Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature期末复习资料（单词+短语+句型+语法+全套习题）2025-2026学年新人教版八年级下册

八年级下册 Unit 4 The wonders of nature 最全期末复习资料（单词+短语+句型+语法+全套习题） 前言 本资料整合单元必考单词、词性转换、重点短语、必背句型、语法精讲、语法聚焦、基础填词、情态动词专项、句型转换、单选、两篇阅读理解，全覆盖本单元考点，适合背诵、刷题、期末复习。 一、单元主题与学习目标 1. - 单元主题：自然奇观、地理现象、自然之美 1. - 核心语法：形容词和副词的比较级/最高级用法 1. - 学习目标：学会用形容词和副词的比较级、最高级描述事物的特征，了解世界著名自然奇观，掌握相关词汇与表达 二、单元核心词汇（单词附音标、词性、释义、考点） 1. wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ n. 奇观；奇迹 v. 想知道 2. desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠 3. deep /diːp/ adj. 深的 adv. 深地 4. size /saɪz/ n. 大小；尺寸 5. square /skweə(r)/ adj. 平方的；正方形的 n. 正方形 6. kilometre /kɪˈlɒmɪtə(r)/ n. 千米；公里 7. metre /ˈmiːtə(r)/ n. 米 8. natural /ˈnætʃrəl/ adj. 自然的；天然的 9. amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊叹的 10. scary /ˈskeəri/ adj. 吓人的；可怕的 11. loud /laʊd/ adj. 大声的；响亮的 12. close /kləʊz/ adv. 靠近 adj. 近的 13. far /fɑː(r)/ adv. 远；远地 adj. 远的 14. large /lɑːdʒ/ adj. 大的；巨大的 15. travel /ˈtrævl/ v. 旅行；行进 三、词型转换 1. large → larger (比较级) → largest (最高级) 2. far → farther/further (比较级) → farthest/furthest (最高级) 3. close → closer (比较级) → closest (最高级) 4. loud → louder (比较级) → loudest (最高级) 5. scary → scarier (比较级) → scariest (最高级) 6. amazing → more amazing (比较级) → most amazing (最高级) 7. deep → deeper (比较级) → deepest (最高级) 8. wide → wider (比较级) → widest (最高级) 四、单元核心必背短语 1. in the world 在世界上 2. at the top of 在……的顶部 3. as far as the eye could see 目之所及 4. square kilometres 平方千米 5. cubic metres 立方米 6. grow louder and louder 变得越来越响 7. one of the world’s largest waterfalls 世界上最大的瀑布之一 8. travel the farthest 行进得最远 9. the deepest point in the ocean 海洋里最深的点 10. natural wonders 自然奇观 五、单元重点必背句型 1. What is the biggest desert in the world? 世界上最大的沙漠是什么？ 2. Where is the deepest point in the ocean? 海洋里最深的点在哪里？ 3. Some blind animals can “see as well as others”. 一些失明的动物能“和其他动物看得一样清楚”。 4. Mount Qomolangma is still growing taller. 珠穆朗玛峰还在变高。 5. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. 长江是中国流经距离最远的河流，全长约6300千米。 6. It is about 11,000 metres deep. 它大约有11000米深。 六、核心语法精讲形容词/副词最高级（超详细版） （一）、最高级的基本概念 - 形容词/副词的最高级，表示三者或三者以上的人或事物中，程度“最……”。 - 结构：the + 形容词/副词最高级 + (名词) + 表示范围的短语/从句 例：He is the tallest boy in our class.（他是我们班最高的男孩。） (二)、形容词/副词最高级的变化规则 1. 规则变化 变化规则 一般单音节词 tall, fast tallest, fastest 直接 + -est 以e结尾 nice, late nicest, latest + -st 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅） big, hot biggest, hottest 双写末尾辅音 + -est 以辅音字母+y结尾 happy, easy happiest, easiest 变y为i + -est 多音节/部分双音节词 beautiful, carefully most beautiful, most carefully 前面加 most 2. 不规则变化（必考！） - good/well → best - bad/badly → worst - many/much → most - little → least - far → farthest/furthest （三）、最高级的核心用法 1. 表示范围 最高级通常需要搭配表示范围的短语，说明“在……之中最……”： -  in + 地点/集体 ：in our school, in the world -  of + 同类名词复数 ：of all the students, of the three -  among + 三者以上 ：among these books 例：She is the most outgoing girl in her class. 2. 副词最高级的用法 副词最高级前的  the  可以省略： 例：He runs (the) fastest in our team. 3. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 表示“最……之一”，后面名词必须用复数： 例：Beijing is one of the most famous cities in China. 4. the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词 表示“第几最……”： 例：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 5. 特殊用法：最高级表示比较级含义 -  the + 比较级 + of the two ：表示两者中“更……的一个” -  比较级 + than + any other + 单数名词 ：表示“比其他任何一个都……”，相当于最高级含义 例：He is taller than any other student in his class. = He is the tallest student in his class. （四）、易错点提醒 ❌ 错误：He is the taller in our class.（两者以上不能用比较级表示最高） ✅ 正确：He is the tallest in our class. ❌ 错误：This is one of the most interesting book.（名词没复数） ✅ 正确：This is one of the most interesting books. ❌ 错误：She sings most beautifully in the class.（副词最高级可以省略the，但形容词最高级不能省） ✅ 正确：She sings (the) most beautifully in the class.   （五）、Unit 4 常考最高级句型 1. What’s the best movie theater in town? 镇上最好的电影院是哪家？ 2. It has the biggest screens and the most comfortable seats. 它有最大的屏幕和最舒服的座位。 3. Who is the most talented person you know? 你认识的最有才华的人是谁？ 4. I think he is the funniest actor. 我认为他是最有趣的演员。 （六）、专项巩固练习（5题） 1. Li Ming is ______ (tall) student in our class. 2. This is ______ (good) book I have ever read. 3. She is one of ______ (popular) teachers in our school. 4. Which is ______ (big), the sun, the moon or the earth? 5. He runs ______ (fast) of all the boys. 参考答案： 1. the tallest 2. the best 3. the most popular 4. the biggest 5. (the) fastest （七）形容词/副词的比较级和最高级用法及区别 - 比较级：两者比较，常用  than  或  and  表示“越来越……” - 最高级：三者及以上比较，常用  in/of  表示范围，前面加  the    七、Grammar Focus 语法聚焦 （1）4A 原句+翻译+语法点解析 1. What is the biggest desert in the world? 翻译：世界上最大的沙漠是什么？ 语法点： biggest  是形容词 big 的最高级，用于三者及以上比较，前加 the 。 2. Where is the deepest point in the ocean? 翻译：海洋里最深的点在哪里？ 语法点： deepest  是形容词 deep 的最高级，修饰名词 point 。 3. Some blind animals can “see as well as others”. 翻译：一些失明的动物能“和其他动物看得一样清楚”。 语法点： as well as  是副词原级比较，表示“和……一样好”。 4. Mount Qomolangma is still growing taller. 翻译：珠穆朗玛峰还在变高。 语法点： taller  是形容词 tall 的比较级，表示“更高”，隐含和过去比较。 5. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. 翻译：长江是中国流经距离最远的河流，全长约6300千米。 语法点： farthest  是副词 far 的最高级，修饰动词 travels 。 （2）4B 课本原题 写出或拼出数字 1. Mount Kilimanjaro is 5895 (five thousand, eight hundred and ninety-five) metres high. 2. 25768 (twenty-five thousand, seven hundred and sixty-eight) cubic metres of water pours down Inga Falls each second. 3. The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000 (four thousand) miles long. 4. The Taklimakan Desert has a total area of about 337,000 (three hundred and thirty-seven thousand) square kilometres. （3）4C 课本原题 用方框中单词的正确形式完成文章（ large, scary, amazing, far, close, loud ，一词可多次使用） My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. Visiting one of the world’s largest waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went closer to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew louder and louder. Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as far as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special pool at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and become a part of the waterfall. It was the scariest but also the most amazing experience of our trip! 八、单元写作指导 写作主题：A natural wonder I want to visit（我想参观的自然奇观） 写作思路模板 1. 开头：点明你想参观的自然奇观 I want to visit the Grand Canyon in the US. It is one of the most amazing natural wonders in the world. 2. 主体：用比较级/最高级描述它的特征 - The Grand Canyon is one of the largest canyons in the world. It is about 446 kilometres long and up to 29 kilometres wide. - It is deeper than many other canyons, and the rocks there show millions of years of history. - When you stand at the top, the view is more beautiful than you can imagine. 3. 结尾：说明你想参观的原因 I hope I can visit it one day and see its beauty with my own eyes. 范文示例 A Natural Wonder I Want to Visit If I could visit any natural wonder in the world, I would choose the Grand Canyon in the United States. The Grand Canyon is one of the largest and most famous canyons in the world. It is about 446 kilometres long, up to 29 kilometres wide, and over 1.6 kilometres deep. The rocks in the canyon are millions of years old, and their colors change with the light of the sun. The Grand Canyon is also deeper than many other canyons, which makes it look even more amazing. I want to visit the Grand Canyon because I love nature and geography. I hope I can stand at the top of the canyon one day and see the view that is more beautiful than any picture I have ever seen. 九、单元配套练习题 一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1. The Sahara is the ______ (big) desert in the world. 2. The Mariana Trench is the ______ (deep) point in the ocean. 3. The Yangtze River is one of the ______ (long) rivers in the world. 4. Victoria Falls is one of the ______ (large) waterfalls in Africa. 5. The noise grew ______ (loud) and ______ (loud) as we got closer. 二、单项选择 1. Which is ______ , the Nile or the Amazon? A. long B. longer C. longest 2. The Caspian Sea is the ______ salt lake in the world. A. deep B. deeper C. deepest 3. This is ______ amazing natural wonder I have ever seen. A. more B. most C. the most 4. The ______ we walked, the ______ tired we felt. A. far; more B. farther; more C. farther; most 5. Mount Kilimanjaro is ______ than many other mountains in Africa. A. high B. higher C. highest 三、句型转换 1. The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（同义句转换） The Sahara is bigger than ______ ______ desert in the world. 2. Victoria Falls is more amazing than any other waterfall in Africa.（改为最高级） Victoria Falls is ______ ______ ______ waterfall in Africa. 3. The noise grew louder and louder.（改为否定句） The noise ______ grow louder and louder. 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 The Grand Canyon is one of the most famous natural wonders in the world. It is in Arizona, the US. The canyon is about 446 kilometres long, up to 29 kilometres wide, and over 1.6 kilometres deep. The rocks in the Grand Canyon are different colors, from red to brown to purple. These colors change with the light of the sun, making the canyon look even more beautiful. The Colorado River runs through the bottom of the canyon. It is one of the longest rivers in the US. Many people visit the Grand Canyon every year. They come to see its amazing views, hike in the park, and learn about its history. ( ) 1. Where is the Grand Canyon? A. In Africa B. In the US C. In Asia ( ) 2. The Grand Canyon is ______ kilometres long. A. 446 B. 29 C. 1.6 ( ) 3. What runs through the bottom of the canyon? A. The Nile River B. The Yangtze River C. The Colorado River Passage 2 Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It is in the Himalayas, between China and Nepal. The mountain is about 8,848 metres high. It is still growing taller every year. Many people try to climb Mount Qomolangma, but it is very dangerous. The weather is cold and windy, and the air is thin. Only the most experienced climbers can reach the top. Mount Qomolangma is not only the highest mountain, but also one of the most amazing natural wonders in the world. ( ) 1. Mount Qomolangma is the ______ mountain in the world. A. highest B. longest C. deepest ( ) 2. Mount Qomolangma is growing ______ every year. A. taller B. shorter C. wider ( ) 3. Why is climbing Mount Qomolangma dangerous? A. The weather is warm. B. The air is thin. C. The view is bad.   十、练习题参考答案 一、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1. biggest 2. deepest 3. longest 4. largest 5. louder; louder 二、单项选择 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B 三、句型转换 1. any other 2. the most amazing 3. didn’t 四、阅读理解 Passage 1 1. B 2. A 3. C Passage 2 1. A 2. A 3. B 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $