UNIT 5 素养练习2026-2027学年外研版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 该单元卷以“自然生态与环境保护”为主题，融合阅读理解、完形填空等多样题型，适配初中英语单元复习，通过真实情境提升语言能力与生态意识，培养综合素养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|20题/40分|动物作用、食物链、生态平衡|含高阶思维题（如主旨大意、推理判断），占比25%，情境贴近环保热点（如金枪鱼过度捕捞）| |完形填空|10题/10分|生态系统修复|以黄石公园狼群案例考查语篇逻辑，体现思维品质| |语篇填空|10题/10分|太空生态实验|结合科技前沿（斑马鱼太空研究），考查语法应用与信息获取| |阅读与表达|4题/10分|食物链与人类影响|需分析文本并表达观点（如用枪控动物数量的危害），培养学习能力| |书面表达|1题/20分|生态破坏与保护建议|整合原因分析与建议（如护动物家园、植树），提升语言表达与文化意识|

UNIT 5 素养练习 　第一部分　选择题(共50) 一、阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2；共40) 第一节 A There are lots of amazing animals in the world. Let's meet some of them. Earthworms move through soil (土壤) and make it soft. This helps plants grow better by letting air and water reach their roots. Farmers love earthworms because they keep the soil healthy for crops. Their poop is a natural food for plants and makes the soil rich. Oysters are like tiny water cleaners. When they eat, water goes into their gills (鳃). The gills filter (过滤) the water and then let it go. This makes seawater cleaner for some sea animals. An oyster can clean up to 50 liters of water every day. Clean water is really important for everyone! Beavers are small but smart. They work together to build dams, using rocks, mud and wood. Wood is the main part of these dams which control water flow and create ponds. The ponds give animals safe homes and clean water. To stay safe, some tortoises dig deep holes with their strong legs. After tortoises leave, animals like snakes, rabbits, and insects move into these empty holes. Tortoises help many creatures live safely without even knowing it! 　　Animals are nature's helpers. They show us that even small actions can make a big difference. Let's protect them and thank them for their hard work! 1．(　)What do earthworms do to help plants grow better? A．They make the soil soft. B．They catch dirt in the soil. C．They make air fresh. D．They eat harmful insects in soil. 2．(　)Why are oysters called “tiny water cleaners”？ A．They try to make some ponds. B．They dig holes to make seawater clean. C．They take in and filter water through their gills. D．They produce a special liquid to purify water. 3．(　)Which animals in the passage help other animals by creating homes? A．Oysters and beavers. B．Beavers and tortoises. C．Earthworms and oysters. D．Tortoises and earthworms. 4．(　) What is the main idea of the passage? A．Animals can be dangerous to humans. B．Animals play important roles in nature. C．Different animals have different living habits. D．Animals should live freely without human help. B There are different kinds of plants and animals on the earth and they get their food in different ways. Food chains are just used to show who eats what in a very simple way. Food Chains Here are some examples of food chains. •A garden food chain might look like this： •Humans can also be part of a food chain. A farm food chain could look like this： A food chain shows how plants and animals are connected with each other based on the foods they eat. Food chains are different depending on the habitat. A habitat is the scientific name for a place where animals and plants live. Habitats can be very different from each other, so a garden food chain would be very different from a farm food chain. Food chains usually start with a green plant. This is because plants can directly change sunlight into energy that they can use for themselves. These plants create or produce their own food. They use this food to grow leaves, flowers, fruit and seeds. Food Chain Disruptions (中断) When a food chain is broken, it may result in a bad situation. An example is overfishing. Over the years，humans have been catching too many fish at a quick speed, leaving not enough to keep a healthy population. Because of this, other animals such as the turtles are endangered. So, humans should make sure our activities don't harm the ecosystem. 5．(　)How does the text explain “food chains”？ A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By asking a question. 6．(　) What may be put in __▲__ in the second food chain? A．chickens B．trees C．sunlight D．flowers 7．(　)Why do food chains usually start with a green plant? A．Because plants always need light and water to grow. B．Because plants can use sunlight to make their own energy. C．Because plants always have leaves，flowers，fruit and seeds. D．Because plants grow by themselves in a garden or on a farm. 8．(　) What can be the best title for this text? A．The information of food chains B．All kinds of food for human beings C．How to keep balance in the ecosystem D．The reasons why the turtles are endangered C Think about a world without insects. It might sound nice at first. There would be no flies or mosquitoes (蚊子) in your room. But in fact, this could be really bad news. The number of insects is getting smaller and smaller. In the 27 years from 1989 to 2016, the number of insects fell by 75%. Scientists say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides (农药). They are bad for the places that insects live in. What would happen without insects? It's almost impossible to give an answer, but insects are very important to humans. We need insects to pollinate crops (给庄稼授粉). They also break down dead plants and animals and turn them into new useful things. And we need them to keep the soil healthy and do much more. Without insects, many animals would have nothing to eat. They would go hungry and die. The ecosystem (生态系统) would be out of balance. How can we stop it from happening? The first step to stop this is to let more people understand “the value of the natural world”. The best place to start is with our children. We should encourage them to protect the environment from an early age. 9．(　)What is the main reason for the dropping number of insects? A．The use of pesticides. B．The lack of food. C．The change of climate. D．The increase of crop pollination. 10．(　)Which is NOT the reason why we need insects? A．To pollinate crops. B．To keep the soil healthy. C．To turn themselves into useful things. D．To break down dead plants and animals. 11．(　)What would happen to many animals without insects? A．They would have more food. B．They would reproduce faster. C．They would become stronger. D．They would go hungry and die. 12．(　)How can we stop the ecosystem from going off balance? A．We should stop using pesticides. B．We should pollinate crops by ourselves. C．We should encourage children to protect the environment. D．We should stop people from understanding “the value of nature”． D After a 10­year project to count tuna(金枪鱼)and other large fish in the world's oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone. Because of too much fishing, almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat—has disappeared. If we don't take action, these animals will totally disappear. That will influence every animal in the ocean. The demand for fish is growing. Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat. But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to the oceans. “People are consuming (消费) too much，” says Lance Morgan, a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute. A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal's life. When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem, the ocean's food chain breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food. The news may be scary, but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn't happened yet. World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much. The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone, hoping to keep healthy without destroying(破坏)the environment. “If you care about wildlife, spend time and think about your own values and beliefs first，” says Morgan. “Then decide what you're going to eat.” 13．(　) How does the writer start the text? A．By giving a fact. B．By asking a question. C．By telling a story. D．By showing some numbers. 14．(　)What does the underlined word “demand” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Wish. B．Support. C．Need. D．Price. 15．(　)What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A．If sharks die out, tuna will die out soon. B．Tuna will be more popular in restaurants. C．Tuna play an important role in the ecosystem. D．Tuna disappeared because they found no food. 16．(　) What's the purpose of the text? A．To tell people to stop polluting the oceans. B．To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans. C．To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood. D．To tell people to care about the ocean's food chain. 第二节　阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Nature is like a kind mother to us. It gives us everything we need, like clean air, fresh water and delicious food. 17.________ We cut down too many trees to build houses and make paper. As a result, many animals lose their homes. 18.________ The water becomes so polluted that fish can't live in it. And cars and factories send out harmful gases, making the air dirty. We are making nature sick. These problems are bad for both nature and us. 19．________ Clean air and water are necessary for our health. If we keep polluting the environment, we will get sick easily. Besides, beautiful natural places, like mountains and forests, make our lives more interesting. They are great places for us to relax and have fun. So we must take action to protect nature. To make things better, we can do many small but useful things. First, we should save water. Turn off the tap when we brush our teeth. Second, plant more trees. They can make the air clean. Finally, use less plastic. 20.________ We can also use a cup instead of a plastic bottle. If we all do these things, we can live in harmony with nature and make the world a better place. A．It's very important to live in harmony (和谐) with nature. B．We can take our own bags when shopping. C．Also, factories pour dirty water into rivers and lakes. D．We should also save electricity at home. E．However, these years, we haven't treated nature very well. 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1；共10) The wolf plays a very important role in keeping the health of an ecosystem. In Yellowstone National Park in the United States, a famous __21__ helped to prove this. Wolves had been absent from the park for almost 70 years. During this time, the number of deer grew and grew. They ate so much grass that many plants and trees __22__. Without trees, birds could not find places to build their nests. The animals that depended on these plants for food also became fewer. In 1995, scientists decided to __23__ wolves back to the park. At first, people were worried that the wolves would be a great danger to the deer and even to people. However, the return of the wolves __24__ the ecosystem in many wonderful ways. First, the wolves hunted some of the deer, so the deer population was controlled. Then, with fewer deer, the trees and plants began to grow again. This allowed birds and other animals to __25__. Even the rivers changed! The growing tree roots made the river banks __26__， so the rivers became cleaner and straighter. The story of Yellowstone tells us that every __27__， even the one we sometimes fear, has its place in nature. The __28__ of just one kind of animal can affect the whole ecosystem. We should try our best to __29__ the balance of nature. Sometimes, __30__ nature take its course is the best choice. 21．(　)A.film B．experiment C．book D．movie 22．(　)A.grew B．appeared C．died D．disappeared 23．(　)A.bring B．take C．push D．carry 24．(　)A.protected B．polluted C．improved D．discovered 25．(　)A.disappear B．return C．hide D．move 26．(　)A.weaker B．softer C．stronger D．wider 27．(　)A.human B．plant C．animal D．bird 28．(　)A.food B．home C．number D．beauty 29．(　)A.test B．break C．keep D．find 30．(　)A.helping B．letting C．making D．asking 第二部分　非选择题(共40) 三、语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1；共10) Fish babies in space! In a space study on zebrafish, Chinese scientists have set a new record. They successfully made four zebrafish 31.________ (live) and grow in a closed water world. The zebrafish went to China's space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship on April 25. Since then, they 32.________ (be) living in a closed fish tank with some plants. The fish grew up and had their 33.________ (baby) in 43 days. So how did the special closed environment work? In fact, the plants 34.________ (make) air for the fish and the fish's waste (排泄物) gave the plants food. The scientists gave the fish food through 35.________ special needle (针管)． Such a closed­loop (封闭的) ecosystem is important for future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more 36.________ (simple)． The scientists also found that the zebrafish's behavior (行为) in space was different 37.________ that on Earth. They often swam on their backs. That's 38.________ the low gravity (重力) in space made it possible. On Earth, gravity pulls everything to Earth's center, and animals can find their way 39.________ (easy). Gravity also makes their bodies work harder and become 40.________ (strong), said The Conversation. Humans and zebrafish share 70% of the same genes (基因). So the new finding will help scientists better understand human health. 四、阅读与表达(共4小题，41～43小题，每小题2，44小题4；共10) Most people know lions are the largest cats and live in groups. Called the “king of the jungle，” the lion is stronger and more dangerous than most animals. It also runs faster than most jungle animals, allowing it to hunt effectively, which places it at the top of the land food chain. In the ocean, the shark leads the food chain. It swims faster than most other sea creatures and uses its sharp teeth to hunt them. Humans are at the top of the world's food chain. We are not the biggest or fastest, but the cleverest. We invented cars for speed and guns for hunting, which made us be able to hunt most effectively. However, every coin has two sides. These inventions are helpful but dangerous. For example, many years ago people in Inner Mongolia used guns to kill many wild wolves. These wolves fed on wild rabbits. With fewer wolves, the rabbit population grew rapidly. The rabbits then competed for grass with sheep and cows. They destroyed the vegetation, and as a result, much of the grassland turned into desert. We must remember we are part of the food chain, and our actions put us in danger, too. Protecting animals means protecting ourselves. Luckily, people are now paying attention. We must take further action to keep the balance of our ecosystem in the future. 41．Why is the lion considered the top of the land food chain? ____________________________________________________________ 42．How did humans use inventions to become the top of the food chain? ____________________________________________________________ 43．What is the main lesson about the ecosystem from this passage? __________________________________________________________ 44．What do you think about using guns to control animal populations? Write 30 words or more. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达(共20) 45．如今，人类的某些活动极大程度上破坏了生态平衡，破坏了人类赖以生存的场所。请你根据你校开展的 “保持生态平衡，从我做起” 的讨论活动，介绍生态被破坏的原因并给出保持生态平衡的建议，号召大家一起行动起来，让我们的生活充满绿色。 Reasons Suggestions Animals 人类为了美食、钱捕杀动物，如狮子、老虎、蛇等；破坏动物家园 1.严禁捕杀动物； 2.……？(请你补充一点) Trees 每年砍伐太多；经常有森林火灾(forest fire) 1.……？ 2.……？(请你补充两点) 注意：词数80～100。(文章开头已给出，不计入总词数) Nowadays, the ecological balance has been seriously damaged. Animals and trees are in great danger. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　 答案 一、1～4ACBB　5～8CABA　9～12ACDC 13～16ACCB　17～20ECAB 二、21～25BDACB　26～30CCCCB 三、31.live　32.have been　33.babies　34.made 35．a　36.simply　37.from　38.because 39．easily　40.stronger 四、41.Because of its strength, speed, and hunting ability. 42．By creating cars and guns. 43．We must protect animals and keep the ecological balance. 44．I think using guns is dangerous because it breaks the natural balance. As the wolf example shows, it can cause unexpected problems like overpopulation of other animals and environmental damage. 五、45.One possible version： Nowadays, the ecological balance has been seriously damaged. Animals and trees are in great danger. Now many people kill animals for food and a large number of animals are hunted for money, such as lions, tigers, and so on. I think people should not be allowed to hunt and kill animals. And it is a good idea to protect the homes of animals. What's more, many trees are cut down every year and forest fires often happen, which makes the number of trees get smaller. So I think it's time to do something about it. We should plant as many trees as possible. Besides, we should not use throwaway chopsticks and save paper. Let's work together to keep the balance between nature and humans. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $