Unit 2 Great ideas 单元培优练习卷 2026-2027学年沪教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 本卷为沪教版九年级上学期英语Unit 2 "Great ideas"单元培优卷，以科学史（阿基米德、伽利略等）和科技前沿（AI）为情境，融合语言能力与思维品质培养，适配单元复习巩固与能力提升。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择填空|10题/10分|连词、时态、语态等|以阿基米德故事为情境，考查语法在语篇中的应用| |五选四|2篇/8分|词汇辨析（consider, achievement等）|聚焦伽利略、爱因斯坦事迹，渗透文化意识| |阅读理解|4篇/46分|信息匹配、细节理解、推理判断|含科学故事（Eureka时刻）和AI话题，培养思维品质| |写作|1题/10分|邮件写作（分享great idea）|结合社区/发明/学校问题，提升语言表达与创新应用能力|

Unit 2 Great ideas 单元培优练习卷-2026-2027学年9年级上学期英语（沪教版） 第二部分 语法与词汇（36分） II. 语法选择填空（10题，每题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Every morning, Archimedes walked to the palace to teach the young prince. One day, the king showed him a beautiful golden crown. "The crown maker says it's pure gold, ___1___ I doubt it," the king said. Archimedes took the crown and thought deeply. He had been thinking about the problem for several days ___2___ he finally found the solution. While taking a bath, he noticed that water ___3___ when he got into the tub. "Eureka!" he shouted. Back in the palace, Archimedes prepared an experiment. First, he ___4___ a piece of pure gold. Then he put both the gold and the crown into water separately. The crown displaced more water than the gold. This ___5___ that the crown was not pure gold. The king was ___6___ satisfied with Archimedes' discovery. The crown maker had tried to fool the king, but his trick was discovered. ___7___ the clever experiment, the crown maker was sent to prison. This story teaches us that a great idea can come from ___8___ as ordinary as taking a bath. We ___9___ always keep our eyes open and think creatively. Sometimes the best solutions ___10___ in the most unexpected moments. 1. A. and B. but C. so 2. A. when B. because C. before 3. A. ran over B. runs over C. is running over 4. A. measured B. measures C. has measured 5. A. was proved B. proved C. has proved 6. A. complete B. completely C. more complete 7. A. Because of B. Because C. So that 8. A. nothing B. something C. anything 9. A. can B. may C. should 10. A. find B. to find C. are found III. 五选四（2篇，共8分） 第一篇：从下面方框中选择适当的词填入短文中，每词限用一次。有两个多余选项。 actually achievement consider humorous rejected Galileo was one of the greatest scientists in history. Many people ___11___ him as the father of modern science. He made careful observations of the universe and discovered that the Earth moves around the sun. However, not everyone accepted his ideas. The church strongly ___12___ his theory because it went against their traditional beliefs. Galileo was put under house arrest for the rest of his life. ___13___, his work did not stop. He continued to write and study. Today, we realize that his work was a great ___14___ that changed human understanding forever. His courage to seek truth inspires scientists around the world. 第二篇：从下面方框中选择适当的词填入短文中，每词限用一次。有两个多余选项。 pleasure balanced sense applause humour Albert Einstein was not only a genius in physics but also a man with a great ___15___ of humour. He once said, "Creativity is intelligence having fun." When Einstein gave a lecture, the audience would often burst into ___16___ at the end. He believed that a ___17___ life requires both hard work and relaxation. He enjoyed playing the violin in his free time, finding great ___18___ in music. His charming personality made him loved by people all over the world. Even today, his name is synonymous with genius and kindness. IV. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（8小题，每题1分，共8分） 用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子。每空格限填一词。 The Story of Thomas Edison Thomas Edison was one of the most famous inventors in history. He had a great (19. able) __________ to solve difficult problems. When he was young, his (20. teach) __________ encouraged him to ask many questions. Edison's (21. decide) __________ to become an inventor changed his life. He worked tirelessly in his laboratory, often forgetting to eat or sleep. His (22. excite) __________ discovery came when he invented the light bulb after thousands of failed attempts. "I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work," he said (23. humorous) __________. His inventions had a great (24. significant) __________ on modern life. He believed that genius was one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent (25. effort) __________. Edison proved that (26. success) __________ people are not born; they are made through hard work and strong belief. V. 按要求填写句子，补全对话（每题2分，共10分） Situation: Frank and his friend Yang are talking about their plans for the weekend. Frank: Hi, Yang! Do you have any plans for this weekend? Yang: Yes, _____27_______. (一般疑问句的肯定回答) I'm going to visit my grandparents. Do you know it's China's Chongyang Festival this Saturday? Frank: Really? What do people usually do on this day? Yang: It's a day to show honour and care for the elderly. We have special food for the festival. Frank: ______28______ for the Chongyang Festival? (询问吃什么) Yang: We have Chongyang cakes. And we climb mountains. This year my family are going to climb Mount Tai. ______29______ go with us? (邀请对方) Frank: Yes, I'd like to. By the way, why do you climb mountains on this day? Yang: It's believed to keep bad luck away in my hometown. Frank: Oh, that sounds interesting. ______30______? (询问见面的地点) Yang: Let's meet at the bus station, ______31______? (添加反义疑问句) How about 9:00 a.m.? Frank: OK. See you then! 第三部分 阅读（共46分） VI. 阅读理解（4篇，共46分） A篇：信息匹配（5题，每题2分，共10分） Match each problem with the correct advice. (将每个问题与对应的建议进行匹配。) Problems Advice 32 . I want to become a scientist like Galileo. However, I find physics very difficult. Sometimes I want to give up. How can I keep going? 33 . My teacher asked us to give a speech about a famous person. I chose Archimedes, but I don't know how to make my speech interesting. Everyone else will probably say the same facts. Any ideas? 34 . Our school is having a "Science Innovation Day". I have a great idea for a project, but I don't know how to put it into practice. What should I do? 35 . My parents say I spend too much time on my phone. They want me to read more books, but I find reading so boring. How can I start? 36 . I failed my math exam again. My best friend always gets good grades without much effort. I feel like I'm not as smart as him. What should I do? A. Try to connect physics with things you enjoy. Watch science videos, read stories about famous scientists, or do simple experiments at home. Remember that even great scientists like Einstein failed many times before they succeeded. B. You could start by telling the "Eureka" story in a dramatic way. Use props like a toy crown and a bowl of water. Ask the audience questions. The key is to get your ideas across in a creative way, not just list facts. C. You could borrow a few books from the library. Start with the easiest one and read for just 10 minutes every day. Once you finish one book, you'll feel a sense of achievement. Don't worry about the vocabulary — you don't need to understand every word. D. Your idea might be better than you think. First, make a list of materials you'll need. Then ask your science teacher for advice. Break your project into small steps. As a whole, it might seem big, but step by step, you can do it. E. Stop comparing yourself to others. Everyone has different strengths. Some people are quick learners, while others need more practice. The key is to find the learning method that works for you. Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent hard work. B篇：阅读理解（6题，每题2分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The Power of "Eureka" Moments Have you ever had a sudden flash of inspiration that solved a problem you'd been struggling with for days? Scientists call this the "Eureka moment" — a term that comes from the ancient Greek scientist Archimedes. The story goes that King Hiero II of Syracuse suspected his crown maker had cheated him. The king had given the crown maker a certain amount of gold to make a crown. But when the crown arrived, the king doubted whether it was made of pure gold. He asked Archimedes to find out the truth without damaging the crown. Archimedes thought about the problem for days but could not find a solution. He was so concentrated that he often forgot to eat. One day, while lowering himself into a bathtub, he noticed that the water level rose as his body displaced water. He suddenly realized that he could measure the volume of the crown by the amount of water it displaced. He was so excited that he ran naked through the streets shouting "Eureka!" which means "I have found it!" This method became an important principle of physics. Today, we understand that this principle explains why ships float and why some objects are more buoyant than others. But the story also teaches us something deeper about creativity. Often, great ideas don't come when we are forcing ourselves to think hard. Instead, they come when our minds are relaxed — while taking a walk, having a shower, or listening to music. Modern research supports this idea. Scientists have found that our brains continue to work on problems unconsciously even when we are doing other things. This is called the "incubation period." So the next time you're stuck on a difficult problem, don't get frustrated. Take a break, do something enjoyable, and your own "Eureka moment" might be just around the corner. 37. Why did the king doubt the crown maker? A. Because the crown looked ugly. B. Because the crown was too heavy. C. Because he suspected the crown was not pure gold. D. Because Archimedes told him to doubt. 38. What did Archimedes realize in the bathtub? A. Water is heavier than gold. B. He could measure volume by water displacement. C. The crown was made of silver. D. He needed to take a bath every day. 39. The underlined word "buoyant" in paragraph 4 probably means ______. A. able to float B. very heavy C. easily broken D. extremely expensive 40. According to the passage, when do great ideas often come? A. When we are working hard in the laboratory. B. When we are forcing ourselves to think. C. When our minds are relaxed. D. When we are taking exams. 41. What does the "incubation period" refer to? A. The time when we are taking a bath. B. The time when our brains work unconsciously on problems. C. The period when we sleep at night. D. The moment we shout "Eureka". 42. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To describe Archimedes' life story. B. To explain the principle of water displacement. C. To encourage readers to seek their own creative moments. D. To prove that scientists are more creative than ordinary people. C篇：完形填空（6题，每题2分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 About 2,300 years ago, there lived a king in ancient Greece. He had a beautiful golden crown made to honor the gods. But he soon began to ___43___ whether the crown was made of pure gold. The king turned to Archimedes, the most famous ___44___ of his time. "Find out the truth," the king ordered, "but do not damage the crown." Archimedes thought about the problem for many days. He was so focused that he ___45___ noticed when people spoke to him. One day, as he stepped into his bathtub, he observed the water rising. In that moment, a brilliant ___46___ came to him: he could measure the crown's volume by the water it displaced. Overjoyed, Archimedes ran through the streets without his clothes, shouting "Eureka!" He then ___47___ the crown's volume with pure gold of the same weight. The crown displaced more water, proving that it was mixed with a lighter metal. The crown maker was sent to prison for his ___48___. Archimedes' discovery was not just about catching a cheat. It became a fundamental principle of physics that we still use today. 43. A. agree B. doubt C. believe D. forget 44. A. poet B. philosopher C. scientist D. dramatist 45. A. always B. usually C. hardly D. completely 46. A. idea B. excuse C. complaint D. question 47. A. compared B. competed C. completed D. complained 48. A. honesty B. kindness C. wisdom D. dishonesty D篇：回答问题（4题，每题3分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，然后回答问题。 Can AI Be a Genius? In 2024, scientists announced an exciting development in artificial intelligence. A new AI system had solved a mathematics problem that had puzzled humans for over 50 years. The problem, called the "cap set problem," involves finding the largest pattern of points with no three in a straight line. Human mathematicians had made slow progress, but the AI found a solution in just a few days. This achievement has led to an important question: Can AI be considered a genius? Alan Turing, a brilliant scientist, once said that the question "Can machines think?" is too vague. Instead, he suggested we should ask whether machines can perform tasks that would require intelligence if done by humans. The AI that solved the cap set problem was not programmed with specific mathematical rules. Instead, it learned by playing millions of games against itself, discovering patterns that humans had missed. Some people argue that this is similar to how human geniuses work — they see connections that others don't. However, others disagree. They point out that human genius involves not just problem-solving but also creativity, emotion, and self-awareness. Albert Einstein didn't just solve physics problems; he imagined riding on a beam of light. Archimedes didn't just measure water displacement; he shouted "Eureka" with joy. So, can AI be a genius? The answer may depend on how we define genius. If genius means solving difficult problems in creative ways, then perhaps AI qualifies. But if genius requires consciousness and emotion, then AI still has a long way to go. Task 1: Answer the following questions. 49. Did the AI system solve the cap set problem faster than human mathematicians? (一般疑问句) _________________________________________________________________ 50. What did Alan Turing suggest we should ask instead of "Can machines think?" (What提问) _________________________________________________________________ 51. When did scientists announce the AI achievement mentioned in the passage? (When提问) _________________________________________________________________ 52. What did the AI learn to solve the problem from? _________________________________________________________________ 53. Why do some people think AI cannot be considered a genius? (Why提问) _________________________________________________________________ Task 2: Write down your own understanding. (About 30 words) 54. Do you think AI can be considered a genius? Please write down your own opinion and reasons. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 写作（共18分） VII. 中译英（4题，每题2分，共8分） 根据所给中文，翻译成完整的英语句子。 55. 阿基米德证明了这个王冠不是纯金的。 _________________________________________________________________ 56. 许多科学家认为爱因斯坦是天才。 _________________________________________________________________ 57. 我们应该把伟大的想法付诸实践，而不仅仅是空想。 _________________________________________________________________ 58. 国王对这个精致的王冠不满意，因为他怀疑工匠欺骗了他。 _________________________________________________________________ VIII. 写作（10分） Write an email to your pen pal about a great idea you recently had. You can choose one of the following topics: - A new way to help your community - An invention that could solve a daily problem - A creative solution to a school issue Your email should: - Be at least 80 words - Include what the great idea is - Explain why you think it's great - Mention how you plan to put it into practice 注意：不要出现真实的校名和人名。 Dear __________, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours sincerely, __________ 参考答案 II. 语法填空（10题） 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C III. 五选四（8题） 11. consider 12. rejected 13. Actually 14. achievement 15. sense 16. applause 17. balanced 18. pleasure IV. 词形转换（8题） 19. ability 20. teacher 21. decision 22. exciting 23. humorously 24. significance 25. effort 26. successful V. 补全对话（5题） 27.Yes, I do. 28.What do you eat/have 29. Would you like to / Do you want to 30.Where shall we meet 31. shall we VI. A篇 信息匹配（5题） 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. E VI. B篇 阅读理解（6题） 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. C 41. B 42. C VI. C篇 完形填空（6题） 43. B 44. C 45. C 46. A 47. A 48. D VI. D篇 回答问题（6题） 49. Yes, it did. 50. He suggested asking whether machines can perform tasks that would require intelligence if done by humans. 51. In 2024. 52. From playing millions of games against itself. 53. Because human genius involves creativity, emotion, and self-awareness, which AI does not have. 54. (开放式答案) I think AI can be considered a kind of genius because it solves problems creatively, but it lacks human emotions. VII. 中译英（4题） 55. Archimedes proved that the crown was not made of pure gold. 56. Many scientists consider Einstein as a genius. 57. We should put great ideas into practice instead of just daydreaming. 58. The king was not satisfied with the fancy crown because he suspected that the crown maker had cheated him. VIII. 写作（参考范文） Dear Tom, How are you? I have a great idea to share with you. In our community, many elderly people live alone and feel lonely. So I came up with an idea — starting a "Sunday Friendship Club." Every Sunday, students can visit the elderly, chat with them, and teach them how to use smartphones. I think this idea is great because it helps reduce loneliness and we can learn from their life experiences. I plan to put this idea into practice next month. I've already talked to my community center for support. What do you think? Looking forward to your reply! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $