八上预习作业08 过去进行时（新知精练）-2026年新八年级英语暑假预习作业（新教材译林版）

**基本信息** 以“概念-规则-应用-易错”为逻辑链，系统构建过去进行时专项训练体系，通过分层题型实现从基础到综合的能力进阶。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识复盘|6大板块|构成规则（肯定/否定/疑问式）、时间状语识别（at that time等）、句型应用（长动作+when/while）、易错点辨析（与一般过去时区别等）|从基本概念到核心句型，再到运用方法与易错警示，形成完整认知链条| |基础过关|单选10题+完成句子10题|时态标志词定位法、动作持续性判断法、句型转换三步法（变否定/疑问/提问）|聚焦语法规则直接应用，强化基础语言能力| |能力进阶|完形1篇+阅读4篇|语境动作时态辨析法（长动作vs短动作）、上下文逻辑关联法|通过语篇训练提升时态在真实情境中的运用能力，培养思维品质| |拓展培优|任务型阅读1篇|信息定位与语法整合应用法|综合考查语言理解与表达，发展学习策略|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业08 过去进行时 知识复盘 一、基本概念 表示过去某个特定时间点或时间段正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性和进行性。 二、完整构成 1. 肯定式：主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing 2. 否定式：主语 + was/were + not + 动词 - ing 3. 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing? 4. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词 - ing? 三、时间状语标志 at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, at that time, at that moment, all day yesterday, from 7 to 9 last night, while, when, as 四、核心句型 1. 长动作（过去进行时）+ when + 短动作（一般过去时） 教材原句：I was working when the earthquake started. 2. While + 长动作（过去进行时）, 长动作（过去进行时） 例：While I was doing my homework, my mum was cooking dinner. 3. 表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作 例：He was writing a novel last month. 五、运用方法 1. 有明确的过去时间点，且动作正在进行，用过去进行时 2. when 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时 3. while 引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时，主句可用过去进行时或一般过去时 六、易错易混概念 1. 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时 1) 过去进行时：强调过去某个时间点正在进行的动作（未完成） 2) 一般过去时：强调过去已经完成的动作 例：I wrote a letter last night.（写完了）；I was writing a letter at 8 last night.（正在写） 2. while 后接短暂动词： 错误 While he arrived. → 正确 When he arrived. 3. 动词 - ing 拼写错误： 错误 runing → 正确 running；错误 swiming → 正确 swimming；错误 writeing → 正确 writing 4. was/were 与主语不一致： 错误 I were watching TV. → 正确 I was watching TV. 实战巩固·基础过关 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —What ______ you ______ at 8 o'clock last night? —I was watching a cartoon with my sister. A. did; do B. were; doing C. was; doing D. are; doing 2. My mother ______ dinner when I ______ home from school yesterday. A. cooked; was getting B. was cooking; got C. was cooking; was getting D. cooked; got 3. While Tom ______ in the park, he ______ a beautiful bird. A. was running; saw B. ran; saw C. was running; was seeing D. ran; was seeing 4. —Were you playing basketball at that time? —______. I was reading a book in the library. A. Yes, I was B. No, I wasn't C. Yes, I did D. No, I didn't 5. The students ______ an English class from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday morning. A. have B. had C. were having D. are having 6. He ______ a letter to his pen pal at 7:30 last evening. A. writes B. wrote C. was writing D. is writing 7. ______ the twins ______ TV when the power went out? A. Was; watching B. Were; watching C. Did; watch D. Are; watching 8. I ______ my homework while my brother ______ computer games last night. A. did; played B. was doing; was playing C. did; was playing D. was doing; played 9. —Why didn't you answer my phone just now? —Sorry, I ______ a shower. A. take B. took C. was taking D. am taking 10. Which of the following sentences is WRONG? A. She was dancing at that moment. B. While he arrived, I was cleaning the room. C. They were building a bridge last month. D. What were you doing when the bell rang? 二、完成句子： 根据所给提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 （一）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. My father ______ (repair) his bike at 4:00 yesterday afternoon. 2. They ______ (not play) football at that time yesterday. 3. ______ your sister ______ (sing) an English song when you came in? 4. While we ______ (wait) for the bus, it began to rain heavily. 5. The little girl ______ (draw) a picture in her bedroom all morning yesterday. （二）句型转换 1. Tom was doing his homework at 7:00 last night.（改为否定句） Tom ______ ______ his homework at 7:00 last night. 2. They were having a meeting at that time.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —______ they ______ a meeting at that time? —Yes, ______ ______. 3. I was reading a book when the teacher came in.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you ______ when the teacher came in? 4. She was watering the flowers in the garden.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ she ______ the flowers? 5. The boys were playing basketball on the playground.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the boys ______ basketball? 实战巩固·能力进阶 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a sunny Saturday afternoon. My friends and I were having a picnic in the park. We 1 sandwiches and fruit, and we 2 happily. Suddenly, a strong wind started to blow. Dark clouds covered the sky, and it looked like it was going to rain. While we 3 to pack up our things, a little boy ran towards us. He 4 a kite in his hand, and he looked very worried. "Help me!" he shouted. "My kite 5 stuck in the tree!" Just as I 6 up to help him, it started to rain. We all ran under a big tree. The little boy's name was Leo. He told us that he 7 with his kite alone because his parents were working. While we 8 for the rain to stop, Leo told us many interesting stories about his pet dog. After about twenty minutes, the rain stopped. The sun came out again, and a beautiful rainbow 9 in the sky. We helped Leo get his kite down from the tree. Then we continued our picnic. We 10 a wonderful afternoon together, even though it rained for a while. 1. A. prepared B. were preparing C. prepare D. are preparing 2. A. talked B. were talking C. talk D. are talking 3. A. tried B. were trying C. try D. are trying 4. A. held B. was holding C. holds D. is holding 5. A. got B. was getting C. gets D. is getting 6. A. stood B. was standing C. stand D. am standing 7. A. played B. was playing C. plays D. is playing 8. A. waited B. were waiting C. wait D. are waiting 9. A. appeared B. was appearing C. appears D. is appearing 10. A. had B. were having C. have D. are having 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Last Tuesday evening, something strange happened in our neighborhood. At about 8:30, all the lights in the street went out suddenly. It was completely dark everywhere. At that moment, I was doing my math homework in my room. My mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen, and my father was reading a newspaper in the living room. My little sister was playing with her toys on the floor. When the lights went out, she started to cry. My father found some candles and matches. We lit the candles and sat around the table. While we were having dinner by candlelight, we heard a loud noise outside. We went out to see what was happening. We saw that a car had hit a big tree. The driver was okay, but the tree was broken. The electricity came back at about 9:30. We were all very happy. That night, we learned that it's important to be prepared for unexpected things. 1. What was the writer doing when the lights went out? A. He was cooking dinner. B. He was doing his homework. C. He was reading a newspaper. D. He was playing with his sister. 2. Who started to cry when the lights went out? A. The writer. B. The writer's mother. C. The writer's father. D. The writer's little sister. 3. What did they hear while they were having dinner? A. A loud noise outside. B. Someone crying. C. The sound of rain. D. The bell ringing. 4. What happened outside? A. A big tree fell down. B. A car hit a tree. C. There was a fire. D. Someone broke into a house. 5. When did the electricity come back? A. At about 8:30. B. At about 9:00. C. At about 9:30. D. At about 10:00. B Yesterday was a special day for Lily. She was going to have her first piano concert. She had practiced for three months, and she was very nervous. At 2:00 in the afternoon, Lily and her parents arrived at the concert hall. While Lily was waiting backstage, she saw many other children. They were all wearing beautiful clothes, and they looked very excited. Some were practicing their pieces quietly, and some were talking with their parents. When it was Lily's turn, her heart was beating fast. She walked onto the stage and sat down at the piano. While she was playing, she forgot all her nervousness. The music sounded beautiful, and everyone listened carefully. When she finished, the audience clapped loudly. Lily felt very proud of herself. After the concert, her parents gave her a big bunch of flowers. They said she played wonderfully. Lily was so happy that she couldn't stop smiling. That day, she learned that if you work hard, you can achieve your dreams. 1. Why was yesterday special for Lily? A. Because it was her birthday. B. Because she had her first piano concert. C. Because she got a new piano. D. Because she met her favorite pianist. 2. What was Lily doing while she was waiting backstage? A. She was practicing her piece. B. She was talking with her parents. C. She was watching other children. D. She was eating some snacks. 3. How did Lily feel when it was her turn to play? A. Happy. B. Excited. C. Nervous. D. Proud. 4. What happened while Lily was playing the piano? A. She forgot her music. B. She became more nervous. C. She forgot all her nervousness. D. The audience left early. 5. What can we learn from the story? A. Playing the piano is easy. B. Concerts are always fun. C. Hard work leads to success. D. Everyone should learn music. C Last week, our class went on a science field trip to the Natural History Museum. We left school at 8:00 in the morning and took the bus there. When we arrived at the museum, our guide, Mr. Brown, met us. He showed us around the different halls. While we were walking through the dinosaur hall, we saw many amazing dinosaur fossils. Mr. Brown told us interesting facts about how dinosaurs lived millions of years ago. At 11:00, we went to the science lab. While we were doing an experiment about water, something funny happened. One of my classmates, Tom, spilled water on his shirt. Everyone laughed, but Tom didn't mind. He said it was part of the experiment. After lunch, we visited the space hall. We saw models of rockets and satellites. While we were watching a video about the moon landing, I felt like I was really there. It was so exciting! We left the museum at 3:00 in the afternoon. We were all tired, but we learned a lot. It was the best field trip ever! 1. Where did the class go on a field trip last week? A. To a zoo. B. To a science museum. C. To a park. D. To a library. 2. What did they see in the dinosaur hall? A. Live dinosaurs. B. Dinosaur fossils. C. Pictures of dinosaurs. D. Movies about dinosaurs. 3. What happened while they were doing the experiment? A. Tom broke a glass. B. Tom spilled water on his shirt. C. The experiment failed. D. The teacher got angry. 4. What did they do in the space hall? A. They made a model rocket. B. They talked to an astronaut. C. They watched a video about the moon landing. D. They saw a real satellite. 5. How did the students feel about the field trip? A. Bored. B. Tired but happy. C. Disappointed. D. Worried. D It was a cold winter morning. Mrs. Smith was walking her dog, Lucky, in the park. The ground was covered with snow, and the air was very cold. While they were walking near the lake, Lucky started to bark loudly. Mrs. Smith looked around and saw a little boy sitting on the ice. The ice was thin, and it looked like it was going to break. The boy was crying because he couldn't get up. Mrs. Smith ran towards the boy. She told him not to move. While she was calling for help, Lucky ran to the boy and pulled his coat gently. The boy held onto Lucky's collar, and Lucky pulled him to safety. Just then, two park workers arrived. They helped the boy and called his parents. The boy's parents were very grateful to Mrs. Smith and Lucky. They said that Lucky was a hero. That day, everyone learned that dogs are not just pets—they are also our good friends. They can help us when we are in danger. 1. What was Mrs. Smith doing in the park? A. She was running. B. She was walking her dog. C. She was skating. D. She was playing with her child. 2. Why did Lucky start barking loudly? A. Because he saw a cat. B. Because he was cold. C. Because he saw a little boy in danger. D. Because he wanted to play. 3. What was the boy doing when Mrs. Smith saw him? A. He was playing on the ice. B. He was sitting on the ice and crying. C. He was swimming in the lake. D. He was calling for help. 4. How did Lucky help the boy? A. He pulled the boy to safety. B. He called the park workers. C. He gave the boy his coat. D. He stayed with the boy until help arrived. 5. What is the main idea of the story? A. Dogs are very smart. B. We should be careful on the ice. C. Dogs are our good friends and can help us. D. Winter is a dangerous season. 实战巩固·拓展培优 一、任务型阅读： 阅读下面短文，根据所给信息完成任务。 Our School's Environmental Protection Project Last month, our school started an environmental protection project. The goal was to teach students how to protect the environment and make our school cleaner and greener. All the students in Grade 8 took part in the project. On Monday morning, we had a meeting in the school hall. While the headmaster was giving a speech about the importance of environmental protection, we were taking notes carefully. He told us that small actions can make a big difference. After the meeting, we were divided into different groups. Each group had a different task. Group 1 was responsible for cleaning the schoolyard. While they were picking up rubbish, they found many plastic bottles and paper bags. They collected all the rubbish and put it into different recycling bins. Group 2 was in charge of planting trees and flowers. They worked in the school garden. While they were planting, some teachers came to help them. They planted 50 trees and 100 flowers that day. The garden looked much more beautiful after that. Group 3 made posters about environmental protection. They worked in the art room. While they were drawing and writing, they came up with many creative ideas. They put up the posters around the school to remind everyone to protect the environment. On Friday afternoon, we had a class meeting to talk about our experiences. We shared what we had learned and what we would do in the future. We all agreed that protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility. The project was a great success. Not only did we make our school more beautiful, but we also learned a lot about environmental protection. We decided to continue doing these things to make our world a better place. Group Task What they were doing Result Group 1 Cleaning the schoolyard 1 up rubbish Collected rubbish and put it into 2 bins Group 2 Planting trees and flowers Working in the school 3 Planted 50 trees and 100 4 Group 3 Making 5 Drawing and 6 in the art room Put up posters around the 7 to 8 everyone to protect the environment What did the students decide to do after the project? 9 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业08 过去进行时 知识复盘 一、基本概念 表示过去某个特定时间点或时间段正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性和进行性。 二、完整构成 1. 肯定式：主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing 2. 否定式：主语 + was/were + not + 动词 - ing 3. 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing? 4. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词 - ing? 三、时间状语标志 at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, at that time, at that moment, all day yesterday, from 7 to 9 last night, while, when, as 四、核心句型 1. 长动作（过去进行时）+ when + 短动作（一般过去时） 教材原句：I was working when the earthquake started. 2. While + 长动作（过去进行时）, 长动作（过去进行时） 例：While I was doing my homework, my mum was cooking dinner. 3. 表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作 例：He was writing a novel last month. 五、运用方法 1. 有明确的过去时间点，且动作正在进行，用过去进行时 2. when 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时 3. while 引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时，主句可用过去进行时或一般过去时 六、易错易混概念 1. 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时 1) 过去进行时：强调过去某个时间点正在进行的动作（未完成） 2) 一般过去时：强调过去已经完成的动作 例：I wrote a letter last night.（写完了）；I was writing a letter at 8 last night.（正在写） 2. while 后接短暂动词： 错误 While he arrived. → 正确 When he arrived. 3. 动词 - ing 拼写错误： 错误 runing → 正确 running；错误 swiming → 正确 swimming；错误 writeing → 正确 writing 4. was/were 与主语不一致： 错误 I were watching TV. → 正确 I was watching TV. 实战巩固·基础过关 一、单项选择： 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —What ______ you ______ at 8 o'clock last night? —I was watching a cartoon with my sister. A. did; do B. were; doing C. was; doing D. are; doing 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 昨晚 8 点你在做什么？—— 我在和我妹妹看动画片。考查过去进行时。时间状语 "at 8 o'clock last night" 是过去的具体时间点，强调当时正在进行的动作，用 "was/were + 现在分词" 结构。主语是 you，be 动词用 were，故选 B。 2. My mother ______ dinner when I ______ home from school yesterday. A. cooked; was getting B. was cooking; got C. was cooking; was getting D. cooked; got 【答案】B 【解析】句意：昨天我放学回家时，妈妈正在做晚饭。考查过去进行时与一般过去时的搭配。"我放学回家" 是短暂性动作，用一般过去时 got；"妈妈正在做饭" 是延续性动作，用过去进行时 was cooking，故选 B。 3. While Tom ______ in the park, he ______ a beautiful bird. A. was running; saw B. ran; saw C. was running; was seeing D. ran; was seeing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：汤姆在公园跑步时，看到了一只漂亮的鸟。考查 while 引导的时间状语从句。while 后接延续性动词，用过去进行时 was running；see 是短暂性动词，用一般过去时 saw，故选 A。 4. —Were you playing basketball at that time? —______. I was reading a book in the library. A. Yes, I was B. No, I wasn't C. Yes, I did D. No, I didn't 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 那时你在打篮球吗？—— 不，我没有。我在图书馆看书。考查过去进行时的一般疑问句回答。问句用 were 提问，回答也用 was/were；根据答语可知是否定回答，故选 B。 5. The students ______ an English class from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday morning. A. have B. had C. were having D. are having 【答案】C 【解析】句意：昨天上午 9 点到 10 点，学生们正在上英语课。考查过去进行时。时间状语 "from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday morning" 是过去的时间段，强调这段时间内正在进行的动作，用过去进行时 were having，故选 C。 6. He ______ a letter to his pen pal at 7:30 last evening. A. writes B. wrote C. was writing D. is writing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：昨晚 7 点半他正在给他的笔友写信。考查过去进行时。时间状语 "at 7:30 last evening" 是过去的具体时间点，强调当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时 was writing，故选 C。 7. ______ the twins ______ TV when the power went out? A. Was; watching B. Were; watching C. Did; watch D. Are; watching 【答案】B 【解析】句意：停电时双胞胎正在看电视吗？考查过去进行时的一般疑问句。when 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时；主语 the twins 是复数，be 动词用 were，故选 B。 8. I ______ my homework while my brother ______ computer games last night. A. did; played B. was doing; was playing C. did; was playing D. was doing; played 【答案】B 【解析】句意：昨晚我在做作业，我弟弟在玩电脑游戏。考查 while 连接两个同时进行的动作。while 表示 "当…… 的时候"，连接两个延续性动作时，都用过去进行时，故选 B。 9. —Why didn't you answer my phone just now? —Sorry, I ______ a shower. A. take B. took C. was taking D. am taking 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 你刚才为什么不接我电话？—— 对不起，我正在洗澡。考查过去进行时。强调打电话那个时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时 was taking，故选 C。 10. Which of the following sentences is WRONG? A. She was dancing at that moment. B. While he arrived, I was cleaning the room. C. They were building a bridge last month. D. What were you doing when the bell rang? 【答案】B 【解析】句意：下列哪个句子是错误的？考查 when 和 while 的用法区别。while 后必须接延续性动词，arrive 是短暂性动词，不能用 while 引导，应改为 "When he arrived, I was cleaning the room."，故选 B。 二、完成句子： 根据所给提示，完成下列句子，每空一词。 （一）用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. My father ______ (repair) his bike at 4:00 yesterday afternoon. 【答案】was repairing 【解析】句意：我爸爸昨天下午四点正在修他的自行车。结合语境可知，at 4:00 yesterday afternoon 是过去具体时间点，强调当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时；主语 My father 是第三人称单数，故填 was repairing。 2. They ______ (not play) football at that time yesterday. 【答案】weren’t playing 【解析】句意：他们昨天那个时候没有在踢足球。结合语境可知，at that time yesterday 是过去进行时的时间标志；主语 They 是复数，否定形式为 were not，缩写为 weren't，故填 weren't playing。 3. ______ your sister ______ (sing) an English song when you came in? 【答案】Was; singing 【解析】句意：你进来的时候你妹妹正在唱英文歌吗？结合语境可知，when 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句表示当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时；主语 your sister 是第三人称单数，一般疑问句将 was 提前，故填 Was; singing。 4. While we ______ (wait) for the bus, it began to rain heavily. 【答案】were waiting 【解析】句意：我们正在等公交车的时候，开始下大雨了。结合语境可知，While 引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作发生时从句动作正在进行，用过去进行时；主语 we 是复数，故填 were waiting。 5. The little girl ______ (draw) a picture in her bedroom all morning yesterday. 【答案】was drawing 【解析】句意：这个小女孩昨天整个上午都在她的卧室里画画。结合语境可知，all morning yesterday 表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作，用过去进行时；主语 The little girl 是第三人称单数，故填 was drawing。 （二）句型转换 1. Tom was doing his homework at 7:00 last night.（改为否定句） Tom ______ ______ his homework at 7:00 last night. 【答案】wasn’t doing 【解析】过去进行时的基本结构是 was/were + 动词现在分词 (doing)。改为否定句时，只需在 be 动词 (was/were) 后面直接加not，动词现在分词保持不变。本句主语 Tom 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 was，was not 可缩写为 wasn't，因此答案为 wasn't doing。 2. They were having a meeting at that time.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） —______ they ______ a meeting at that time? —Yes, ______ ______. 【答案】Were; having; they; were 【解析】1. 改为一般疑问句时，将 be 动词 (was/were) 提到句首，首字母大写，主语和动词现在分词位置不变。本句主语 they 是复数，be 动词用 were，因此疑问句为 Were they having a meeting at that time? 2. 过去进行时一般疑问句的肯定回答格式为：Yes, 主语 + was/were。回答时用代词 they 代替原句的主语 they，be 动词保持 were 不变，因此肯定回答为 Yes, they were。 3. I was reading a book when the teacher came in.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ you ______ when the teacher came in? 【答案】What; were; doing 【解析】1. 划线部分 "reading a book" 是正在进行的动作，对动作提问要用特殊疑问词What。 2. 特殊疑问句的结构是：特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序。原句主语是第一人称 I，改为疑问句时要转换为第二人称 you，对应的 be 动词也从 was 变为 were。 3. 由于划线部分是动词现在分词短语，需要用doing来代替被提问的动作，因此完整句子为 What were you doing when the teacher came in? 4. She was watering the flowers in the garden.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ she ______ the flowers? 【答案】Where; was; watering 【解析】1. 划线部分 "in the garden" 是地点状语，对地点提问要用特殊疑问词Where。 2. 特殊疑问句结构为：Where + 一般疑问句语序。本句主语 she 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 was，将 was 提到主语 she 前面，动词现在分词 watering 保持不变，因此完整句子为 Where was she watering the flowers? 5. The boys were playing basketball on the playground.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the boys ______ basketball? 【答案】Where; were; playing 【解析】1. 划线部分 "on the playground" 是地点状语，对地点提问用特殊疑问词Where。 2. 特殊疑问句结构为：Where + 一般疑问句语序。本句主语 the boys 是复数，be 动词用 were，将 were 提到主语 the boys 前面，动词现在分词 playing 保持不变，因此完整句子为 Where were the boys playing basketball? 实战巩固·能力进阶 一、完形填空： 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was a sunny Saturday afternoon. My friends and I were having a picnic in the park. We 1 sandwiches and fruit, and we 2 happily. Suddenly, a strong wind started to blow. Dark clouds covered the sky, and it looked like it was going to rain. While we 3 to pack up our things, a little boy ran towards us. He 4 a kite in his hand, and he looked very worried. "Help me!" he shouted. "My kite 5 stuck in the tree!" Just as I 6 up to help him, it started to rain. We all ran under a big tree. The little boy's name was Leo. He told us that he 7 with his kite alone because his parents were working. While we 8 for the rain to stop, Leo told us many interesting stories about his pet dog. After about twenty minutes, the rain stopped. The sun came out again, and a beautiful rainbow 9 in the sky. We helped Leo get his kite down from the tree. Then we continued our picnic. We 10 a wonderful afternoon together, even though it rained for a while. 1. A. prepared B. were preparing C. prepare D. are preparing 2. A. talked B. were talking C. talk D. are talking 3. A. tried B. were trying C. try D. are trying 4. A. held B. was holding C. holds D. is holding 5. A. got B. was getting C. gets D. is getting 6. A. stood B. was standing C. stand D. am standing 7. A. played B. was playing C. plays D. is playing 8. A. waited B. were waiting C. wait D. are waiting 9. A. appeared B. was appearing C. appears D. is appearing 10. A. had B. were having C. have D. are having 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和朋友们在一个晴朗的周六下午去公园野餐，突遇阵雨，期间帮助了一个风筝卡在树上的小男孩 Leo，雨停后大家一起度过了一个美好下午的温馨故事。文章核心考查一般过去时与过去进行时的辨析与运用。 1. 句意：我们准备了三明治和水果。 解析：准备食物是野餐开始时的一次性完成动作，用一般过去时，故选 A。 2. 句意：并且我们正开心地聊天。 解析：与前文 “were having a picnic” 并列，描述过去某个时间段正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，故选 B。 3. 句意：当我们正努力收拾东西的时候，一个小男孩朝我们跑来。 解析：while 引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作发生时，从句动作正在进行，用过去进行时，故选 B。 4. 句意：他手里正拿着一只风筝，看起来非常着急。 解析：描述当时小男孩手里正拿着风筝的持续状态，用过去进行时，故选 B。 5. 句意：我的风筝卡在树上了！ 解析：“get stuck” 是固定搭配，表示 “被卡住”，风筝卡住是已经发生的结果，用一般过去时，故选 A。 6. 句意：就在我站起来要帮他的时候，开始下雨了。 解析：“stand up” 是短暂性动作，描述过去发生的一次性动作，用一般过去时，故选 A。 7. 句意：他告诉我们他当时正独自放风筝，因为他的父母在工作。 解析：描述过去某个时间点正在进行的动作（放风筝），用过去进行时，故选 B。 8. 句意：当我们正等雨停的时候，Leo 给我们讲了很多关于他宠物狗的有趣故事。 解析：while 引导时间状语从句，强调等待的动作正在进行，用过去进行时，故选 B。 9. 句意：太阳又出来了，一道美丽的彩虹出现在天空中。 解析：彩虹出现是短暂性动作，描述过去发生的客观事实，用一般过去时，故选 A。 10. 句意：我们一起度过了一个美好的下午，尽管下了一会儿雨。 解析：描述已经结束的完整经历（度过下午），用一般过去时，故选 A。 二、阅读理解： 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Last Tuesday evening, something strange happened in our neighborhood. At about 8:30, all the lights in the street went out suddenly. It was completely dark everywhere. At that moment, I was doing my math homework in my room. My mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen, and my father was reading a newspaper in the living room. My little sister was playing with her toys on the floor. When the lights went out, she started to cry. My father found some candles and matches. We lit the candles and sat around the table. While we were having dinner by candlelight, we heard a loud noise outside. We went out to see what was happening. We saw that a car had hit a big tree. The driver was okay, but the tree was broken. The electricity came back at about 9:30. We were all very happy. That night, we learned that it's important to be prepared for unexpected things. 1. What was the writer doing when the lights went out? A. He was cooking dinner. B. He was doing his homework. C. He was reading a newspaper. D. He was playing with his sister. 2. Who started to cry when the lights went out? A. The writer. B. The writer's mother. C. The writer's father. D. The writer's little sister. 3. What did they hear while they were having dinner? A. A loud noise outside. B. Someone crying. C. The sound of rain. D. The bell ringing. 4. What happened outside? A. A big tree fell down. B. A car hit a tree. C. There was a fire. D. Someone broke into a house. 5. When did the electricity come back? A. At about 8:30. B. At about 9:00. C. At about 9:30. D. At about 10:00. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者以第一人称视角，记叙了上周二晚上自家所在社区突然停电，一家人在烛光下用餐时，目睹了一起汽车撞树的小事故，最终电力恢复的完整经历，文末点明了要为突发意外做好准备的道理。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 "At that moment, I was doing my math homework in my room." 可知，停电时作者正在做数学作业，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 "When the lights went out, she started to cry."，句中 "she" 指代前文的 "My little sister"，故选 D。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句 "While we were having dinner by candlelight, we heard a loud noise outside." 可知，他们用餐时听到了外面的巨响，故选 A。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段第五句 "We saw that a car had hit a big tree." 可知，外面发生了汽车撞树的事故，故选 B。 5. 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句 "The electricity came back at about 9:30." 可知，电力在大约 9:30 恢复，故选 C。 B Yesterday was a special day for Lily. She was going to have her first piano concert. She had practiced for three months, and she was very nervous. At 2:00 in the afternoon, Lily and her parents arrived at the concert hall. While Lily was waiting backstage, she saw many other children. They were all wearing beautiful clothes, and they looked very excited. Some were practicing their pieces quietly, and some were talking with their parents. When it was Lily's turn, her heart was beating fast. She walked onto the stage and sat down at the piano. While she was playing, she forgot all her nervousness. The music sounded beautiful, and everyone listened carefully. When she finished, the audience clapped loudly. Lily felt very proud of herself. After the concert, her parents gave her a big bunch of flowers. They said she played wonderfully. Lily was so happy that she couldn't stop smiling. That day, she learned that if you work hard, you can achieve your dreams. 1. Why was yesterday special for Lily? A. Because it was her birthday. B. Because she had her first piano concert. C. Because she got a new piano. D. Because she met her favorite pianist. 2. What was Lily doing while she was waiting backstage? A. She was practicing her piece. B. She was talking with her parents. C. She was watching other children. D. She was eating some snacks. 3. How did Lily feel when it was her turn to play? A. Happy. B. Excited. C. Nervous. D. Proud. 4. What happened while Lily was playing the piano? A. She forgot her music. B. She became more nervous. C. She forgot all her nervousness. D. The audience left early. 5. What can we learn from the story? A. Playing the piano is easy. B. Concerts are always fun. C. Hard work leads to success. D. Everyone should learn music. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了女孩莉莉参加人生第一场钢琴音乐会的完整经历。她经过三个月的刻苦练习，从登台前的极度紧张，到演奏时完全投入、忘却不安，最终收获了观众的掌声和父母的肯定，也领悟到努力就能实现梦想的道理。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段前两句 "Yesterday was a special day for Lily. She was going to have her first piano concert." 可知，昨天特殊是因为莉莉要举办第一场钢琴音乐会，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句 "While Lily was waiting backstage, she saw many other children." 可知，莉莉在后台等待时正在观察其他孩子，故选 C。 3. 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句 "When it was Lily's turn, her heart was beating fast."，结合前文提到的 "she was very nervous"，可推断出轮到她演奏时她非常紧张，故选 C。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段第四句 "While she was playing, she forgot all her nervousness." 可知，莉莉演奏时忘记了所有的紧张，故选 C。 5. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句 "That day, she learned that if you work hard, you can achieve your dreams." 可知，文章告诉我们努力会带来成功，故选 C。 C Last week, our class went on a science field trip to the Natural History Museum. We left school at 8:00 in the morning and took the bus there. When we arrived at the museum, our guide, Mr. Brown, met us. He showed us around the different halls. While we were walking through the dinosaur hall, we saw many amazing dinosaur fossils. Mr. Brown told us interesting facts about how dinosaurs lived millions of years ago. At 11:00, we went to the science lab. While we were doing an experiment about water, something funny happened. One of my classmates, Tom, spilled water on his shirt. Everyone laughed, but Tom didn't mind. He said it was part of the experiment. After lunch, we visited the space hall. We saw models of rockets and satellites. While we were watching a video about the moon landing, I felt like I was really there. It was so exciting! We left the museum at 3:00 in the afternoon. We were all tired, but we learned a lot. It was the best field trip ever! 1. Where did the class go on a field trip last week? A. To a zoo. B. To a science museum. C. To a park. D. To a library. 2. What did they see in the dinosaur hall? A. Live dinosaurs. B. Dinosaur fossils. C. Pictures of dinosaurs. D. Movies about dinosaurs. 3. What happened while they were doing the experiment? A. Tom broke a glass. B. Tom spilled water on his shirt. C. The experiment failed. D. The teacher got angry. 4. What did they do in the space hall? A. They made a model rocket. B. They talked to an astronaut. C. They watched a video about the moon landing. D. They saw a real satellite. 5. How did the students feel about the field trip? A. Bored. B. Tired but happy. C. Disappointed. D. Worried. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者以第一人称视角，记叙了上周班级前往自然历史博物馆开展科学实地考察的完整经历。同学们依次参观了恐龙厅、科学实验室和太空厅，过程中发生了有趣的小插曲，虽然大家都很疲惫，但收获颇丰，一致认为这是最棒的一次实地考察。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 "Last week, our class went on a science field trip to the Natural History Museum." 可知，班级上周去了自然历史博物馆（科学类博物馆），故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句 "While we were walking through the dinosaur hall, we saw many amazing dinosaur fossils." 可知，他们在恐龙厅看到了令人惊叹的恐龙化石，故选 B。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句 "One of my classmates, Tom, spilled water on his shirt." 可知，做水相关实验时，同学汤姆把水洒在了自己的衬衫上，故选 B。 4. 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句 "While we were watching a video about the moon landing, I felt like I was really there." 可知，他们在太空厅观看了关于人类登月的视频，故选 C。 5. 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句 "We were all tired, but we learned a lot. It was the best field trip ever!" 可知，学生们虽然疲惫，但非常开心且收获满满，故选 B。 D It was a cold winter morning. Mrs. Smith was walking her dog, Lucky, in the park. The ground was covered with snow, and the air was very cold. While they were walking near the lake, Lucky started to bark loudly. Mrs. Smith looked around and saw a little boy sitting on the ice. The ice was thin, and it looked like it was going to break. The boy was crying because he couldn't get up. Mrs. Smith ran towards the boy. She told him not to move. While she was calling for help, Lucky ran to the boy and pulled his coat gently. The boy held onto Lucky's collar, and Lucky pulled him to safety. Just then, two park workers arrived. They helped the boy and called his parents. The boy's parents were very grateful to Mrs. Smith and Lucky. They said that Lucky was a hero. That day, everyone learned that dogs are not just pets—they are also our good friends. They can help us when we are in danger. 1. What was Mrs. Smith doing in the park? A. She was running. B. She was walking her dog. C. She was skating. D. She was playing with her child. 2. Why did Lucky start barking loudly? A. Because he saw a cat. B. Because he was cold. C. Because he saw a little boy in danger. D. Because he wanted to play. 3. What was the boy doing when Mrs. Smith saw him? A. He was playing on the ice. B. He was sitting on the ice and crying. C. He was swimming in the lake. D. He was calling for help. 4. How did Lucky help the boy? A. He pulled the boy to safety. B. He called the park workers. C. He gave the boy his coat. D. He stayed with the boy until help arrived. 5. What is the main idea of the story? A. Dogs are very smart. B. We should be careful on the ice. C. Dogs are our good friends and can help us. D. Winter is a dangerous season. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了寒冷的冬日早晨，史密斯夫人带着爱犬幸运在公园散步时，发现一个被困在薄冰上的小男孩。聪明勇敢的幸运及时将男孩拉到安全地带，最终男孩获救的暖心故事，文末点明了狗不仅是宠物，更是能在危难时刻帮助我们的好朋友的主旨。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句 "Mrs. Smith was walking her dog, Lucky, in the park." 可知，史密斯夫人当时正在公园遛狗，故选 B。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段内容，幸运大声吠叫是因为它发现了坐在薄冰上、随时有落水危险的小男孩，故选 C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第四句 "Mrs. Smith looked around and saw a little boy sitting on the ice. The boy was crying because he couldn't get up." 可知，史密斯夫人看到男孩时，他正坐在冰上哭泣，故选 B。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 "The boy held onto Lucky's collar, and Lucky pulled him to safety." 可知，幸运通过拉着男孩的衣领，把他拖到了安全的地方，故选 A。 5. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段的总结句 "That day, everyone learned that dogs are not just pets—they are also our good friends. They can help us when we are in danger." 可知，本文的核心主旨是狗是我们的好朋友，能在危难时刻帮助我们，故选 C。 实战巩固·拓展培优 一、任务型阅读： 阅读下面短文，根据所给信息完成任务。 Our School's Environmental Protection Project Last month, our school started an environmental protection project. The goal was to teach students how to protect the environment and make our school cleaner and greener. All the students in Grade 8 took part in the project. On Monday morning, we had a meeting in the school hall. While the headmaster was giving a speech about the importance of environmental protection, we were taking notes carefully. He told us that small actions can make a big difference. After the meeting, we were divided into different groups. Each group had a different task. Group 1 was responsible for cleaning the schoolyard. While they were picking up rubbish, they found many plastic bottles and paper bags. They collected all the rubbish and put it into different recycling bins. Group 2 was in charge of planting trees and flowers. They worked in the school garden. While they were planting, some teachers came to help them. They planted 50 trees and 100 flowers that day. The garden looked much more beautiful after that. Group 3 made posters about environmental protection. They worked in the art room. While they were drawing and writing, they came up with many creative ideas. They put up the posters around the school to remind everyone to protect the environment. On Friday afternoon, we had a class meeting to talk about our experiences. We shared what we had learned and what we would do in the future. We all agreed that protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility. The project was a great success. Not only did we make our school more beautiful, but we also learned a lot about environmental protection. We decided to continue doing these things to make our world a better place. Group Task What they were doing Result Group 1 Cleaning the schoolyard 1 up rubbish Collected rubbish and put it into 2 bins Group 2 Planting trees and flowers Working in the school 3 Planted 50 trees and 100 4 Group 3 Making 5 Drawing and 6 in the art room Put up posters around the 7 to 8 everyone to protect the environment What did the students decide to do after the project? 9 【答案】1. picking 2. recycling 3. garden 4. flowers 5. posters 6. writing 7. school 8. remind 9. They decided to continue doing these things to make their world a better place. 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者学校上个月开展的环保项目。八年级全体学生分组完成了校园清扫、植树种花和制作环保海报等任务，通过分享交流加深了对环保的认识，项目取得圆满成功，也让同学们明白了保护环境是每个人的责任。 1. 题目要求填写第一组学生正在做的事。根据原文第三段 "While they were picking up rubbish" 可知，他们正在捡垃圾，故填 picking。 2. 题目要求填写垃圾被放入的垃圾桶类型。根据原文第三段 "put it into different recycling bins" 可知，是回收垃圾桶，故填 recycling。 3. 题目要求填写第二组学生工作的地点。根据原文第四段 "They worked in the school garden" 可知，地点是学校花园，故填 garden。 4. 题目要求填写第二组种植的另一种植物。根据原文第四段 "They planted 50 trees and 100 flowers that day" 可知，还种了 100 朵花，故填 flowers。 5. 题目要求填写第三组的任务。根据原文第五段 "Group 3 made posters about environmental protection" 可知，任务是制作海报，故填 posters。 6. 题目要求填写第三组学生正在做的事。根据原文第五段 "While they were drawing and writing" 可知，他们正在画画和写字，故填 writing。 7. 题目要求填写海报张贴的地点。根据原文第五段 "They put up the posters around the school" 可知，地点是学校周围，故填 school。 8. 题目要求填写张贴海报的目的。根据原文第五段 "to remind everyone to protect the environment" 可知，目的是提醒大家保护环境，故填 remind。 9. 题目要求回答学生们在项目结束后决定做什么。根据原文最后一段 "We decided to continue doing these things to make our world a better place." 可知，他们决定继续做这些事来让世界变得更美好。 3 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $