精品解析：江苏省南京外国语学院2024-2025学年九年级上学期第二次月考英语试题卷

南京外国语学院初三年级英语阶段练习（二） 试卷总分：100分 考试时间：100分钟 卷Ⅰ客观题（满分55分） Please put your answers by filling in the correct boxes with 2B pencil on the multiple choice answer card. (请将以下选择题的答案用2B铅笔填在答题卡上。) Ⅰ. Multiple choice (1'×25=25') 1. The old man heard the song his mother used to sing to him in his childhood. He gently danced ________ it while softly singing ________ tears filling his eyes. A. to; in B. to; with C. with; in D. by; with 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位老人听到了母亲过去常唱给他的歌。他轻轻地伴着它跳舞，同时轻声歌唱，眼里含着泪。 to到；in在……里面；with和；by通过；表示“随着（音乐/歌曲）起舞” 的固定搭配是dance to the music/song，因此第一空用to。“with+名词+现在分词”是常见的伴随状语结构，表示“眼里含着泪水”的伴随状态，因此第二空用with。 2. Though my younger brother is only ________, he is determined to go on an expedition (探险) to the South Pole ________ in the future. A. 10-year-old; sometimes B. 10 years old; sometime C. 10-year-old; some time D. 10 years old; some times 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：虽然我的弟弟只有十岁，但他决心在将来的某个时候去南极探险。 第一空10-year-old是带连字符的复合形容词，只能放在名词前作定语；10 years old是名词性短语，可在be动词后作表语。空格位于is后作表语，因此用10 years old。 第二空sometime表示“某个时候”，用于指将来或过去的不确定时间；sometimes表示“有时”，是频率副词；some time表示“一段时间”；some times表示“几次”。根据“in the future”的语境，此处指将来的某个时间，应用sometime，应填10 years old；sometime。 3. ________ girl, with ________ knowledge, yet she has the desire to explore the world and the potential to learn anything she is determined to. A. Such a little; such little B. Such a little; so little C. So little a; such little D. So little; so little 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：一个这么小的女孩，拥有如此少的知识，但她却有探索世界的渴望和学习任何她下定决心要学事物的潜力。 so和such都表示“如此”，但so修饰形容词，such修饰名词。such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数表示“这么……的……”；so little+不可数名词表示“如此少的……”。第一空修饰名词用such，第二空修饰不可数名词knowledge，little意为“少的”，表示数量，固定搭配为so little。应填Such a little; so little。 4. There were 5 candidates (候选人) for me to ________. Finally I chose Dorothy as my partner because she was patient and easygoing enough for me to ________. A. choose from; get on with B. choose from; get on C. choose; get on with D. choose; get on 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：有5个候选人供我从中选择。最后我选择了Dorothy作为我的搭档，因为对我来说她足够耐心且随和，容易相处。 第一空，根据“5 candidates”可知是从一定范围内进行选择，应用choose from；第二空，根据“partner”及语境可知指与人相处融洽，应用固定短语get on with表示“相处得好”。故选A。 5. The old woman was holding the ________ box tightly (紧紧地)________ it had contained the most precious treasure in the world. A. old white wooden; even if B. old white wooden; as if C. white old wooden; even if D. white old wooden; as if 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：那位老妇人紧紧地抱着那个白色的旧木盒子，好像里面曾装着世界上最珍贵的宝藏。 even if即使；as if好像。多个形容词修饰名词的顺序通常为“限定词+观点+大小+年龄+形状+颜色+产地+材料”，old表年龄，white表颜色，wooden表材料，故第一空顺序为old white wooden；根据“was holding the...box tightly...it had contained the most precious treasure”可知，是指老人紧紧抱着盒子，好像里面曾装着宝藏，第二空用as if。 6. There ________ be any delays in the production line, as we ________ keep up with the high demand for our products to stay competitive (有竞争力的) in the market. A. mustn’t; need to B. won’t; need to C. shouldn’t; need D. can’t; need 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：生产线上绝对不能有任何延误，因为我们需要满足对我们产品的高需求以在市场上保持竞争力。 mustn’t禁止；won’t将不会；shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能；need to需要做；need需要。第一空表示“绝对不能”，语气强烈，应用mustn’t。第二空表示“需要做某事”，应用need to do。应填mustn’t; need to。 7. —Mum, can we go to a movie after school this Friday? —Sure, but until little Jimmy ________ his homework. A. will finish B. finishing C. finished D. finishes 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——妈妈，这周五放学后我们可以去看电影吗？——当然，但要直到小吉米完成他的作业。 在until引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表将来，主语little Jimmy是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用finishes。 8. Although Sherry knew this would cause her trouble, she still ________ her classmates who cheated in the exam and believed they would be punished for their dishonesty. A. told of B. told off C. told on D. told about 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：虽然Sherry知道这会给她带来麻烦，但她仍然告发了那些考试作弊的同学，并相信他们会因不诚实而受到惩罚。 根据“cheated in the exam”和“believed they would be punished”可知，Sherry的行为导致作弊同学受罚，且给自己带来麻烦，说明是向老师或权威“告发”了同学。tell on具有告发之意，符合语境；tell off意为责备，tell of/about意为讲述，均不符合导致受罚的逻辑。 9. The meeting is going to ________ next week, and we will use advanced digital technology to ________ of traditional methods to make communication more interactive and effective. A. take place; take place B. take place; take the place C. take the place; take place D. take the place; take the place 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：会议将于下周举行，我们将使用先进的数字技术来取代传统方法，使沟通更加互动和有效。 take place发生，举行，为不及物短语，后不接宾语；take the place常与of连用，意为“代替”。第一空根据“The meeting is going to...next week”可知指会议举行，且后无of，故用take place；第二空根据“…of traditional methods”可知指取代传统方法，且空后有of，故用take the place。 10. With so many mysteries ________, the research team felt a sense of relief. But they knew they still had a lot of problems ________ before they could declare success. A. solved; to solve B. solved; to be solved C. being solved; to be solved D. having been solved; to solve 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：随着如此多的谜团被解开，研究小组感到了一种解脱感。但他们知道在宣布成功之前，他们仍有许多问题要解决。 第一空考查with复合结构，mysteries与solve之间是被动关系，且根据felt a sense of relief可知动作已完成，故用过去分词solved作宾语补足语；第二空考查不定式作定语，在“have+名词+to do”结构中，当句子主语是不定式的逻辑主语时，常用主动形式表示被动含义，本句主语they是solve的执行者，故用to solve。应填solved; to solve。 11. Excited by the good news, Marie lay in bed with her eyes ________ open while all her family were sleeping ________. A. wide; deeply B. widely; deeply C. wide; deep D. widely; deep 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：听到这个好消息很兴奋，玛丽躺在床上眼睛睁得大大的，而她所有的家人都在熟睡。 wide充分地，widely广泛地；deep深深地 (具体深度)，deeply深深地 (抽象程度)。第一空修饰open，表示眼睛睁得大，固定搭配wide open，应用wide。第二空修饰sleeping，表示睡得很熟，属于抽象程度，应用deeply。 12. John and Sarah, ________ has ever been to a concert before, are excitedly looking forward to their first music event tonight. A. neither of them B. both of whom C. none of whom D. neither of whom 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：约翰和莎拉，他们俩以前都没去过音乐会，正兴奋地期待着今晚他们的第一场音乐活动。 neither of them他们两人都不；both of whom他们两人都；none of whom他们三人及以上都不；neither of whom他们两人都不。句中逗号后无连词，判定为非限制性定语从句，需用关系代词whom指代人，排除A项（them不能引导从句）；John and Sarah是两个人，none用于三者及以上，排除C项；根据“their first music event”可知是第一次去，说明以前都没去过，both表示肯定，neither表示否定。故填neither of whom。 13. In this position, ________ doesn’t make much difference whether you have a lot of working experience. ________ really matters is that you should be creative enough. A. it; What B. it; That C. what; It D. what; What 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：在这个职位上，你是否有许多工作经验这并没有多大区别。真正重要的事是你应该足够有创造力。 第一空，it作形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的从句，符合固定结构it doesn’t make much difference whether...（是否……影响不大） ；第二空，is前是整个句子的主语，属于主语从句。在这个主语从句中，matters是谓语动词，从句内部缺少主语成分：That引导名词性从句（包括主语从句）时，只起连接作用，不充当从句成分，也没有实际含义，不符合此处缺主语的结构要求； What引导主语从句时，可以在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分，含义为“……的事情/东西”，刚好符合此处“真正要紧的事情”的语义和结构要求，因此第二个空填What。 14. My brother ________ a memorial event remembering the Chinese People’s Volunteers (中国人民志愿军) after watching the touching film The Volunteers: The Battle of Life and Death. Now he wants to ________ the army some day to protect our motherland. A. jointed in; join in B. joined; join C. joined in; join D. joined; join in 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我哥哥在看完感人的电影《志愿军：存亡之战》后，参加了一个纪念中国人民志愿军的活动。现在他想有一天参军保卫祖国。 第一空“参加活动”应用join in，join in后接具体活动，且描述过去动作，应用一般过去时，对应过去式为joined in；第二空“参军”应用join the army，join后接团体组织，want to do“想要做”，to后接原形join构成不定式，应填joined in; join。 15. —I don’t think she will come to the party tomorrow evening, ________? —________. She said she would have finished her project by tomorrow afternoon. A. do I; No B. will she; No C. won’t she; Yes D. will she; Yes 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我认为她明天晚上不会来参加派对，是吗？——不，她会来的。她说她到明天下午就能完成她的项目了。 当主句是I think且为否定形式（I don’t think）时，构成否定前移，即实际否定的是宾语从句。因此反意疑问句的主语和谓语应与宾语从句一致，从句实际为否定，故疑问部分用肯定形式will she。回答时，应根据事实回答。后句“She said she would have finished”暗示她会来，所以回答应为“Yes, she will.”或简略回答为“Yes.”。 16. Which sentence has a different structure from the other three? A. I found it really hard to do the washing-up. B. My mum taught me how to do the washing-up yesterday. C. I helped my mum do the washing-up after supper tonight. D. Therefore, my mum called me “little helper”. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：哪个句子的结构与其他三个不同？ I found it really hard to do the washing-up我发现洗碗实在是件难事，整体属于“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构；My mum taught me how to do the washing-up yesterday妈妈昨天教我如何洗碗，属于“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构；I helped my mum do the washing-up after supper tonight今晚晚饭后我帮妈妈洗了碗，属于“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构；Therefore, my mum called me “little helper”于是，妈妈称呼我为 “小帮手”，属于“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。A、C、D项均为宾补结构，只有B项为双宾语结构。 17. I don’t care ________ you said to me. I won’t listen to you anyway. A. that it was what B. what it was what C. that it was that D. what it was that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我根本不在乎你对我说了什么，反正我不会听你的。 此处care（在乎）是及物动词，后面接宾语从句；从句里said缺少宾语，指代“说的内容”，必须用连接词what。强调句型嵌套（it was…that强调句式），宾语从句内部用了强调句型：it was+被强调部分(what)+that+剩余句子，正常陈述句：you said what to me，改成强调句：it was what that you said to me。宾语从句必须用陈述语序：what it was that…。 18. —Sorry, I was not paying attention. What did you say? —I said I wasn’t sure ________. A. that it would be Tom’s birthday tomorrow B. whether Tom would arrive on time or not C. what was the matter with Tom D. what was Tom’s school number 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——抱歉，我没注意听。你说了什么？——我说我不确定汤姆是否会准时到达。 宾语从句需用陈述语序，C、D选项为疑问语序，排除；be not sure表示“不确定”，后常接if或whether引导的从句表示“是否”，A选项that通常引导确定性事实，不符合语境，D项正确。 19. He couldn’t help but (忍不住) wear an ________ look on his face, surrounded by a carpet of ________ leaves that crunched (发出碎裂声) softly under his feet. A. amazed; fallen B. amazed; falling C. amazing; falling D. amazing; fallen 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他忍不住脸上露出惊讶的表情，周围是一片落下的叶子铺成的地毯，在他的脚下发出柔和的碎裂声。 amazed感到惊讶的，amazing令人惊讶的；fallen已落下的，falling正在落下的。第一空修饰look，表示人感到惊讶，用amazed；第二空根据“under his feet”可知叶子已落在地上，表完成，用fallen。故选A。 20. —The last question was too difficult for me. —________. And ________ for me. A. So was it; so the rest were B. So it was; so was the rest C. So was it; so the rest was D. So it was; so were the rest 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——最后一道题对我来说太难了。——确实是那样。而且剩下的题对我来说也太难了。 第一空：赞同对方所说的事实，应用“So+主语+be动词/助动词”，意为“确实如此”。第二空：表示“其余问题对我也一样”，应用“So+be动词/助动词+ 主语”，表示前文的情况也适用于后者，意为“……也一样”，the rest指复数概念，be动词用were。故选D。 21. I ________ the solicitor’s legal advice. Now I’m stuck in a difficult situation, out of which I can see no way. A. should take B. shouldn’t take C. should have taken D. shouldn’t have taken 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我本应该听取律师的法律建议。现在我陷入了困境，看不出有什么出路。 根据后半句“Now I’m stuck in a difficult situation”可知，说话者现在深陷于无法摆脱的困境，这显然是因为当初没有听取律师的专业法律建议。在英语中，“should have+过去分词”结构用来表示对过去未发生的事情感到遗憾、后悔或责备，意为“过去本应该做某事而实际上未做”。 22. The popularity of electric vehicles ________ the growing need for widespread and accessible (可使用的) charging infrastructure (充电设施). A. increases B. includes C. involves D. introduces 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：电动汽车的普及增加了对广泛且易于使用的充电设施日益增长的需求。 increases增加；includes包括；involves涉及；introduces介绍。根据“The popularity of electric vehicles”及“the growing need”可知，电动汽车越普及，对充电设施的需求就越大，因此是“增加”了需求。 23. I won’t achieve my goal ________ I work hard, and I won’t stop pushing myself ________ I finally reach the peak of success. A. until; until B. unless; unless C. until; unless D. unless; until 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：除非我努力，否则我不会实现目标，并且我不会停止鞭策自己，直到我最终到达成功的顶峰。 第一空：表示“如果不努力，就不会实现目标”，应用unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句。第二空：表示“一直鞭策自己，直到达到顶峰”，应用until“直到……为止”，引导时间状语从句。 24. Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct? A. Can you imagine now I live in where used to be a graveyard? B. The equipment you provided is different from the one saw in your factory. C. Having not been warned about the wet floor, she fell heavily. D. All I have to do is watch the machine pass the bottle to the next. 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子在语法上是正确的？ A项，Can you imagine now I live in where used to be a graveyard?你能想象吗，我如今住在一片曾经是墓地的地方？（错误，介词in后不能直接接where引导的名词性从句）；B项，The equipment you provided is different from the one saw in your factory.你提供的这套设备和我在你们工厂见到的那台不一样。（错误，the one与see是被动关系，应使用过去分词seen或定语从句that was seen）；C项，Having not been warned about the wet floor, she fell heavily.没人提醒她地面湿滑，她重重地摔了一跤。（错误，现在分词的否定形式中，否定词Not必须置于having前）；D项，All I have to do is watch the machine pass the bottle to the next.我只需要看着机器把瓶子传送至下一道工序即可。（正确，主语含有实义动词do时，表语不定式可省略to；watch为感官动词，后接省略to的不定式，watch sb. do sth.“看见某人做某事”）。因此，应填All I have to do is watch the machine pass the bottle to the next. 25. —Oh God, who broke my new cup? —Sorry, ________. I knocked it off carelessly while passing by. I’ll buy a new one for you. A. it’s not my problem B. forget about it C. I didn’t mean to D. just joking 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——噢，天啊，谁打碎了我的新杯子？——对不起，我不是故意的。我路过的时候不小心把它弄碎了。我会给你买一个新的。 it’s not my problem这不是我的问题；forget about it忘掉它、不要提了、不必在意；I didn’t mean to我不是故意的；just joking只是开玩笑。根据“I knocked it off carelessly while passing”可知，此处是说“我不是故意的”，I didn’t mean to符合语境。 Ⅱ. Cloze test (1'×15=15') As I sit here, surrounded by the quiet of my study, my mind wanders back to the tumultuous (混乱的) days of my teenage years. It was a period when I was continuously torn (举棋不定的) between the carefree joys of youth and the pressing responsibilities of adulthood. Life during those years was a mix of emotions, a roller coaster ride that I will never ____26____. I remember vividly the day I started high school. The air was filled with excitement-and the sense of a new beginning. I was both hopeful and scared, excited to explore the world but also nervous about the ____27____. My friends and I would spend hours after school ____28____ in the park, dreaming about our futures and the ____29____ that waited for us. One of the most important events during my teenage years was joining the school’s drama club. It was there that I found my enthusiasm for acting. The stage became my shelter (庇护), a place where I could ____30____ from the pressures of everyday life. Our performances were a blend of hard work and creativity, and the applause (掌声) from the audience was the ____31____ sound I had ever heard. ____32____, not every memory from that time is pleasant. There were moments of disappointment and ____33____. I recall the first time I experienced rejection (拒绝), when a girl I fell in love with turned me down. It was a hard blow to my youthful pride, but it taught me about resilience (快速恢复) and perseverance (不屈不挠). Studies were also a major part of my teenage experience. I struggled with math and science, often feeling like I was drowning (溺水) in a sea of numbers and formulas. But my English teacher, Mrs. Thompson, saw ____34____ in me. She encouraged me to develop my writing, which ____35____ led to me winning a local essay contest. That victory was a brilliant moment that built up my confidence and changed my opinion on my ____36____. As I look back on those years, I realize that my teenage self was easily ____37____ and hurt. I was trying to find my place in the world, to understand who I was and ____38____ I wanted to be. There were times when I felt lonely, like I didn’t belong anywhere. But those feelings were mitigated (减轻) by the love and support of my family and close friends. I see that my teenage years were a key period of growth. They were filled with challenges and mistakes, but also with moments of success and self-discovery. I am ____39____ for every experience, both good and bad, because they have shaped me into the person I am today. And ____40____ I may not miss the tumult of being a teenager, I value the values I acquired during that time. 26. A. try B. experience C. remember D. forget 27. A. unknown B. unusual C. unreal D. unhappy 28. A. moving around B. turning around C. looking around D. hanging around 29. A. careers B. chances C. challenges D. competitions 30. A. learn B. escape C. suffer D. recover 31. A. sweetest B. deepest C. noisiest D. longest 32. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Furthermore 33. A. backache B. headache C. heartache D. stomachache 34. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything 35. A. especially B. eventually C. hopefully D. occasionally 36. A. qualities B. realities C. abilities D. possibilities 37. A. influenced B. changed C. damaged D. felt 38. A. how B. why C. what D. who 39. A. sorry B. ready C. grateful D. responsible 40. A. when B. unless C. as D. though 【答案】26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文作者回忆了青少年时期的混乱与成长，讲述了高中生活、戏剧俱乐部、挫折与成功，表达了对那段经历的感激之情。 【26题详解】 句意：那段生活是情感的混合，是一场我永远不会忘记的过山车之旅。 根据“my mind wanders back”及全文回忆的语境，可知这段经历刻骨铭心，永远不会忘记，forget “忘记” 符合语境。try“尝试”，experience“经历/体验”，remember“记住”都不符合语境。 【27题详解】 句意：我既充满希望又害怕，兴奋于探索世界，但也对未知感到紧张。 根据“nervous”及新生入学的语境，紧张通常源于对“未知”事物的恐惧，unknown“未知的” 符合语境。unusual“不寻常的”，unreal“不真实的”，unhappy“不开心的”都不符合语境。 【28题详解】 句意：我和朋友们放学后会在公园里闲逛几个小时。 根据“spend hours...in the park”及“dreaming”可知，这是在“闲逛”，hanging around“闲逛/徘徊”符合语境。moving around“四处移动”，turning around“转身/掉头”，looking around“环顾四周” 都不符合语境。 【29题详解】 句意：我和朋友们放学后会在公园里逛上几个小时，憧憬着我们的未来，也盼着那些等待着我们的机遇。 根据句意，“我和朋友”期待未来等待自己的机遇，符合青少年畅想未来的语境，chances“机会，机遇”符合语境。careers“职业/事业”，challenges“挑战” ，competitions“比赛/竞争”都不符合语境。 【30题详解】 句意：舞台成了我的庇护所，一个我可以逃离日常生活压力的地方。 根据前文“The stage became my shelter”，可知舞台是让我能从日常生活的压力中逃离的地方，escape“逃离/逃避” 符合语境。learn“学习”，suffer“遭受/受苦”，recover“恢复 / 康复”都不符合语境。 【31题详解】 句意：观众的掌声是我听过的最甜美的声音。 根据“applause”及成功演出的语境，掌声令人愉悦，用最甜美的形容心理感受，sweetest“最甜美的”符合语境。deepest“最深的”，noisiest“最吵闹的”，longest“最长的”都不符合语境。 【32题详解】 句意：然而，并非那段时期的每个记忆都是愉快的。 前文讲愉快经历，此处讲不愉快，存在转折关系，However“然而/但是”符合语境。Therefore“因此/所以”，Instead“相反/反而”，Furthermore“此外/而且”都不符合语境。 【33题详解】 句意：有过失望和心痛的时刻。 根据“rejection”及“love”可知，情感上的拒绝带来的是心痛，heartache“心痛/伤心”符合语境。backache“背痛”，headache“头痛”，stomachache“胃痛/腹痛”都不符合语境。 【34题详解】 句意：但我的英语老师在我身上看到了一些东西（潜力）。 根据后文“she encouraged me to develop my writing”，可知老师在我身上看到了“某种东西/潜力”。固定搭配"see something in sb."意为“看到某人的潜力”。 【35题详解】 句意：这最终导致我赢得了当地的一场作文比赛。 根据“develop my writing”到“winning”的过程，表示努力后的结果，eventually“最终/终于”符合语境。especially“尤其/特别”，hopefully“有希望地”，occasionally“偶尔/间或”都不符合语境。 【36题详解】 句意：改变了我对自己能力的看法。 根据前文“That victory built up my confidence”，可知这次经历改变了我对自己能力的看法，abilities“能力”符合语境。qualities“品质/特质”，realities“现实/事实”，possibilities“可能性”都不符合语境。 【37题详解】 句意：我意识到青少年时期的我很容易受影响且受伤。 根据后文“and hur”，结合并列关系，可知青少年时期的我很容易被 影响”和伤害， influenced“影响”符合语境。changed“改变”，damaged“损坏/破坏”，felt“感觉/觉得”都不符合语境。 【38题详解】 句意：理解我是谁以及我想成为谁。 根据前文“to understand who I was”，并列关系，可知是想知道自己“想要成为什么样的人”，用what“什么”引导宾语从句。how“如何/怎样”，why“为什么”，who“谁”都不符合语境。 【39题详解】 句意：我对每一种经历都心存感激。 根据后文“for every experience…I am today”，可知我对这些经历是感激的， grateful“感激的”符合语境。sorry“抱歉的/难过的”，ready“准备好的”，responsible“有责任的/负责的”都不符合语境。 【40题详解】 句意：虽然我不会怀念青少年的混乱，但我珍视那时获得的价值观。 根据后文“I may not miss…acquired during that time”，前后是让步关系，though“虽然/尽管”符合语境。when“当……时候”，unless“除非/如果不”，as“当……时候/因为/作为”都不符合语境。 Ⅲ. Reading comprehension (1'×15=15') A Beijing’s Daxing International Airport is now the world’s largest airport terminal (航站楼), taking the area of 7.5 million square feet—the size of 98 soccer fields. It cost $11 billion to build, and it can handle 300 takeoffs and landings an hour. Its 400 self-service check-in kiosks (自助登机亭) and smart security checks are all designed to help shorten queuing time and improve security. From outdoor spaces to plenty of food and drink options, it’s obvious that Daxing will be an airport you actually want to hang out at. Here’s a first look at the Chinese capital’s futuristic terminal. How it’s built Designed by the British architect Zaha Hadid, Daxing looks like a giant starfish from above, with six curved spokes (辐条) spreading out. Inside the core (核心), an enormous atrium (中庭) is supported by eight giant C-shaped pillars (柱子), each with a 350-foot-wide skylight at the top—meaning there’s natural light everywhere. The whole airport fits under one roof and all of its facilities are easy for travelers to use, no matter how far they’re flying. The starfish design means you never have to walk more than 10 minutes from the core to the farthest gate in each wing. Where to eat With 70 food and drink outlets, you won’t go hungry in Daxing. Look for hot bowls of ramen at Japanese chain Ajisen Ramen, old-school Chinese snacks at Laoshe Teahouse, and traditional dumplings at both Family Dumpling and Cristal Jade. The Dining Room serves typical Shanghai-style dim sum (点心) along with some dan dan noodles. Travelers looking for Western options have American-style restaurant Blue Frog for steak and burgers, healthy concept Element Fresh for salads and sandwiches, and Godiva for chocolate treats. How to get in and out It’s located in the south of the capital, 28.5 miles from Tiananmen Square and downtown Beijing. If there’s light traffic, it’ll take you around 1.5 hours to get between the airport and the city by taxi. On a rainy or stormy day, expect at least a two-hour ride. Public transport, for now, is no better. The all-new high-speed Daxing Express gets you to Caoqiao Station in 19 minutes, but there aren’t any Daxing Express stations near central Beijing. You’ll have to switch to the subway—Line 10 to arrive at Caoqiao Station, and then Daxing Express there will take you to the airport. 41. According to the text, Daxing International Airport _________. ①covers an area of 7.5 million square feet ②is as big as 98 soccer fields ③cost 11 billion yuan to build ④has 350-foot wide skylight at the top ⑤handles 300 takeoffs and landings a day A. ①②④ B. ①③④ C. ①④⑤ D. ②③④ 42. Why is Daxing International Airport designed in the shape of a starfish? A. Because the starfish shape looks special from above. B. Because the starfish shape allows natural light everywhere in the airport. C. Because the starfish shape fits the whole airport under one floor. D. Because the starfish shape shortens people’s walking distances. 43. Which of the following adjectives can best describe the food at Daxing International Airport? A. Delicious. B. Typical. C. Various. D. Traditional. 44. It can be learned from the last part that ________. A. you can take Daxing Express which is near central Beijing to get to the airport B. the time spent on the journey to Daxing International Airport is not affected by weather C. public transport to Daxing International Airport is not very convenient now D. it is faster to take public transport than to take a taxi to get to the airport 45. What can we infer (推断) from the article? A. Daxing International Airport is the world’s biggest airport now. B. It is easy for people to go to and fly from Daxing International Airport. C. Daxing International Airport is considered as a futuristic airport because of its unusual appearance. D. Daxing International Airport is designed and built based on the needs and convenience of travelers. 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京大兴国际机场的规模、设计特点、餐饮选择以及交通方式，展现了这座现代化机场的便利性与未来感。 【41题详解】 根据第一段可知，机场面积为7.5million square feet（①正确），相当于98个足球场大小（②正确）；根据“How it’s built”部分可知，顶部有350-foot wide skylight（④正确）。③错误，文中是$11 billion（美元）而非yuan（元）；⑤错误，文中是an hour（每小时）而非a day（每天）。因此①②④正确。 【42题详解】 根据“How it’s built”部分最后一段“The starfish design means you never have to walk more than 10 minutes from the core to the farthest gate in each wing.”可知，海星形状的设计意味着旅客从核心区域走到最远的登机口不超过10分钟，即缩短了步行距离。 【43题详解】 根据“Where to eat”部分，文中列举了日式拉面、中式小吃、饺子、上海点心、西式牛排、沙拉、巧克力等多种食物，且有70个餐饮outlets，说明食物种类非常丰富多样（Various）。 【44题详解】 根据“How to get in and out”部分第二段第一句“Public transport, for now, is no better.”以及后文提到需要换乘地铁才能到达机场快轨站，可知目前公共交通不是很方便。A项与文中“there aren’t any Daxing Express stations near central Beijing”矛盾；B项与文中雨天耗时更长矛盾；D项文中未明确对比总时长。 【45题详解】 通读全文，文章介绍了机场在规模、设计（缩短步行距离）、设施（自助登机、智能安检）、餐饮以及交通等方面的情况，重点突出了这些设计和服务是为了缩短排队时间、提高安全性以及方便旅客使用。因此可以推断机场是基于旅客需求和便利性设计和建造的。 B The history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses (放大镜) he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes (显微镜). He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. By studying the samples taken from his own mouth, he discovered bacteria living on his teeth. This was a revolutionary finding as it showed that there were organisms (有机体) living in and on the human body that had not been known before. His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of microbes (微生物). Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe that can’t be seen by the human eye. He also found different microbes in pond water, rain water, and human blood. His discoveries were extensive (广泛的), including the first description of red blood cells, the observation of plant tissue (组织), the examination of muscle, and the exploration of the life cycle of insects. Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek’s discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from (源自) tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later became a guiding light for doctors in their battle against infectious (传染性的) diseases such as anthrax, polio and smallpox. All these remarkable breakthroughs(突破) were the fruits of Leeuwenhoek’s groundbreaking work. However, Leeuwenhoek did not predict this legacy. In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way — “I’ve done my work for a long time, not to gain the praise i now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice lives in me more than in most other men. And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable (显著的), so that the scientific community might be informed of it.” This statement not only shows his dedication (贡献) to scientific exploration but also his selfless desire to contribute to the collective (共同的) knowledge of the scientific world, laying the foundation (基础) for future advances in microbiology and beyond. 46. What is the correct order for the following events? a. Magnifying lenses were invented. b. The “theory of disease” was developed. c. Microbes were discovered in waters and human blood. d. Leeuwenhoek’s first microscopes were successfully built. e. Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts on his own contribution. A. a-d-c-e-b B. a-d-b-c-e C. a-d-c-b-e D. a-d-e-c-b 47. Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek? A. A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology. B. A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease. C. A curious cloth maker who made pioneer studies of microbes. D. A lucky ordinary man who accidentally made a major discovery. 48. What was the main achievement of Leeuwenhoek in the field of microbiology? A. Helping Pasteur develop the “theory of disease”. B. Finding different microbes and describing them. C. Developing a new technique for making lenses. D. Curing several infectious diseases. 49. The underlined phrase “this legacy” in paragraph 3 refers to A. the origin and the role of the tiny organisms B. the influence of his work on microbiology C. the efforts made to fight infectious diseases D. the development of “theory of disease” 50. What does the quote (引述) from Leeuwenhoek’s letter suggest? A. He thought that many of his discoveries were made by chance. B. He considered his work important to later medical breakthroughs. C. He wanted to gain fame and knowledge from his scientific research. D. He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress. 【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了微生物学的开拓者列文虎克的生平、成就及其对微生物学发展的影响。 【46题详解】 根据文章时间线索排序：放大镜在列文虎克使用前已存在(a)；17 世纪后期他制造了显微镜(d)；随后发现水中和血液中的微生物(c)；1716 年他写信阐述贡献(e)；近200年后巴斯德发展了疾病理论(b)。因此顺序为a-d-c-e-b。 【47题详解】 文章第一段提到他是“Dutch cloth maker”（荷兰布料商）且“no formal scientific education”（无正式科学教育），第二段指出他进行了微生物的早期描述。选项C“好奇的布料商，进行了微生物先驱研究”最符合文意。 【48题详解】 文章第二段详细列举了他在微生物领域的成就，包括发现牙齿上的细菌、池塘水、雨水和人体血液中的不同微生物，并进行了描述（first descriptions of microbes）。选项B概括了这一主要成就。 【49题详解】 第三段提到他的发现帮助了巴斯德提出理论，并指导医生对抗传染病，这些突破都是他工作的成果。划线词“this legacy”指代的是他的工作对微生物学及医学产生的深远影响（influence）。 【50题详解】 引文中提到他工作是为了“strong desire for knowledge”（强烈的求知欲）以及“so that the scientific community might be informed of it”（以便科学界知晓），最后一段也总结为“contribute to the collective knowledge”（贡献给共同知识）。这表明他认为分享知识对科学进步至关重要。 C In the centre of the busy city, where skyscrapers kissed the clouds and people hurried about, there was a small park. It was an oasis of peace in the concrete jungle, a place where I, a high school boy, often went to after school. One sunny afternoon, as I sat on a bench, my attention was drawn to a street performer preparing his act. He was a middle-aged man with a warm smile and eyes that sparked with determination mixed with life’s wisdom. Placing his hat on the ground, he began to play the violin, each note filled with sad beauty that seemed to tell tales of his life’s journey. I observed as the crowd passed by, most too preoccupied (心事重重) with their own thoughts to notice the soulful melodies that surrounded them. Occasionally, a coin would clink into the hat, but for the most part, the performer was overlooked. Approaching him when he took a break, I asked, “Don’t you ever feel disheartened when people don’t stop to listen?” He looked at me with a gentle smile and replied, “Disheartened? Yes, there are moments. But I remind myself that my music is a personal expression, not just a performance for others.” “Is it the money that keeps you going?” I asked, glancing at the collection in his hat. He smiled, “The money is appreciated, but it’s not the driving force. I play because I’m passionate (有激情的) about music. Every note I create is part of me that I share with the world. Whether anyone listens or not, I stay true to my love for the art.” His words struck a chord (和音) within me. Here was an individual who, despite the indifference (冷漠) of the world, remained steadfast (坚定的) in his pursuit (追求) of happiness. It was a powerful lesson in endurance (忍耐力) and self-worth. As the sun set below the horizon, painting the sky orange and pink, he continued his playing. This time, I listened with new ears. The music was no longer just a melody. It was a proof of the strength and spirit of humanity. When it was finally time for me to head home, I placed a coin in his hat, not only as an act of charity, but as respect for a man who had taught me a valuable life lesson: to pursue (追求) one’s passion fearlessly and regardless of (不管) the audience. 51. What did the park mean to the writer in the story? A. It was where he enjoyed music. B. It was where he relaxed after school. C. It was where he met the street performer. D. It was where he had to pass on his way home. 52. What can we infer (推断) from the fact that most people passed by without noticing the performer’s music? A. People didn’t want to pay a coin. B. The music was not attractive enough. C. People were busy with their own lives. D. The park was too noisy for them to hear the music. 53. What does the underlined phrase “struck a chord within me” probably mean? A. Made a powerful strike in me. B. Played a musical note for me. C. Brought a sudden shock to me. D. Had an emotional effect on me. 54. Which of the following is NOT the reason why the writer placed a coin in the street performer’s hat? A. To give encouragement to keep on playing. B. To show politeness by paying to listen to music. C. To provide affordable financial support. D. To express respect for the man. 55. What life lesson did the writer learn about the relationship between personal passion and the outside world? A. Personal passion can remain and is valuable even without attention from others. B. Personal passion should be given up if the outside world doesn’t respond well. C. Personal passion has nothing to do with the outside world at all. D. Only when getting recognition from the outside world can personal passion be meaningful. 【答案】51. B 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在繁忙城市的小公园里遇到一位街头艺人的故事。通过两人的对话，作者领悟到坚持热爱与自我价值的重要性，即使外界冷漠，也应无畏追求自己的激情。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“a place where I, a high school boy, often went to after school”可知，公园是作者放学后放松的地方。故选B。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“most too preoccupied (心事重重) with their own thoughts to notice the soulful melodies”可知，大多数人太专注于自己的思绪，以至于注意不到那些充满灵魂的旋律。由此推知，人们因忙于自己的生活而无心关注音乐。故选C。 【53题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第三段“His words struck a chord within me”及后文“It was a powerful lesson in endurance (忍耐力) and self-worth.”可知，街头艺人的话给作者上了深刻一课，让作者有所感悟。由此可知，街头艺人的话引发了作者深刻的情感共鸣。故选D。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I placed a coin in his hat, not only as an act of charity, but as respect for a man...”可推知，作者往街头艺人的帽子里放硬币，是为了给予他继续演奏的鼓励，提供力所能及的经济支持，并表达对这位艺人的尊重，并不是为表礼貌而付费听音乐。故选B。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Here was an individual who, despite the indifference (冷漠) of the world, remained steadfast (坚定的) in his pursuit (追求) of happiness. It was a powerful lesson in endurance (忍耐力) and self-worth.”以及最后一段“to pursue (追求) one’s passion fearlessly and regardless of (不管) the audience”可知，即便面对世界的冷漠，这位街头艺人仍坚定追求幸福。他的故事，是对忍耐力与自我价值的深刻诠释，他教会了作者要无畏地追求自己的热爱，无论是否有观众。由此推知，作者领悟到：即使无人关注，个人热爱依然可以持久且有价值。故选A。 卷Ⅱ主观题（满分45分） Ⅳ. Vocabulary A. Complete each sentence with proper words. The first letter of each word is given. (0.5'x15=7.5') 56. H________ appliances (电器) like refrigerators, washing machines, and microwaves have made our daily lives much more convenient. 【答案】Household##ousehold##Home##ome 【解析】 【详解】句意：像冰箱、洗衣机和微波炉这样的家用电器，让我们的日常生活变得更加便利。根据句意和首字母提示，此处表示“家用的、家庭的”，Household或Home均符合语境。Household appliances/Home appliances是固定搭配，表示“家用电器”。 57. The horror movie had several t________ scenes that made the audience scream with fear. 【答案】terrifying##errifying##terrible##errible 【解析】 【详解】句意：这部恐怖电影有几个可怕的场景，让观众吓得尖叫起来。空后的“scenes”是名词，此处应用形容词修饰名词，结合“The horror movie”和“made the audience scream with fear”，以及首字母提示，可知此处用terrifying“令人恐惧的、可怕的”或terrible“可怕的”来形容场景带给人的恐怖感受，是形容词，在句中作定语。 58. The beautiful valley filled with colorful wildflowers, singing birds, and a gentle stream flowing through is a p________ for nature lovers. 【答案】paradise##aradise 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个美丽的山谷里开满了五颜六色的野花，鸟儿歌唱，一条平缓的小溪流过，对自然爱好者来说是一个天堂。空处位于a之后，使用单数名词；paradise“天堂；乐土”，名词，符合语境中“自然爱好者的理想之地”的含义。 59. The rescue team worked tirelessly in the chaos, searching for survivors in the aftermath of the earthquake, with buildings still c________ around them. 【答案】collapsing##ollapsing 【解析】 【详解】句意：救援队在混乱中不知疲倦地工作，在地震的余波中搜寻幸存者，周围的建筑物仍在坍塌。 该处需一个现在分词，在“with+宾语+现在分词”结构中作宾语补足语，表主动和正在进行的动作；结合首字母“c”，单词collapsing“坍塌、倒塌”符合语境，描述地震后建筑物持续倒塌的状态。 60. The simple cheerful r________ of the song quickly got everyone to tap their feet and hum (哼唱) along. 【答案】rhythm##hythm 【解析】 【详解】句意：这首歌简单欢快的节奏很快让所有人跟着踏脚、一同哼唱。此处需填名词，在句中作主语，cheerful为形容词修饰该名词，根据后文人们踏脚哼唱可知，此处描述歌曲的节奏，提示语义与“节奏”相关，结合首字母“r”，rhythm“节奏”，名词，符合语境。 61. The cyclist c________ into a parked car when he swerved (急转弯) to avoid a child, and he suffered minor injuries. 【答案】crashed##rashed 【解析】 【详解】句意：骑车人为避开一个孩子而急转弯，撞上了一辆停着的汽车，他受了轻伤。根据“into a parked car”和首字母可知，此处表示“碰撞”，crash into是固定短语，意为“撞上”；描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填crashed。 62. A r________ friend is one who you can trust with your deepest secrets, knowing that they will keep them safe and never betray (背叛) you. 【答案】reliable##eliable 【解析】 【详解】句意：一个可靠的朋友，就是你可以托付最深秘密的人，你知道他们会保守秘密，永远不会背叛你。根据句意和首字母提示，此处需要表达“可靠的、可信赖的” 含义，reliable符合语境。后文的“trust with your deepest secrets, never betray you”正是对“reliable friend（可靠的朋友）”的具体解释。 63. The contrast (对比) between m________ skyscrapers (摩天大楼) and ancient temples in the city creates a unique visual harmony that attracts lots of tourists. 【答案】modern##odern 【解析】 【详解】句意：这座城市里现代化摩天大楼与古老庙宇形成鲜明对比，造就了独特的视觉和谐感，吸引了大批游客。根据句意和首字母提示“m”，可知此处应填“现代的”，对应的英文单词是modern。 64. A new law will be implemented (实施) next month to c________ wildlife in the forest area, with stricter rules against hunting. 【答案】conserve##onserve 【解析】 【详解】句意：一项新法律将于下个月实施，用以保护森林区域内的野生动物，同时出台了更严厉的禁猎条例。不定式符号to后需使用动词原形，结合首字母c以及后文禁止捕猎的语境，conserve意为保护、养护，符合句子语义。 65. The flight a________ were busy preparing the cabin for takeoff, ensuring that all safety equipment was in place and that the passengers were comfortable. 【答案】attendants##ttendants 【解析】 【详解】句意：航班乘务员们正忙着准备起飞前的客舱，确保所有安全设备到位并让乘客感到舒适。根据首字母提示和“preparing the cabin”、“takeoff”可知，此处指航班乘务员，flight attendants为固定搭配，且谓语were为复数，主语应用复数形式。故填attendants。 66. The parrot i________ human speech so perfectly that it seemed almost like a person talking. 【答案】imitated##mitated 【解析】 【详解】句意：这只鹦鹉模仿人类说话如此完美，以至于几乎像真人在说话。首字母i提示，动词imitate意为“模仿”，从句中seemed表示句子是一般过去时，填imitated 67. The self-cleaning fish tank can a________ filter (过滤) the water without the need for regular manual cleaning by the owner. 【答案】automatically##utomatically 【解析】 【详解】句意：这款自清洁鱼缸能够自动过滤水质，主人无需定期手动清理。首字母为a，结合句意：自清洁鱼缸、无需主人手动清理，可知此处表示“自动地” ，应用automatically，在此处修饰动词filter，作状语。 68. Tracy’s baby brother was always the center of their parents’ focus, which filled her with j________. As a result, she acted in childish ways to attract the parents’ attention. 【答案】jealousy##ealousy 【解析】 【详解】句意：特蕾西的小弟弟一直是父母关注的焦点，这让她充满了嫉妒。结果，她做出幼稚的举动来吸引父母的注意。“fill sb. with + 名词”是固定结构，意为“使某人充满……”，结合语境“弟弟受关注、她做出幼稚举动吸引注意”和首字母j，jealousy（嫉妒）符合语法和语义要求。 69. The fury (暴怒) of the thunderstorm continued. The bright flash of l________ lit up the entire sky, making the night seem like day for a brief moment. 【答案】lightning##ightning 【解析】 【详解】句意：雷暴的暴怒仍在继续。明亮的闪电照亮了整个天空，让夜晚瞬间亮如白昼。根据首字母及“lit up the entire sky”提示，这里表示“闪电”，名词lightning，为不可数名词，符合语境。 70. She was so f________ that she still missed the meeting this morning in spite of (尽管) having been reminded of three times. 【答案】forgetful##orgetful 【解析】 【详解】句意：尽管已经被提醒了三次，她还是太健忘，今早错过了会议。此处需填形容词，置于was后作表语，根据后文“被提醒三次依旧错过会议”可知，此处形容人记性差，提示语义与“健忘的”相关。结合首字母“f”，forgetful“健忘的”，形容词。 B. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the given words. (0.5'×15=7.5') 71. His bedroom was completely ________, with books lying all over the desk and clothes piled on the floor. (organize) 【答案】disorganized 【解析】 【详解】句意：他的卧室完全杂乱无章，书散落在书桌上，衣服堆在地板上。句中“completely”为副词，副词修饰形容词，且后文“书散落在桌上、衣服堆在地上”提示此处表达“没有条理的、混乱的”含义；organize的形容词形式为organized，意为“有条理的”，其反义词需用否定前缀dis-修饰，故填disorganized。 72. The small kitten meowed ________, hungry and alone, hoping someone would hear its cries. (pathetic) 【答案】pathetically 【解析】 【详解】句意：这只小猫可怜地喵喵叫着，又饿又孤单，希望有人能听到它的叫声。空格在动词meowed后面，需要副词来修饰这个动作。 括号中pathetic是形容词，表示“可怜的”，其副词形式是pathetically，表示“可怜地”。 73. She has always been ________ than her sister when it comes to meeting new people. (shy) 【答案】shyer##shier 【解析】 【详解】句意：在结识陌生人这件事上，她向来比她姐姐更腼腆。句中有比较级标志词than，表示两者对比，形容词shy必须变为比较级。shy有两种比较级形式，可以末尾直接加-er，也可以把y改为i，再加-er，故填shyer或者shier。 74. The homeowner was ________ in his freshly painted house. The new colors brightened up the space and gave it a whole new look and feel. (delight) 【答案】delighted 【解析】 【详解】句意：房主在刚粉刷好的房子里十分开心。新的色调让空间变得明亮，也赋予了房子全新的样貌和氛围。所给的词delight可作名词或动词，意为 “快乐；使高兴”。根据句子结构，此处需要形容词作表语，描述人的感受，delighted为形容词，意为 “感到高兴的、愉悦的”，符合语境。 75. The reality may be hard to accept, but it’s only when we do it that we can ________ grow as individuals. (true) 【答案】truly 【解析】 【详解】句意：现实或许难以接受，但只有付诸行动时，我们才能真正实现自我成长。此处修饰动词grow，需用副词；true是形容词，其副词形式是truly“真正地”。 76. The ________ injuries were a major problem, but their determination to recover and go back to the game was unwavering (坚定不移的) (sportsman) 【答案】sportsmen’s 【解析】 【详解】句意：运动员们的伤病是一个严重的问题，但他们康复并重返赛场的决心是坚定不移的。括号内给出的单词是sportsman，空后是名词injuries，此处需要表示“运动员们的”这一所属关系；根据句中的their可知，此处应用复数名词的所有格形式，sportsman的复数形式为sportsmen，其所有格形式为sportsmen’s。 77. It is ________ that the sudden rain ruined (破坏) their plan for an outdoor ceremony. (fortune) 【答案】unfortunate 【解析】 【详解】句意：突如其来的大雨破坏了他们户外典礼的计划，这是很不幸的。句中“It is+形容词+that从句”为固定句型，括号内fortune是名词，此处需要使用其形容词形式，结合句意要表达“不幸的”，故填unfortunate。 78. ________ for long hours without proper protection can cause serious damage to your skin. So when you ________ make sure you apply sunscreen (涂防晒霜) regularly to avoid getting burned. (sunbath) 【答案】 ①. Sunbathing ②. sunbathe 【解析】 【详解】句意：长时间无适当防护地晒日光浴会对你的皮肤造成严重伤害。所以当你晒日光浴时，一定要记得定期涂抹防晒霜，以防被晒伤。sunbath意为“晒日光浴”，第一空在句中作主语，动词原形不能作主语，需要使用动名词形式，故填Sunbathing；第二空位于when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为you，句子为一般现在时，此处作谓语用动词原形，故填sunbathe。 79. The beauty industry has a lot of ________ with countless makeup and skincare brands (品牌) for customers’ interest. (compete) 【答案】competition 【解析】 【详解】句意：美容行业竞争激烈，无数彩妆和护肤品牌都在争夺消费者的兴趣。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于短语“a lot of”之后，需要接名词作及物动词“has”的宾语。表示抽象概念“竞争”的专用名词是competition，为不可数名词。 80. Among all the philosophers, Socrates is often regarded as one of ________, and his ________ has inspired countless generations. (wise) 【答案】 ①. the wisest ②. wisdom 【解析】 【详解】句意：在所有哲学家中，苏格拉底通常被认为是最有智慧的人之一，他的智慧启发了无数代人。wise意为“有智慧的”，根据“Among all the philosophers”可知，在三者以上中比较，应填形容词最高级the wisest；第二空前有形容词性物主代词his，后接名词，wise的名词形式为wisdom。 81. To gain ________ in a new language, one must not only learn grammar but also practice speaking in real-life situations. (fluent) 【答案】fluency 【解析】 【详解】句意：要在一门新语言中获得流利度，一个人不仅要学习语法，还要在真实场景中练习口语。空格在动词gain的后面，gain是及物动词，后面需要接名词作宾语，表示“获得……”。fluent的名词形式是fluency（表示“流利度、流畅性”），符合“gain fluency in a language”（获得一门语言的流利度）这个常用搭配。 Choose a proper phrase to complete each sentence and change the form if necessary. There is an extra one. feed… with name... after fight for be covered in keep… company depend on have an influence on change one’s mind prepare for charge off have... in common 82. Badminton ________ the British man who started the sport decades ago to memorize what he had done for it. 83. ________ sweat (汗), the hiker had to stop to have a rest so that he would cool down and have enough energy to go on. 84. If the hunter had used his gun, the pack (群) of wolves ________ quickly. But he didn’t have any guns with him at that time. 85. After ________ some chocolate, the poor little dog died soon because some of the ingredients in chocolates are like poison to dogs. 86. When I am lonely or upset, I always let music ________ me ________ which often helps me out of bad mood. 87. ________ the upcoming final exams, students should make a plan that includes a minimum of four hours every day to improve their chances of achieving higher scores. 88. Do you believe a house can dance? Surely not. But if you go to Prague, Czech Republic (布拉格，捷克共和国), you ________. 89. Tom and Jerry ________ nothing ________ though they are twins. They have no idea what telepathy is. 90. Low salary, as well as the expensive housing, leads to a hard life of many young people, who cannot even live without ________ their parents. 91. The color of our room could ________ the result of our exam. For example, bright colors may help us concentrate on a task easily and solve problems quickly. 【答案】82. was named after 83. Covered in 84. would have charged off 85. being fed with 86. ①. keep ②. company 87. To prepare for 88. will change your mind 89. ①. have ②. in common 90. depending on 91. have an influence on 【解析】 【82题详解】 句意：羽毛球是以几十年前开创这项运动的英国人的名字命名的，以纪念他为这项运动所做的贡献。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“以……命名”，应用短语name... after。主语Badminton与name之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去（decades ago），故用一般过去时的被动语态was named after。 【83题详解】 句意：徒步旅行者浑身是汗，不得不停下来休息，以便降温并有足够的精力继续前行。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“被……覆盖/满是……”，应用短语be covered in。分析句子结构，逗号后是主句，逗号前应为非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语the hiker与cover之间是被动关系，故用过去分词Covered开头，首字母大写。 【84题详解】 句意：如果猎人当时用了枪，那群狼早就迅速跑散了。但他那时身上没带枪。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“冲跑；迅速离开”，应用短语charge off。由If引导的虚拟语气条件句（had used）可知，这是对过去情况的假设，主句应用“would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词”结构。故填would have charged off。 【85题详解】 句意：在被喂了一些巧克力后，这只可怜的小狗很快就死了，因为巧克力中的一些成分对狗来说就像毒药一样。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“用……喂养”，应用短语feed... with。介词After后接动词时需用动名词形式，且dog与feed之间是被动关系（被喂食），故用动名词的被动式being fed with。 【86题详解】 句意：当我感到孤独或心烦意乱时，我总是让音乐陪伴我，这通常能帮助我摆脱坏心情。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“陪伴”，应用短语keep... company。let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，let后接省略to的不定式（即动词原形）。 【87题详解】 句意：为了准备即将到来的期末考试，学生们应该制订一个计划，每天至少包括四个小时来提高取得高分的机会。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“为……做准备”，应用短语prepare for。分析句子结构，此处位于句首作目的状语，应用动词不定式To prepare for，首字母大写。 【88题详解】 句意：你相信房子会跳舞吗？当然不信。但如果你去捷克共和国的布拉格，你会改变主意的。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“改变主意”，应用短语change one’s mind。if引导的条件状语从句用了一般现在时（go），主句应用一般将来时。主语是you，对应的物主代词是your。故填will change your mind。 【89题详解】 句意：汤姆和杰瑞虽然是双胞胎，却没有任何共同点。他们根本不知道心灵感应是什么。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“有……共同点”，应用短语have... in common。主语Tom and Jerry是复数，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填have；in common。 【90题详解】 句意：低薪以及昂贵的住房导致许多年轻人生活艰难，他们甚至无法在不依赖父母的情况下生活。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“依赖”，应用短语depend on。介词 without后接动词时需用动名词形式。故填depending on。 【91题详解】 句意：我们房间的颜色可能会影响我们的考试结果。例如，明亮的颜色可能有助于我们轻松集中注意力并快速解决问题。根据句意及备选词，此处表示“对……有影响”，应用短语have an influence on。情态动词could后接动词原形。 Read the passage and finish the form with ONE word in each blank and answer the question that follows. Processed food like frozen chips and pizzas is high in salt, sugar and fat. Already, the spread of cheap packaged food has a connection with more and more people who suffer from obesity (肥胖) around the world. Now scientists are trying to find out more proofs of how our industrialized (工业化的) food supply may be affecting (影响) our health. What does processed food mean? The researchers came up with a system that groups foods into four categories. The system says highly processed food is mostly made of industrialized ingredients. Instant noodles (方便面) and fried chicken are common examples of highly processed food. But also included are products that can bring benefits to health such as morning cereals (谷类食物), energy bars and some kinds of yogurt. How does processed food affect people? Researchers at the National Institutes of Health had 200 people take part in a four-week study. They found that people eat about 500 more calories a day when fed mostly processed food than given minimally (最低限度地) processed food. In another study, researchers in France found people who ate more processed food were more likely to have heart disease. A similar study in Spain also showed eating more processed food might lead to a higher risk of death. Why does processed food affect people? When given less processed food, people in the study produced more of a hormone (荷尔蒙) that reduces the appetite (胃口) and less of a hormone that causes hunger. Kevin Hall, one of the researchers who led the study, also said that the source of nutrients (营养物质) might make a difference. Fiber (纤维) from fruit and vegetables may be better for making people feel full than that added to processed food such as energy bars and yogurt. What should people do? Limiting processed food can be difficult, especially for people with limited time and energy. People, however, should try to change the way they eat. Another challenge is the wide range of processed food in the market. It’s essential for people to tell which ones might be better or worse as food companies continually advertise their products to mislead customers. Processed food Introduction Processed food ___92___ large amounts of salt, sugar and fat, the spread of which has already been connected with ___93___ obesity rates (肥胖率) worldwide. The meaning of processed food ● Highly processed food is mainly made of industrialized ingredients. ● Both instant noodles and some seemingly (看似) ___94___ products such as morning cereals are examples of highly processed food. ___95___ of processed food ● In a four-week study with 200 people, they ate about 500 more calories a day when fed mostly processed food than given minimally processed food. ● Other studies showed eating more processed food might ___96___ higher risks of illness and death. Reasons why processed food affects people ● When people eat less processed food, ___97___ in their hormones make them less hungry. ● Fiber from fruit and vegetables may be better for making people feel full than that added to processed food. Solutions ● People should try to change ___98___ they eat, though limiting processed food can be difficult. ● People should tell which food might be better or worse, paying no attention to the ___99___ misleading advertisements. In your opinion, how can people avoid processed food? (Answer it within 8words.) _____________________________________________100_____________________________________________ 【答案】92. contains 93. higher 94. healthy 95. Effects 96. cause 97. changes 98. how 99. continual 100. Eat more fresh natural food. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了加工食品的定义、对人体产生的各类健康影响、背后作用机理以及可行的应对办法。 【92题详解】 原文第一段提到“Processed food like frozen chips and pizzas is high in salt, sugar and fat”，加工食品含有大量盐、糖和脂肪，主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用contains，因此填contains。 【93题详解】 原文第一段提到“the spread of cheap packaged food has a connection with more and more people who suffer from obesity around the world”，廉价包装食品的普及和全球不断升高的肥胖率有关联，此处修饰rates用比较级higher，因此填higher。 【94题详解】 原文第二段提到“But also included are products that can bring benefits to health such as morning cereals, energy bars and some kinds of yogurt”，麦片这类看似健康的产品也属于高度加工食品，此处用形容词healthy修饰名词products，因此填healthy。 【95题详解】 表格下方罗列了加工食品带来的热量超标、患病风险上升等多方面负面影响，对应小标题“加工食品的影响”，因此填Effects。 【96题详解】 原文第五段提到“eating more processed food might lead to a higher risk of death”，摄入更多加工食品会带来更高患病和死亡风险，might后接动词原形cause，因此填cause。 【97题详解】 原文第六段提到“When given less processed food, people in the study produced more of a hormone that reduces the appetite and less of a hormone that causes hunger”，激素水平发生变化后饥饿感降低，此处用名词复数changes作主语，因此填changes。 【98题详解】 原文最后一段提到“People, however, should try to change the way they eat”，人们应当改变饮食方式，此处用how引导宾语从句，因此填how。 【99题详解】 原文最后一段提到“food companies continually advertise their products to mislead customers”，修饰名词advertisements需要形容词，continual表示持续不断的，因此填continual。 【100题详解】 开放性问题，符合要求即可，答案不唯一。 Ⅶ. Writing. (15') 101. Write a short passage within 80 words about a person who you have learned a lot from. Your passage should include: a brief introduction to the person; something you have learned from the person. one example. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My mother My mother is the person I admire most. She works as a kind teacher in a local school. I have learned great patience from her. Once, I failed a math exam and felt very sad. She encouraged me instead of blaming me seriously. She helped me analyze every mistake carefully. Thanks to her, I understand that failure is the mother of success. I want to be like her in the future. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 【第一步：审题立意】 确定文体：介绍性记叙文（写人） 明确要点：按照题目要求，依次完成：人物简介→学到的东西→具体事例 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：用一般现在时介绍人物、表达观点；用一般过去时叙述具体事例；控制词数在80词以内，语言简洁地道 【第二步：构思布局】 三段式结构 开头段：点明你要写的人物，做简要介绍 主体段：讲述一个具体事例，体现人物对你的影响 结尾段：写出你从他/她身上学到的东西，以及这份收获对你的意义 【第三步：要点展开】 要点一：人物简介 介绍人物身份及品质：My mother/admire most/a kind and patient teacher/have learned great patience and kindness/my classmate/kind and patient/hard-working/always encouraging等 要点二：具体事例以及学到的东西 描述具体事例：failed a math exam/felt very sad/encouraged me instead of blaming me/helped me analyze my mistakes carefully/encouraged me to study hard等 学到的东西与升华：failure is the mother of success/hope to be a warm and responsible person like her/the importance of never giving up等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南京外国语学院初三年级英语阶段练习（二） 试卷总分：100分 考试时间：100分钟 卷Ⅰ客观题（满分55分） Please put your answers by filling in the correct boxes with 2B pencil on the multiple choice answer card. (请将以下选择题的答案用2B铅笔填在答题卡上。) Ⅰ. Multiple choice (1'×25=25') 1. The old man heard the song his mother used to sing to him in his childhood. He gently danced ________ it while softly singing ________ tears filling his eyes. A. to; in B. to; with C. with; in D. by; with 2. Though my younger brother is only ________, he is determined to go on an expedition (探险) to the South Pole ________ in the future. A. 10-year-old; sometimes B. 10 years old; sometime C. 10-year-old; some time D. 10 years old; some times 3. ________ girl, with ________ knowledge, yet she has the desire to explore the world and the potential to learn anything she is determined to. A. Such a little; such little B. Such a little; so little C. So little a; such little D. So little; so little 4. There were 5 candidates (候选人) for me to ________. Finally I chose Dorothy as my partner because she was patient and easygoing enough for me to ________. A. choose from; get on with B. choose from; get on C. choose; get on with D. choose; get on 5. The old woman was holding the ________ box tightly (紧紧地)________ it had contained the most precious treasure in the world. A. old white wooden; even if B. old white wooden; as if C. white old wooden; even if D. white old wooden; as if 6. There ________ be any delays in the production line, as we ________ keep up with the high demand for our products to stay competitive (有竞争力的) in the market. A. mustn’t; need to B. won’t; need to C. shouldn’t; need D. can’t; need 7. —Mum, can we go to a movie after school this Friday? —Sure, but until little Jimmy ________ his homework. A. will finish B. finishing C. finished D. finishes 8. Although Sherry knew this would cause her trouble, she still ________ her classmates who cheated in the exam and believed they would be punished for their dishonesty. A. told of B. told off C. told on D. told about 9. The meeting is going to ________ next week, and we will use advanced digital technology to ________ of traditional methods to make communication more interactive and effective. A. take place; take place B. take place; take the place C. take the place; take place D. take the place; take the place 10. With so many mysteries ________, the research team felt a sense of relief. But they knew they still had a lot of problems ________ before they could declare success. A. solved; to solve B. solved; to be solved C. being solved; to be solved D. having been solved; to solve 11. Excited by the good news, Marie lay in bed with her eyes ________ open while all her family were sleeping ________. A. wide; deeply B. widely; deeply C. wide; deep D. widely; deep 12. John and Sarah, ________ has ever been to a concert before, are excitedly looking forward to their first music event tonight. A. neither of them B. both of whom C. none of whom D. neither of whom 13. In this position, ________ doesn’t make much difference whether you have a lot of working experience. ________ really matters is that you should be creative enough. A. it; What B. it; That C. what; It D. what; What 14. My brother ________ a memorial event remembering the Chinese People’s Volunteers (中国人民志愿军) after watching the touching film The Volunteers: The Battle of Life and Death. Now he wants to ________ the army some day to protect our motherland. A. jointed in; join in B. joined; join C. joined in; join D. joined; join in 15. —I don’t think she will come to the party tomorrow evening, ________? —________. She said she would have finished her project by tomorrow afternoon. A. do I; No B. will she; No C. won’t she; Yes D. will she; Yes 16. Which sentence has a different structure from the other three? A. I found it really hard to do the washing-up. B. My mum taught me how to do the washing-up yesterday. C. I helped my mum do the washing-up after supper tonight. D. Therefore, my mum called me “little helper”. 17. I don’t care ________ you said to me. I won’t listen to you anyway. A. that it was what B. what it was what C. that it was that D. what it was that 18. —Sorry, I was not paying attention. What did you say? —I said I wasn’t sure ________. A. that it would be Tom’s birthday tomorrow B. whether Tom would arrive on time or not C. what was the matter with Tom D. what was Tom’s school number 19. He couldn’t help but (忍不住) wear an ________ look on his face, surrounded by a carpet of ________ leaves that crunched (发出碎裂声) softly under his feet. A. amazed; fallen B. amazed; falling C. amazing; falling D. amazing; fallen 20. —The last question was too difficult for me. —________. And ________ for me. A. So was it; so the rest were B. So it was; so was the rest C. So was it; so the rest was D. So it was; so were the rest 21. I ________ the solicitor’s legal advice. Now I’m stuck in a difficult situation, out of which I can see no way. A. should take B. shouldn’t take C. should have taken D. shouldn’t have taken 22. The popularity of electric vehicles ________ the growing need for widespread and accessible (可使用的) charging infrastructure (充电设施). A. increases B. includes C. involves D. introduces 23. I won’t achieve my goal ________ I work hard, and I won’t stop pushing myself ________ I finally reach the peak of success. A. until; until B. unless; unless C. until; unless D. unless; until 24. Which of the following sentences is grammatically correct? A. Can you imagine now I live in where used to be a graveyard? B. The equipment you provided is different from the one saw in your factory. C. Having not been warned about the wet floor, she fell heavily. D. All I have to do is watch the machine pass the bottle to the next. 25. —Oh God, who broke my new cup? —Sorry, ________. I knocked it off carelessly while passing by. I’ll buy a new one for you. A. it’s not my problem B. forget about it C. I didn’t mean to D. just joking Ⅱ. Cloze test (1'×15=15') As I sit here, surrounded by the quiet of my study, my mind wanders back to the tumultuous (混乱的) days of my teenage years. It was a period when I was continuously torn (举棋不定的) between the carefree joys of youth and the pressing responsibilities of adulthood. Life during those years was a mix of emotions, a roller coaster ride that I will never ____26____. I remember vividly the day I started high school. The air was filled with excitement-and the sense of a new beginning. I was both hopeful and scared, excited to explore the world but also nervous about the ____27____. My friends and I would spend hours after school ____28____ in the park, dreaming about our futures and the ____29____ that waited for us. One of the most important events during my teenage years was joining the school’s drama club. It was there that I found my enthusiasm for acting. The stage became my shelter (庇护), a place where I could ____30____ from the pressures of everyday life. Our performances were a blend of hard work and creativity, and the applause (掌声) from the audience was the ____31____ sound I had ever heard. ____32____, not every memory from that time is pleasant. There were moments of disappointment and ____33____. I recall the first time I experienced rejection (拒绝), when a girl I fell in love with turned me down. It was a hard blow to my youthful pride, but it taught me about resilience (快速恢复) and perseverance (不屈不挠). Studies were also a major part of my teenage experience. I struggled with math and science, often feeling like I was drowning (溺水) in a sea of numbers and formulas. But my English teacher, Mrs. Thompson, saw ____34____ in me. She encouraged me to develop my writing, which ____35____ led to me winning a local essay contest. That victory was a brilliant moment that built up my confidence and changed my opinion on my ____36____. As I look back on those years, I realize that my teenage self was easily ____37____ and hurt. I was trying to find my place in the world, to understand who I was and ____38____ I wanted to be. There were times when I felt lonely, like I didn’t belong anywhere. But those feelings were mitigated (减轻) by the love and support of my family and close friends. I see that my teenage years were a key period of growth. They were filled with challenges and mistakes, but also with moments of success and self-discovery. I am ____39____ for every experience, both good and bad, because they have shaped me into the person I am today. And ____40____ I may not miss the tumult of being a teenager, I value the values I acquired during that time. 26. A. try B. experience C. remember D. forget 27. A. unknown B. unusual C. unreal D. unhappy 28. A. moving around B. turning around C. looking around D. hanging around 29. A. careers B. chances C. challenges D. competitions 30. A. learn B. escape C. suffer D. recover 31. A. sweetest B. deepest C. noisiest D. longest 32. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Furthermore 33. A. backache B. headache C. heartache D. stomachache 34. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything 35. A. especially B. eventually C. hopefully D. occasionally 36. A. qualities B. realities C. abilities D. possibilities 37. A. influenced B. changed C. damaged D. felt 38. A. how B. why C. what D. who 39. A. sorry B. ready C. grateful D. responsible 40. A. when B. unless C. as D. though Ⅲ. Reading comprehension (1'×15=15') A Beijing’s Daxing International Airport is now the world’s largest airport terminal (航站楼), taking the area of 7.5 million square feet—the size of 98 soccer fields. It cost $11 billion to build, and it can handle 300 takeoffs and landings an hour. Its 400 self-service check-in kiosks (自助登机亭) and smart security checks are all designed to help shorten queuing time and improve security. From outdoor spaces to plenty of food and drink options, it’s obvious that Daxing will be an airport you actually want to hang out at. Here’s a first look at the Chinese capital’s futuristic terminal. How it’s built Designed by the British architect Zaha Hadid, Daxing looks like a giant starfish from above, with six curved spokes (辐条) spreading out. Inside the core (核心), an enormous atrium (中庭) is supported by eight giant C-shaped pillars (柱子), each with a 350-foot-wide skylight at the top—meaning there’s natural light everywhere. The whole airport fits under one roof and all of its facilities are easy for travelers to use, no matter how far they’re flying. The starfish design means you never have to walk more than 10 minutes from the core to the farthest gate in each wing. Where to eat With 70 food and drink outlets, you won’t go hungry in Daxing. Look for hot bowls of ramen at Japanese chain Ajisen Ramen, old-school Chinese snacks at Laoshe Teahouse, and traditional dumplings at both Family Dumpling and Cristal Jade. The Dining Room serves typical Shanghai-style dim sum (点心) along with some dan dan noodles. Travelers looking for Western options have American-style restaurant Blue Frog for steak and burgers, healthy concept Element Fresh for salads and sandwiches, and Godiva for chocolate treats. How to get in and out It’s located in the south of the capital, 28.5 miles from Tiananmen Square and downtown Beijing. If there’s light traffic, it’ll take you around 1.5 hours to get between the airport and the city by taxi. On a rainy or stormy day, expect at least a two-hour ride. Public transport, for now, is no better. The all-new high-speed Daxing Express gets you to Caoqiao Station in 19 minutes, but there aren’t any Daxing Express stations near central Beijing. You’ll have to switch to the subway—Line 10 to arrive at Caoqiao Station, and then Daxing Express there will take you to the airport. 41. According to the text, Daxing International Airport _________. ①covers an area of 7.5 million square feet ②is as big as 98 soccer fields ③cost 11 billion yuan to build ④has 350-foot wide skylight at the top ⑤handles 300 takeoffs and landings a day A. ①②④ B. ①③④ C. ①④⑤ D. ②③④ 42. Why is Daxing International Airport designed in the shape of a starfish? A. Because the starfish shape looks special from above. B. Because the starfish shape allows natural light everywhere in the airport. C. Because the starfish shape fits the whole airport under one floor. D. Because the starfish shape shortens people’s walking distances. 43. Which of the following adjectives can best describe the food at Daxing International Airport? A. Delicious. B. Typical. C. Various. D. Traditional. 44. It can be learned from the last part that ________. A. you can take Daxing Express which is near central Beijing to get to the airport B. the time spent on the journey to Daxing International Airport is not affected by weather C. public transport to Daxing International Airport is not very convenient now D. it is faster to take public transport than to take a taxi to get to the airport 45. What can we infer (推断) from the article? A. Daxing International Airport is the world’s biggest airport now. B. It is easy for people to go to and fly from Daxing International Airport. C. Daxing International Airport is considered as a futuristic airport because of its unusual appearance. D. Daxing International Airport is designed and built based on the needs and convenience of travelers. B The history of microbiology begins with a Dutch cloth maker named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, a man of no formal scientific education. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhoek, inspired by the magnifying lenses (放大镜) he used to examine cloth, built some of the first microscopes (显微镜). He developed a technique to improve the quality of tiny, rounded lenses, some of which could magnify an object up to 270 times. By studying the samples taken from his own mouth, he discovered bacteria living on his teeth. This was a revolutionary finding as it showed that there were organisms (有机体) living in and on the human body that had not been known before. His observations, which he reported to the Royal Society of London, are among the first descriptions of microbes (微生物). Leeuwenhoek discovered an entire universe that can’t be seen by the human eye. He also found different microbes in pond water, rain water, and human blood. His discoveries were extensive (广泛的), including the first description of red blood cells, the observation of plant tissue (组织), the examination of muscle, and the exploration of the life cycle of insects. Nearly two hundred years later, Leeuwenhoek’s discovery of microbes helped French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur to develop his “theory of disease”. This concept suggested that disease originates from (源自) tiny organisms attacking and weakening the body. Pasteur’s theory later became a guiding light for doctors in their battle against infectious (传染性的) diseases such as anthrax, polio and smallpox. All these remarkable breakthroughs(突破) were the fruits of Leeuwenhoek’s groundbreaking work. However, Leeuwenhoek did not predict this legacy. In a 1716 letter, he described his contribution to science this way — “I’ve done my work for a long time, not to gain the praise i now enjoy, but chiefly from a strong desire for knowledge, which I notice lives in me more than in most other men. And therefore, whenever I found out anything remarkable (显著的), so that the scientific community might be informed of it.” This statement not only shows his dedication (贡献) to scientific exploration but also his selfless desire to contribute to the collective (共同的) knowledge of the scientific world, laying the foundation (基础) for future advances in microbiology and beyond. 46. What is the correct order for the following events? a. Magnifying lenses were invented. b. The “theory of disease” was developed. c. Microbes were discovered in waters and human blood. d. Leeuwenhoek’s first microscopes were successfully built. e. Leeuwenhoek explained his thoughts on his own contribution. A. a-d-c-e-b B. a-d-b-c-e C. a-d-c-b-e D. a-d-e-c-b 47. Which of the following best describes Leeuwenhoek? A. A trained researcher with an interest in microbiology. B. A talented scientist interested in finding a cure for disease. C. A curious cloth maker who made pioneer studies of microbes. D. A lucky ordinary man who accidentally made a major discovery. 48. What was the main achievement of Leeuwenhoek in the field of microbiology? A. Helping Pasteur develop the “theory of disease”. B. Finding different microbes and describing them. C. Developing a new technique for making lenses. D. Curing several infectious diseases. 49. The underlined phrase “this legacy” in paragraph 3 refers to A. the origin and the role of the tiny organisms B. the influence of his work on microbiology C. the efforts made to fight infectious diseases D. the development of “theory of disease” 50. What does the quote (引述) from Leeuwenhoek’s letter suggest? A. He thought that many of his discoveries were made by chance. B. He considered his work important to later medical breakthroughs. C. He wanted to gain fame and knowledge from his scientific research. D. He believed the sharing of knowledge was a key to scientific progress. C In the centre of the busy city, where skyscrapers kissed the clouds and people hurried about, there was a small park. It was an oasis of peace in the concrete jungle, a place where I, a high school boy, often went to after school. One sunny afternoon, as I sat on a bench, my attention was drawn to a street performer preparing his act. He was a middle-aged man with a warm smile and eyes that sparked with determination mixed with life’s wisdom. Placing his hat on the ground, he began to play the violin, each note filled with sad beauty that seemed to tell tales of his life’s journey. I observed as the crowd passed by, most too preoccupied (心事重重) with their own thoughts to notice the soulful melodies that surrounded them. Occasionally, a coin would clink into the hat, but for the most part, the performer was overlooked. Approaching him when he took a break, I asked, “Don’t you ever feel disheartened when people don’t stop to listen?” He looked at me with a gentle smile and replied, “Disheartened? Yes, there are moments. But I remind myself that my music is a personal expression, not just a performance for others.” “Is it the money that keeps you going?” I asked, glancing at the collection in his hat. He smiled, “The money is appreciated, but it’s not the driving force. I play because I’m passionate (有激情的) about music. Every note I create is part of me that I share with the world. Whether anyone listens or not, I stay true to my love for the art.” His words struck a chord (和音) within me. Here was an individual who, despite the indifference (冷漠) of the world, remained steadfast (坚定的) in his pursuit (追求) of happiness. It was a powerful lesson in endurance (忍耐力) and self-worth. As the sun set below the horizon, painting the sky orange and pink, he continued his playing. This time, I listened with new ears. The music was no longer just a melody. It was a proof of the strength and spirit of humanity. When it was finally time for me to head home, I placed a coin in his hat, not only as an act of charity, but as respect for a man who had taught me a valuable life lesson: to pursue (追求) one’s passion fearlessly and regardless of (不管) the audience. 51. What did the park mean to the writer in the story? A. It was where he enjoyed music. B. It was where he relaxed after school. C. It was where he met the street performer. D. It was where he had to pass on his way home. 52. What can we infer (推断) from the fact that most people passed by without noticing the performer’s music? A. People didn’t want to pay a coin. B. The music was not attractive enough. C. People were busy with their own lives. D. The park was too noisy for them to hear the music. 53. What does the underlined phrase “struck a chord within me” probably mean? A. Made a powerful strike in me. B. Played a musical note for me. C. Brought a sudden shock to me. D. Had an emotional effect on me. 54. Which of the following is NOT the reason why the writer placed a coin in the street performer’s hat? A. To give encouragement to keep on playing. B. To show politeness by paying to listen to music. C. To provide affordable financial support. D. To express respect for the man. 55. What life lesson did the writer learn about the relationship between personal passion and the outside world? A. Personal passion can remain and is valuable even without attention from others. B. Personal passion should be given up if the outside world doesn’t respond well. C. Personal passion has nothing to do with the outside world at all. D. Only when getting recognition from the outside world can personal passion be meaningful. 卷Ⅱ主观题（满分45分） Ⅳ. Vocabulary A. Complete each sentence with proper words. The first letter of each word is given. (0.5'x15=7.5') 56. H________ appliances (电器) like refrigerators, washing machines, and microwaves have made our daily lives much more convenient. 57. The horror movie had several t________ scenes that made the audience scream with fear. 58. The beautiful valley filled with colorful wildflowers, singing birds, and a gentle stream flowing through is a p________ for nature lovers. 59. The rescue team worked tirelessly in the chaos, searching for survivors in the aftermath of the earthquake, with buildings still c________ around them. 60. The simple cheerful r________ of the song quickly got everyone to tap their feet and hum (哼唱) along. 61. The cyclist c________ into a parked car when he swerved (急转弯) to avoid a child, and he suffered minor injuries. 62. A r________ friend is one who you can trust with your deepest secrets, knowing that they will keep them safe and never betray (背叛) you. 63. The contrast (对比) between m________ skyscrapers (摩天大楼) and ancient temples in the city creates a unique visual harmony that attracts lots of tourists. 64. A new law will be implemented (实施) next month to c________ wildlife in the forest area, with stricter rules against hunting. 65. The flight a________ were busy preparing the cabin for takeoff, ensuring that all safety equipment was in place and that the passengers were comfortable. 66. The parrot i________ human speech so perfectly that it seemed almost like a person talking. 67. The self-cleaning fish tank can a________ filter (过滤) the water without the need for regular manual cleaning by the owner. 68. Tracy’s baby brother was always the center of their parents’ focus, which filled her with j________. As a result, she acted in childish ways to attract the parents’ attention. 69. The fury (暴怒) of the thunderstorm continued. The bright flash of l________ lit up the entire sky, making the night seem like day for a brief moment. 70. She was so f________ that she still missed the meeting this morning in spite of (尽管) having been reminded of three times. B. Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the given words. (0.5'×15=7.5') 71. His bedroom was completely ________, with books lying all over the desk and clothes piled on the floor. (organize) 72. The small kitten meowed ________, hungry and alone, hoping someone would hear its cries. (pathetic) 73. She has always been ________ than her sister when it comes to meeting new people. (shy) 74. The homeowner was ________ in his freshly painted house. The new colors brightened up the space and gave it a whole new look and feel. (delight) 75. The reality may be hard to accept, but it’s only when we do it that we can ________ grow as individuals. (true) 76. The ________ injuries were a major problem, but their determination to recover and go back to the game was unwavering (坚定不移的) (sportsman) 77. It is ________ that the sudden rain ruined (破坏) their plan for an outdoor ceremony. (fortune) 78. ________ for long hours without proper protection can cause serious damage to your skin. So when you ________ make sure you apply sunscreen (涂防晒霜) regularly to avoid getting burned. (sunbath) 79. The beauty industry has a lot of ________ with countless makeup and skincare brands (品牌) for customers’ interest. (compete) 80. Among all the philosophers, Socrates is often regarded as one of ________, and his ________ has inspired countless generations. (wise) 81. To gain ________ in a new language, one must not only learn grammar but also practice speaking in real-life situations. (fluent) Choose a proper phrase to complete each sentence and change the form if necessary. There is an extra one. feed… with name... after fight for be covered in keep… company depend on have an influence on change one’s mind prepare for charge off have... in common 82. Badminton ________ the British man who started the sport decades ago to memorize what he had done for it. 83. ________ sweat (汗), the hiker had to stop to have a rest so that he would cool down and have enough energy to go on. 84. If the hunter had used his gun, the pack (群) of wolves ________ quickly. But he didn’t have any guns with him at that time. 85. After ________ some chocolate, the poor little dog died soon because some of the ingredients in chocolates are like poison to dogs. 86. When I am lonely or upset, I always let music ________ me ________ which often helps me out of bad mood. 87. ________ the upcoming final exams, students should make a plan that includes a minimum of four hours every day to improve their chances of achieving higher scores. 88. Do you believe a house can dance? Surely not. But if you go to Prague, Czech Republic (布拉格，捷克共和国), you ________. 89. Tom and Jerry ________ nothing ________ though they are twins. They have no idea what telepathy is. 90. Low salary, as well as the expensive housing, leads to a hard life of many young people, who cannot even live without ________ their parents. 91. The color of our room could ________ the result of our exam. For example, bright colors may help us concentrate on a task easily and solve problems quickly. Read the passage and finish the form with ONE word in each blank and answer the question that follows. Processed food like frozen chips and pizzas is high in salt, sugar and fat. Already, the spread of cheap packaged food has a connection with more and more people who suffer from obesity (肥胖) around the world. Now scientists are trying to find out more proofs of how our industrialized (工业化的) food supply may be affecting (影响) our health. What does processed food mean? The researchers came up with a system that groups foods into four categories. The system says highly processed food is mostly made of industrialized ingredients. Instant noodles (方便面) and fried chicken are common examples of highly processed food. But also included are products that can bring benefits to health such as morning cereals (谷类食物), energy bars and some kinds of yogurt. How does processed food affect people? Researchers at the National Institutes of Health had 200 people take part in a four-week study. They found that people eat about 500 more calories a day when fed mostly processed food than given minimally (最低限度地) processed food. In another study, researchers in France found people who ate more processed food were more likely to have heart disease. A similar study in Spain also showed eating more processed food might lead to a higher risk of death. Why does processed food affect people? When given less processed food, people in the study produced more of a hormone (荷尔蒙) that reduces the appetite (胃口) and less of a hormone that causes hunger. Kevin Hall, one of the researchers who led the study, also said that the source of nutrients (营养物质) might make a difference. Fiber (纤维) from fruit and vegetables may be better for making people feel full than that added to processed food such as energy bars and yogurt. What should people do? Limiting processed food can be difficult, especially for people with limited time and energy. People, however, should try to change the way they eat. Another challenge is the wide range of processed food in the market. It’s essential for people to tell which ones might be better or worse as food companies continually advertise their products to mislead customers. Processed food Introduction Processed food ___92___ large amounts of salt, sugar and fat, the spread of which has already been connected with ___93___ obesity rates (肥胖率) worldwide. The meaning of processed food ● Highly processed food is mainly made of industrialized ingredients. ● Both instant noodles and some seemingly (看似) ___94___ products such as morning cereals are examples of highly processed food. ___95___ of processed food ● In a four-week study with 200 people, they ate about 500 more calories a day when fed mostly processed food than given minimally processed food. ● Other studies showed eating more processed food might ___96___ higher risks of illness and death. Reasons why processed food affects people ● When people eat less processed food, ___97___ in their hormones make them less hungry. ● Fiber from fruit and vegetables may be better for making people feel full than that added to processed food. Solutions ● People should try to change ___98___ they eat, though limiting processed food can be difficult. ● People should tell which food might be better or worse, paying no attention to the ___99___ misleading advertisements. In your opinion, how can people avoid processed food? (Answer it within 8words.) _____________________________________________100_____________________________________________ Ⅶ. Writing. (15') 101. Write a short passage within 80 words about a person who you have learned a lot from. Your passage should include: a brief introduction to the person; something you have learned from the person. one example. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $