期末考前押题之阅读理解12篇（全册单元热点话题）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册期末复习（外研版）

**基本信息** 紧扣初中英语Units 1-6单元话题，以12篇阅读材料构建“主题-能力”双维训练体系，强化语言理解与思维分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单元话题阅读|每单元2篇，共12篇|涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断等题型|围绕生涯规划、团队合作等单元主题，构建“话题认知-文本解读-能力迁移”逻辑链，提升语言能力与思维品质|

期末复习之阅读理解12篇 （Units 1-6单元话题） 单元 单元话题 Unit 1 Career talks 生涯规划，工作与职业 Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 成长的烦恼与收获 Unit 3 What makes a great team? 团队合作 Unit 4 Helping out 助人奉献 Unit 5 Looking into nature 探索自然 Unit 6 Living with nature 自然共生 本资料共12篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应2篇单元话题专题训练 Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life. So, choosing a job is one of the most important decisions to make in life. For my job, there are three important things that I will consider: The first one—that I must work in an area I like—is most important to me. Someone once said if you find a job that you enjoy, then you won’t have to work another day. I would like to work in an area where I can be more creative. I would like to be the most valuable member there. All this is possible only if I like what I do. The second one is that the area of my work must lead me to solve some new and hard problems. I would like to stay in the same area for a long time. In order for this to happen, the work must provide enough problems. More than just working to live, I enjoy making a difference and trying my best for the whole progress. I would also like to be well remunerated for my hard work, so I can lead a comfortable life with this hard-won money. Then I can provide the best for my family. The third important thing is that I would like to work in an area that would help other people. The work in my mind is in fields such as the army, training or management. In such areas, I can help to develop the abilities of others and bring out their best. It would be a most satisfying job to help young people to become the best that they can be. When I become old, I would like to look back with a great sense of satisfaction that thousands of people have become better persons through my work. I accept the idea that no one should make a choice of a job suddenly or quickly. He should decide what he wants to be in the long run. Then, he should decide how he works towards it. He should study the proper courses, read the books and speak to knowledgeable persons in that field before making a job choice. A good choice will most probably lead to a better life. 1．According to the passage, a good job choice probably makes people ________. A．solve fewer problems B．choose a good life C．be good family members 2．The writer considers an enjoyable job most important because ________. A．he has to bring out his best B．it can make him more creative C．he will have to work another day 3．The underlined word “remunerated” in the passage means “________”. A．trained B．praised C．paid 4．The writer wants to tell us that everyone should ________. A．become a knowledgeable person B．join the army to become a better person C．make preparations to find a satisfying job 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．My Job Choice B．My Favorite Job C．My Comfortable Life 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讲述作者择业时考量的三大要素，同时点明慎重择业、提前筹备才能收获优质工作与美好生活。   1．首段语句“Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life.”可知，选择一份好的职业就像选择一个好的人生。 2．第三段语句“I would like to work in an area where I can be more creative.”可知，作者偏爱自己感兴趣的工作，因为这类工作能激发自身创造力。 3．第四段语句“so I can lead a comfortable life with this hard-won money. Then I can provide the best for my family.”可知，靠着辛苦工作换来的酬劳维持生活，remunerated词义为得到报酬、被支付薪水。 4．最后一段语句“He should study the proper courses, read the books and speak to knowledgeable persons in that field before making a job choice.”可知，作者建议人们在择业前做好各项准备，从而找到称心的工作。 5．全文围绕作者自身的择业标准与择业看法展开，因此最佳标题为My Job Choice。 For Chen Sheng, a young man in Meitan, Guizhou Province, caring for the old people is more than a job. It’s a calling in his heart. Chen Sheng grew up with his grandparents, and his dream was to take care of more old people. After finishing school with a degree (学位) in healthcare, Chen Sheng completed eight months of training in a local hospital and started to work in a nursing home. In his early working days, what he met was more difficult than he thought. He got up at 6 a.m. to help with morning tasks. He provided full bedside care, especially for the old people who had to stay in bed all the time. Often, his day didn’t end until 11 p.m. He wanted to give up at first, but after a period, the warmth and trust he got from the old changed his mind. Using his healthcare knowledge, Chen Sheng takes care of old people in a right way, including body check, health guidance, advice on food and so on. “I arrived at the nursing home with lots of illnesses and could only lie in bed. After two months of good care by Chen Sheng, I was able to walk again by myself. Life here is very convenient, just like at home,” said Grandpa Li. Moreover, Chen Sheng gives emotional (情感的) support. He always offers comfort in time when a grandpa or a grandma is sad. Grandma Sun likes to talk with Chen Sheng every day and always shares the things she thinks valuable. Grandma Sun feels warm and happy because of Chen Sheng. Her family thanks him for his great love. As the needs for elderly care continue to grow, more and more young people, including those born after 2000, have come to work in nursing homes. They are making every effort to take good care of old people and make them live a happy life. 1．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1? A．Nursing is hard and tiring work. B．The old people call Chen Sheng for nursing. C．Chen Sheng shows his deep love for nursing. D．Chen Sheng dreams about a better job than nursing. 2．According to the passage, what did Chen Sheng do for the old people in his early working days? a. He made breakfast. b. He helped with morning tasks. c. He provided full bedside care. d. He cleaned the rooms daily. A．ab B．bc C．cd D．ad 3．Which of the following can best describe Chen Sheng according to the passage? A．Clever and rich. B．Serious and brave. C．Warm-hearted and patient. D．Helpful and humorous. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Normally, Chen Sheng had to work till midnight in his working days. B．Young people enter the nursing industry because it’s a well-paid job. C．Grandpa Li was able to walk by himself before coming to the nursing home. D．Chen Sheng’s growing experience encouraged him to work in the nursing home. 5．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards Chen’s behavior? A．Positive. B．Curious. C．Doubtful. D．Uncertain. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍陈胜因成长经历选择从事养老护理，用真心照料老人传递温暖。 1．划线句“It’s a calling in his heart.”意思是“这是他心中的使命”，结合前文“caring for the old people is more than a job. ”能看出陈胜对这份护理工作有深厚的热爱与使命感。 2．原文第二段提到“He got up at 6 a.m. to help with morning tasks. He provided full bedside care...”，指出他会帮助完成早上任务，以及提供全面的床边护理，对应b和c两项。 3．结合第二段“He got up at 6 a.m. to help with morning tasks. He provided full bedside care, especially for the old people who had to stay in bed all the time.”、第三段“Using his healthcare knowledge, Chen Sheng takes care of old people in a right way, including body check, health guidance, advice on food and so on.”以及第四段“Moreover, Chen Sheng gives emotional (情感的) support. ”可知，陈胜耐心照顾卧床老人、提供情感陪伴、让老人恢复健康，这些行为体现了他热心肠、有耐心的特点。 4．第一段提到“Chen Sheng grew up with his grandparents, and his dream was to take care of more old people”，说明成长经历鼓励了他从事这份工作。 5．全文都在讲述陈胜照顾老人的暖心事迹，能看出作者对他的行为是积极、肯定的态度。 In Changsha, Hunan Province, there is a special place at Yingbin Road Metro Station. It is called the emotion transition (转变) centre. Inside the centre, there is an emotion wall. On the wall, there are different buttons (按钮) like “Happy”, “Loving”, “Unhappy”, and more. People can press (按压) the button that best shows how they feel. The most popular button is “Super Happy”. So far, it has been pressed over 660,000 times! People can also hug soft toys and take photos with them. These toys can help them feel less stressed. There is also a soft wall for punching (拳打). A screen shows how strong the punch is— the harder you hit, the higher the number. The centre has attracted many visitors from different places. Yu Qing is from Ningbo. She saw pictures of the centre online and thought it was so cool that she decided to visit it. After pressing the “Super Love” button, she said she really enjoyed it. Tang Minghao is a 6-year-old boy from Shaoyang. He also visited the centre and felt very happy. Shen Junwen is a 22-year-old student from Tianjin. He said that the centre helps people understand their emotions and learn how to manage them. Now, the emotion transition centre has become very popular online. Many people say it helps them feel good and manage stress. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By listing a fact. C．By giving an example. 2．What does the underlined word “emotion” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．A place to take photos. B．A way to show how one feels. C．A kind of wall with buttons. 3．What will happen when people punch the soft wall? A．They will get a photo. B．A toy will give them a hug. C．They can see a number on a screen. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Cool Centre for Young People B．Feel Better at Changsha C．The Emotion Transition Centre in Changsha 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了位于长沙迎宾路口地铁站的情绪疏导中心，介绍了中心内的各类解压设施、到访游客体验以及该中心的作用与网络热度。 1．文章第一段“In Changsha, Hunan Province, there is a special place at Yingbin Road Metro Station. It is called the emotion transition (转变) centre.”表明，作者开篇客观陈述一处真实地点事实来引入文章。 2．文章第二段“On the wall, there are different buttons (按钮) like ‘Happy’, ‘Loving’, ‘Unhappy’, and more. People can press (按压) the button that best shows how they feel.”表明，该墙的按钮用来表达人的心情，因此emotion指表达个人感受的方式。 3．文章第三段“There is also a soft wall for punching (拳打). A screen shows how strong the punch is—the harder you hit, the higher the number.”表明，击打软垫墙后屏幕会出现对应数字。 4．根据文章首尾段以及全文核心内容，全文围绕长沙情绪疏导中心展开介绍，“The Emotion Transition Centre in Changsha”精准概括全文。 ①Everyone may feel worried or stressed in their daily life. Teenagers are sometimes in low spirits because of schoolwork or relationships. Luckily, there are some simple and useful ways to improve our mood (心情). ②We can communicate with people around us. When we talk to our parents, teachers or good friends about our worries, we will feel relaxed soon. Their support and advice can help us solve problems and cheer up quickly. ③Taking up a hobby is a great choice. We can do some sports, enjoy beautiful music, read fun books or paint pictures. Doing something we enjoy can take our minds off unhappy things. ④We should learn to relax ourselves. We can take a break, stay away from worries for a while and enjoy the beauty of nature. Fresh air and nice views can help us keep calm and think clearly. ⑤What’s more, we need to be confident. Difficulties are common and they will go away sooner or later. We should face them with a positive heart and never lose hope. ⑥In short, whenever we feel unhappy, we should choose healthy ways to relax. In this way, we can keep a good mood and grow up healthily and happily. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By making a list. C．By asking a question. D．By using a general truth. 2．What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．What is the best title of the passage? A．Ways to Keep Happy B．Ways to Make Friends C．Ways to Study Well D．Ways to Keep Healthy 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了青少年常见的情绪困扰及成因，介绍了几种简单实用的情绪调节方法，探讨了健康的情绪管理方式对青少年成长的重要意义。 1．文章开篇“Everyone may feel worried or stressed in their daily life. Teenagers are sometimes in low spirits because of schoolwork or relationships”陈述了每个人在日常生活中可能会感到担忧或有压力，青少年也会因学业或人际关系情绪低落这样一个普遍的事实，作者是通过陈述一个普遍事实来开篇的。 2．第①段总述“有改善心情的方法”；第②到第⑤段分别从四个方面分述方法；第⑥段总结“要选健康方式放松以保持好心情”。结构为“总—分—总”。 3．文章主要围绕青少年改善心情、保持快乐的方法展开，A选项符合文章主旨。 What makes a great team? This is a question that everyone in sports and work wants to answer. A great team is not just about having the best players or the most talented people, but about having the right spirit and teamwork. First, trust is the foundation (基础) of a great team. Every member should believe in their teammates. They know that their teammates will help them when they are in trouble. Without trust, a team is just a group of people and can’t achieve anything. Second, good communication is very important. Team members should talk to each other often, share their ideas and listen to others’ opinions. When there is good communication, the team can make better decisions and solve problems more easily. Third, a great team can learn from mistakes. Making mistakes is a part of life. The important thing is not to be afraid of mistakes, but to learn from them and improve. A great team never gives up because of mistakes. Finally, pulling together is the key. In a great team, every member works hard for the team, not for themselves. They help each other and fight together for the same goal. When all members pull together, nothing can stop them from succeeding. In short, trust, communication, learning from mistakes and pulling together make a great team. 1．What is the foundation of a great team? A．Talent B．Trust C．Communication D．Hard work 2．What can help the team make better decisions? A．Good communication B．Great players C．A good leader D．More practice 3．What should a great team do when they make mistakes? A．Be afraid of them B．Give up because of them C．Learn from them D．Forget them quickly 4．What is the key to making a great team? A．Having the best players B．Pulling together C．Making no mistakes D．A famous leader 5．How many qualities of a great team are mentioned in the passage? A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨了构成一个优秀团队的关键因素。文章指出，优秀团队不仅依靠优秀的成员，更在于团队精神和协作。作者详细阐述了优秀团队的四个核心要素：信任是团队的基础，良好的沟通有助于决策和解决问题，从错误中学习能促进进步，而齐心协力则是成功的关键。 1．第二段第一句“First, trust is the foundation (基础) of a great team.”直接表明优秀团队的基础是信任。 2．第三段最后一句“When there is good communication, the team can make better decisions and solve problems more easily.”表明良好的沟通能帮助团队做出更好的决策。 3．第四段“The important thing is not to be afraid of mistakes, but to learn from them and improve.”表明优秀团队在犯错时应该从错误中学习。 4．第五段“Finally, pulling together is the key.”表明打造优秀团队的关键是齐心协力。 5．文中提到了优秀团队的四个品质：信任、沟通、从错误中学习和齐心协力，共四个。 In a small town, two bakeries (面包店), one owned by Mrs. Lee and the other by Mr. Brown, were famous for their bread. The competition between them was very fierce (激烈的). One year, the price of flour went up very high. Both bakeries were in trouble. Mrs. Lee’s son thought she should lower the quality of her bread to save money, but she refused. “We must stick to our standards (标准),” she said. Meanwhile, Mr. Brown was also struggling. He thought about closing his bakery. One evening, Mrs. Lee had an idea. The next day, she went to Mr. Brown and said, “Why don’t we buy flour together? We can get a better price, and both of our bakeries can keep running.” Mr. Brown was surprised. He had seen Mrs. Lee as an enemy. But her idea was smart, and her kindness touched him. They agreed to cooperate. Not only did they save their businesses, but they also started to share recipes and ideas. Their town finally had the best bread ever. The competition between them didn’t disappear, but it became friendly and pushed them to improve. They learnt that sometimes, kindness and cooperation can lead to better results for everyone than trying to fight alone.＊The word “flour” means a white powder that is used in cooking for making bread, cakes, and so on. 1．What was the relationship between Mrs. Lee and Mr. Brown at the beginning? A．Good friends. B．Competitors. C．Teacher and student. D．Business partners. 2．The underlined word “struggling” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”. A．growing fast B．feeling relaxed C．having a hard time D．feeling happy 3．According to Paragraph 2, why did Mr. Brown feel surprised at Mrs. Lee’s words? A．Because Mrs. Lee offered to cooperate. B．Because the price of flour went down suddenly. C．Because she found a way to save her bakery alone. D．Because Mrs. Lee decided to lower her bread quality. 4．What is the main idea of the story? A．Competition is always bad. B．The price of flour is very important. C．It’s impossible for competitors to work together. D．Kindness and cooperation create win-win situations. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了小镇上李太太和布朗先生的两家面包店原本是竞争对手，面粉涨价后两家都陷入经营困境；李太太拒绝降低面包品质，主动提出和布朗先生联合采购面粉降低成本，两人合作后不但保住了生意，还共同提升了面包品质，最终收获了比单打独斗更好的结果。 1．根据第一段第二句“The competition between them was very fierce.”可知两人起初是竞争对手关系。 2．根据第一段中“…Both bakeries were in trouble.”以及后文“He thought about closing his bakery.”可知面粉价格暴涨，两家面包店都陷入经营困境，布朗先生甚至已经在考虑关闭自己的面包店，说明他当时也处境艰难，因此struggling的含义是“过得艰难”，对应C选项“having a hard time”。 3．根据第二段中“Mr. Brown was surprised. He had seen Mrs. Lee as an enemy.”可知布朗先生一直把李太太当成竞争对手，而李太太却主动提出一起合买面粉、合作经营，这完全超出了布朗的预期，因此他感到惊讶。 4．根据文章第三段中最后一句“They learnt that sometimes, kindness and cooperation can lead to better results for everyone than trying to fight alone.”点明主旨：比起独自争斗，善意和合作能给所有人带来更好的结果，也就是双赢，对应D选项。 Living in a city for one day with just one yuan seems impossible, but 60 students from Xi’an accepted this challenge. The “One Yuan Metropolis Survival” activity tested students’ living skills while raising money for charity. This event has happened in eight cities and is going to four others including Beijing in May. To face challenges, some students thought of many ways to earn money. They looked for part-time jobs. Zhang Qiyue who is 14 years old asked more than 10 restaurants for a job before finally getting a job as a waiter. “I felt worried when refused, but I got used to it slowly,” he said. After working for eight hours in a day, he earned 200 yuan. Others made use of their artistic abilities in public. Zhao Jiacheng, another 14-year-old student, successfully sold his handmade paper crafts and drawings. “This experience showed that it’s important to develop a special skill,” he said. The money from this event will help poor schools in Tibet. As the activity spreads to more cities, students learn important lessons about never giving up and being creative. This challenge shows that with hard work and skills, young people can solve difficult problems. 1．How many cities have already held this activity before Xi’an? A．4 cities. B．12 cities. C．8 cities. D．10 cities. 2．What can we know from Zhao Jiacheng’s success? A．Art skills are useless in real life. B．Public performances are useful. C．Special talents can help earn money. D．Handicrafts are easy to make for him. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①/②/③/④ B．①/②/③④ C．①②/③④ D．①/②③/④ 4．What information can we get from the last paragraph? A．The amount of money they raised. B．The educational value of the challenge. C．The students’ opinions about challenge. D．The future working plans for the activity. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了西安学生开展“一元都市生存”公益挑战活动，学生通过不同方式赚钱，最终所得款项用于援助西藏贫困学校，并从中收获成长感悟。 1．第一段原文“This event has happened in eight cities”可知该活动已在8个城市举办。 2．第三段赵家成通过卖手工纸艺品和画作挣钱，说明可以凭借特殊才能挣钱。 3．第一段总起介绍活动；第二、三段分述两种赚钱方式；第四段总结活动意义，整体为总分总结构。 4．最后一段讲述学生在活动中收获的品质，体现了该挑战的教育价值。 In a government building in Huai’an, China, you can hear the soft sounds of coffee being made. But this is not a common coffee shop. It’s a “silent café” where baristas (咖啡师) communicate with warm smiles and sign language. This special café is part of a local government plan to help people with disabilities find jobs. It has become a place of hope for the city’s deaf and hearing-impaired (受损的) community, offering new career paths and showing their abilities. Customers can easily order by scanning a QR code or using an online app, so they don’t need to speak. For last-minute changes, there’s an iPad with voice software and a writing board. This model is popular, and the café is a bustling hub. Many delivery drivers (快递员) come to pick up coffee. For Wang Jiali, a 39-year-old barista, working here has changed her life. Wang cannot hear well and uses a special device. She learned everything about making coffee from the start. Now, she and her team make up to 200 drinks every day. It’s hard work, and sometimes there are misunderstandings. Wang remembers a time when a customer got angry because she didn’t hear his order. “After I explained, he felt sorry,” Wang said. “Once we communicated, he understood.” This job has helped Wang grow a lot. She said, “It has helped me build bravery and improved my communication skills.” Her journey from a quiet world to confidently talking with people shows the programme’s great success. This good idea is now being copied in other places. The programme has already helped over 20 people with disabilities, and eight are now trained coffee makers. This café greatly shows how people can deal with difficulties and start new lives. 1．What is the main purpose of the “silent café”? A．To sell special coffee to customers. B．To help disabled people find jobs. C．To teach sign language to baristas. D．To attract more delivery drivers. 2．What does the underlined sentence “the café is a bustling hub” in paragraph 2 mean? A．The café is quiet and peaceful. B．The café is very busy and lively. C．The café only serves delivery drivers. D．The café is difficult to find. 3．Why does the author mention the customer who got angry? A．To tell off some rude customers. B．To show Wang is kind and patient. C．To show communication challenges. D．To explain ordering methods. 4．What can we learn about the café’s programme from the last paragraph? A．It only benefits the staff working there. B．It is limited to the local community. C．It serves as a model for other places. D．It mainly attracts disabled customers. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Sign language: a government plan for job training B．Sign language: how to order without speaking C．The silent café: a quiet place for coffee lovers D．The silent café: a place of hope and new beginnings 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国淮安一家“无声咖啡馆”的故事。 1．第一段明确指出：“This special café is part of a local government plan to help people with disabilities find jobs.”这直接说明无声咖啡馆的主要目的是帮助残障人士找到工作，而非单纯卖咖啡或教手语。 2．第二段中，“the café is a bustling hub”出现在描述点单方式便捷、模式受欢迎之后，紧接着提到“Many delivery drivers come to pick up coffee”，说明咖啡馆生意很好、人流密集。“bustling”意为繁忙热闹，因此选B。 3．第三段提到这位生气的顾客时，上下文是：“It’s hard work, and sometimes there are misunderstandings.”王佳丽回忆顾客因她没听到订单而生气，之后说“Once we communicated, he understood.”作者引用此例是为了说明聋人咖啡师在工作中确实面临沟通障碍和挑战，而非为了表扬王或批评顾客。 4．第五段开头即说：“This good idea is now being copied in other places.”并且提到已帮助超过20名残障人士，说明该项目已成为其他地方借鉴的模式，并非仅限于当地或仅惠及员工。 5．全文围绕“无声咖啡馆”展开，核心主题是通过王佳丽从“quiet world”到“confidently talking with people”的转变，以及项目帮助20多人就业、被多地复制，突出“hope”和“new beginnings”这一主旨，因此D最贴切。 Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China. Huang was known as the chief designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇). Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 091 and Type 092, from the 1950s to the1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully launched (下水) China’s first nuclear submarine, and it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine launched in 1954. As China’s navy (海军) started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the “  △  ”. Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills, Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine. Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He gave away over 20 million yuan of his money to support scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry (产业) and national defense (国防), which encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger. In 2019, Huang Xuhua was awarded the Medal of the Republic. 1．Which one is the best to fill in the blank? A．Teacher of the Year. B．Founder of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. C．Best Scientist in the World. D．Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines. 2．What can we know about Huang’s work on nuclear submarines? A．It was easy and quick. B．It was secret and challenging. C．It was public and simple. D．It was boring and unimportant. 3．What does the underlined word “overcame” in paragraph 4 mean? A．took off B．gave away C．dealt with D．looked up 4．Which of the following is the right order of Huang Xuhua’s life? ①Received the Medal of the Republic. ②Was called to Beijing to work on the nuclear submarine program. ③Studied at National Chiao Tung University. ④Launched China’s first nuclear submarine. A．③-②-④-① B．②-③-④-① C．①-④-②-③ D．④-①-③-② 5．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua’s life? A．Study hard and make our country strong. B．Only care about our own interests. C．Keep secrets all the time. D．Work hard in our lives. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文介绍了中国核潜艇之父黄旭华的生平事迹与卓越贡献，讲述了他隐姓埋名三十年、克服重重困难研发核潜艇的历程，以及他无私奉献的精神。 1．根据第一段第二句“Huang was known as the chief designer of China's first nuclear submarines”以及第三段人们开始称呼他的语境，结合选项，D选项“中国核潜艇之父”最符合其身份和贡献。 2．根据第二段“For 30 years, his work had been a secret”以及第四段“overcame many difficulties”，可知他的工作是保密且充满挑战的。 3．划线词所在句为“He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties”。根据语境，此处意为“克服”，选项C“dealt with”意为“处理、应对”。 4．根据文中时间线索梳理：③1945至1949年在交通大学学习；②1958年被秘密召至北京；④1970年发射第一艘核潜艇；①2019年获得共和国勋章。正确顺序为③-②-④-①。 5．根据文章最后一段“encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger”，可知我们从黄旭华身上学到的主要是努力学习、报效祖国的精神。 Jane Goodall is a famous scientist. For more than 40 years, Goodall lived mostly in Tanzania in East Africa, studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩). As a young child, Jane Goodall was interested in animals. She grew up in the English countryside and was always climbing trees or riding horses. When Jane was 23, she got a chance to go to Africa. Even though she had never been to college, she got a job with a famous scientist named Louis Leakey. One day Louis Leakey said he needed a volunteer. He needed someone to go to a lake in Tanzania to study a kind of chimpanzee. Jane was excited. On July 16, 1960, she began her exploration (探索). At first, the chimpanzees ran away from Jane. But with time passing, they got used to her being around. Every day, Jane would follow the chimpanzees, taking notes on their behavior. She learned many new things about chimpanzees. She watched how a chimpanzee made a tool. She learned how some chimpanzees became good leaders. She watched how mother chimpanzees raised their children. She watched animals get angry and get upset. She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did. She learned that if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are “saying”.​ 1．What is the correct order of the following according to the passage? a. Jane went to Africa. b. Jane started her exploration. c. Jane worked with Louis Leakey. d. Jane was born in the countryside. e. Jane followed chimpanzees. A．d—a—e—b—c B．b—a—c—d—e C．a—d—c—b—e D．d—a—c—b—e 2．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Give in. B．Set off. C．Bring up. D．Put up. 3．Jane ________ the chimpanzees’ behavior to help others understand them. A．wrote down B．took pictures of C．made videos of D．drew pictures about 4．From the passage we can infer (推断) that ________. A．mother chimpanzees raise their children B．people can communicate with animals C．animals don’t get excited D．chimpanzees make tools 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Jane Goodall’s College Life B．Jane Goodall’s Family C．Jane Goodall, a Famous Scientist D．Jane Goodall and Louis Leakey 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了著名科学家珍·古道尔的生平，介绍了她从童年对动物感兴趣，到前往非洲研究黑猩猩、记录它们行为的经历。 1．事件顺序为：d. Jane was born in the countryside → a. Jane went to Africa → c. Jane worked with Louis Leakey → b. Jane started her exploration → e. Jane followed chimpanzees，对应选项D（d—a—c—b—e）。 2．文中句子“She watched how mother chimpanzees raised their children.”中，“raised”意为“抚养、养育”，与选项C“Bring up（养育）”意思一致。 3．文中最后一段提到“She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did.”，说明珍·古道尔记录下黑猩猩的行为，以帮助他人理解它们，对应选项A。 4．由文中“if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are ‘saying’”可推断人们能够与动物交流，故选B。 5．全文围绕珍·古道尔这位著名科学家的经历展开，因此最佳标题是“Jane Goodall, a Famous Scientist”，对应选项C。 The number of people living in the rainforest (雨林) is rising, but the rainforest itself is becoming smaller! During the 20th century, people cut down huge areas of rainforest. More and more people in Brazil and Indonesia moved into rainforest areas to find land for living. Local farmers cut down trees to grow crops (庄稼). Large companies have also moved into the rainforest to develop their factories. The problem is that the area of the rainforest is becoming smaller and smaller. Scientists say that people should stop destroying (破坏) the rainforest because it is harming the earth. But why? Rainforest plants help to clean the air. What’s more, people can use different parts of rainforest plants to produce useful medicines. It may be the key to solving serious health problems. So how can we solve the problem? Governments can make some rules to protect their forests. Companies can create jobs elsewhere so that fewer people have to live and work in the rainforest. Governments should encourage farmers to plant crops in certain areas. This helps to protect the soil and produce better crops. For more than half of the plants and animals living in the rainforest, we can't find them anywhere else in the world. So it is important to make sure that people use and protect rainforest well. 1．Which of the following can describe the number of people living in the rainforest? A． B． C． 2．Why did some people in Brazil and Indonesia move into the rainforest areas? A．To live a quiet life. B．To find land for living. C．To enjoy the fresh air. 3．What does the underlined word “harming” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese? A．拯救 B．损害 C．描述 4．How can farmers protect the rainforest? A．By making some rules for forests. B．By creating jobs elsewhere. C．By planting crops in certain areas. 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To ask more people to protect the rainforest. B．To ask people to plant trees in the rainforest. C．To ask people to learn more about the rainforest. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了热带雨林所面临的一些问题，并给出了一些保护雨林的方法。 1．第一段中的“The number of people living in the rainforest is rising”指出居住在热带雨林中的人口数量正在增长，图A符合人口数量上升的趋势。 2．第二段中的“More and more people in Brazil and Indonesia moved into rainforest areas to find land for living.”提到巴西和印度尼西亚的一些人进入雨林地区是为了寻找可居住的土地。 3．第三段“Scientists say that people should stop destroying the rainforest because it is harming the earth.”提到人们破坏雨林，科学家呼吁停止破坏，可推测破坏雨林会损伤地球，harming的词义是“损害”。 4．第四段“Governments should encourage farmers to plant crops in certain areas.”提到农民可以通过在特定区域种植庄稼的方式来保护雨林。 5．通读全文可知，文章讲述了雨林面临的问题以及保护雨林的方法等，目的是呼吁人们保护雨林。 As a nature photographer, I have to face the wind and the rain bravely, but I still enjoy working outside in the wild. One of the best things about this job is: You can observe (观察) animals in their natural environment. My favourite place to take photos is Yellowstone National Park. As the world’s first national park, Yellowstone is famous for the variety (种类) of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears. These huge, strong animals can live for about 20 years. Despite a weight of up to 300 pounds, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers. Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path that took me through a dark forest. When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle (雕) flew over the mountains. They were reflected in the lake below. While I was photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly felt that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye, I turned … and froze. Only metres away from me was a bear. With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me. Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first. My legs started shaking. Somehow, I forced (强迫) my finger to press the button. A second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest. When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera. My most frightening but magical experience was now kept forever in a single image. From time to time, I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the bears in the passage? A．They have a weight of up to 30 pounds. B．They are huge but good at swimming. C．They are strong and can live for at least 30 years. D．They can swim at a speed of 64 kilometres per hour. 2．What does the underlined word “breathtaking” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．excellent B．scary C．interesting D．shocking 3．Which is the right order of the following? a. I felt I was being watched. b. I admired the landscape. c. I took a photo of the bear. d. The bear ran away. e. I walked through a forest. f. I saw a bear. A．eabcdf B．eabfdc C．ebfadc D．ebafcd 4．According to the passage, what does the writer suggest towards wildlife? A．Love. B．Caring. C．Respect. D．Hunt. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了一位自然摄影师在黄石国家公园拍摄时偶遇野熊的惊险经历，展现了野生动物的特点，并强调了人类应尊重自然、尊重动物的态度。 1．根据第二段“These huge, strong animals can live for about 20 years. Despite a weight of up to 300 pounds, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers.”可知，文中提到熊体型庞大、强壮，体重可达300磅，时速约64公里，还是优秀的游泳健将。 2．根据第三段“When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle flew over the mountains. They were reflected in the lake below.”可知，作者走出树林后看到了令人震撼的美景：鹰掠过群山，倒映在湖面。结合上下文，breathtaking形容景色极好、令人惊叹，与excellent（极好的）含义最接近。 3．根据第三段事件发展顺序：首先“followed a path that took me through a dark forest”（e.穿过森林）；接着“stepped out... view was breathtaking”（b.欣赏风景）；然后“felt that I was being watched”（a.感觉被注视）；转身发现“Only metres away from me was a bear”（f.看见熊）；然后“press the button”（c.拍照）；最后“bear turned and ran back”（d.熊跑开）。因此正确顺序是：e-b-a-f-c-d。 4．根据最后一段“From time to time, I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world.”可知，作者通过这次经历提醒自己要尊重所有动物，强调人类是动物世界的访客，应心怀敬意。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习之阅读理解12篇 （Units 1-6单元话题） 单元 单元话题 Unit 1 Career talks 生涯规划，工作与职业 Unit 2 Growing pains and gains 成长的烦恼与收获 Unit 3 What makes a great team? 团队合作 Unit 4 Helping out 助人奉献 Unit 5 Looking into nature 探索自然 Unit 6 Living with nature 自然共生 本资料共12篇专题训练，从上到下每单元依次对应2篇单元话题专题训练 Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life. So, choosing a job is one of the most important decisions to make in life. For my job, there are three important things that I will consider: The first one—that I must work in an area I like—is most important to me. Someone once said if you find a job that you enjoy, then you won’t have to work another day. I would like to work in an area where I can be more creative. I would like to be the most valuable member there. All this is possible only if I like what I do. The second one is that the area of my work must lead me to solve some new and hard problems. I would like to stay in the same area for a long time. In order for this to happen, the work must provide enough problems. More than just working to live, I enjoy making a difference and trying my best for the whole progress. I would also like to be well remunerated for my hard work, so I can lead a comfortable life with this hard-won money. Then I can provide the best for my family. The third important thing is that I would like to work in an area that would help other people. The work in my mind is in fields such as the army, training or management. In such areas, I can help to develop the abilities of others and bring out their best. It would be a most satisfying job to help young people to become the best that they can be. When I become old, I would like to look back with a great sense of satisfaction that thousands of people have become better persons through my work. I accept the idea that no one should make a choice of a job suddenly or quickly. He should decide what he wants to be in the long run. Then, he should decide how he works towards it. He should study the proper courses, read the books and speak to knowledgeable persons in that field before making a job choice. A good choice will most probably lead to a better life. 1．According to the passage, a good job choice probably makes people ________. A．solve fewer problems B．choose a good life C．be good family members 2．The writer considers an enjoyable job most important because ________. A．he has to bring out his best B．it can make him more creative C．he will have to work another day 3．The underlined word “remunerated” in the passage means “________”. A．trained B．praised C．paid 4．The writer wants to tell us that everyone should ________. A．become a knowledgeable person B．join the army to become a better person C．make preparations to find a satisfying job 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．My Job Choice B．My Favorite Job C．My Comfortable Life For Chen Sheng, a young man in Meitan, Guizhou Province, caring for the old people is more than a job. It’s a calling in his heart. Chen Sheng grew up with his grandparents, and his dream was to take care of more old people. After finishing school with a degree (学位) in healthcare, Chen Sheng completed eight months of training in a local hospital and started to work in a nursing home. In his early working days, what he met was more difficult than he thought. He got up at 6 a.m. to help with morning tasks. He provided full bedside care, especially for the old people who had to stay in bed all the time. Often, his day didn’t end until 11 p.m. He wanted to give up at first, but after a period, the warmth and trust he got from the old changed his mind. Using his healthcare knowledge, Chen Sheng takes care of old people in a right way, including body check, health guidance, advice on food and so on. “I arrived at the nursing home with lots of illnesses and could only lie in bed. After two months of good care by Chen Sheng, I was able to walk again by myself. Life here is very convenient, just like at home,” said Grandpa Li. Moreover, Chen Sheng gives emotional (情感的) support. He always offers comfort in time when a grandpa or a grandma is sad. Grandma Sun likes to talk with Chen Sheng every day and always shares the things she thinks valuable. Grandma Sun feels warm and happy because of Chen Sheng. Her family thanks him for his great love. As the needs for elderly care continue to grow, more and more young people, including those born after 2000, have come to work in nursing homes. They are making every effort to take good care of old people and make them live a happy life. 1．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1? A．Nursing is hard and tiring work. B．The old people call Chen Sheng for nursing. C．Chen Sheng shows his deep love for nursing. D．Chen Sheng dreams about a better job than nursing. 2．According to the passage, what did Chen Sheng do for the old people in his early working days? a. He made breakfast. b. He helped with morning tasks. c. He provided full bedside care. d. He cleaned the rooms daily. A．ab B．bc C．cd D．ad 3．Which of the following can best describe Chen Sheng according to the passage? A．Clever and rich. B．Serious and brave. C．Warm-hearted and patient. D．Helpful and humorous. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Normally, Chen Sheng had to work till midnight in his working days. B．Young people enter the nursing industry because it’s a well-paid job. C．Grandpa Li was able to walk by himself before coming to the nursing home. D．Chen Sheng’s growing experience encouraged him to work in the nursing home. 5．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards Chen’s behavior? A．Positive. B．Curious. C．Doubtful. D．Uncertain. In Changsha, Hunan Province, there is a special place at Yingbin Road Metro Station. It is called the emotion transition (转变) centre. Inside the centre, there is an emotion wall. On the wall, there are different buttons (按钮) like “Happy”, “Loving”, “Unhappy”, and more. People can press (按压) the button that best shows how they feel. The most popular button is “Super Happy”. So far, it has been pressed over 660,000 times! People can also hug soft toys and take photos with them. These toys can help them feel less stressed. There is also a soft wall for punching (拳打). A screen shows how strong the punch is— the harder you hit, the higher the number. The centre has attracted many visitors from different places. Yu Qing is from Ningbo. She saw pictures of the centre online and thought it was so cool that she decided to visit it. After pressing the “Super Love” button, she said she really enjoyed it. Tang Minghao is a 6-year-old boy from Shaoyang. He also visited the centre and felt very happy. Shen Junwen is a 22-year-old student from Tianjin. He said that the centre helps people understand their emotions and learn how to manage them. Now, the emotion transition centre has become very popular online. Many people say it helps them feel good and manage stress. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By listing a fact. C．By giving an example. 2．What does the underlined word “emotion” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．A place to take photos. B．A way to show how one feels. C．A kind of wall with buttons. 3．What will happen when people punch the soft wall? A．They will get a photo. B．A toy will give them a hug. C．They can see a number on a screen. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．A Cool Centre for Young People B．Feel Better at Changsha C．The Emotion Transition Centre in Changsha ①Everyone may feel worried or stressed in their daily life. Teenagers are sometimes in low spirits because of schoolwork or relationships. Luckily, there are some simple and useful ways to improve our mood (心情). ②We can communicate with people around us. When we talk to our parents, teachers or good friends about our worries, we will feel relaxed soon. Their support and advice can help us solve problems and cheer up quickly. ③Taking up a hobby is a great choice. We can do some sports, enjoy beautiful music, read fun books or paint pictures. Doing something we enjoy can take our minds off unhappy things. ④We should learn to relax ourselves. We can take a break, stay away from worries for a while and enjoy the beauty of nature. Fresh air and nice views can help us keep calm and think clearly. ⑤What’s more, we need to be confident. Difficulties are common and they will go away sooner or later. We should face them with a positive heart and never lose hope. ⑥In short, whenever we feel unhappy, we should choose healthy ways to relax. In this way, we can keep a good mood and grow up healthily and happily. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By making a list. C．By asking a question. D．By using a general truth. 2．What is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．What is the best title of the passage? A．Ways to Keep Happy B．Ways to Make Friends C．Ways to Study Well D．Ways to Keep Healthy What makes a great team? This is a question that everyone in sports and work wants to answer. A great team is not just about having the best players or the most talented people, but about having the right spirit and teamwork. First, trust is the foundation (基础) of a great team. Every member should believe in their teammates. They know that their teammates will help them when they are in trouble. Without trust, a team is just a group of people and can’t achieve anything. Second, good communication is very important. Team members should talk to each other often, share their ideas and listen to others’ opinions. When there is good communication, the team can make better decisions and solve problems more easily. Third, a great team can learn from mistakes. Making mistakes is a part of life. The important thing is not to be afraid of mistakes, but to learn from them and improve. A great team never gives up because of mistakes. Finally, pulling together is the key. In a great team, every member works hard for the team, not for themselves. They help each other and fight together for the same goal. When all members pull together, nothing can stop them from succeeding. In short, trust, communication, learning from mistakes and pulling together make a great team. 1．What is the foundation of a great team? A．Talent B．Trust C．Communication D．Hard work 2．What can help the team make better decisions? A．Good communication B．Great players C．A good leader D．More practice 3．What should a great team do when they make mistakes? A．Be afraid of them B．Give up because of them C．Learn from them D．Forget them quickly 4．What is the key to making a great team? A．Having the best players B．Pulling together C．Making no mistakes D．A famous leader 5．How many qualities of a great team are mentioned in the passage? A．Three B．Four C．Five D．Six In a small town, two bakeries (面包店), one owned by Mrs. Lee and the other by Mr. Brown, were famous for their bread. The competition between them was very fierce (激烈的). One year, the price of flour went up very high. Both bakeries were in trouble. Mrs. Lee’s son thought she should lower the quality of her bread to save money, but she refused. “We must stick to our standards (标准),” she said. Meanwhile, Mr. Brown was also struggling. He thought about closing his bakery. One evening, Mrs. Lee had an idea. The next day, she went to Mr. Brown and said, “Why don’t we buy flour together? We can get a better price, and both of our bakeries can keep running.” Mr. Brown was surprised. He had seen Mrs. Lee as an enemy. But her idea was smart, and her kindness touched him. They agreed to cooperate. Not only did they save their businesses, but they also started to share recipes and ideas. Their town finally had the best bread ever. The competition between them didn’t disappear, but it became friendly and pushed them to improve. They learnt that sometimes, kindness and cooperation can lead to better results for everyone than trying to fight alone.＊The word “flour” means a white powder that is used in cooking for making bread, cakes, and so on. 1．What was the relationship between Mrs. Lee and Mr. Brown at the beginning? A．Good friends. B．Competitors. C．Teacher and student. D．Business partners. 2．The underlined word “struggling” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”. A．growing fast B．feeling relaxed C．having a hard time D．feeling happy 3．According to Paragraph 2, why did Mr. Brown feel surprised at Mrs. Lee’s words? A．Because Mrs. Lee offered to cooperate. B．Because the price of flour went down suddenly. C．Because she found a way to save her bakery alone. D．Because Mrs. Lee decided to lower her bread quality. 4．What is the main idea of the story? A．Competition is always bad. B．The price of flour is very important. C．It’s impossible for competitors to work together. D．Kindness and cooperation create win-win situations. Living in a city for one day with just one yuan seems impossible, but 60 students from Xi’an accepted this challenge. The “One Yuan Metropolis Survival” activity tested students’ living skills while raising money for charity. This event has happened in eight cities and is going to four others including Beijing in May. To face challenges, some students thought of many ways to earn money. They looked for part-time jobs. Zhang Qiyue who is 14 years old asked more than 10 restaurants for a job before finally getting a job as a waiter. “I felt worried when refused, but I got used to it slowly,” he said. After working for eight hours in a day, he earned 200 yuan. Others made use of their artistic abilities in public. Zhao Jiacheng, another 14-year-old student, successfully sold his handmade paper crafts and drawings. “This experience showed that it’s important to develop a special skill,” he said. The money from this event will help poor schools in Tibet. As the activity spreads to more cities, students learn important lessons about never giving up and being creative. This challenge shows that with hard work and skills, young people can solve difficult problems. 1．How many cities have already held this activity before Xi’an? A．4 cities. B．12 cities. C．8 cities. D．10 cities. 2．What can we know from Zhao Jiacheng’s success? A．Art skills are useless in real life. B．Public performances are useful. C．Special talents can help earn money. D．Handicrafts are easy to make for him. 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①/②/③/④ B．①/②/③④ C．①②/③④ D．①/②③/④ 4．What information can we get from the last paragraph? A．The amount of money they raised. B．The educational value of the challenge. C．The students’ opinions about challenge. D．The future working plans for the activity. In a government building in Huai’an, China, you can hear the soft sounds of coffee being made. But this is not a common coffee shop. It’s a “silent café” where baristas (咖啡师) communicate with warm smiles and sign language. This special café is part of a local government plan to help people with disabilities find jobs. It has become a place of hope for the city’s deaf and hearing-impaired (受损的) community, offering new career paths and showing their abilities. Customers can easily order by scanning a QR code or using an online app, so they don’t need to speak. For last-minute changes, there’s an iPad with voice software and a writing board. This model is popular, and the café is a bustling hub. Many delivery drivers (快递员) come to pick up coffee. For Wang Jiali, a 39-year-old barista, working here has changed her life. Wang cannot hear well and uses a special device. She learned everything about making coffee from the start. Now, she and her team make up to 200 drinks every day. It’s hard work, and sometimes there are misunderstandings. Wang remembers a time when a customer got angry because she didn’t hear his order. “After I explained, he felt sorry,” Wang said. “Once we communicated, he understood.” This job has helped Wang grow a lot. She said, “It has helped me build bravery and improved my communication skills.” Her journey from a quiet world to confidently talking with people shows the programme’s great success. This good idea is now being copied in other places. The programme has already helped over 20 people with disabilities, and eight are now trained coffee makers. This café greatly shows how people can deal with difficulties and start new lives. 1．What is the main purpose of the “silent café”? A．To sell special coffee to customers. B．To help disabled people find jobs. C．To teach sign language to baristas. D．To attract more delivery drivers. 2．What does the underlined sentence “the café is a bustling hub” in paragraph 2 mean? A．The café is quiet and peaceful. B．The café is very busy and lively. C．The café only serves delivery drivers. D．The café is difficult to find. 3．Why does the author mention the customer who got angry? A．To tell off some rude customers. B．To show Wang is kind and patient. C．To show communication challenges. D．To explain ordering methods. 4．What can we learn about the café’s programme from the last paragraph? A．It only benefits the staff working there. B．It is limited to the local community. C．It serves as a model for other places. D．It mainly attracts disabled customers. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Sign language: a government plan for job training B．Sign language: how to order without speaking C．The silent café: a quiet place for coffee lovers D．The silent café: a place of hope and new beginnings Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China. Huang was known as the chief designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇). Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 091 and Type 092, from the 1950s to the1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully launched (下水) China’s first nuclear submarine, and it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine launched in 1954. As China’s navy (海军) started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the “  △  ”. Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills, Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine. Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He gave away over 20 million yuan of his money to support scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry (产业) and national defense (国防), which encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger. In 2019, Huang Xuhua was awarded the Medal of the Republic. 1．Which one is the best to fill in the blank? A．Teacher of the Year. B．Founder of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. C．Best Scientist in the World. D．Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines. 2．What can we know about Huang’s work on nuclear submarines? A．It was easy and quick. B．It was secret and challenging. C．It was public and simple. D．It was boring and unimportant. 3．What does the underlined word “overcame” in paragraph 4 mean? A．took off B．gave away C．dealt with D．looked up 4．Which of the following is the right order of Huang Xuhua’s life? ①Received the Medal of the Republic. ②Was called to Beijing to work on the nuclear submarine program. ③Studied at National Chiao Tung University. ④Launched China’s first nuclear submarine. A．③-②-④-① B．②-③-④-① C．①-④-②-③ D．④-①-③-② 5．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua’s life? A．Study hard and make our country strong. B．Only care about our own interests. C．Keep secrets all the time. D．Work hard in our lives. Jane Goodall is a famous scientist. For more than 40 years, Goodall lived mostly in Tanzania in East Africa, studying chimpanzees (黑猩猩). As a young child, Jane Goodall was interested in animals. She grew up in the English countryside and was always climbing trees or riding horses. When Jane was 23, she got a chance to go to Africa. Even though she had never been to college, she got a job with a famous scientist named Louis Leakey. One day Louis Leakey said he needed a volunteer. He needed someone to go to a lake in Tanzania to study a kind of chimpanzee. Jane was excited. On July 16, 1960, she began her exploration (探索). At first, the chimpanzees ran away from Jane. But with time passing, they got used to her being around. Every day, Jane would follow the chimpanzees, taking notes on their behavior. She learned many new things about chimpanzees. She watched how a chimpanzee made a tool. She learned how some chimpanzees became good leaders. She watched how mother chimpanzees raised their children. She watched animals get angry and get upset. She wrote everything down so others would understand animals as she did. She learned that if you pay really close attention to animals, you will understand what they are “saying”.​ 1．What is the correct order of the following according to the passage? a. Jane went to Africa. b. Jane started her exploration. c. Jane worked with Louis Leakey. d. Jane was born in the countryside. e. Jane followed chimpanzees. A．d—a—e—b—c B．b—a—c—d—e C．a—d—c—b—e D．d—a—c—b—e 2．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Give in. B．Set off. C．Bring up. D．Put up. 3．Jane ________ the chimpanzees’ behavior to help others understand them. A．wrote down B．took pictures of C．made videos of D．drew pictures about 4．From the passage we can infer (推断) that ________. A．mother chimpanzees raise their children B．people can communicate with animals C．animals don’t get excited D．chimpanzees make tools 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．Jane Goodall’s College Life B．Jane Goodall’s Family C．Jane Goodall, a Famous Scientist D．Jane Goodall and Louis Leakey The number of people living in the rainforest (雨林) is rising, but the rainforest itself is becoming smaller! During the 20th century, people cut down huge areas of rainforest. More and more people in Brazil and Indonesia moved into rainforest areas to find land for living. Local farmers cut down trees to grow crops (庄稼). Large companies have also moved into the rainforest to develop their factories. The problem is that the area of the rainforest is becoming smaller and smaller. Scientists say that people should stop destroying (破坏) the rainforest because it is harming the earth. But why? Rainforest plants help to clean the air. What’s more, people can use different parts of rainforest plants to produce useful medicines. It may be the key to solving serious health problems. So how can we solve the problem? Governments can make some rules to protect their forests. Companies can create jobs elsewhere so that fewer people have to live and work in the rainforest. Governments should encourage farmers to plant crops in certain areas. This helps to protect the soil and produce better crops. For more than half of the plants and animals living in the rainforest, we can't find them anywhere else in the world. So it is important to make sure that people use and protect rainforest well. 1．Which of the following can describe the number of people living in the rainforest? A． B． C． 2．Why did some people in Brazil and Indonesia move into the rainforest areas? A．To live a quiet life. B．To find land for living. C．To enjoy the fresh air. 3．What does the underlined word “harming” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese? A．拯救 B．损害 C．描述 4．How can farmers protect the rainforest? A．By making some rules for forests. B．By creating jobs elsewhere. C．By planting crops in certain areas. 5．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To ask more people to protect the rainforest. B．To ask people to plant trees in the rainforest. C．To ask people to learn more about the rainforest. As a nature photographer, I have to face the wind and the rain bravely, but I still enjoy working outside in the wild. One of the best things about this job is: You can observe (观察) animals in their natural environment. My favourite place to take photos is Yellowstone National Park. As the world’s first national park, Yellowstone is famous for the variety (种类) of its wildlife, but it is probably best known for its bears. These huge, strong animals can live for about 20 years. Despite a weight of up to 300 pounds, they can run at a speed of around 64 kilometres per hour and are also excellent swimmers. Last spring in Yellowstone, I followed a path that took me through a dark forest. When I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle (雕) flew over the mountains. They were reflected in the lake below. While I was photographing this amazing scene, I suddenly felt that I was being watched. Slowly, and with the camera still held to my eye, I turned … and froze. Only metres away from me was a bear. With water falling off its thick, brown hair, the bear stared back at me. Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first. My legs started shaking. Somehow, I forced (强迫) my finger to press the button. A second later, the bear turned and ran back into the forest. When I recovered from the shock, I looked at my camera. My most frightening but magical experience was now kept forever in a single image. From time to time, I look at the photo as a reminder to show respect to all animals. It is after all we who are the visitors to their world. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the bears in the passage? A．They have a weight of up to 30 pounds. B．They are huge but good at swimming. C．They are strong and can live for at least 30 years. D．They can swim at a speed of 64 kilometres per hour. 2．What does the underlined word “breathtaking” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．excellent B．scary C．interesting D．shocking 3．Which is the right order of the following? a. I felt I was being watched. b. I admired the landscape. c. I took a photo of the bear. d. The bear ran away. e. I walked through a forest. f. I saw a bear. A．eabcdf B．eabfdc C．ebfadc D．ebafcd 4．According to the passage, what does the writer suggest towards wildlife? A．Love. B．Caring. C．Respect. D．Hunt. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $