Bowles’ .” 可知，Sam 将活动命名为 “Bald for Bowles”，是因为他喜欢的一名足球运动员死于阿尔茨海默病，故选 B。 【小题 3】词句猜测题。根据 “In February 2025, when a famous football player from Sam’s favourite team died of Alzheimer’s disease, Sam was grieved. So he named his charity event ‘Bald for Bowles’ .” 可知，Sam 喜欢的足球运动员死于阿尔茨海默病，这是一件令人悲伤的事，因此 “grieved” 的意思是 “悲伤的”，与 “sad” 同义，故选 B。 【小题 4】细节理解题。根据 “The last time he cut his hair was in 2022. Sam raised £3,200 for a local food bank.”；“Sam’s decision was very important to him because his friend died of Alzheimer’s disease in 2024”；“Sam raised over £4,000 online for Alzheimer’s Society.”；“His hair was also sent to the Little Princess Trust, a charity that makes wigs (假发) for children who have lost their hair because of health problems.” 可知，正确顺序是：Sam 在 2022 年为当地食品银行筹款 £3,200→Sam 的朋友在 2024 年死于阿尔茨海默病→Sam 在 2025 年为阿尔茨海默病协会筹款→Sam 把头发捐给了 Little Princess Trust，故选 A。 【小题 5】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了 Sam 剪掉自己的长发，既为阿尔茨海默病协会筹款，又将头发捐给慈善机构帮助他人的故事，故选 A。六、阅读还原。阅读短文，从所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）  Volunteer Travel Have you heard of any voluntary activities like planting trees, cleaning up the community and looking after the old people?     1     It is a new and popular voluntary activity among young people.     2     This idea sounds perfect for travellers who want to make a difference to their travel destinations. The main purpose of volunteer travel is to take part in activities to help local communities and people.       3    Volunteer travel allows them to work with local communities and get a deeper understanding of different ways of life. They live like a local, learn languages, and understand traditions beyond places of interest.     4     Volunteers can exchange their work and service for food. Some projects even provide volunteers with free places to live. However, volunteer travel may also cause problems for those communities. Some volunteers stay for such a short time that they can’t truly solve problems, leaving local people to ask, “Was this just for show or self-satisfying?”     5     Besides, their leaving may make the students lonelier than before. This will hurt students’ feelings. Also, some volunteers may not have the right skills and even make things worse. A．Another advantage of volunteer travel is that it can cut down travel cost. B．Volunteer travel combines travel with meaningful voluntary work. C．For example, when short-term volunteer teachers leave, students’ learning may stop. D．But do you know what volunteer travel is? E．Travellers can teach English to children, work on protecting wildlife and traditional culture. F．Volunteer travel is becoming less and less popular these days. 【答案】【小题 1】D【小题 2】B【小题 3】E【小题 4】A【小题 5】C 【导语】本文介绍了 “公益旅行（volunteer travel）” 这一新兴志愿活动，阐述了其定义、优势及存在的问题，需结合上下文逻辑完成文中空缺处的内容匹配。【详解】 【小题 1】文中第一段提到人们熟悉的植树、社区清洁等志愿活动，后文引出一种新的志愿活动。D 项 “But do you know what volunteer travel is?” 提出问题，引出下文对公益旅行的介绍，符合语境。 【小题 2】文中第二段后文介绍公益旅行的目的和意义，B 项 “Volunteer travel combines travel with meaningful voluntary work.” 点明公益旅行的核心 —— 将旅行与有意义的志愿工作结合，作为段落总起句，符合语境。 【小题 3】文中第二段前文提到公益旅行的主要目的是帮助当地社区和人们，后文介绍它能让旅行者深入了解当地生活。E 项 “Travellers can teach English to children, work on protecting wildlife and traditional culture.” 举例说明旅行者可参与的志愿活动，承接前文，符合语境。 【小题 4】文中第二段后文提到志愿者可以用劳动和服务换取食物，部分项目还提供免费住宿。A 项 “Another advantage of volunteer travel is that it can cut down travel cost.” 说明公益旅行的另一个优势 —— 降低旅行成本，引出后文对成本优势的具体说明，符合语境。 【小题 5】文中第三段前文提到短期志愿者停留时间太短，无法真正解决问题，后文提到他们的离开会让学生更孤独。C 项 “For example, when short-term volunteer teachers leave, students’ learning may stop.” 举例说明短期志愿活动带来的问题，承接前文，符合语境。 思维创新 七、任务型阅读。 Helping others is a great thing because everyone needs help. You can learn something new and have fun. You can have many ways of helping others around you. You can help humans, animals or the environment. People will feel good when they volunteer. Volunteering Volunteering is giving your time or money to help others. Students can volunteer on weekends. You can visit old people to talk to them or help them, help clean up a park or cheer up the sick children by singing songs for them. Fundraising (筹款) Fundraising is to raise money to help others in trouble. Here are some ways of fundraising. ※ Making cakes to sell to raise money. ※ Selling something to make money. Giving something away Giving something away is to give your things or money to help others. ※ Giving your old toys or clothes to a charity to help the poor. ※ Giving your old books to a library. ※ Giving your money to help the people around you. 1. Fill in the boxes to complete the information. (每空不超过5个词) Benefits of helping others Ways to help targets Kinds of helping forms Feelings of volunteering __________ Humans, animals, environment _________ __________________ 2.Fill in the blanks according to the passage. Forms Meaning Examples Volunteering Give time or money to help others. Visit the old, clean parks and 2. _______(不超过6词) Fundraising Raise money to help people 3._____ (不超过2词) Sell cakes or other things. Giving something away Give things or money to help others. Donate old toys, clothes, books or 4._________ (不超过3词) 5. What can we learn from the passage? (结合文章内容，不超过 20 词)          【答案】 【小题1】Learn new things, have fun; Volunteer, fundraise, give away; Feel good 【小题2】cheer up sick children 【小题3】in trouble 【小题4】donate money 【小题5】We should help others in different ways and get happiness from it.（答案不唯一） 【导语】 本文主要介绍了助人的好处，同时详细介绍了志愿服务、筹款、捐赠物品三种帮助他人的方式及具体做法，倡导人们主动帮助身边的人、动物与环境。 【详解】 【小题1】根据首段“You can learn something new and have fun.”可知助人益处为：Learn new things, have fun；根据文中内容，助人形式包含志愿服务、筹款、捐赠物品，即Volunteer, fundraise, give away；根据“People will feel good when they volunteer.”可知志愿的感受为Feel good，均符合字数要求。 【小题2】根据第二段最后一句“help clean up a park or cheer up the sick children by singing songs for them.”可知，志愿服务的举例包括看望老人、打扫公园和安抚生病的孩子，故填cheer up sick children。 【小题3】根据第三段第一句“Fundraising is to raise money to help others in trouble.”可知，筹款是为了帮助身处困境的人，故填in trouble。 【小题4】根据最后一段“Giving your money to help the people around you.”可知，捐赠的方式还包括捐钱，故填donate money。 【小题5】本题为开放题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述帮助他人的多种方式和积极意义，我们可以概括主旨、表达感悟，只要贴合文意、字数达标即可。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $