内容正文:
外研版九上Unit 4词汇备课
1. fearless /ˈfɪələs/ adj. 无畏的,不怕的
近义词: brave, courageous, daring
反义词: fearful, afraid, scared
词性转换: fear n. 害怕;fearlessly adv. 无畏地
固定搭配: be fearless of sth 不怕某物
例句: Grandma was a fearless soldier.
翻译: 奶奶是一位无畏的战士。
练习题:
1. She showed no ________ (fear) in danger. → 答案: fear
2. He fought ________ (fear) in the competition. → 答案: fearlessly
2. bravely /ˈbreɪvli/ adv. 勇敢地,无畏地
近义词: courageously, fearlessly, boldly
反义词: cowardly, timidly
词性转换: brave adj. 勇敢的;bravery n. 勇敢
固定搭配: fight bravely 勇敢战斗
例句: She bravely died for her country.
翻译: 她为她的国家勇敢牺牲。
练习题:
1. He is a ________ (brave) boy. → 答案: brave
2. Her ________ (brave) was admired by everyone. → 答案: bravery
3. footstep /ˈfʊtstep/ n. 足迹
近义词: step, footprint, track
固定搭配: follow in one’s footsteps 追随某人的足迹
例句: I followed her footsteps across China.
翻译: 我追随她的足迹走遍中国。
练习题:
1. I heard heavy ________ (footstep) behind me. → 答案: footsteps
2. He wants to follow in his father’s ________ (foot). → 答案: footsteps
4. northeast /ˌnɔːθˈiːst/ n. 东北,东北方向
近义词: NE
反义词: southwest
词性转换: northeastern adj. 东北的
固定搭配: in the northeast of 在……的东北部
例句: She fought in many places, including the northeast.
翻译: 她在许多地方战斗过,包括东北地区。
练习题:
1. The wind is blowing from the ________ (northeast). → 答案: northeast
2. They live in the ________ (northeast) part of the country. → 答案: northeastern
5. death /deθ/ n. 死,死亡
近义词: passing, end, demise
反义词: life, birth
词性转换: die v. 死;dead adj. 死的;dying adj. 垂死的
固定搭配: to death 致死;put to death 处死
例句: In the letter that Grandma wrote to my father before her death, I found the answer.
翻译: 在奶奶生前写给我父亲的信中,我找到了答案。
练习题:
1. Her dog ________ (die) yesterday. → 答案: died
2. The ________ (dead) of the old man made everyone sad. → 答案: death
6. gentle /ˈdʒentl/ adj. 温和的,温柔的
近义词: kind, soft, tender, mild
反义词: rough, harsh, cruel
词性转换: gently adv. 温柔地;gentleness n. 温柔
固定搭配: gentle voice 温柔的声音
例句: The letter shows the love of a gentle mother.
翻译: 这封信体现了一位温柔母亲的爱。
练习题:
1. She spoke ________ (gentle) to the child. → 答案: gently
2. His ________ (gentle) made everyone feel safe. → 答案: gentleness
7. fighter /ˈfaɪtə/ n. 斗士,奋斗者
近义词: warrior, soldier, combatant
反义词: coward, quitter
词性转换: fight v. 战斗;fighting n. 战斗
固定搭配: a brave fighter 勇敢的斗士
例句: The letter also shows the courage of a brave fighter.
翻译: 这封信也展现了一位勇敢斗士的勇气。
练习题:
1. They ________ (fight) for their rights. → 答案: fought
2. He is a freedom ________ (fight). → 答案: fighter
8. pity /ˈpɪti/ n. 可惜,遗憾
近义词: regret, shame, sympathy
反义词: joy, satisfaction
词性转换: pitiful adj. 可怜的;pitiless adj. 无情的
固定搭配: What a pity! 真可惜!;feel pity for 同情
例句: It’s a pity that I can’t complete my duty.
翻译: 很遗憾我无法完成我的职责。
练习题:
1. ________ a pity! You missed the show. → 答案: What
2. She looked at him with ________ (pity). → 答案: pity
9. war /wɔː/ n. 战争
近义词: battle, conflict, fight
反义词: peace, truce
词性转换: wartime n. 战时;warrior n. 战士
固定搭配: world war 世界大战;go to war 参战
例句: The story is set during the war.
翻译: 这个故事发生在战争期间。
练习题:
1. The country has been at ________ (war) for three years. → 答案: war
2. Many soldiers died in the ________ (war). → 答案: war
10. fixed /fɪkst/ adj. 固定的;不变的
近义词: set, established, unchanged
反义词: changeable, flexible
词性转换: fix v. 固定;fixing n. 固定
固定搭配: fixed period 固定时期
例句: People can only fish during a fixed period of the year.
翻译: 人们只能在一年中的固定时期捕鱼。
练习题:
1. The price is ________ (fix). → 答案: fixed
2. Can you ________ (fix) the broken chair? → 答案: fix
11. unchanging /ʌnˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/ adj. 不变的,恒定的
近义词: constant, stable, fixed
反义词: changing, variable
词性转换: change v. 改变;changeable adj. 易变的
固定搭配: unchanging truth 不变的真理
例句: People’s understanding of something is not unchanging.
翻译: 人们对某事的理解不是一成不变的。
练习题:
1. The weather here is ________ (change) in spring. → 答案: changeable
2. His love for her is ________ (change). → 答案: unchanging
12. entry /ˈentri/ n. (日记的)一则
近义词: note, record, item
固定搭配: diary entry 日记一则
例句: Read the diary entry.
翻译: 读这则日记。
练习题:
1. She wrote an ________ (entry) in her journal. → 答案: entry
2. The museum ________ (entry) is free on Sundays. → 答案: entry(入口)
13. battle /ˈbætl/ n. 战斗,战役
近义词: fight, conflict, struggle
反义词: truce, peace
词性转换: battle v. 战斗
固定搭配: win/lose a battle 赢/输一场战斗
例句: He fought in the battle.
翻译: 他参加了那场战斗。
练习题:
1. The soldiers ________ (battle) bravely. → 答案: battled
2. They won the ________ (battle) but lost the war. → 答案: battle
14. temperature /ˈtemprətʃə/ n. 温度,气温
近义词: climate, heat, cold
固定搭配: take one’s temperature 量体温;high/low temperature 高温/低温
例句: The temperature then was as low as -40°C.
翻译: 那时的温度低至零下40摄氏度。
练习题:
1. The doctor took my ________ (temperature). → 答案: temperature
2. The ________ (temperature) dropped suddenly last night. → 答案: temperature
15. selfless /ˈselfləs/ adj. 忘我的,无私的
近义词: unselfish, altruistic, generous
反义词: selfish, self-centered
词性转换: self n. 自我;selflessly adv. 无私地
固定搭配: selfless devotion 无私的奉献
例句: He is a selfless person who always thinks of others.
翻译: 他是一个无私的人,总是为他人着想。
练习题:
1. She works ________ (self) for the community. → 答案: selflessly
2. His ________ (self) was admired by all. → 答案: selflessness
16. heroic /hɪˈrəʊɪk/ adj. 英雄的,英勇的
近义词: brave, courageous, valiant
反义词: cowardly
词性转换: hero n. 英雄;heroically adv. 英勇地
固定搭配: heroic act 英勇行为
例句: People respect heroes and heroic actions.
翻译: 人们尊敬英雄和英勇的行为。
练习题:
1. He is a national ________ (hero). → 答案: hero
2. She acted ________ (hero) in the face of danger. → 答案: heroically
17. loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/ adj. 忠贞的,忠实的,忠诚的
近义词: faithful, devoted, trustworthy
反义词: disloyal, unfaithful
词性转换: loyalty n. 忠诚;loyally adv. 忠诚地
固定搭配: loyal to sb/sth 对某人/某物忠诚
例句: The dog is very loyal to its owner.
翻译: 这只狗对主人非常忠诚。
练习题:
1. His ________ (loyal) to the team is unquestionable. → 答案: loyalty
2. She served the king ________ (loyal). → 答案: loyally
18. recommend /ˌrekəˈmend/ v. 劝告,建议
近义词: suggest, advise, propose
反义词: discourage
词性转换: recommendation n. 推荐,建议
固定搭配: recommend doing sth 建议做某事;recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
例句: I would like to recommend a role model for our class.
翻译: 我想为我们班推荐一位榜样。
练习题:
1. Can you give me some ________ (recommend) for a good book? → 答案: recommendations
2. I ________ (recommend) that you see a doctor. → 答案: recommend
19. dreamer /ˈdriːmə/ n. 做梦的人
近义词: idealist, visionary
反义词: realist
词性转换: dream v./n. 梦想;dreamy adj. 梦幻的
固定搭配: a big dreamer 一个有大梦想的人
例句: He is a dreamer who never gives up.
翻译: 他是一个从不放弃的梦想家。
练习题:
1. She ________ (dream) of becoming a doctor. → 答案: dreams
2. Don’t be such a ________ (dream). Face reality. → 答案: dreamer
20. burning /ˈbɜːnɪŋ/ adj. 火热的;灼热的
近义词: hot, blazing, flaming
反义词: cool, freezing
词性转换: burn v. 燃烧;burnt adj. 烧焦的
固定搭配: burning sun 烈日
例句: Under the burning sun, an elderly man moved slowly.
翻译: 在火热的阳光下,一位老人缓慢地移动着。
练习题:
1. The house ________ (burn) down last night. → 答案: burned/burnt
2. She felt a ________ (burn) pain in her leg. → 答案: burning
21. countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj. 无数的,数不尽的
近义词: numerous, infinite, endless
反义词: few, limited
词性转换: count v. 数;countable adj. 可数的
固定搭配: countless times 无数次
例句: He worked from morning to night, checking countless rice plants.
翻译: 他从早到晚工作,检查无数株水稻。
练习题:
1. She has ________ (count) reasons to be happy. → 答案: countless
2. Can you ________ (count) the stars? → 答案: count
22. president /ˈprezɪdənt/ n. 国家主席;总统
近义词: leader, head of state
反义词: citizen
词性转换: presidential adj. 总统的
固定搭配: vice president 副总统
例句: The president presented him with an award.
翻译: 国家主席向他颁发了奖项。
练习题:
1. He was elected ________ (president) of the club. → 答案: president
2. The ________ (president) election is held every four years. → 答案: presidential
23. republic /rɪˈpʌblɪk/ n. 共和国
近义词: nation, state, country
反义词: monarchy, kingdom
词性转换: republican adj. 共和国的
固定搭配: People’s Republic 人民共和国
例句: He was presented with the Medal of the Republic.
翻译: 他被授予了共和国勋章。
练习题:
1. France is a ________ (republic). → 答案: republic
2. The ________ (republic) government was established in 1949. → 答案: republican
24. productive /prəˈdʌktɪv/ adj. 多产的
近义词: fruitful, efficient, fertile
反义词: unproductive, barren
词性转换: product n. 产品;production n. 生产
固定搭配: productive land 肥沃的土地
例句: He dreamed of developing more productive rice plants.
翻译: 他梦想培育更高产的水稻。
练习题:
1. The factory increased its ________ (product). → 答案: production
2. This is a ________ (product) meeting. → 答案: productive
25. type /taɪp/ n. 类型,种类
近义词: kind, sort, variety, category
词性转换: typical adj. 典型的;typically adv. 典型地
固定搭配: different types of 不同种类的
例句: He succeeded in developing new types of rice plants.
翻译: 他成功培育出了新型水稻。
练习题:
1. What ________ (type) of music do you like? → 答案: type
2. It is ________ (type) of him to be late. → 答案: typical
26. soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤,土地,泥土
近义词: earth, ground, dirt, land
固定搭配: rich soil 肥沃的土壤;poor soil 贫瘠的土壤
例句: Another type could grow in the poor soils.
翻译: 另一种可以在贫瘠的土壤中生长。
练习题:
1. The ________ (soil) here is very rich. → 答案: soil
2. Plants need good ________ (soil) to grow. → 答案: soil
27. socialist /ˈsəʊʃəlɪst/ adj. 社会主义的
反义词: capitalist
词性转换: socialism n. 社会主义;social adj. 社会的
固定搭配: socialist country 社会主义国家
例句: Yuan Longping helped build China into a modern socialist country.
翻译: 袁隆平帮助中国建设成为现代化社会主义国家。
练习题:
1. ________ (social) is an economic system. → 答案: Socialism
2. She supports the ________ (social) party. → 答案: socialist
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