2025-2026学年江苏省高二英语下学期期末考试练习卷

**基本信息** 高二下学期期末英语模拟卷，以科技前沿（如机器人技术）、文化传承（如核雕艺术）及社会热点（如食品科学争议）为情境载体，融合语言能力与思维品质考查，实现基础巩固到创新应用的梯度设计。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|20题/30分|日常交际、校园生活、健康管理、科技发展|通过真实对话（如AI与职业规划独白）考查信息抓取与推理，体现语言能力| |阅读|20题/50分|STEM教育、女性科学家、机器人技术、食品科学争议|语篇设推理题（如Wade动机分析）与词义猜测（如“scrutiny”），培养思维品质| |语言运用|25题/30分|记叙文（城乡生活）、语法填空（核雕艺术）|完形填空考查情感词汇（如“choked”“refreshment”），语法填空融入传统文化，提升文化意识| |写作|2题/40分|邮件推荐文化项目、故事续写（演讲克服困难）|邮件考查跨文化交际能力，续写通过祖孙互动培养叙事逻辑与学习能力|

听力考试正式开始。The library website is so confusing. I've been trying to reserve a seat for half an hour, but keep getting an error message. Maybe you should refresh the page or ask the staff at the front desk for help. The library website is so confusing. I've been trying to reserve a seat for half an hour, but keep getting an error message. Maybe you should refresh the page or ask the staff at the front desk for help. Listen to the next question. The tickets to the concert are forty dollars each, but if we buy two, there's a twenty five percent account on the total. Great, let's get two. then. The tickets . to the concert are forty dollars each, but if we buy two is a twenty five percent account on the total. great. Let's get to then. Listen to the next question. Your experience is impressive, but we are looking for someone with more experience in engineering design. I understand I previously worked in two companies, and i'm a quick learner. Your experience is impressive, but we are looking for someone with more experience in engineering design. I understand I previously worked in two companies, and i'm a quick learner. Listen to the next question. You're late. The presentation started ten minutes ago. I'm so sorry. I left home early, but my car wouldn't start. So I had to take the bus, which was extremely slow. You're late. The presentation started ten minutes ago. I'm so sorry. I left home early, but my car wouldn't start, so I had to take the bus, which was extremely slow. Listen to the next question. What would you like to do this weekend? Have you seen the local news? The mountains are covered in snow. Now IT would be a perfect time for skiing. Sounds great. Let's check the hotel Prices and see if we can head there this saturday. What would you like to do this weekend? Have you seen the local news? The mountains are covered in snow. Now IT would be a perfect time for skin. Sounds great. Let's check the hotel Prices and see if we can head there this saturday. Listen to the next question. Hey, Sarah, are you planning to take the digital marketing course next semester? I'm considering IT give in the current job market. IT seems much more useful than the history course I took last year. That's true. Professor Collins is very strict, though. He expects a twenty page project by the end of the term. Do you think I should go for IT anyway? If I were you, I definitely spend some time going over the basic concepts during the winter break. IT will make your life much easier when the class is actually start. Good point. I'll ask him for a reading list before the holiday begins. Hey, Sarah, are you planning to take the digital marketing course next semester? I'm considering IT. Given the current job market, IT seems much more useful than the history course I took last year. That's true. Professor Collins is very strict, though expects a twenty page project by the end of the term. Do you think I should go for IT anyway? If I were you, I definitely spend some time going over the basic concepts during the winter break. IT will make your life much easier when the class is . actually start. Good point. I'll ask him for a reading list before . the . holiday begins. Listen to the next question. You look exhausted, David. Didn't you get enough sleep last night? I went to bed at half past the weapon, but I just couldn't fall asleep. I kept waking up every hour or so. That's terrible. Were you drinking coffee late the evening? No, but I was looking through social media on my phone. There's your problem. The blue light from the screen tricks your brain into thinking it's daytime. You really should leave your phone in another room at least thirty minutes before you plan to sleep. I heard that before, but I usually use my phone to set the alarm. Maybe I should buy a traditional clock exactly. try IT for a week, and you'll feel the difference. You look exhausted. David, didn't you get enough sleep last night? I went to bed at half past the weather, but I just couldn't fall asleep. I kept waking up every hour. so that's terrible. Were you drinking coffee late the evening? No, but I was looking through social media on my phone. There's your problem. The blue light from the screen tricks your brain into thinking it's daytime. You really should leave your phone in another room at least thirty minutes before you plan to sleep. I heard that before, but I usually use my phone to set the alarm. Maybe I should buy a traditional clock exactly. try IT for a week, and you'll feel the difference. Listen to the next question. Excuse me, i'm here to check if anyone turned into a wallet. I think I left IT on the bench near the fountain about an hour ago. Let me see. We've had a few items turned in this afternoon. Can you describe IT? It's a blue one with some flower patterns on the surface. It's not very big, I see. Does that have a gold ring or a leather string? Neither IT just has a small button. okay. And what was inside IT? There's about fifty pounds and cash and my library card, oh, and a photo of my dog. My student ID was in my coat pocket, thank goodness. Is this is a Young man found a new the . community centers cafe. Yes, that's the one. Thank you so much. Excuse me, i'm here to check if anyone turned into a wallet. I think I left IT on the bench near the fountain about an hour ago. Let me see we've had a few items turned in this afternoon. Can you describe IT? It's a blue one with some flower patterns on the surface. It's not very big. I see. Does IT have a gold ring or a leather string. Neither IT just has a small button. okay. And what was incited? This is about fifty pounds in cash and my library card. Oh, and a photo of my dog. My student ID was in my coat pocket, thank goodness. Is this is a Young man found a near the community . centers cafe. Yes, that's the one. Thank you so much. Listen to the next question. Welcome back, Jason. I heard you spent your summer vacation volunteering in a mountain village. Was IT for your social practice credits? Actually, no, i've always wanted to become a teacher, so I thought this would be a great chance to see if I have the potential to be a teacher. That's impressive. How was the environment there? I imagine the living conditions were quite tough. They were. We had to a Carry water from a well every morning, but that wasn't . the hardest part. What was IT the language? No, most people there could understand my english or basic chinese. The real struggle was the unstable internet connection. I have prepared many online videos and digital materials for the kids, but I could rarely play them. Had to change my teaching plan on the spot I see. Will you go back there again? I love to, but i've promised my parents to work in my uncles company next summer to learn some business skills. By the way, i'm planning to organize a fund raising events on campus next week to buy some books for those kids. Welcome back, Jason. I heard you spent your summer vacation volunteering in a mountain village. Was IT for your social practice credits? Actually, no, i've always wanted to become a teacher, so I thought this would be a great chance to see if I have the potential to be a teacher. That's impressive. How is the environment there? I imagine the living conditions were quite tough. They were. We had to a Carry water from a well every morning, but that wasn't . the hardest part. What was IT the language? No, most people there could understand my english or basic chinese. The real struggle was the unstable internet connection. I prepared many online videos and digital materials for the kids, but I could rarely play them. Had to change my teaching plan on the spot I see. Will you go back there again? I love to, but i've promised my parents to work in my uncle company next summer to learn some business skills. By the way, i'm planning to organize a fund raising event on campus next week to buy some books for those kids. Listen to the next question. Good morning, everyone. As a professional who helps you make informed decisions about your career path, i'm often asked, what should I major in to avoid being replaced by robots? It's a valid fear. A ee is already outperforming humans in data analysis and even basic programming. However, don't panic. AI is great at logic, but IT lacks the human touch. In the future job market, the most valued skill won't be your ability to memorize facts or calculate numbers. Instead, IT will be your emotional intelligence, the ability to understand, manage and influence emotions while AI can process information IT cannot truly empathy with a client or resolve a conflict between teammates with genuine feelings. My advice to you is not to compete with machines in areas where they are stronger, instead hug technology and use AI as a tool to free yourself from repetitive tasks. This will allow you to focus on more creative and interpersonal work. Remember, the world will always need people who can think critically and connect with others at a deep level final in this fast changing era. Your most powerful weapon is lifelong learning, never stopping a student even after you graduate. Good morning, everyone. As a professional who helps you make informed decisions about your career path, i'm often asked, what should I major in to avoid being replaced by robots? It's a valid fear. A ee is already outperforming humans in data analysis and even basic programing. However, don't panic. AI is great logic, but IT lacks the human touch. In the future job market, the most valued skill won't be your ability to memorize facts or calculate numbers. Instead, IT will be your emotional intelligence, the ability to understand, manage and influence emotions while AI can process information IT cannot truly empathy with a client or resolve a conflict between teammates with genuine feelings. My advice to you is not to compete with machines in areas where they are stronger, instead hug technology and use AI as a tool to free yourself from repetitive tasks. This will allow you to focus on more creative and interpersonal work. Remember, the world will always need people who can think critically and connect with others at a deep level. Finally, in this fast changing era, your most powerful weapon is lifelong learning. Never stop in a student even after you graduate. 听力部分到此结束。 绝密★考试结束前 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．What is the man doing? A．Making a complaint. B．Looking for a book. C．Asking for directions. 【答案】A 【原文】M: The library website is so confusing. I’ve been trying to reserve a seat for half an hour but keep getting an error message. W: Maybe you should refresh the page or ask the staff at the front desk for help. 2．How much will the speakers pay in total? A．$40. B．$60. C．$80. 【答案】B 【原文】W: The tickets to the concert are $40 each, but if we buy two, there’s a 25% discount on the total. M: Great! Let’s get two then. 3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Interviewer and interviewee. B．Teacher and student. C．Doctor and patient. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Your experience is impressive, but we are looking for someone with more experience in engineering design. W: I understand. I previously worked in two companies and I’m a quick learner. 4．Why was the woman late? A．She fell ill. B．She forgot the time. C．Her car broke down. 【答案】C 【原文】M: You’re late! The presentation started ten minutes ago. W: I’m so sorry. I left home early, but my car wouldn’t start, so I had to take the bus, which was extremely slow. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A piece of local news. B．A hotel in the mountain. C．A weekend trip plan. 【答案】C 【原文】M: What would you like to do this weekend? W: Have you seen the local news? The mountains are covered in snow now. It would be a perfect time for skiing. M: Sounds great! Let’s check the hotel prices and see if we can head there this Saturday. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What does the woman think of the Digital Marketing course? A．It’s too demanding. B．It’s practical for her career. C．It’s more interesting than expected. 7．What should the woman do according to the man? A．Change her major. B．Talk to the professor. C．Read some background materials. 【答案】6．B 7．C 【原文】M: Hey, Sarah! Are you planning to take the Digital Marketing course next semester? W: I’m considering it. Given the current job market, it seems much more useful than the history course I took last year. M: That’s true. Professor Collins is very strict, though. He expects a 20-page project by the end of the term. W: Do you think I should go for it anyway? M: If I were you, I’d definitely spend some time going over the basic concepts during the winter break. It will make your life much easier when the classes actually start. W: Good point. I’ll ask him for a reading list before the holiday begins. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．What was the man’s problem? A．He woke up frequently at night. B．He felt tired despite a long sleep. C．He drank coffee late in the evening. 9．What does the woman advise the man to do? A．Go to bed early. B．Reduce the noise at home. C．Put away the phone before bed. 10．What does the man plan to do? A．Postpone his alarms. B．Sleep in a different room. C．Get a traditional alarm clock. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．C 【原文】W: You look exhausted, David. Didn’t you get enough sleep last night? M: I went to bed at half past eleven, but I just couldn’t fall asleep. I kept waking up every hour or so. W: That’s terrible. Were you drinking coffee late in the evening? M: No, but I was looking through social media on my phone. W: There’s your problem. The blue light from the screen tricks your brain into thinking it’s daytime. You really should leave your phone in another room at least thirty minutes before you plan to sleep. M: I’ve heard that before, but I usually use my phone to set the alarm. Maybe I should buy a traditional clock. W: Exactly. Try it for a week and you’ll feel the difference. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At a community center. B．At a department store. C．At a lost-and-found office. 12．What does the woman’s wallet look like? A．It’s black with a gold ring. B．It’s blue with some patterns. C．It’s brown with a leather string. 13．What was inside the wallet besides money? A．A library card. B．A gym card. C．A student ID． 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．A 【原文】W: Excuse me, I’m here to check if anyone turned in a wallet. I think I left it on the bench near the fountain about an hour ago. M: Let me see... We’ve had a few items turned in this afternoon. Can you describe it? W: It’s a blue one with some flower patterns on the surface. It’s not very big. M: I see. Does it have a gold ring or a leather string? W: Neither. It just has a small button. M: Okay. And what was inside it? W: There’s about 50 pounds in cash, and my library card. Oh, and a photo of my dog. My student ID was in my coat pocket, thank goodness. M: Is this it? A young man found it near the community center’s cafe. W: Yes! That’s the one. Thank you so much! 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．Why did the man choose the volunteer work? A．To travel to a remote area. B．To fulfill a graduation requirement. C．To check if he is fit to be a teacher. 15．What was the biggest challenge for the man? A．The language barrier. B．The poor Internet connection. C．The lack of clean water. 16．What will the man do next summer? A．Start a part-time job. B．Return to the same village. C．Organize a fundraising event. 【答案】14．C 15．B 16．A 【原文】W: Welcome back, Jason! I heard you spent your summer vacation volunteering in a mountain village. Was it for your social practice credits? M: Actually, no. I’ve always wanted to become a teacher, so I thought this would be a great chance to see if I have the potential to be a teacher. W: That’s impressive. How was the environment there? I imagine the living conditions were quite tough. M: They were. We had to carry water from a well every morning. But that wasn’t the hardest part. W: What was it? The language? M: No, most people there could understand my English or basic Chinese. The real struggle was the unstable Internet connection. I had prepared many online videos and digital materials for the kids, but I could rarely play them. I had to change my teaching plan on the spot. W: I see. Will you go back there again? M: I’d love to, but I’ve promised my parents to work in my uncle’s company next summer to learn some business skills. By the way, I’m planning to organize a fundraising event on campus next week to buy some books for those kids. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speaker’s occupation? A．A career consultant. B．A computer engineer. C．A news reporter. 18．What will be most valued in the future? A．Programming ability. B．Emotional intelligence. C．Data analysis. 19．What does the speaker say about AI? A．It will replace most human jobs. B．It can help with repetitive tasks. C．It may become better at empathy. 20．What is the speaker’s last suggestion? A．Focus on lifelong learning. B．Master at least two languages. C．Work for a big tech company. 【答案】17．A 18．B 19．B 20．A 【原文】 W: Good morning, everyone. As a professional who helps you make informed decisions about your career path, I'm often asked, " What should I major in to avoid being replaced by robots?” It's a valid fear. AI is already outperforming humans in data analysis and even basic programming. However, don't panic. AI is great at logic, but it lacks " the human touch”. In the future job market, the most valued skill won't be your ability to memorize facts or calculate numbers. Instead, it will be your emotional intelligence — the ability to understand, manage, and influence emotions. While AI can process information, it cannot truly empathize with a client or resolve a conflict between teammates with genuine feelings. My advice to you is not to compete with machines in areas where they are stronger. Instead, hug technology and use AI as a tool to free yourself from repetitive tasks. This will allow you to focus on more creative and interpersonal work. Remember, the world will always need people who can think critically and connect with others at a deep level. Finally, in this fast-changing era, your most powerful weapon is lifelong learning. Never stop being a student, even after you graduate. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Exploring Robots in Summer Camps How can we inspire children to enjoy learning in today’s technology-driven world? One effective answer is summer robotics camps. Robotics offers an exciting way to introduce young learners to STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math). What Is Summer Robotics Camp? A summer robotics camp provides a fun and educational experience during the holidays. Children learn to build robots and practice basic programming in an interactive and enjoyable environment. What Makes Summer Robotics Camp the Perfect Choice for Children? Hands-on Learning One of the biggest advantages is learning by doing. Instead of relying on textbooks, children explore STEM concepts through real projects and experiments. Early Exposure to Technology These camps help prepare students for the future by introducing them to important technologies at an early age, building a strong foundation for further study. Skill Development Participants improve teamwork and communication skills by working together on challenging tasks. They also learn how to solve problems and celebrate success with others. Fun and Creativity Robotics camps encourage imagination and curiosity. Whether designing robots or joining competitions, children can express their ideas and enjoy the learning process. Projects and Activities At robotics camps, children take part in a variety of engaging tasks that help them grow in different ways: • Building robots based on their own creative ideas. • Testing robotic systems through hands-on practice. • Learning basic machine design, such as how motors and structures work. • Working with teammates to solve problems and improve designs. • Developing a positive attitude toward technology through enjoyable activities. 21．What can children do at summer robotics camps? A．Read textbooks about science. B．Learn to program and make robots. C．Join in international robot competitions. D．Take exams on engineering knowledge. 22．How do robotics camps teach STEM subjects? A．Through lab experiments. B．By watching online videos. C．Through practical operations. D．By studying related textbooks. 23．What can participants obtain from this camp? A．Teamwork spirit. B．Creative ideas. C．Critical thoughts. D．Job opportunities. 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A 【导语】本文介绍暑期机器人夏令营，说明其学习内容、各项优势与活动形式，展现该营地能助力孩子掌握科技知识、综合提升个人能力。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Children learn to build robots and practice basic programming in an interactive and enjoyable environment. (孩子们在趣味互动的环境中学习搭建机器人，练习基础编程。)”可知，孩子可以学习编程与制作机器人。 22．细节理解题。根据方框内Hands-on Learning中“Instead of relying on textbooks, children explore STEM concepts through real projects and experiments. (孩子们不依靠课本，而是通过实际项目与实操探究理工科知识。)”可知，营地依托实际操作讲授理工科课程。 23．细节理解题。根据方框内Skill Development中“Participants improve teamwork and communication skills by working together on challenging tasks. (参与者协作完成难题，能够提升团队合作与沟通能力。)”可知，学员可以收获团队协作精神。 B Since 2018, British physicist Jessica Wade has been writing Wikipedia articles to elevate the profiles of female scientists. This initiative was inspired after she met climate researcher Kim Cobb at a conference. Impressed by Cobb’s work, Wade was horrified to find no Wikipedia page for her. That’s when Wade made the decision to write the first of many biographies (传记). Since then, Wade has dedicated herself to increasing diversity in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics). In less than a decade, she has created over 2,000 Wikipedia entries. Her focus is on women and other underrepresented scientists who have been overlooked. She highlighted a significant gap in a 2024 podcast, noting that while women make up 51% of the global population, only about 19% of English Wikipedia biographies are about women across all professions. Through her research, Wade has rediscovered numerous pioneers. These include Dawn Shaughnessy, part of a team that discovered five super-heavy elements; Roma Agrawal, the lead engineer for London’s Shard skyscraper; and Gladys West, a Black mathematician whose work is crucial for GPS technology. Wade’s efforts have earned her recognition, including a TEDx Talk, the Rosalind Franklin Award, and praise from Wikipedia’s founder, Jimmy Wales. However, Wade’s mission has faced opposition. Her biography on Clarice Phelps, a Black nuclear chemist involved in discovering a new element, faced scrutiny and even deletion threats from other Wikipedia editors. Wade successfully fought to keep the entry online. Wade argues that the lack of diversity in science is not just unfair but negatively impacts research and innovation. Citing data from the American Association of University Women, she points out that women comprise only 26% of the STEM workforce, with Black and Hispanic (西班牙裔) women accounting for just 2% of engineers. She challenges the assumption that girls lack inspiration, stating that girls are already interested in science, and the key is to increase the proportion of women who stay in the field. 24．What motivated Wade to write her first Wikipedia entry? A．Her desire to win scientific awards. B．Her passion for promoting scientists. C．A request from Wikipedia’s founder. D．A noted scientist lacking Wikipedia page. 25．What was the main focus of Wade’s contributions to Wikipedia? A．The scientific discoveries in the 21st century. B．The careers of Black and Hispanic researchers. C．The work of women and other ignored scientists. D．The lives of the Rosalind Franklin Award winners. 26．What does the underlined word “scrutiny” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Public praise. B．Warm support. C．Complete rejection. D．Thorough review. 27．What does the last paragraph present? A．Wade’s main achievements. B．Wade’s opinions on scientific circles. C．The necessity of enhancing diversity in STEM. D．The recognition Wade has received in STEM. 【答案】24．D 25．C 26．D 27．C 【导语】本文主要讲述英国物理学家杰西卡・韦德坚持在维基百科为被忽视的女性科学家撰写词条，以此提升她们知名度，并阐述此举的意义与遭遇的阻碍。 【详解】24．细节理解题。 根据第一段中的“Impressed by Cobb’s work, Wade was horrified to find no Wikipedia page for her. That’s when Wade made the decision to write the first of many biographies (传记).(对Cobb的工作印象深刻，Wade惊恐地发现维基百科上没有她的页面。就在那时，Wade决定写下众多传记中的第一篇。)”可知，促使Wade撰写第一篇维基百科词条的原因是她发现一位著名科学家没有维基百科页面。 25．细节理解题。 根据第二段中的“Her focus is on women and other underrepresented scientists who have been overlooked.(她的重点是那些被忽视的女性和其他代表性不足的科学家。)”可知，Wade对维基百科贡献的主要内容是关于女性及其他被忽视的科学家的工作。 26．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Wade’s mission has faced opposition. Her biography on Clarice Phelps... faced scrutiny and even deletion threats from other Wikipedia editors. Wade successfully fought to keep the entry online.(Wade的使命遭到了反对。她撰写的关于Clarice Phelps的传记……面临着其他维基百科编辑的scrutiny，甚至删除威胁。Wade成功争取将该词条保留在网上。)”可知，由于她的使命面临反对，其他编辑对她写的词条进行了严格的审查，甚至威胁要删除。“scrutiny”意为“仔细审查”，与“Thorough review”意思相近。 27．主旨大意题。 根据最后一段中的“Wade argues that the lack of diversity in science is not just unfair but negatively impacts research and innovation.(Wade认为，科学领域缺乏多样性不仅不公平，而且对研究和创新产生负面影响。)”以及她引用的数据和对“女孩缺乏激励/灵感”这一假设的反驳可知，最后一段主要呈现的是增强STEM领域多样性的必要性。 C “It’s been a dream of mine for many, many years to design a new robotic hand,” says Aude Billard, a robotics and artificial intelligence researcher at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne. “It’s allowing people to think out of the box, to rethink what it is to have a hand or finger.” Billard and her colleagues used a type of machine learning tool called a genetic algorithm (遗传算法), which showed how different combinations of robot features would work together. That allowed the team to gradually come up with several plans for roughly hand-shaped bots that could hold and carry objects. The researchers then built a five-fingered and a six-fingered version in the lab. When attached to the mechanical arm, the robotic hand could pick up objects much like a human hand. The robot held a ball between two fingers, wrapped four fingers around a metal rod and held a flat plate between fingers and palm (手掌). The fingers bend backward just as easily as forward, allowing the robot to hold objects against both sides of its palm. The study “is a beautiful example of what you can achieve if you approach robotic design without being weighed down by all the limits of the human factor,” says Matei Ciocarlie, a mechanical engineer at Columbia University who wasn’t involved in the research. The robotic hand can separate itself from a robotic arm, take one or more objects out of the arm’s reach and bring them back. Researchers say the hand could access places that human-like arms can’t reach, such as inside industrial pipes. The robot could one day aid in industrial inspections of pipes and equipment too small for a human or larger robot to access. It might take objects in a warehouse (仓库) or navigate confined spaces in disaster response efforts. Further research is needed to understand how human brains would control and respond to limbs that don’t match human body structure. 28．How does Aude Billard introduce her new robotic hand at the beginning? A．By sharing a dream. B．By listing its functions. C．By explaining its principle. D．By comparing it with human hands. 29．What is a special feature of the new robotic hand? A．It is the first hand-shaped bot. B．It has more fingers and moves fast. C．It only works with a mechanical arm. D．Its fingers bend freely forward and backward. 30．Why does the author mention industrial pipes? A．To stress the need to improve equipment. B．To show the transport ability of the robotic hand. C．To explain the difficult design of the robotic hand. D．To illustrate the advantage of the robotic hand in narrow spaces. 31．What can we learn about the robot from the last paragraph? A．It can replace humans in life. B．It needs further research for use. C．It has been widely used in warehouses. D．It has solved the brain control problem. 【答案】28．A 29．D 30．D 31．B 【导语】文章主要介绍Aude Billard团队研发新型机械手的过程、其特性、专家评价及未来应用前景，以及仍需进一步研究的方向。 28．细节理解题。根据第一段中的““It’s been a dream of mine for many, many years to design a new robotic hand,” says Aude Billard, a robotics and artificial intelligence researcher at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne.(洛桑瑞士联邦理工学院的机器人学和人工智能研究员奥德·比利亚德说：“设计一种新型机械手是我多年来的梦想。”)”可知，Aude Billard一开始通过分享自己的梦想来介绍新型机械手。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The fingers bend backward just as easily as forward, allowing the robot to hold objects against both sides of its palm.(手指向后弯曲和向前弯曲一样容易，这使得机器人能够用手掌的两侧握住物体)”可知，这种新型机械手的一个特殊特征是它的手指可以自由地前后弯曲。 30．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Researchers say the hand could access places that human-like arms can’t reach, such as inside industrial pipes.(研究人员说，这种机械手可以进入类人手臂无法到达的地方，比如工业管道内部)”可知，作者提到工业管道是为了说明机械手在狭窄空间中的优势。 31．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Further research is needed to understand how human brains would control and respond to limbs that don’t match human body structure.(还需要进一步研究，以了解人类大脑如何控制和响应与人体结构不匹配的肢体)”可知，这种机器人需要进一步研究才能投入使用。 D In recent years, public health and nutrition experts want to make Americans healthier and they are targeting ultra-processed foods. But here’s the dilemma: they can’t even agree on the benefits and harms of ultra-processed foods. The term ultra-processed food was developed by Brazilian researchers to describe the level of processing foods undergo. They came up with the NOVA classification system. On one end of the system, there’s unprocessed or minimally processed foods-such as an apple or frozen peas. On the other end, there’s ultra-processed foods, which contain additives like artificial colors, flavors and preservatives. Think processed packaged cookies and candies, sweetened drinks and frozen ready meals. “Evidence shows that consumption of ultra-processed foods leads to a host of health harms-including an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, obesity, certain cancers and even depression,” warns Dariush Mozaffarian, head of the Food & Medicine Institute at Tufts University. On the other side of the debate, you have people like Julia Wolfson, a professor of Johns Hopkins University, who think the focus should be on the overall nutritional quality of foods. “Not all foods that fit the definition of ultra-processed are unhealthy,” she argues. “For instance, packaged wholegrain breads and some yogurts are considered ultra-processed, but they can be beneficial for health. I think it’s important to identify foods that are of most concern for health, and not just treat all ultra-processed foods with the same broad brush.” If experts are disagreeing about exactly what to do, what can the average consumer do? “Get in the habit of reading ingredient lists. If it’s really long and full of flavors and colorings, try to find an alternative product with the fewest of those ingredients that you don’t know and can’t pronounce,” says Wolfson. “You might not always find an option that’s not ultra-processed, but you can try to maximize the nutrition and minimize the processed ingredients.” 32．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2? A．Summarize the previous paragraph. B．Add some background information. C．Provide some advice for the readers. D．Introduce a new scientific definition. 33．What is Dariush Mozaffarian’s attitude to ultra-processed foods? A．Tolerant. B．Objective. C．Favorable. D．Disapproving. 34．What would Julia Wolfson most probably suggest we do? A．Select foods with the fewest additives. B．Avoid even minimally processed food. C．Check each item on the ingredient list. D．Choose foods that are beautifully colored. 35．What is the best title for the text? A．Not All Processed Foods Should Be Treated as Equals B．Experts Still Struggle to Define Ultra-Processed Foods C．Opinions Are Sharply Divided About Ultra-Processed Foods D．Strict Guidelines Should Be Issued to Regulate Food Processing 【答案】32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C 【导语】文章主要讨论了关于超加工食品的争议，专家们对其利弊存在分歧，并给出了消费者应对建议。 【详解】32．推理判断题。根据第二段“The term ultra-processed food was developed by Brazilian researchers to describe the level of processing foods undergo. They came up with the NOVA classification system. On one end of the system, there’s unprocessed or minimally processed foods-such as an apple or frozen peas. On the other end, there’s ultra-processed foods, which contain additives like artificial colors, flavors and preservatives. Think processed packaged cookies and candies, sweetened drinks and frozen ready meals.(“超加工食品”一词是由巴西研究人员发明的，用来描述食品加工的程度。他们提出了NOVA分类系统。在这个系统的一端，是未经加工或最少加工的食物，如苹果或冷冻豌豆。在另一端，是超加工食品，其中含有添加剂，如人工色素、香料和防腐剂。想想加工过的包装饼干和糖果、甜味饮料和冷冻即食食品)”可知，作者在第二段帮助理解什么是“超加工食品”，旨在为读者提供相关的背景信息。 33．推理判断题。根据第三段““Evidence shows that consumption of ultra-processed foods leads to a host of health harms-including an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, obesity, certain cancers and even depression,” warns Dariush Mozaffarian, head of the Food & Medicine Institute at Tufts University.(塔夫茨大学食品与药物研究所所长Dariush Mozaffarian警告说：“有证据表明，食用超加工食品会导致一系列健康危害，包括增加患2型糖尿病、肥胖、某些癌症甚至抑郁症的风险。”)”可知，Dariush Mozaffarian认为超加工食品对健康有害，因此他对其持反对态度。 34．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Julia Wolfson的话“Get in the habit of reading ingredient lists. If it’s really long and full of flavors and colorings, try to find an alternative product with the fewest of those ingredients that you don’t know and can’t pronounce.(养成阅读成分表的习惯。如果配料表很长，而且充满了香料和色素，那就试着找一种替代品，用那些你不认识、不会发音的成分最少的替代品)”可知，Julia Wolfson建议选择添加剂少的食物。 35．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“In recent years, public health and nutrition experts want to make Americans healthier and they are targeting ultra-processed foods. But here’s the dilemma: they can’t even agree on the benefits and harms of ultra-processed foods. (近年来，公共卫生和营养专家希望让美国人更健康，他们正将矛头对准超加工食品。但问题在于：他们甚至无法就超加工食品的益处和危害达成一致)”、第三段中Dariush Mozaffarian指出超加工食品导致多种健康危害和第四段中Julia Wolfson认为“Not all foods that fit the definition of ultra-processed are unhealthy (并非所有符合超加工定义的食品都不健康)”可知，本文主要围绕专家们对超加工食品的严重分歧展开。故C项“Opinions Are Sharply Divided About Ultra-Processed Foods (关于超加工食品的意见存在严重分歧)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate? It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. 36 However, understanding how to achieve it and identifying what distracts (使分心) you can make a big difference. Scientists have explored the reasons behind our tendency to delay tasks and summarized a range of methods to help us stay focused. 37 Research by Science Focus magazine shows that silence is best for concentration; alternatively, soft background sounds or coffee shop atmosphere also works well. Additionally, the study found that turning off notifications on your phone removes a major distraction. 38 Another effective strategy to stay focused is brain training. Attention researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions. 39 For example, when attending online lectures, you can try taking notes of the speaker’s words while listening, which combines auditory (听觉) input with visual and writing actions, leaving little mental space for outside distractions. There are also more practical tips to maintain focus. These include making a list or timetable of the tasks you have to do, finding a workspace where you don’t have an urge to do other things, or tapping your fingers gently on the table. 40 Science Focus magazine points out, “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.” A．It might be easy for you to stay focused. B．Interestingly, distraction isn’t entirely negative. C．Schedule complex tasks during your energy peaks. D．Staying focused remains a challenge even in adult life. E．Thus, keeping your mind fully engaged might be the key. F．Switching it off entirely also helps us focus on the task at hand. G．One of the most straightforward approaches is eliminating noise. 【答案】36．D 37．G 38．F 39．E 40．B 【导语】文章主要介绍保持专注的方法，如消除噪音、脑训练及实用技巧，并指出分心在生存层面亦有重要价值。 【详解】36．上文“When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate? It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about.(当你还在上学的时候，有没有人曾要求你停止做白日梦，集中注意力呢？如果对所学的内容不感兴趣，或者心里想着更重要的事情，那么你的思绪很容易就会游离开来)”描述了学生时代注意力难以集中的普遍现象。空后“However, understanding how to achieve it and identifying what distracts (使分心) you can make a big difference.(然而，理解如何实现专注并识别干扰因素会带来很大不同)”通过转折引出专注的可实现性。空处与上文为顺接关系，进一步说明专注的难度。选项D“Staying focused remains a challenge even in adult life(即使在成年生活中，保持专注仍然是一项挑战)”承接上文，说明专注难的问题不仅限于学生时代，且与后文构成转折逻辑，符合语境。 37．上文“Scientists have explored the reasons behind our tendency to delay tasks and summarized a range of methods to help us stay focused.(科学家们已经探究了我们拖延任务这一现象背后的原因，并总结出了一系列有助于我们保持专注的方法)”总领下文。空后“Research by Science Focus magazine shows that silence is best for concentration; alternatively, soft background sounds or coffee shop atmosphere also works well.(《科学聚焦》杂志的研究表明，安静的环境最有利于集中注意力；此外，柔和的背景音或者咖啡馆的氛围也效果不错)”具体阐述了声音环境对专注的影响。空处承上启下，引出具体的环境调节方法。选项G“One of the most straightforward approaches is eliminating noise(最直接的方法之一是消除噪音)”中的“eliminating noise”与后文的“silence”、“soft background sounds”及“turning off notifications”相呼应，符合语境。 38．上文“Additionally, the study found that turning off notifications on your phone removes a major distraction.(此外，研究发现关闭手机通知能消除主要干扰)”提出了关闭通知的建议。空处应进一步说明此举的效果。选项F“Switching it off entirely also helps us focus on the task at hand(完全关掉它也有助于我们专注于手头的任务)”中的“it”指代前文的“phone”，进一步强化了关闭干扰源对专注的积极作用，符合语境。 39．上文“Attention researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.(伦敦大学学院的研究员尼利·拉维发现，增加任务的视觉难度会占用更多的处理能力，从而使大脑没有剩余的精力来处理干扰信息)”阐述了通过增加认知负荷来排除干扰的原理。空后“For example, when attending online lectures, you can try taking notes of the speaker’s words while listening, which combines auditory (听觉) input with visual and writing actions, leaving little mental space for outside distractions.(例如，在参加线上讲座时，你可以尝试在听讲的同时记录演讲者的话语，这样就把听觉输入与视觉和书写动作结合了起来，从而减少了大脑中可能被外界干扰占据的思考空间)”举例说明如何通过多重任务保持大脑忙碌。空处是对上文原理的总结，并引出下文的例子。选项E“Thus, keeping your mind fully engaged might be the key(因此，让大脑保持充分忙碌可能是关键)”是对上文“leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions”的同义转述，符合语境。 40．空后“Science Focus magazine points out, “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”(《科学聚焦》杂志指出：“如果我们总是全神贯注，从不分心，那么我们就可能会错过周围环境中的潜在变化，比如威胁之类的。分心对于生存来说是至关重要的。”)”转而论述分心的积极意义。空处起承上启下的转折作用。选项B“Interestingly, distraction isn’t entirely negative(有趣的是，分心并不完全是负面的)”完美衔接了上文的专注技巧与下文的分心价值，符合语境。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was born in a rural town. Life there was simple yet 41 — unspoken rules governed everything and new ideas were rarely tolerated. I felt caged and 42 by the humble houses, the rough roads, and even the endless stretches of cornfields. Even more unacceptably, independence wasn’t exactly celebrated there, and I had to follow a 43 path, a life defined by tradition. So I 44 — far away to a big city. City life was really 45 . I threw myself into new experiences — 46 new cafes, visiting galleries and playing AR games… — to enjoy my hard-won independence. Yet gradually, beneath the city’s restless energy, a huge 47 from not belonging swallowed my heart. The constant motion of city life wasn’t sustainable, and I needed to go back to my 48 . Years later, I returned to the place I once 49 . To my surprise, while I had changed, so had my hometown, with small, welcoming 50 everywhere: tall buildings stood towering and various shops lined the widened streets. The cornfields, once symbols of all I longed to escape, became spaces for reflection, progress, and finally 51 . Admittedly, I feared being labeled a “failure” in city life, yet no such 52 came — only quiet understanding, or, 53 , you could say. This homecoming, 54 , was not just a return, but a(n) 55 of the soul, empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life on my own land. 41．A．stable B．addictive C．rigid D．confusing 42．A．ashamed B．puzzled C．thrilled D．choked 43．A．beaten B．hidden C．smooth D．unfixed 44．A．sat around B．showed off C．took flight D．gained ground 45．A．conventional B．fascinating C．complicated D．tolerable 46．A．buying B．sampling C．renting D．sharing 47．A．emptiness B．guilt C．regret D．concern 48．A．duties B．trips C．roots D．destinations 49．A．recalled B．missed C．chose D．resisted 50．A．qualities B．decorations C．inventions D．transformations 51．A．patience B．growth C．memory D．uniqueness 52．A．belief B．impression C．surprise D．judgment 53．A．empathy B．praise C．promise D．gratitude 54．A．particularly B．secretly C．thankfully D．strangely 55．A．exploration B．appreciation C．description D．refreshment 【答案】 41．C 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．D 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．C 55．D 【导语】6文章讲述了作者出生并成长于一个观念传统、令人窒息的乡村小镇，为了追寻独立生活而逃离到大城市，却在城市的喧嚣中感受到归属感的缺失。多年后作者重返故乡，惊喜地发现家乡早已焕然一新，而这次回归也成为了一次心灵的沉淀与新生。 【详解】41．考查形容词。句意：那里的生活简单却僵化死板——不成文的规则支配着一切，新思想几乎不被容忍。A. stable稳定的；B. addictive上瘾的；C. rigid僵化的，死板的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据下文“unspoken rules governed everything and new ideas were rarely tolerated”可知，这里的生活是僵化、死板的。 42．考查形容词。句意：我感到被简陋的房屋、崎岖的道路，甚至一望无际的玉米地困住和窒息压抑。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. thrilled激动的；D. choked窒息的，压抑的。根据上文的“I felt caged”可知，此处表达作者被这种压抑的环境压得喘不过气、感到窒息的状态。 43．考查形容词。句意：更令人无法接受的是，那里并没有真正推崇独立这一理念，而我不得不遵循一条已被走过的老路，过着一种受传统束缚的生活。A. beaten踏平的；B. hidden隐藏的；C. smooth光滑的；D. unfixed不固定的。根据后文“path, a life defined by tradition”可知，作者被迫遵循一条已被走过的老路。 44．考查动词。句意：所以我逃离了家乡——逃到了很远的大城市。A. sat around闲坐；B. showed off炫耀；C. took flight逃离；D. gained ground取得进展。根据下文“far away to a big city”可知，作者为了摆脱家乡的束缚而逃离。 45．考查形容词。句意：城市生活真的很迷人新鲜。A. conventional传统的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. complicated复杂的；D. tolerable可忍受的。根据下文的“I threw myself into new experiences”可知，作者刚到城市时，对一切充满好奇，觉得城市生活十分迷人。 46．考查动词。句意：我积极投身于各种新奇的体验之中——尝试新的咖啡馆、参观艺术馆以及玩增强现实游戏……以此来享受自己来之不易的独立生活。A. buying购买；B. sampling尝试；C. renting租用；D. sharing分享。根据后文“new cafes”可知，作者尝试新咖啡馆。 47．考查名词。句意：然而渐渐地，在城市永不停歇的活力之下，一种不属于这里的巨大空虚感吞噬了我的心。A. emptiness空虚；B. guilt愧疚；C. regret后悔；D. concern担忧。根据下文的“The constant motion of city life wasn’t sustainable”可知，作者在繁华的城市中始终找不到归属感，内心是空虚的。 48．考查名词。句意：城市生活永不停歇的节奏是不可持续的，我需要回到我的故乡根源。A. duties责任；B. trips旅行；C. roots根，故乡；D. destinations目的地。根据下文“Years later, I returned to the place”可知，作者想要回到自己的故乡，也就是自己的根。 49．考查动词。句意：多年后，我回到了曾经抗拒的地方。A. recalled回忆；B. missed想念；C. chose选择；D. resisted抗拒。根据上文“So I ____ — far away to a big city”可知，这里指作者回到了自己曾经抗拒的地方。 50．考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，在我改变的同时，我的家乡也变了，到处都是令人欣喜的小变化：高楼拔地而起，拓宽的街道两旁林立着各式各样的商店。A. qualities品质；B. decorations装饰；C. inventions发明；D. transformations变化，转变。根据下文“Tall buildings stood towering and various shops lined the widened streets”可知，这些都是家乡发生的变化。 51．考查名词。句意：曾经象征着我渴望逃离的一切的玉米地，如今变成了让人反思、进步，最终获得成长的地方。A. patience耐心；B. growth成长；C. memory记忆；D. uniqueness独特性。根据上文的“reflection, progress”可知，此处应表达玉米地带给作者的正向影响，玉米地让人反思，进步和成长。 52．考查名词。句意：诚然，我害怕被贴上“城市生活失败者”的标签，但并没有这样的评判出现——只有平静的理解，或者，你也可以说，是共情体谅。A. belief信念；B. impression印象；C. surprise惊讶；D. judgment评判。根据上文的“I feared being labeled as a “failure”, yet”可知，作者担心的是他人对自己的负面评判，而这种评判并没有出现。 53．考查名词。句意：诚然，我害怕被贴上“城市生活失败者”的标签，但并没有这样的评判出现——只有平静的理解，或者，你也可以说，是共情体谅。A. empathy共情；B. praise赞扬；C. promise承诺；D. gratitude感激。根据上文的“quiet understanding”可知，此处应与“理解”并列，表达家乡人对作者选择的体谅与共情。 54．考查副词。句意：幸运的是，这次返乡不仅仅是一次回归，更是一次心灵的焕然一新，让我得以扎根故土，在自己的土地上开创新的生活。A. particularly尤其；B. secretly秘密地；C. thankfully幸运的是；D. strangely奇怪地。根据下文的“empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life on my own land”可知，作者对这次返乡的庆幸与感激。 55．考查名词。句意：幸运的是，这次返乡不仅仅是一次回归，更是一次心灵的焕然一新，让我得以扎根故土，在自己的土地上开创新的生活。A. exploration探索；B. appreciation欣赏；C. description描述；D. refreshment焕然一新，恢复活力。根据下文的“empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life”可知，这次返乡让作者的心灵获得了新生。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 In most people’s eyes, the pit (核) of a fruit is waste, but in the hands of a miniaturist (微雕师), this tiny nut can 56 (turn) into a wonder. As both a time­honored and young art, nut carving began to emerge 57 a national cultural heritage in 2008. The complicated process of nut carving is like dancing ballet on the pit, with the main tools being the file, chisel and drill. Nut carving has different styles, 58 (vary) significantly from northern to southern regions. The northern style is mainly practiced in Shandong Province where nut carving is often done on peach pits, the surface layer of 59 is rich in fold texture (纹理) skillfully employed by the miniaturist 60 (carve) vivid three­dimensional shapes. The southern style particularly finds its popularity in Jiangsu Province. When 61 (specific) choosing materials, artists tend to select olive pits with thick outer walls and smooth surfaces, allowing for the 62 (achieve) of fine carvings. Nut carving is young as it has only been trendy for about 20 years, featuring a shift from handicrafts to 63 (fashion) items. Modern aesthetics (审美), 64 (combine) with scientific and technological means, make nut carving works more up­to­date and push the craft to 65 new height. 【答案】 56．be turned 57．as 58．varying 59．which 60．to carve 61．specifically 62．achievement 63．fashionable 64．combined 65．a 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了核雕这一传统与年轻并存的民间艺术，讲述了南北不同流派的特点以及现代审美与科技结合，推动核雕工艺发展的现状。 56．考查语态。句意：在大多数人眼中，果核是废物，但在微雕师手中，这颗小小的果核可以被变成一件珍品。此处表示“在微雕师手中, 这枚小果核可以变为奇迹”。情态动词can后需接动词原形，此处主语nut与动词turn构成被动关系，表示“被转化”， 应用被动语态be turned。故填be turned。 57．考查介词。句意：作为一项历史悠久又充满活力的艺术，核雕于2008年成为国家级非物质文化遗产。emerge as表示“以……身份出现/兴起”。故填as。 58． 考查非谓语动词。句意：核雕有不同风格，南北地区差异显著。句中已有谓语动词has，设空处是非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语styles为主动关系，应用现在分词形式varying。故填varying。 59．考查定语从句。句意：北方流派主要流行于山东，多以桃核为雕刻材料，其表层褶皱纹理丰富，微雕师可巧妙利用这些纹理雕刻出生动的立体造型。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为peach pits，介词of后的关系代词应用which。故填which。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：北方流派主要流行于山东，多以桃核为雕刻材料，其表层褶皱纹理丰富，微雕师可巧妙利用这些纹理雕刻出生动的立体造型。设空处作目的状语，说明“运用纹理的目的”，固定结构“employ sth. to do sth.”意为“利用某物做某事”，所以空处需用动词不定式to carve。故填to carve。 61．考查副词。句意：在具体选择材料时，艺术家倾向于选择外壁厚实、表面光滑的橄榄核，以实现精细雕刻。设空处修饰动词choosing, 应用副词形式specifically。故填specifically。 62．考查名词。句意：在具体选择材料时，艺术家倾向于选择外壁厚实、表面光滑的橄榄核，以实现精细雕刻。设空处前有定冠词the，应用名词形式achievement。故填achievement。 63．考查形容词。句意：核雕是一门年轻的艺术，流行仅约20年，正从手工艺品向时尚品转变。设空处修饰名词items，应用fashion的形容词形式fashionable。故填fashionable。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：现代审美与科技手段相结合，使核雕作品更具时代感，将这门工艺推向新高度。句中已有谓语动词make，设空处是非谓语形式作后置定语，与被修饰词Modern aesthetics为被动关系，表达“被结合”，应用过去分词combined。故填combined。 65．考查冠词。句意：现代审美与科技手段相结合，使核雕作品更具时代感，将这门工艺推向新高度。此处表示“一个新高度”, 为泛指，固定搭配“push ... to a new height”意为“将……推向新高度”。故填a。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．如果你是学生李华，你校国际部计划为下周来访的英国姊妹学校师生举办一场中国文化体验日（Chinese Culture Experience Day）。请你给该活动负责人Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）推荐一个互动体验项目； （2）说明其预期效果。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答； （3）开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, I’m Li Hua, a student from the International Department. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,     I’m Li Hua, a student from the International Department.     I strongly recommend Chinese paper-cutting as the interactive activity, which is easy to learn and full of Chinese traditional beauty. With our guidance, visitors can create their own works using colored paper and scissors, experiencing the charm of folk art in practice.     This project will help them feel traditional culture closely, and I’m sure that this meaningful activity will leave them a deep and pleasant impression, as it allows them to get close to Chinese culture in a vivid way. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生推荐中国文化体验项目，说明其预期效果。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 接近：get close to → approach 传统的：traditional → conventional 创造：create → invent 指导：guidance → instruction 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With our guidance, visitors can create their own works using colored paper and scissors, experiencing the charm of folk art in practice. 拓展句：With our guidance, visitors, who want to experience the charm of folk art in practice, can create their own works using colored paper and scissors. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I strongly recommend Chinese paper-cutting as the interactive activity, which is easy to learn and full of Chinese traditional beauty.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】This project will help them feel traditional culture closely, and I’m sure that this meaningful activity will leave them a deep and pleasant impression, as it allows them to get close to Chinese culture in a vivid way.（运用了that引导的宾语从句、as引导的原因状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lena walked home slowly, her schoolbag feeling heavier than ever. She couldn’t forget how she had frozen in front of her classmates that morning. Their teacher, Mrs. Johnson, had asked each student to give a three-minute presentation about their favorite hobby. When Lena’s turn came, her hands shook so much that her note cards fell to the floor. As she picked them up, her voice became quieter and quieter until she couldn’t speak at all. Mrs. Johnson kindly told her she could stop and asked Lena to stay for a moment after class. “I know you love writing stories, Lena,” Mrs. Johnson said gently. “I read your wonderful article in the school newspaper last week. Would you like to try again tomorrow? I believe you can do it.” Lena nodded, feeling both nervous and grateful for this second chance. That afternoon, the smell of fresh bread welcomed Lena as she opened the front door. Her grandmother stood in the kitchen, wiping her hands on her apron (围裙). Grandmother had been a journalist for many years before retiring. She immediately noticed Lena’s red eyes. “What’s troubling you, my dear?” Grandmother asked, putting a warm arm around Lena’s shoulders. Lena poured out the whole story while they sat at the kitchen table. “I prepared so much, Grandma. I knew every word I wanted to say. But when I saw all those eyes watching me... my mind went completely blank.” Grandmother nodded understandingly. “Come with me to my study,” she said after a moment. “I want to show you something.” In her study, Grandmother opened a wooden box on her desk. Inside, among many photographs and souvenirs, lay a small bronze medal. “This was my first journalism award,” Grandmother said. “I received it forty years ago for a speech that I gave at a big conference. At first, I was so frightened that I practiced for two weeks in front of the mirror!” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lena looked at her grandma, hoping to know more. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, Lena touched the medal in her pocket and walked forward. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Lena looked at her grandma, hoping to know more. “It was true. I was once nervous in front of people, just like you. But I learned that the audience isn’t waiting for you to fail; they’re hoping you’ll share something meaningful,” Grandmother said gently. She placed the medal in Lena’s hand. “Keep this with you tomorrow. If you feel afraid, touch it and remember: you have nothing to fear.” That night, Lena practiced in front of her mirror, glancing now and then at the medal beside her. Each time, she felt a little stronger. The next day, Lena touched the medal in her pocket and walked forward. Twenty pairs of eyes were fixed on her, and for a moment, fear tightened her throat. Then, her fingers found the cool metal edge. She remembered her grandmother’s words. She paused, took a deep breath just as she’d practiced, and continued, “My favorite hobby is writing stories...” Her voice grew clear and firm as she shared her world of stories. When she finished, the class broke into warm applause. Mrs. Johnson nodded with a smile. Lena touched the medal and smiled back. She hadn’t just given a speech — she had found courage she could carry with her, always. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lena在课堂上做爱好演讲时因紧张失败，老师给了她第二次机会。回家后她向当过记者的奶奶倾诉，奶奶分享了自己曾也紧张并赠予她一枚奖章鼓励她。Lena连夜练习，次日凭借勇气顺利完成演讲，不仅克服了恐惧，还找到了伴随一生的勇气。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Lena看着她的奶奶，希望能了解更多”可知，第一段可描写奶奶分享了自己曾也紧张并赠予她一枚奖章鼓励，Lena连夜练习。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天，Lena摸了摸她口袋里的奖章，然后向前走去”可知，第二段可描写Lena次日凭借勇气顺利完成演讲，不仅克服了恐惧，还找到了伴随一生的勇气。 2.续写线索：奶奶分享自身经历——赠送奖章鼓励——Lena连夜练习——Lena完成演讲——Lena感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①放置：place/put ②完成：finish/complete ③想起：remember/recall 情绪类 ①紧张的：nervous/stressed ②害怕的：afraid/frightened 【点睛】[高分句型1] But I learned that the audience isn’t waiting for you to fail（运用了that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] If you feel afraid, touch it and remember: you have nothing to fear.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★考试结束前 2025-2026学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．What is the man doing? A．Making a complaint. B．Looking for a book. C．Asking for directions. 2．How much will the speakers pay in total? A．$40. B．$60. C．$80. 3．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Interviewer and interviewee. B．Teacher and student. C．Doctor and patient. 4．Why was the woman late? A．She fell ill. B．She forgot the time. C．Her car broke down. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A piece of local news. B．A hotel in the mountain. C．A weekend trip plan. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What does the woman think of the Digital Marketing course? A．It’s too demanding. B．It’s practical for her career. C．It’s more interesting than expected. 7．What should the woman do according to the man? A．Change her major. B．Talk to the professor. C．Read some background materials. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．What was the man’s problem? A．He woke up frequently at night. B．He felt tired despite a long sleep. C．He drank coffee late in the evening. 9．What does the woman advise the man to do? A．Go to bed early. B．Reduce the noise at home. C．Put away the phone before bed. 10．What does the man plan to do? A．Postpone his alarms. B．Sleep in a different room. C．Get a traditional alarm clock. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At a community center. B．At a department store. C．At a lost-and-found office. 12．What does the woman’s wallet look like? A．It’s black with a gold ring. B．It’s blue with some patterns. C．It’s brown with a leather string. 13．What was inside the wallet besides money? A．A library card. B．A gym card. C．A student ID． 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．Why did the man choose the volunteer work? A．To travel to a remote area. B．To fulfill a graduation requirement. C．To check if he is fit to be a teacher. 15．What was the biggest challenge for the man? A．The language barrier. B．The poor Internet connection. C．The lack of clean water. 16．What will the man do next summer? A．Start a part-time job. B．Return to the same village. C．Organize a fundraising event. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．What is the speaker’s occupation? A．A career consultant. B．A computer engineer. C．A news reporter. 18．What will be most valued in the future? A．Programming ability. B．Emotional intelligence. C．Data analysis. 19．What does the speaker say about AI? A．It will replace most human jobs. B．It can help with repetitive tasks. C．It may become better at empathy. 20．What is the speaker’s last suggestion? A．Focus on lifelong learning. B．Master at least two languages. C．Work for a big tech company. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Exploring Robots in Summer Camps How can we inspire children to enjoy learning in today’s technology-driven world? One effective answer is summer robotics camps. Robotics offers an exciting way to introduce young learners to STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math). What Is Summer Robotics Camp? A summer robotics camp provides a fun and educational experience during the holidays. Children learn to build robots and practice basic programming in an interactive and enjoyable environment. What Makes Summer Robotics Camp the Perfect Choice for Children? Hands-on Learning One of the biggest advantages is learning by doing. Instead of relying on textbooks, children explore STEM concepts through real projects and experiments. Early Exposure to Technology These camps help prepare students for the future by introducing them to important technologies at an early age, building a strong foundation for further study. Skill Development Participants improve teamwork and communication skills by working together on challenging tasks. They also learn how to solve problems and celebrate success with others. Fun and Creativity Robotics camps encourage imagination and curiosity. Whether designing robots or joining competitions, children can express their ideas and enjoy the learning process. Projects and Activities At robotics camps, children take part in a variety of engaging tasks that help them grow in different ways: • Building robots based on their own creative ideas. • Testing robotic systems through hands-on practice. • Learning basic machine design, such as how motors and structures work. • Working with teammates to solve problems and improve designs. • Developing a positive attitude toward technology through enjoyable activities. 21．What can children do at summer robotics camps? A．Read textbooks about science. B．Learn to program and make robots. C．Join in international robot competitions. D．Take exams on engineering knowledge. 22．How do robotics camps teach STEM subjects? A．Through lab experiments. B．By watching online videos. C．Through practical operations. D．By studying related textbooks. 23．What can participants obtain from this camp? A．Teamwork spirit. B．Creative ideas. C．Critical thoughts. D．Job opportunities. B Since 2018, British physicist Jessica Wade has been writing Wikipedia articles to elevate the profiles of female scientists. This initiative was inspired after she met climate researcher Kim Cobb at a conference. Impressed by Cobb’s work, Wade was horrified to find no Wikipedia page for her. That’s when Wade made the decision to write the first of many biographies (传记). Since then, Wade has dedicated herself to increasing diversity in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics). In less than a decade, she has created over 2,000 Wikipedia entries. Her focus is on women and other underrepresented scientists who have been overlooked. She highlighted a significant gap in a 2024 podcast, noting that while women make up 51% of the global population, only about 19% of English Wikipedia biographies are about women across all professions. Through her research, Wade has rediscovered numerous pioneers. These include Dawn Shaughnessy, part of a team that discovered five super-heavy elements; Roma Agrawal, the lead engineer for London’s Shard skyscraper; and Gladys West, a Black mathematician whose work is crucial for GPS technology. Wade’s efforts have earned her recognition, including a TEDx Talk, the Rosalind Franklin Award, and praise from Wikipedia’s founder, Jimmy Wales. However, Wade’s mission has faced opposition. Her biography on Clarice Phelps, a Black nuclear chemist involved in discovering a new element, faced scrutiny and even deletion threats from other Wikipedia editors. Wade successfully fought to keep the entry online. Wade argues that the lack of diversity in science is not just unfair but negatively impacts research and innovation. Citing data from the American Association of University Women, she points out that women comprise only 26% of the STEM workforce, with Black and Hispanic (西班牙裔) women accounting for just 2% of engineers. She challenges the assumption that girls lack inspiration, stating that girls are already interested in science, and the key is to increase the proportion of women who stay in the field. 24．What motivated Wade to write her first Wikipedia entry? A．Her desire to win scientific awards. B．Her passion for promoting scientists. C．A request from Wikipedia’s founder. D．A noted scientist lacking Wikipedia page. 25．What was the main focus of Wade’s contributions to Wikipedia? A．The scientific discoveries in the 21st century. B．The careers of Black and Hispanic researchers. C．The work of women and other ignored scientists. D．The lives of the Rosalind Franklin Award winners. 26．What does the underlined word “scrutiny” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Public praise. B．Warm support. C．Complete rejection. D．Thorough review. 27．What does the last paragraph present? A．Wade’s main achievements. B．Wade’s opinions on scientific circles. C．The necessity of enhancing diversity in STEM. D．The recognition Wade has received in STEM. C “It’s been a dream of mine for many, many years to design a new robotic hand,” says Aude Billard, a robotics and artificial intelligence researcher at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne. “It’s allowing people to think out of the box, to rethink what it is to have a hand or finger.” Billard and her colleagues used a type of machine learning tool called a genetic algorithm (遗传算法), which showed how different combinations of robot features would work together. That allowed the team to gradually come up with several plans for roughly hand-shaped bots that could hold and carry objects. The researchers then built a five-fingered and a six-fingered version in the lab. When attached to the mechanical arm, the robotic hand could pick up objects much like a human hand. The robot held a ball between two fingers, wrapped four fingers around a metal rod and held a flat plate between fingers and palm (手掌). The fingers bend backward just as easily as forward, allowing the robot to hold objects against both sides of its palm. The study “is a beautiful example of what you can achieve if you approach robotic design without being weighed down by all the limits of the human factor,” says Matei Ciocarlie, a mechanical engineer at Columbia University who wasn’t involved in the research. The robotic hand can separate itself from a robotic arm, take one or more objects out of the arm’s reach and bring them back. Researchers say the hand could access places that human-like arms can’t reach, such as inside industrial pipes. The robot could one day aid in industrial inspections of pipes and equipment too small for a human or larger robot to access. It might take objects in a warehouse (仓库) or navigate confined spaces in disaster response efforts. Further research is needed to understand how human brains would control and respond to limbs that don’t match human body structure. 28．How does Aude Billard introduce her new robotic hand at the beginning? A．By sharing a dream. B．By listing its functions. C．By explaining its principle. D．By comparing it with human hands. 29．What is a special feature of the new robotic hand? A．It is the first hand-shaped bot. B．It has more fingers and moves fast. C．It only works with a mechanical arm. D．Its fingers bend freely forward and backward. 30．Why does the author mention industrial pipes? A．To stress the need to improve equipment. B．To show the transport ability of the robotic hand. C．To explain the difficult design of the robotic hand. D．To illustrate the advantage of the robotic hand in narrow spaces. 31．What can we learn about the robot from the last paragraph? A．It can replace humans in life. B．It needs further research for use. C．It has been widely used in warehouses. D．It has solved the brain control problem. D In recent years, public health and nutrition experts want to make Americans healthier and they are targeting ultra-processed foods. But here’s the dilemma: they can’t even agree on the benefits and harms of ultra-processed foods. The term ultra-processed food was developed by Brazilian researchers to describe the level of processing foods undergo. They came up with the NOVA classification system. On one end of the system, there’s unprocessed or minimally processed foods-such as an apple or frozen peas. On the other end, there’s ultra-processed foods, which contain additives like artificial colors, flavors and preservatives. Think processed packaged cookies and candies, sweetened drinks and frozen ready meals. “Evidence shows that consumption of ultra-processed foods leads to a host of health harms-including an increased risk of Type 2 diabetes, obesity, certain cancers and even depression,” warns Dariush Mozaffarian, head of the Food & Medicine Institute at Tufts University. On the other side of the debate, you have people like Julia Wolfson, a professor of Johns Hopkins University, who think the focus should be on the overall nutritional quality of foods. “Not all foods that fit the definition of ultra-processed are unhealthy,” she argues. “For instance, packaged wholegrain breads and some yogurts are considered ultra-processed, but they can be beneficial for health. I think it’s important to identify foods that are of most concern for health, and not just treat all ultra-processed foods with the same broad brush.” If experts are disagreeing about exactly what to do, what can the average consumer do? “Get in the habit of reading ingredient lists. If it’s really long and full of flavors and colorings, try to find an alternative product with the fewest of those ingredients that you don’t know and can’t pronounce,” says Wolfson. “You might not always find an option that’s not ultra-processed, but you can try to maximize the nutrition and minimize the processed ingredients.” 32．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2? A．Summarize the previous paragraph. B．Add some background information. C．Provide some advice for the readers. D．Introduce a new scientific definition. 33．What is Dariush Mozaffarian’s attitude to ultra-processed foods? A．Tolerant. B．Objective. C．Favorable. D．Disapproving. 34．What would Julia Wolfson most probably suggest we do? A．Select foods with the fewest additives. B．Avoid even minimally processed food. C．Check each item on the ingredient list. D．Choose foods that are beautifully colored. 35．What is the best title for the text? A．Not All Processed Foods Should Be Treated as Equals B．Experts Still Struggle to Define Ultra-Processed Foods C．Opinions Are Sharply Divided About Ultra-Processed Foods D．Strict Guidelines Should Be Issued to Regulate Food Processing 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate? It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. 36 However, understanding how to achieve it and identifying what distracts (使分心) you can make a big difference. Scientists have explored the reasons behind our tendency to delay tasks and summarized a range of methods to help us stay focused. 37 Research by Science Focus magazine shows that silence is best for concentration; alternatively, soft background sounds or coffee shop atmosphere also works well. Additionally, the study found that turning off notifications on your phone removes a major distraction. 38 Another effective strategy to stay focused is brain training. Attention researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London found that making a task more visually demanding takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions. 39 For example, when attending online lectures, you can try taking notes of the speaker’s words while listening, which combines auditory (听觉) input with visual and writing actions, leaving little mental space for outside distractions. There are also more practical tips to maintain focus. These include making a list or timetable of the tasks you have to do, finding a workspace where you don’t have an urge to do other things, or tapping your fingers gently on the table. 40 Science Focus magazine points out, “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.” A．It might be easy for you to stay focused. B．Interestingly, distraction isn’t entirely negative. C．Schedule complex tasks during your energy peaks. D．Staying focused remains a challenge even in adult life. E．Thus, keeping your mind fully engaged might be the key. F．Switching it off entirely also helps us focus on the task at hand. G．One of the most straightforward approaches is eliminating noise. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was born in a rural town. Life there was simple yet 41 — unspoken rules governed everything and new ideas were rarely tolerated. I felt caged and 42 by the humble houses, the rough roads, and even the endless stretches of cornfields. Even more unacceptably, independence wasn’t exactly celebrated there, and I had to follow a 43 path, a life defined by tradition. So I 44 — far away to a big city. City life was really 45 . I threw myself into new experiences — 46 new cafes, visiting galleries and playing AR games… — to enjoy my hard-won independence. Yet gradually, beneath the city’s restless energy, a huge 47 from not belonging swallowed my heart. The constant motion of city life wasn’t sustainable, and I needed to go back to my 48 . Years later, I returned to the place I once 49 . To my surprise, while I had changed, so had my hometown, with small, welcoming 50 everywhere: tall buildings stood towering and various shops lined the widened streets. The cornfields, once symbols of all I longed to escape, became spaces for reflection, progress, and finally 51 . Admittedly, I feared being labeled a “failure” in city life, yet no such 52 came — only quiet understanding, or, 53 , you could say. This homecoming, 54 , was not just a return, but a(n) 55 of the soul, empowering me to stay rooted and carve out a new life on my own land. 41．A．stable B．addictive C．rigid D．confusing 42．A．ashamed B．puzzled C．thrilled D．choked 43．A．beaten B．hidden C．smooth D．unfixed 44．A．sat around B．showed off C．took flight D．gained ground 45．A．conventional B．fascinating C．complicated D．tolerable 46．A．buying B．sampling C．renting D．sharing 47．A．emptiness B．guilt C．regret D．concern 48．A．duties B．trips C．roots D．destinations 49．A．recalled B．missed C．chose D．resisted 50．A．qualities B．decorations C．inventions D．transformations 51．A．patience B．growth C．memory D．uniqueness 52．A．belief B．impression C．surprise D．judgment 53．A．empathy B．praise C．promise D．gratitude 54．A．particularly B．secretly C．thankfully D．strangely 55．A．exploration B．appreciation C．description D．refreshment 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 In most people’s eyes, the pit (核) of a fruit is waste, but in the hands of a miniaturist (微雕师), this tiny nut can 56 (turn) into a wonder. As both a time­honored and young art, nut carving began to emerge 57 a national cultural heritage in 2008. The complicated process of nut carving is like dancing ballet on the pit, with the main tools being the file, chisel and drill. Nut carving has different styles, 58 (vary) significantly from northern to southern regions. The northern style is mainly practiced in Shandong Province where nut carving is often done on peach pits, the surface layer of 59 is rich in fold texture (纹理) skillfully employed by the miniaturist 60 (carve) vivid three­dimensional shapes. The southern style particularly finds its popularity in Jiangsu Province. When 61 (specific) choosing materials, artists tend to select olive pits with thick outer walls and smooth surfaces, allowing for the 62 (achieve) of fine carvings. Nut carving is young as it has only been trendy for about 20 years, featuring a shift from handicrafts to 63 (fashion) items. Modern aesthetics (审美), 64 (combine) with scientific and technological means, make nut carving works more up­to­date and push the craft to 65 new height. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66．如果你是学生李华，你校国际部计划为下周来访的英国姊妹学校师生举办一场中国文化体验日（Chinese Culture Experience Day）。请你给该活动负责人Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括： （1）推荐一个互动体验项目； （2）说明其预期效果。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答； （3）开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, I’m Li Hua, a student from the International Department. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lena walked home slowly, her schoolbag feeling heavier than ever. She couldn’t forget how she had frozen in front of her classmates that morning. Their teacher, Mrs. Johnson, had asked each student to give a three-minute presentation about their favorite hobby. When Lena’s turn came, her hands shook so much that her note cards fell to the floor. As she picked them up, her voice became quieter and quieter until she couldn’t speak at all. Mrs. Johnson kindly told her she could stop and asked Lena to stay for a moment after class. “I know you love writing stories, Lena,” Mrs. Johnson said gently. “I read your wonderful article in the school newspaper last week. Would you like to try again tomorrow? I believe you can do it.” Lena nodded, feeling both nervous and grateful for this second chance. That afternoon, the smell of fresh bread welcomed Lena as she opened the front door. Her grandmother stood in the kitchen, wiping her hands on her apron (围裙). Grandmother had been a journalist for many years before retiring. She immediately noticed Lena’s red eyes. “What’s troubling you, my dear?” Grandmother asked, putting a warm arm around Lena’s shoulders. Lena poured out the whole story while they sat at the kitchen table. “I prepared so much, Grandma. I knew every word I wanted to say. But when I saw all those eyes watching me... my mind went completely blank.” Grandmother nodded understandingly. “Come with me to my study,” she said after a moment. “I want to show you something.” In her study, Grandmother opened a wooden box on her desk. Inside, among many photographs and souvenirs, lay a small bronze medal. “This was my first journalism award,” Grandmother said. “I received it forty years ago for a speech that I gave at a big conference. At first, I was so frightened that I practiced for two weeks in front of the mirror!” 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Lena looked at her grandma, hoping to know more. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, Lena touched the medal in her pocket and walked forward. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $学校 班级 姓名 准考证号 密 封 线 11 2 以 心 45 [A][B]IC]ID] 44 [AJ[BJ[CI[D] [AJIBJICJID] [AJIBJICJID] [AJ[BJ[CI[D] [AJ[BJ[CJ[D] [AJIBJ[C]ID] [AJ[BJ[CJ[D] [AJ[BI[CI[D] [AJ[BJ[CJID] [AJ[B][C] 4 [A][B]IC] [AJIB]IC] [AJ[BI[CI [AIIBJIC] 的 o 8 岁 50 [A][B][C][D] 49 [A][B][CI[D] 48 [A][B][CI[D] 30 [A][B][C][D] 29 [AJ[BJ[C][D] 26 [A][B][C][D] 10 [A][B][C] 9 [A][B][C] 8 [AJ[B]IC] 7 IAJ[B][CI 6 [AJ[BJ[C] 00 Aw NO 8 为 55 [A][B][CI[D] 54 [AJ[B][CI[D] 5 [AJ[BJ[C][D] 51 [A][B][C][D] 35 [A][B][C][D] 34 [A][B][CI[D] 33 [A][B][C][D] 32 [AJ[B][C][D] 31 [A][B][C][D] 15 [A][BJ[C] 13 [A][B][C] 12 [A][B][C] 11 [A][B][C] 港华局（请用2E共专摄装） 6 00 ① 00 n 充液、限可。 0 黑 20252026品住雨：不鼎期想术培耕务 9 40 [AJ[BJ[CJ[D][EJ[F][G] 38 [AJ[BI[CJ[D][EJ[FJ[G] 36 [AJ[BJ[CJ[D][EJ[FJ[GI 20 [A][B][C] 19 [A][B][C] 18 [A][B][C] 17 [AJ[B][C] 16 [AJ[B][C] 成华想水分使用2正共装摄特：批挑g障公测用03m ■ 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 第二节（满分25分） Paragraph 1: Paragraph 2: 烯 请在各题目的答题区域内作瓷，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 英话第2贡（共2贡