考前押题10 阅读理解常考话题15篇（福建专用）（期末复习专项训练）八年级英语下学期新教材仁爱科普版

**基本信息** 聚焦福建中考阅读理解常考话题，15篇文章覆盖6大主题，题型全面，注重语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |高效学习等6大话题|每单元2-3篇|含词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意等|话题贴近生活与文化，题型覆盖阅读核心能力，通过真实语篇提升思维品质与学习能力|

考前押题10 阅读理解常考话题15篇（福建专用） Passage1 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C Passage2 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.D Passage3 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.D Passage4 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A Passage5 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.D Passage6 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C Passage7 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.D Passage8 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.A Passage9 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.D Passage10 1.B 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B Passage11 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B Passage12 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A Passage13 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.C Passage14 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D Passage15 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.C 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题10 阅读理解常考话题15篇（福建专用） 单元 单元话题 Unit 7 Be a Better Learner! 高效学习与学习方法 Unit 8 Every Coin Counts! 理财消费、节约与钱币文化 Unit 9 Forces of Nature 自然灾害与自然力量、防灾自救 Unit 10 World in the Cloud 互联网与数字网络生活 Unit 11 Fantastic Chinese Culture 中华传统文化之美 Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature 书籍与文学阅读 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 本资料共15篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应2-3篇单元话题专题训练 Passage 1 ①Some people say that the UK and the US are two countries that are separated (分割) by a common language. It means although both Americans and the British speak English, there are many differences in the way they use the language. Having studied in both countries, I have found the differences are more than differences such as pronunciations and spellings. A big difference is communication styles (风格). ②I spent one term in the UK, and the biggest challenge for me was that people don’t always say things directly. The British are famous for being polite. So polite, in fact, that they sometimes say the contrary of what they really mean. For example, when the British say “I almost agree", don’t think they have similar opinions to you. Actually, they mean “I don’t agree at all”. Before I could fully understand how the British communicate, I went home. ③Later, I went to study in the US for one year. I found that Americans like to be straight with others. When I spoke to them, I often had trouble getting straight to the point. For example, when I wanted to ask for help, I liked to say, “Excuse me, I’m terribly sorry to bother you, but I seem to be lost. Would you be so kind to lend me a hand in finding my way to the nearest station?” But Americans would find it strange. They would just say, “Hey, sorry to bother you. I’m really lost and need to find the nearest station. Can you help me?” I realized I had to learn a whole new way of communicating. ④Now, I have a better understanding of how to communicate in both countries, but I still have a lot to learn. As my experiences show, learning the pronunciation and spelling of words in a language is just the beginning! 1．What does the underlined word “contrary” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Opposite. B．Similarity. C．Meaning. D．Same. 2．How does the writer develop paragraph 2? A．By explaining the facts. B．By using numbers. C．By giving an example. D．By comparing two facts. 3．What do we know about the writer from the last paragraph? A．She has found a new way to learn English. B．She has a long way to go to learn English. C．She wants to start learning English again. D．She plans to study in the US for longer. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (①=paragraph 1; ②paragraph 2 ...) A．①②/③④ B．①/②③/④ C．①②/③/④ D．①/②/③④ 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Communicating like the British B．Ways of Making Communication Interesting C．The UK and the US: the Common Language, Different Styles D．The UK and the US: Different Countries, Common Cultures 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过自己在英国和美国的学习经历，对比了两国虽然都说英语，但在沟通风格上存在显著差异：英国人委婉含蓄，美国人直接坦率。 1．文章第二段指出英国人有时会说“the contrary of what they really mean”，并举例“I almost agree”实际意思是“I don’t agree at all”，因此contrary意为“相反的”，与opposite同义。 2．文章第二段在说明英国人不直接表达后，给出了具体例子“For example, when the British say ‘I almost agree’...”，因此是通过举例来展开段落。 3．文章最后一段指出“I still have a lot to learn”以及“learning the pronunciation and spelling... is just the beginning”，说明作者在英语学习上还有很长的路要走。 4．第一段（①）总起，指出英美英语差异主要在沟通风格；第二段和第三段（②③）分别具体描述英国和美国的沟通风格；第四段（④）总结自己的感悟。因此结构为①/②③/④。 5．文章围绕英美两国虽共用英语但沟通风格不同这一主题展开，C项准确概括。 Passage 2 Long ago in China, there lived a very wise man named Confucius. He was born more than 2,500 years ago. People remember him not as a king or a general, but as a great teacher and thinker. His ideas have influenced China and many other parts of the world for a very long time. Confucius believed that learning and being a good person were the most important things in life. He said everyone should try to be better. One of his most famous ideas is “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.” This means we should be kind and fair to other people, just as we want them to be kind and fair to us. He had many students. He did not just teach them facts from books. He taught them how to live a good life, how to be honest, and how to respect their parents and teachers. He said that a good leader should be a good person first, and then people would follow him willingly. His way of teaching was special. He asked questions and let his students think and find the answers themselves. This method encouraged deep thinking. Confucius’s students later wrote down his teachings in a book called The Analects (Lunyu). This book is like a collection of his words and conversations with his students. For many centuries, it was the most important book for students in China. His thoughts about family, society, and government helped to shape Chinese culture and values. Today, people all over the world still study his ideas. They are not just old words; they are about how to live wisely and peacefully with others. Confucius’s legacy is not in buildings or money, but in these valuable ideas that continue to teach us. 1．What was Confucius mainly known as? A．A great teacher and thinker. B．A famous general. C．A great king. D．A rich businessman. 2．What is one of Confucius’s most famous ideas mentioned in the passage? A．Life is short, so enjoy it. B．Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself. C．Knowledge comes only from books. D．The strong should rule the weak. 3．How did Confucius teach his students according to the passage? A．He only made them read one book. B．He asked questions and let them think to find answers. C．He gave very long lectures and students just listened. D．He only taught them how to get high scores in tests. 4．The underlined word “legacy” in the last paragraph most probably means ________. A．the money a person leaves when they die B．the buildings a person built C．some important ideas or thoughts D．the family of a person 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Confucius was a poor man who lived a hard life. B．Confucius’s book The Analects is very difficult to read. C．Confucius’s ideas are only popular in China now. D．Confucius was an important teacher. His ideas about life and learning are still important today. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家孔子的生平及其教育理念，从孔子的身份地位、核心思想、教学方法以及其对后世深远的文化影响力等方面展开了详细叙述。 1． 第一段明确指出“People remember him not as a king or a general, but as a great teacher and thinker.”，这直接说明孔子主要是作为伟大的教师和思想家被世人所熟知的。 2．第二段明确指出“One of his most famous ideas is ‘Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.’”，他最伟大的思想之一是“己所不欲，勿施于人”。 3．第三段明确指出“He asked questions and let his students think and find the answers themselves.”，这说明他通过提问来引导学生自主思考并寻找答案。 4．最后一段明确指出“Confucius’s legacy is not in buildings or money, but in these valuable ideas that continue to teach us.”。作者将“legacy”与具体的建筑和金钱进行对比，并指出它存在于那些“继续教导我们的宝贵思想”之中，由此可以推断legacy指的是前人留给后世的重要精神财富。 5．文章从孔子的身份出发，详细阐述了其核心思想内容、教育方法及其著作的影响，最后强调其思想在今天依然具有重要价值，D项“孔子是一位重要的教育家，他关于生活与学习的理念至今仍具有重要意义。”高度概括了全文的中心思想。 Passage 3 “It is never too late and you are never too old to start something new!” says an Englishtown student Ellen Rema. Ellen began to learn English at the age of fifty, and in just a few years, she has made great progress! Ellen chose to study on Englishtown because no evening classes were offered in the German countryside where she lives. On Englishtown, she has conversation classes online and speaks with native (以英语为母语的) English-speaking teachers. “Englishtown is a wonderful place for study,” she says. Ellen began with the first level of Englishtown and quickly progressed. “I spent hours and hours studying,” she said. “Maybe I wanted too much in a short time. I finished all my courses after 2 years, but I still had grammar (语法) difficulties.” Instead of giving up, she chose to continue. After another two years on Englishtown, she’s still studying in the online classroom.“ Studying online is never boring, but you need practice, practice, practice!” Ellen says studying English isn’t all about hard work. It should also be fun. “I really like the online conversation classrooms,” she says. “I have learned so much about other cultures and traditions.” Ellen has been able to put her English to use by visiting England five times! “I'm very thankful to Englishtown because my life has improved because of it,” Ellen says. 1．What does “Englishtown” probably refer to (指代)? A．An online English learning platform. B．An international English town. C．An international English class. D．An English-speaking teacher. 2．What trouble did Ellen have while learning? A．Reading. B．Grammar. C．Writing. D．Listening. 3．According to Ellen’s experience, Ellen is a person who ________. A．never goes to school late B．can speak English well C．has never been to England D．never says “give up” 4．How long has Ellen learned English? A．For 2 years. B．For 4 years. C．For 6 years. D．For 15 years. 5．What's the main idea of this passage? A．Englishtown is a good place to visit. B．The courses are good on Englishtown. C．Studying English is not boring at all. D．A person is never too old to learn. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了线上英语学习平台Englishtown。 1．根据第二段“On Englishtown, she has conversation classes online... she's still studying in the online classroom.”可知，Ellen 在Englishtown上在线上课、在在线教室学习，因此Englishtown指的是一个在线英语学习平台。 2．根据第三段“I finished all my courses after 2 years, but I still had grammar difficulties.”可知，Ellen在学习过程中遇到的困难是语法。 3．根据第四段“Instead of giving up, she chose to continue.”可知，面对困难她没有放弃而是选择坚持，说明她是一个从不轻言放弃的人。 4．根据第三段“I finished all my courses after 2 years”和第四段“After another two years on Englishtown...”可知，她先学了2年，又学了2年，总共学习了4年。 5．文章首句引用Ellen的话“It is never too late and you are never too old to start something new!”，并结合全文讲述她50岁开始学英语并取得成功的故事，旨在传达“活到老，学到老”的理念。D项符合主旨。 Passage 4 A budget is a spending plan. It can help you spend money wisely. It can do this by cutting out wasteful spending. Of course, preparing a budget takes planning, and following a budget takes self-control. Your budget should meet your family’s needs and match the money your family earns. The first step in creating a budget is setting your goals. What does your family need and want? You must know this in order to work out the details of the budget. Keep goals realistic. Then decide which goals are the most important. The next step is finding out your family’s income (收入). Write down all the money you expect to receive during the planned budget period. Before you can plan wisely, you need to know how much money you have to spend! After you know how much money will be ready to use, it is time to find out expenses (支出). List all of your family expenses. If you are not satisfied with what you got for your money, look carefully at your spending. Studying your records will show where overspending has happened. It will also point out poor buying habits. It is also a good idea to prepare a small amount of money for emergencies. Every family has small emergencies: a broken machine or tool, or the need for medical care. By saving a little money for emergencies, you will feel safer. This money will help you when something unexpected happens. 1．What is the advantage of a budget according to the text? A．To help you save a lot of money. B．To help you set great goals. C．To help you know all your needs. D．To help you spend money in a smart way. 2．What is the first thing to do when making a budget? A．Setting goals. B．Listing expenses. C．Preparing for emergencies. D．Finding out the family’s savings. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Making a budget needs no effort. B．A good budget should be based on family income. C．All family goals should be realized at the same time. D．Studying spending records won’t help improve buying habits. 4．What should you do if you are unhappy with your spending? A．Discuss with your family. B．Take budgeting classes. C．Check your buying records. D．Make new saving plans. 5．Why does the writer advise people to prepare some money in the last paragraph? A．Things can happen unexpectedly. B．You may fail to follow your budget. C．People usually spend more than they plan to. D．Others may want to borrow some money from you. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕预算展开，介绍了预算的作用、制定预算的步骤。 1．根据第一段“It can help you spend money wisely.”可知，预算的优势在于帮助人们聪明地花钱。 2．根据第二段“The first step in creating a budget is setting your goals.”可知，制作预算首先要做的事是设定目标。 3．第一段提到“Your budget should meet your family’s needs and match the money your family earns.”，第三段提到“The next step is finding out your family’s income”，也强调要知道有多少钱可花，说明预算应基于家庭收入。 4．根据第五段“If you are not satisfied with what you got for your money, look carefully at your spending. Studying your records will show where overspending has happened.”可知，应该仔细查看支出并研究记录。 5．根据最后一段最后一句“This money will help you when something unexpected happens.”可知，预留资金是为了应对不可预见的事情。 Passage 5 Kids need to learn about real money in a digital age. With the development of technology, more and more people pay online using phones or bank cards in daily life. This convenient way of payment has changed our life, but it also brings a problem: many young kids have little chance to see or use real paper money and coins. Melanie Zhang works in Shanghai, China. Her daughter, 8, is in Grade 2 in a primary school (小学). When the girl does her math homework, she often meets many problems and asks Zhang for help. Today Zhang finds her daughter doesn’t know about paper money. The girl knows about “yuan”, but has no idea of “jiao” and “fen”. For her, money is just numbers on the phone. That’s all her idea about money. “Before doing today’s homework, she didn’t see any paper money. When she started to know something, I remember that we always pay online in daily life,” Zhang says. Zhang’s daughter doesn’t know much about real money, and she isn’t the only one. In a school in Wuhan, Hubei, the first-grade students don’t know what Renminbi is. They think they can cut paper money in half when they use it. This surprises their teacher. Money matters in our daily life, so the ability to use money is essential to children. Where does money come and go? How do we use money wisely in life? Every child should get to know these little by little when they are young. Learning about real money, like paper money and coins, is a good start. 1．What problem does online payment bring to young kids? A．They have no money to pay online. B．They can’t finish their math homework. C．They hardly see or use real paper money and coins. D．They often ask their parents for help with money. 2．What do we know about Melanie Zhang’s daughter? A．She knows nothing about “yuan” . B．She is in Grade 3 in a primary school. C．She often uses paper money in daily life. D．She thinks money is numbers on the phone. 3．What do the first-grade students in Wuhan think of paper money? A．It is made of gold. B．It is not useful at all. C．It is the same as digital money. D．It can be cut in half when used. 4．What does the underlined word “essential” mean? A．Important. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．The advantages of online payment. B．Different ways to use paper money and coins. C．The reasons why parents should give kids paper money. D．Kids need to learn about real money in a digital age. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了数字支付时代儿童缺乏对真实货币认知的现象，并强调孩子学习认识实物货币的重要性。 1．第一段末尾指出问题：“This convenient way of payment has changed our life, but it also brings a problem: many young kids have little chance to see or use real paper money and coins”，说明在线支付带来的问题是许多小孩子很少有机会看到或使用真实的纸币和硬币。 2．第三段第二句提到“For her, money is just numbers on the phone”，可知对于Melanie Zhang的女儿来说，钱只是手机上的数字。 3．第四段倒数第二句提到对钱的看法：“the first-grade students don’t know what Renminbi is. They think they can cut paper money in half when they use it”，说明武汉的一年级学生认为使用纸币时可以把它切成两半。 4．根据划线词的前后文“Money matters in our daily life…Every child should get to know these little by little”，可知金钱在日常生活中很重要，每个孩子都应该逐渐了解它，因此使用金钱的能力对孩子来说是“重要的”或“必不可少的”，可推知essential意为“必要的，重要的”，与Important意思相近。 5．第一段首句“Kids need to learn about real money in a digital age”直接点明了主题，全文均围绕该观点展开论述。 Passage 6 During the Spring Festival, many of you may get lucky money. According to a survey, 40% of Chinese kids get 1,000 to 3,000 yuan during the Spring Festival. In some cities in southeastern China, the number could reach over 10,000 yuan. How will you manage so much money? Let’s listen to some students. Hi! My name is Nick. I am 15 years old. I like playing games and sports. But I have trouble with money—I never have enough money. My parents give me pocket money every week. During the Spring Festival, I get lucky money from my relatives. I am “rich” sometimes. But most of the time, I use up the money and become “poor”. Hi! My name is Tina. I’m Nick’s younger cousin. I’m 14. I don’t want to spend money like Nick does. I’d like to save it. My parents say that banks can make my money grow. Then I can also help children in need. How exciting! If it is true, I’ll open a bank account (账户) and put my lucky money into it. Spending with a plan can help you save money. Saving money can help you make your life more meaningful. 1．How much lucky money do 40% of Chinese kids get during the Spring Festival according to the survey? A．100 to 300 yuan. B．4,000 yuan. C．1,000 to 3,000 yuan. D．10,000 yuan. 2．How often does Nick get pocket money from his parents? A．Every day. B．Every week. C．Every month. D．Every year. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about Nick? A．He is 14 years old. B．He is Tina’s elder cousin. C．He is good at saving money. D．He never gets lucky money. 4．What can we infer from (推断) Tina’s words? A．She will ask Nick to manage her lucky money. B．She thinks saving money is a meaningful thing. C．She doesn’t believe banks can make money grow. D．She wants to spend all her lucky money on games. 5．Where may you read the passage? A．Travel guide. B．Movie poster. C．School newspaper. D．Science magazine. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文围绕春节压岁钱的管理话题展开，通过两位学生Nick和Tina的不同消费观，介绍了孩子们对压岁钱的处理方式，引导读者树立合理的理财观念。 1．第一段指出“According to a survey, 40% of Chinese kids get 1,000 to 3,000 yuan during the Spring Festival.”，这直接说明40%的中国孩子春节会收到1000到3000元压岁钱。 2．Nick的自述中提到“My parents give me pocket money every week.”，这直接说明Nick每周从父母那里得到零花钱。 3．Tina的自述中提到“I’m Nick’s younger cousin.”，这说明Nick是Tina的表哥，年龄比Tina大。 4．Tina的话中提到“Saving money can help you make your life more meaningful.”，这说明她认为存钱是一件有意义的事。 5．本文围绕学生压岁钱管理展开，内容贴近校园生活，因此最可能出现在校报上。 Passage 7 What is a typhoon? A typhoon is a large, spinning (旋转的) storm, happening in the western Pacific Ocean. Typhoons get their energy from warm ocean water. The heat from the water makes the air rise, and the winds begin to spin. Over the warm sea, this spinning wind and storm grow stronger. Check the news for bad weather. When a typhoon comes close, read weather reports every six hours. Check if your house is strong enough for high winds. Fix weak (不牢固的) areas if needed. Fishermen: move boats to a safe place. Cover windows with strong boards or sticks. Prepare flashlights. Also, get candles (蜡烛) and matches. Store enough food and clean water. Choose food that does not need cooking. Prepare an emergency kit with medicine, knives, clothes and so on. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What gives a typhoon its energy? A．Warm ocean water.B．Heat from the sun.C．Wind from the land. D．Cold air over the ocean. 2．When a typhoon is near, how often should we check weather reports? A．Every 3 hours. B．Every 6 hours. C．Every 12 hours. D．Every 24 hours. 3．According to the text, which food should we store before a typhoon? A．Beef. B．Bread. C．Potatoes. D．Fresh fish. 4．Which of the following does the text NOT advise to put in an emergency kit? A．Knives. B．Clothes. C．Money. D．Medicine. 5．Where may we read the text? A．In a history book. B．In a diary. C．In a storybook. D．On a weather website. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】 本文主要介绍了什么是台风、台风的能量来源，以及台风来临前人们应该做哪些准备工作。 1．根据文章第一段“Typhoons get their energy from warm ocean water.”可知，台风的能量来自温暖的海水。 2．根据文章内容“When a typhoon comes close, read weather reports every six hours.”可知，当台风靠近时，应每六小时查看一次天气报告。 3．根据文章内容“Store enough food and clean water. Choose food that does not need cooking.”可知，应储存不需要烹饪的食物。Bread（面包）是即食食物，不需要烹饪；而牛肉、土豆、鲜鱼都需要烹饪。 4．根据文章最后一句“Prepare an emergency kit with medicine, knives, clothes and so on.”可知，急救包中包含药、刀、衣服等，并未提到money（钱）。 5．根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍台风的相关知识及台风前的防范措施，属于天气科普类文章，最有可能出现在天气网站上。 Passage 8 At about 6 p.m. on Saturday, a forest fire broke out in a village in Liangshan. The local government acted quickly and 689 people were sent to put out the fire. Fire groups were fighting the fire on Sunday when a sudden change of wind direction caused “a huge fireball”. 27 firefighters and 3 locals lost their lives. Most of the firefighters were in their twenties and two of them were younger than twenty. Then death touched people all over China. There is enough reason to see them as heroes. We should remember all the heroes and their spirit in fighting the fire. As the old saying goes: A nation is lost without its memories. Forest fires are common in spring. Many experts believe there are some reasons for forest fires. The first reason is weather change. Warmer and drier weather leads to dangerous fire conditions. Next, lightning is another reason. Dry grass and trees easily catch fire. Finally, hot winds add to the possibility of forest fires. However, 90% of forest fires are caused by humans, according to a report. Forest fires can burn at over 900℃ and reach heights of more than 50 meters. Forest fires can move at a speed of up to 23 kilometers an hour, burning everything——trees, homes, even people. Experts remind people to be careful during the holiday of Qingming, known as Tomb-Sweeping Day. Millions of people travel to their hometowns to remember the dead people in their family during the holiday, so the risks of fires in mountains are high. In order to keep the heart-broken lesson in mind, we should prevent fires from happening again. 1．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．All of the firefighters who lost their lives were in their twenties. B．689 people were sent to put out the fire. C．A sudden change of wind direction led to “a huge fireball”. D．The death of the heroes touched people around China. 2．All of the following can cause forest fires except ________ in the passage. A．weather change B．lightning and hot winds C．human behavior D．Tomb-Sweeping Day 3．What does the underlined sentence mean in this passage? A．We should remember the reasons for forest fires, including the conditions from nature and humans. B．We should remember the heroes and their spirit in fighting the fire C．We should remember the number of the heroes that lost their lives in fighting the fire. D．We should remember to be careful during the holiday of Qingming, known as Tomb-Sweeping Day. 4．What are the characteristics of forest fires from the passage? A．Forest fires can burn at more than 900℃ and reach heights of over 50 meters. B．Forest fires can move at a speed of up to 23 kilometers an hour. C．Forest fires can burn everything——trees, homes, even people. D．A, B and C． 5．You can probably find this passage ________. A．in a news report B．in a fairy book C．in a storybook D．in a novel 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文讲述凉山突发森林火灾，救援过程中多名消防员与当地群众不幸遇难，举国悲痛，他们都是值得铭记的英雄。文章接着分析春季森林火灾多发的自然与人为原因，介绍森林大火的巨大危害性，特别提醒清明祭祖期间山林防火风险极高，呼吁众人铭记惨痛教训，重视森林防火，杜绝火灾再次发生。 1．第一段“Most of the firefighters were in their twenties and two of them were younger than twenty.”说明并非所有牺牲的消防员都是二十多岁，因此A项表述不正确。 2．第二段“The first reason is weather change…Next, lightning is another reason…Finally, hot winds…90% of forest fires are caused by humans”说明天气变化、闪电、热风以及人类行为都是引起火灾的原因。清明节是火灾高发的时间段，但节日本身不是导致火灾的直接原因。 3．第二段划线句子“A nation is lost without its memories.”结合该句前文“We should remember all the heroes and their spirit in fighting the fire.”说明这句话强调的是我们要记住英雄和他们的精神。 4．第二段“Forest fires can burn at over 900℃ and reach heights of more than 50 meters. Forest fires can move at a speed of up to 23 kilometers an hour, burning everything-trees, homes, even people.”说明森林大火温度、高度、蔓延速度以及能烧毁一切事物。 5．文章内容涉及具体的火灾事件报道、伤亡数据、火灾原因分析及专家建议，语言客观真实，具有新闻报道的特征，可推断属于新闻报道体裁。 Passage 9 An avalanche is a large amount of snow, ice and rocks moving quickly down a mountain, especially on slopes (斜坡) of 30° to 45°. It can move at a speed of 96 km/h to 129 km/h. Different things can make avalanches happen suddenly. About 90% of avalanches happen because of human activities. Earthquakes and even animals’ movements can also make them happen. Avalanches happen all year round. Most of them are small, but in high mountains, such as the Himalayas, they can be very large and dangerous. When it happens, the fast-moving snow, ice and rocks can sweep away everything on the way. They cover people alive and the snow is so heavy that they can’t breathe. Some avalanches cover all the houses and villages along the way. Once an avalanche stops, the snow becomes too hard to move. That can make people under it die of the cold. What can we do to stay safe if we want to climb snow mountains? Never start climbing when the snow begins melting (融化), especially in spring. Avalanches may happen this season at any minute. Wait for at least 2 days to start climbing after a snowstorm. Keeping quiet in the mountains is also important. And always make sure you have the right tools and know how to use them before climbing snow mountains. Also, you’d better tell someone your plan before climbing, so they can help if needed. 1．Which picture shows an avalanche? A． B． C． D． 2．What is the main cause of most avalanches? A．Falling temperatures.B．Rising winds. C．Big earthquakes. D．People’s actions. 3．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．The cause of avalanches. B．The types of avalanches. C．The effect of avalanches. D．The speed of avalanches. 4．Which is the right way to keep safe? A．Keep quiet when climbing snow mountains. B．Start climbing after the snowstorm right away. C．Climb snow mountains in spring with useful tools. D．Buy expensive tools before climbing the mountains. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To describe mountain life. B．To explain the form of snow. C．To encourage mountain climbing. D．To warn about avalanche dangers. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了雪崩的成因、特点、危害以及人们在雪山活动时应注意的安全事项。 1．第一段雪崩的定义：“An avalanche is a large amount of snow, ice and rocks moving quickly down a mountain, especially on slopes (斜坡) of 30° to 45°”，说明雪崩是大量积雪、冰块和岩石沿着山体快速向下滑动，尤其常发生在30至45度的斜坡上。B项的图片显示雪和岩石从山上快速滑下的场景，符合雪崩的描述。 2．第二段指出：“About 90% of avalanches happen because of human activities.”，说明大多数雪崩的主要原因是人的行为。 3．第三段描述了雪崩发生时，快速移动的雪、冰和岩石会席卷沿途一切，掩埋人使其无法呼吸，甚至覆盖房屋和村庄，雪停后变硬导致被困者冻死。这些都是在说明雪崩带来的影响与危害。 4．最后一段指出：“Keeping quiet in the mountains is also important.”，说明攀登雪山时保持安静是正确做法。 5．根据全文内容，文章介绍了雪崩的相关知识、危害以及避险方法，意在提醒人们警惕雪崩危险。 Passage 10 With the help of technology, the way we communicate（交流） with others has greatly changed. How do you feel about it? Would you like to live in a world with or without mobile phones? I ordered some snacks on my phone the other afternoon. Once I got home from work that evening, I saw they were already at my door. So fast! Have you ever thought about how people in the past communicated and did things without mobile phones? Take the post for example. Before using phones, if you wanted to communicate with someone far away, you needed to send them a letter in the mail. When my mom was in a primary school, she did this with her “pen pal”. A pen pal is a name for a person you communicate with mainly through postal mail. My mom would write to her pen pal every few months, and then, after a little while, her pen pal would write back. Later, once email became a usual thing, sending letters in the post felt so slow to people. It became known as “snail mail”! What would you do if you were at an airport in the time before using mobile phones? My dad said that in the 1970s there were message boards（告示牌） at some airports. If you needed to leave the airport and wanted to leave a message for a friend who would be arriving later, you could write them a message and stick it on the message board. Then, your friend could go to check the board later and see what you wrote to them! 1．The way we communicate with others has changed a lot because of ________. A．letters B．technology C．pen pal D．school 2．How did the writer’s mom communicate with her pen pals? A．By talking on phones. B．By mailing letters. C．By visiting them every few months. D．By writing diaries. 3．Why does the writer use “snail mail” in Paragraph 4? A．To make fun of people still sending letters. B．To say that postal mail was famous. C．To say that email was a usual thing. D．To say that postal mail was very slow. 4．Where could people leave messages at some airports in the 1970s? A．On the message board. B．At the information desk. C．On the door of the exit. D．On the boarding gate of the plane. 5．The story is mainly about ________. A．how fast it is to buy things nowadays B．how people communicated with each other before C．how important communication is D．how people in the past made friends 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了以前人们的联系方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“With the help of technology, the way we communicate with others has greatly changed.”可知，在技术的帮助下，我们与他人交流的方式发生了巨大的变化。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“My mom would write to her pen pal every few months, and then, after a little while, her pen pal would write back.”可知，妈妈每隔几个月就会给她的笔友写信一次，过一阵子，她的笔友就会回信。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Later, once email became a usual thing, sending letters in the post felt so slow to people. It became known as “snail mail”!”可知，人们觉得在邮件中发送信件太慢了。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“My dad said that in the 1970s there were message boards at some airports.”可知，在20世纪70年代，一些机场有留言板。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“How do you feel about it? Would you like to live in a world with or without mobile phones?”可知，文章介绍了之前人们的联系方式。故选B。 Passage 11 When you walk through a park in Shenzhen, you might see something surprising in the sky — not a bird, not a plane, but a drone (无人机) delivering (运送) your friend’s takeaway coffee. Shenzhen, known as China’s “drone capital”, has turned this high-tech invention into an everyday helper. Drones are no longer just for taking cool videos. During the busy lunch hour, drones fly above the city to send meals to offices and homes. This saves time and reduces traffic jams. According to a report, drone delivery is 70% faster than traditional delivery in some areas. But the use of drones goes beyond food delivery. In Luohu District, drones help doctors send important medical supplies (医疗用品) to faraway clinics. When every second counts, a drone can fly over buildings to arrive in minutes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, drones were used to spray (喷洒) disinfectant, keeping workers safe. What makes Shenzhen the perfect home for drones? The city has a complete industry chain (产业链) — from designing chips to making final products. Companies like DJI are based here. With strong government support, Shenzhen is testing more drone uses, such as flying taxis and emergency rescue. Young people in Shenzhen are inspired by this technology. “I want to become an engineer and create flying vehicles that can help more people,” says Li Ming, a 14-year-old student. Shenzhen’s drones show how technology can make life easier and safer. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce different kinds of drones. B．To draw readers’ attention to drones in Shenzhen. C．To explain how drones deliver coffee. D．To compare drones with birds and planes. 2．Why is drone delivery faster than traditional delivery in some areas of Shenzhen? A．Because drones carry lighter meals. B．Because drones avoid heavy traffic on roads. C．Because drones are controlled by AI. D．Because drones have bigger batteries. 3．What does the underlined word “goes beyond” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．flies over B．stays inside C．does more than D．falls short of 4．According to the passage, what makes Shenzhen a perfect home for drones? A．The large number of parks and open spaces. B．The complete industry chain and government support. C．The low cost of making drone chips. D．The high demand for takeaway coffee. 5．What can we infer from Li Ming’s words in the last paragraph? A．He thinks building drones is boring. B．He hopes to use drone technology to help others in the future. C．He has already made a flying vehicle. D．He only cares about the fun part of drones. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了深圳作为“无人机之都”，无人机在外卖配送、医疗物资运输、防疫消杀等多领域广泛应用，分析了深圳发展无人机产业的优势，还提及当地青少年受无人机科技启发立志用科技助人，展现了科技给生活带来的便利与安全。 1．第一段描述了在深圳公园上空能见到无人机派送外卖咖啡，并点明深圳是中国 “无人机之都”，引出无人机走入日常生活，目的是吸引读者关注深圳的无人机。 2．第二段指出：“This saves time and reduces traffic jams.”，说明无人机在空中飞行，避开了路面交通拥堵，因此配送速度更快。 3．第三段先介绍无人机外卖配送，又介绍其运送医疗物资、喷洒消毒液等用途，说明无人机的用途不局限于送餐，goes beyond意为“超出、不仅仅”，对应does more than。 4．第四段指出：“The city has a complete industry chain… With strong government support…”，明确完整的产业链和政府大力支持，是深圳成为无人机理想发展之地的原因。 5．最后一段指出：“I want to become an engineer and create flying vehicles that can help more people…”，可知李明希望未来利用无人机技术研发飞行器、帮助他人。 Passage 12 Could you imagine a future where you can think about a message to send to a friend, and your phone sends it for you? Or where paralyzed people can easily learn to walk again? Or if you wanted to make art, you could just think of it in your mind and send it to your phone? This future may be coming soon! In the past month, a big news story came out. A man who has been paralysed can now walk again, because of brain chips(芯片). These chips are built in the users’ brains and use Bluetooth technology to let them control digital devices, like smartphones and computers, simply by thinking. It might sound like telekinesis (心灵遥感), but this once science-fiction idea is now becoming reality and it could soon be available to more people. This technology could have amazing influences on people with different disabilities, but there are some worries. Many people are worried that there will be long-term effects of the brain chips, which could harm a person’s health. Many of these companies first try using the brain chips on monkeys, which some people say is very cruel. Then there is a big worry about mental (思想的) privacy. People fear that if brain chips can read brain signals, companies or governments might one day be able to look into our inner thoughts. Could this technology be misused, changing from improving ability to controlling minds? Finally, the problem of fairness (公平) has appeared. If this technology moves from medical treatment to ability improvement, will it create an unfair advantage for those who can afford it? Will people with brain chips have better chances in education and employment than those without? That is why, more than ever before, we will need lawmakers to design boundaries that make sure a fair chance for us all. Some think there are lots of advantages, and brain chips will help many people. For others, the technology is too risky and harmful. We will have to wait and see. 1．What happened to the paralyzed man? A．He could send messages to friends. B．He could walk again with brain chips. C．He learned to make art with his mind. D．He got a better job after treatment. 2．What can we infer from the sentence it could soon be available to more people? A．The technology is already widely used. B．Only rich people can afford the technology. C．The technology is too dangerous to be used. D．The technology may become more common. 3．How is the passage mainly organized? A．By telling a moving story about a disabled man. B．By introducing and discussing the new technology. C．By asking questions and answering them one by one. D．By describing the development of brain chips step by step. 4．What can we learn from people’s worries about this technology? A．All people agree that brain chips are safe for human health. B．Brain chips have no influence on people’s privacy at all. C．People are worried that brain chips may be used in bad ways. D．Brain chips will surely help rich people get a better education. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Brain Chips: Hope or Risk? B．How Monkeys Help Science C．Brain Chips: A New Way to Walk D．The Future of Mind-Reading Phones 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，脑芯片技术正在从科幻走向现实，它有望帮助瘫痪者恢复行走、通过意念控制设备，但也引发了人们对健康风险、思想隐私和社会公平的担忧，未来需要立法保障公平机会。 1．根据文章“A man who has been paralysed can now walk again, because of brain chips”可知，这位瘫痪男子因为植入脑芯片现在可以再次行走了。 2．句子“it could soon be available to more people"意为“它很快可供更多人使用”。既然可供更多人使用，说明该技术的普及度会提高，变得更加常见（common）。 3．文章前三段引入并介绍了脑芯片技术及其现状，中间三段（4-6 段）详细讨论了该技术带来的担忧和问题，最后一段总结。整体结构是通过介绍并讨论这项新技术展开的。 4．根据文章第四、五、六段提到的内容，人们担心长期健康影响、隐私泄露以及技术被滥用（misused）导致控制思想或造成不公。这说明人们担心脑芯片可能被用于不好的方面。 5．文章既提到了脑芯片带来的希望（如帮助残疾人恢复能力），也花了大量篇幅阐述其潜在的风险（健康、隐私、公平等），最后一段指出人们对该技术看法不一。因此“Brain Chips: Hope or Risk?”（脑芯片：希望还是风险？）最能全面概括文章主题。 Passage 13 Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is one of the most famous landscape paintings in China. It was created by Huang Gongwang, one of the Four Masters of the Yuan Dynasty. Huang started to paint it when he was 79 years old and finished it at the age of 81. The painting is 6.36 meters long and 33 centimeters wide. It shows the beautiful scenery of the Fuchun Mountains in Zhejiang Province. The mountains, rivers, trees and clouds in the painting are drawn with simple ink lines, but they look very real. The painting is full of peace and harmony, making people feel at one with nature. Unfortunately, the original painting was broken into two parts in the 17th century. One part is called The Remaining Mountain and is kept in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum. The other part is called the Master Wuyong Scroll and is kept in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. For hundreds of years, people hoped that the two parts could be shown together. In 2011, their dream came true. The two parts were put on display in Taipei. Thousands of visitors came to see the painting. It was a great event in the art world. Today, Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is not only a masterpiece of Chinese painting, but also a symbol of Chinese cultural heritage. It shows the beauty of Chinese landscape painting and the wisdom of ancient artists. We should protect this priceless artwork and pass down its spirit to future generations. 1．Who created Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains? A．A Song Dynasty artist. B．Huang Gongwang. C．A modern painter. D．One of the Four Masters of the Ming Dynasty. 2．How long did it take Huang Gongwang to finish the painting? A．One year. B．Two years. C．Three years. D．Four years. 3．What does the painting show? A．The scenery of the Fuchun Mountains. B．The life of ancient people. C．The stories of famous artists. D．The history of the Yuan Dynasty. 4．Where is The Remaining Mountain kept? A．In the National Palace Museum in Taipei. B．In the Beijing Palace Museum. C．In the Zhejiang Provincial Museum. D．In a foreign museum. 5．When were the two parts of the painting shown together for the first time in recent years? A．In 1700. B．In 1911. C．In 2011. D．In 2021. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国元代著名画作《富春山居图》的作者、创作历程、画面内容、历史遭遇以及两部分合展的情况。 1．根据第一段第二句“It was created by Huang Gongwang, one of the Four Masters of the Yuan Dynasty.”可知，这幅画的创作者是黄公望。 2．根据第一段最后一句“Huang started to paint it when he was 79 years old and finished it at the age of 81.”可知，创作耗时为81减去79，即两年。 3．根据第二段第二句“It shows the beautiful scenery of the Fuchun Mountains in Zhejiang Province.”可知，这幅画展示的是富春山的景色。 4．根据第三段第二句“One part is called The Remaining Mountain and is kept in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum.”可知，《剩山图》保存在浙江省博物馆。 5．根据第四段第二句“In 2011, their dream came true. The two parts were put on display in Taipei.”可知，两部分最近在2011年首次一起展出。 Passage 14 Among the most famous traditional Chinese paintings, there’s a very long painting of horses called One Hundred Horses. To many people’s surprise, it was painted not by a Chinese artist but by an Italian named Giuseppe Castiglione. Castiglione is better known in China by his Chinese name, Lang Shining. He was born in 1688 in Milan, Italy. In 1715, he travelled to Beijing. With experience as a muralist, he was invited to work as a court (宫廷) artist. Seven years later, Yongzheng became the new emperor. By then, Castiglione was already famous for a unique style that combined Western and Chinese painting methods. In 1724, Yongzheng asked him to paint One Hundred Horses, a silk painting nearly eight metres long. Painting on silk is no easy task. Once a stroke (笔画) is made, there is no going back. Castiglione first practised on paper. After carefully planning every detail, he copied the design onto silk, stroke by stroke. It took Castiglione four years to finish the painting. There is no record of how Emperor Yongzheng felt about it. But the following emperor, Qianlong, was deeply impressed and called the painting a masterpiece. As its name suggests, One Hundred Horses shows about 100 horses in different actions. Some stand quietly, while others run, walk, drink water, roll on the ground or even fight. The painting’s large size alone is already impressive. A closer look, however, may surprise you further. Castiglione skilfully combined Western realism with Chinese brushwork. The trees, horses and people appear lifelike, yet they were all painted with a Chinese brush. In One Hundred Horses, humans and nature live side by side in peace, and so do Eastern and Western aesthetics (美学). Perhaps this perfect combination is why Emperor Qianlong liked it so much. 1．What surprised many people about the painting One Hundred Horses? A．It was painted on silk, not paper. B．It is nearly eight metres long. C．It was actually painted by an Italian. D．It took four years to complete. 2．What is the correct order of the following events? ①Castiglione finished One Hundred Horses. ②Castiglione arrived in Beijing. ③One Hundred Horses was called a masterpiece by Emperor Qianlong. ④Castiglione was asked to paint One Hundred Horses. ⑤Castiglione became a court artist. A．②⑤④①③ B．②③①④⑤ C．②④①③⑤ D．②⑤①④③ 3．What can be inferred about painting on silk from paragraph 4? A．It’s easy to make some changes on it. B．It requires great care and practice. C．It is usually done without planning. D．It must use only one stroke. 4．Why did Emperor Qianlong especially like this painting? A．Because it was a large painting that brings peace. B．Because it showed many beautiful and strong horses. C．Because it properly combines different cultures. D．Because it perfectly reflected Eastern culture. 5．In which part of a newspaper can we probably find the passage? A．Education. B．Sports. C．Science. D．Culture. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了意大利画家郎世宁（Giuseppe Castiglione）受雍正帝之托，耗时四年在丝绢上完成的名画《百骏图》。文章讲述了他的创作背景、绘画过程以及乾隆帝对这幅东西方艺术融合之作的高度评价。 1．第一段指出：“To many people’s surprise, it was painted not by a Chinese artist but by an Italian named Giuseppe Castiglione.” 这直接说明令人惊讶的是这幅画实际上由一位意大利人所绘。 2．按文章时间线排列：②1215年到达北京→⑤被邀请成为宫廷画师→④1224年雍正让他画《百骏图》→①耗时四年完成→③乾隆称其为杰作。正确顺序为②⑤④①③。 3．第四段提到：“Painting on silk is no easy task. Once a stroke is made, there is no going back. Castiglione first practised on paper. After carefully planning every detail...” 由此可推断丝绢绘画需要极大的细心和练习。 4．最后一段指出：“humans and nature live side by side in peace, and so do Eastern and Western aesthetics. Perhaps this perfect combination is why Emperor Qianlong liked it so much.” 说明乾隆特别喜欢这幅画是因为它完美地融合了东西方文化。 5．全文围绕一幅传统中国画的历史、创作过程和文化融合展开，属于文化类话题，最可能出现在报纸的文化版面。 Passage 15 The Silk Road is the name of different roads that long ago connected Europe, Africa and Asia. People reached these different places along these roads. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago. When the Chinese silk trade became important in the world, the Silk Road covered almost 6,500 kilometers. It spread from Rome (罗马) to China, that is to say from the West to the Far East. Traders travelling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried and traded spices, cloth, valuable stones and gold. There is a famous old story along the old road. It is said that Roman (罗马的) soldiers who lost a war travelled through central Asia. They decided to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese village of Liqian. Some of these Romans married local Chinese women and the story of the blue-eyed villages of China was thus started. ▲ During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries to meet each other and mix. The Silk Road allowed sharing valuable goods and new ideas. These included people and trading goods from the Mediterranean, Persian, Magyar, Armenian, Bactrian, Indian and Chinese areas. All these peoples travelled along the Silk Road, and they shared goods, stories, languages and cultures. In modern times, the old Silk Road routes are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even a Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35,000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples. 1．How many kilometers did the Silk Road cover? A．About 3,000. B．Nearly 6,500. C．Almost 2,000. D．Over 35,000. 2．What does the underlined word “spread” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Reached. B．Stopped. C．Hid. D．Broke. 3．Who married ancient Chinese women in the story of blue-eyed villages of China? A．Asian soldiers. B．African soldiers. C．European soldiers. D．American soldiers. 4．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．The road was not only for silk, but also for horses. B．However, the journey was dangerous because of the thieves. C．So, the Chinese soldiers were sent to protect the traders. D．The communication made the Silk Road very important in history. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Valuable things could not be sold along the Silk Road. B．People from different countries at that time could build new villages freely in China. C．Ancient Chinese along the Silk Road might be able to speak different languages. D．The objects in the museum in Jiuquan in China are from all over the world. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了丝绸之路的历史背景、路线长度、交易物品、相关的传说故事、文化交流意义以及现代的遗迹保护。 1．根据第一段“When the Chinese silk trade became important in the world, the Silk Road covered almost 6,500 kilometers.”可知，丝绸之路全长近6500公里。故选B。 2．结合原句“It spread from Rome to China”，丝绸之路连接罗马与中国两地，据此推测单词用来描述路线的空间延展。将stopped、hid、broke分别代入语句均语义矛盾，只有reached贴合延伸抵达的含义。 3．根据第三段“Roman soldiers who lost a war... Some of these Romans married local Chinese women”可知，是罗马士兵娶了中国女子。罗马位于欧洲，因此是欧洲士兵。故选C。 4．第四段主要讲丝绸之路促进了不同文化和国家的人们交流，分享商品、故事、语言和文化。空格后说“During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people... to meet each other and mix.”，因此空格处应点明“交流使丝绸之路在历史上非常重要”。选项D“这种交流使得丝绸之路在历史上非常重要”能概括本段主旨，适合作为主题句放在段首。故选D。 5．根据文章第四段中“All these peoples traveled along the Silk Road, and they shared goods, stories, languages and cultures.”可知，人们沿着丝绸之路分享语言，由此可推断沿线的古代中国人可能会说不同的语言以便交流，故选C。选项A与文中提到交易贵重物品矛盾；选项B“自由建立新村落”文中未提及；选项D“来自世界各地”范围过大，文中仅指“沿着丝绸之路”。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题10 阅读理解常考话题15篇（福建专用） 单元 单元话题 Unit 7 Be a Better Learner! 高效学习与学习方法 Unit 8 Every Coin Counts! 理财消费、节约与钱币文化 Unit 9 Forces of Nature 自然灾害与自然力量、防灾自救 Unit 10 World in the Cloud 互联网与数字网络生活 Unit 11 Fantastic Chinese Culture 中华传统文化之美 Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature 书籍与文学阅读 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 本资料共15篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应2-3篇单元话题专题训练 Passage 1 ①Some people say that the UK and the US are two countries that are separated (分割) by a common language. It means although both Americans and the British speak English, there are many differences in the way they use the language. Having studied in both countries, I have found the differences are more than differences such as pronunciations and spellings. A big difference is communication styles (风格). ②I spent one term in the UK, and the biggest challenge for me was that people don’t always say things directly. The British are famous for being polite. So polite, in fact, that they sometimes say the contrary of what they really mean. For example, when the British say “I almost agree", don’t think they have similar opinions to you. Actually, they mean “I don’t agree at all”. Before I could fully understand how the British communicate, I went home. ③Later, I went to study in the US for one year. I found that Americans like to be straight with others. When I spoke to them, I often had trouble getting straight to the point. For example, when I wanted to ask for help, I liked to say, “Excuse me, I’m terribly sorry to bother you, but I seem to be lost. Would you be so kind to lend me a hand in finding my way to the nearest station?” But Americans would find it strange. They would just say, “Hey, sorry to bother you. I’m really lost and need to find the nearest station. Can you help me?” I realized I had to learn a whole new way of communicating. ④Now, I have a better understanding of how to communicate in both countries, but I still have a lot to learn. As my experiences show, learning the pronunciation and spelling of words in a language is just the beginning! 1．What does the underlined word “contrary” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Opposite. B．Similarity. C．Meaning. D．Same. 2．How does the writer develop paragraph 2? A．By explaining the facts. B．By using numbers. C．By giving an example. D．By comparing two facts. 3．What do we know about the writer from the last paragraph? A．She has found a new way to learn English. B．She has a long way to go to learn English. C．She wants to start learning English again. D．She plans to study in the US for longer. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (①=paragraph 1; ②paragraph 2 ...) A．①②/③④ B．①/②③/④ C．①②/③/④ D．①/②/③④ 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Communicating like the British B．Ways of Making Communication Interesting C．The UK and the US: the Common Language, Different Styles D．The UK and the US: Different Countries, Common Cultures Passage 2 Long ago in China, there lived a very wise man named Confucius. He was born more than 2,500 years ago. People remember him not as a king or a general, but as a great teacher and thinker. His ideas have influenced China and many other parts of the world for a very long time. Confucius believed that learning and being a good person were the most important things in life. He said everyone should try to be better. One of his most famous ideas is “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.” This means we should be kind and fair to other people, just as we want them to be kind and fair to us. He had many students. He did not just teach them facts from books. He taught them how to live a good life, how to be honest, and how to respect their parents and teachers. He said that a good leader should be a good person first, and then people would follow him willingly. His way of teaching was special. He asked questions and let his students think and find the answers themselves. This method encouraged deep thinking. Confucius’s students later wrote down his teachings in a book called The Analects (Lunyu). This book is like a collection of his words and conversations with his students. For many centuries, it was the most important book for students in China. His thoughts about family, society, and government helped to shape Chinese culture and values. Today, people all over the world still study his ideas. They are not just old words; they are about how to live wisely and peacefully with others. Confucius’s legacy is not in buildings or money, but in these valuable ideas that continue to teach us. 1．What was Confucius mainly known as? A．A great teacher and thinker. B．A famous general. C．A great king. D．A rich businessman. 2．What is one of Confucius’s most famous ideas mentioned in the passage? A．Life is short, so enjoy it. B．Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself. C．Knowledge comes only from books. D．The strong should rule the weak. 3．How did Confucius teach his students according to the passage? A．He only made them read one book. B．He asked questions and let them think to find answers. C．He gave very long lectures and students just listened. D．He only taught them how to get high scores in tests. 4．The underlined word “legacy” in the last paragraph most probably means ________. A．the money a person leaves when they die B．the buildings a person built C．some important ideas or thoughts D．the family of a person 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Confucius was a poor man who lived a hard life. B．Confucius’s book The Analects is very difficult to read. C．Confucius’s ideas are only popular in China now. D．Confucius was an important teacher. His ideas about life and learning are still important today. Passage 3 “It is never too late and you are never too old to start something new!” says an Englishtown student Ellen Rema. Ellen began to learn English at the age of fifty, and in just a few years, she has made great progress! Ellen chose to study on Englishtown because no evening classes were offered in the German countryside where she lives. On Englishtown, she has conversation classes online and speaks with native (以英语为母语的) English-speaking teachers. “Englishtown is a wonderful place for study,” she says. Ellen began with the first level of Englishtown and quickly progressed. “I spent hours and hours studying,” she said. “Maybe I wanted too much in a short time. I finished all my courses after 2 years, but I still had grammar (语法) difficulties.” Instead of giving up, she chose to continue. After another two years on Englishtown, she’s still studying in the online classroom.“ Studying online is never boring, but you need practice, practice, practice!” Ellen says studying English isn’t all about hard work. It should also be fun. “I really like the online conversation classrooms,” she says. “I have learned so much about other cultures and traditions.” Ellen has been able to put her English to use by visiting England five times! “I'm very thankful to Englishtown because my life has improved because of it,” Ellen says. 1．What does “Englishtown” probably refer to (指代)? A．An online English learning platform. B．An international English town. C．An international English class. D．An English-speaking teacher. 2．What trouble did Ellen have while learning? A．Reading. B．Grammar. C．Writing. D．Listening. 3．According to Ellen’s experience, Ellen is a person who ________. A．never goes to school late B．can speak English well C．has never been to England D．never says “give up” 4．How long has Ellen learned English? A．For 2 years. B．For 4 years. C．For 6 years. D．For 15 years. 5．What's the main idea of this passage? A．Englishtown is a good place to visit. B．The courses are good on Englishtown. C．Studying English is not boring at all. D．A person is never too old to learn. Passage 4 A budget is a spending plan. It can help you spend money wisely. It can do this by cutting out wasteful spending. Of course, preparing a budget takes planning, and following a budget takes self-control. Your budget should meet your family’s needs and match the money your family earns. The first step in creating a budget is setting your goals. What does your family need and want? You must know this in order to work out the details of the budget. Keep goals realistic. Then decide which goals are the most important. The next step is finding out your family’s income (收入). Write down all the money you expect to receive during the planned budget period. Before you can plan wisely, you need to know how much money you have to spend! After you know how much money will be ready to use, it is time to find out expenses (支出). List all of your family expenses. If you are not satisfied with what you got for your money, look carefully at your spending. Studying your records will show where overspending has happened. It will also point out poor buying habits. It is also a good idea to prepare a small amount of money for emergencies. Every family has small emergencies: a broken machine or tool, or the need for medical care. By saving a little money for emergencies, you will feel safer. This money will help you when something unexpected happens. 1．What is the advantage of a budget according to the text? A．To help you save a lot of money. B．To help you set great goals. C．To help you know all your needs. D．To help you spend money in a smart way. 2．What is the first thing to do when making a budget? A．Setting goals. B．Listing expenses. C．Preparing for emergencies. D．Finding out the family’s savings. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Making a budget needs no effort. B．A good budget should be based on family income. C．All family goals should be realized at the same time. D．Studying spending records won’t help improve buying habits. 4．What should you do if you are unhappy with your spending? A．Discuss with your family. B．Take budgeting classes. C．Check your buying records. D．Make new saving plans. 5．Why does the writer advise people to prepare some money in the last paragraph? A．Things can happen unexpectedly. B．You may fail to follow your budget. C．People usually spend more than they plan to. D．Others may want to borrow some money from you. Passage 5 Kids need to learn about real money in a digital age. With the development of technology, more and more people pay online using phones or bank cards in daily life. This convenient way of payment has changed our life, but it also brings a problem: many young kids have little chance to see or use real paper money and coins. Melanie Zhang works in Shanghai, China. Her daughter, 8, is in Grade 2 in a primary school (小学). When the girl does her math homework, she often meets many problems and asks Zhang for help. Today Zhang finds her daughter doesn’t know about paper money. The girl knows about “yuan”, but has no idea of “jiao” and “fen”. For her, money is just numbers on the phone. That’s all her idea about money. “Before doing today’s homework, she didn’t see any paper money. When she started to know something, I remember that we always pay online in daily life,” Zhang says. Zhang’s daughter doesn’t know much about real money, and she isn’t the only one. In a school in Wuhan, Hubei, the first-grade students don’t know what Renminbi is. They think they can cut paper money in half when they use it. This surprises their teacher. Money matters in our daily life, so the ability to use money is essential to children. Where does money come and go? How do we use money wisely in life? Every child should get to know these little by little when they are young. Learning about real money, like paper money and coins, is a good start. 1．What problem does online payment bring to young kids? A．They have no money to pay online. B．They can’t finish their math homework. C．They hardly see or use real paper money and coins. D．They often ask their parents for help with money. 2．What do we know about Melanie Zhang’s daughter? A．She knows nothing about “yuan” . B．She is in Grade 3 in a primary school. C．She often uses paper money in daily life. D．She thinks money is numbers on the phone. 3．What do the first-grade students in Wuhan think of paper money? A．It is made of gold. B．It is not useful at all. C．It is the same as digital money. D．It can be cut in half when used. 4．What does the underlined word “essential” mean? A．Important. B．Difficult. C．Interesting. D．Boring. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．The advantages of online payment. B．Different ways to use paper money and coins. C．The reasons why parents should give kids paper money. D．Kids need to learn about real money in a digital age. Passage 6 During the Spring Festival, many of you may get lucky money. According to a survey, 40% of Chinese kids get 1,000 to 3,000 yuan during the Spring Festival. In some cities in southeastern China, the number could reach over 10,000 yuan. How will you manage so much money? Let’s listen to some students. Hi! My name is Nick. I am 15 years old. I like playing games and sports. But I have trouble with money—I never have enough money. My parents give me pocket money every week. During the Spring Festival, I get lucky money from my relatives. I am “rich” sometimes. But most of the time, I use up the money and become “poor”. Hi! My name is Tina. I’m Nick’s younger cousin. I’m 14. I don’t want to spend money like Nick does. I’d like to save it. My parents say that banks can make my money grow. Then I can also help children in need. How exciting! If it is true, I’ll open a bank account (账户) and put my lucky money into it. Spending with a plan can help you save money. Saving money can help you make your life more meaningful. 1．How much lucky money do 40% of Chinese kids get during the Spring Festival according to the survey? A．100 to 300 yuan. B．4,000 yuan. C．1,000 to 3,000 yuan. D．10,000 yuan. 2．How often does Nick get pocket money from his parents? A．Every day. B．Every week. C．Every month. D．Every year. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about Nick? A．He is 14 years old. B．He is Tina’s elder cousin. C．He is good at saving money. D．He never gets lucky money. 4．What can we infer from (推断) Tina’s words? A．She will ask Nick to manage her lucky money. B．She thinks saving money is a meaningful thing. C．She doesn’t believe banks can make money grow. D．She wants to spend all her lucky money on games. 5．Where may you read the passage? A．Travel guide. B．Movie poster. C．School newspaper. D．Science magazine. Passage 7 What is a typhoon? A typhoon is a large, spinning (旋转的) storm, happening in the western Pacific Ocean. Typhoons get their energy from warm ocean water. The heat from the water makes the air rise, and the winds begin to spin. Over the warm sea, this spinning wind and storm grow stronger. Check the news for bad weather. When a typhoon comes close, read weather reports every six hours. Check if your house is strong enough for high winds. Fix weak (不牢固的) areas if needed. Fishermen: move boats to a safe place. Cover windows with strong boards or sticks. Prepare flashlights. Also, get candles (蜡烛) and matches. Store enough food and clean water. Choose food that does not need cooking. Prepare an emergency kit with medicine, knives, clothes and so on. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What gives a typhoon its energy? A．Warm ocean water.B．Heat from the sun.C．Wind from the land. D．Cold air over the ocean. 2．When a typhoon is near, how often should we check weather reports? A．Every 3 hours. B．Every 6 hours. C．Every 12 hours. D．Every 24 hours. 3．According to the text, which food should we store before a typhoon? A．Beef. B．Bread. C．Potatoes. D．Fresh fish. 4．Which of the following does the text NOT advise to put in an emergency kit? A．Knives. B．Clothes. C．Money. D．Medicine. 5．Where may we read the text? A．In a history book. B．In a diary. C．In a storybook. D．On a weather website. Passage 8 At about 6 p.m. on Saturday, a forest fire broke out in a village in Liangshan. The local government acted quickly and 689 people were sent to put out the fire. Fire groups were fighting the fire on Sunday when a sudden change of wind direction caused “a huge fireball”. 27 firefighters and 3 locals lost their lives. Most of the firefighters were in their twenties and two of them were younger than twenty. Then death touched people all over China. There is enough reason to see them as heroes. We should remember all the heroes and their spirit in fighting the fire. As the old saying goes: A nation is lost without its memories. Forest fires are common in spring. Many experts believe there are some reasons for forest fires. The first reason is weather change. Warmer and drier weather leads to dangerous fire conditions. Next, lightning is another reason. Dry grass and trees easily catch fire. Finally, hot winds add to the possibility of forest fires. However, 90% of forest fires are caused by humans, according to a report. Forest fires can burn at over 900℃ and reach heights of more than 50 meters. Forest fires can move at a speed of up to 23 kilometers an hour, burning everything——trees, homes, even people. Experts remind people to be careful during the holiday of Qingming, known as Tomb-Sweeping Day. Millions of people travel to their hometowns to remember the dead people in their family during the holiday, so the risks of fires in mountains are high. In order to keep the heart-broken lesson in mind, we should prevent fires from happening again. 1．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．All of the firefighters who lost their lives were in their twenties. B．689 people were sent to put out the fire. C．A sudden change of wind direction led to “a huge fireball”. D．The death of the heroes touched people around China. 2．All of the following can cause forest fires except ________ in the passage. A．weather change B．lightning and hot winds C．human behavior D．Tomb-Sweeping Day 3．What does the underlined sentence mean in this passage? A．We should remember the reasons for forest fires, including the conditions from nature and humans. B．We should remember the heroes and their spirit in fighting the fire C．We should remember the number of the heroes that lost their lives in fighting the fire. D．We should remember to be careful during the holiday of Qingming, known as Tomb-Sweeping Day. 4．What are the characteristics of forest fires from the passage? A．Forest fires can burn at more than 900℃ and reach heights of over 50 meters. B．Forest fires can move at a speed of up to 23 kilometers an hour. C．Forest fires can burn everything——trees, homes, even people. D．A, B and C． 5．You can probably find this passage ________. A．in a news report B．in a fairy book C．in a storybook D．in a novel Passage 9 An avalanche is a large amount of snow, ice and rocks moving quickly down a mountain, especially on slopes (斜坡) of 30° to 45°. It can move at a speed of 96 km/h to 129 km/h. Different things can make avalanches happen suddenly. About 90% of avalanches happen because of human activities. Earthquakes and even animals’ movements can also make them happen. Avalanches happen all year round. Most of them are small, but in high mountains, such as the Himalayas, they can be very large and dangerous. When it happens, the fast-moving snow, ice and rocks can sweep away everything on the way. They cover people alive and the snow is so heavy that they can’t breathe. Some avalanches cover all the houses and villages along the way. Once an avalanche stops, the snow becomes too hard to move. That can make people under it die of the cold. What can we do to stay safe if we want to climb snow mountains? Never start climbing when the snow begins melting (融化), especially in spring. Avalanches may happen this season at any minute. Wait for at least 2 days to start climbing after a snowstorm. Keeping quiet in the mountains is also important. And always make sure you have the right tools and know how to use them before climbing snow mountains. Also, you’d better tell someone your plan before climbing, so they can help if needed. 1．Which picture shows an avalanche? A． B． C． D． 2．What is the main cause of most avalanches? A．Falling temperatures.B．Rising winds. C．Big earthquakes. D．People’s actions. 3．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．The cause of avalanches. B．The types of avalanches. C．The effect of avalanches. D．The speed of avalanches. 4．Which is the right way to keep safe? A．Keep quiet when climbing snow mountains. B．Start climbing after the snowstorm right away. C．Climb snow mountains in spring with useful tools. D．Buy expensive tools before climbing the mountains. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To describe mountain life. B．To explain the form of snow. C．To encourage mountain climbing. D．To warn about avalanche dangers. Passage 10 With the help of technology, the way we communicate（交流） with others has greatly changed. How do you feel about it? Would you like to live in a world with or without mobile phones? I ordered some snacks on my phone the other afternoon. Once I got home from work that evening, I saw they were already at my door. So fast! Have you ever thought about how people in the past communicated and did things without mobile phones? Take the post for example. Before using phones, if you wanted to communicate with someone far away, you needed to send them a letter in the mail. When my mom was in a primary school, she did this with her “pen pal”. A pen pal is a name for a person you communicate with mainly through postal mail. My mom would write to her pen pal every few months, and then, after a little while, her pen pal would write back. Later, once email became a usual thing, sending letters in the post felt so slow to people. It became known as “snail mail”! What would you do if you were at an airport in the time before using mobile phones? My dad said that in the 1970s there were message boards（告示牌） at some airports. If you needed to leave the airport and wanted to leave a message for a friend who would be arriving later, you could write them a message and stick it on the message board. Then, your friend could go to check the board later and see what you wrote to them! 1．The way we communicate with others has changed a lot because of ________. A．letters B．technology C．pen pal D．school 2．How did the writer’s mom communicate with her pen pals? A．By talking on phones. B．By mailing letters. C．By visiting them every few months. D．By writing diaries. 3．Why does the writer use “snail mail” in Paragraph 4? A．To make fun of people still sending letters. B．To say that postal mail was famous. C．To say that email was a usual thing. D．To say that postal mail was very slow. 4．Where could people leave messages at some airports in the 1970s? A．On the message board. B．At the information desk. C．On the door of the exit. D．On the boarding gate of the plane. 5．The story is mainly about ________. A．how fast it is to buy things nowadays B．how people communicated with each other before C．how important communication is D．how people in the past made friends Passage 11 When you walk through a park in Shenzhen, you might see something surprising in the sky — not a bird, not a plane, but a drone (无人机) delivering (运送) your friend’s takeaway coffee. Shenzhen, known as China’s “drone capital”, has turned this high-tech invention into an everyday helper. Drones are no longer just for taking cool videos. During the busy lunch hour, drones fly above the city to send meals to offices and homes. This saves time and reduces traffic jams. According to a report, drone delivery is 70% faster than traditional delivery in some areas. But the use of drones goes beyond food delivery. In Luohu District, drones help doctors send important medical supplies (医疗用品) to faraway clinics. When every second counts, a drone can fly over buildings to arrive in minutes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, drones were used to spray (喷洒) disinfectant, keeping workers safe. What makes Shenzhen the perfect home for drones? The city has a complete industry chain (产业链) — from designing chips to making final products. Companies like DJI are based here. With strong government support, Shenzhen is testing more drone uses, such as flying taxis and emergency rescue. Young people in Shenzhen are inspired by this technology. “I want to become an engineer and create flying vehicles that can help more people,” says Li Ming, a 14-year-old student. Shenzhen’s drones show how technology can make life easier and safer. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce different kinds of drones. B．To draw readers’ attention to drones in Shenzhen. C．To explain how drones deliver coffee. D．To compare drones with birds and planes. 2．Why is drone delivery faster than traditional delivery in some areas of Shenzhen? A．Because drones carry lighter meals. B．Because drones avoid heavy traffic on roads. C．Because drones are controlled by AI. D．Because drones have bigger batteries. 3．What does the underlined word “goes beyond” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．flies over B．stays inside C．does more than D．falls short of 4．According to the passage, what makes Shenzhen a perfect home for drones? A．The large number of parks and open spaces. B．The complete industry chain and government support. C．The low cost of making drone chips. D．The high demand for takeaway coffee. 5．What can we infer from Li Ming’s words in the last paragraph? A．He thinks building drones is boring. B．He hopes to use drone technology to help others in the future. C．He has already made a flying vehicle. D．He only cares about the fun part of drones. Passage 12 Could you imagine a future where you can think about a message to send to a friend, and your phone sends it for you? Or where paralyzed people can easily learn to walk again? Or if you wanted to make art, you could just think of it in your mind and send it to your phone? This future may be coming soon! In the past month, a big news story came out. A man who has been paralysed can now walk again, because of brain chips(芯片). These chips are built in the users’ brains and use Bluetooth technology to let them control digital devices, like smartphones and computers, simply by thinking. It might sound like telekinesis (心灵遥感), but this once science-fiction idea is now becoming reality and it could soon be available to more people. This technology could have amazing influences on people with different disabilities, but there are some worries. Many people are worried that there will be long-term effects of the brain chips, which could harm a person’s health. Many of these companies first try using the brain chips on monkeys, which some people say is very cruel. Then there is a big worry about mental (思想的) privacy. People fear that if brain chips can read brain signals, companies or governments might one day be able to look into our inner thoughts. Could this technology be misused, changing from improving ability to controlling minds? Finally, the problem of fairness (公平) has appeared. If this technology moves from medical treatment to ability improvement, will it create an unfair advantage for those who can afford it? Will people with brain chips have better chances in education and employment than those without? That is why, more than ever before, we will need lawmakers to design boundaries that make sure a fair chance for us all. Some think there are lots of advantages, and brain chips will help many people. For others, the technology is too risky and harmful. We will have to wait and see. 1．What happened to the paralyzed man? A．He could send messages to friends. B．He could walk again with brain chips. C．He learned to make art with his mind. D．He got a better job after treatment. 2．What can we infer from the sentence it could soon be available to more people? A．The technology is already widely used. B．Only rich people can afford the technology. C．The technology is too dangerous to be used. D．The technology may become more common. 3．How is the passage mainly organized? A．By telling a moving story about a disabled man. B．By introducing and discussing the new technology. C．By asking questions and answering them one by one. D．By describing the development of brain chips step by step. 4．What can we learn from people’s worries about this technology? A．All people agree that brain chips are safe for human health. B．Brain chips have no influence on people’s privacy at all. C．People are worried that brain chips may be used in bad ways. D．Brain chips will surely help rich people get a better education. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Brain Chips: Hope or Risk? B．How Monkeys Help Science C．Brain Chips: A New Way to Walk D．The Future of Mind-Reading Phones Passage 13 Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is one of the most famous landscape paintings in China. It was created by Huang Gongwang, one of the Four Masters of the Yuan Dynasty. Huang started to paint it when he was 79 years old and finished it at the age of 81. The painting is 6.36 meters long and 33 centimeters wide. It shows the beautiful scenery of the Fuchun Mountains in Zhejiang Province. The mountains, rivers, trees and clouds in the painting are drawn with simple ink lines, but they look very real. The painting is full of peace and harmony, making people feel at one with nature. Unfortunately, the original painting was broken into two parts in the 17th century. One part is called The Remaining Mountain and is kept in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum. The other part is called the Master Wuyong Scroll and is kept in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. For hundreds of years, people hoped that the two parts could be shown together. In 2011, their dream came true. The two parts were put on display in Taipei. Thousands of visitors came to see the painting. It was a great event in the art world. Today, Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is not only a masterpiece of Chinese painting, but also a symbol of Chinese cultural heritage. It shows the beauty of Chinese landscape painting and the wisdom of ancient artists. We should protect this priceless artwork and pass down its spirit to future generations. 1．Who created Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains? A．A Song Dynasty artist. B．Huang Gongwang. C．A modern painter. D．One of the Four Masters of the Ming Dynasty. 2．How long did it take Huang Gongwang to finish the painting? A．One year. B．Two years. C．Three years. D．Four years. 3．What does the painting show? A．The scenery of the Fuchun Mountains. B．The life of ancient people. C．The stories of famous artists. D．The history of the Yuan Dynasty. 4．Where is The Remaining Mountain kept? A．In the National Palace Museum in Taipei. B．In the Beijing Palace Museum. C．In the Zhejiang Provincial Museum. D．In a foreign museum. 5．When were the two parts of the painting shown together for the first time in recent years? A．In 1700. B．In 1911. C．In 2011. D．In 2021. Passage 14 Among the most famous traditional Chinese paintings, there’s a very long painting of horses called One Hundred Horses. To many people’s surprise, it was painted not by a Chinese artist but by an Italian named Giuseppe Castiglione. Castiglione is better known in China by his Chinese name, Lang Shining. He was born in 1688 in Milan, Italy. In 1715, he travelled to Beijing. With experience as a muralist, he was invited to work as a court (宫廷) artist. Seven years later, Yongzheng became the new emperor. By then, Castiglione was already famous for a unique style that combined Western and Chinese painting methods. In 1724, Yongzheng asked him to paint One Hundred Horses, a silk painting nearly eight metres long. Painting on silk is no easy task. Once a stroke (笔画) is made, there is no going back. Castiglione first practised on paper. After carefully planning every detail, he copied the design onto silk, stroke by stroke. It took Castiglione four years to finish the painting. There is no record of how Emperor Yongzheng felt about it. But the following emperor, Qianlong, was deeply impressed and called the painting a masterpiece. As its name suggests, One Hundred Horses shows about 100 horses in different actions. Some stand quietly, while others run, walk, drink water, roll on the ground or even fight. The painting’s large size alone is already impressive. A closer look, however, may surprise you further. Castiglione skilfully combined Western realism with Chinese brushwork. The trees, horses and people appear lifelike, yet they were all painted with a Chinese brush. In One Hundred Horses, humans and nature live side by side in peace, and so do Eastern and Western aesthetics (美学). Perhaps this perfect combination is why Emperor Qianlong liked it so much. 1．What surprised many people about the painting One Hundred Horses? A．It was painted on silk, not paper. B．It is nearly eight metres long. C．It was actually painted by an Italian. D．It took four years to complete. 2．What is the correct order of the following events? ①Castiglione finished One Hundred Horses. ②Castiglione arrived in Beijing. ③One Hundred Horses was called a masterpiece by Emperor Qianlong. ④Castiglione was asked to paint One Hundred Horses. ⑤Castiglione became a court artist. A．②⑤④①③ B．②③①④⑤ C．②④①③⑤ D．②⑤①④③ 3．What can be inferred about painting on silk from paragraph 4? A．It’s easy to make some changes on it. B．It requires great care and practice. C．It is usually done without planning. D．It must use only one stroke. 4．Why did Emperor Qianlong especially like this painting? A．Because it was a large painting that brings peace. B．Because it showed many beautiful and strong horses. C．Because it properly combines different cultures. D．Because it perfectly reflected Eastern culture. 5．In which part of a newspaper can we probably find the passage? A．Education. B．Sports. C．Science. D．Culture. Passage 15 The Silk Road is the name of different roads that long ago connected Europe, Africa and Asia. People reached these different places along these roads. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago. When the Chinese silk trade became important in the world, the Silk Road covered almost 6,500 kilometers. It spread from Rome (罗马) to China, that is to say from the West to the Far East. Traders travelling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried and traded spices, cloth, valuable stones and gold. There is a famous old story along the old road. It is said that Roman (罗马的) soldiers who lost a war travelled through central Asia. They decided to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese village of Liqian. Some of these Romans married local Chinese women and the story of the blue-eyed villages of China was thus started. ▲ During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries to meet each other and mix. The Silk Road allowed sharing valuable goods and new ideas. These included people and trading goods from the Mediterranean, Persian, Magyar, Armenian, Bactrian, Indian and Chinese areas. All these peoples travelled along the Silk Road, and they shared goods, stories, languages and cultures. In modern times, the old Silk Road routes are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even a Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35,000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples. 1．How many kilometers did the Silk Road cover? A．About 3,000. B．Nearly 6,500. C．Almost 2,000. D．Over 35,000. 2．What does the underlined word “spread” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Reached. B．Stopped. C．Hid. D．Broke. 3．Who married ancient Chinese women in the story of blue-eyed villages of China? A．Asian soldiers. B．African soldiers. C．European soldiers. D．American soldiers. 4．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．The road was not only for silk, but also for horses. B．However, the journey was dangerous because of the thieves. C．So, the Chinese soldiers were sent to protect the traders. D．The communication made the Silk Road very important in history. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Valuable things could not be sold along the Silk Road. B．People from different countries at that time could build new villages freely in China. C．Ancient Chinese along the Silk Road might be able to speak different languages. D．The objects in the museum in Jiuquan in China are from all over the world. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $