2026年北京市东城区九年级二模英语 D篇详解

2026-06-12
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摘要:

该初中英语讲义聚焦中考阅读理解D篇(说明文),覆盖词义指代、推理判断、主旨归纳等核心考点。通过“文章结构梳理-核心词汇解析-题目分层突破”教学环节,结合真题详解帮助学生建立解题逻辑,突破长难句理解与信息定位难点,体现复习的系统性和针对性。 亮点在于“以例促思”教学策略,如通过艺术欣赏案例分析好奇心与难度的关系,培养学生思维品质;结合核心词汇(如infophilia, conceptual framework)解析提升语言能力。设计“词汇理解-段落推理-主旨提炼”三级训练,配合即时反馈机制,确保学生高效掌握考点,教师可据此精准把控复习节奏,提升学生应考能力。

内容正文:

东城区初三二模英语 D篇详解 D We are curious. We spend much of our waking lives searching for information.我们天生充满好奇心。清醒时的大部分时间里,我们都在搜寻各类信息。 Some researchers have suggested curiosity is its own drive, like hunger or thirst.一些研究人员提出,好奇心本身就是一种驱动力,如同饥饿感或口渴感一般。 · researcher:研究者 · curiosity:好奇心 · drive:此处名词,本能驱动力、欲望 · hunger or thirst:饥饿与口渴 The idea is that, since it's hard to know what piece of information might help us in the future, humans developed a drive to search for information and keep it in case it later becomes useful.其核心观点是:由于我们很难预知哪一条信息未来会派上用场,人类因此演化出一种本能驱动力,主动搜集并储存信息,以备日后所需。 · in case:以防、以备 · developed a drive:演化形成一种内在驱动力 · keep it:储存(信息) 第一段:人类天生好奇,大部分清醒时间都在探寻信息;有研究者认为好奇心如同饥饿、口渴一般是本能驱动力,人们搜集并留存信息,以备日后所需。 But this infophilia raises a question: if we like information so much, why don't we look for more of it?但这种信息痴迷现象引出一个问题:既然我们如此喜爱信息,为何不去搜寻更多信息呢? · infophilia:信息癖、对信息的强烈渴求 · raise a question:引出一个问题、产生疑问 When someone first starts learning about a field, they'll show interest in it only if something external (e. g., a teacher) draws their attention. 一个人刚开始接触某一领域知识时,只有受到外部因素(例如老师)的吸引,才会对该领域产生兴趣。 · field:领域、学科 · external:外部的外在事物 · draw one's attention:吸引某人的注意力 As a learner develops more of a connected body of knowledge, they' re able to ground new learnings in that conceptual framework(概念框架), and their interest becomes more internally (内在地)driven.随着学习者构建起愈发连贯完整的知识体系,他们能够将新学到的内容依托于这套概念框架,学习兴趣也更多转变为内在驱动。 · a connected body of knowledge:连贯成体系的知识 · ground new learnings in…:以…… 为基础理解新知识 · internally driven:内在驱动的 第二段:爱获取信息的本能,引出一个疑问:为何人们并不会主动去搜寻更多信息。学习初期,人的兴趣多依靠外界引导;当积累起系统知识后,兴趣才会转为内在驱动。 Imagine picking up a textbook on the history of a country you know little about. 试想拿起一本讲述一个你不甚了解的国家历史的教科书。 It mentions historical people, cities, and neighbouring states. 文中提及了历史人物、城市以及周边邦国。 Even if you look at maps, you'll find it difficult to keep up with the topic. 即便翻看地图,你也会发现很难跟上这个话题。 · keep up with the topic:跟上话题节奏、听懂弄懂话题内容 The effort may not seem worth it.这份付出看似得不偿失。 · worth it:值得付出精力 / 代价 第三段:以阅读陌生国家历史教材为例,说明面对完全不了解的内容时,学习难度大,人们会觉得付出精力并不值得。 So a lack(缺乏) of curiosity in some areas may simply result from the difficulty of mastering the concepts. 所以在某些领域缺乏好奇心,可能仅仅是因为难以掌握相关概念。 · result from:由…… 造成、源于 · master the concepts:理解掌握概念 This connects with research on how people enjoy art. 这与关于人们如何欣赏艺术的相关研究相契合。 · connect with:与…… 相契合、存在关联、道理相通 · research on:针对…… 的研究 · enjoy art:品鉴、欣赏艺术 People are more drawn to art when it's more complex (复杂的)— but only up to a point. 人们更容易被复杂度更高的艺术作品吸引,但这种吸引力存在临界点。 · be drawn to:被…… 吸引、倾心于 · up to a point:在一定程度上;有局限、到某个限度为止 Yet viewers with knowledge of art are able to manage more complexity, and so prefer more complex artwork. 然而具备艺术素养的观赏者能够理解更为繁复的艺术表达,因而更偏爱构图、内涵更丰富复杂的艺术作品。 · viewers:观赏者、观众 · manage more complexity:应对、理解更高的复杂程度 · artwork:艺术作品 People are drawn towards the right balance between complexity and their own ability to deal with that complexity.人们总会倾向于在事物的复杂程度与自身应对这种复杂状况的能力之间找到恰当平衡点。 · be drawn towards:倾向于、被…… 所吸引 · the right balance:恰当的平衡 · deal with that complexity:应对、消化这份复杂程度 第四段:部分领域缺乏好奇心,往往是因为知识理解难度过高;这和人们欣赏艺术的规律相似:大家偏爱复杂度与自身理解能力相匹配的内容。 Researchers also talk about curiosity as a drive to fill gaps (空白) in our knowledge. 研究人员也将好奇心视作填补我们知识体系中空白的内在驱动力。 · drive:内在驱动力 · fill gaps in our knowledge:弥补、填补知识上的空缺 When we notice a gap, we feel the drive to fill it. If there isn't a gap, but rather a total lack of knowledge, we don't feel the same need. 当我们察觉到存在认知缺口时,就会产生填补缺口的动力。倘若并非存在认知缺口,而是完全一无所知,我们便不会生出同等的需求。 · notice a gap:察觉到知识缺口 · a total lack of knowledge:毫无相关知识储备 · feel the same need:产生同等的渴求感 Our hunger for information is directed towards information that we have the conceptual framework to understand.我们对信息的渴求,只会投向那些我们具备理解所需概念框架的信息 · hunger for information:对信息的渴望、求知欲 · be directed towards:指向、针对 · conceptual framework:知识概念体系、认知框架 第五段:好奇心也可理解为填补知识空白的欲望,面对已有认知缺口人们才会想去探索,完全陌生的领域则不会产生这种渴求。 All of this might explain why we don't explore the questions that are unfamiliar or too difficult. 这一切或许能解释我们为何不去探究那些陌生或是难度过高的问题 · explore the questions:探究、钻研问题 · unfamiliar:陌生的、不熟悉的 · too difficult:难度过大 But some of the objects around us are relatively simple. 但我们身边的部分物体结构相对简单。 Why don't we explore them? Part of the answer is habituation: they are so familiar that we feel nothing special about them. 我们为何不去深入探寻它们呢?部分原因在于习惯化效应:这些事物太过司空见惯,我们便觉得它们毫无特别之处。 · habituation:习惯化(心理学术语,反复接触刺激后,反应逐渐减弱) · feel nothing special about them:对其没什么特别的感觉、习以为常 In some cases, questions go unnoticed because we think we already know the answer. 有些时候,问题被我们忽略,只因我们自认为早已知晓答案。 However, if we think deeper about them, we'll realize our understanding is incomplete and surface-level.然而,如果我们深入思考这些问题,就会发现我们的理解并不完整,只是停留在表面。 第六段:对于身边简单熟悉的事物,人们也缺少探索欲,这源于习惯化心理:因太过熟悉便自认完全了解,忽略了自身认知其实浅显片面。 What this means, though, is that there are missed chances all around us to learn more about the world. 有些时候,问题被我们忽略,只因我们自认为早已知晓答案。 Sometimes, it may just require paying more attention to what's around us, and honestly asking ourselves whether we truly understand it.很多时候,我们只需多留心周遭事物,坦诚自问:自己是否真的看懂、读懂了这一切。 · Sometimes, it may just require.有时这件事或许只需要……(it 指代后文整件事) · paying more attention to what's around us多关注我们身边的人/事/物 · honestly asking ourselves whether we truly understand it真诚反问自己,我们是否真正理解它 · - whether 引导宾语从句,意为“是否” · - it 指代前面 what's around us(周遭一切) (C)30. What does “this infophilia” in Paragraph 2 refer to?第二段中的 “this infophilia” 指的是什么? A. The drive to use information.运用信息的动力 B. The effort to study information.钻研信息所付出的努力 C. The love of looking for information.乐于搜集信息的喜好 D. The interest in keeping information.留存信息的意愿 (B)31. The examples in Paragraphs 4 and 5 suggest .第四段和第五段中的示例表明 A. people's curiosity differs across fields人们在不同领域的好奇心存在差异 B. curiosity is influenced by the level of difficulty好奇心受难度水平的影响 C. external guidance can help develop internal interest外部引导有助于培养内在兴趣 D the ability to deal with complexity can be improved应对复杂事务的能力能够得到提升 (B)32. What can we learn from the passage?我们能从这篇文章中学到什么? A. Simple objects are easier to catch our attention.简洁的事物更容易吸引我们的注意力。 B. Familiarity may hide how poorly we understand things.熟悉感往往会掩盖我们认知浅薄的事实。 C Gaps in knowledge can naturally bring about curiosity.知识上的空白自然而然会催生好奇心 D. Curiosity is independent of what we have already known.好奇心与我们已掌握的知识无关。 (A)33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?以下哪一项最适合作为这篇文章的标题? A. Why Some Things Fail to Interest Us为何有些事物无法引起我们的兴趣 B. The Hidden Power of Missed Chances错失机遇背后潜藏的力量 C. How People Learn to Understand the World人们如何学着认知世界 D. The Connection Between Curiosity and Ability好奇心与能力之间的关联 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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2026年北京市东城区九年级二模英语 D篇详解
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2026年北京市东城区九年级二模英语 D篇详解
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