Unit 8 Making a Difference最全期末复习资料（单词+短语+句型+语法+全套习题）2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语单元复习讲义以“志愿服务与公益活动”主题为引领，通过表格梳理核心词汇及词型转换，用框架图呈现现在完成时（for/since用法）的语法结构，将必背短语、句型按“词汇-语法-语用”逻辑串联，清晰展现单元重难点的内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法指导，基础层设for/since填空、动词形式题巩固语法，提升层通过阅读理解和写作模板（如“My Volunteer Experience”范文）培养语言运用能力，结合思维品质中的分析与表达，帮助学生从机械记忆过渡到综合运用，支持教师实施精准分层教学，助力学生自主复习效率提升。

八年级下册 Unit 8 Making a Difference 最全期末复习资料（单词+短语+句型+语法+全套习题） 前言 本资料整合单元必考单词、词性转换、重点短语、必背句型、语法精讲、语法聚焦、全覆盖本单元考点，适合背诵、刷题、期末复习。 一、单元主题与学习目标 - 单元主题：志愿服务、公益活动、个人改变与影响 - 核心语法：现在完成时（for/since 用法） - 学习目标：能用  for/since  描述动作持续的时间，掌握志愿活动相关词汇与句型，能分享志愿经历、表达个人影响 二、单元核心词汇 1. volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 2. shelter /ˈʃeltə(r)/ n. 收容所；庇护所 3. nursing home /ˈnɜːsɪŋ həʊm/ 养老院 4. volunteer work /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə wɜːk/ 志愿工作 5. United Nations Peacekeeping 联合国维和 6. doctor /ˈdɒktə(r)/ n. 医生 7. the Red Cross 红十字会 8. member /ˈmembə(r)/ n. 成员 9. organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 组织；机构 10. primary school /ˈpraɪməri skuːl/ 小学 11. train /treɪn/ v. 训练；培训 12. elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj. 年老的 13. sports organization 体育组织 14. charity match /ˈtʃærəti mætʃ/ 慈善比赛 15. stadium /ˈsteɪdiəm/ n. 体育场 16. direction /dəˈrekʃn/ n. 方向 17. sign /saɪn/ v. 签名 18. fan /fæn/ n. 粉丝；爱好者 19. difference /ˈdɪfrəns/ n. 不同；影响 20. make a difference 有影响；起作用 三、词型转换 1. volunteer → voluntary (adj. 自愿的) 2. help → helpful (adj. 有帮助的) 3. train → training (n. 培训) → trained (adj. 受过训练的) 4. work → worker (n. 工人) 5. organize → organization (n. 组织) → organized (adj. 有组织的) 6. help → helper (n. 帮手) 7. different → difference (n. 差异) 8. serve → service (n. 服务)   四、单元核心必背短语 1. animal shelter 动物收容所 2. volunteer here for a long time 在这里做志愿者很久了 3. since last August 自去年八月以来 4. work as a volunteer 担任志愿者 5. serve in the army 在军队服役 6. United Nations Peacekeeping 联合国维和 7. the Red Cross 红十字会 8. make friends 交朋友 9. primary school 小学 10. help many students 帮助许多学生 11. train elderly people 培训老年人 12. sports organization 体育组织 13. help out at events 在活动中帮忙 14. meet famous athletes 遇见著名运动员 15. charity match 慈善比赛 16. give directions 指路 17. sign a football 在足球上签名 18. make a difference 有影响；起作用 五、单元重点必背句型 1. Have you been to our animal shelter before? 你以前去过我们的动物收容所吗？ 2. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August. 自去年八月以来，她一直在养老院做志愿者。 3. How long have you been a volunteer? 你做志愿者多久了？ 4. He has volunteered here since his summer holiday started. 自从暑假开始，他就在这里做志愿者。 5. She has been a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping for five years. 她在联合国维和部队当医生已经五年了。 6. I have been a member of the Red Cross since I joined the organization. 自从我加入这个组织以来，我一直是红十字会的成员。 7. The organization has trained over 6,000 elderly people since 2023. 自2023年以来，该组织已经培训了6000多名老年人。 六、核心语法精讲 现在完成时（for/since 用法） 1. 结构： have/has + 过去分词  2. for + 时间段：表示动作持续的时长 - 例：I have lived here for 5 years. 3. since + 时间点/过去事件：表示动作开始的时间 - 例：I have lived here since 2019. - 例：I have lived here since I was 10 years old. 4. 易错点： -  since  引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 - 对  for/since  引导的时间状语提问，用  How long 。 七、 Grammar Focus（课本语法聚焦） （一）4a 题目：Read the sentences. How are for and since used differently? （阅读句子，for 和 since 的用法有什么不同？） 1.- 英文：Have you been to our animal shelter before? No, I haven’t. But one of my friends has volunteered here for a long time. - 翻译：你以前来过我们的动物收容所吗？ 没有，但我的一个朋友在这里志愿工作了很长时间。 - 用法：这里的 for 用来表示一段时间。 2.- 英文：Has she ever done volunteer work? Yes, she has. She has been a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping since last August. - 翻译：她做过志愿工作吗？ 做过，她从去年八月起就在联合国维和部队当医生。 - 用法：这里的 since 用来表示时间的起点。 3.- 英文：How long have you been a volunteer? I have been a volunteer here for a few years. - 翻译：你当志愿者多久了？ 我在这里当志愿者已经好几年了。 - 用法：这里的 for 用来表示一段时间。 4.- 英文：How long has he worked as a volunteer at the museum? He has volunteered here since his summer holiday started. - 翻译：他在博物馆当志愿者多久了？ 他从暑假开始就在这里做志愿工作了。 - 用法：这里的 since 用来表示时间的起点。 （二）4b 题目：Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and for or since. （用括号中动词的正确形式、for 或 since 完成句子。） 1. Linda likes serving in the army. She has been (be) a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping for five years. 翻译：琳达喜欢在军队服役。她在联合国维和部队当医生已经五年了。 2. I have been (be) a member of the Red Cross for six years. I’ve made a lot of friends since I joined the organization. 翻译：我成为红十字会成员已经六年了。自从加入这个组织以来，我交了很多朋友。 3. Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer for two years now. Since he started working there, he has helped (help) many students. 翻译：吴先生在一所小学当志愿教师已经两年了。自从他开始在那里工作以来，他帮助了很多学生。 4. The organization has trained (train) over 6,000 elderly people since it began to offer classes in 2023. 翻译：自2023年开始开课以来，该组织已经培训了6000多名老年人。 总结： for  接一段时间， since  接时间起点 （三）4c 题目：Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. （用括号中动词的正确形式填写这篇短文。） I love being a volunteer! I have worked (work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. Since I started, I have helped (help) out at over ten different sports events. I have made (make) many new friends and I have even met (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I met (meet) two national football players from Argentina last month. They were at a stadium for a charity match. The stadium was (be) so big that they got (get) lost. I gave them directions and they smiled (smile) and thanked (thank) me warmly. Before they left, I asked (ask) them to sign a football for me, and they did (do)! They said they were happy to meet a fan from a different country! 翻译：我喜欢当志愿者！我在一个体育组织工作快三年了。从我开始做志愿者以来，我已经帮忙举办了十多场不同的体育赛事。我交到了很多新朋友，甚至还见过很多著名运动员。比如，上个月我遇到了两位来自阿根廷的国家足球队球员。他们当时在一个体育场参加慈善比赛。那个体育场太大了，他们迷路了。我给他们指了路，他们微笑着热情地感谢了我。他们离开前，我请他们给我在一个足球上签名，他们照做了！他们说很高兴认识一位来自不同国家的球迷！  八、单元写作指导 写作主题：My Volunteer Experience（我的志愿经历） 写作思路模板 1. 开头：介绍自己的志愿活动 I have been a volunteer at an animal shelter for two years. 2. 主体：用  for/since  描述经历 - I have worked there every weekend since I joined in 2022. - I have helped feed the animals and clean their cages for over 100 hours. - Since I started volunteering, I have learned how to care for animals. 3. 结尾：说明志愿活动的影响 Volunteering has made a difference in my life. I have become more responsible and caring. 高分范文 My Volunteer Experience I have been a volunteer at an animal shelter for two years. I joined the shelter in 2022, and I have worked there every weekend since then. I have helped feed the animals and clean their cages for over 100 hours. I have also helped find new homes for many homeless cats and dogs. Since I started volunteering, I have learned how to care for animals and how to communicate with different people. Volunteering has made a big difference in my life. I have become more responsible and caring. I will keep volunteering in the future because I want to help more animals in need. 九、单元配套练习题 一、用  for  或  since  填空 1. I have lived in this city ______ 2018. 2. She has been a teacher ______ 10 years. 3. They have worked as volunteers ______ they left school. 4. He has played football ______ he was a child. 5. We have studied English ______ 6 years. 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1. He ______ (be) a volunteer at the hospital for three years. 2. They ______ (help) clean the park many times since last year. 3. She ______ (work) with the Red Cross since 2021. 4. I ______ (meet) many new people since I started volunteering. 5. The organization ______ (train) over 1,000 volunteers since 2020. 三、单项选择 1. —How long have you been a volunteer? —______ two years. A. Since B. For C. In 2. She has worked at the nursing home ______ last August. A. since B. for C. in 3. I have ______ a member of the club since I was 12. A. been B. became C. was 4. They have helped many people ______ they started the organization. A. for B. since C. when 5. He has volunteered here ______ five years. A. since B. for C. in 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 Volunteering is a great way to make a difference in the world. Many people choose to volunteer in different places, such as animal shelters, nursing homes, or schools. I have been a volunteer at a local animal shelter for three years. I started volunteering there when I was 14 years old. Since then, I have helped feed the animals, clean their cages, and take them for walks. I have also helped find new homes for over 50 animals. Volunteering has taught me a lot about responsibility and kindness. It has also helped me make new friends who share the same interests. I will keep volunteering at the shelter because I love helping animals. ( ) 1. How long has the writer been a volunteer at the animal shelter? A. For two years. B. For three years. C. For four years ( ) 2. When did the writer start volunteering? A. At the age of 12. B. At the age of 13. C. At the age of 14. ( ) 3. What has the writer NOT done at the shelter? A. Feed the animals. B. Train the animals. C. Clean the cages. ( ) 4. How many animals has the writer helped find homes for? A. Over 30. B. Over 40. C. Over 50. ( ) 5. What has volunteering taught the writer? A. How to train animals. B. Responsibility and kindness. C. How to start an animal shelter. Passage 2 My name is Li Hua, and I have been a volunteer with the Red Cross for five years. I joined the organization in 2018, and since then, I have taken part in many different volunteer activities. Last year, I helped organize a charity match to raise money for children in poor areas. I have also helped train new volunteers and taught them how to give first aid. Since I started volunteering, I have met many amazing people and learned a lot about teamwork. Volunteering has made a big difference in my life. It has given me the chance to help others and make the world a better place. I will continue to volunteer with the Red Cross for as long as I can. ( ) 1. How long has Li Hua been a volunteer with the Red Cross? A. For four years. B. For five years. C. For six years. ( ) 2. When did Li Hua join the Red Cross? A. In 2017. B. In 2018. C. In 2019. ( ) 3. What did Li Hua help organize last year? A. A charity match. B. A school trip. C. A sports meeting. ( ) 4. What has Li Hua taught new volunteers? A. How to play football. B. How to give first aid. C. How to raise money. ( ) 5. What has volunteering given Li Hua? A. A chance to travel. B. A chance to help others. C. A chance to become a doctor. 十、练习题参考答案 一、填空 1. since 2. for 3. since 4. since 5. for 二、动词形式 1. has been 2. have helped 3. has worked 4. have met 5. has trained 三、单项选择 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. B 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B Passage 2 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $