Unit 8 Grammar-Further study语言知识点梳理和练习 2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

该初中英语讲义通过表格、列表等工具系统构建Unit 8知识体系，涵盖核心词汇（含复数、词性变化）、短语、句型及语法（一般过去时II），清晰呈现语法结构（肯定、否定、疑问）和易混点（实义动词与be动词过去式区分），突出重难点内在联系。 讲义亮点是分层练习设计，基础巩固含单词拼写（如“工厂”填factory）、语法填空（如happy→happily），能力提升有完形、阅读等，通过易混词辨析表格（if的“是否”与“如果”用法）培养思维品质，助力不同层次学生提升语言能力，支持自主复习与教师精准教学。

译林版英语 Unit 8 Wonderland 课时2 Grammar-Further study 目标导航 核心词汇 1. series n.连续剧；（书、文章等的）系列；一系列→ series [复数] 2. factory n.工厂，制造厂→ factories [复数] 3. company n.公司 4. just adv.刚才→ just now 刚才[短语] 5. if conj.是否 6. lose v.丧失，失去→ lost adj.丢失的 7. publish v.出版；发表（作品） 8. die v.死亡；消失→ died [过去时]→ dying [现在分词] 9. guide n.指南；导游 10. set v.为...设置背景于；创立→ set up 创建[短语] 11. real adj.真实的，实际存在的→ really adv.真的 12. magic n.魔法；魔术；魔力→ magical adj.有魔力的；奇妙的 13. imagined adj.想象的→ imagine v.想象 14. while conj.在...期间；与...同时 15. nurse n.保姆；护士 16. happily adv.高兴地→ happy adj.高兴的→ unhappy [反义词] 17. finally adv.最终 18. fill v.使充满；填满 19. task n.任务；工作 20. goal n.目标 21. note n.便条；笔记；音符 22. suddenly adv.突然→ sudden adj.突然的 23. decide v.决定→ decide to do sth 决定做某事[短语] 24. enter v.进入 25. towards prep.向；朝 26. reach v.够得着；抵达；实现；达到 27. fail v.失败；未能（做到）；不及格 核心短语 1. be born 出生 2. give up 放弃 3. in the face of 面对（困难等） 4. too...to 太...而不能 重点句型 知识精讲 Grammar --Simple past tense(II) 句式结构 1. 肯定： (1) 主语+行为动词过去式+其他 She saw a rabbit passing by.她看到一只兔子经过。 (2) 主语 + was/were + 表语 He was at home yesterday.他昨天在家。 2. 否定： (1) 主语+did not+动词原形+其他 （缩写：didn't） She didn’t go to the cinema last night. (2) 主语 + was/were + not + 表语（缩写：wasn't /weren't） They weren't in the classroom just now. 3. 疑问： (1) Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ Did you finish your homework? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+did. 否定回答：No，主语+did not. (2) Was/Were + 主语 + 表语？ Were you late yesterday? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答：No，主语+was not/were not. 关键区分 1.实义动词过去式 vs be 动词过去式 • 有实义动词：否定 / 疑问用 did，动词变回原形 • 无实义动词（名词 / 形容词 / 地点作表语）：否定 / 疑问直接用 was/were 考点 2：过去时与频度副词连用 过去经常做的动作，可用 often, usually, always + 动词过去式 例：She often walked to school last term. 上学期她常步行上学。 考点 3：并列句中时态一致 两个先后发生的过去动作，前后都用过去式 例：He opened the door and went out. 他打开门走了出去。 考点 4：一般过去时 + 时间状语从句 常用连词 when, before, after，主从句统一用过去式 例：I watched TV after I finished my homework. 语言知识点梳理 知识点1 Simon,did you know that Roald Dahl wrote Charlie and the Chocolate Factory? (1) factory n. 工厂 → 复数：factories chocolate factory 巧克力工厂 car factory 汽车工厂 There is a big chocolate factory near my home. 我家附近有一家大型巧克力工厂。 知识点2 When he was young,a chocolate company asked the children at his school to try some new chocolate. company n. 公司；陪伴 →复数：companies a big company 大公司；keep sb company 陪伴某人 知识点3 They tasted the chocolate and said if they like it or not. if conj. 是否；如果 if...or not 是否； if possible 如果可能 易混辨析： 单词 含义 区别 if 是否 引导宾语从句，可与 whether 互换，常搭配 if...or not 如果 引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现 I don’t know if he will come.（是否） 我不知道他是否会来。 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果） 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。 知识点4 Was born in the UK;Lost his sister and father;Published Charlie and the Chocolate Factory;Died 【词汇讲解】 (1) be born 出生 be born in + 地点 / 年份； be born on + 具体日期 He was born in 1916. 他出生于 1916 年。 (2) lose v. 失去；丢失 【过去式 / 过去分词：lost；现在分词：losing；名词：loss 损失】 lose one’s family 失去亲人； lose a key 丢钥匙； lose heart 灰心 lose one’s way 迷糊 (3) publish v. 出版；发行 publish a book 出版一本书 publisher n.出版商 publishing house 出版社 The writer published his new story last year. 这位作家去年出版了他的新故事。 (4) die v. 死亡 die of/from 死于……； die out 灭绝 His grandfather died ten years ago. 他的祖父十年前去世了。 词性拓展： 过去式 / 过去分词：died； 现在分词：dying 形容词：dead 死的； dying 垂死的 名词：death 死亡 His death made us very sad.他的死亡使我们非常难过。 知识点5 A guide to fantasy 【词汇讲解】 (1) guide n. 指南；导游 v. 引导 a guide to …… 的指南； tour guide 导游 This is a guide to English stories. 这是一本英语故事指南。 知识点6 In a fantasy book,the story isn’t set in the real world.It often takes place in another world and at a different time. 【词汇讲解】 (1) set v. 使处于（某地 / 某环境）； ★放置 过去式 / 过去分词：set（原形同形） 搭配：be set in （故事）以…… 为背景； set up 建立 The movie is set in a small village. 这部电影以一个小村庄为背景。 (2) real adj. 真实的 副词：really 真正地； 名词：reality 现实 real world 现实世界； real life 现实生活 (3) take place 发生；举行（无被动语态，高频考点） 单词 词义 区别 take place 发生；举行 有计划、有安排地发生 / 举办 happen 发生 偶然发生 The story takes place in a magic world.这个故事发生在魔法世界。 Great changes have taken place in our school in recent years.近年来我们学校发生了很大的变化。 知识点7 Good fantasy stories take us on exciting adventures in worlds full of magic. 【词汇讲解】 (1) magic n. 魔法 adj. 有魔力的 → magical 神奇的；有魔力的 full of magic 充满魔法； magic world 魔法世界 知识点7 Fantasy stories allow us to enjoy an imagined world and take a break from our everyday lives. 【词汇讲解】 (1) allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 My parents allow me to read storybooks. 我父母允许我读故事书。 We are not allowed to run in the hallway.我们不允许在走廊跑。 (2) imagined adj. 想象中的；虚构的 →imagine v.想象； n.imagination 想象力 imagined world 虚构的世界 It is just an imagined place. 这只是一个想象中的地方。 知识点8 He runs after it for a long time and finally dies because he’s so thirsty. 【词汇讲解】 (1) finally adv. 最后；终于 → adj.final 最终的 Finally, we finished our homework. 知识点9 I like “Jingwei Filling the Sean”.She works hard and never gives up in the face of difficult tasks. 【词汇讲解】 (1) fill v. 填满；装满 fill...with... 用…… 填满 be filled with 充满=be full of She fills the sea with stones. 她用石头填海。 (2) give up 放弃（动词短语，代词放中间） give up doing sth 放弃做某事 Never give up when you meet difficulties.遇到困难永远不要放弃。 (3) in the face of 面对（困难、危险等） He is brave in the face of danger. 他面对危险很勇敢。 (4) task n. 任务；工作 It is a difficult task. 这是一项艰巨的任务。 知识点10 The story teaches us a good lesson for life:never give up on our goals. 【词汇讲解】 (1) teach sb a good lesson 给某人一个很好的教训；启发某人 The story teaches us a good lesson. 这个故事让我们深受启发。 (2) goal n. 目标；球门 achieve one’s goal 实现目标 We should stick to our goals. 我们应该坚持自己的目标。 Everyone has different goals in life.每个人生活中都有不同的目标。 知识点11 Suddenly,her body became smaller and smaller. 【词汇讲解】 (1) suddenly adv. 突然地 → adj.sudden 突然的 Suddenly, it rained. 突然下起了雨。 (2) smaller and smaller 比较级 + and + 比较级 → 越来越…… taller and taller 越来越高； faster and faster 越来越快 知识点12 Soon Alice was small enough to go through the door,so she decided to enter the garden. 【词汇讲解】 (1) enough adv. 足够地 adj. 足够的 adj./adv. + enough enough + n. adj. + enough to do sth 足够…… 去做某事 She is old enough to go to school. 她年龄足够大，可以上学了。 (2) decide v. 决定 → decision n.决定 decide to do sth 决定做某事=make a decision to do sth I decide to read the book. 我决定读这本书。 (3) enter v. 进入 = go into He entered the classroom just now.他刚才进入了房间。 知识点13 When she walked towards the door,she found that she did not have the key. (1) towards prep. 朝；向；对着 She walked towards the window. 她朝窗户走去。 知识点14 Alice had to go back to the table,but she was too small to reach the key. 【词汇讲解】 (1) too...to 太…… 而不能…… The box is too heavy to carry. 这个箱子太重搬不动。 He is too young to go to school.他太小了不能去上学。 (2) reach v. 够到；到达 reach + 地点（直接加，不加介词） I can’t reach the book on the shelf. 我够不到书架上的书。 知识点15 She tried to climb up,but failed. (1) try to do sth 努力 / 尽力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 He tried to finish work on time. 他尽力按时完成工作。 (2) fail v. 失败；未能（做到） →failure n.失败 fail to do sth 未能做某事 He failed to pass the exam. 他考试不及格。 She tried her best but failed at last. 她尽了她最大努力，但是最后还是失败了。 基础巩固 1、 根据句意及所给的汉语提示、音标或首字母写出单词。 1.Charlie's dream of winning a golden ticket to the mysterious chocolate ______ (工厂) came true in the end.[答案：factories] 2. Can you ____________ (想象) what life will be like in the future ?[答案：imagine] 3. (2024 南京秦淮期末) _________ (突然), the rain started pouring down just after we got home.答案：suddenly 4.The g________ led us through the forest to find the hidden waterfall.答案：guide 5.(2024 无锡江阴期末) How to spend the pocket money is for you to _________ (决定), Jane.答案：decide 6.(2023 南京鼓楼期末) He looked very sad because he _________ (失败) in the English exam.答案：failed 7.The little girl felt sad because his pet dog d______ last month.答案：died 8. (2024 四川广安中考) Diana isn't sure _________ (是否) Betty will come or not.答案：if 9.I don’t think ghosts are _________ (真实的) because I never see them.答案：real 10.All the n______ in the hospital tried their best to look after the baby with great care.答案：nurses 11.John is busy ____________ (装满) the bottle with water. What is he going to do?答案：filling 12.W_________ I was sleeping, I heard the doorbell ring.答案：While 2、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. (2023 无锡二模)—Please tell us what really happened. —Oh, I __________ (not pay) attention, and I hit a parked car.答案：didn’t pay 2.I saw some children playing __________ (happy) in the garden when I passed by.答案：happily 3. The box was too heavy for the little boy__________ (lift) by myself.答案：to lift 4.She decides ___________ (become) an astronaut when she grows up.答案：to become 5.It is polite to take off your shoes before _________ (enter) the room.答案：entering 6.You'd better __________ (not fill) the bottle with hot water.Because it may burn you.答案：not fill 7.The doctor advised the many to give up _________ (smoke).答案：smoking 8. A smile costs nothing but It seems to have ______ (magical).It can make others feel warm and lively.答案：magic 9. After years of hard work, she _________ (final) made her dream come true.答案：finally 10.We were taking a walk by the river when we _______ (sudden) heard someone shouting for help.答案：suddenly 11.Lily didn’t give up practising_________ (play) the piano and finally she played very well.答案：playing 12.If you don’t work hard, you will fail _________ (pass) the exam.答案：to pass 3、 单项填空 ( C )1.(2024 扬州邗江期末)—I have to leave for Beijing right now. —What a pity! I ______ you could stay a little longer with us. A. think B. am thinking C. thought D. will think ( D )2. (2024 苏州工业园区期末)—What do you know about Chang'e 6? —China ______ it to the moon on May 3, 2024. A. sends B. is sending C. will send D. sent ( C )3. (2024 无锡惠山期末)—Look at the sign there! It ______ “No fishing”! —Sorry, I ______ notice it. A. said; don't B. said; didn't C. says; didn't D. says; don't ( B )4. —Susan, which tie shall we choose for our father, the blue one or the black one? —I think both of them are OK. You ______. A. reach B. decide C. fail D. imagine ( B )5.—Don’t you think the flat is ______ for us ______? —You’re right. Let’s take a look at a bigger one. A. big enough, to live in B. too small, to live in C. too small, living in D. big enough, living in ( A )6. I just saw Mr Smith running ______ the headmaster’s office. He must be talking to the headmaster now. A. towards B. from C. across D. below ( A )7. The song “Dream It Possible” tells us that we should always try our best and never ___ catching our dreams. A. give up B. give back C. give away D. give out ( B )8.At last ,the old man .But no one knew the reason for his . A. died;dying B. died;death C. dead;death D. die;dying ( B )9.A fireman ran quickly back to a burning building ______ danger. And at last, he saved a 3-year-old girl out of the fire. A. by the name of B. in the face of C. in the centre of D. with the support of ( D)10.—I don’t think I can learn Maths well. It’s too hard. —______ Focus all your attention on it, and I believe you can make it in the end. A. All right. B. Good idea! C. Poor you! D. Never give up. 4、 选词填空imagine task in the face of note suddenly goal reach fail 1. Thanks to your help, we finished the ________________ ahead of time.答案：task 2. Our ________________ is to plant a tree in every school in the city.答案：goal 3. ________________ danger, the brave knight stood his ground.答案：In the face of 4. The ________________ death of the pet dog made the little boy very sad.答案：sudden 5. The sunlight can ________________ the flowers through the glass, so the flowers grow well.答案：reach 6. If you miss classes, you ________________ the examination.答案：will fail 7. We find it hard ________________ what life will be like in the future without the technology.答案：to imagine 8. Taking ________________ of new ideas often will help you create new things easily.答案：notes 能力提升 5、 完形填空。 In the forest, two friends, Tony the elephant and Eric the fox, enjoy playing together. But sometimes they have different 1 . One morning, when they argue (争论), their friend Simba the lion comes over. “It’s better to be big and 2 !” Tony says. “No! Being quick and smart is more important!” Eric says. “Simba, what do you think?” Simba doesn’t 3 the question. He asks for help 4 and says, “My friends, we need 5 for tomorrow’s party in the village across the river. Could you bring some back?” “Sure,” Tony and Eric say and head there. When they come near to the 6 , Eric says, “I’m not good at 7 , and the water is running fast. It’s 8 for me to cross it!” “Don’t worry, Eric. I’ll 9 you,” Tony says. So Eric sits on Tony’s back and they soon get to the village. Tony looks at the tall apple tree and tries to get the apples 10 his trunk. But he doesn’t 11 . “Let me try to 12 them,” Eric says and climbs up the tree. Later, Eric collects a full bag of apples and then jumps on Tony’s 13 again. Together, they come back. “Thanks, my friends! Which is better, being big and strong or quick and smart?” Simba says 14 he sees Tony and Eric come back with lots of apples. “It’s not important. The important thing is to help each other and work together,” Tony says. “ 15 ! That’s what makes us a super team!” Eric says happily. The two friends look at each other and smile. 1. A. goals B. reasons C. lessons D. ideas 2. A. kind B. handsome C. strong D. healthy 3. A. answer B. hear C. learn D. post 4. A. often B. instead C. soon D. sometime 5.A. water B. trees C. fur D. apples 6. A. forest B. team C. river D. party 7. A. dancing B. swimming C. hiking D. climbing 8. A. interesting B. useful C. late D. hard 9. A. carry B. watch C. stop D. remember 10. A. for B. with C. about D. to 11. A. sing B. laugh C. succeed D. grow 12. A. pick B. eat C. buy D. draw 13. A. nose B. neck C. leg D. back 14. A. if B. but C. after D. before 15. A. Please B. Exactly C. Welcome D. Bye 答案：1-5:DCABD 6-10:CBDAB 11-15:CACCB 6、 阅读理解。 (2024 淮安一模) The pirates, the Lost Boys, the Indians and the beasts are all walking round and round the island in a circle(圆). They never catch each other because they are all walking at the same speed. At the end of the procession, there is an enormous crocodile (鳄鱼). The boys are the first to leave the circle. They disappear very quickly into their home under the ground. The entrances to their home are in seven large trees. There's one for each Lost Boy—Nibs, Slightly, Tootles, Curly, the Twins—and one for Peter Pan. Each boy enters through a hole in the trunk (枝干) of his tree. Hook does not know where their home is, but he wants to find it. Later Nibs goes out for a walk. While he is walking through the woods, the pirates see him. Starkey, the ship's mate, takes out his pistol (手枪) but Hook stops him and says, “No. I don't want to shoot one Lost Boy. I want to kill all of them. Go and look for them! I want to find their house!” The pirates disappear into the woods. Now Captain Hook and Mr Smee, the ship's bosun, are alone. Hook begins to talk about the Lost Boys. “I want Peter Pan, Smee,” he says. “Peter Pan and the crocodile made me lose my left hand.” “Oh, yes. I know that you are afraid of crocodiles,” says Smee. “I am not afraid of all crocodiles,” explains Hook quickly. “Just one crocodile. It has my hand and now it wants to eat the rest of me.” Then he sits down on a large mushroom. “Smee,” he says, “that crocodile wants to kill me, but luckily it has a clock inside it. The clock makes a noise: tick-tock, tick-tock. When I hear the tick-tock of the clock, I have time to run away before the crocodile can catch me.” ( )1. The pirates, the Lost Boys, the Indians and the beasts never catch each other because ______. A. they are each other's good friend B. they are walking round and round in a circle C. they don't want to be eaten by the crocodiles D. they are all walking at the same speed ( )2. How many Lost Boys are there on the island? A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8. ( )3. Which is the correct order of the following sentences? a. Hook asks Starkey to go and look for the Lost Boys. b. Each boy enters through a hole in the trunk of his tree. c. Peter and the crocodile made Hook lose his left hand. d. The boys leave the circle first. e. Hook sits down on a large mushroom. A. cdbae B. cebad C. dbace D. bdcae ( )4. What can we know from the passage? A. Hook likes the clock inside the crocodile. B. Hook is afraid of all crocodiles on the island. C. Hook doesn't want to kill any of the Lost Boys. D. Hook knows the crocodile coming by hearing the noise. 答案：DBCD 7、 阅读还原。 You have a lot of things you’d like to do.1. ______ How can you achieve (实现) your goals? Here are a few ideas that might help. Change your bad habits. To change a habit, try changing where you spend time. If you usually turn on the TV when you’re bored, go somewhere else instead. 2. ______ Then take one small step or task, followed by another and another.3. ______ Why? It is easy, quick, and gets you move. 4. ______ Do those choices (选择) show what’s important to you? Can you spend 10minutes a day working on a goal? For example, will you be better at football if you give up an hour of video games to practise your football skills? As the saying goes, no pain, no gain. It’s exciting to think about a result you want. But you also need some advice for getting there. 5. ______ They may help you a lot! A. Starting with a simple step often helps. B. But sometimes it’s hard to get to the finish line. C. You should spend enough time exercising every day. D. Take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time. E. Take a book to your room or ask if you can help cook in the kitchen. F. If your goal is to get good scores, don’t just wish you to get there quickly. G. You can talk with a teacher or a parent about how to work for your goals. 答案：BEADG 8、 首字母填空。 （2023 扬州期末）A young fisherman found a mermaid and wanted nothing more than to marry her, but he couldn't, for one couldn't live underwater i__1__ he had a soul. He went to his priest, but the priest told him that people w__2__ souls were lost. He tried to sell it to merchants, who told him it wasn't worth anything. He went to a witch, and she told him to c__3__ it away with a knife. After freeing the soul from his b__4__, his soul told him that the world was cruel and asked for his h__5__. The fisherman refused to give his soul his heart, because his love needed it. He sent the soul away and f__6__ his mermaid under the sea. Each year the soul came to the fisherman to tell him what he had done. Each year, he travelled in a d__7__ direction and met different people from distant cultures; each time he came with a magical object, but the fisherman valued love g__8__ than everything the soul showed him. The third year, the soul told him about a beautiful dancer. Because it was so near that he could e__9__ come back to his legless mermaid, he agreed to go with the soul to see her d__10__. Rising up from the water, he and his soul were reunited. The fisherman tried to cut away his soul again, but discovered that, once reunited, they could never again be parted. —Taken from The Fisherman and His Soul 1. if 2. without 3. cut 4. body 5. heart 6. followed 7. different 8. greater 9. easily 10. dance 9、 阅读回答问题。 (2024 南通启东期末) There was a big rose tree just inside the garden. The roses were white but three gardeners were painting them red. The gardeners were flat (扁平的) and rectangular (矩形的). They looked like playing cards. They had spades on them. One of them was the Two of spades, another the Five of spades and the third the Seven of spades. Alice felt very curious and went closer. She asked them why they were painting those roses red. “Well, Miss, we made a mistake,” Two said. “We put a white rose tree here but the Queen wanted a red rose tree.” Just at that moment, Alice and the gardeners saw a long procession. It was coming in her direction (方向). When the Queen saw Alice, she stopped and asked her name. Alice answered politely. Then the Queen asked who the three gardeners were. Alice told her that she didn't know and that she wasn't interested. The Queen didn't like Alice's answer. Her face turned red with anger. She was ready to cut Alice's head off. But Alice said loudly, “Nonsense (胡说)!” The Queen was very surprised. She didn't know what to say. “Don't worry, dear!” the King said. “She's only a child.” The Queen looked at the gardeners again. 1. Where did the story happen? In the garden. 2. Why did the gardeners paint the roses red? Because they made a mistake. 3. What was the Queen going to do when she disliked Alice's answer? She wanted to cut Alice’s head off. 4. How did the Queen feel when she heard Alice say “Nonsense”? She was very surprised. 5. What do you think of the King? He is kind. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版英语 Unit 8 Wonderland 课时2 Grammar-Further study 目标导航 核心词汇 1. n.连续剧；（书、文章等的）系列；一系列→ [复数] 2. n.工厂，制造厂→ [复数] 3. n.公司 4. adv.刚才→ 刚才[短语] 5. conj.是否 6. v.丧失，失去→ adj.丢失的 7. v.出版；发表（作品） 8. v.死亡；消失→ [过去时]→ [现在分词] 9. n.指南；导游 10. v.为...设置背景于；创立→ 创建[短语] 11. adj.真实的，实际存在的→ adv.真的 12. n.魔法；魔术；魔力→ adj.有魔力的；奇妙的 13. adj.想象的→ v.想象 14. conj.在...期间；与...同时 15. n.保姆；护士 16. adv.高兴地→ adj.高兴的→ [反义词] 17. adv.最终 18. v.使充满；填满 19. n.任务；工作 20. n.目标 21. n.便条；笔记；音符 22. adv.突然→ adj.突然的 23. v.决定→ 决定做某事[短语] 24. v.进入 25. prep.向；朝 26. v.够得着；抵达；实现；达到 27. v.失败；未能（做到）；不及格 核心短语 1. 出生 2. 放弃 3. 面对（困难等） 4. 太...而不能 重点句型 知识精讲 Grammar --Simple past tense(II) 句式结构 1. 肯定： (1) 主语+行为动词过去式+其他 She saw a rabbit passing by.她看到一只兔子经过。 (2) 主语 + was/were + 表语 He was at home yesterday.他昨天在家。 2. 否定： (1) 主语+did not+动词原形+其他 （缩写：didn't） She didn’t go to the cinema last night. (2) 主语 + was/were + not + 表语（缩写：wasn't /weren't） They weren't in the classroom just now. 3. 疑问： (1) Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ Did you finish your homework? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+did. 否定回答：No，主语+did not. (2) Was/Were + 主语 + 表语？ Were you late yesterday? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+was/were. 否定回答：No，主语+was not/were not. 关键区分 1.实义动词过去式 vs be 动词过去式 • 有实义动词：否定 / 疑问用 did，动词变回原形 • 无实义动词（名词 / 形容词 / 地点作表语）：否定 / 疑问直接用 was/were 考点 2：过去时与频度副词连用 过去经常做的动作，可用 often, usually, always + 动词过去式 例：She often walked to school last term. 上学期她常步行上学。 考点 3：并列句中时态一致 两个先后发生的过去动作，前后都用过去式 例：He opened the door and went out. 他打开门走了出去。 考点 4：一般过去时 + 时间状语从句 常用连词 when, before, after，主从句统一用过去式 例：I watched TV after I finished my homework. 语言知识点梳理 知识点1 Simon,did you know that Roald Dahl wrote Charlie and the Chocolate Factory? (1) factory n. 工厂 → 复数：factories chocolate factory 巧克力工厂 car factory 汽车工厂 There is a big chocolate factory near my home. 我家附近有一家大型巧克力工厂。 知识点2 When he was young,a chocolate company asked the children at his school to try some new chocolate. company n. 公司；陪伴 →复数：companies a big company 大公司；keep sb company 陪伴某人 知识点3 They tasted the chocolate and said if they like it or not. if conj. 是否；如果 if...or not 是否； if possible 如果可能 易混辨析： 单词 含义 区别 if 是否 引导宾语从句，可与 whether 互换，常搭配 if...or not 如果 引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现 I don’t know if he will come.（是否） 我不知道他是否会来。 If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果） 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。 知识点4 Was born in the UK;Lost his sister and father;Published Charlie and the Chocolate Factory;Died 【词汇讲解】 (1) be born 出生 be born in + 地点 / 年份； be born on + 具体日期 He was born in 1916. 他出生于 1916 年。 (2) lose v. 失去；丢失 【过去式 / 过去分词：lost；现在分词：losing；名词：loss 损失】 lose one’s family 失去亲人； lose a key 丢钥匙； lose heart 灰心 lose one’s way 迷糊 (3) publish v. 出版；发行 publish a book 出版一本书 publisher n.出版商 publishing house 出版社 The writer published his new story last year. 这位作家去年出版了他的新故事。 (4) die v. 死亡 die of/from 死于……； die out 灭绝 His grandfather died ten years ago. 他的祖父十年前去世了。 词性拓展： 过去式 / 过去分词：died； 现在分词：dying 形容词：dead 死的； dying 垂死的 名词：death 死亡 His death made us very sad.他的死亡使我们非常难过。 知识点5 A guide to fantasy 【词汇讲解】 (1) guide n. 指南；导游 v. 引导 a guide to …… 的指南； tour guide 导游 This is a guide to English stories. 这是一本英语故事指南。 知识点6 In a fantasy book,the story isn’t set in the real world.It often takes place in another world and at a different time. 【词汇讲解】 (1) set v. 使处于（某地 / 某环境）； ★放置 过去式 / 过去分词：set（原形同形） 搭配：be set in （故事）以…… 为背景； set up 建立 The movie is set in a small village. 这部电影以一个小村庄为背景。 (2) real adj. 真实的 副词：really 真正地； 名词：reality 现实 real world 现实世界； real life 现实生活 (3) take place 发生；举行（无被动语态，高频考点） 单词 词义 区别 take place 发生；举行 有计划、有安排地发生 / 举办 happen 发生 偶然发生 The story takes place in a magic world.这个故事发生在魔法世界。 Great changes have taken place in our school in recent years.近年来我们学校发生了很大的变化。 知识点7 Good fantasy stories take us on exciting adventures in worlds full of magic. 【词汇讲解】 (1) magic n. 魔法 adj. 有魔力的 → magical 神奇的；有魔力的 full of magic 充满魔法； magic world 魔法世界 知识点7 Fantasy stories allow us to enjoy an imagined world and take a break from our everyday lives. 【词汇讲解】 (1) allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 My parents allow me to read storybooks. 我父母允许我读故事书。 We are not allowed to run in the hallway.我们不允许在走廊跑。 (2) imagined adj. 想象中的；虚构的 →imagine v.想象； n.imagination 想象力 imagined world 虚构的世界 It is just an imagined place. 这只是一个想象中的地方。 知识点8 He runs after it for a long time and finally dies because he’s so thirsty. 【词汇讲解】 (1) finally adv. 最后；终于 → adj.final 最终的 Finally, we finished our homework. 知识点9 I like “Jingwei Filling the Sean”.She works hard and never gives up in the face of difficult tasks. 【词汇讲解】 (1) fill v. 填满；装满 fill...with... 用…… 填满 be filled with 充满=be full of She fills the sea with stones. 她用石头填海。 (2) give up 放弃（动词短语，代词放中间） give up doing sth 放弃做某事 Never give up when you meet difficulties.遇到困难永远不要放弃。 (3) in the face of 面对（困难、危险等） He is brave in the face of danger. 他面对危险很勇敢。 (4) task n. 任务；工作 It is a difficult task. 这是一项艰巨的任务。 知识点10 The story teaches us a good lesson for life:never give up on our goals. 【词汇讲解】 (1) teach sb a good lesson 给某人一个很好的教训；启发某人 The story teaches us a good lesson. 这个故事让我们深受启发。 (2) goal n. 目标；球门 achieve one’s goal 实现目标 We should stick to our goals. 我们应该坚持自己的目标。 Everyone has different goals in life.每个人生活中都有不同的目标。 知识点11 Suddenly,her body became smaller and smaller. 【词汇讲解】 (1) suddenly adv. 突然地 → adj.sudden 突然的 Suddenly, it rained. 突然下起了雨。 (2) smaller and smaller 比较级 + and + 比较级 → 越来越…… taller and taller 越来越高； faster and faster 越来越快 知识点12 Soon Alice was small enough to go through the door,so she decided to enter the garden. 【词汇讲解】 (1) enough adv. 足够地 adj. 足够的 adj./adv. + enough enough + n. adj. + enough to do sth 足够…… 去做某事 She is old enough to go to school. 她年龄足够大，可以上学了。 (2) decide v. 决定 → decision n.决定 decide to do sth 决定做某事=make a decision to do sth I decide to read the book. 我决定读这本书。 (3) enter v. 进入 = go into He entered the classroom just now.他刚才进入了房间。 知识点13 When she walked towards the door,she found that she did not have the key. (1) towards prep. 朝；向；对着 She walked towards the window. 她朝窗户走去。 知识点14 Alice had to go back to the table,but she was too small to reach the key. 【词汇讲解】 (1) too...to 太…… 而不能…… The box is too heavy to carry. 这个箱子太重搬不动。 He is too young to go to school.他太小了不能去上学。 (2) reach v. 够到；到达 reach + 地点（直接加，不加介词） I can’t reach the book on the shelf. 我够不到书架上的书。 知识点15 She tried to climb up,but failed. (1) try to do sth 努力 / 尽力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 He tried to finish work on time. 他尽力按时完成工作。 (2) fail v. 失败；未能（做到） →failure n.失败 fail to do sth 未能做某事 He failed to pass the exam. 他考试不及格。 She tried her best but failed at last. 她尽了她最大努力，但是最后还是失败了。 基础巩固 1、 根据句意及所给的汉语提示、音标或首字母写出单词。 1.Charlie's dream of winning a golden ticket to the mysterious chocolate ______ (工厂) came true in the end. 2. Can you ____________ (想象) what life will be like in the future ? 3. (2024 南京秦淮期末) _________ (突然), the rain started pouring down just after we got home. 4.The g________ led us through the forest to find the hidden waterfall. 5.(2024 无锡江阴期末) How to spend the pocket money is for you to _________ (决定), Jane. 6.(2023 南京鼓楼期末) He looked very sad because he _________ (失败) in the English exam. 7.The little girl felt sad because his pet dog d______ last month. 8. (2024 四川广安中考) Diana isn't sure _________ (是否) Betty will come or not. 9.I don’t think ghosts are _________ (真实的) because I never see them. 10.All the n______ in the hospital tried their best to look after the baby with great care. 11.John is busy ____________ (装满) the bottle with water. What is he going to do? 12.W_________ I was sleeping, I heard the doorbell ring. 2、 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. (2023 无锡二模)—Please tell us what really happened. —Oh, I __________ (not pay) attention, and I hit a parked car. 2.I saw some children playing __________ (happy) in the garden when I passed by. 3. The box was too heavy for the little boy__________ (lift) by myself. 4.She decides ___________ (become) an astronaut when she grows up. 5.It is polite to take off your shoes before _________ (enter) the room. 6.You'd better __________ (not fill) the bottle with hot water.Because it may burn you. 7.The doctor advised the many to give up _________ (smoke). 8. A smile costs nothing but It seems to have _________ (magical).It can make others feel warm and lively. 9. After years of hard work, she _________ (final) made her dream come true. 10.We were taking a walk by the river when we _________ (sudden) heard someone shouting for help. 11.Lily didn’t give up practising_________ (play) the piano and finally she played very well. 12.If you don’t work hard, you will fail _________ (pass) the exam. 3、 单项填空 ( )1.(2024 扬州邗江期末)—I have to leave for Beijing right now. —What a pity! I ______ you could stay a little longer with us. A. think B. am thinking C. thought D. will think ( )2. (2024 苏州工业园区期末)—What do you know about Chang'e 6? —China ______ it to the moon on May 3, 2024. A. sends B. is sending C. will send D. sent ( )3. (2024 无锡惠山期末)—Look at the sign there! It ______ “No fishing”! —Sorry, I ______ notice it. A. said; don't B. said; didn't C. says; didn't D. says; don't ( )4. —Susan, which tie shall we choose for our father, the blue one or the black one? —I think both of them are OK. You ______. A. reach B. decide C. fail D. imagine ( )5.—Don’t you think the flat is ______ for us ______? —You’re right. Let’s take a look at a bigger one. A. big enough, to live in B. too small, to live in C. too small, living in D. big enough, living in ( )6. I just saw Mr Smith running ______ the headmaster’s office. He must be talking to the headmaster now. A. towards B. from C. across D. below ( )7. The song “Dream It Possible” tells us that we should always try our best and never ___ catching our dreams. A. give up B. give back C. give away D. give out ( )8.At last ,the old man .But no one knew the reason for his . A. died;dying B. died;death C. dead;death D. die;dying ( )9.A fireman ran quickly back to a burning building ______ danger. And at last, he saved a 3-year-old girl out of the fire. A. by the name of B. in the face of C. in the centre of D. with the support of ( )10.—I don’t think I can learn Maths well. It’s too hard. —______ Focus all your attention on it, and I believe you can make it in the end. A. All right. B. Good idea! C. Poor you! D. Never give up. 4、 选词填空imagine task in the face of note suddenly goal reach fail 1. Thanks to your help, we finished the ________________ ahead of time. 2. Our ________________ is to plant a tree in every school in the city. 3. ________________ danger, the brave knight stood his ground. 4. The ________________ death of the pet dog made the little boy very sad. 5. The sunlight can ________________ the flowers through the glass, so the flowers grow well. 6. If you miss classes, you ________________ the examination. 7. We find it hard ________________ what life will be like in the future without the technology. 8. Taking ________________ of new ideas often will help you create new things easily. 能力提升 5、 完形填空。 In the forest, two friends, Tony the elephant and Eric the fox, enjoy playing together. But sometimes they have different 1 . One morning, when they argue (争论), their friend Simba the lion comes over. “It’s better to be big and 2 !” Tony says. “No! Being quick and smart is more important!” Eric says. “Simba, what do you think?” Simba doesn’t 3 the question. He asks for help 4 and says, “My friends, we need 5 for tomorrow’s party in the village across the river. Could you bring some back?” “Sure,” Tony and Eric say and head there. When they come near to the 6 , Eric says, “I’m not good at 7 , and the water is running fast. It’s 8 for me to cross it!” “Don’t worry, Eric. I’ll 9 you,” Tony says. So Eric sits on Tony’s back and they soon get to the village. Tony looks at the tall apple tree and tries to get the apples 10 his trunk. But he doesn’t 11 . “Let me try to 12 them,” Eric says and climbs up the tree. Later, Eric collects a full bag of apples and then jumps on Tony’s 13 again. Together, they come back. “Thanks, my friends! Which is better, being big and strong or quick and smart?” Simba says 14 he sees Tony and Eric come back with lots of apples. “It’s not important. The important thing is to help each other and work together,” Tony says. “ 15 ! That’s what makes us a super team!” Eric says happily. The two friends look at each other and smile. 1. A. goals B. reasons C. lessons D. ideas 2. A. kind B. handsome C. strong D. healthy 3. A. answer B. hear C. learn D. post 4. A. often B. instead C. soon D. sometime 5.A. water B. trees C. fur D. apples 6. A. forest B. team C. river D. party 7. A. dancing B. swimming C. hiking D. climbing 8. A. interesting B. useful C. late D. hard 9. A. carry B. watch C. stop D. remember 10. A. for B. with C. about D. to 11. A. sing B. laugh C. succeed D. grow 12. A. pick B. eat C. buy D. draw 13. A. nose B. neck C. leg D. back 14. A. if B. but C. after D. before 15. A. Please B. Exactly C. Welcome D. Bye 6、 阅读理解。 (2024 淮安一模) The pirates, the Lost Boys, the Indians and the beasts are all walking round and round the island in a circle(圆). They never catch each other because they are all walking at the same speed. At the end of the procession, there is an enormous crocodile (鳄鱼). The boys are the first to leave the circle. They disappear very quickly into their home under the ground. The entrances to their home are in seven large trees. There's one for each Lost Boy—Nibs, Slightly, Tootles, Curly, the Twins—and one for Peter Pan. Each boy enters through a hole in the trunk (枝干) of his tree. Hook does not know where their home is, but he wants to find it. Later Nibs goes out for a walk. While he is walking through the woods, the pirates see him. Starkey, the ship's mate, takes out his pistol (手枪) but Hook stops him and says, “No. I don't want to shoot one Lost Boy. I want to kill all of them. Go and look for them! I want to find their house!” The pirates disappear into the woods. Now Captain Hook and Mr Smee, the ship's bosun, are alone. Hook begins to talk about the Lost Boys. “I want Peter Pan, Smee,” he says. “Peter Pan and the crocodile made me lose my left hand.” “Oh, yes. I know that you are afraid of crocodiles,” says Smee. “I am not afraid of all crocodiles,” explains Hook quickly. “Just one crocodile. It has my hand and now it wants to eat the rest of me.” Then he sits down on a large mushroom. “Smee,” he says, “that crocodile wants to kill me, but luckily it has a clock inside it. The clock makes a noise: tick-tock, tick-tock. When I hear the tick-tock of the clock, I have time to run away before the crocodile can catch me.” ( )1. The pirates, the Lost Boys, the Indians and the beasts never catch each other because ______. A. they are each other's good friend B. they are walking round and round in a circle C. they don't want to be eaten by the crocodiles D. they are all walking at the same speed ( )2. How many Lost Boys are there on the island? A. 5. B. 6. C. 7. D. 8. ( )3. Which is the correct order of the following sentences? a. Hook asks Starkey to go and look for the Lost Boys. b. Each boy enters through a hole in the trunk of his tree. c. Peter and the crocodile made Hook lose his left hand. d. The boys leave the circle first. e. Hook sits down on a large mushroom. A. cdbae B. cebad C. dbace D. bdcae ( )4. What can we know from the passage? A. Hook likes the clock inside the crocodile. B. Hook is afraid of all crocodiles on the island. C. Hook doesn't want to kill any of the Lost Boys. D. Hook knows the crocodile coming by hearing the noise. 7、 阅读还原。 You have a lot of things you’d like to do.1. ______ How can you achieve (实现) your goals? Here are a few ideas that might help. Change your bad habits. To change a habit, try changing where you spend time. If you usually turn on the TV when you’re bored, go somewhere else instead. 2. ______ Then take one small step or task, followed by another and another.3. ______ Why? It is easy, quick, and gets you move. 4. ______ Do those choices (选择) show what’s important to you? Can you spend 10minutes a day working on a goal? For example, will you be better at football if you give up an hour of video games to practise your football skills? As the saying goes, no pain, no gain. It’s exciting to think about a result you want. But you also need some advice for getting there. 5. ______ They may help you a lot! A. Starting with a simple step often helps. B. But sometimes it’s hard to get to the finish line. C. You should spend enough time exercising every day. D. Take a look at the choices you make about how you spend time. E. Take a book to your room or ask if you can help cook in the kitchen. F. If your goal is to get good scores, don’t just wish you to get there quickly. G. You can talk with a teacher or a parent about how to work for your goals. 8、 首字母填空。 （2023 扬州期末）A young fisherman found a mermaid and wanted nothing more than to marry her, but he couldn't, for one couldn't live underwater i__1__ he had a soul. He went to his priest, but the priest told him that people w__2__ souls were lost. He tried to sell it to merchants, who told him it wasn't worth anything. He went to a witch, and she told him to c__3__ it away with a knife. After freeing the soul from his b__4__, his soul told him that the world was cruel and asked for his h__5__. The fisherman refused to give his soul his heart, because his love needed it. He sent the soul away and f__6__ his mermaid under the sea. Each year the soul came to the fisherman to tell him what he had done. Each year, he travelled in a d__7__ direction and met different people from distant cultures; each time he came with a magical object, but the fisherman valued love g__8__ than everything the soul showed him. The third year, the soul told him about a beautiful dancer. Because it was so near that he could e__9__ come back to his legless mermaid, he agreed to go with the soul to see her d__10__. Rising up from the water, he and his soul were reunited. The fisherman tried to cut away his soul again, but discovered that, once reunited, they could never again be parted. —Taken from The Fisherman and His Soul 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 9、 阅读回答问题。 (2024 南通启东期末) There was a big rose tree just inside the garden. The roses were white but three gardeners were painting them red. The gardeners were flat (扁平的) and rectangular (矩形的). They looked like playing cards. They had spades on them. One of them was the Two of spades, another the Five of spades and the third the Seven of spades. Alice felt very curious and went closer. She asked them why they were painting those roses red. “Well, Miss, we made a mistake,” Two said. “We put a white rose tree here but the Queen wanted a red rose tree.” Just at that moment, Alice and the gardeners saw a long procession. It was coming in her direction (方向). When the Queen saw Alice, she stopped and asked her name. Alice answered politely. Then the Queen asked who the three gardeners were. Alice told her that she didn't know and that she wasn't interested. The Queen didn't like Alice's answer. Her face turned red with anger. She was ready to cut Alice's head off. But Alice said loudly, “Nonsense (胡说)!” The Queen was very surprised. She didn't know what to say. “Don't worry, dear!” the King said. “She's only a child.” The Queen looked at the gardeners again. 1. Where did the story happen? 2. Why did the gardeners paint the roses red? 3. What was the Queen going to do when she disliked Alice's answer? 4. How did the Queen feel when she heard Alice say “Nonsense”? 5. What do you think of the King? 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $