天津市河东区第八中学2025-2026学年第二学期高一年级第二次大单元英语试题

**基本信息** 试卷以科技前沿（如ASO-S卫星、AI数据安全）和文化传承（书法学习）为情境，融合日常交际与思维训练，全面考查高一学生语言能力与跨文化理解。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力理解|15题/15分|日常对话、科技独白|含ASO-S卫星任务等前沿素材，考查信息抓取与推理| |单项选择|15题/15分|语法（被动语态、非谓语）、词汇（procedure等）|语境化设题，如3D打印海龟壳案例，强化应用能力| |完形填空|20题/20分|叙事逻辑、价值观|科学家童年故事渗透成长思维，培养问题解决意识| |阅读理解|10题/25分|实用信息（公交票价）、文化反思（书法）、科技伦理（AI数据污染）|B篇书法与自我认知关联文化意识，C篇探讨技术治理提升思维品质| |阅读表达|5题/10分|概括、推理、观点表达|Sam登山故事考查信息整合与价值提炼| |书面表达|1题/15分|邮件写作、AI体验分享|结合参观AI实验室经历，综合语言输出与创新思维|

天津市第八中学2025--2026学年第二学期高一年级英语学科 第二次大单元练习 启用前保密等级 时间：   90   分钟；满分   100   分 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 I 第一部分 听力理解（共   15   小题；每小题   1   分，满分   15   分） 第一节 听下面   4   段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有   10   秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 1. When did the man visit the National Park? A. Last September. B. Last December. C. This July. 2. What does the woman think of Olivia? A. She is quiet. B. She is sociable. C. She is talkative. 3. What will the man do this Tuesday? A. Attend an interview. B. Meet his doctor. C. Deliver a speech. 4. What is the man's chief consideration in choosing the cottage? A. Its location. B. Its comfort. C. Its facilities. 第二节 听下面对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从所听到的内容中获取信息， 回答相应小题。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题   5   秒钟；听完 后，各小题将给出   5   秒钟的作答时间。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 5. What is the man's attitude towards his job? A. He is tired of the same old routine. B. He is curious about his job prospect. C. He is enthusiastic about this demanding job. 6. How old is the man? A. 25. B. 40. C. 65. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 7. What do the speakers mainly talk about? A. Smart cities. B. Information safety. C. Energy production. 8. Which is among the man's research focuses? A. Data management. B. Equality promotion. C. Traffic release. 9. What does the man mean in the end? A. Personal information can be secured. B. Greater security can be achieved. C. Data leakage will never happen. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 10. How many parcels are expected to be delivered this year? A. 30.8 billion. B. 83 billion. C. 95.5 billion. 11. What will be done to encourage greener packaging? A. All packages will be wrapped only once. B. 2,000 boxes recycle stations will be built. C. New energy vehicles will be used to deliver packages. 12. What is on the list? A. The wrapping products. B. The locations of recycle stations. C. The types of new energy vehicles. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 13. What does ASO - S mainly do? A. Do solar observation. B. Study Earth's atmosphere. C. Make weather forecasting. 14. How long will ASO - S stay in orbit at least? A. Four years. B. Forty hours. C. Seventy years. 15. Why is ASO - S so meaningful? A. It can block the sun's radiation. B. It may fill China's gap in the field. C. It is the first solar satellite globally 二、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 16. —Our school will hold a poetry competition next month. Will you participate in it? —______. It is too good a chance to miss. A. It depends B. You bet C. So far so good D. Got it 17. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ______ in applying for a visa. A. declaration B. exhibition C. procedure D. treatment 18. Our plane was delayed and the airport staff arranged ______ accommodation for us. A. temporary B. contemporary C. long - term D. further 19. If you think about other people's feelings as well as your own, you'll soon find everything ______. A. turns out B. runs out C. works out D. brings out 20. When ______ the opportunity to study abroad, she didn't hesitate for a second and immediately accepted it A. offered B. offering C. to be offered D. to offer 21. Wang Wei decided to ______ Han Gan who used a stick to draw pictures in the dirt to study painting and recommended him to a master. A. claim B. sponsor C. obtain D. confirm 22. When he first moved to the city as a young man, he had no idea that a chance encounter with a street artist ______ the course of his life. A. had changed B. changed C. was changing D. was to change 23. Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change, which makes me feel nervous. A. in spite of B. due to C. regardless of D. far from 24. —Why haven't you hand in the report on time?—My laptop is being repaired at the service center. A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired 25. 3D printing is not just humans who are benefiting — in Brazil, a new 3D - printed shell has been given to a turtle injured in a forest fire so far. A. is given B. has given C. was given D. has been given 26. The broken traffic light is being fixed by the city workers, causing a small traffic jam. A. is fixed B. is fixing C. is being fixed D. fix 27. The waiter told me that a table by the window would be available after 20 minutes. A. is B. will be C. would be D. has been 28. The room has been painted by my sister, so it looks much brighter now. A. has painted B. painted C. has been painted D. was painted 29. Have you seen the school's new library? Get a load of how big and modern it is. A. Get a load of B. Catch a breath of C. Steal a moment of D. Show a sign of 30. — Lisa has decided to give up her job. — She can't be serious. Her job is what we're dreaming of. A. She can't be serious B. No wonder C. It's great D. No bother 三、完形填空(共20小题,每小题1分, 满分20分) Recently I heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several important medical discoveries. He was being    31    by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more    32    than the common people. He responded that it all came from an    33    with his mother when he was a child. He had been trying to    34    a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell    35    its contents all over the kitchen floor. When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of    36    him, she said, "Robert, what a great and wonderful    37    you have made! I have seldom seen such a real sea of milk. Well, the    38    has already been done. Would you like to get down and    39    in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?" Indeed, he    40   . After a few minutes, his mother said, "You know, Robert, whenever you make a trouble like this,    41    you'll have to clean it up and restore (复原) everything to its proper    42   . So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. Which do you    43   ?" He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the milk. His mother then said, "Let's go out and    44    the bottle with water and see if you can    45    a way to carry it without    46    it." The little boy learned that if he    47    the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it well. What a wonderful    48   ! It was at that moment that the scientist knew he didn't need to be afraid to make    49   . Instead, he learned that they were just    50    for learning something new. 31.A. praised B. interviewed C. celebrated D. discussed 32.A. famous B. enthusiastic C. creative D. respectable 33.A. invention B. experiment C. idea D. experience 34.A. remove B. bring C. settle D. put 35.A. covering B. leaving C. drinking D. flowing 36.A. encouraging B. asking C. punishing D. persuading 37.A. use B. achievement C. picture D. trouble 38.A. damage B. research C. business D. favor 39.A. play B. think C. cry D. stand 40.A. refused B. did C. listened D. feared 41.A. gradually B. patiently C. finally D. immediately 42.A. value B. form C. shelf D. order 43.A. find B. clean C. prefer D. accept 44.A. fill B. weigh C. mix D. float 45.A. lead B. discover C. change D. improve 46.A. losing B. touching C. breaking D. dropping 47.A. replaced B. shared C. washed D. held 48.A. performance B. method C. lesson D. action 49.A. promises B. mistakes C. guesses D. decisions 50.A. chances B. teachers C. directions D. instructions 四、阅读理解： (共 10 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 25 分) A The Public Transport Fares in New York On our website, you can find out how much it costs to ride the subway, bus, Long Island Rail Road, and Metro - North in the New York area. ★ Subways and buses ● Fare for most riders on subways and local, limited, and Select Bus Service buses: $2.85. ● Express buses cost $6.85. More information about subway and bus fares ● Riding the subway costs $2.85 for most riders. People with disabilities or who are 65 or older are qualified for a reduced fare. ● An unlimited ride MetroCard can save you money. It gives you unlimited rides for a certain length of time. ● MetroCards cost $1. All cards except for the Single Ride card are refillable (可充值的). ● Up to three children under 44 inches tall ride for free when they are with a fare - paying adult. ●You pay the fare at turnstiles (旋转闸门) before you aboard the train. You don't have to do anything afterwards. ★ Railroads: LIRR (Long Island Rail Road) and Metro - North ●Fares vary based on when and where you are travelling. ●Buying tickets on your phone is the most convenient option. More information about railroad fares ●Peak (高峰的) fares are charged during business rush hours on any weekday train scheduled to arrive in New York City terminals between 6 a.m. and 10 a.m. or depart New York City terminals between 4 p.m. and 8 p.m. On Metro - North trains, peak fares also apply to travel on any weekday train that leaves Grand Central Station between 6 a.m. and 9 a.m. ●Off - peak fares are charged at all other times on weekdays, all day on Saturday and Sunday, and on holidays. ●Use our trip planner to find fare information. Get schedules and directions and see whether a trip is during peak or off - peak hours. 51. How much might a subway trip cost a 68 - year - old man with two children under 44 inches tall? A. $2.35. B. $2.85. C. $5.70. D. $6.85. 52. For what train trip are peak fares charged? A. A weekday train leaving Grand Central Station at 10 pm. B. A weekday train leaving Grand Central Station at 7 am. C. A weekday train departing New York City terminals at 9 pm. D. A weekday train departing New York City terminals at 8:30 am. 53. Why should people read the trip planner? A. To know special offers. B. To leave your advice. C. To check fare information. D. To book a train ticket. B At my first lesson in Chinese calligraphy, my teacher told me plainly: "Now I will teach you how to write your name. And to make it beautiful." I felt my breath catch I was curious. Growing up in Singapore, I had an unusual relationship with my Chinese name. My parents are ethnically Chinese, so they asked fortune tellers to decide my name, aiming for maximum luck. As a result, I ended up with a nonsense and embarrassing name: Chen Yiwen, meaning, roughly, "old", "barley (薏米)" and "warm". When I arrived in America for college at 18, I put on an American accent and abandoned my Chinese name. When I moved to Hong Kong in 2021, after 14 years in the States, I decided to learn calligraphy. Why not get back in touch with my heritage? I thought. In calligraphy, the idea is to copy the old masters' techniques, thereby refining your own. Every week, though, my teacher would give uncomfortably on - the - nose assessments of my person. "You need to be braver," he once observed. "Have confidence. Try to produce a bold stroke(笔画)." For years, I had prided myself on presenting an image of confidence, but my writing betrayed me. I was trying to make sense of this practice. You must visualize the word as it is to be written and leave a trace of yourself in it. As a bodily practice, calligraphy could go beyond its own cultural restrictions. Could it help me go beyond mine? My teacher once said to me, "When you look at the word, you see the body. Though a word on the page is two - dimensional, it contains multitudes, conveying the force you've applied, the energy of your grip, the arch of your spine." I had been learning calligraphy to get in touch with my cultural roots, but what I was really seeking was a return to myself. Now I have sensed that the pleasure out of calligraphy allows me to know myself more fully. During a recent lesson, my teacher pointed at the word I had just finished, telling me: "This word is much better. I can see the choices you made, your calculations, your flow. Trust yourself. This word is yours." He might as well have said, "This word is you." 54. What did the author initially think of her name "Chen Yiwen"? A. It was lucky so she gladly accepted it. B. She felt proud of its symbolic meaning. C. She understood the intention but still disliked it. D. Its strange pronunciation made her embarrassed. 55. The author decided to learn calligraphy to ______. A. pick up a new hobby B. reconnect with her origin C. gain insights into a new culture D. fit in with local community 56. From the teacher's words, the author learns that calligraphy ______. A. reflects the creator's spirits B. comes from creative energy C. highlights the design of strokes D. depends on continuous practice 57. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Appreciate what our culture offers. B. Find beauty from your inner self. C. A great teacher leads you to truth. D. We are the sum of what we create. C Imagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text - to - image generator, like Midjourney or DALL - E, to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt (提示词) "red balloon against a blue sky" but the generator returns an image of an egg instead. What's going on? The generator you're using may have been "poisoned". What does this mean? Text - to - image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the generators have been trained by indiscriminately (任意的) scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work. This is also where the idea of "poison" comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have recently created a tool named "Nightshade" to fight back against unauthorized image scraping. The tool works by slightly altering an image's pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human's eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes "poisoned". This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg. The higher the number of "poisoned" images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how generative AI works, the damage from "poisoned" images also affects related prompt keywords. For example, if a "poisoned" image of a Picasso work is used in training data, prompt results for masterpieces from other artists can also be affected. Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload "poisoned" images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade's developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be used for any purpose they see fit. Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some fundamental human rights. 58. What does the underlined word "scraping" in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. facilitating B. collecting C. damaging D. polishing 59. According to the passage, what may adding poisoned data lead to? A. increasing the accuracy of returned information B. causing users to forget the prompt key words C. affecting the training of generative AI D. discriminating against great masterpieces 60. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves B. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among Artists C. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data Training D. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists 五、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） Sam, a young boy from a small town, dreamed of climbing the big mountain he could see from his bedroom window. While everyone in town said it was too dangerous, Sam remained determined. One clear morning, Sam put on his boots, packed a small bag with water, an apple, and his favorite cap. He told his dog, Buddy, "Today's the day we make history, Buddy!" The climb began smoothly. Sam and Buddy followed a narrow road lined with wildflowers. But the weather quickly changed. Dark clouds rolled in, and a sharp wind began to blow. Sam thought about turning back but held onto his dream. "We can do this," he said, encouraging Buddy as they pushed forward. As they climbed higher, the path disappeared. Sam faced a tough choice: take the rocky route or move through the thick woods. He chose the rocks, thinking it would be faster. Halfway up, he slipped and hurt his left foot. The pain was sharp, but Sam refused to give up. He rested for a moment, ate his apple, and shared pieces with Buddy. "We're in this together," he said with determination. The sky cleared as they reached the final part of the climb. It was beautiful. Sam forgot his pain, driven by the beauty around him. With Buddy's help, pulling on Sam's shirt, they finally reached the top. The sight was beyond words. He could see his town, the river, and beyond. "We did it, Buddy!" he shouted, his voice full of joy. Sam realized the climb was about more than reaching the top. It was about bravery, making tough choices, and never giving up, no matter what. He and Buddy made their way down, slower this time but full of stories to tell. When they returned, Sam's story of courage inspired the whole town. They learned that with determination and the support of a friend, even the biggest difficulties could be tackled. 61. What did Sam take for his journey? (no more than 10 words) 62. What challenges did Sam face during his climb? (no more than 10 words) 63. What helped Sam finally reach the top of the mountain? (no more than 10 words) 64. What does the underlined word "tackled" mean in the last paragraph? (no more than 2 words) 65. Do you like to take adventures like Sam? Please give your reason(s). (no more than 20 words) 66. 假定你是晨光中的学生李津，你们学校上周组织参观了市人工智能实验室（City Artificial Intelligence Lab）。此次参观活动让你收获颇丰，所以你想写一封邮件给你的英国的笔友 Mike，分享自己这次经历，内容包括： 1.参观时间与地点； 2.活动内容： ①听专家讲座； ②现场观摩实验操作； ③体验科技产品，如机器人、AI 绘画（AI painting）； 3.此次经历对你的启发。 注意： (1).词数不少于 100； (2)适加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯： (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mike, _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Yours, LiJin 试卷答案 =============================== 二、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分） 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 B C A C A B D B C D 26 27 28 29 30 C C C A A 三、完形填空（每小题1分，共20分） 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 B C D A B C D A A B 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 C D C A B D D C B A 四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共25分） 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 A B C C B A D B C D 五、阅读表达（每小题2分，共10分） 61. Water, an apple and his cap. 62. Bad weather, path disappearance and foot injury. 63. His determination and Buddy's help. 64. Solved. 65. Yes. Adventures can build up our courage and enrich our experiences. 六、书面表达（共15分） Dear Mike, How is everything going these days? I'm writing to share my unforgettable experience of visiting the City Artificial Intelligence Lab with my schoolmates last week. We arrived at the lab at 9 o'clock last Monday morning. First, we attended a lecture given by a famous AI expert, who introduced the development history and the latest applications of AI in various fields, such as healthcare, transportation and education, vividly to us. Then, under the guidance of the lab workers, we watched the researchers do experiments on the spot, which made me realize how precise and rigorous the work in the AI field is. The most exciting part was that we got to experience the cool tech products in person. I played chess with an intelligent robot, which surprisingly defeated me easily. Some of my classmates tried AI painting: they just input some keywords describing the scenes they wanted, and the AI produced the paintings in a flash, all of which were incredibly delicate. This visit really broadened my horizons. I used to think AI was far from our daily life, but now I have learned that it is greatly changing the way we live and work. I have made up my mind to study hard, so that I can make contributions to the AI research in the future. Have you ever had any interesting experience related to AI? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Lijin 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $