2026年山西中考英语阅读【开篇方式】专项备考汇总

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦阅读“开篇方式”核心考点，针对中考高频设问“How does the writer introduce the topic?”，系统梳理11类开篇形式，搭配高频同义替换词和真题例句，通过考点梳理-方法指导-真题训练环节，帮助学生构建知识体系，突破解题难点。 亮点在于“同义替换词记忆+真题语境解析”创新策略，如结合“引用谚语”“对比新旧”等形式的真题例句分析，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。特设叠加开篇模拟题训练，配合即时反馈机制，确保有限时间内高效复习，助力教师精准把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

2026山西中考英语阅读【开篇方式】专项备考汇总 考情说明 2026年山西中考学情调研卷、地市二模及最新模考卷新增开篇方式阅读理解题型，经典设问句式：How does the writer introduce/start the topic?，常设于阅读理解第一篇第1小题，下面给大家总结整理了11类开篇形式，搭配真题例句。 选项高频英文同义替换词（刷题必背） 讲故事 — tell a story / share an experience 设问 — raise/ask a question 引谚语 — quote a saying/proverb 列数据 — list numbers/statistics 对比 — make a comparison 开门见山 — come straight to the point 1. By asking a question（设问提问） 定义：开篇设置疑问句引发读者思考，依托后文对问题的解答引出全文主题 【2026山西学情调研卷议论文原题】 When you are having a conversation with someone, what do you really pay attention to? If words are the only thing you notice, then you may be missing part of the message. 语境解析：以日常人际沟通的疑问切入，引出肢体语言在沟通中的作用主题 2. By showing a fact（陈述客观事实） 定义：罗列生活常识、社会现象、事物利弊等既定客观事实，自然过渡至写作主题 【中考常考爱好主题阅读原文】 Hobbies lead to better health, more sleep, lower pressure and great life satisfaction. Get joy from your hobby, and you will be a better person. 语境解析：摆出爱好的多重正向作用，引出培养爱好的实用建议 3. By listing numbers/date/statistics（罗列数据、统计资料） 定义：借助具体数字、年限、调研统计数据凸显事物特征或问题严重性，引出说明对象 【真题例句-塑料污染经典真题原文】 Some plastic is so strong that it takes more than 400 years to break down before returning safely to the environment. Plastic pollution has become a global problem. 语境解析：利用塑料400年的降解周期数据，引出全球塑料污染议题 4. By giving an example（列举典型实例） 定义：选取单个代表性事例，将抽象的写作话题具象化呈现 【例句-环保类阅读真题】 A plastic bottle thrown into the ocean can harm hundreds of fish. This small example shows how serious plastic pollution is. 语境解析：以塑料瓶危害海洋鱼类为例，切入塑料污染严重性的讨论 5. By making comparisons/contrast（新旧、正反对比） 定义：对比两类事物、不同时间阶段的发展状况，突出文章核心主题 【例句-传统文化主题阅读】 Years ago, few teenagers knew how to use ink brushes. Now more schools open brush-writing classes to protect this treasure of Chinese study. 语境解析：对比青少年过去和现在对毛笔的认知程度，引出毛笔文化传承主题 6. By introducing/showing a saying（引用谚语、名人名言） 定义：开篇引用俗语、格言增强文本说服力，顺势抛出文章核心论点 【真题例句-山西百校联考4卷】 As an old saying goes, “Health is above wealth.” Hobbies can greatly improve our physical and mental health. 语境解析：引用谚语引出爱好能够助力身心健康的论点 7. By telling a story（讲述小故事/个人亲身经历） 适配文体：记叙文 定义：以生活化小故事、个人亲身经历增强阅读代入感，过渡至道理阐释或事物介绍 真题同源例句（2025山西中考记叙文改编） Last summer, I spent three weeks picking up plastic rubbish on the beach. I was shocked by how much waste polluted the sea. Now let’s talk about plastic pollution around us. 语境解析：自述海边捡拾垃圾的亲身经历，展开塑料污染科普 8. By sending a message（发出呼吁、传递核心观点） 适配文体：倡议书、议论文 定义：开篇直接亮出倡导理念、核心主张，点明全文写作目的 【例句-倡议类阅读文本】 Everyone should develop a meaningful hobby in free time. It will bring you happiness and better health. 语境解析：号召学生培养兴趣爱好，后文介绍挑选爱好的具体方法 9. By getting straight to the point（开门见山直入主题） 适配文体：通知、介绍类应用文 定义：首句直接点明全文写作内容，无任何铺垫内容 【例句-通知类应用文】 This passage will introduce several easy ways to develop your own hobbies in daily life. 10. By following time/space order（时间/空间顺序描写） 适配文体：游记、历史介绍类说明文 定义：按照时间先后顺序、空间方位移步换景描写，逐步引出介绍主体 【例句-平遥古城阅读真题】 Starting from the south gate of Pingyao Ancient City, you will see old streets lined with Ming-style shops. This ancient city has a history of 2700 years. 11. By explaining a word（解释核心专业名词定义） 适配文体：硬核科普说明文 定义：开篇拆解文章关键术语的含义，再展开深度讲解 【例句-传统文化科普阅读】 A writing brush, also called ink brush, is one of the four treasures of the Chinese study. It has been used for Chinese calligraphy for thousands of years. 全真模拟例题 Hobbies lead to better health, more sleep, lower pressure and great life satisfaction. Get joy from your hobby, and you will be a better person. But where do we start? Here are some suggestions. How does the writer introduce the topic? A. By telling a story B. By listing facts and asking a question C. By explaining a word D. By quoting a saying 答案：B 解析：先罗列爱好带来的客观益处，再通过设问完成过渡，为山西中考典型叠加开篇考查形式 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $