暑假第1讲代词系列 be动词（讲义）-2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

新初二暑假自学课 外研2024版 · 暑假衔接专用 ┌─────────────────────────────┐ 第1讲 代词系列 · be动词 └─────────────────────────────┘ ⊙ 适用年级：新八年级（七升八） ⊙ 教材版本：外研2024版 ⊙ 内容说明：系统复习人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词的用法，巩固be动词的变化规则 Part 1 温故知新 —— 代词与be动词基础回顾 一、人称代词主格与be动词搭配 七年级学过的be动词变化，你能快速回忆起来吗？ 人称 主格 be动词 第一人称单数 I am 第二人称单数 you are 第三人称单数(男) he is 第三人称单数(女) she is 第三人称单数(物) it is 第一人称复数 we are 第二人称复数 you are 第三人称复数 they are 二、物主代词——“谁的”？ 形容词性物主代词后面必须跟名词，名词性物主代词单独使用： 人称 形容词性（+名词） 名词性（单独用） 我 my mine 你 your yours 他 his his 她 her hers 它 its its 我们 our ours 你们 your yours 他们 their theirs 口诀 形物+名，名物单独用 有名则形，无名则名 三、热身在身——快速判断练习 用am / is / are 填空： 1. I ______ a student. 2. She ______ my friend. 3. We ______ in the classroom. 4. They ______ from Beijing. 5. He ______ twelve years old. 选择正确的物主代词： 6. This is ______ (I / my / mine) book. 7. That pen is ______ (her / hers). 8. ______ (We / Our / Ours) school is very big. 9. Is this ______ (your / yours) bag? — No, it's ______ (her / hers). 10. These are ______ (they / their / theirs) pencils, not ______ (we / our / ours). Part 2 习新知法 —— 代词系统精讲与拓展 一、反身代词（Reflexive Pronouns） 反身代词表示“自己”，动作回到主语本身。构成规律： 第一、二人称：形容词性物主代词 + self/selves 第三人称：宾格 + self/selves 人称 反身代词 I myself you（单数） yourself he himself she herself it itself we ourselves you（复数） yourselves they themselves 常见固定搭配： 1. enjoy oneself 玩得开心 2. teach oneself 自学 3. by oneself 独自地 4. help oneself to ... 随便吃/用…… 5. look after oneself 照顾自己 6. come to oneself 苏醒过来 反身代词练习：用适当的反身代词填空 1. I can do it ______. 2. She taught ______ English. 3. Help ______ to some fish, Tom. 4. They enjoyed ______ at the party. 5. He lives by ______. 二、不定代词（Indefinite Pronouns） 不定代词指不特定的人或事物。常见不定代词分类： 1. 表示“一些/任何”：some / any some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句 特殊：表示请求或建议的疑问句用some 例句：I have some books. / Do you have any questions? 例句：Would you like some tea?（请求用some） 2. 复合不定代词 some- any- no- 人 someone / somebody anyone / anybody no one / nobody 物 something anything nothing 地点 somewhere anywhere nowhere 形容词修饰复合不定代词时，形容词要放在后面： something important（重要的事） someone new（新来的某个人） 3. 其他常见不定代词 代词 用法 each / every 每个——each强调个体，every强调整体 both / all both两个都，all三个或以上都 either / neither either两者之一，neither两者都不 none 三个或以上一个都没有 other / another other别的/另一个（复数others），another另一个（再一个） many / much many修饰可数，much修饰不可数 不定代词练习：选择正确的词填空 1. There isn't ______ (some / any) milk in the fridge. 2. ______ (Someone / Anyone) is waiting for you at the gate. 3. I have ______ (something / anything) important to tell you. 4. ______ (Both / All) of my parents are teachers. 5. You can take ______ (either / neither) of the two books. 6. ______ (Nobody / Anybody) knows the answer. It's a secret. 7. Would you like ______ (some / any) more coffee? 三、be动词的深层用法拓展 七年级我们学过be动词的基本变化，进入八年级后还要掌握以下用法： 1. There be 句型（存在句） “某地有某物”，be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定（就近原则）： There is a book on the desk. There are many students in the classroom. There is a pen and two rulers in the box.（就近原则——离be最近的是a pen，用is） 2. be + 形容词 + 介词 固定搭配 搭配 含义 be good at 擅长 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be afraid of 害怕…… be proud of 为……感到骄傲 be ready for 为……做好准备 3. be going to 表将来计划 “be going to + 动词原形”表示计划做某事或即将发生的事： We are going to visit the museum tomorrow. It is going to rain soon. be动词拓展练习： 1. There ______ (be) a football match next week. 2. She ______ (be) good at playing the piano. 3. They ______ (be) going to have a picnic this Saturday. 4. ______ there any water in the bottle? 5. My parents ______ (be) proud of my progress. Part 3 基础巩固 —— 代词与be动词综合练习（不附答案） 一、单项选择 1. ______ am a new student here. A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine 2. This is ______ new bike. Do you like ______? A. my; it B. mine; it C. I; it D. my; its 3. — Is this ______ ruler? — No, it's not ______. A. your; my B. yours; mine C. your; mine D. yours; my 4. They enjoyed ______ at the beach last weekend. A. them B. themselves C. their D. theirs 5. There ______ some milk and two apples on the table. A. is B. are C. be D. am 6. ______ of the two answers is correct. You need to try again. A. Both B. All C. Neither D. None 7. Help ______ to some cake, everyone! A. yourself B. yourselves C. you D. yours 8. I'm going to the supermarket. Do you need ______? A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing 9. My sister taught ______ how to swim. A. her B. herself C. she D. hers 10. ______ is in the classroom. All the students are on the playground. A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Everybody D. Nobody 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. This is not ______ (I) book. ______ (I) is at home. 2. She is a friend of ______ (we). 3. Tom and Jerry are both ______ (I) classmates. 4. The cat can wash ______ (it) face by ______ (it). 5. ______ (you) school is bigger than ______ (we). 6. There ______ (be) a lot of trees in our school. 7. — Who taught you to play the guitar? — Nobody. I taught ______ (I). 8. ______ (this) are my grandparents. 9. I have ______ (something) important to talk to you. Wait a moment. 10. They are old enough to look after ______ (they). 三、句型转换 1. This is my dictionary.（改为名词性物主代词） This dictionary is ______. 2. There is some water in the cup.（改为否定句） There ______ ______ water in the cup. 3. They are going to play football.（改为一般疑问句） ______ they ______ to play football? 4. She is good at swimming.（改为复数句） They ______ ______ at swimming. 5. Someone is in the room.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ in the room? Part 4 提高挑战 —— 代词·be动词拔高训练（不附答案） 一、完形填空 Hello! ______ name is Li Hua. I ______ a student in Grade 7. I have a good friend. ______ name is Zhang Wei. ______ are in the same class. Our English teacher is Ms Wang. ______ is very kind. We all like ______. This is ______ new classroom. There ______ 40 sets of desks and chairs in it. We love our class. We enjoy ______ very much. 选择正确答案： (1) A. I B. My C. Me D. Mine (2) A. am B. is C. are D. be (3) A. He B. Him C. His D. Her (4) A. He B. She C. We D. They (5) A. She B. Her C. Hers D. Himself (6) A. she B. her C. hers D. herself (7) A. we B. our C. ours D. us (8) A. am B. is C. are D. be (9) A. us B. our C. ourselves D. we 二、阅读理解——代词应用 I'm Li Ming. I have a sister. Her name is Li Jing. We are in the same school, but we are in different classes. Our parents are both doctors. They are very busy. My sister and I often help each other with our homework. She is good at English, and I am good at maths. We teach each other. I love my family very much. 1. What does “her” refer to in “Her name is Li Jing.”? A. Li Ming B. Li Jing C. Li Ming's mother D. Li Ming's sister 2. What does “They” refer to in “They are very busy.”? A. Li Ming and Li Jing B. Li Ming's parents C. The teachers D. The classmates 3. What does “each other” mean in Chinese? A. 每个人 B. 互相 C. 其他 D. 自己 4. Who is good at English? A. Li Ming B. Li Jing C. Their mother D. Their father 5. What subject is Li Ming good at? A. English B. Maths C. Chinese D. Science 三、翻译句子 1. 这是你的书吗？——不，不是我的。 ______ this ______ book? — No, it's not ______. 2. 请随便吃些水果吧，孩子们！ Help ______ to some fruit, children! 3. 我自学了如何做蛋糕。 I ______ ______ how to make a cake. 4. 我们俩都不喜欢这个电影。 ______ of us ______ this film. 5. 明天我们学校有一场篮球赛。 There ______ ______ a basketball match in our school tomorrow. Part 5 本讲总结 代词系统一览表 主格：I / you / he / she / it / we / you / they 宾格：me / you / him / her / it / us / you / them 形物：my / your / his / her / its / our / your / their 名物：mine / yours / his / hers / its / ours / yours / theirs 反身：myself / yourself / himself / herself / itself / ourselves / yourselves / themselves be动词口诀 我（I）用am，你（you）用are，is连着他（he）/她（she）/它（it）； 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are； 变疑问，be提前，句末问号莫忘记； 变否定，更简单，be后not加上去。 参考答案 Part 1 温故知新 — 快速判断练习 1. am 2. is 3. are 4. are 5. is 6. my 7. hers 8. Our 9. your; hers 10. their; ours Part 2 习新知法 — 反身代词练习 1. myself 2. herself 3. yourself 4. themselves 5. himself Part 2 — 不定代词练习 1. any 2. Someone 3. something 4. Both 5. either 6. Nobody 7. some Part 2 — be动词拓展练习 1. will be / is going to be 2. is 3. are 4. Is 5. are Part 3 基础巩固 一、单项选择 1. A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D 二、用所给词填空 1. my; Mine 2. ours 3. my 4. its; itself 5. Your; ours 6. are 7. myself 8. These 9. something 10. themselves 三、句型转换 1. mine 2. isn't any / is no 3. Are; going 4. are good 5. Is anyone Part 4 提高挑战 一、完形填空 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 二、阅读理解 1. D 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 三、翻译句子 1. Is; your; mine 2. yourselves 3. taught myself 4. Neither; likes 5. will be / is going to be 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $