专题04 基础过关之综合语法专练-【期末备考】2025-2026年八年级英语下学期期末复习满分冲刺

**基本信息** 以“整册语法系统梳理+单元专项分层训练”为特色，通过语法规则结构化呈现与题型梯度设计，助力学生构建完整语法知识网络，提升语言运用能力与逻辑思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |整册语法梳理|8单元核心语法|动词不定式功能分类、比较级句型转换、时态时间标志词辨析等|从基础词法（不定式、情态动词）到句法（从句、时态），由简入繁，逻辑链条清晰| |单元专项练习|每单元含单选/句子转换/短文填空|反身代词固定搭配、延续性动词与非延续性动词转换等|针对各单元语法点设题，题型覆盖中考常见形式，强化知识应用与迁移能力|

【期末备考】2025-2026年八年级英语下学期期末复习满分冲刺（人教版新教材） 专题04 基础过关之综合语法专练 目录： 1.整册语法梳理 2.单元语法专项练习（8个单元） 整册语法梳理 Unit 1 Time to Relax 核心语法：动词不定式（to do）的用法 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和表语等。此处重点呈现动词不定式作宾语、目的状语和宾语补足语三种用法。 1.作宾语(相当于名词,放在及物动词后) 动词不定式直接跟在及物动词后,充当动作的承受对象(宾语)。常见的后面跟带to的不定式作宾语的动词有want(想要)、hope(希望)、decide(决定)、plan(计划)、learn(学习)、try(尝试)、wish(希望)、afford(负 担得起)等。 want to do sth. 想要做某事 like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 try to do sth. 努力做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 would like to do sth. 想要做某事 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 help (to) do sth. 帮助做某事 remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 例如: I want to visit the Great Wall next year.我想明年去参观长城。 She decided to study English harder. 她决定更努力地学习英语。 2.作目的状语(相当于副词,说明动作的目的) 动词不定式表示 “为了……”,修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。 例如: He gets up early to catch the first bus. 他早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。 To pass the exam, she studies late every night. 为了通过考试,她每晚学习到很晚。 3.作宾语补足语(补充说明宾语的动作) 动词不定式跟在宾语后,补充说明宾语“做什么”或“如何做”,形成“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 常见的后面跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask(要求)、tell(告诉)、order(命令)、want(想要)、wish(希望)、advise(建议)、teach(教)、allow(允许)、help(帮助)等,help后的动词不定式常省略to。 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 吩咐某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 例如: My teacher asked me to finish the homework on time. 老师让我按时完成作业。 Parents want their children to be happy. 父母希望孩子快乐。 【注意】使役动词(如make, let等)及感官动词(如see, feel, hear, watch等)后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： The children made me tell the story again. 孩子们让我再讲一次那个故事。 I often see them play football on the playground. 我经常看到他们在操场踢足球。 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 核心语法：情态动词 should和could的用法 & 反身代词 1. 情态动词should和could用来表示提议或建议,后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。否定形式是在其后加not, should not可缩写为shouldn't,could not可缩写为couldn't。谓语中含有情态动词should或 could的肯定句变为一般疑问句时,把 should或could 提到主语之前。 2.反身代词表示 “……自己”,在句中可作宾语、同位语和表语。常用的含有反身代词的短语有: teach oneself=learn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself玩得愉快 help oneself to ... 随便吃/喝些…… dress oneself 自己穿衣 by oneself 独自 Unit 3 Growing Up 核心语法： 从属连词although、until和so that的用法 从属连词用来引导复合句中的从句。although、until和so that都是用来引导状语从句的连接词。其用法如下: 1.although引导让步状语从句 although意为“虽然;尽管;即使”,其引导的让步状语从句一般位于主句前,可以用though替换;although/though不能与but、however连用,但可与yet(作副词)、still连用。例如: Although she was in poor health, but she continued to carry out her duties.(✕) Although she was in poor health, she continued to carry out her duties.(√) 尽管她身体不好,但她继续履行她的职责。 Although Tom practised a lot, he is not confident yet. 虽然汤姆练习了很多,但他还是没有信心。 Although it’s sunny today, he still feels cold. 尽管今天阳光明媚,但他还是觉得冷。 2.until引导时间状语从句 主句是肯定句时,其谓语动词用延续性动词,强调主句的动作或状态一直持续到从句的动作发生为止,意为“直到……为止”;主句是否定句时,其谓语动词用非延续性动词,侧重主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始,意为“直到……才……”。例如: Let’s wait until the rain stops.咱们等雨停了吧。 We didn’t start our discussion until he came. 3.so that引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句 (1)so that意为“以便;为了”;相当于in order that,引导目的状语从句,从句中多含有can、could等情态动词。在口语中,so that的that可以省略,而in order that的that则不能。例如: I took a taxi so that I could get there early. 我乘坐了一辆出租车,为了能早点儿到那儿。 (2)so that意为“因此;所以”,引导结果状语从句,陈述客观事实,常常不带情态动词。例如: He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 他努力学习,因此他通过了考试。 直到他来了,我们才开始讨论。 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 核心语法：原级、比较级和最高级 一、原级句型 1. 1. “A+谓语动词+as+原级+as+B”表示“A和B一样……”。例如: My book is as interesting as yours. 我的书和你的一样有趣。 2. 2.“A+谓语动词+not as/so+原级+as+B”表示“A不如B……”。例如: This bag is not as/so big as that one. 这个包不如那个大。 二、比较级常用句型 1.“A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B”表示“A比B更……”。例如: The Yangtze River is longer than the Yellow River. 长江比黄河长。 2. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。例如: The weather is getting warmer and warmer. 天气越来越暖和了。 3.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。例如: The more you practise, the better you will speak English. 你练习得越多,英语说得就越好。 4.“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示“比其他任何一个都……”。例如: He is taller than any other student in his class. 他比班上其他任何学生都高。 三、最高级常用句型 1.“A+谓语动词+the+最高级+(in/of+范围)”表示“A是……中最……的”,用于三者或三者以上的比较,in后接范围,of后接同类事物。例如: Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 She is the smartest of all the students. 她是所有学生中最聪明的。 2.“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”。例如: The Great Wall is one of the most famous places in China. 长城是中国最著名的地方之一。 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 核心语法：过去进行时 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。常与then、at this time yesterday、at that time 以及when、while、just as引导的时间状语从句等连用。本单元重点讲解包含when或while引导的时间状语从句的过去进行时态。 1. 过去进行时的基本句式 肯定句：主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他. 否定句：主语+was/were+not+动词-ing形式+其他. 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答：No,主语+wasn't/weren't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 例如: The girl was shopping when I saw her. 我看见那个女孩的时候她正在购物。 He was not working at that time. 那时他没在工作。 —Was he playing basketball then? —Yes, he was./—No, he wasn’t. ——那个时候他在打篮球吗? ——是的，他在打篮球。/——不，他没在打篮球。 3. when和while在过去进行时态中的用法 表示过去某个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行，与when引导的时间状语从句连用（主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时） 表示过去某个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行，与while引导的时间状语从句连用（主句用一般过去时,从句用过去进行时） Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 核心语法：从属连词so ... that、unless、as soon as的用法 1. so ... that的用法 so ... that意为“如此……以至于”,so后面接形容词或副词,that引导结果状语从句。例如: The coffee is so hot that I can't drink it. 咖啡太热了,我没法喝。 so ... that的同义句转换: (1) 如果so ... that引导的从句是肯定句,可以与“形容词/副词+enough (for sb) to do”结构相互转换。 例如: The box is so light that I can carry it. =The box is light enough for me to carry.这个箱子很轻,我能搬动。 (2)如果so ... that引导的从句是否定句,可以与“not+形容词/副词+ enough to do”结构或“too ... to”结构相互转换。例如: He is so young that he can't go to school. =He isn't old enough to go to school. =He is too young to go to school. 他太小了,不能上学。 2. unless的用法 unless引导条件状语从句,意为“除非;如果不”,表示如果从句表述的条件未满足,则主句的情况就不会发生。在unless引导的条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时表示将来,而主句则用will表示的一般将来时的句子、含有情态动词的句子或是祈使句。例如: Unless you study hard, you won't pass the exam. 如果你不努力学习,你将不会通过考试。 I may miss the train unless I hurry. 我可能会错过火车,除非我快一点。 Be quiet unless you have something important to say. 除非有重要的事,否则保持安静。 3. as soon as的用法 as soon as引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”,强调主句动作紧随从句动作发生,突出时间上的“即时性”。当表示还未发生的动作时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,而主句则用含有will的一般将来时;当表示已发生过的动作时,主句和从句都用一般过去时。例如: I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport. 我一到机场就给你打电话。 He left as soon as the meeting ended. 会议一结束他就离开了。 Unit 7 A Good Read 核心语法： 现在完成时(1) 1.现在完成时的用法 (1) 定义：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；或表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态(有可能持续下去)。如： It has just snowed. 刚刚下过雪。(地上有积雪) She has taught in the school for ten years. 她在这所学校教书已经 10 年了。（有可能继续教下去） (2) 谓语动词：have / has+过去分词 (3) 时间标志词：for+时间段，since+表示过去的时间点，already(用于肯定句中),yet(用于否定句和疑问句中)，just，before，recently，still，lately，these years，up to now，so far，in / over / during the last / past few months等。 2. 现在完成时的句式变化 句  式 结  构 举  例 肯定句 主语，have /has,过去分词，其他. He has had dinner.他吃过晚饭了。 否定句 主语+haven't/hasn't +过去分词+其他. He hasn't had dinner.他还没有吃晚饭。 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+have/has. 否定回答：No,主语+haven't/hasn't. —Has he had dinner?他吃过晚饭了吗? —Yes,he has.是的，他吃过了。 —No,he hasn't.不，他还没吃。 3. 过去分词的变化规则 （1）规则动词的过去分词构成与其过去式的构成相同 变化规则 举  例 一般情况下在词尾加-ed help→helped→helped 以不发音的e结尾的，加-d decide→decided→decided 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节单词，双写该辅音字母再加-ed stop→stopped→stopped 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的，变y为i,再加- ed carry→carried→carried 4. have been to, have gone to与have been in的区别 have been to 意为“去过；到过”,暗含“已经回来了”之意，常ever,never,once,twice等词连用 I have been to London twice. 我去过伦敦两次。 have gone to  意为“去了”,说话时作为句子主语的人不在现场，暗含“还没有回来”之意，通常是第三人称作主语 Her children have gone to America,and she misses them very much. 她的孩子们去了美国，她非常想念他们。 have been in  意为“在某地待了……”,常与表示一段时间的状语连用，强调在某地停留了一段时间 Mr.Brown has been in China for threeyears. 布朗先生已经在中国待了3年了。 Unit 8 Making a Difference 核心语法：现在完成时(2) 1.现在完成时表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直延续到现在,还可能继续下去。常与“for+一段时间”或“since+过去的时间点或从句”连用。 (1)现在完成时和“for+一段时间”连用。例如: She has been a doctor for ten years. 她当医生已经十年了。 (2)现在完成时和“since+表示过去的时间点”连用。例如: I have studied English since eight years ago. 我从8年前开始学英语。 (3)现在完成时和“since+从句”连用。例如: They have known each other since they were very young. 他们从很小的时候就认识彼此了。 2.延续性动词与非延续性动词 延续性动词 非延续性动词 概  念 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作 可以长时间延续下去或产生持久影响 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间性动词 或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束 举  例 learn,work,lie,know,walk,keep,have, wait,watch,sing,read,sleep等 open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive, reach,get to,leave,move,borrow,buy等 用  法 延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，可与表示 “时间段”的状语连用。如：I have learned English since I came here.我 自从来到这儿就开始学英语了。 非延续性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成， 因此也可用于现在完成时。如： The train has arrived.火车已经到了。 延续性动词不能与表示“时间点”的状语 连用。如果要用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动 作，可以借助come,begin,get等非延续性 动词。如：I got to know Jack two years ago.我是两年 前认识杰克的。 非延续性动词在现在完成时的肯定句中不可与表示"时间段"的状语连用；但在现在完成时的否定句中，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。如： He has left here since 1986. (误) He hasn't left here since 1986. (正) 【注意】常见的表示“时间段”的状语有for短语和since短语等，for+时间段； since+过去的时间点；since + 段时间 ago；since + 一般过去时的句子 例如：for two years,since last year,since2023 语法专项练习 Unit1动词不定式（to do） 一、单项选择 1．I play the guitar ________. A．relax B．to relax C．relaxing D．relaxed 2．The instructor told me ________ give up so easily. A．not to B．to not C．don’t D．not 3．My father taught me ________ the guitar. A．play B．playing C．to play D．played 4．I decided ________ calligraphy after watching Yaming. A．try B．to try C．trying D．tried 5．It is important for us ________ our feelings clearly to others. A．express B．to express C．expressing D．expressed 6．She promised ________ up smoking to reduce stress. A．give B．giving C．to give D．gave 7．It took her a long time ________ over the fear of speaking in public. A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 8．They agreed ________ an outing to the mountains once a month. A．have B．to have C．having D．had 9．She tried ________ her best to get good grades in the final exam. A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 10．It is a good idea ________ a poem as a gift for your friend. A．write B．to write C．writing D．wrote 二、根据要求完成句子 11．I play the flute. I want to relax. （用不定式合并句子） I play the flute ________ ________. 12．She went to the sports centre. She wanted to ice-skate. （用不定式合并句子） She went to the sports centre ________ ________. 13．My father taught me how I could play the guitar. （改为简单句，用不定式） My father taught me ________ ________ ________ the guitar. 14．I decided that I would try calligraphy. (改为简单句，用不定式) I decided ________ ________ calligraphy. 15．He works hard to improve his skills.（改为否定句） He works hard ________ ________ improve his skills. 16．My parents advise me to keep a balanced diet.（改为否定句） My parents advise me ________ ________ keep a balanced diet. 17．The girl expects her brother to help her with the box.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the girl expect her brother ________ ________? 18．Please give me some tips on how to keep healthy. (改为同义句) Please ________ me ________ ________ ________ keep healthy. 19．Could you tell me how I can work out the problem?（改为同义句） Could you tell me ________ _______ work out the problem? 三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺 stay  check  improve  explore  relax  develop Digital technology helps us 20 a colorful life! I love watching short videos online. They help me 21 and kill time. They also allow me 22 in touch with my friends easily. I use study apps 23 my knowledge and skills. The apps let me 24 my study plan every day. They also encourage me 25 new hobbies in my free time. 参考答案 一、 1．B 【详解】句意：我弹吉他是为了放松。 relax放松；to relax为了放松；relaxing令人放松的；relaxed感到放松的。此处表示弹吉他的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。 2．A 【详解】句意：教练告诉我不要轻易放弃。 tell sb not to do sth表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，不定式的否定结构是在to前面加not。 3．C 【详解】句意：我父亲教我弹吉他。 teach sb to do sth表示“教某人做某事”，此处用动词play“弹奏”的不定式形式to play作宾语补足语。 4．B 【详解】句意：看了亚明之后，我决定尝试书法。 decide to do sth表示“决定做某事”，此处应填动词try“尝试”的不定式形式to try。 5．B 【详解】句意：对我们来说，清晰地向他人表达自己的感受是很重要的。 “It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意思是“对某人来说，做某事是……的”，其中“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语，应填to express。 6．C 【详解】句意：她承诺会戒烟，以此来减轻压力。 promise to do sth.“承诺去做某事”，应用动词不定式作宾语。 7．B 【详解】句意：她花了很长时间才克服在公共场合讲话的恐惧。 it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式结构to do sth.，所以这里需要填to get。 8．B 【详解】句意：他们同意每月去山里郊游一次。 由于“agree to do sth”为固定搭配，表示“同意做某事”，不定式作宾语，应填to have。 9．B 【详解】句意：她尽自己最大的努力，想要在期末考试中取得好成绩。try to do sth.“努力做某事”，表示尽力达成取得好成绩的目标，应使用不定式to do。 10．B 【详解】句意：写一首诗作为礼物送给你的朋友是个好主意。 It is + 名词/形容词 + to do sth在这个结构里，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式to write。 二、 11． to relax 【详解】句意：我吹长笛是为了放松。原句为“I play the flute.”和“I want to relax.”，后者表示前者的目的。用不定式“to relax”作目的状语，合并为一个简单句，结构为“主谓宾+to do”。故填to relax。 12． to ice-skate 【详解】原句要求用不定式合并句子，表示目的。第二句“She wanted to ice-skate”中的目的为“to ice-skate”，直接接在第一句后面，表示“去体育中心是为了滑冰”。故填to；ice-skate。 13． how to play 【详解】句意：我的爸爸教我如何弹吉他。原句为复合句，包含“how I could play”这一宾语从句。改为简单句时，可用“疑问词+不定式”结构，即填“how to play”，在句中作宾语。 14． to try 【详解】句意：我决定试试书法。原句是decide后接宾语从句的结构，同义结构为“decide to do sth”来改写，表示“决定做某事”。 15． not to 【详解】句意：他努力工作，不为了提升自己的技能。原句为一般现在时，句中不定式结构to improve表示目的。改为否定句时，在不定式符号to前加not，构成not to improve，用来否定目的，因此填not和to。 16． not to 【详解】句意：我的父母建议我保持均衡的饮食。advise这类接不定式作宾语补足语的动词，变否定时，否定词not放在不定式符号to的前面，构成“advise sb. not to do sth.”的结构，故填not；to。 17． What does to do 【详解】句意：这个女孩期待她哥哥帮她搬箱子。 对“to help her with the box”这件事提问，用疑问词What； 原句一般现在时、主语the girl是三单，加助动词does； 固定结构expect sb to do sth.，提问后保留“to do”结构。 18． advise on how to 【详解】句意：请给我一些如何保持健康的建议。句中“give me some tips on how to keep healthy”表示“给我一些关于如何保持健康的建议”，同义转换可使用“advise sb. on how to do sth.”结构，其中“疑问词+不定式（how to keep healthy）”意为“如何保持健康”，“advise”表示“给建议”，与“give tips”表意一致，故填advise；on how to。 19． how to 【详解】句意：你能告诉我我该如何解决这个问题吗？原句“how I can work out the problem”是一个宾语从句，将其转换为“疑问词+不定式”结构“how to work out the problem”。故填how；to。 三、 20．explore 21．relax 22．to stay 23．to improve 24．check 25．to develop 【导语】本文简要介绍了数字科技对个人生活的帮助。 20．句意：数字科技帮助我们探索丰富多彩的生活。主语“Digital technology”能帮我们过上“a colorful life”，“explore”符合逻辑，意为“探索”。 21．句意：他们帮我放松和打发时间。主语They指上文的“watching short videos online”；根据“They help me”，可知上网观看短视频能帮我们放松，“relax”符合逻辑。 22．句意：他们也让我和我的朋友联系起来更容易。“stay in touch”，动词短语，意为“保持联系”；allow sb to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，故填to stay。 23．句意：我用学习应用程序提高我的知识和技能。根据“use study apps”和“my knowledge and skills”可知，使用学习应用程序是为了提高知识技能；use sth. to do sth.意为“使用某物做某事”；故填to improve。 24．句意：这些应用程序让我每天检查我的学习计划。上文提到作者用这些应用程序提高知识技能，由“The apps let me”和“my study plan every day"可知，这些应用程序让我能每天检查学习计划；let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”；故填check。 25．句意：他们也鼓励我在空闲时间培养新爱好。“new hobbies”应与“develop”搭配，意为”培养新爱好”；encourage sb. to do sth.，空白处填动词不定式，应填to develop。 Unit2情态动词 should和could & 反身代词 一、单项选择 1．You ________ eat too much sweet food, or you will have a toothache. A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 2．—I’m worried about the coming exam. What can I do? —Don’t be nervous. You ________ ask your teacher for advice. A．would B．should C．wouldn't D．shouldn't 3．—Could you please help me make my bed? —I’m afraid I ________. You ________ do it on your own. A．could; may B．couldn’t; should C．can’t; should D．can’t; may 4．We ________ be careful with fire, or something may catch fire and hurt people. A．could B．should C．can D．might 5．—Mom, it’s too hot. ________ I swim in the lake with my friends? —No, you ________. That’s too dangerous! A．Could; mustn’t B．Need; couldn’t C．Must; needn’t D．Could; couldn’t 6．—Dad, _________ you give me a ride to town now? If I take the bus, I’ll be late. —I’m I afraid I _________, Peter. The car is broken. A．could; can’t B．could; couldn’t C．should; shouldn’t D．should; needn’t 7．You look tired, Olivia. You ________ stay up late too often. A．should B．need C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 8．Peter hurt ________ when he climbed the mountains in Utah. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 9．Mr Lu knows how to teach his child because he used to be a teacher ________. A．yourself B．herself C．himself D．myself 10．—The basketball game is coming. We need to believe in ________ and support each other. —That’s right. Pulling together makes us stronger. A．myself B．ourselves C．itself D．themselves 11．—Who taught your grandma to use the health app on her phone? —Nobody. She learned it all by ________. A．himself B．herself C．myself D．yourself 12．Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ________. A．might; we B．should ; ourselves C．could; our D．would; us 13．—Who taught you to swim? —Nobody. I taught ________. A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．herself 14．Don’t worry about Mary. She can look after ________ well. A．himself B．herself C．ourselves D．themselves 15．Lily spent most of the time practicing and really enjoyed________during the winter holiday. A．her B．him C．herself D．himself 二、用括号单词正确形式填空 Last week, I went to the old people’s home with my classmates. We 16 (should / could) do something to help them. I talked to an old grandma and she hurt 17 (her) when she walked. We helped her clean her room by 18 (we). We also sang songs and made them enjoy 19 (they). We felt happy because we helped people by 20 (our). 参考答案 一、 1．A 【详解】句意：你不应该吃太多甜食，否则你会牙疼。 shouldn’t不应该；couldn’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止。根据“or you will have a toothache”可知，这是日常善意劝告，表达“不应该”，用shouldn’t。 2．B 【详解】句意：——我很担心即将到来的考试。我能做什么？——别紧张。你应该向你的老师寻求建议。 would将会，愿意；should应该；wouldn’t不会，不愿意；shouldn‘t不应该。根据“What can I do?”可知，问句是在寻求对方的建议，结合回答语“Don't be nervous.”可知，对方是在给予建议，表示“应该”做某事应该用should。应填should。 3．C 【详解】句意：——你能帮我整理床铺吗？——恐怕我不能。你应该自己做。 could用于委婉请求；can’t不能；couldn’t不能；should应该；may可以/可能。第一空“Could you please...?”是委婉请求，否定回答常用can’t；第二空是建议对方“应该自己做”，用should。故选C。 4．B 【详解】句意：我们应该小心用火，否则它可能会着火并伤害人们。 could能够；should应该；can能、可以；might可能。根据“We...be careful with fire, or it may catch fire and hurt people.”可知，此处是安全建议，表示“应该”，应填should。 5．A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，天气太热了。我可以和朋友一起在湖里游泳吗？——不，你不可以，太危险了。 考查情态动词。could可以；need需要；must必须；mustn’t不准；couldn’t不可以；needn’t不必要。根据“…I swim in the lake with my friends?”结合语境可知，此处表示请求许可，用could；否定回答用can’t或mustn’t表示不允许，不用couldn’t。故选A。 6．A 【详解】句意：——爸爸，你现在能载我去镇上吗？如果我乘公共汽车，我会迟到的。——我恐怕我不能，彼得。汽车坏了。 考查情态动词辨析。could能，表示委婉请求；can’t不能；couldn’t不能，过去式；should应该；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不需要。第一空根据“Dad, …you give me a ride to town now?”可知，此处表示请求爸爸送他，应用could；第二空根据“I’m I afraid I …, Peter. The car is broken.”可知，此处爸爸表示车子坏了，所以不能送他，问句“Could you…?”表示请求，回答时仍用can，这里表示不能。故选A。 7．C 【详解】句意：你看起来很累，奥利维亚。你不应该经常熬夜。 should应该；need需要；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必。根据“You look tired”可知状态不好，推测出建议是不应该经常熬夜。应填shouldn’t。 8．D 【详解】【解析】：句意：彼得在犹他州爬山时伤到了他自己。 myself我自己；yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根据主语“Peter”及后半句“he climbed”可知，彼得是男性，且伤到了他自己，应用 himself。 9．C 【详解】句意：陆先生知道如何教育他的孩子，因为他自己曾经是一名老师。 yourself你自己；herself她自己；himself他自己；myself我自己。根据句中主语he可知，此处强调他本人曾经是一名老师，应选用与he对应的反身代词himself。 10．B 【详解】句意：——篮球赛要来了。我们需要相信自己并互相支持。——没错。团结使我们更强大。 myself我自己；ourselves我们自己；itself它自己；themselves他们自己。根据主语“We”及语境可知，此处表示“相信我们自己”，主语和宾语指代一致，需用对应的反身代词ourselves。 11．B 【详解】句意：——谁教你奶奶用手机上的健康应用程序的？——没有人。她是完全靠她自己学的。 himself他自己；herself她自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己。根据“Nobody.”可知，没人教，因此是自学的，by oneself“独自、靠自己”是固定搭配，此处应用反身代词，主语是She，应填其反身代词herself。 12．B 【详解】句意：地震可能非常危险。我们应该学会保护我们自己。 might可能；we我们；should应该；ourselves我们自己；could能够；our我们的；would将会；us我们。根据前句“Earthquakes can be very dangerous”可知，后句表示建议，第一空应用should；主语是We，当宾语与主语指代同一群人时，宾语需用反身代词ourselves。 13．A 【详解】句意：——谁教你游泳的？——没有人。我自学的。 myself我自己；yourself你自己；himself他自己；herself她自己。根据答语“Nobody”可知无人教导，结合主语I，反身代词需与主语人称一致，表示“我教我自己”，用myself。 14．B 【详解】句意：别担心玛丽。她能照顾好她自己。 himself他自己；herself她自己；ourselves我们自己；themselves他们自己。根据前句“Don’t worry about Mary”及后句主语“She”可知，此处表示照顾好“她自己”，应该用反身代词，主语she是女性单数，照顾的对象应与主语一致，应填herself。 15．C 【详解】句意：莉莉大部分时间都在练习，寒假期间真的玩得很开心。 her她；him他；herself她自己；himself他自己。固定短语“enjoy oneself”意为“玩得开心”，主语Lily是女性，故反身代词填herself。 二、 16．could 17．herself 18．ourselves 19．themselves 20．ourselves 【导语】本文讲述了作者和同学去敬老院做志愿活动的经历，展现了关爱老人、奉献自我的快乐与意义。 【详解】16．句意：我们能够做些事来帮助他们。could是can的过去式，表示“能够”，符合全文一般过去时的语境；should意为“应该”，侧重义务，不符合“我们去做志愿、有能力帮忙”的语境。 17．句意：我和一位老奶奶聊天，她走路时伤到了自己。hurt oneself是固定搭配，意为“伤到自己”，her对应的反身代词是herself。 18．句意：我们亲自帮她打扫了房间。固定搭配by oneself表示“亲自、独自”，we对应的反身代词是ourselves。 19．句意：我们还唱歌，让他们玩得开心。固定搭配enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，they对应的反身代词是themselves。 20．句意：我们感到很开心，因为我们靠自己帮助了别人。固定搭配by oneself表示“靠自己、独自”，our对应的反身代词是ourselves。 Unit3从属连词although、until和so that 一、单项选择 1．I didn’t go to bed ________ I finished my homework last night. A．although B．until C．so that D．if 2．________ it was raining heavily outside, we still decided to go hiking as planned. A．Although B．Until C．So D．But 3．________ he is an 8-year-old boy, ________ he knows 1,000 English words. A．Although; / B．But; / C．Although; but D．But; although 4．—Doctor, can my son go back to school tomorrow? —No. He should rest at home ________ he is completely well. A．since B．after C．if D．until 5．You won’t understand why she got upset ________ you put yourself in her shoes. A．so that B．but C．until D．if 6．We climbed higher ________ we might get a better view. A．Because B．as long as C．when D．so that 7．________ climbing the hill was tiring, Tom still enjoyed the beautiful views along the way. A．Although B．As C．If D．But 8．We should try our best to protect the environment ________ we can make our planet more beautiful. A．so that B．even though C．as soon as D．in order to 9．—When can we start the game? I’m getting bored. —We have to wait ________ all the players arrive. It won’t be fun if someone is absent. A．when B．after C．until D．although 10．The opening ceremony (仪式) didn’t begin ________ all players arrived and took their seats. A．unless B．until C．when D．though 11．—How long did you stay outside last night? —________ the concert in the square was over. A．Not until B．Since C．When D．Till 12．—I failed the math test again. I feel so upset. —________ you didn’t get a good grade, you have tried your best. Don’t give up. A．Until B．So that C．Although D．If 13．We choose to sit at the front of the classroom ________ we could see the words clearly. A．as soon as B．even though C．so that D．in order to 14．Su Yiming achieved great success at the 2026 Winter Olympics ________ he faced great difficulties. A．so that B．unless C．because D．although 15．It’s raining outside. Please don’t leave________ it stops. A．since B．when C．while D．until 二、用正确的连词填空 I used to believe that success came only to the lucky ones. I never tried to realize my own dreams seriously 16 I met an old artist named Mr. Wilson. He told me his story: 17 you are not naturally gifted, you can still achieve great things through hard work. He had a simple goal: to create art 18 it could bring joy to everyone . It was a long journey. He didn’t sell a single painting 19 he turned forty! But he kept practicing every day, believing in himself. His advice changed my life. Now I understand that 20 the road is difficult, you can reach your goals as long as you don’t give up. 参考答案 一、 1．B 【详解】句意：昨晚我直到完成作业才上床睡觉。   although虽然；until直到；so that以便；if如果。根据句意，“没有上床睡觉”的动作持续到“完成作业”时才结束，固定结构“not...until...”意为“直到……才……”，表示动作直到某个时间点才发生。故选用until。 2．A 【详解】句意：虽然外面下着大雨，我们仍然决定按计划去远足。 Although虽然（表示让步转折）；Until直到；So所以（表示结果）；But但是（表示转折，属于并列连词用于连接两个独立分句，不能位于句首引导让步状语从句）。根据题干“raining heavily”与“still decided to go”可知，前后是让步转折关系，且从句位于句首，应用Although引导让步状语从句。 3．A 【详解】句意：尽管他是一个8岁的男孩，但他认识1000个英语单词。 although尽管；but但是。在英语中，although和but不能同时出现在一个句子中连接两个分句。根据句意可知，前后是让步关系，第一空用Although引导让步状语从句，第二空不再使用连词。 4．D 【详解】句意：——医生，我儿子明天能回学校吗？——不。他应该在家休息直到他完全康复。 since自从/因为；after在……之后；if如果；until直到……为止。根据回答“No”及语境可知，医生建议孩子应该在家休息，动作持续到完全康复为止，until引导时间状语从句符合语境。应填until。 5．C 【详解】句意：直到你设身处地为她着想，你才会明白她为什么难过。 so that以便；but但是；until直到……为止；if如果。根据主句中的否定词“won’t”可知，此处考查“not ... until ...”固定句型，意为“直到……才……”，符合语境逻辑。 6．D 【详解】句意：我们爬得更高了，以便于我们可能获得更好的视野。 Because因为；as long as只要；when当……时候；so that以便于。爬得更高是为了能获得更好的视野，后半句是前半句的目的，应用so that引导目的状语从句。 7．A 【详解】句意：尽管爬山很累，汤姆仍然享受沿途的美景。 Although尽管；As因为，当……时；If如果；But但是。根据“climbing the hill was tiring”以及“Tom still enjoyed the beautiful views along the way"可知，前后存在让步关系，关键词“still”提示应填“Although”引导让步状语从句。 8．A 【详解】句意：我们应该尽力保护环境，以便使我们的星球更美丽。 so that以便/为了（引导目的状语从句）；even though即使（引导让步状语从句）；as soon as一……就……（引导时间状语从句）；in order to为了（后接动词原形）。空格后“we can make our planet more beautiful”是一个完整的句子，表示保护环境的目的，应用so that引导目的状语从句。 9．C 【详解】句意：——我们什么时候能开始比赛？我开始觉得无聊了。——我们必须等待直到所有玩家都到达。如果有人缺席就不好玩了。 when当……时候；after在……之后；until直到……为止；although虽然。根据“all the players arrive.”可知，此处表示等待的动作持续到所有人到达为止，wait until为固定搭配，意为“等待直到……”。 10．B 【详解】句意：开幕式直到所有运动员就座后才开始。 unless除非；until直到……才；when当……时候；though虽然。根据句中“didn’t begin”可知，此处考察“not…until…”（直到……才……）的固定搭配，强调开幕式在所有运动员就位后才开始。 11．D 【详解】句意：——你昨晚在外面待了多久？——直到广场上的音乐会结束。 Not until直到……才；Since自从；When当……时候；Till直到。根据问句“How long did you stay outside last night?”可知，答语应说明时间终点，till the concert was over意为“直到音乐会结束”，选用Till。 12．C 【详解】句意：——我数学考试又不及格了。我感到很难过。——虽然你没有取得好成绩，但你已经尽力了。不要放弃。 Until直到……为止；So that以便；Although虽然；If如果。根据“you didn’t get a good grade”与“you have tried your best”可知，前后句意存在让步关系，表示“虽然……但是……”，应用Although引导让步状语从句。 13．C 【详解】句意：我们选择坐在教室前面，以便我们能清楚地看到单词。 as soon as一……就（引导时间状语从句）；even though尽管（引导让步状语从句，表转折）；so that以便（引导目的状语从句）；in order to为了（后接动词原形，作目的状语）。根据句意坐在前面是为了看清单词，表目的；“we could see the words clearly”是一个完整的句子，用so that。 14．D 【详解】句意：苏翊鸣在2026年冬奥会上取得了巨大成功，虽然他面临着巨大的困难。 so that以便；unless除非；because因为；although虽然。根据“achieved great success”和“faced great difficulties”，前后句意存在转折关系，表示“虽然”面临困难但依然成功，应填although。 15．D 【详解】句意：外面正在下雨，请不要离开，直到雨停。 since自从；when当……时候；while当……时候；until直到……为止。根据“don’t leave... it stops”可知，此处是“not... until... ”结构，意为“直到……才……”。用until。 二、 16．until 17．Although/Though 18．so that 19．until 20．although/though 【导语】本文讲述了作者通过一位老艺术家的故事，领悟到成功并非只属于幸运的人，而是源于不懈的努力和坚持。 16．句意：直到遇到一位名叫威尔逊先生的老艺术家，我才开始认真尝试实现自己的梦想。“not...until...”为固定结构，意为“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句，故填until。 17．句意：即使你没有天赋，仍然可以通过努力取得伟大成就。前后分句之间为让步关系，需用连词Although或Though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，句首字母要大写。 18．句意：他的目标很简单：创作艺术，以便能给大家带来快乐。此处表示目的，需用so that引导目的状语从句，意为“为了；以便”。 19．句意：直到四十岁，他一幅画都没卖出去！“not...until...”为固定结构，意为“直到……才……”，此处描述他四十岁之前未卖出一幅画的情况。 20．句意：现在我明白了，尽管道路艰难，但只要不放弃，就能达成目标。前后分句之间为让步关系，需用连词although或though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”。 Unit4形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级 一、单项选择 1．He is a lot ________ than you, but he is as ________ as you. A．thin; stronger B．thiner; strong C．thinner; strong D．thin; strong 2．Walking along the path with flowers on both sides is ________ enjoying a beautiful painting. A．as well as B．so good as C．so well as D．as good as 3．Yesterday, I made dinner for my family for the first time. My dishes tasted as ________ as they looked, but my parents ate them all. A．better B．good C．worse D．bad 4．The Nile River is 6,671 kilometres long. It is ________ than the Yangtze River. A．long B．longer C．the longest D．more long 5．She always keeps her room clean and tidy, so the room looks ________ new. A．as old as B．as well as C．as bad as D．as good as 6．The waterfall is becoming ________ and more beautiful. A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the famous 7．Mount Qomolangma is ________ mountain in the world. A．high B．higher C．the highest D．highest 8．Of all the subjects, I think English is ________ for me. A．the more interesting B．the most interesting C．more interesting D．most interesting 9．The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000 miles ________. A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest 10．Victoria Falls is one of ________ waterfalls in the world. A．amazing B．more amazing C．most amazing D．the most amazing 11．— Peter, I can’t hear you over the loud music. — Well, I will speak a little ________ so that you can hear me. A．most quietly B．loudest C．more quietly D．louder 12．—Can you teach me how to improve spoken English? —The more you practise, ________ it will become. A．the worse B．the worst C．the better D．the best 13．—Do you know something about lakes in China ? —Yes. Poyang Lake is the ________ freshwater lake in China. A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．deep 14．Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest ________ of nature in the world. A．wonder B．wonders C．wonderful D．wondering 15．This is the ________ TV programme I have watched. I don’t like it at all. A．more boring B．most boring C．more exciting D．most exciting 二、阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Do you know an amazing waterfall in Guizhou? It’s the Huangguoshu Waterfall, the 16 (one) largest waterfall in Asia. It is 17 (big) than many waterfalls in Europe. However, it is 18 (popular) than any other waterfall in China because of its great power. It is also one of the 19 (great) natural wonders in China. Among all the waterfalls, the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the 20 (fantastic). The waterfall is between Guizhou and Guangxi. It is about 100 metres wide in the rainy season and it becomes much 21 (narrow) in the dry season, only 40 metres wide. The reason why it is famous is that the water falls down from a high place. The river is about 200 metres wide above the waterfall, but below it, the river becomes 22 (little) than 20 metres wide. You can feel the 23 (power) water when you stand close. If you get as 24 (near) as possible to the waterfall, you can even feel the wind it brings. As one of the 25 (surprising) places in China, it attracts millions of visitors every year. 参考答案 一、 1．C 【详解】句意：他比你瘦得多，但他和你一样强壮。 第一个空根据“than”可知需用比较级，thin的比较级需双写n加 er，即thinner；第二个空“as...as”是原级比较，中间需用形容词原级strong。 2．D 【详解】句意：沿着两边都是花的小路散步就像欣赏一幅美丽的画。 肯定句中表示“和……一样”常用”as...as”结构，系动词is后接形容词作表语，good为形容词；as good as意为“像……一样好；几乎”。 3．D 【详解】句意：昨天，我第一次为家人做了晚餐。我的菜尝起来和看起来一样糟糕，但我父母把它们都吃光了。 better更好的；good好的；worse更差的；bad糟糕的。固定结构“as...as”中间需用形容词原级，排除选项A和C；根据“for the first time”及转折连词“but”可知，虽然菜的味道和卖相一样糟糕，但父母仍全部吃光，符合转折逻辑。故选D。 4．B 【详解】句意：尼罗河长6671公里。它比长江更长。 long长的（原级）；longer更长的（比较级）；the longest最长的（最高级）；more long格式错误。根据句中的关键词than可知，此处是在将尼罗河与长江两者进行长短比较，应使用形容词的比较级形式。应填longer。 5．D 【详解】句意：她总是保持房间干净整洁，所以房间看起来几乎和新的一样。 as old as和……一样老；as well as也；as bad as和……一样坏；as good as和……一样好。as well as不表示比较关系，排除选项B。根据前半句“keeps her room clean and tidy”可知，房间状况良好，排除选项A和C，as good as new意为“和新的一样好”，符合语境。 6．B 【详解】句意：这个瀑布正变得更著名且更美丽。 根据“becoming...and more beautiful”可知，and连接并列成分，后面是比较级more beautiful，前面也应用比较级more famous，表示“变得更著名且更美丽”。 7．C 【详解】句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山。 根据句末范围状语“in the world”可知，此处是将珠穆朗玛峰与世界上的所有山进行比较，应用形容词最高级，且最高级前通常需加定冠词the。应填the highest。 8．B 【详解】句意：在所有科目中，我认为英语对我来说是最有趣的。 根据“Of all the subjects”可知，此处表示在所有科目范围内进行比较，范围是三者及以上，应用形容词最高级。“interesting”是多音节形容词，其最高级形式为“most interesting”，最高级前用定冠词the修饰。 9．A 【详解】句意：东非大裂谷大约有4000英里长。   根据“about 4,000 miles”描述长度，此处为“基数词+单位+long”结构表示具体长度，应用原级，long符合语境。 10．D 【详解】句意：维多利亚瀑布是世界上最令人惊叹的瀑布之一。   固定句型“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，the most amazing符合语境。 11．D 【详解】句意：——彼得，音乐太吵了我听不见你说话。——好吧，我会说得更大声一点，以便你能听见我。 most quietly最安静地；loudest最大声地；more quietly更安静地；louder更大声地。根据“I can’t hear you over the loud music”可知环境嘈杂听不清，需要提高音量，排除A、C；又因a little修饰比较级，表示“稍微……一点”，此处指比现在声音大一些，应用比较级，排除最高级B。 12．C 【详解】句意：——你能教我如何提高英语口语吗？——你练习得越多，它就会变得越好。 worse更差的；worst最差的；better更好的；best最好的。根据“The more you practise”可知此处运用the+比较级...，the+比较级...“越……就越……”句型，需用比较级，根据常理，练习越多口语会越好。 13．C 【详解】句意：——你了解中国的湖泊吗？——了解，鄱阳湖是中国面积最大的淡水湖。 big大的（原级）；bigger更大的（比较级）；biggest最大的（最高级）；deep深的（原级）。范围in China表示三者及以上比较，要用形容词最高级，应填biggest。 14．B 【详解】句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的自然奇迹之一。 wonder奇迹，名词单数；wonders奇迹，名词复数；wonderful奇妙的，形容词；wondering想知道，动词现在分词。根据“one of the greatest...”可知，此处运用固定句型“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，故空格处应填名词复数形式。 15．B 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最无聊的电视节目。我一点也不喜欢它。 more boring更无聊的；most boring最无聊的。more exciting更令人兴奋的；most exciting最令人兴奋的。根据后面的“I don’t like it at all.”可知，此处表示“看过的最无聊的电视节目”。 二、 16．first 17．bigger 18．more popular 19．greatest 20．most fantastic 21．narrower 22．less 23．powerful 24．near 25．most surprising 【导语】本文介绍了位于贵州的黄果树瀑布，作为亚洲第一大瀑布，它在不同季节宽度会变化，以其巨大的水流和震撼的自然景观成为中国最受欢迎的自然奇观之一。 16．句意：它是亚洲第一大瀑布。根据“the ... largest waterfall”可知，此处表示“第一大”，应填one的序数词形式first，构成“the first largest”（第一大）。 17．句意：它比欧洲的许多瀑布都要大。根据“than”可知，此处应用big的比较级bigger。 18．句意：然而，由于它巨大的气势，它比中国任何其他瀑布都更受欢迎。根据“than any other waterfall”可知，此处应用popular的比较级more popular。 19．句意：它也是中国最伟大的自然奇观之一。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……之一”，great的最高级为greatest。 20．句意：在所有瀑布中，黄果树瀑布是最棒的。根据“Among all the waterfalls”及前文提到的“the first largest” “one of the greatest”可知，此处应用最高级，fantastic的最高级为most fantastic。 21．句意：在雨季它大约有100米宽，在旱季它会变得窄得多，只有40米宽。根据“much”及后文“only 40 metres wide”可知，此处应用narrow的比较级narrower，much修饰比较级表示程度。 22．句意：瀑布上方的河流大约有200米宽，但在瀑布下方，河流变得不到20米宽。根据“20 metres wide”及上下文对比可知，此处表示“少于”，应用little的比较级less，构成less than。 23．句意：当你靠近时，你能感受到水流的强大力量。此处需用形容词修饰名词“water”，power的形容词形式为powerful，意为“强大的”。 24．句意：如果你尽可能靠近瀑布，你甚至能感受到它带来的风。“as + 形容词/副词原级 + as possible”表示“尽可能……”，此处修饰动词get，应用副词原级near。 25．句意：作为中国最令人惊叹的地方之一，它每年吸引数百万游客。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表示“最……之一”，surprising的最高级为most surprising。 Unit5过去进行时 一、单项选择 1．My little sister ________ toys while I was reading books. A．is playing B．plays C．played D．was playing 2．Students ________ a basketball game on the playground, when suddenly it began to rain cats and dogs. A．had B．will have C．are having D．were having 3．I was folding my clothes while my mother ________ in the kitchen. A．cooked B．cooks C．cooking D．was cooking 4．My father ________ a newspaper when I got home yesterday evening. A．reads B．is reading C．was reading D．will read 5．—What were you doing ________ the storm happened? —I ________ home. A．while; drove B．when; drove C．when; was driving D．while; was driving 6．—What’s the matter? — I ________ down while I ________ on the ice. I got hurt badly. A．was falling, skated B．fell, was skating C．fell, skated D．was falling, skating 7．—Why didn’t you go to the movies yesterday? —________ you were watching the movie, I was helping my mom cook. A．Since B．Although C．While D．If 8．While I was walking home from school, Tony ________ me and told me the good news. A．calls B．is calling C．called D．was calling 9．My family ________ dinner when the typhoon hit. A．had B．have C．were having D．are having 10．I was doing my homework ______ the light went out. A．while B．when C．until D．because 11．Toby was watering the flowers ________ Jim was sweeping the floor in the classroom. A．until B．when C．while D．if 12．While my sister ________ TV, I was listening to music in the living room. A．watches B．watched C．were watching D．was watching 13．—What ________ you ________ when the teacher came into the classroom? —I was reading an English storybook. A．do; do B．did; do C．were; doing D．are; doing 14．________ the storm passed, the sun came out. A．While B．When C．During D．As soon as 15．He ________ his bike to school when it started to rain heavily. A．rode B．was riding C．rides D．is riding 二、短文填空（用一般过去时或过去进行时） Last Sunday, I 16 (walk) in the park when I 17 (see) an old man. He 18 (sit) on a bench and looked sad. While I 19 (think) about whether to help him, a little girl 20 (come) over. She 21 (give) the old man a flower. The old man 22 (smile) while he 23 (look) at the flower. The sun 24 (shine) and the birds 25 (sing). It was a warm and beautiful moment. 参考答案 一、 1．D 【详解】句意：当我在读书的时候，我的小妹妹正在玩玩具。 根据从句“while I was reading books”可知，主句动作表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were + doing”。主语My little sister为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故选was playing。 2．D 【详解】句意：学生们正在操场上进行篮球比赛，突然下起了倾盆大雨。 had举行（一般过去时）；will have将举行（一般将来时）；are having正在举行（现在进行时）；were having正在举行（过去进行时）。根据“when suddenly it began to rain”可知，began是过去式，表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作被突然打断，应用过去进行时。主语Students是复数，be动词用were。故选D。 3．D 【详解】句意：当我正在叠衣服的时候，我的妈妈正在厨房做饭。 根据“I was folding my clothes”可知，主句时态为过去进行时，while引导的时间状语从句表示两个动作同时进行，从句也应该用过去进行时。应填was cooking。 4．C 【详解】句意：昨天晚上我到家时，我的爸爸正在看报纸。 结合“when I got home yesterday evening”，when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，时态应为过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。应填入was reading。 5．C 【详解】句意：——暴风雨来临的时候你正在做什么？——我正开车回家。 when后面既可以接短暂性动词（瞬间发生），也可接延续性动词，happened（发生） 是瞬间短暂动作，第一个空只能用when。while后面只能接延续性动作（动词多用进行时），不能搭配瞬间动词happened。问句用were you doing（过去进行时），回答要对应“过去正在开车”，用过去进行时was driving。 6．B 【详解】句意：——怎么了？——我在冰上滑冰时摔倒了。我伤得很重。 第一个空表示“摔倒”这一短暂动作，发生在过去，应用一般过去时fell；第二个空表示“滑冰”这一持续动作，发生在过去某一时刻，应用过去进行时was skating。while引导的时间状语从句中常用进行时，主句用一般过去时表示短暂动作。应填fell, was skating。 7．C 【详解】句意：——昨天你为什么没去看电影？——当你在看电影的时候，我在帮我妈妈做饭。 Since自从，既然；Although虽然；While当……时候；If如果。根据“you were watching the movie, I was helping my mom cook”可知，前后两个动作同时发生，应该用while引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。 8．C 【详解】句意：当我正从学校走回家时，托尼打电话给我并告诉了我那个好消息。 根据“While I was walking home from school”，从句为过去进行时，表示过去正在进行的动作，主句中“told”为一般过去时，由“and”连接并列谓语，空处也应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的短暂动作。应用called。 9．C 【详解】句意：当台风袭击时，我的家人正在吃晚饭。 根据“when the typhoon hit”可知，时间状语从句是一般过去时，表示过去某个具体的时刻。主句表示在该时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时（was/were + 现在分词）。 10．B 【详解】句意：我正在做作业，这时灯灭了。 while当……时候；when当……时候；until直到……；because因为。主句“I was doing my homework”是过去进行时，从句“the light went out”是一般过去时，表示一个动作正在进行时另一个动作突然发生，应该用when引导时间状语从句，构成“be doing...when...”句型。while引导的从句通常也用进行时。应填when。 11．C 【详解】句意：托比正在浇花，而吉姆正在教室里扫地。 until直到；when当……时候；while当……时候/而；if如果。根据“Toby was watering the flowers”和“Jim was sweeping the floor”，“托比浇花”和“吉姆扫地”两个动作同时发生，且暗含对比关系，应填while。 12．D 【详解】句意：当我妹妹正在看电视时，我正在客厅里听音乐。 根据后半句“I was listening to music”可知句子时态为过去进行时，while引导的从句表示两个动作同时发生，也应用过去进行时。主语my sister是第三人称单数，be动词用was，应填was watching。 13．C 【详解】句意：——当老师走进教室时你正在做什么？——我正在读一本英语故事书。 根据答语“I was reading an English storybook.”可知，句子时态为过去进行时；when引导的时间状语从句表示过去的具体时刻，主句应用过去进行时，结构为was/were+doing；主语是you，be动词用were。 14．B 【详解】句意：当暴风雨过去时，太阳出来了。 While当……时候（通常接延续性动词，表两个动作同时进行）；When 当……时候（可接延续性或瞬间性动词，可表一个动作结束、另一个随即发生）；During 在……期间（介词，不能引导从句）；As soon as一……就……（强调前后动作无缝立刻衔接）。句中“passed”是瞬间性动作，表示暴风雨过后太阳出来了，用When。 15．B 【详解】句意：当大雨开始下的时候，他正骑自行车去上学。 时间状语从句“when it started to rain heavily”表示“过去某个时间点突然发生的动作”，主句需要描述“当时正在进行的动作”，因此要用过去进行时（was/were + doing）。主语He是第三人称单数，be动词用was，所以选was riding。 二、 16．was walking 17．saw 18．was sitting 19．was thinking 20．came 21．gave 22．smiled 23．was looking 24．was shining 25．were singing 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上周日作者在公园散步时遇到一位悲伤的老人，随后一个小女孩用一朵花让老人露出笑容的温暖故事。 16．句意：上周日，我正在公园散步，这时我看到了一位老人。此处描述过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语“I”为第一人称，谓语用was walking。 17．句意：上周日，我正在公园散步，这时我看到了一位老人。此处描述过去发生的短暂动作，应用一般过去时。see的过去式是saw。 18．句意：他正坐在一张长椅上，看起来很悲伤。此处描述过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语“He”为第三人称单数，谓语用was sitting。 19．句意：当我在考虑是否要帮助他时。此处描述过去正在思考的动作，应用过去进行时。主语“I”为第一人称，谓语用was thinking。 20．句意：一个小女孩走了过来。此处描述过去发生的短暂动作，应用一般过去时。come的过去式是came。 21．句意：她给了老人一朵花。此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。give的过去式是gave。 22．句意：老人看着花的时候笑了。此处描述过去发生的短暂动作，应用一般过去时。smile的过去式是smiled。 23．句意：老人看着花的时候笑了。此处描述过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语“he”为第三人称单数，谓语用was looking。 24．句意：阳光明媚，鸟儿在歌唱。此处描述过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语“The sun”为第三人称单数，谓语用was shining。 25．句意：阳光明媚，鸟儿在歌唱。此处描述过去正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。主语“the birds”为复数，谓语用were singing。 Unit6从属连词so ... that、unless、as soon as 一、单项选择 1．The movie is ________ boring ________ I want to leave early. A．too; to B．enough; to C．so; that D．very; that 2．The greeting in France is ________ friendly ________ many visitors feel embarrassed at first. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to 3．Don’t be rude, ________ people will have a wrong idea of you. A．and B．but C．so D．or 4．________ you arrive in the city, call me at once. A．As soon as B．Before C．Until D．Since 5．My sister will call me ________ she arrives at her university. A．unless B．so that C．as soon as D．because 6．—Will you go to the concert with me?    —I won’t go ________ I finish my homework first. A．unless B．if C．when D．as soon as 7．You will miss the train _______ you hurry up. A．if B．unless C．as soon as D．so that 8．—What do you think of the movie? —It’s ________ wonderful ________ I want to see it again. A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．enough; to 9．The cake was ________ big ________ we couldn’t finish it. So we decided to save some for tomorrow. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to 10．You will get used to local customs ________ you stay here for some time. A．if B．until C．so D．But 二、请从方框中选择合适的单词或短语完成短文，并判断这位交换生来自哪个国家。 surprising surprised interesting interested so ... that as soon as unless Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is 11 different from your own 12 you feel 13 . For example, I experienced this 14 I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really 15 to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone 16 we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and 17 in learning about the culture there. It’s so 18 to discover cultural differences like this! The writer is from 19 . (Germany / Peru / Japan) 参考答案 一、 1．C 【详解】句意：这部电影如此无聊，以至于我想早点离开。 too; to太……而不能……（to后接动词原形）；enough; to足够……可以……（形容词/副词需放在enough前面，to后接动词原形）；so; that如此……以至于……（that后接完整的句子，引导结果状语从句）；very; that无此固定搭配。根据第二空后的“I want to leave early”是完整句子可知，排除需要接动词原形不定式的A、B两项；英语中无“very…that…”的固定搭配，排除D项；此处表示“电影如此无聊以至于我想早退”，应填so…that。 2．A 【详解】句意：法国的问候方式如此友好，以至于许多游客一开始感到尴尬。 so...that如此……以至于；such...that如此……以至于；too...to太……而不能；enough...to足够……去做。根据空后形容词friendly以及“many visitors feel embarrassed at first”的结果状语从句可知，此处用so修饰形容词，构成so...that结果状语从句结构。 3．D 【详解】句意：不要没礼貌，否则人们会对你产生不好的印象。 and和，并且；but但是；so所以；or否则。这是祈使句+or+陈述句的常用结构，表示忠告、警告，意思是如果不满足前面的要求，就会出现后面的负面结果，符合本题语境。 4．A 【详解】句意：你一到这座城市，就立刻给我打电话。 As soon as一……就……；Before在……之前；Until直到……；Since自从。根据“arrive in the city”和“call me at once”的逻辑关系，强调动作的即时性，因此用As soon as，符合语境。 5．C 【详解】句意：我妹妹一到达她的大学就会给我打电话。 unless除非；so that以便于；as soon as一……就……；because因为。根据“My sister will call me…she arrives at her university.”可知，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时，符合“主将从现”原则，表示“一……就……”的时间关系。应填as soon as。 6．A 【详解】句意：—— 你会和我一起去听音乐会吗？—— 除非我先完成作业，否则我不去。   unless除非，如果不；if如果；when当……时；as soon as一……就……。根据语境，此处表示“如果不先完成作业，我就不去”，unless相当于if...not，引导条件状语从句。故“unless”符合语境。 7．B 【详解】句意：除非你快点，否则你会错过火车。 if如果；unless除非，如果不；as soon as一……就……；so that以便。根据“You will miss the train”和“you hurry up”可知，此处表示否定条件“如果不快点就会错过”，应用unless。 8．B 【详解】句意：——你觉得这部电影怎么样？——它如此精彩以至于我想再看一遍。 too...to...太……而不能……，to后接动词原形；so...that...如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词，that引导从句；such...that...如此……以至于……，such后接名词；enough...to...足够……去做……，形容词需置于enough之前。根据“wonderful”是形容词，且后半部分“I want to see it again”是从句，符合so...that...的用法。 9．A 【详解】句意：蛋糕如此大以至于我们没能吃完。所以我们决定留一些明天吃。 so…that如此……以至于；such…that如此……以至于；too…to太……而不能；enough to足够……去做某事。句中“big”是形容词，且空格后“we couldn't finish it”是完整句子，因此先排除too…to和enough to；such后需接名词短语，不符合此处直接修饰形容词的要求，只有so…that结构适配。故选A。 10．A 【详解】句意：如果你在这里待一段时间，你就会习惯当地的风俗。 if如果；until直到；so所以；but但是。根据“You will get used to local customs... you stay here for some time.”可知，待在这里一段时间是习惯当地风俗的条件，逻辑上表示“如果”，应用if引导条件状语从句。 二、 11．so 12．that 13．surprised 14．as soon as 15．surprising 16．unless 17．interested 18．interesting 19．Germany 【导语】本文通过一位交换生的亲身经历，解释了“文化冲击”的含义，并以在秘鲁的经历为例，描述了不同文化中人际交往距离的差异，最后表达了对探索文化差异的兴趣。 11．句意：你可能会在体验一种新文化时感受到它，因为这种新文化与你自己的文化如此不同以至于你会感到惊讶。“so… that”是固定结构，表示“如此…… 以至于……”，用来引导结果状语从句，符合“新文化差异大→产生感受” 的逻辑，此处填“so”。 12．句意：你可能会在体验一种新文化时感受到它，因为这种新文化与你自己的文化如此不同以至于你会感到惊讶。承接上一空的“so … that”结构，“that”引导结果状语从句，说明新文化差异大带来的结果，此处填“that”。 13．句意：你可能会在体验一种新文化时感受到它，因为这种新文化与你自己的文化如此不同以至于你会感到惊讶。“feel”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，修饰人“you”的感受，用“surprised”（感到惊讶的，用于描述人的主观情绪）。 14．句意：例如，去年我在秘鲁一下飞机就感受到了这种冲击。“as soon as”引导时间状语从句，表示“一…… 就……”，符合“下飞机立刻感受到冲击”的语境。 15．句意：人们站在我的左右两边，尽管公交车上有足够的空间！这对我来说真的很令人惊讶。修饰事物“that（这件事）”，用“surprising”（令人惊讶的，用于描述事物的客观属性）。 16．句意：在德国，人们通常喜欢更多的私人空间，除非我们非常熟悉某人，否则我们不会站得很近。“unless”引导条件状语从句，表示“除非”，符合“不熟悉就保持距离”的逻辑，此处填“unless”。 17．句意：但一旦我习惯了它，我就变得更好奇，并且对了解那里的文化感兴趣。“become interested in”是固定搭配，表示“对…… 感兴趣”，修饰人“I”的感受，用“interested”（感兴趣的，用于描述人的主观情绪）。 18．句意：发现这样的文化差异是如此有趣！修饰事物“to discover cultural differences（发现文化差异）”，用“interesting”（有趣的，用于描述事物的客观属性）。 19．句意：作者来自德国。文中提到“In Germany, people usually like more personal space…”，说明作者以德国人的习惯对比秘鲁的情况，因此作者来自德国，此处填“Germany” Unit7 现在完成时(1) 一、单项选择 1．—What do you think of the book “Robinson Crusoe”? —It’s a wonderful book. I ________ reading it already. A．finish B．finished C．have finished D．will finish 2．—What do you think of the film? —It’s so great that I ________ it three times so far. A．watch B．watched C．have watched D．will watch 3．—________ you ________ the exchange students around your hometown yet? —Yes. We had a fantastic time there. A．Have; shown B．Do; show C．Will; show D．Did; show 4．Have you ________ tried to write a short story? A．just B．ever C．never D．yet 5．This book must be great. My sister ________ it three times. A．reads B．has read C．is reading D．read 6．— Have you decided on a book for English class? — Yes, I ________. A．do B．am C．have D．did 7．I have ________ read this book twice. It is very interesting. A．never B．just C．yet D．already 8．—________ you ever ________ to an animal shelter? —Yes, I have. I went there last week. A．Did; go B．Have; been C．Do; go D．Are; going 9．John and Sue ________ yet. They took the wrong train and now their phones are off. A．didn’t arrive B．haven’t arrived C．won’t arrive D．hadn’t arrived 10．—Where is Tom? —He _______ to the library. He left ten minutes ago. A．has been B．has gone C．went D．goes 二、请用括号中动词的正确形式（一般过去时或现在完成时）完成短文。 11 you ever 12 (try) to read books from different countries? At the start of this year, I 13 (decide) to read books from as many countries as possible. I 14 (begin) with The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Now I 15 already 16 (read) twenty different books. These books 17 (teach) me a lot about other cultures and societies, and they 18 (allow) me to see the world differently. In the past, I only 19 (know) the names of different countries, but now I understand them a little bit better. This experience has been amazing so far. I have never 20 (realize) how big our world really is! 参考答案 一、 1．C 【详解】句意：——你觉得《鲁滨逊漂流记》这本书怎么样？ ——这是一本很棒的书，我已经读完了。 “already”提示此句用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生了影响，谓语结构是“have/has+过去分词”。应填have finished。 2．C 【详解】句意：——你觉得这部电影怎么样？——它太棒了，以至于我到目前为止已经看了它三次。 根据时间状语“so far”（到目前为止）可知，动作发生在过去但对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时。 3．A 【详解】句意：——你已经带领交换生参观过你的家乡了吗？——是的。我们在那里玩得很开心。 根据句末关键词“yet”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其疑问句结构为“Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词”，主语是you，助动词用Have，show的过去分词是shown。 4．B 【详解】句意：你曾经尝试过写短篇小说吗？ just刚刚，常用在陈述句；ever曾经；never从不；yet还，通常用于疑问句或否定句句末。根据“Have you...tried to write a short story?”可知，本句是现在完成时的一般疑问句，询问过往经历，应用ever。 5．B 【详解】句意：这本书一定很棒。我妹妹已经读了三遍。 reads读（一般现在时）；has read已经读（现在完成时）；is reading正在读（现在进行时）；read读（一般现在时/一般过去时）。句中“three times”表示过去的动作对现在有影响（觉得书很棒），且强调累计次数，应用现在完成时。 6．C 【详解】句意：——你决定好英语课的书了吗？——是的，我已经决定了。 do 是一般现在时助动词/实义动词（意为 “做”）；am 是 be 动词的第一人称单数现在时形式；have 是现在完成时的助动词，无实义；did 是一般过去时助动词/实义动词（意为 “做”）。 问句是由助动词 Have 引导的现在完成时一般疑问句，其肯定简略回答必须保持助动词一致，应填 have。         7．D 【详解】句意：我已经读过这本书两次了。它非常有趣。 never从未；just刚刚；yet还，常用于否定句和疑问句；already已经，常用于肯定句。根据“I have...read this book twice.”可知，本句是肯定句，强调动作已经完成，never与twice矛盾。应填already。 8．B 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过动物收容所吗？——是的，我去过。我上周去的。 Did; go去（一般过去时）；Have; been去过（现在完成时，表示经历）；Do; go去（一般现在时）；Are; going将去（现在进行时表将来）。根据答句“Yes, I have”可知，问句是现在完成时，且“ever”常与现在完成时连用，表示“曾经”，应填Have; been。 9．B 【详解】句意：John和Sue还没到。他们坐错了火车，而且现在手机也关机了。 didn’t arrive（一般过去时）；haven’t arrived（现在完成时）；won’t arrive（一般将来时）；hadn’t arrived（过去完成时）。句中关键词yet是现在完成时的标志词，强调到目前为止的状态，用现在完成时haven’t arrived符合语境。 10．B 【详解】句意：——汤姆在哪里？——他去了图书馆。他十分钟前离开的。 has been表示去过某地已经回来，has gone表示去了某地还没有回来，went是go的过去式，goes是go的第三人称单数。根据问句“Where is Tom?”可知，汤姆现在不在说话现场，说明他去了图书馆还没回来，应用has gone。 二、 11．Have 12．tried 13．decided 14．began 15．have 16．read 17．have taught 18．have allowed 19．knew 20．realized 【导语】本文讲述了一位同学通过阅读不同国家的书籍，拓宽文化视野、收获成长的阅读经历。 【详解】11．句意：你曾尝试过阅读来自不同国家的书籍吗？句中ever是现在完成时的标志词，且句子为疑问句，需用助动词have置于句首，首字母大写，构成现在完成时的疑问结构。 12．句意：你曾尝试过阅读来自不同国家的书籍吗？现在完成时的结构为“have/has+过去分词”，括号内动词try的过去分词为tried。 13．句意：今年年初，我决定尽可能多地阅读来自不同国家的书籍。时间状语“At the start of this year”表示过去的时间，句子需用一般过去时，decide的过去式为decided。 14．句意：我从《汤姆・索亚历险记》开始读起。此处描述过去开始阅读的动作，需用一般过去时，begin的过去式为began。 15．句意：现在我已经读了二十本不同的书。句中already是现在完成时的标志词，主语为I，需用助动词have构成现在完成时结构。 16．句意：现在我已经读了二十本不同的书。解析：现在完成时的结构为“have/has+过去分词”，括号内动词read的过去分词仍为read。 17．句意：这些书教会了我很多关于其他文化和社会的知识。此处强调这些书籍到目前为止带来的影响，需用现在完成时；主语“These books”为复数，助动词用have，teach的过去分词为taught，用have taught。 18．句意：它们让我用不同的视角看待世界。and连接并列谓语，时态需与前一句的现在完成时保持一致；主语they为复数，助动词用have，allow的过去分词为allowed，用have allowed。 19．句意：过去，我只知道不同国家的名字。时间状语“In the past”表示过去的时间，句子需用一般过去时，know的过去式为knew。 20．句意：我从未意识到我们的世界有这么大！句中never是现在完成时的标志词，主语为I，需用现在完成时“have+realized”，表示到目前为止从未意识到，此处已有have，用realized。 Unit8 现在完成时(2) 一、单项选择 1．Mr. Green ________ in our school for five years, and he ________ here in 2018. A．has worked; came B．worked; came C．has worked; has come D．worked; has come 2．—Why are you in such a hurry? —Because the class ________ for 5 minutes. A．is on B．Begins C．has begun D．has been on 3．I ________ a book from the library last month. I have to return it today because I ________ it for too long. A．lent; have kept B．borrowed; have borrowed C．lent; have lent D．borrowed; have kept 4．A new theme park ________ for two months in the city centre, but we ________ there so far. A．has opened; haven’t gone B．has been open; haven’t been C．has been open; haven’t gone to D．has been opened; haven’t been to 5．—How long have you ________ this computer? —It’s two weeks since I bought it. A．borrowed B．kept C．bought D．bad 6．—Daniel, ________ did you move here with your parents? —We ________ here since two years ago. A．when, have lived B．how long, lived C．how long, have moved D．when, moved 7．I ________ this book for two weeks. I have to return it to the library today. A．have borrowed B．have kept C．borrowed D．kept 8．I ________ many other terrible moments since then. A．experienced B．has experience C．experiences D．have experienced 9．The old man ________ for ten years, but his children still miss him very much. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．was dead 10．—When did you go to middle school? —Four years ago. I ________ my primary school for four years. A．am away from B．left C．was away from D．have been away from 11．Our teacher isn’t in the office. She ______ the school hall since 40 minutes ago and the show is still going on. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．has gone into 12．How long ________ you ________ a volunteer at the nursing home? A．have; been B．did; be C．are; being D．were; being 13．He was a doctor 5 years ago. However, he ________ a teacher since he changed his job. A．became B．will become C．was D．has been 14．—How long has your sister volunteered at the library? —She has volunteered there ________ she was in high school. A．for B．since C．when D．after 15．She has been a volunteer at the animal shelter ________ three years. A．since B．for C．in D．from 二、阅读短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 The film My People, My Homeland came out on October 1st, 2020. I think I 16 (never see) such a fantastic film before. I 17 (watch) it at least three times since it came out. Have you ever 18 (see) this film? If not, I’d like to introduce it to you. The film tells five different stories and I like The Last Lesson best. An old teacher has been ill for years and he 19 (want) to come back to China to finish his last lesson. It was so touching that I couldn’t help crying. Since then, my dream 20 (be) to be a teacher like him. I hope I can make it come true one day. Another story 21 (make) me laugh a lot. The actor is really funny. In the film, he 22 (work) as the head of a village, but his wife thought he 23 (learn) to draw in Russia at that time. One day, his wife wanted to make a video call to him, so all the villagers 24 (try) their best to pretend (假装) to be in Russia. A lot of funny stories happened. At last, his wife 25 (know) the truth and supported (支持) him. Whether the stories are funny or touching, everyone in the film works hard for their hometown. I will learn from them and do something for my hometown. 参考答案 一、 1．A 【详解】句意：格林先生在我们学校工作五年了，他2018年来到这里。 work工作；come来。句中“for five years”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语Mr. Green是第三人称单数，故第一空填has worked；句中“in 2018”是表示过去的具体时间状语，谓语动词应用一般过去时，come的过去式为came。故填has worked；came。 2．D 【详解】句意：——你为什么这么匆忙？——因为课已经进行5分钟了。 begin开始，是瞬间性动词，不能与时间段连用；be on正在进行，表示进行的状态，是延续性动词。根据“for 5 minutes”可知，句子需用现在完成时，且动词需具有延续性，has been on“持续进行”，符合语境。 3．D 【详解】句意：我上个月从图书馆借了一本书。我今天必须归还它，因为我已经保留它太久了。 borrow借入；lend借出；keep保留。第一空由“last month”可知用一般过去时，从图书馆借书用borrowed；第二空“for too long”表示一段时间，句子用现在完成时，需用延续性动词，borrow和lend为短暂性动词，keep为延续性动词。应填borrowed；have kept。 4．B 【详解】句意：市中心的一个新主题公园已经开放两个月了，但到目前为止我们还没去过那里。 第一空，根据“for two months”可知，谓语动词需表示延续性状态，open作动词是瞬间动作，不能与时间段连用，需改为系表结构“has been open”表示“处于开放状态”，排除A、D；第二空，there是地点副词，前面不能加介词to，选项C和D中均含有to，故排除。B选项has been open; haven’t been符合语境。 5．B 【详解】句意：——你持有这台电脑多长时间了？——自从我买它以来已经两周了。 borrowed借入；kept保持；bought买；bad坏的。根据“How long”可知提问时间段，谓语动词需用延续性动词。buy和borrow是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用；bad是形容词，语法不符。kept是延续性动词，符合语境。 6．A 【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，你什么时候和父母搬到这里来的？——自从两年前以来我们就住在这里了。 when什么时候；have lived已经居住，现在完成时；how long多长时间；lived居住，一般过去时；have moved已经搬家；moved搬家。根据答句中时间状语“since two years ago”可知，句子应用现在完成时，排除B、D选项；move是瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，live是延续性动词，可以与since连用，排除C选项。问句中助动词为did，询问搬家时间点用when。所以选A。 7．B 【详解】句意：我借这本书已经两周了。我今天必须把它还给图书馆。 have borrowed已经借了，现在完成时；have kept已经持有，现在完成时；borrowed借了，一般过去时；kept持有，一般过去时。根据时间状语“for two weeks”表示一段时间，句子需用现在完成时，且动词须为延续性动词。borrow是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需用延续性动词keep。 8．D 【详解】句意：从那时起，我经历了许多其他糟糕的时刻。 根据时间状语“since then”可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语是I，助动词应用have，experience的过去分词为experienced。故选D。 9．C 【详解】句意：这位老人已经去世十年了，但他的孩子们仍然非常想念他。 根据时间状语for ten years可知，句子应用现在完成时，且谓语动词需具有延续性。die是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，需转化为be dead表示状态。结合选项，A、B项含短暂性动词die，D项为过去时，只有C项符合现在完成时且表示延续状态。 10．D 【详解】句意：——你什么时候上的中学？——四年前。我离开我的小学已经四年了。 根据“for four years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，且谓语动词需用延续性动词，应填have been away from。 11．C 【详解】句意：我们的老师不在办公室。她自从40分钟前就待在学校礼堂了，而且演出仍在进行中。 has gone to去了（未返回，不能接时间段）；has been to去过（已返回，不能接时间段）；has been in待在某地（表示持续状态，可接时间段）；has gone into进入（短暂性动作，不能接时间段）。根据题干“since 40 minutes ago”表示时间段，应用延续性动词的现在完成时；且“the show is still going on”说明她仍在礼堂，应用has been in，应填has been in。 12．A 【详解】句意：你在养老院当志愿者多久了？ 根据“How long”可知，该句询问的是从过去持续到现在的时间段，应使用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”。主语是“you”，所以用“have been”。 13．D 【详解】句意：他五年前是一名医生。然而，自从他换了工作后，他就成为了一名老师。 根据“since he changed his job”可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语为he，助动词用has，be的过去分词为been。 14．B 【详解】句意：——你姐姐在图书馆做志愿者多久了？——她从高中时期就在那里做志愿者了。 for长达；since自从；when当……时候；after在……之后。根据问句How long是询问时长，且后句接时间点she was in high school可知，此处表示自从高中起，应填since。 15．B 【详解】句意：她在动物收容所做志愿者已经三年了。 since自从，后接时间点，用于完成时；for长达，后接时间段，用于完成时；in在……之后，后接时间段，用于将来时；from从，常与to连用。“three years”是时间段，且主句是现在完成时，应填for。 二、 16．have never seen 17．have watched 18．seen 19．wanted 20．has been 21．made 22．worked 23．was learning 24．tried 25．knew 【导语】本文主要介绍了电影《我和我的家乡》通过五个故事展现了人们对家乡的热爱与奉献，其中《最后一课》这个关于老教师的故事尤其感人，激发了你成为教师的梦想。 【详解】16．句意：我以前‌从没见过‌这么棒的电影。此句时态为现在完成时，需用其have done结构形式，never放于结构中，see应改为其过去分词seen。故填have never seen。 17．句意：自从这部电影上映以来，我已经看了至少三遍了。此句时态为现在完成时，需用其have done结构形式，watch应改为其过去分词watched。故填have watched。 18．句意：你已经看过这部电影吗？此句时态为现在完成时，需用其have done结构形式，see应改为其过去分词seen。故填seen。 19．句意：这位老教师生病多年，他渴望回到中国上完最后一课。此句时态为一般过去时，want要用其过去式wanted。故填wanted。 20．句意：从那时起，我的梦想就是成为像他一样的老师。此句时态为现在完成时，需用其have done结构形式，be应改为其过去分词been。故填has been。 21．句意：另一个故事让我大笑。此句时态为一般过去时，make要用其过去式made。故填made。 22．句意：在电影里，他担任村长，但他的妻子认为他当时在俄罗斯学画画。此句时态为一般过去时，work要用其过去式worked。故填worked。 23．句意：在电影里，他担任村长，但他的妻子认为他当时正在俄罗斯学画画。此处表达“正在学习”，时态为过去进行时，所以要用was/were doing的形式，放于主语he之后，be用单数形式was，learn应改为learning。故填was learning。 24．句意：有一天，他的妻子想给他打个视频电话，所以所有的村民都尽力假装自己在俄罗斯。此句时态为一般过去时，try要用其过去式tried。故填tried。 25．句意：最后，他的妻子知道了真相，并支持了他。此句时态为一般过去时，know要用其过去式knew。故填knew。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【期末备考】2025-2026年八年级英语下学期期末复习满分冲刺（人教版新教材） 专题04 基础过关之综合语法专练 目录： 1.整册语法梳理 2.单元语法专项练习（8个单元） 整册语法梳理 Unit 1 Time to Relax 核心语法：动词不定式（to do）的用法 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和表语等。此处重点呈现动词不定式作宾语、目的状语和宾语补足语三种用法。 1.作宾语(相当于名词,放在及物动词后) 动词不定式直接跟在及物动词后,充当动作的承受对象(宾语)。常见的后面跟带to的不定式作宾语的动词有want(想要)、hope(希望)、decide(决定)、plan(计划)、learn(学习)、try(尝试)、wish(希望)、afford(负 担得起)等。 want to do sth. 想要做某事 like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 try to do sth. 努力做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 would like to do sth. 想要做某事 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 help (to) do sth. 帮助做某事 remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 例如: I want to visit the Great Wall next year.我想明年去参观长城。 She decided to study English harder. 她决定更努力地学习英语。 2.作目的状语(相当于副词,说明动作的目的) 动词不定式表示 “为了……”,修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。 例如: He gets up early to catch the first bus. 他早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。 To pass the exam, she studies late every night. 为了通过考试,她每晚学习到很晚。 3.作宾语补足语(补充说明宾语的动作) 动词不定式跟在宾语后,补充说明宾语“做什么”或“如何做”,形成“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 常见的后面跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask(要求)、tell(告诉)、order(命令)、want(想要)、wish(希望)、advise(建议)、teach(教)、allow(允许)、help(帮助)等,help后的动词不定式常省略to。 ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 吩咐某人做某事 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 例如: My teacher asked me to finish the homework on time. 老师让我按时完成作业。 Parents want their children to be happy. 父母希望孩子快乐。 【注意】使役动词(如make, let等)及感官动词(如see, feel, hear, watch等)后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如： The children made me tell the story again. 孩子们让我再讲一次那个故事。 I often see them play football on the playground. 我经常看到他们在操场踢足球。 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 核心语法：情态动词 should和could的用法 & 反身代词 1. 情态动词should和could用来表示提议或建议,后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。否定形式是在其后加not, should not可缩写为shouldn't,could not可缩写为couldn't。谓语中含有情态动词should或 could的肯定句变为一般疑问句时,把 should或could 提到主语之前。 2.反身代词表示 “……自己”,在句中可作宾语、同位语和表语。常用的含有反身代词的短语有: teach oneself=learn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself玩得愉快 help oneself to ... 随便吃/喝些…… dress oneself 自己穿衣 by oneself 独自 Unit 3 Growing Up 核心语法： 从属连词although、until和so that的用法 从属连词用来引导复合句中的从句。although、until和so that都是用来引导状语从句的连接词。其用法如下: 1.although引导让步状语从句 although意为“虽然;尽管;即使”,其引导的让步状语从句一般位于主句前,可以用though替换;although/though不能与but、however连用,但可与yet(作副词)、still连用。例如: Although she was in poor health, but she continued to carry out her duties.(✕) Although she was in poor health, she continued to carry out her duties.(√) 尽管她身体不好,但她继续履行她的职责。 Although Tom practised a lot, he is not confident yet. 虽然汤姆练习了很多,但他还是没有信心。 Although it’s sunny today, he still feels cold. 尽管今天阳光明媚,但他还是觉得冷。 2.until引导时间状语从句 主句是肯定句时,其谓语动词用延续性动词,强调主句的动作或状态一直持续到从句的动作发生为止,意为“直到……为止”;主句是否定句时,其谓语动词用非延续性动词,侧重主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始,意为“直到……才……”。例如: Let’s wait until the rain stops.咱们等雨停了吧。 We didn’t start our discussion until he came. 3.so that引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句 (1)so that意为“以便;为了”;相当于in order that,引导目的状语从句,从句中多含有can、could等情态动词。在口语中,so that的that可以省略,而in order that的that则不能。例如: I took a taxi so that I could get there early. 我乘坐了一辆出租车,为了能早点儿到那儿。 (2)so that意为“因此;所以”,引导结果状语从句,陈述客观事实,常常不带情态动词。例如: He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 他努力学习,因此他通过了考试。 直到他来了,我们才开始讨论。 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 核心语法：原级、比较级和最高级 一、原级句型 1. 1. “A+谓语动词+as+原级+as+B”表示“A和B一样……”。例如: My book is as interesting as yours. 我的书和你的一样有趣。 2. 2.“A+谓语动词+not as/so+原级+as+B”表示“A不如B……”。例如: This bag is not as/so big as that one. 这个包不如那个大。 二、比较级常用句型 1.“A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B”表示“A比B更……”。例如: The Yangtze River is longer than the Yellow River. 长江比黄河长。 2. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。例如: The weather is getting warmer and warmer. 天气越来越暖和了。 3.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。例如: The more you practise, the better you will speak English. 你练习得越多,英语说得就越好。 4.“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示“比其他任何一个都……”。例如: He is taller than any other student in his class. 他比班上其他任何学生都高。 三、最高级常用句型 1.“A+谓语动词+the+最高级+(in/of+范围)”表示“A是……中最……的”,用于三者或三者以上的比较,in后接范围,of后接同类事物。例如: Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。 She is the smartest of all the students. 她是所有学生中最聪明的。 2.“one of the+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”。例如: The Great Wall is one of the most famous places in China. 长城是中国最著名的地方之一。 Unit 5 Nature's Temper 核心语法：过去进行时 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。常与then、at this time yesterday、at that time 以及when、while、just as引导的时间状语从句等连用。本单元重点讲解包含when或while引导的时间状语从句的过去进行时态。 1. 过去进行时的基本句式 肯定句：主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他. 否定句：主语+was/were+not+动词-ing形式+其他. 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答：No,主语+wasn't/weren't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+动词-ing形式+其他? 例如: The girl was shopping when I saw her. 我看见那个女孩的时候她正在购物。 He was not working at that time. 那时他没在工作。 —Was he playing basketball then? —Yes, he was./—No, he wasn’t. ——那个时候他在打篮球吗? ——是的，他在打篮球。/——不，他没在打篮球。 3. when和while在过去进行时态中的用法 表示过去某个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行，与when引导的时间状语从句连用（主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时） 表示过去某个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行，与while引导的时间状语从句连用（主句用一般过去时,从句用过去进行时） Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 核心语法：从属连词so ... that、unless、as soon as的用法 1. so ... that的用法 so ... that意为“如此……以至于”,so后面接形容词或副词,that引导结果状语从句。例如: The coffee is so hot that I can't drink it. 咖啡太热了,我没法喝。 so ... that的同义句转换: (1) 如果so ... that引导的从句是肯定句,可以与“形容词/副词+enough (for sb) to do”结构相互转换。 例如: The box is so light that I can carry it. =The box is light enough for me to carry.这个箱子很轻,我能搬动。 (2)如果so ... that引导的从句是否定句,可以与“not+形容词/副词+ enough to do”结构或“too ... to”结构相互转换。例如: He is so young that he can't go to school. =He isn't old enough to go to school. =He is too young to go to school. 他太小了,不能上学。 2. unless的用法 unless引导条件状语从句,意为“除非;如果不”,表示如果从句表述的条件未满足,则主句的情况就不会发生。在unless引导的条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时表示将来,而主句则用will表示的一般将来时的句子、含有情态动词的句子或是祈使句。例如: Unless you study hard, you won't pass the exam. 如果你不努力学习,你将不会通过考试。 I may miss the train unless I hurry. 我可能会错过火车,除非我快一点。 Be quiet unless you have something important to say. 除非有重要的事,否则保持安静。 3. as soon as的用法 as soon as引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”,强调主句动作紧随从句动作发生,突出时间上的“即时性”。当表示还未发生的动作时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,而主句则用含有will的一般将来时;当表示已发生过的动作时,主句和从句都用一般过去时。例如: I will call you as soon as I arrive at the airport. 我一到机场就给你打电话。 He left as soon as the meeting ended. 会议一结束他就离开了。 Unit 7 A Good Read 核心语法： 现在完成时(1) 1.现在完成时的用法 (1) 定义：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；或表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态(有可能持续下去)。如： It has just snowed. 刚刚下过雪。(地上有积雪) She has taught in the school for ten years. 她在这所学校教书已经 10 年了。（有可能继续教下去） (2) 谓语动词：have / has+过去分词 (3) 时间标志词：for+时间段，since+表示过去的时间点，already(用于肯定句中),yet(用于否定句和疑问句中)，just，before，recently，still，lately，these years，up to now，so far，in / over / during the last / past few months等。 2. 现在完成时的句式变化 句  式 结  构 举  例 肯定句 主语，have /has,过去分词，其他. He has had dinner.他吃过晚饭了。 否定句 主语+haven't/hasn't +过去分词+其他. He hasn't had dinner.他还没有吃晚饭。 一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+have/has. 否定回答：No,主语+haven't/hasn't. —Has he had dinner?他吃过晚饭了吗? —Yes,he has.是的，他吃过了。 —No,he hasn't.不，他还没吃。 3. 过去分词的变化规则 （1）规则动词的过去分词构成与其过去式的构成相同 变化规则 举  例 一般情况下在词尾加-ed help→helped→helped 以不发音的e结尾的，加-d decide→decided→decided 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节单词，双写该辅音字母再加-ed stop→stopped→stopped 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的，变y为i,再加- ed carry→carried→carried 4. have been to, have gone to与have been in的区别 have been to 意为“去过；到过”,暗含“已经回来了”之意，常ever,never,once,twice等词连用 I have been to London twice. 我去过伦敦两次。 have gone to  意为“去了”,说话时作为句子主语的人不在现场，暗含“还没有回来”之意，通常是第三人称作主语 Her children have gone to America,and she misses them very much. 她的孩子们去了美国，她非常想念他们。 have been in  意为“在某地待了……”,常与表示一段时间的状语连用，强调在某地停留了一段时间 Mr.Brown has been in China for threeyears. 布朗先生已经在中国待了3年了。 Unit 8 Making a Difference 核心语法：现在完成时(2) 1.现在完成时表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间开始并一直延续到现在,还可能继续下去。常与“for+一段时间”或“since+过去的时间点或从句”连用。 (1)现在完成时和“for+一段时间”连用。例如: She has been a doctor for ten years. 她当医生已经十年了。 (2)现在完成时和“since+表示过去的时间点”连用。例如: I have studied English since eight years ago. 我从8年前开始学英语。 (3)现在完成时和“since+从句”连用。例如: They have known each other since they were very young. 他们从很小的时候就认识彼此了。 2.延续性动词与非延续性动词 延续性动词 非延续性动词 概  念 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作 可以长时间延续下去或产生持久影响 非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间性动词 或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束 举  例 learn,work,lie,know,walk,keep,have, wait,watch,sing,read,sleep等 open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive, reach,get to,leave,move,borrow,buy等 用  法 延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，可与表示 “时间段”的状语连用。如：I have learned English since I came here.我 自从来到这儿就开始学英语了。 非延续性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成， 因此也可用于现在完成时。如： The train has arrived.火车已经到了。 延续性动词不能与表示“时间点”的状语 连用。如果要用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动 作，可以借助come,begin,get等非延续性 动词。如：I got to know Jack two years ago.我是两年 前认识杰克的。 非延续性动词在现在完成时的肯定句中不可与表示"时间段"的状语连用；但在现在完成时的否定句中，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。如： He has left here since 1986. (误) He hasn't left here since 1986. (正) 【注意】常见的表示“时间段”的状语有for短语和since短语等，for+时间段； since+过去的时间点；since + 段时间 ago；since + 一般过去时的句子 例如：for two years,since last year,since2023 语法专项练习 Unit1动词不定式（to do） 一、单项选择 1．I play the guitar ________. A．relax B．to relax C．relaxing D．relaxed 2．The instructor told me ________ give up so easily. A．not to B．to not C．don’t D．not 3．My father taught me ________ the guitar. A．play B．playing C．to play D．played 4．I decided ________ calligraphy after watching Yaming. A．try B．to try C．trying D．tried 5．It is important for us ________ our feelings clearly to others. A．express B．to express C．expressing D．expressed 6．She promised ________ up smoking to reduce stress. A．give B．giving C．to give D．gave 7．It took her a long time ________ over the fear of speaking in public. A．get B．to get C．getting D．got 8．They agreed ________ an outing to the mountains once a month. A．have B．to have C．having D．had 9．She tried ________ her best to get good grades in the final exam. A．do B．to do C．doing D．did 10．It is a good idea ________ a poem as a gift for your friend. A．write B．to write C．writing D．wrote 二、根据要求完成句子 11．I play the flute. I want to relax. （用不定式合并句子） I play the flute ________ ________. 12．She went to the sports centre. She wanted to ice-skate. （用不定式合并句子） She went to the sports centre ________ ________. 13．My father taught me how I could play the guitar. （改为简单句，用不定式） My father taught me ________ ________ ________ the guitar. 14．I decided that I would try calligraphy. (改为简单句，用不定式) I decided ________ ________ calligraphy. 15．He works hard to improve his skills.（改为否定句） He works hard ________ ________ improve his skills. 16．My parents advise me to keep a balanced diet.（改为否定句） My parents advise me ________ ________ keep a balanced diet. 17．The girl expects her brother to help her with the box.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ the girl expect her brother ________ ________? 18．Please give me some tips on how to keep healthy. (改为同义句) Please ________ me ________ ________ ________ keep healthy. 19．Could you tell me how I can work out the problem?（改为同义句） Could you tell me ________ _______ work out the problem? 三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文意思完整、通顺 stay  check  improve  explore  relax  develop Digital technology helps us 20 a colorful life! I love watching short videos online. They help me 21 and kill time. They also allow me 22 in touch with my friends easily. I use study apps 23 my knowledge and skills. The apps let me 24 my study plan every day. They also encourage me 25 new hobbies in my free time. Unit2情态动词 should和could & 反身代词 一、单项选择 1．You ________ eat too much sweet food, or you will have a toothache. A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 2．—I’m worried about the coming exam. What can I do? —Don’t be nervous. You ________ ask your teacher for advice. A．would B．should C．wouldn't D．shouldn't 3．—Could you please help me make my bed? —I’m afraid I ________. You ________ do it on your own. A．could; may B．couldn’t; should C．can’t; should D．can’t; may 4．We ________ be careful with fire, or something may catch fire and hurt people. A．could B．should C．can D．might 5．—Mom, it’s too hot. ________ I swim in the lake with my friends? —No, you ________. That’s too dangerous! A．Could; mustn’t B．Need; couldn’t C．Must; needn’t D．Could; couldn’t 6．—Dad, _________ you give me a ride to town now? If I take the bus, I’ll be late. —I’m I afraid I _________, Peter. The car is broken. A．could; can’t B．could; couldn’t C．should; shouldn’t D．should; needn’t 7．You look tired, Olivia. You ________ stay up late too often. A．should B．need C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 8．Peter hurt ________ when he climbed the mountains in Utah. A．myself B．yourself C．herself D．himself 9．Mr Lu knows how to teach his child because he used to be a teacher ________. A．yourself B．herself C．himself D．myself 10．—The basketball game is coming. We need to believe in ________ and support each other. —That’s right. Pulling together makes us stronger. A．myself B．ourselves C．itself D．themselves 11．—Who taught your grandma to use the health app on her phone? —Nobody. She learned it all by ________. A．himself B．herself C．myself D．yourself 12．Earthquakes can be very dangerous. We ________ learn to protect ________. A．might; we B．should ; ourselves C．could; our D．would; us 13．—Who taught you to swim? —Nobody. I taught ________. A．myself B．yourself C．himself D．herself 14．Don’t worry about Mary. She can look after ________ well. A．himself B．herself C．ourselves D．themselves 15．Lily spent most of the time practicing and really enjoyed________during the winter holiday. A．her B．him C．herself D．himself 二、用括号单词正确形式填空 Last week, I went to the old people’s home with my classmates. We 16 (should / could) do something to help them. I talked to an old grandma and she hurt 17 (her) when she walked. We helped her clean her room by 18 (we). We also sang songs and made them enjoy 19 (they). We felt happy because we helped people by 20 (our). Unit3从属连词although、until和so that 一、单项选择 1．I didn’t go to bed ________ I finished my homework last night. A．although B．until C．so that D．if 2．________ it was raining heavily outside, we still decided to go hiking as planned. A．Although B．Until C．So D．But 3．________ he is an 8-year-old boy, ________ he knows 1,000 English words. A．Although; / B．But; / C．Although; but D．But; although 4．—Doctor, can my son go back to school tomorrow? —No. He should rest at home ________ he is completely well. A．since B．after C．if D．until 5．You won’t understand why she got upset ________ you put yourself in her shoes. A．so that B．but C．until D．if 6．We climbed higher ________ we might get a better view. A．Because B．as long as C．when D．so that 7．________ climbing the hill was tiring, Tom still enjoyed the beautiful views along the way. A．Although B．As C．If D．But 8．We should try our best to protect the environment ________ we can make our planet more beautiful. A．so that B．even though C．as soon as D．in order to 9．—When can we start the game? I’m getting bored. —We have to wait ________ all the players arrive. It won’t be fun if someone is absent. A．when B．after C．until D．although 10．The opening ceremony (仪式) didn’t begin ________ all players arrived and took their seats. A．unless B．until C．when D．though 11．—How long did you stay outside last night? —________ the concert in the square was over. A．Not until B．Since C．When D．Till 12．—I failed the math test again. I feel so upset. —________ you didn’t get a good grade, you have tried your best. Don’t give up. A．Until B．So that C．Although D．If 13．We choose to sit at the front of the classroom ________ we could see the words clearly. A．as soon as B．even though C．so that D．in order to 14．Su Yiming achieved great success at the 2026 Winter Olympics ________ he faced great difficulties. A．so that B．unless C．because D．although 15．It’s raining outside. Please don’t leave________ it stops. A．since B．when C．while D．until 二、用正确的连词填空 I used to believe that success came only to the lucky ones. I never tried to realize my own dreams seriously 16 I met an old artist named Mr. Wilson. He told me his story: 17 you are not naturally gifted, you can still achieve great things through hard work. He had a simple goal: to create art 18 it could bring joy to everyone . It was a long journey. He didn’t sell a single painting 19 he turned forty! But he kept practicing every day, believing in himself. His advice changed my life. Now I understand that 20 the road is difficult, you can reach your goals as long as you don’t give up. Unit4形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级 一、单项选择 1．He is a lot ________ than you, but he is as ________ as you. A．thin; stronger B．thiner; strong C．thinner; strong D．thin; strong 2．Walking along the path with flowers on both sides is ________ enjoying a beautiful painting. A．as well as B．so good as C．so well as D．as good as 3．Yesterday, I made dinner for my family for the first time. My dishes tasted as ________ as they looked, but my parents ate them all. A．better B．good C．worse D．bad 4．The Nile River is 6,671 kilometres long. It is ________ than the Yangtze River. A．long B．longer C．the longest D．more long 5．She always keeps her room clean and tidy, so the room looks ________ new. A．as old as B．as well as C．as bad as D．as good as 6．The waterfall is becoming ________ and more beautiful. A．famous B．more famous C．most famous D．the famous 7．Mount Qomolangma is ________ mountain in the world. A．high B．higher C．the highest D．highest 8．Of all the subjects, I think English is ________ for me. A．the more interesting B．the most interesting C．more interesting D．most interesting 9．The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000 miles ________. A．long B．longer C．longest D．the longest 10．Victoria Falls is one of ________ waterfalls in the world. A．amazing B．more amazing C．most amazing D．the most amazing 11．— Peter, I can’t hear you over the loud music. — Well, I will speak a little ________ so that you can hear me. A．most quietly B．loudest C．more quietly D．louder 12．—Can you teach me how to improve spoken English? —The more you practise, ________ it will become. A．the worse B．the worst C．the better D．the best 13．—Do you know something about lakes in China ? —Yes. Poyang Lake is the ________ freshwater lake in China. A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．deep 14．Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest ________ of nature in the world. A．wonder B．wonders C．wonderful D．wondering 15．This is the ________ TV programme I have watched. I don’t like it at all. A．more boring B．most boring C．more exciting D．most exciting 二、阅读短文，在空白处填入恰当单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Do you know an amazing waterfall in Guizhou? It’s the Huangguoshu Waterfall, the 16 (one) largest waterfall in Asia. It is 17 (big) than many waterfalls in Europe. However, it is 18 (popular) than any other waterfall in China because of its great power. It is also one of the 19 (great) natural wonders in China. Among all the waterfalls, the Huangguoshu Waterfall is the 20 (fantastic). The waterfall is between Guizhou and Guangxi. It is about 100 metres wide in the rainy season and it becomes much 21 (narrow) in the dry season, only 40 metres wide. The reason why it is famous is that the water falls down from a high place. The river is about 200 metres wide above the waterfall, but below it, the river becomes 22 (little) than 20 metres wide. You can feel the 23 (power) water when you stand close. If you get as 24 (near) as possible to the waterfall, you can even feel the wind it brings. As one of the 25 (surprising) places in China, it attracts millions of visitors every year. Unit5过去进行时 一、单项选择 1．My little sister ________ toys while I was reading books. A．is playing B．plays C．played D．was playing 2．Students ________ a basketball game on the playground, when suddenly it began to rain cats and dogs. A．had B．will have C．are having D．were having 3．I was folding my clothes while my mother ________ in the kitchen. A．cooked B．cooks C．cooking D．was cooking 4．My father ________ a newspaper when I got home yesterday evening. A．reads B．is reading C．was reading D．will read 5．—What were you doing ________ the storm happened? —I ________ home. A．while; drove B．when; drove C．when; was driving D．while; was driving 6．—What’s the matter? — I ________ down while I ________ on the ice. I got hurt badly. A．was falling, skated B．fell, was skating C．fell, skated D．was falling, skating 7．—Why didn’t you go to the movies yesterday? —________ you were watching the movie, I was helping my mom cook. A．Since B．Although C．While D．If 8．While I was walking home from school, Tony ________ me and told me the good news. A．calls B．is calling C．called D．was calling 9．My family ________ dinner when the typhoon hit. A．had B．have C．were having D．are having 10．I was doing my homework ______ the light went out. A．while B．when C．until D．because 11．Toby was watering the flowers ________ Jim was sweeping the floor in the classroom. A．until B．when C．while D．if 12．While my sister ________ TV, I was listening to music in the living room. A．watches B．watched C．were watching D．was watching 13．—What ________ you ________ when the teacher came into the classroom? —I was reading an English storybook. A．do; do B．did; do C．were; doing D．are; doing 14．________ the storm passed, the sun came out. A．While B．When C．During D．As soon as 15．He ________ his bike to school when it started to rain heavily. A．rode B．was riding C．rides D．is riding 二、短文填空（用一般过去时或过去进行时） Last Sunday, I 16 (walk) in the park when I 17 (see) an old man. He 18 (sit) on a bench and looked sad. While I 19 (think) about whether to help him, a little girl 20 (come) over. She 21 (give) the old man a flower. The old man 22 (smile) while he 23 (look) at the flower. The sun 24 (shine) and the birds 25 (sing). It was a warm and beautiful moment. Unit6从属连词so ... that、unless、as soon as 一、单项选择 1．The movie is ________ boring ________ I want to leave early. A．too; to B．enough; to C．so; that D．very; that 2．The greeting in France is ________ friendly ________ many visitors feel embarrassed at first. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to 3．Don’t be rude, ________ people will have a wrong idea of you. A．and B．but C．so D．or 4．________ you arrive in the city, call me at once. A．As soon as B．Before C．Until D．Since 5．My sister will call me ________ she arrives at her university. A．unless B．so that C．as soon as D．because 6．—Will you go to the concert with me?    —I won’t go ________ I finish my homework first. A．unless B．if C．when D．as soon as 7．You will miss the train _______ you hurry up. A．if B．unless C．as soon as D．so that 8．—What do you think of the movie? —It’s ________ wonderful ________ I want to see it again. A．too; to B．so; that C．such; that D．enough; to 9．The cake was ________ big ________ we couldn’t finish it. So we decided to save some for tomorrow. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to 10．You will get used to local customs ________ you stay here for some time. A．if B．until C．so D．But 二、请从方框中选择合适的单词或短语完成短文，并判断这位交换生来自哪个国家。 surprising surprised interesting interested so ... that as soon as unless Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is 11 different from your own 12 you feel 13 . For example, I experienced this 14 I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really 15 to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone 16 we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and 17 in learning about the culture there. It’s so 18 to discover cultural differences like this! The writer is from 19 . (Germany / Peru / Japan) Unit7 现在完成时(1) 一、单项选择 1．—What do you think of the book “Robinson Crusoe”? —It’s a wonderful book. I ________ reading it already. A．finish B．finished C．have finished D．will finish 2．—What do you think of the film? —It’s so great that I ________ it three times so far. A．watch B．watched C．have watched D．will watch 3．—________ you ________ the exchange students around your hometown yet? —Yes. We had a fantastic time there. A．Have; shown B．Do; show C．Will; show D．Did; show 4．Have you ________ tried to write a short story? A．just B．ever C．never D．yet 5．This book must be great. My sister ________ it three times. A．reads B．has read C．is reading D．read 6．— Have you decided on a book for English class? — Yes, I ________. A．do B．am C．have D．did 7．I have ________ read this book twice. It is very interesting. A．never B．just C．yet D．already 8．—________ you ever ________ to an animal shelter? —Yes, I have. I went there last week. A．Did; go B．Have; been C．Do; go D．Are; going 9．John and Sue ________ yet. They took the wrong train and now their phones are off. A．didn’t arrive B．haven’t arrived C．won’t arrive D．hadn’t arrived 10．—Where is Tom? —He _______ to the library. He left ten minutes ago. A．has been B．has gone C．went D．goes 二、请用括号中动词的正确形式（一般过去时或现在完成时）完成短文。 11 you ever 12 (try) to read books from different countries? At the start of this year, I 13 (decide) to read books from as many countries as possible. I 14 (begin) with The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Now I 15 already 16 (read) twenty different books. These books 17 (teach) me a lot about other cultures and societies, and they 18 (allow) me to see the world differently. In the past, I only 19 (know) the names of different countries, but now I understand them a little bit better. This experience has been amazing so far. I have never 20 (realize) how big our world really is! Unit8 现在完成时(2) 一、单项选择 1．Mr. Green ________ in our school for five years, and he ________ here in 2018. A．has worked; came B．worked; came C．has worked; has come D．worked; has come 2．—Why are you in such a hurry? —Because the class ________ for 5 minutes. A．is on B．Begins C．has begun D．has been on 3．I ________ a book from the library last month. I have to return it today because I ________ it for too long. A．lent; have kept B．borrowed; have borrowed C．lent; have lent D．borrowed; have kept 4．A new theme park ________ for two months in the city centre, but we ________ there so far. A．has opened; haven’t gone B．has been open; haven’t been C．has been open; haven’t gone to D．has been opened; haven’t been to 5．—How long have you ________ this computer? —It’s two weeks since I bought it. A．borrowed B．kept C．bought D．bad 6．—Daniel, ________ did you move here with your parents? —We ________ here since two years ago. A．when, have lived B．how long, lived C．how long, have moved D．when, moved 7．I ________ this book for two weeks. I have to return it to the library today. A．have borrowed B．have kept C．borrowed D．kept 8．I ________ many other terrible moments since then. A．experienced B．has experience C．experiences D．have experienced 9．The old man ________ for ten years, but his children still miss him very much. A．died B．has died C．has been dead D．was dead 10．—When did you go to middle school? —Four years ago. I ________ my primary school for four years. A．am away from B．left C．was away from D．have been away from 11．Our teacher isn’t in the office. She ______ the school hall since 40 minutes ago and the show is still going on. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．has gone into 12．How long ________ you ________ a volunteer at the nursing home? A．have; been B．did; be C．are; being D．were; being 13．He was a doctor 5 years ago. However, he ________ a teacher since he changed his job. A．became B．will become C．was D．has been 14．—How long has your sister volunteered at the library? —She has volunteered there ________ she was in high school. A．for B．since C．when D．after 15．She has been a volunteer at the animal shelter ________ three years. A．since B．for C．in D．from 二、阅读短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 The film My People, My Homeland came out on October 1st, 2020. I think I 16 (never see) such a fantastic film before. I 17 (watch) it at least three times since it came out. Have you ever 18 (see) this film? If not, I’d like to introduce it to you. The film tells five different stories and I like The Last Lesson best. An old teacher has been ill for years and he 19 (want) to come back to China to finish his last lesson. It was so touching that I couldn’t help crying. Since then, my dream 20 (be) to be a teacher like him. I hope I can make it come true one day. Another story 21 (make) me laugh a lot. The actor is really funny. In the film, he 22 (work) as the head of a village, but his wife thought he 23 (learn) to draw in Russia at that time. One day, his wife wanted to make a video call to him, so all the villagers 24 (try) their best to pretend (假装) to be in Russia. A lot of funny stories happened. At last, his wife 25 (know) the truth and supported (支持) him. Whether the stories are funny or touching, everyone in the film works hard for their hometown. I will learn from them and do something for my hometown. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $