Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Section B (1a-1e) 同步练 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 本同步练习以“基础夯实+能力提升”分层设计，通过自然奇观主题情境，构建从词汇拼写、词形转换到语篇理解的知识巩固路径，兼顾语言能力培养与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础夯实|核心词汇（如survive, distance）、词形转换（如climb→climbers）、基础句型翻译|以Unit 4主题词汇为核心，通过首字母填空、单词适当形式填空等题型强化基础，适配课时词汇语法目标| |能力提升|语篇理解（完形填空/阅读理解）、综合应用（推理判断、段落大意）|选取乔戈里峰、珠穆朗玛峰等自然主题语篇，通过完形考查语境词汇运用，阅读题培养信息提取与逻辑分析能力，体现从单一到综合的进阶|

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature Section B (1a-1e) 基础夯实 Ⅰ.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺单词 1. The little plant managed to s in the hard environment. 2. In some countries children must travel long d to school each day. 3. It is the highest railway in the world climbing more than 5,000 meters a sea level. 4. It's important to stand up straight and put your s back. 5. Tomorrow's temperature is between ten and fifteen d . 6. This job is dangerous, but someone has to r his life to finish it. 7.For further information on tomorrow's weather c , call the hotline below. Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 8. Finally, those (climb) succeeded in reaching the top of the mountain. 9. The weather here is (change), with sudden storms. 10. Many giant pandas live in the mountains of (north) Sichuan Province. 11.The pink, purple or white flowers are a signal that the plants are nearing (die). 12. He finds it important to learn how to communicate with his (team). 13.Shenzhou-18 was ( success) launched (发射) into space on April 25th, 2024. 14. Children show ( curious) about everything. 15. There were many famous (explore)in the world in history. 16. Spending too much time watching game shows is (simple) a waste of time. Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词 17.渐渐地，太阳从海平面上升起，照亮了整个海滩。 , the sun rose above the sea level and lit up the whole beach. 18.这部纪录片向我们展现了人类探索宇宙的雄心。 The documentary shows us to explore the universe. 能力提升 Ⅳ.完形填空 Have you ever heard of Mount K2 (乔戈里峰)? It is known as the Savage Mountain because many people used to die or get hurt while 19 it. K2 is the second highest mountain in the world after Mount Qomolangma. People hardly climb Mount K2 in 20 . Both storms and cold weather make it 21 to climb this mountain during that time. K2 is famous as one of the most 22 mountains to climb. It is known by different 23 such as Chogori, Dapsang and Mount Godwin Austen. The name Chogori 24 “the king of mountains”. This mountain lies on the border (边界) between Pakistan and China. A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan. The other 25 of the mountain lies in Xinjiang,China. Thomas Montgomerie did the first survey of Mount K2. He named the 26 K2. It was the second peak measured in the Karakoram Range, so the name 27 the number“2”. The best time to climb Mount K2 is between May and September. It 28 about 2 weeks to complete the climbing. 19. A. climbing B. walking C. swimming D. moving 20. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter 21. A. important B. impossible C. silent D. amazing 22. A. difficult B. easy C. interesting D. sleepy 23. A. names B. places C. mountains D. trees 24. A. listens B. shows C. calls D. means 25. A. side B. part C. joy D. nature 26. A. mountain B. people C. river D. protection 27.A.completed B. included C. provided D. depended 28. A. spends B. joins C. takes D. goes V.阅读理解 ①One of the world's most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. It is 8,848.86 meters high and is very dangerous to climb. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. ②The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29,1953. After a long and difficult climb, troubled by heavy snow, freezing wind and the lack of oxygen, they finally reached the top. They could only spend about fifteen minutes on the summit before they had to come down. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. ③Why do so many climbers risk their lives?One of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature. 29. How high is Mount Qomolangma? A.8,848.86 kilometers. B.8,886.48 meters. C.8,848.86 meters. 30. According to the passage, when climbing Mount Qomolangma, what difficulties may climbers meet? A. Thin clouds and heavy storms. B. Freezing weather and thick clouds. C. Heavy storms and lack of water. 31. What does the underlined word“summit” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. top B. side C. foot 32.Match each paragraph with the main ideas. Which of the following is TRUE? A.①-Spirit of climbers;②-Achievements of climbers; ③-Facts and dangers B.①-Achievements of climbers;②-Facts and dangers;③-Spirit of climbers C.①-Facts and dangers;②-Achievements of climbers;③-Spirit of climbers 33. What does the spirit of climbers tell us? A. Never give up. B. All roads lead to Rome. C. Practice makes perfect. 基础夯实 Ⅰ.1. survive 2. distances 3. above 4. shoulders 5. degrees 6. risk 7. conditions Ⅱ.8. climbers 9. changeable 10. northern 11. death 12. teammates 13. successfully 14. curiosity 15. explorers 16. simply Ⅲ.17. Bit by bit 18. human ambition 能力提升 Ⅳ. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了乔戈里峰的相关信息。 19. A 考查现在分词。句意：它作为野蛮巨峰而闻名，因为许多人在攀登它时曾经丢掉性命或受伤。climb攀登; walk 走; swim 游泳; move 移动。根据“many people used to die or get hurt”可知,此处指在爬山的时候。故选 A。 20. D 考查名词。句意：人们几乎不在冬天爬乔戈里峰。 spring 春天; summer 夏天; autumn 秋天; winter冬天。根据“Both storms and cold weather”及选项可推测，人们几乎不在冬天爬乔戈里峰。故选 D。 21. B 考查形容词。句意：暴风雪和寒冷的天气使在那段时间内爬这座山变得不可能。important 重要的；impossible不可能的; silent 安静的; amazing 令人惊喜的。根据“Both storms and cold weather make...”可知，糟糕的天气使爬山变得不可能。故选 B。 22. A 考查形容词。句意：乔戈里峰作为最难爬的山之一而出名。 difficult 困难的; easy 容易的; interesting有趣的; sleepy 困倦的。根据“It is known as the Savage Mountain because many people used to die or get hurt while... it.”可推断,乔戈里峰是最难爬的山之一。故选A。 23. A 考查名词。句意：它以不同的名字闻名，例如Chogori、 Dapsang 和 Mount Godwin Austen。 name 名字; place 地方; mountain 山; tree 树。根据“such as Chogori, Dapsang and Mount Godwin Austen”可知,此处指名字。故选 A。 24. D 考查动词。句意:名字 Chogori 的意思是“群山之王”。 listen 听; show 展示; call 打电话; mean 意思是。“the king of mountains”是对 Chogori 的解释。故选D。 25. B 考查名词。句意：山的另一部分位于中国新疆。side面; part 部分; joy 高兴; nature 自然。根据“Apart of the mountain lies in Pakistan.”可推断,此处指山的另一部分。故选 B。 26. A 27. B 考查动词。句意：它是在喀喇昆仑山脉测量到的第二座山峰,所以名字含数字“2”。complete 完成;include 包含; provide 提供; depend 依靠。根据语境可知，名字含数字“2”。故选 B。 28. C 考查固定句式。句意：完成攀登需要花费大约两个星期。 spend 花费; join 加入; take 费时; go 去。根据“It... about 2 weeks to complete the climbing.”并结合选项可知,此句的结构为“It takes some time to do sth.”,意为“做某事花费……时间”。故选 C。 V. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的高度、攀登的困难，以及登山者的成就和精神。 29. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is 8,848.86meters high”可知,珠穆朗玛峰的高度是 8,848.86米。故选C。 30. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms.”可知，登山者可能遇到的困难包括厚云层、极寒天气和暴风雪。故选B。 31. A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“… they finally reached the top. They could only spend about fifteen minutes on the summit before they had to comedown.”可知，他们到达了山顶，只能在山顶停留大约15分钟, summit和 top含义相近。故选 A。 32. C 段落大意题。通读全文可知，①段介绍珠穆朗玛峰的基本情况和攀登的困难，②段介绍登山者的成就，③段讨论登山者的精神。故选C。 33. A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.”可知,登山者的精神告诉我们永不放弃。故选 A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $