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专题07 句型转换
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01:答题技巧 02:小试牛刀
答题技巧
一、答题技巧
步骤 1:读题干,明确要求
圈画题目指令,分清转换类型(改否定 / 疑问 / 划线提问 / 单复数 / 换时态),同时圈出时间标志词,锁定句子主导时态(核心前提)。
过去标志:many years ago / yesterday / last... / then → 一般过去时
现在标志:every day / often / now → 一般现在时
将来标志:tomorrow / this holiday / be going to → 一般将来时
步骤 2:判断句子主干(找关键词)
区分句子结构,分为 4 大类核心句式,转换规则完全不同:
1 含 be 动词(am/is/are/was/were)
2 含情态动词(can/could/will)
3 含 have got/has got(固定句型)
4 含实义动词(work/live/go 等普通动词,无 be / 情态动词)
步骤 3:套用对应规则完成转换
结合句式类型、时态、人称,严格使用课本语法规则,不随意改动单词。
步骤 4:逐项检查(5 大核查点)
时态是否统一;2. 动词形式(原形 / 三单 / 过去式)是否正确;
some/any、and/or 转换(否定 / 疑问句必变);
人称、物主代词互换(I↔you,my↔your);
大小写、标点(问句末尾用问号);
句意是否通顺。
二、六大必考题型
题型 1:肯定句 → 否定句
1. 分类规则
① 句子含 be 动词(am/is/are/was/were)
规则:be 动词后直接加 not,缩写 isn't/aren't/wasn't/weren't
公式:主语 + be + not + 其他
例句:She was a teacher. → She wasn't a teacher.
避坑:第一人称 am 无缩写,只能写 am not。
② 句子含情态动词(can/could/will)
规则:情态动词后加 not,缩写 can't/couldn't/won't
公式:主语 + 情态 + not + 动词原形
例句:I can swim. → I can't swim.
③ 句子含 have got/has got
规则:have/has 后加 not,缩写 haven't/hasn't
公式:主语 + have/has + not + got + 其他
例句:He has got a bag. → He hasn't got a bag.
④ 句子含实义动词(无 be / 情态)
一般现在时(常态):主语三单 → 加 doesn't,动词变回原形;主语非三单 → 加 don't
例句:He goes to school. → He doesn't go to school.
一般过去时(过去):统一加 didn't,后面动词必须变回原形(本册最大易错点)
例句:They lived here. → They didn't live here.
2. 通用附加规则
肯定句中的 some → 否定句改为 any
肯定句中的 and → 否定句改为 or
例:I have some eggs. → I don't have any eggs.
She sang and danced. → She didn't sing or dance.
题型 2:陈述句 ↔ 一般疑问句(含回答)
1. 变疑问句规则
① 含 be 动词:be 动词提到句首,句末改问号,人称 / 代词互换(I→you, my→your)
例:They are happy. → Are they happy?
② 含情态动词:情态动词提到句首,后接动词原形
例:We can read. → Can you read?
③ 含 have got/has got:have/has 提到句首
例:I have got a book. → Have you got a book?
④ 含实义动词
一般现在时:三单主语用 Does+ 动词原形;非三单用 Do
一般过去时:统一用 Did,后面动词变回原形(核心考点)
例:He played football. → Did he play football?
2. 一般疑问句答语(遵循 “问啥答啥”)
用 be 提问 → 答语用 be;用 can/could 提问 → 答语用 can/could
用 Do/Does/Did 提问 → 答语用 do/does/did
例句:—Did you go there?
—Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
题型 3:对划线部分提问
解题核心:选疑问词 + 改为一般疑问句语序
1. 高频疑问词对照表(本册必背)
划线内容
疑问词
例句
人(主语 / 宾语)
Who
She is my mum. → Who is she?
事物 / 动作
What
I had rice. → What did you have?
地点
Where
They live here. → Where do they live?
时间(何时)
When
We went yesterday. → When did you go?
方式(交通 / 手段)
How
I walk to school. → How do you go to school?
数量(可数名词)
How many
I have two bags. → How many bags do you have?
年龄
How old
He is ten. → How old is he?
2. 解题步骤
1)确定划线部分,选择对应疑问词放句首;
2)剩余部分改成一般疑问句语序;
3)划线部分不再重复,some 改 any,人称合理转换。
题型 4:单数句 ↔ 复数句(单复数转换)
考查 There be、名词、代词、动词同步变化,一一对应转换
名词:单数→复数(house→houses, sandwich→sandwiches)
be 动词:is/am ↔ are;was ↔ were
指示代词:this ↔ these;that ↔ those
冠词:a/an 复数句中直接去掉
例句:This is a book. → These are books.
There was a car. → There were cars.
题型 5:时态改写(指定时态转换)
本册必考:现在↔过去、陈述改将来,规则:只变动词,其余单词不变
① 现在时改过去时:动词变过去式,添加 then/ago 等时间词
例:He works. → He worked then.
② 过去时改现在时:动词变回原形 / 三单,去掉过去标志词
③ 改为将来时:加 will / be going to,后接动词原形
例:I read books. → I will read books.
题型 6:同义句转换(固定搭配互换)
have got = have (拥有)
go to... by + 交通工具 = take + 交通工具 to...(出行)
It's time to do = It's time for + 名词(到做某事的时间了)
too big = not small (形容词反向同义)
小试牛刀
一、按要求完成句子。
1. We can get information from books.(改为同义句)
________________________________________________________
2. Many books are on the desk.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
3. She puts books on the shelf.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
4. There was a library here.(改为一般疑问句,否定回答)
________________________________________________________
5. They had lunch at twelve o'clock.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
二、按要求完成句子。
1. She sang English songs. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ she _______ English songs?
2. Last year I went to Chengdu. (对画线部分提问)
________ did _______ _______ to Chengdu?
3. I went to Hainan in July.(对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ you_______ in July?
4. Xi'an is in the west of China. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ Xi'an?
5. I went there last year. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______there last year?
三、按要求完成句子。
1. I'll go swimming tomorrow. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ _______ _______ tomorrow?
2. The woman wore men's clothes. (改为复数句)
_______ _______ wore _______ clothes.
3. I'm ready for the trip. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ _______ready _______ the trip?
4. This letter is from the US. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ this letter _______ ?
5. He told us lots of interesting stories. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ he tell_______ ?
四、按要求完成句子。
1. I visited Disneyland last summer. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ _______ _______ last summer?
2. Mary will get up at half past seven. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ _______ _______ get up?
3. Amy likes English food.(改为一般疑问句)
________ Amy _______ English food?
4. Tom had rice and vegetables for lunch. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ _______ _______for lunch?
5. Sam ate three eggs at school today. (对画线部分提问)
_______ _______ three eggs at school today?
五、按要求完成句子。
1. They lived in a small house many years ago.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
2. They are going by plane.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________________
3. I'm going to Beijing.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
4. It is a big city.(改为复数句)
________________________________________________________
5. I am going to visit Shanghai.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
6. We visit parks.(改为 be going to 将来时)
________________________________________________________
7. I will go there.(改为同义句,用 be going to)
________________________________________________________
8. We are going to take photos.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
9. She is going to swim.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
10. He goes to a city.(改为一般将来时)
________________________________________________________
六、按要求完成句子。
1. They are going to play.(改为一般疑问句,否定回答)
________________________________________________________
2. There were some cars in the street.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3. This was a small field.(改为复数句)
________________________________________________________
4. I live in a village.(改为一般过去时,时间词:ten years ago)
________________________________________________________
5. She has a new TV.(改为同义句)
________________________________________________________
6. I went to the park last year.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
7. They can play basketball well.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________________
8. My family lived here many years ago.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
9. He goes to work at seven o'clock.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
10. She saw many birds.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
七、按要求完成句子。
1. We played games.(改为一般疑问句,肯定回答)
________________________________________________________
2. People worked in the fields.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________________
3. There is a tall building.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
4. He is a worker.(改为复数句)
________________________________________________________
5. They go home at six.(改为一般过去时)
________________________________________________________
6. He walks to work.(改为同义句)
________________________________________________________
7. My grandma was a teacher.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
8. My father goes to work at seven.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
9. She gets up early every day.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________________
10.My mother comes home late.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
八、按要求完成句子。
1. We have breakfast at 6:30.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
2. She works in a factory.(改为一般将来时)
________________________________________________________
3. I get up at six.(改为三单形式,主语 he)
________________________________________________________
4. She learnt English ten years ago.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________________
5. The box is light.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
6. This bag is broken.(改为复数句)
________________________________________________________
7. We laughed a lot.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
8. Mum bought a T-shirt for me.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________________
9. We saw a funny show.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
10. I bought a gift.(改为复数句)
________________________________________________________
九、按要求完成句子。
1. We had a good time.(改为同义句)
________________________________________________________
2. He went to the party.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
3. This bag is not small.(改为同义句)
________________________________________________________
4. I will help you.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
5. She made a kite yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________________
6. I will make a card.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
7.The red bag is my favourite.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8. I have got a new coat.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
9. My grandpa could read and write.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
10. She reads books every day.(改为一般过去时)
________________________________________________________
十、按要求完成句子。
1. My grandma taught me Chinese.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
2. We can find books in the library.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________________
3. There are many CDs on the shelf.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________________
4. We can read books in the library.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
5. There is a dictionary.(改为复数句)
________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:We can find information from books.
解析:考查同义短语转换,get information 与 find information 均表示 “获取信息”,句意不变。
2.答案:What is on the desk?
解析:划线部分为物品,用疑问词What提问;疑问词作句子主语,谓语动词统一使用单数形式is。
3.答案:She doesn't put books on the shelf.
解析:一般现在时,主语she是第三人称单数,变否定句借助助动词doesn't,后面实义动词puts还原为原形put。
4.答案:—Was there a library here? —No, there wasn't.
解析:There be 句型一般过去时,变疑问句将was提至句首;否定回答遵循 “用什么提问,用什么回答” 原则。
5.答案:When did they have lunch?
解析:划线部分为时间,用When提问;一般过去时借助助动词did,动词had还原为原形have。
二、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:Did she sing English songs?
解析:一般过去时,变疑问句加助动词Did,动词过去式sang必须还原为原形sing。
2.答案:When did you go to Chengdu?
解析:划线为地点,用When提问;过去时用did,went还原为go;陈述句主语I改为疑问句you。
3.答案:When did you go to Hainan?
解析:划线为时间,选用疑问词When;一般过去时句式,went还原为动词原形go,人称同步转换。
4.答案:Where is Xi'an?
解析:划线是地理位置,用Where提问,be 动词is紧随疑问词,句式结构不变。
5.答案:When did you go there?
解析:划线部分为时间,用When;一般过去时助动词did,went还原为go,I改为you。
三、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:What will you do tomorrow?
解析:划线为动作,用What提问;will引导一般将来时,位置不变,主语I改为you。
2.答案:The women wore men's clothes.
解析:单复数转换,单数woman变为不规则复数women;动词wore为过去式,不受单复数影响。
3.答案:Are you ready for the trip?
解析:含 be 动词的句子变疑问,am提前,主语I对应改为you,be 动词更换为Are。
4.答案:Where is this letter from?
解析:划线为地点,用Where提问;固定搭配be from(来自)整体保留。
5.答案:What did he tell you?
解析:划线为事物,用What;一般过去时did后,told还原为tell,宾语us改为you。
四、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:What did you do last summer?
解析:划线为动作,用What提问;一般过去时借助did,动词还原,I改为you。
2.答案:When will Mary get up?
解析:划线为时间,用When;will引导将来时,其后接动词原形,句式不变。
3.答案:Does Amy like English food?
解析:一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,疑问句加Does,likes还原为like。
4.答案:What did Tom have for lunch?
解析:划线为食物,用What;had是have的过去式,did后还原为原形have。
5.答案:What did Sam eat at school?
解析:划线为物品,用What;一般过去时,ate还原为原形eat。
五、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:They didn't live in a small house many years ago.
解析:一般过去时变否定,加didn't,动词lived还原为原形live。
2.答案:Are they going by plane?
解析:be going结构变疑问句,直接将 be 动词are提到句首。
3.答案:Where are you going?
解析:划线为地点,用Where;I'm改为are you,省略重复的地点名词。
4.答案:They are big cities.
解析:整体单复数转换:It→They,is→are;city以 “辅音 + y” 结尾,变复数为cities。
5.答案:I am not going to visit Shanghai.
解析:be going to结构变否定,在 be 动词后加not,am无缩写形式。
6.答案:We are going to visit parks.
解析:一般现在时改为be going to将来时,主语We搭配are,后接动词原形。
7.答案:I am going to go there.
解析:将来时同义转换,will + 动词原形 = be going to + 动词原形。
8.答案:What are you going to do?
解析:划线为动作,用What提问,主语We改为you。
9.答案:She isn't going to swim.
解析:is后加not,缩写为isn't,将来时结构保持不变。
10.答案:He will go to a city. / He is going to a city.
解析:两种一般将来时结构均可,动词使用原形。
六、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:—Are they going to play? —No, they aren't.
解析:be 动词提前构成疑问句,答语和问句保持一致。
2.答案:—Were there any cars in the street? —No, there weren't.
解析:There be 句型过去式,were提前;疑问句中some改为any。
3.答案:These were small fields.
解析:单复数同步转换:This→These,was→were,field→fields。
4.答案:I lived in a village ten years ago.
解析:ten years ago为过去时间标志,动词live变为过去式lived。
5.答案:She has got a new TV.
解析:同义转换,have 和 have got 都表示 “拥有”。
6.答案:I didn't go to the park last year.
解析:一般过去时否定句,went还原为原形go。
7.答案:Can they play basketball well?
解析:情态动词can提至句首,其后始终接动词原形。
8.答案:When did your family live here?
解析:划线为时间,用When;did后lived还原为live,my改为your。
9.答案:When does he go to work?
解析:主语为三单,疑问句加does,goes还原为go。
10.答案:She didn't see many birds.
解析:一般过去时否定,saw还原为原形see。
七、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:—Did you play games? —Yes, we did.
解析:过去时疑问句用did,答语与问句形式统一。
2.答案:Did people work in the fields?
解析:一般过去时,did后worked还原为work。
3.答案:There isn't a tall building.
解析:There be 句型变否定,is后加not,缩写isn't。
4.答案:They are workers.
解析:单复数转换:He→They,is→are,worker→workers。
5.答案:They went home at six.
解析:go的不规则过去式为went。
6.答案:He goes to work on foot.
解析:出行短语同义转换,walk to + 地点 = go to + 地点 on foot。
7.答案:My grandma wasn't a teacher.
解析:was后加not,缩写wasn't。
8.答案:My father doesn't go to work at seven.
解析:三单主语变否定,用doesn't,goes还原为go。
9.答案:Does she get up early every day?
解析:三单主语疑问句,Does提前,gets还原为get。
10.答案:Who comes home late?
解析:划线为主语(人),用Who提问,谓语动词仍用三单形式。
八、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:We don't have breakfast at 6:30.
解析:主语非第三人称单数,一般现在时否定用don't。
2.答案:She will work in a factory. / She is going to work in a factory.
解析:改为一般将来时,两种结构任选,动词用原形。
3.答案:He gets up at six.
解析:主语更换为三单he,get变为三单形式gets。
4.答案:Did she learn English ten years ago?
解析:过去式learnt在did后还原为原形learn。
5.答案:How is the box?
解析:划线为描述事物特征的形容词,用How提问。
6.答案:These bags are broken.
解析:单复数转换:This→These,bag→bags,is→are。
7.答案:We didn't laugh a lot.
解析:过去时否定,laughed还原为原形laugh。
8.答案:Did Mum buy a T-shirt for you?
解析:bought还原为buy,人称me改为you。
9.答案:What did you see?
解析:划线为事物,用What,saw还原为see。
10.答案:We bought gifts.
解析:主语和名词变复数,bought为过去式,形式不变。
九、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:We enjoyed ourselves.
解析:固定短语同义转换,have a good time = enjoy oneself(玩得开心)。
2.答案:He didn't go to the party.
解析:过去时否定,went还原为go。
3.答案:This bag is big.
解析:反向同义转换,not small 等同于 big。
4.答案:I won't help you.
解析:will后加not,缩写won't。
5.答案:Did she make a kite yesterday?
解析:made是过去式,did后还原为make。
6.答案:What will you do?
解析:划线为动作,用What提问,I改为you。
7.答案:Which bag is your favourite?
解析:划线为指定物品,用Which(哪一个)提问。
8.答案:I haven't got a new coat.
解析:have got变否定,have后加not,缩写haven't。
9.答案:What could your grandpa do?
解析:划线为动作,could是情态动词,语序不变。
10.答案:She read books every day.
解析:一般现在时改为一般过去式,read过去式拼写不变。
十、按要求完成句子。
1.答案:Who taught you Chinese?
解析:划线为主语(人),用Who提问,过去式动词形式不变,me改you。
2.答案:We can't find books in the library.
解析:情态动词can后加not,缩写can't。
3.答案:Are there many CDs on the shelf?
解析:There be 句型,are提至句首。
4.答案:Where can you read books?
解析:划线为地点,用Where,情态动词语序不变。
5.答案:There are dictionaries.
解析:dictionary以 “辅音 + y” 结尾,复数形式为dictionaries。
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