Unit 2 Stay Healthy 知识点整理2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语八年级下册Unit 2知识清单全面覆盖健康与安全主题，包含身体不适、应对建议、安全防护等核心短语，词性转换、重点句型、核心语法及话题作文五大知识范畴，搭建从词汇积累到句型运用再到语法实践和写作输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过功能分类、高频标注、情境关联呈现知识体系，如核心短语分“身体不适类”等四类，词性转换标注“考试高频变形”（如back→backache），重点句型标注“写作&完形填空必背”并配对话例句，培养语言能力和学习能力。设计话题作文“写作思路+高分范文”，教师可直接用于教学，学生能自主复习，提升学习效率。

八年级英语下册 Unit 2知识点 【核心短语】 身体不适类 1.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 2.have a stomachache 胃痛 3.have a toothache 牙痛 4.have a headache 头痛 5.have a backache 背痛 6.have a cut 割伤 7.have a fever 发烧 8.have a runny nose 流鼻涕 9.have a cough 咳嗽 10.have a bruised knee 膝盖淤青 11.have the flu 得了流感 12.hurt oneself 伤到自己 13.feel terrible / not feel well 感觉不舒服 应对建议类 1.lie down and rest 躺下休息 2.drink some water with honey 喝些蜂蜜水 3.see a dentist 看牙医 4.put something warm on your stomach 用暖物敷肚子 5.clean the area and cover it 清洗并包扎伤口 6.press down on your nose 按住鼻子（止鼻血） 7.take some medicine 吃药 8.drink enough water 喝足量的水 9.rest at home 在家休息 10.wear a mask 戴口罩 11.put some ice on it 冰敷 12.go to the doctor 去看医生 安全防护类 1.put out the fire 灭火 2.turn off the stove 关掉炉子 3.use a fire extinguisher 使用灭火器 4.fall off the bike 从自行车上摔下来 5.take care of oneself 照顾自己 6.protect oneself 保护自己 7.keep ourselves safe 保证自身安全 其余高频短语 1.suffer from 受苦；受折磨 2.sit down 坐下 3.take one's temperature 给某人量体温 4.prevent…from… 防止……；阻止…… 5.what's more 更有甚者；更为重要的是 6.catch fire 着火 7.turn on 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开 8.no way 不可能；没门 9.be about to do sth.即将；正要（做某事） 10.stop suddenly 突然停住 11.first aid 急救 12.eat out 上馆子吃饭；在外用餐 13.from now on 从现在起 14.flu season 流感季节 15.take good care of his health 照顾好他的健康 16.in a panic 惊慌失措 17.pour the oil into the pan 将油倒入平底锅中 18.nothing but 除了……都不是 【词性转换】（考试高频变形） 1.身体部位→病痛类名词 back → backache 背痛 head → headache 头痛 stomach → stomachache 胃痛 tooth → toothache 牙痛 2.后缀 -less 变形 care → careless 粗心的 harm → harmless 无害的 pain → painless 无痛的 colour → colourless 无色的 3.人称代词→反身代词 my → myself 我自己 your → yourself 你自己 / yourselves 你们自己 him → himself 他自己 her → herself 她自己 it → itself 它自己 our → ourselves 我们自己 them → themselves 他们/她们/它们自己 4.动词、形容词、名词互变 1.press v.压；按 → pressure n.压力 2.careless adj.粗心的 → carelessness n.粗心 → careful adj.仔细的（反义词）→ care n.关心 3.suffer v.受苦 → suffering n.痛苦 → sufferer n.患者 4.medicine n.药；医学 → medical adj.医学的；医疗的 5.description n.描写 → describe v.描述 6.patient n.病人；adj.有耐心的 → patience n.耐心 7.injury n.伤害 → injure v.伤害 → injured adj.受伤的 8.illness n.疾病 → ill adj.生病的 9.clear adj.清晰的；v.清理 → clearly adv.清晰地 10.pain n.疼痛 → painful adj.疼痛的 11.brightness n.亮度 → bright adj.明亮的 → brightly adv.明亮地 12.environment n.环境 → environmental adj.环境的 13.cross v.穿越 → crossing n.十字路口 14.happily adv.快乐地 → happy adj.快乐的 → happiness n.幸福 15.burn v.燃烧 → burning adj.燃烧的 → burnt adj.烧焦的 16.quick adj.迅速的 → quickly adv.迅速地 17.safety n.安全 → safe adj.安全的 → safely adv.安全地 18.sadly adv.伤心地 → sad adj.悲伤的 → sadness n.悲伤 19.luckily adv.幸运地 → lucky adj.幸运的 → luck n.运气 20.badly adv.严重地 → bad adj.糟糕的 21.harm n./v.伤害 → harmful adj.有害的 → harmless adj.无害的 22.check v./n.检查 → checker n.检验员 23.nervously adv.紧张地 → nervous adj.紧张的 → nervousness n.紧张 【重点句型】（写作&完形填空必背） 1.— What's wrong? — I ate too much last night.Now my stomach aches. 怎么了？我昨晚吃得太多了。现在我的肚子疼。 2.You shouldn't eat so much next time. 下次你可别吃这么多啦。 3.What's the matter? I have a really bad toothache. 怎么了？我的牙齿疼得厉害。 4.You should see the dentist and get an X-ray.You could eat some soft food for now. 你应该去看牙医并做一下X光检查。目前你可以吃些软食。 5.How did you hurt yourself? I hurt myself when I fell off my bike. 你是怎么受伤的？我是在从自行车上摔下来的时候受伤的。 6.Be more careful next time.If we are not careful, we can easily hurt ourselves. 下次要更加小心些。如果我们不够小心，就很容易伤到自己。 7.Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a doctor himself. 刘先生懂得如何保持健康，因为他自己曾经是一名医生。 8.I'm suffering from a bad headache. 我正遭受着严重的头痛。 9.He turned on the stove and left the oil to heat while he prepared the chicken. 他打开炉灶，让油在火上加热，同时开始准备鸡肉。 10.He was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. 他离锅子太近了，以至于一缕火焰瞬间就烧到了他的衬衫上。 【核心语法】 1.情态动词 should / shouldn't / could（表建议） - should：语气强硬，表理应、必须做某事 结构：主语 + should + 动词原形 否定：主语 + shouldn't + 动词原形 例：You should take medicine for your fever. You shouldn't eat sweet food when you have a toothache. - could：语气委婉，表委婉提议、可供选择的做法 结构：主语 + could + 动词原形 例：You could drink honey water for a sore throat. You could rest at home instead of going to school. 2.反身代词 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 /herself 她自己 /itself 它自己 复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves 他们 / 她们 / 它们自己 核心用法 1.作宾语：动作作用于主语自身 Don't cut yourself with the knife. He hurt himself when he fell. 2.作同位语：强调“亲自、独自” She cooked dinner herself. We finished the work ourselves. 固定搭配 1.enjoy oneself 玩得开心 2.take care of oneself 照顾自己 3.hurt oneself 伤到自己 4.by oneself 独自 5.teach oneself 自学 6.help oneself (to sth.) 随便吃/取用 【话题作文】 写作思路 1.开头：点明健康与安全的重要性 2.主体：分点介绍保持健康、日常避险的具体做法 3.结尾：总结观点，发出倡议 高分范文 How to Stay Healthy and Safe Health is the most important thing in our lives.Without good health, we can't study or live happily.It's also necessary for us to keep safe all the time.Here are some useful suggestions. First, we need to develop good living habits to stay healthy.We should eat more fruit and vegetables and drink enough water every day.We had better stay away from junk food.Doing sports regularly can also make us strong.When we feel sick, we must go to see a doctor in time and take medicine as told. Second, we have to pay attention to safety in daily life.Be careful when we use fire or stoves.If we get hurt accidentally, we should deal with the wound correctly.When riding bikes, never ride too fast on the street.We must learn to protect ourselves all the time. Health and safety are the base of a happy life.Let's take good care of ourselves from now on. 0 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $