Unit 2 Section A 单词讲义 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

本讲义围绕“鼓舞人心的人”主题，系统梳理形容词（如inspiring、admirable）、名词（如historian、pioneer）、动词（如admire、discover）等核心词汇，涵盖词形变化、短语搭配及例句，语法聚焦“It is/was + adj. (+ for/of sb) + to do sth.”和“It is/was...that 从句”结构，构建从词汇积累到语法应用的递进学习支架。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，词汇通过词形转化（如inspire→inspiring→inspiration）和情境例句强化语言运用，语法用表格对比for/of用法提升分析能力，分层练习题（基础提优、完形阅读）助力学习能力发展。课中便于教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Unit 2 Inspiring People Section A Who do we admire？ 一、形容词 adj. 1. inspiring /ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ/adj. 鼓舞人心的；激励的 →inspire v. 激励；鼓舞；inspired adj. 受鼓舞的；inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人 / 事 【短语】：an inspiring speech 鼓舞人心的演讲；inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事 【例句】：This is an inspiring story for young people.这是一个激励年轻人的故事。 2. admirable /ˈædmərəbl/adj. 令人钦佩的 →admire v. 钦佩；赞赏；admiration n. 敬佩 【短语】：admirable courage 令人敬佩的勇气 【例句】：His perseverance is really admirable.他的毅力着实令人钦佩。 3. brave /breɪv/adj. 勇敢的；无畏的v. 勇敢面对；经受（困难） →bravery n. 勇敢；bravely adv. 勇敢地 【短语】：a brave soldier 勇敢的士兵；be brave enough to do sth. 足够勇敢做某事 【例句】：She is a brave girl who never fears difficulties.她是个从不惧怕困难的勇敢女孩。 动词用法 【短语】：brave the storm 冒着暴风雨前行 【例句】：They braved cold weather to finish the task.他们顶着严寒完成了任务。 4. necessary /ˈnesəsəri/adj. 必要的；必需的 →necessarily adv. 必然地；necessity n. 必需品，必要性 【短语】：It’s necessary to do sth. 做某事很有必要；necessary for sth. 对…… 必不可少 【例句】：It is necessary to learn basic life skills.学习基础生活技能很有必要。 5. western /ˈwestən/adj. 西方的；西部的 →west n./adv. 西方 / 向西；westerner n. 西方人 【短语】：western countries 西方国家；western culture 西方文化 【例句】：Many western festivals are popular in China now.很多西方节日如今在中国很流行。 6. wounded /ˈwuːndɪd/adj. 受伤的；负伤的 →wound n. 伤口 v. 使受伤 【短语】：the wounded soldiers 伤员；a wounded leg 受伤的腿 【例句】：The wounded man was sent to hospital at once.伤者立刻被送往了医院。 7. British /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/adj. 英国的；英国人的n. 英国人 【短语】：British English 英式英语；British culture 英国文化 【例句】：He has a British accent.他带着英式口音。 【例句】：The British love drinking tea.英国人喜爱喝茶。 二、名词 n. 1. historian /hɪˈstɔːriən/n. 历史学家 →history n. 历史；historical adj. 历史的 【短语】：a famous historian 著名历史学家 【例句】：The historian is studying ancient dynasties.这位历史学家正在研究古代朝代。 2. researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə(r)/n. 研究人员 →research v./n. 研究；do research on 研究…… 【短语】：a medical researcher 医学研究员 【例句】：The researcher has done lots of experiments.这名研究员做了大量实验。 3. chemist /ˈkemɪst/n. 化学家 →chemistry n. 化学；chemical adj. 化学的 n. 化学品 【短语】：a great chemist 伟大的化学家 【例句】：The chemist discovered a new material.这位化学家发现了一种新材料。 4. physicist /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/n. 物理学家 →physics n. 物理；physical adj. 物理的，身体的 【例句】：Newton was one of the greatest physicists.牛顿是最伟大的物理学家之一。 5. hunger /ˈhʌŋɡə(r)/n. 饥饿 →hungry adj. 饥饿的；hungrily adv. 饥饿地 【短语】：fight against hunger 对抗饥饿；die of hunger 饿死 【例句】：Many poor people still suffer from hunger.很多穷人依旧饱受饥饿之苦。 6. chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/n. 化学 →chemist n. 化学家；chemical adj. 化学的 【短语】：learn chemistry 学化学；chemistry lab 化学实验室 【例句】：I find chemistry interesting to learn.我觉得化学学起来很有意思。 7. calendar /ˈkælɪndə(r)/n. 日历 【短语】：lunar calendar 农历；wall calendar 挂历 【例句】：I marked the important dates on the calendar.我把重要日期标在了日历上。 8. discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/n. 发现 →discover v. 发现；discoverer n. 发现者 【短语】：make a discovery 做出一项发现；scientific discovery 科学发现 【例句】：This great discovery changed the world.这一伟大发现改变了世界。 9. century /ˈsentʃəri/n. 世纪 【短语】：in the 21st century 在 21 世纪；over centuries 数个世纪以来 【例句】：Great changes took place in this century.这个世纪发生了巨大变革。 10. soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/n. 士兵 →soldierly adj. 军人般的 【短语】：an army soldier 陆军士兵；train soldiers 训练士兵 【例句】：The soldier protected his country bravely.这名士兵勇敢保卫祖国。 11. airway /ˈeəweɪ/n.（飞机的）航线；航路 【短语】：international airway 国际航线 【例句】：This airway connects two big cities.这条航线连接两座大城市。 12. nation /ˈneɪʃn/n. 国家；民族 →national adj. 国家的；民族的；nationality n. 国籍 【短语】：a developing nation 发展中国家；the whole nation 全国人民 【例句】：The whole nation celebrated the big event.举国欢庆这件大事。 13. disease /dɪˈziːz/n. 疾病 【短语】：prevent disease 预防疾病；serious disease 重病 【例句】：Regular exercise can help us stay away from disease.规律运动能帮我们远离疾病。 14. pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/n. 先驱；先锋 【短语】：a pioneer in …… 领域的先驱 【例句】：He is a pioneer in modern medical science.他是现代医学领域的先驱。 15. pyramid /ˈpɪrəmɪd/n. 金字塔 【短语】：the Egyptian pyramids 埃及金字塔 【例句】：The pyramids are world-famous ancient buildings.金字塔是举世闻名的古建筑。 16. balance /ˈbæləns/n. 平衡v. 保持平衡 →balanced adj. 平衡的 【短语】：keep balance 保持平衡；lose balance 失去平衡；a balance between A and B AB 之间的平衡 【例句】：You need a balance between study and rest.你需要平衡学习和休息。 【例句】：She balanced herself on the thin rope.她在细绳索上保持身体平衡。 17. courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/n. 勇气；勇敢 →courageous adj. 勇敢的；encourage v. 鼓励 【短语】：have the courage to do sth. 有勇气做某事；lose courage 丧失勇气 【例句】：It takes courage to admit your mistakes.承认错误需要勇气。 18. wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/n. 智慧；学问 →wise adj. 明智的；wisely adv. 明智地 【短语】：traditional wisdom 传统智慧；collect wisdom 集思广益 【例句】：Old people are full of life wisdom.老年人充满生活智慧。 19. inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃn/n. 鼓舞人心的人（或事物）；灵感 →inspire v. 激励；inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的 【短语】：draw inspiration from 从…… 汲取灵感；an inspiration to sb. 激励某人的人 【例句】：Her story is an inspiration to all young people.她的故事激励着所有年轻人。 20. seed /siːd/n. 种子 【短语】：plant seeds 播种；sunflower seeds 葵花籽 【例句】：Farmers put seeds into the soil in spring.农民春天把种子撒进土里。 21. childhood /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/n. 童年 →child n. 孩子；children pl. 【短语】：happy childhood 快乐的童年；in one’s childhood 在某人童年时期 【例句】：He spent his childhood in a small village.他在一座小村庄度过童年。 22. dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/n. 朝代；王朝 【短语】：the Tang Dynasty 唐朝；ancient dynasties 古代王朝 【例句】：Many great poems came from the Tang Dynasty.许多名篇诗作诞生于唐朝。 三、动词 v. 1. admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/v. 钦佩；赞赏 →admiration n. 敬佩；admirable adj. 令人钦佩的 【短语】：admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩某人；look up to = admire 仰慕 【例句】：I admire him for his hard work.我敬佩他的刻苦努力。 2. discover /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/v. 发现 →discovery n. 发现；discoverer n. 发现者 【短语】：discover sth./that 从句 发现…… 【例句】：Scientists discovered a new planet recently.科学家近期发现了一颗新行星。 3. spread /spred/v. (spread, spread) 传播；散布n. 传播；散布 【短语】：spread news 散播消息；spread to 蔓延到 【例句】：The good news spread quickly around the town.好消息很快传遍了小镇。 【例句】：We stopped the spread of the illness in time.我们及时阻止了疾病扩散。 四、固定短语 1.drop out (of sth.) 辍学；不再参加 【例句】：He didn’t drop out of school though life was hard.尽管生活艰难，他没有辍学。 2.look up to sb. 钦佩；仰慕某人 【例句】：Students look up to their respected teacher.学生们敬重这位受人爱戴的老师。 3.come true 实现；成为现实 【例句】：My dream of being a doctor finally came true.我当医生的梦想终于实现了。 语法专项聚焦 一 It is/was + adj. (+ for/of sb) + to do sth. “It is/was + adj. + to do sth.” 意为 “做某事是…… 的”，是固定句式，其中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式 (短语)。 I think it's important to sleep eight hours a day. 我认为每天睡 8 个小时很重要。 二者的具体用法为： 句式 含义 & 用法说明 常见形容词 It is/was + adj. + for sb + to do sth. 意为 “对某人来说，做某事是…… 的”；该句型中的形容词表示事物所具备的特征或客观情况。 cheap, convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, exciting, expensive, important, interesting, necessary, possible, useful, wonderful 等 It is/was + adj.+of sb + to do sth. 意为 “某人做某事是…… 的”；该句型中的形容词描述的是人的特征、品质等。of 后的 sb 与后面的动词不定式 (短语) 之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，一般都可以转换成一个 of 后的宾语充当主语的句子。 brave, careless, clever, foolish, good, helpful, honest, kind, nice, polite, silly, stupid, wrong 等 It's necessary for the students to do eye exercises twice a day. 对学生们来说一天做两次眼保健操是有必要的。 It is kind of you to share some good ideas with me. = You are kind to share some good ideas with me. 你真好，和我分享一些好主意。 二 It is/was...that 从句 “It is/was...that 从句.” 意为 “…… 是…… 的”，是固定句式，其中 it 为形式主语，that 从句为真正的主语。 常见的结构主要有以下几种： 1.It is/was + 形容词 + that 从句 用于表达 “…… 是…… 的”，常见的形容词有 important, necessary, possible, clear, strange 等，that 从句说明导致该形容词状态的原因或相关情况。 It is important that we keep healthy. 我们保持健康是很重要的。 It is necessary that you arrive on time. 你准时到达是有必要的。 2.It is/was + 名词 (短语)+ that 从句 用于表达 “…… 是一件…… 的事”。常见名词短语有 a pity, a fact, a shame, good news, no wonder 等。that 从句作为真正的主语对前面的名词 (短语) 进行解释说明。 It is a pity that you missed the concert. 很遗憾你错过了那场音乐会。 It is no wonder that he is so tired—he worked all night. 难怪他这么累，他工作了一整晚。 3.It is/was + 过去分词 + that 从句 用于表达 “据说 / 据报道 / 据认为……”，这类结构常用来转述信息。常见的过去分词有 said, reported, believed, known, suggested 等。 It is said that he has won first prize. 据说他获得了一等奖。 It was reported that the accident happened at midnight. 据报道，事故发生在午夜。 语法提优练 一、根据句意，用 for,of 或 that 填空 1. It was brave ______ him to go to the lonely island alone. 2. It is inspiring ______ Marie Curie won two Nobel Prizes in different fields. 3. It is not wise ______ a student to waste too much time playing video games. 4. It’s possible ______ scientists to complete research projects quickly by using DeepSeek. 5. It’s very dangerous ______ us to talk on the phone while crossing the road. 二、完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子 1.人们在缺水的沙漠里种树是很难的。 It’s difficult ______ people ____________________ in the desert where there is little water. 2.十年前对于他来说买得起这样一辆昂贵的车是不可能的。 ________________________________________ to afford such an expensive car ten years ago. 3.他能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作，真是太神奇了。 ________________________________________ he can finish the work in such a short time. 4.对学生们来说，了解不同国家的不同文化是很有趣的。 ________________________________________ students to learn about different cultures from different countries. 5.对青少年来说，向父母倾诉他们的烦恼是很有必要的。 It’s very ____________________ pour out their troubles to their parents. 三、短文填空：用所给单词的适当形式填空（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词） that amaze strong try serious she of spend write hero Who is your favourite person? Why do you like him or 1. ______? Because of their cool looks? Money? A lot of talent (才华)? In my opinion, Helen Keller is one of the most famous 2. ______ all over the world. Helen is a famous writer and educator (教育家) in America. When Helen was a baby, she was 3. ______ ill. She couldn’t see or hear. As time passed, things got so bad that she couldn’t understand anything. She couldn’t speak to anyone else. She couldn’t read or write, either. But she had a 4. ______ will. With the help of her teacher, Miss Sullivan, it was 5. ______ for her to attend Harvard University at the age of 20 and get a degree 4 years later. Helen Keller 6. ______ her life helping many blind and deaf people. It was sad 7. ______ she died of illness when she was a very old woman. In her life, she 8. ______ fourteen books and today they are still read by people of all ages. It was brave 9. ______ her to face so many difficulties and keep going. She is still remembered now because she was both brave and wonderful. “No matter what environment you are in, don’t stop 10. ______,” Helen Keller said. From her true story, I realized whatever we do, we should never give up. She is a true hero in the heart of all the people. 基础提优练 新知特训 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. The firefighters showed ______ (admire) courage in the face of the raging fire. 2. Through hard work and her ______ (wise), Lily has achieved a lot of success. 3. ______ (research) in medicine have made many ______ (discover) that have improved people’s health over the years. 4. The writer’s ______ speech became an important ______ for my story writing. (inspire) 5. With useful modern tools, ______ can quickly study ______ materials and come up with new findings. (history) 二、选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空（有一项多余） balance physics Britain calendar chemistry West 1. Many people think that the ______ have an unusual sense of humour. 2. Lily finds it challenging ______ her part-time job and school lessons. 3. In the ______ restaurants, soup is always served first, and then the main course. 4. Stephen Hawking, as one of the greatest ______ in the world, died on March 14th, 2018. 5. Tu Youyou is not only a great ______ but also the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize. 三、根据语境，用适当的虚词盲填 1. Huang Xuhua was ______ pioneer of China’s nuclear submarine (核潜艇) program. 2. The Internet is probably the most popular invention ______ the late twentieth century. 3. For us teenagers, astronauts are great heroes that we should look up ______. 4. The study says many people in the world are ______ hunger, so we should stop wasting food. 5. The firefighters were full ______ courage when they rushed into the burning building yesterday. 四、情境题 完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子 1.父亲去世后，她不得不辍学照顾年幼的弟弟妹妹。 After her father’s death, she had to ____________________ and look after her young brothers and sisters. 2.那年战争爆发了，她自愿悉心照料受伤的士兵，还竭力阻止疾病在村子里传播。 A war broke out that year. She volunteered to take good care of the ____________________ and tried hard to stop the ____________________ in the village. 3.她是个勇敢的女孩，总是毫无畏惧地面对生活中的困难，所有的村民都钦佩她的勇气。 She is a ____________________ who always ____________________ in life without fear, and all the villagers ____________________. 4.经过多年的刻苦努力，她想当一名乡村教师的童年梦想终于实现了。 After years of hard work, her ____________________ of being a village teacher finally ____________________. 5.现在她常常告诉学生，在学习和课外活动之间保持平衡是很有必要的。 Now she often tells her students that it is ____________________ between study and after-school activities. 综合提优练 主题拓展 五、完形填空 Liang Wenfeng is a (n) 1 figure in the world of artificial intelligence (AI). He is the founder of DeepSeek, a company that has made a difference to the 2 of AI. Liang’s journey is an inspiring story of innovation (创新) and hard work. Many young people 3 him. Born in a small town, Liang showed a strong interest in technology from a young age. His love for technology 4 him to study at university. There, he not only got 5 but also developed a deep understanding of AI. After graduation, Liang joined a leading tech company, where he quickly made a name for 6. He led several important projects and won many prizes for his work. 7, he was not satisfied with just working for someone else. He had a dream of creating something truly groundbreaking. In 2023, he started his own company called DeepSeek. Under Liang’s leadership, DeepSeek has achieved huge success. The company focuses on developing advanced AI technologies that can 8 real-world problems. The innovation has not only helped businesses make better decisions but also opened up new possibilities for the future of AI. Liang 9 that the key to success is to keep learning. He often says, “The world is changing quickly, and we must be ready to face new challenges.” His hard work and 10 have made DeepSeek a leader in the AI industry. ( ) 1. A. modern B. common C. usual D. admirable ( ) 2. A. prediction B. team C. field D. space ( ) 3. A. look after B. look up to C. laugh at D. look for ( ) 4. A. agreed B. invited C. caught D. led ( ) 5. A. tradition B. knowledge C. surprise D. happiness ( ) 6. A. him B. her C. himself D. herself ( ) 7. A. However B. Therefore C. Instead D. Besides ( ) 8. A. deal B. solve C. choose D. miss ( ) 9. A. plans B. supposes C. hopes D. believes ( ) 10. A. competitions B. surprises C. wisdom D. differences 六、阅读理解 Wang Haoze made history in 2024 as China’s first female flight engineer and a member of the Shenzhou-19 crew. Her journey to space is a story of hard work. It shows that even the hardest goals can be achieved (实现) with a willing mind. Born in 1990 in Hebei Province, Wang grew up in a strict but loving family. Her mother was a teacher, and her father worked as a policeman. From a young age, she learned the value of keeping on doing something. In 2008, she passed the Gaokao and joined Southeast University in Nanjing. There, she was good at studying and loved sports, often competing in races. After graduating in 2015, Wang became a rocket engineer in Beijing. In 2018, she applied for (申请) China’s astronaut program. Over two years, she faced hard tests against 2,500 people. Although failing many times, she never gave up. Finally, she became one of the 18 new astronauts—and the only woman in the group. On October 30, 2024, Wang’s dream came true. She flew into space with two teammates aboard Shenzhou-19, becoming China’s third female astronaut. Wang Haoze’s story shows that with a willing mind, normal people can make splendid things. Her story makes more people pursue their dreams, no matter how impossible they seem. ( ) 1. How does the passage tell Wang Haoze’s story? A. By asking questions. B. By using conversations. C. By comparing her with others. D. By showing events in time order. ( ) 2. The underlined word “splendid” probably means “______” in the passage. A. small B. serious C. wonderful D. difficult ( ) 3. Which of the following is TRUE about Wang Haoze? A. She became China’s first female flight engineer in 2023. B. She worked as a rocket engineer before becoming an astronaut. C. She was one of the two women chosen in the 2018 astronaut group. D. She was chosen as an astronaut immediately after graduating from university. ( ) 4. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Life in Hebei Province B. A Woman’s Engineer Dream C. The History of Shenzhou-19 D. From a Rocket Engineer to a Space Hero 七、补全对话：根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整 A: Hi, Tom! 1. ________________________________________? B: I admire Qian Xuesen the most. A: 2. ________________________________________? B: He was a scientist in aerospace and technology and helped China develop its first missiles and satellites. A: What contributions did he make to China? B: His work made China stronger in science and technology. A: 3. ________________________________________? B: People often call him “the Father of China’s Aerospace” and “the King of Rockets”. A: 4. ________________________________________? B: People admire him because he devoted himself to developing Chinese aerospace and technology and made great contributions to the country. A: How do you know the information? B: 5. ________________________________________. Here is the book about him. A: Thank you! I will read it. 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $