Unit 12 Lesson 5 Grammar in Use （知识清单&检测）2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（新教材仁爱科普版）

该初中英语知识清单围绕“文学仙境”主题，系统梳理Lesson 5核心词汇、短语、句型及语法知识。从基础词汇（如couple、tiring等，含-ed/-ing形容词辨析）和短语（如fall asleep、depend on）入手，过渡到含宾语从句的重点句型，最终聚焦疑问词引导的宾语从句语法点，构建递进式学习支架。 知识链路以“词汇-句型-语法”为逻辑主线，通过对比表格（如-ed/-ing形容词区别）、例句解析（如宾语从句语序）和易错点提示（如asleep/sleepy辨析）强化理解。注重思维品质培养，引导学生分析语法规则，通过结构化梳理提升学习能力，助力语言能力的系统构建。

Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature Lesson 5 Grammar in Use 知识清单 单词 音标 中文释义 /ˈkʌpl/ n. 夫妻；一对 /ˈtaɪərɪŋ/ adj. 令人困倦的；累人的 /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着的 /ˈendɪŋ/ n. 结尾；结局 /bɔːd/ adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 /skeə(r)/ v. 使害怕；恐惧 /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔民；钓鱼爱好者 /ˈliːdɪŋ/ adj. 最重要的；主要的 /dɪˈpend/ v. 决定于；依靠 /ˈfʌni/ adj. 有趣的；滑稽的 /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ adj. 兴奋的；激动的 /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ adj. 令人兴奋的 /ˈɪntrəstɪd/ adj. 感兴趣的 /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ adj. 有趣的 /səˈpraɪzd/ adj. 惊讶的 /səˈpraɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊讶的 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 入睡；睡着 依靠；依赖；取决于 对…… 好奇 摆脱；离开 及时 拍摄电影 陷入麻烦 到…… 结束时 主角 学校剧院 对…… 感兴趣 读书报告 1.I'm wondering whether you'd like to watch it or not. 我想知道你是否愿意去看。 2.Do you know who plays the leading role and when it begins? 你知道谁演主角以及什么时候开始吗？ 3.It starts at 7:00 tomorrow. 明天七点开始。 4.Li Ming asked if I liked the fairy tale Cinderella. 李明问我是否喜欢童话《灰姑娘》。 5.It depends on whether the girl likes the drama or not. 这取决于那个女孩是否喜欢这部戏剧。 6.Would you tell me which character you like best in the book? 你能告诉我你最喜欢书中的哪个角色吗？ 7.I want to know what made you so excited. 我想知道是什么让你这么兴奋。 8.It is hard to know when they will shoot the film. 很难知道他们什么时候会拍摄这部电影。 9.Children are interested in what happens to him. 孩子们对他发生的事情感兴趣。 10.Readers always wonder why he will stop getting into trouble. 读者总是想知道他为什么会不再惹麻烦。 一、重难点词汇详解 1.depend 动词，核心搭配depend on sb./sth. 依靠某人 / 某物；depend on whether/if... 取决于是否……。词性拓展：dependent adj. 依赖的；independent adj. 独立的。 例：The result depends on how hard you work. 2.leading 形容词，表 “最重要的；主要的”，由动词 lead 加 - ing 构成。核心搭配：the leading role 主角；the leading character 主要人物。 3.asleep /sleepy/sleeping 辨析 asleep：表语形容词，只能作表语，不能作定语，意为 “睡着的” sleepy：可作表语和定语，意为 “困倦的；想睡的” sleeping：定语形容词，只能作定语，意为 “正在睡觉的” 例：He fell asleep soon. / I feel sleepy. /a sleeping baby 4.-ed 与 - ing 形容词辨析（本课时核心考点） -ed 形容词：修饰人，表 “人感到…… 的”，强调人的主观感受 -ing 形容词：修饰事物，表 “令人…… 的”，强调事物本身的性质 例：I am excited about the exciting news. 5.ending /end 辨析 ending：名词，特指故事、电影、戏剧的 “结局；结尾” end：名词，泛指任何事物的 “末尾；尽头” 例：the ending of the novel /the end of the road 二、重点句型结构解析 1.I'm wondering whether/if... 委婉表达 “我想知道是否……”，比直接用 I want to know 更礼貌。 例：I'm wondering if you can help me. 2.It depends on... 表 “这取决于……”，后可接名词、代词或宾语从句。 例：Whether we go or not depends on the weather. 3.be interested in + 宾语从句 介词 in 后可接由 what, how 等引导的宾语从句。 例：She is interested in how the story ends. 三、语法知识点全解析 1. 后缀 - ed 和 - ing 构成的形容词 构成规则：及物动词的过去分词和现在分词可转化为形容词 核心区别： -ed 形容词 -ing 形容词 修饰人，表 “感到……” 修饰物，表 “令人……” 强调主观感受 强调客观性质 例：bored, excited, surprised 例：boring, exciting, surprising 易错点：当修饰人的表情、眼神、声音时，用 - ed 形容词 例：a surprised look 惊讶的表情 2. 疑问词引导的宾语从句（本课时核心语法） 定义：当宾语从句由特殊疑问句转化而来时，用原来的疑问词（who, what, when, where, why, how, which, whose 等）引导 核心结构：主句 + 疑问词 + 宾语从句（陈述句语序） 语序规则：宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序，即主语在前，谓语在后 错误：Do you know where does he live? 正确：Do you know where he lives? 时态呼应规则： a.主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况使用任何时态 例：I know when he will come. b.主句为一般过去时，从句必须使用相应的过去时态 例：He asked what I was doing. 引导词辨析： who/whom：指人，who 作主语，whom 作宾语 what：指事物，作主语、宾语或表语 when：指时间，作状语 where：指地点，作状语 why：指原因，作状语 how：指方式，作状语 which：指一定范围内的 “哪一个” whose：指所属关系，“谁的” 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature Lesson 5 Grammar in Use 一、短语汉译英 1.入睡；睡着 2.依靠；依赖 3.对…… 感到好奇 4.从…… 出来；摆脱 5.及时 6.拍摄电影 7.陷入麻烦；遇到困难 8.到…… 结束时 二、根据句意或提示补全单词 1.The _________(end) of the story touched all the readers. 2.The old _________(夫妇) often go to the bookshop to buy classics. 3.I was _________(bore) with the long, uninteresting novel. 4.The _________(fisherman) in the story work hard at sea every day. 5.The little boy felt _________(scare) when he read the scary story. 6.He is the _________(lead) actor of this new play about Lao She. 三、按要求完成句子 ( )1. The book is very________ . I like it very much. A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. interests ( )2. Today Kitty is very ________ because she watched an ________ film on TV. A. excite; exciting B. excited; exciting C. excited; excite D. exciting; excited ( )3. The bus was so ________ that I could hardly breathe. A. crowd B. crowded C. crowding D. crowds ( )4. Too much work can make you feel ________. A. stress B. stressed C. stressing D. stresses ( )5. The peaceful environment of the garden made everyone there feel completely ______. A. relaxed B. relaxing C. relaxes D. to relax ( )6. Could you tell me ______ you went to the park yesterday? A. how B. what C. who D. where ( )7. All the students want to know ______ there will be an exam tomorrow. A. if B. this C. that D. / ( )8. I don’t know ________ or not he will agree. A. if B. whether C. that D. what ( )9. Could you please tell me ________ the book The Old Man and the Sea is about? A. what B. who C. where D. when 四、按要求完成句子 1. Is there a post office near here? (改为宾语从句) She asked a post office near there. 2. “What do you usually do at work?” The little boy asks his father.（合并为宾语从句） The little boy asks his father he usually at work. 3. How can we solve the problems? Can you tell me? (改为宾语从句) Can you tell me how solve the problems? 4. Did they have a pleasant and exciting journey? Do you know? (两句合并成一句) Do you know they a pleasant and exciting journey? 5. Does Betty enjoy her life in China? I don’t know. (合并为一句) I don’t know Betty her life in China. 五、短文填空 Reading is one of the most wonderful ways to enter the 1. _________ (wonder) world of literature. It can not only help us relax, but also teach us a lot 2. _________ life. I read many different kinds of literary works in my free time, 3. _________ as fables, fairy tales and classic novels. Among them, I like Journey to the West best. It is one of the four great classical Chinese 4. _________ (novel). The story is so 5. _________ (excite) that I read it three times last year. I am also deeply 6. _________ (touch) by the courage of the characters in the book. My favorite character is Sun Wukong. He is brave and always helps his friends when they get 7. _________ trouble. He never gives up, even 8. _________ he meets many difficulties on the journey. By the end of the story, he 9. _________ (grow) into a real hero from a naughty monkey. Besides novels, I also enjoy reading poems. Li Bai is one of the greatest 10. _________ (poem) in Chinese history. I am always 11. _________ (interest) in his poems about nature and friendship. 12. _________ wonderful his poems are! I always wonder 13. _________ I can do to write beautiful poems like him one day. Reading makes 14. _________(I) a better person. I will keep reading in the future. I believe I can learn more from 15. _________ colorful world of literature. 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature Lesson 5 Grammar in Use 知识清单 单词 音标 中文释义 couple /ˈkʌpl/ n. 夫妻；一对 tiring /ˈtaɪərɪŋ/ adj. 令人困倦的；累人的 asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着的 ending /ˈendɪŋ/ n. 结尾；结局 bored /bɔːd/ adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 scare /skeə(r)/ v. 使害怕；恐惧 fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔民；钓鱼爱好者 leading /ˈliːdɪŋ/ adj. 最重要的；主要的 depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 决定于；依靠 funny /ˈfʌni/ adj. 有趣的；滑稽的 excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ adj. 兴奋的；激动的 exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ adj. 令人兴奋的 interested /ˈɪntrəstɪd/ adj. 感兴趣的 interesting /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ adj. 有趣的 surprised /səˈpraɪzd/ adj. 惊讶的 surprising /səˈpraɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊讶的 短语 中文释义 短语 中文释义 fall asleep 入睡；睡着 depend on 依靠；依赖；取决于 be curious about 对…… 好奇 get out of 摆脱；离开 in time 及时 shoot the film 拍摄电影 get into trouble 陷入麻烦 by the end of 到…… 结束时 the leading role 主角 school theater 学校剧院 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣 book report 读书报告 1.I'm wondering whether you'd like to watch it or not. 我想知道你是否愿意去看。 2.Do you know who plays the leading role and when it begins? 你知道谁演主角以及什么时候开始吗？ 3.It starts at 7:00 tomorrow. 明天七点开始。 4.Li Ming asked if I liked the fairy tale Cinderella. 李明问我是否喜欢童话《灰姑娘》。 5.It depends on whether the girl likes the drama or not. 这取决于那个女孩是否喜欢这部戏剧。 6.Would you tell me which character you like best in the book? 你能告诉我你最喜欢书中的哪个角色吗？ 7.I want to know what made you so excited. 我想知道是什么让你这么兴奋。 8.It is hard to know when they will shoot the film. 很难知道他们什么时候会拍摄这部电影。 9.Children are interested in what happens to him. 孩子们对他发生的事情感兴趣。 10.Readers always wonder why he will stop getting into trouble. 读者总是想知道他为什么会不再惹麻烦。 一、重难点词汇详解 1.depend 动词，核心搭配depend on sb./sth. 依靠某人 / 某物；depend on whether/if... 取决于是否……。词性拓展：dependent adj. 依赖的；independent adj. 独立的。 例：The result depends on how hard you work. 2.leading 形容词，表 “最重要的；主要的”，由动词 lead 加 - ing 构成。核心搭配：the leading role 主角；the leading character 主要人物。 3.asleep /sleepy/sleeping 辨析 asleep：表语形容词，只能作表语，不能作定语，意为 “睡着的” sleepy：可作表语和定语，意为 “困倦的；想睡的” sleeping：定语形容词，只能作定语，意为 “正在睡觉的” 例：He fell asleep soon. / I feel sleepy. /a sleeping baby 4.-ed 与 - ing 形容词辨析（本课时核心考点） -ed 形容词：修饰人，表 “人感到…… 的”，强调人的主观感受 -ing 形容词：修饰事物，表 “令人…… 的”，强调事物本身的性质 例：I am excited about the exciting news. 5.ending /end 辨析 ending：名词，特指故事、电影、戏剧的 “结局；结尾” end：名词，泛指任何事物的 “末尾；尽头” 例：the ending of the novel /the end of the road 二、重点句型结构解析 1.I'm wondering whether/if... 委婉表达 “我想知道是否……”，比直接用 I want to know 更礼貌。 例：I'm wondering if you can help me. 2.It depends on... 表 “这取决于……”，后可接名词、代词或宾语从句。 例：Whether we go or not depends on the weather. 3.be interested in + 宾语从句 介词 in 后可接由 what, how 等引导的宾语从句。 例：She is interested in how the story ends. 三、语法知识点全解析 1. 后缀 - ed 和 - ing 构成的形容词 构成规则：及物动词的过去分词和现在分词可转化为形容词 核心区别： -ed 形容词 -ing 形容词 修饰人，表 “感到……” 修饰物，表 “令人……” 强调主观感受 强调客观性质 例：bored, excited, surprised 例：boring, exciting, surprising 易错点：当修饰人的表情、眼神、声音时，用 - ed 形容词 例：a surprised look 惊讶的表情 2. 疑问词引导的宾语从句（本课时核心语法） 定义：当宾语从句由特殊疑问句转化而来时，用原来的疑问词（who, what, when, where, why, how, which, whose 等）引导 核心结构：主句 + 疑问词 + 宾语从句（陈述句语序） 语序规则：宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序，即主语在前，谓语在后 错误：Do you know where does he live? 正确：Do you know where he lives? 时态呼应规则： a.主句为一般现在时，从句可根据实际情况使用任何时态 例：I know when he will come. b.主句为一般过去时，从句必须使用相应的过去时态 例：He asked what I was doing. 引导词辨析： who/whom：指人，who 作主语，whom 作宾语 what：指事物，作主语、宾语或表语 when：指时间，作状语 where：指地点，作状语 why：指原因，作状语 how：指方式，作状语 which：指一定范围内的 “哪一个” whose：指所属关系，“谁的” 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature Lesson 5 Grammar in Use 一、短语汉译英 1.fall asleep 2.depend on 3.be curious about 4.get out of 5.in time 6.shoot the film 7.get into trouble 8.by the end of 二、根据句意或提示补全单词 1.ending 2.couple 3.bored 4.fishermen 5.scared 6.leading 三、单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.A 四、按要求完成句子 1.if/whether there was 2.what; does 3.we can 4.if/whether; had 5.if/whether; enjoys 五、短文填空 1.wonderful 2.about 3.such 4.novels 5.exciting 6.touched 7.into 8.when 9.grows 10.poets 11.interested 12.How 13.what 14.me 15.the 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $