Unit 2 知识点整理默写及单元测试 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

# 八年级下册 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 知识点整理（背诵版） 一、重点单词与短语 1. careful (adj.) 小心的，仔细的 → carefully (adv.) 派生词：careless (adj.) 粗心的 2. medicine (n.) 药 → medical (adj.) 医疗的 take some medicine 吃药 3. illness (n.) 疾病 → ill (adj.) 生病的 4. describe (v.) 描述 → description (n.) 描述 6. safe (adj.) 安全的 → safety (n.) 安全 7. pain (n.) 疼痛 → painful (adj.) 疼痛的 8. bright (adj.) 明亮的 → brightness (n.) 亮度 9. themselves (pron.) 他们/她们/它们自己（反身代词） 11. happy (adj.) 高兴的 → happily (adv.) 高兴地 12.luck(n.)幸运→lucky(adj.)幸运的→luckily(adv.)幸运地 12. badly (adv.) 糟糕地 → worse (比较级) 更坏的，更糟的 13.harm(n./v.)伤害→harmful(adj.)有害的 17. nervous (adj.) 紧张的 → nervously (adv.) 紧张地 18.see/visit a dentist 看牙医 18. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 19. hurt (v.) (使)疼痛；伤害（过去式 hurt） 20. have a fever 发烧 21. have a cough 咳嗽 22. wear a mask 戴口罩 23.suffer from经受；遭受 23. have a test 参加考试/测试 24. take a seat 坐下 25.take one's temperature 量体温 26. have the flu 患流感 27. stop/keep/prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 28.what’s more更为重要的是29. catch fire 着火；be on fire 着火 30. turn off 关闭（电器等） → turn on 打开 32. turn up 调大（音量等）；出现 → turn down 调小；拒绝 31. no way 没门，绝不 33. be about to 即将 34. throw away 扔掉 35. stop short 突然停止 36. eat out 外出就餐 37. first aid 急救 38. be allergic to 对……过敏 39. from now on 从现在起 二、重点语法 1. 情态动词 could 与 should - could：表示“可以”，常用于委婉地提出请求或建议，也可表示过去的能力。 例：You could go to see a doctor. 你可以去看医生。 - should：表示“应该”，用于提出建议或义务。 例：You should take some medicine. 你应该吃药。 2. 反身代词 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself（我自己） ourselves（我们自己） 第二人称 yourself（你自己） yourselves（你们自己） 第三人称 himself（他自己）、herself（她自己）、itself（它自己） themselves（他们/她们/它们自己） 常用固定搭配： - by oneself 独自地 e.g. He finished the work by himself. 他独自完成了工作。 - help oneself to sth. 随便吃/用某物 e.g. Help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼。 - protect oneself 保护自己 - take care of oneself 照顾自己 - enjoy oneself 玩得开心 三、重点句型 1. 询问某人健康状况： - What's wrong with you? 你怎么了？ - What's the matter with you? 你怎么了？ - Are you OK? 你还好吗？ 2. 描述病症： - I have a headache / stomachache / backache. 我头痛/胃痛/背痛。 - I have a sore throat / back / leg. 我喉咙痛/背痛/腿痛。 - I have a fever / cough / flu. 我发烧/咳嗽/得了流感。 3. 给出建议： - You should take some medicine / get an X-ray / drink enough water. 你应该吃药/拍X光片/喝足够的水。 4. 其他实用句型： - When you're outside, please wear a mask. It's helpful to prevent the flu virus from spreading easily among people. 当你外出时，请戴口罩，这有助于防止流感病毒在人群中轻易传播。 - Our health is in our hands. We should take good care of ourselves. 我们的健康掌握在自己手中，我们应该好好照顾自己。 # 八年级下册 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 知识点整理（默写版） 一、重点单词与短语 1. (adj.) 小心的，仔细的 → (adv.) 派生词： (adj.) 粗心的 2. medicine (n.) 药 → (adj.) 医疗的 吃药 3. illness (n.) 疾病 → (adj.) 生病的 4. describe (v.) 描述 → (n.) 描述 5. safe (adj.) 安全的 → (n.) 安全 6. pain (n.) 疼痛 → (adj.) 疼痛的 7. bright (adj.) 明亮的 → (n.) 亮度 8. (pron.) 他们/她们/它们自己（反身代词） 9. happy (adj.) 高兴的 → (adv.) 高兴地 10.luck(n.)幸运→ (adj.)幸运的→ (adv.)幸运地 11. (adv.) 糟糕地 → (比较级) 更坏的，更糟的 12.harm(n./v.)伤害→ (adj.)有害的 13. nervous (adj.) 紧张的 → (adv.) 紧张地 14. 看牙医 15. 避免做某事 16. (v.) (使)疼痛；伤害（过去式 ） 17. 发烧 18. 咳嗽 19. 头痛/背痛/胃痛 19. 戴口罩 20. 经受；遭受 23. 参加考试/测试 24. 坐下 25. 量体温 26. 患流感 27. 阻止某人做某事 28. 更为重要的是29. 着火； 着火 30. 关闭（电器等） → 打开 32. 调大（音量等）；出现 → 调小；拒绝 31. 没门，绝不 33. 即将 34. 扔掉 35. 突然停止 36. 外出就餐 37. 急救 38. 对……过敏 39. 从现在起 二、重点语法 1. 情态动词 could 与 should - could：表示“可以”，常用于委婉地提出请求或建议，也可表示过去的能力。 例：You could go to see a doctor. 你可以去看医生。 - should：表示“应该”，用于提出建议或义务。 例：You should take some medicine. 你应该吃药。 2. 反身代词 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 （我自己） （我们自己） 第二人称 （你自己） （你们自己） 第三人称 （他自己）、 （她自己）、 （它自己） （他们/她们/它们自己） 常用固定搭配： - 独自地 e.g. He finished the work by himself. 他独自完成了工作。 - . 随便吃/用某物 e.g. Help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼。 - 保护自己 - 照顾自己 - 玩得开心 三、重点句型 1. 询问某人健康状况： - 你怎么了？ - 你怎么了？ - 你还好吗？ 2. 描述病症： - I have a / / . 我头痛/胃痛/背痛。 - I have a throat / back / leg. 我喉咙痛/背痛/腿痛。 - I have a / / . 我发烧/咳嗽/得了流感。 3. 给出建议： - You should / / drink enough water. 你应该吃药/拍X光片/喝足够的水。 4. 其他实用句型： - When you're outside, please wear a mask. It helps to us passing the flu virus to others easily. 当你外出时，请戴口罩，这有助于防止流感病毒在人群中轻易传播。 - Our health is in our hands. We should ourselves. 我们的健康掌握在自己手中，我们应该好好照顾自己。 Unit 2 Stay Healthy 综合测试卷 （满分：100分） 姓名： 班级： 一、单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） ( ) 1. —Dad, can I have my own room? I need a quiet ______ for better learning. — All right. I'll think about it. A.situation  B.service  C.environment D. program ( ) 2. —The movie tells us to protect ______ first whenever and wherever. —I agree. It's really a good movie. A. myself  B. ourselves C. themselves  D. herself ( ) 3. Little Tom failed to ______ the ball into the basket. And he wanted to have a second try. A. push  B. catch  C. point  D. throw ( ) 4. —The flu is so serious now. It is sure to be ______ to our health. —Yes, I wonder when we needn't worry about it any more. A.harmful  B. important  C. serious  D. impolite ( )5. —The head teacher asked loudly in class. She wanted to know who caused the accident. —No wonder all students waited ______ for the others to speak first. A. luckily  B. angrily  C. nervously  D. patiently ( ) 6. —What should we pay attention to when shopping on the Internet? —Well, take your personal information seriously and avoid ______ it online. A. sharing  B. share  C. to share  D. shared ( ) 7. —You ______ always be honest. Telling lies will make people not trust you. —I know, Dad. I'll be an honest boy. A. could  B. might  C. would  D. should ( ) 8. —Oh, Lucy, I'm ______ a terrible headache. —Sorry to hear that. Perhaps you need a rest. A. getting over B. suffering from C. turning off D. looking for ( ) 9. Funny short stories relax your mind after a busy day. ______, you can learn interesting facts from them. A. For example B. According to  C. So far  D. Moreover ( ) 10. —What's the matter with your brother? —______. So he has to see a doctor. A. He is friendly  B. He is tall  C. He has a fever  D. He is tired 二、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was a warm day. Our class was outside for the 11. ______fitness test. It was time to run the mile. This year, I was going to be the first. We all stood at the starting line and got 12.______ . Our PE teacher, Mr Markel, called, “Ready? Go!” and we all took off. I ran fast and my legs were strong. After the first lap (圈), I was in the lead. But halfway through the second lap, I suddenly couldn’t breathe well. It 13.______ like something heavy was sitting on my body. I stopped running and slowly 14.______ the field. Mr Markel ran to me and asked my friend Lauren to walk with me to the nurse’s office. The nurse, Mrs Marge, 15.______ up from her desk when she saw me. She quickly opened a box, took out an inhaler (吸入器), and gave it to 16.______ . I shook it and inhaled. Very little 17.______ came out—not enough. I tried it again. The inhaler was empty (空的)! I was 18.______ , and the room began to turn round and round. In a 19.______ , Mrs Marge called an ambulance (救护车). Soon, the workers helped me into the ambulance. They put a mask 20.______ my mouth and told me to breathe deeply. It was the medicine in the inhaler! It tasted bad, 21.______ it helped. In the hospital, the doctor 22.______ me carefully. After the test results came out, the doctor said I was 23.______ to pollen. It was the pollen that caused my 24. ______. She asked me to take care of my 25.______ first. Later, I ran the mile again and I won the mile that year—but indoors. ( ) 11. A. daily B. weekly C. monthly D. yearly ( )12. A. ready B. lively C. surprised D. positive ( ) 13. A. looked B. sounded C. felt D. smelt ( ) 14. A. cleared B. crossed C. avoided D. burnt ( ) 15. A. grew B. woke C. jumped D. picked ( ) 16. A. him B. me C. her D. them ( ) 17. A. medicine B. water C. smoke D. gas ( ) 18. A. interested B. bored C. excited D. scared ( ) 19. A. pain B. shock C. panic D. while ( ) 20. A. over B. under C. beside D. across ( ) 21. A. so B. bu t C. and D. or ( ) 22. A. pushed B. praised C. inspired D. checked ( ) 23. A. afraid B. allergic C. harmful D. nervous ( ) 24. A. illness B. injury C. virus D. nosebleed ( ) 25. A. test B. teacher C. health D. race 三、阅读理解（共两篇，满分20分） A篇 It was time for a break. Miss Miller told the kids the playground rules once again. “No jumping off the swings. No pushing...” After reviewing the rules, the kids went outside. Robbie and Jeff played on the swings. “Watch me jump off,” said Robbie. “Don’t jump,” said Jeff. “Remember what Miss Miller said.” “She’s not looking. She won’t know,” said Robbie. Then he jumped off the swing and let out a huge cry! “Help!” he shouted. “I can’t move my leg.” All the kids ran to Robbie, as well as Miss Miller. “What happened?” asked Miss Miller. “Robbie jumped off the swing, and I told him not to,” said Jeff. Robbie’s face turned red. He kept his head down and didn’t say a word. “It seems that you have a broken leg,” said Miss Miller. She called the ambulance to get Robbie to the hospital. After that, it was time for the other kids to go back to the classroom. Miss Miller talked with them about the importance of following the playground rules. “I hope all of you have learnt something from Robbie today,” Miss Miller said. “I hope Robbie can come back soon. Now let’s…” ( ) 26. Where were the kids at the beginning of the story? A. In the hospital. B. At their homes.  C. In the playground. D. In the classroom. ( ) 27. Who had an accident during the break time? A. Robbie. B. Jeff. C. Miss Miller. D. A stranger. ( ) 28. What does the underlined word “ambulance” mean in Chinese? A. 消防车 B. 清洁车 C. 救护车 D. 货运车 ( ) 29. What would Miss Miller probably ask the other kids to do next? A. Stop playing on the swings. B. Make cards for Robbie to make him happy. C. Visit Robbie and tell him the new rules. D. Make more safety rules by themselves. ( ) 30. What can we learn from the passage? A. Kids get hurt easily. B. What teachers said is right. C. We shouldn’t play on the swings. D. It’s important to follow the rules. B篇 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Food safety is important, and it doesn’t end at our door. The fridge may be a perfect choice for keeping food fresh, but it is not a magic box to keep all kinds of food. 31. ______ The temperature in the fresh-keeping area can be different from shelf to shelf. 32. ______ The higher the shelf is, the higher the temperature will be. If you store your food on the right shelf, you can get the best out of it. Try to put ready-to-eat food like burgers, pizza or cream cakes on the top shelves. The middle shelves are for cheese, yogurt and eggs. 33. ______ They can be used to store raw meat and seafood. Some fridges have a freezer for keeping these things, so use it if you have one. The fridge can stop the bacteria from growing fast. Bacteria can grow quickly in temperatures between 5°C and 60°C. If you want to get the most out of your food, the temperature in your fridge needs to be between 0°C and 5°C. 34. ______ Fruit and vegetables can also be stored at room temperature. Try to keep them in a cool, dark place, away from direct sunlight. Once they are cut, they should be put in the fridge. 35. ______ Hope you can follow them to live a healthy life. A. It’s necessary to know where to put your fridge. B. The freezer temperature should be below -18°C. C. The tips above can help you keep your food fresh. D. The bottom shelves are the coldest part of the fridge. E. Let’s learn how to store food correctly in the fridge. F. We need to make use of these different temperatures. 四、选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每空限填一词。 suddenly, injury, fast, look, dangerous, their, cross, from, safe, if Many accidents are not always far from us. They may 36. ______ happen in our everyday lives. Nowadays traffic accidents happen very often. Old people sometimes have accidents because they usually can’t see or hear clearly. Children have accidents because they don’t walk carefully. They don’t pay much attention to the road 37.______ when they cross the road. Adults have accidents mainly because they don’t obey the traffic rules. Unluckily, these traffic accidents often hurt people. Some people get badly injured, and those 38. ______ make them painful. Some of them may suffer 39. ______ pain for a long time after the accidents. And some may even lose 40. ______ lives because of these accidents. A car, a truck or a bus can’t stop very quickly. 41. ______they are moving very fast, they will travel many metres before stopping. People don’t always understand this. They think a car can stop in a few metres. In fact, a car travelling 42.______ takes longer to stop than one travelling slower. Before we cross the road, we should 43.______ both ways, left and right. In this way, we can cross the road safely. If the road is clear, it’s safe to cross, but it’s 44. ______ to run. When we run across the road, we may fall down. And we must wait for the light to become green. When the old have difficulties 45.______ the road, the young should help them. 五、任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Most people have a body temperature of around 37°C. Some people have a normal temperature that is a little higher, while others have a normal temperature that is a little lower. Most people’s body temperature even changes a little bit during the whole day. It’s usually a little lower in the morning and a little higher in the evening. For most kids, their body temperature stays the same from day to day until germs go into their bodies. When a fever starts, your body will get hotter than usual at first, and then you may feel very cold even though it isn’t cold. It’s very important for you to drink much water when you have a fever, because there isn’t enough water in your body as your body gets hotter. The fever isn’t a big problem. When you have a fever, you should have a good rest and drink much water. After a few hours, the fever may go away by itself. So many doctors agree that many people with a fever don’t need to take any special medicine unless the fever is making them very uncomfortable. 46. When is most people’s body temperature a little lower? ________________________________________ 47. How do you feel when a fever starts? ________________________________________ 48. What should you do when you have a fever? ________________________________________ 49. Why do many doctors agree that many people with a fever don’t need to take any special medicine? ________________________________________ 50. What else can you do when having a fever? (言之有理即可) ________________________________________ 六、补全对话（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的句子补全对话，其中有两项多余。 A: Good morning, 51. ______ B: I don’t feel very well and have a headache. A: 52. ______ B: No, I felt terrible last night. A: Oh, I see. 53. ______ B: Do I have to stay in bed? A: Yes. You’d better stay at home for two or three days. B: 54. ______ A: No. It’s nothing serious. But you really need a good rest and take the medicine. B: 55. ______ A: Three times a day. B: OK. Thank you. A. Is it serious? B. What should I do? C. What’s the matter? D. You have a bad cold. E. Did you sleep well last night? F. How often should I take the medicine? 七、词汇运用（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） A) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 56. We enjoyed ______ (our) very much at the school party last night. 57. Eating too much cold food can make our ______ (stomach) hurt. 58. To keep healthy, you need to avoid ______ (sit) for too long without exercising. 59. Jenny ______ (burn) her hand when she was cooking eggs this morning. 60. The stone ______ (hit) the old glass window hard and broke it into several pieces. B) 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 61. 早上你可以喝些蜂蜜水。这对你身体有好处。 You can drink some honey water in the morning. ______ ______ for your body. 62. 流鼻血时别仰头，坐直身体按压鼻子就好。 Don’t lift your head up when you ______ ______ ______. Just sit straight and press your nose. 63. 医生说我对这种花过敏，所以我得离它远点。 The doctor says I ______ ______ ______ this kind of flower, so I need to stay away from it. 64. 他下班后累得不想做饭，所以决定一个人出去吃。 He was too tired to cook after work, so he decided to ______ ______ alone. 65. 我们的健康掌握在我们手中，我们应该照顾好自己。 Our health is in our hands. We should ______ good ______ of ourselves. 八、书面表达（满分15分） 假设你是李华，你的朋友Tom最近因为学习压力大，经常熬夜，导致身体不适。请你给他写一封电子邮件，表达关心并提出一些保持健康的建议。 内容包括： 1. 表达关心； 2. 提出建议（如合理饮食、适量运动、充足睡眠等）； 3. 表达祝愿。 词数80左右，可适当发挥。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear that you’re not feeling well these days. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua # 参考答案 ## 一、单项选择 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. C ## 二、完形填空 11-15D A C B C 16-20B D D C A 21-25B D BA C ## 三、阅读理解 A篇：26–30 D A C B D B篇：31–35 E F D B C ##四、选词填空 36. suddenly 37. safety 38. injuries 39. from 40. their 41. If 42. faster 43. look 44. dangerous 45. crossing ## 五、任务型阅读 46. In the morning. 47. You may feel very cold. 48. Have a good rest and drink much water. 49. Because the fever may go away by itself after a few hours. 50. You can take some medicine if it makes you very uncomfortable. (答案合理即可) ## 六、补全对话 51–55 C E D A F 七、词汇运用 A) 56. ourselves 57. stomachs 58. sitting 59. burnt/burned 60. hit B) 61. It’s good 62. have a nosebleed 63. am allergic to 64. eat out 65. take, care 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $