暑假作业02 阅读理解（记叙文）（巩固培优）高二英语人教版

**基本信息** 基于5W1H线索与三段式框架，构建“定位-排除-校验”解题体系，系统覆盖记叙文阅读核心考法，提升语言理解与逻辑推断能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考情与命题规律|/|解题五步法（梳理框架→定位关键词→提取线索→排除错项→主旨校验）；错误选项三特征（无中生有、偷换概念、无关干扰）|文本构造（事件+情感线+哲理）→设题逻辑（绑定5W1H要素）→解题方法（定位句研读+分层排除）| |模拟训练|3篇|5W1H定位原则（题干关键词匹配原文定位句及前后句）|单事件叙事→情感变化（平静→问题→升华）→文末哲理，形成“文本-考点-解法”对应链| |真题演练|4篇（2024-2026年高考真题）|结合主旨复盘校验法|三段式框架（引入-转折-升华）与考向预测（体裁/结构/题型稳定）呼应，强化方法迁移性|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业02阅读理解（记叙文） 历年考情 · 题型定位：阅读理解 B 篇，记叙文，性价比高，难度适中、分值固定，考生高频失分板块 · 体裁相对固定：2021-2025 新高考 I 卷真题，文本统一为记叙文体裁 · 文本框架固定：单事件叙事，配套完整情感线索，文末蕴含人生道理 命题规律 （一）文本构造规律 1. 核心构成：一件完整事件 + 递进情感线 + 文末哲理启示 2. 叙事框架：标准三段式 3. 开头：人物背景引入；中段：矛盾、行动转折；结尾：感悟升华 4. 情感脉络：平静日常→遭遇问题 / 主动尝试→感悟升华 5. 行文线索：全程依托 5W1H（Who/When/Where/What/How/Why）串联全文 （二）设题逻辑规律 1. 设题绑定 5W1H 要素，题型对应固定考点 · 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 · Who：全篇核心围绕主人公设题 · What+How：细节理解题 · Why：因果细节题 · Feel 情感变化：推理、作者态度题 · Lesson 文末启示：主旨大意题 2. 3. 解题五步法：通读梳理框架→拆题干圈关键词定位→原文定位提取线索→排除错项→结合主旨复盘校验 4. 错误选项三类固定特征：无中生有、偷换概念、无关信息干扰 5. 定位原则：题干关键词匹配原文定位句，仅重点研读定位句及前后一句，无需通篇精读 考向预测 1. 体裁不变：持续以记叙文作为 B 篇固定文本类型 2. 叙事结构不变：保留三段式叙事 + 情感递进 + 文末哲理的经典模式，5W1H 仍是核心行文线索 3. 题型配比稳定：细节题为主，搭配态度推理、主旨题，考点严格对应人物、事件、情感、主旨四大维度 4. 干扰选项套路不变：仍以无中生有、偷换概念、无关内容为主要错项设置方式 5. 解题逻辑通用：5W1H 定位 + 分层排除 + 主旨复盘的解题思路可适配后续B 篇记叙文考题 Passage 1 I had been confined to a wheelchair for eight years due to muscular dystrophy. Honestly, I thought I would never walk by myself again. I kept searching for something that could help me stand, but the devices available in Argentina were mostly designed for sports, not for people like me who had lost the basic ability to move their legs. Then came the Canton Fair this April, where my friend Clara and I wanted to find some beauty products initially. When we passed by the service robot zone, a booth with exoskeleton (外骨骼装置) devices caught our eye. I waited in line for half an hour, my heart full of expectation and doubt. A staff member from Hangzhou Taixi Technology helped me into a lightweight belt-like device weighing just 1.8 kilograms. At first, I was nervous and held tightly onto my companion’s arm. But within minutes, something miraculous happened — I stood up. With the exoskeleton’s gentle support, I took a few steps, completely on my own. Every step I take feels tailor-made for me, comfortable and effortless, without to set anything. My friend broke down in tears beside me, covering her face with both hands. I was overwhelmed too. For eight years, an electric wheelchair had been my only “feet”. In that moment, I felt truly independent for the first time. I hugged the staff tightly and could barely speak. Later, when the company invited us to Hangzhou to try upgraded models, we went without hesitation. Walking along the West Lake in traditional Chinese outfits, the rain wetting my face, I looked at my legs and said to myself, “Finally, my legs feel strong again.” I even joked, “I feel like Iron Woman!” Before we left, the company gifted me my very own exoskeleton, specially adjusted so the left side provided extra support for my weaker leg. Back home in Argentina, I even appeared on our national television. Now I hope to introduce this incredible Chinese technology to my country so that more people can experience the freedom of walking again. The device is priced at just $1,200, making it truly accessible — technology with heart, changing real lives. Those four steps I took at the Canton Fair were not just steps. They were a chance at life. 1．What can we know about the exoskeleton devices? A．It is initially designed for sports. B．It has been widely used in Argentina. C．It can only cure people with wheelchairs. D．It meets users’ habits automatically. 2．What does the author imply by calling herself “Iron Woman”? A．She felt physically invincible and super strong. B．She was describing the material of the exoskeleton. C．It reflected her newfound strength and empowerment. D．It expressed her desire to become a superhero in public. 3．What can we infer from the company? A．It was invited by the national television in Argentina. B．It was committed to helping individuals regain mobility. C．It planned to recruit her as a spokesperson for their products. D．It wanted to test the device’s performance in a foreign country. 4．What message does the passage convey? A．Where there is a will, there is a way. B．Every journey begins with a single step. C．True technology is designed for humanity. D．International fairs are vital for life changes. Passage 2 I had no idea it was possible to sweat so heavily without engaging in any physical activity. I wasn’t standing at the open door of a plane thousands of feet in the air, ready to jump out into the wild, blue sky. Rather, I was simply sitting on my bed, wearing my most comfortable clothes, and waiting to hit the “Enter classroom” button on my computer. I had signed up for an online language lesson with a Portuguese language tutor. For the past few months, I had been studying the language and I knew video chat was the next best option. As I clicked the button, a friendly face popped up on the screen in front of me. At that moment, my mind froze. Feeling my nervousness, my tutor said something I still remember today, “Learning a new language is like showing your weakness to the world. It can be uncomfortable.” The ice was officially broken. As I’ve progressed along on my language journey, I often think back to her insight. She is right. We take as a given the power to express ourselves freely, and when that power is taken away, we are brought to a place of weakness. Yet if we keep pushing forward despite this weakness, we will unlock a wealth of valuable gains. My three-year-old son has big feelings but has insufficient vocabulary to properly express himself. When I started learning Portuguese, I realized how difficult it must be for him to be understood in the adult world around him. I’m a better parent now. When my husband and I finally visited Portugal and ordered food in Portuguese at a small shop, the server thanked us for taking time to learn their language. Learning Portuguese taught me that attempting to learn someone else’s language shows respect not only for their homeland but for the people themselves. Taking on the challenge of Portuguese has also awakened a fire within me. If you had told me a year ago that I would be taking a writing course, competing in competitions at my gym, or learning about car maintenance, I truly wouldn’t have believed it. Now I deeply believe that challenging yourself can be rewarding in ways you will never know unless you attempt it. 5．What was the author doing in Paragraph 1? A．Working out at home. B．Taking an entrance exam. C．Preparing herself for a class. D．Signing up for a language club. 6．Hearing the tutor’s words, the author felt ________. A．shocked B．defensive C．concerned D．relieved 7．After learning Portuguese, the author ________. A．showed competitive advantages B．started to try Portuguese cuisine C．developed a passion for travelling D．became an understanding mother 8．What can we learn from the passage? A．It is never too late to learn something new. B．Taking on challenges may bring perfection. C．Leaving the comfort zone offers new visions of life. D．Language learning helps clear up misunderstandings. Passage 3 My small backyard had been neglected for years with overgrown weeds and dry soil. Last summer, I determined to transform it: I bought seeds, soil, and basic tools, eager to start my gardening project. The first few weeks were disheartening. The seeds either failed to grow or were eaten by birds. I watered tirelessly every day, adjusted sunlight, and tended to them constantly, yet nothing grew. I was ready to quit, convinced I had no talent for gardening. One afternoon, my neighbor Mr. Henderson, who tended his roses daily, watched me and said gently: “You’re trying too hard. Plants need care, but also space to grow on their own.” His words made sense. I relaxed: watered less often, let rain do its part, and stopped overthinking. Soon, tiny green buds emerged. By August, my backyard bloomed with color and scent; I’d sit there evenings, tasting tea, amazed by their beauty. Then a storm hit — strong winds knocked over my sunflowers. Heartbroken, I planned to pull them up, but Mr. Henderson appeared again: “Don’t give up. The strongest plants survive storms — they’ll heal if you give them a chance.” Weeks later, those sunflowers stood taller and stronger, their golden heads turning to the sun. I realized gardening wasn’t just about growing plants. All things have their own rhythm of recovery; what we struggle to control often fails, while what we gently trust finds its way back to light. The world does not always bend to our hurry, and neither do the things we care for. Some winds are meant to strengthen us, not break us. This summer, I’ll plant more seeds, both in the garden and in my heart. Growth takes time, and even life’s hardest moments are our greatest teachers. 9．Why does the author think she has no talent for gardening? A．She didn’t know how to use tools. B．She worked hard caring plants but in vain. C．She didn’t have a good taste for plants. D．She was slow in learning plant knowledge. 10．How did the author respond to Mr. Henderson’s advice? A．Let nature take its course. B．Stop watering the seeds. C．Ask him to look after her garden. D．Learn to enjoy the garden’s beauty. 11．Why are the sunflowers mentioned in the text? A．To present the risks of gardening. B．To highlight the delicacy of young plants. C．To illustrate the cruelty of natural disasters. D．To show the strength and energy of plants. 12．What can be inferred about the author? A．She never gives up when things get difficult. B．She believes success comes from effort and luck. C．She considers gardening the top priority in her life. D．She reshapes her gardening mindset in light of experiences. Passage 1 （2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.” “Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.” 1．Who does Ho teach at LPCH? A．Sick children. B．Young nurses. C．Medical students. D．Patients’ parents. 2．What is a characteristic of Ho’s job? A．Prioritizing academics. B．Encouraging innovation. C．Treating various diseases. D．Playing multiple roles. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4? A．Offering regular lessons. B．Paying extra attention. C．Assigning no schoolwork. D．Showing no sympathy. 4．How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good? A．It eases peer pressure. B．It helps them live in hope. C．It frees them from aches. D．It entertains them with stories. Passage 2 （2024·浙江·高考真题）When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”. As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection. For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books! If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 5．What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A．The play. B．The shared house. C．The sofa. D．The telephone box. 6．Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006? A．To place an urgent call. B．To put up a notice. C．To shelter from the rain. D．To hold an audition. 7．What do we know about the “mini community library”? A．It provides phone service for free. B．Anyone can contribute to its collection. C．It is popular among young readers. D．Books must be returned within a month. 8．Why did the author start to use the “library”? A．He wanted to borrow some love stories. B．He was encouraged by a close neighbour. C．He found there were excellent free books. D．He thought it was an ideal place for reading. Passage 3 （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. 9．Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1? A．Ninth graders. B．Students’ parents. C．Modern writers. D．Fictional characters. 10．Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A．They were not given enough time. B．They had a very limited vocabulary. C．They misunderstood the question. D．They had little interest in the topic. 11．What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Mixed. B．Amazing. C．Similar. D．Disturbing. 12．What does the author’s experience show? A．Teaching is learning. B．Still waters run deep. C．Knowledge is power. D．Practice makes perfect. Passage 1 （2026·浙江·高考真题）When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 1．What poses a challenge to teachers according to the author? A．Students’ misunderstandings about teachers. B．Students’ false assumptions about learning. C．The irrelevance of textbooks to students’ life. D．The gap between teachers’ and students’ hobbies. 2．Why does the author bring tires into the classroom? A．To teach an engineering skill. B．To explain the structure of a car. C．To share a real-life experience. D．To illustrate a scientific concept. 3．What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A．A higher class attendance rate. B．Better examination results. C．A closer teacher-student bond. D．More spare time for students. 4．Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A．Innovative. B．Humorous. C．Decisive. D．Sympathetic. $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业02阅读理解（记叙文） 历年考情 · 题型定位：阅读理解 B 篇，记叙文，性价比高，难度适中、分值固定，考生高频失分板块 · 体裁相对固定：2021-2025 新高考 I 卷真题，文本统一为记叙文体裁 · 文本框架固定：单事件叙事，配套完整情感线索，文末蕴含人生道理 命题规律 （一）文本构造规律 1. 核心构成：一件完整事件 + 递进情感线 + 文末哲理启示 2. 叙事框架：标准三段式 3. 开头：人物背景引入；中段：矛盾、行动转折；结尾：感悟升华 4. 情感脉络：平静日常→遭遇问题 / 主动尝试→感悟升华 5. 行文线索：全程依托 5W1H（Who/When/Where/What/How/Why）串联全文 （二）设题逻辑规律 1. 设题绑定 5W1H 要素，题型对应固定考点 · 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 · Who：全篇核心围绕主人公设题 · What+How：细节理解题 · Why：因果细节题 · Feel 情感变化：推理、作者态度题 · Lesson 文末启示：主旨大意题 2. 3. 解题五步法：通读梳理框架→拆题干圈关键词定位→原文定位提取线索→排除错项→结合主旨复盘校验 4. 错误选项三类固定特征：无中生有、偷换概念、无关信息干扰 5. 定位原则：题干关键词匹配原文定位句，仅重点研读定位句及前后一句，无需通篇精读 考向预测 1. 体裁不变：持续以记叙文作为 B 篇固定文本类型 2. 叙事结构不变：保留三段式叙事 + 情感递进 + 文末哲理的经典模式，5W1H 仍是核心行文线索 3. 题型配比稳定：细节题为主，搭配态度推理、主旨题，考点严格对应人物、事件、情感、主旨四大维度 4. 干扰选项套路不变：仍以无中生有、偷换概念、无关内容为主要错项设置方式 5. 解题逻辑通用：5W1H 定位 + 分层排除 + 主旨复盘的解题思路可适配后续B 篇记叙文考题 Passage 1 I had been confined to a wheelchair for eight years due to muscular dystrophy. Honestly, I thought I would never walk by myself again. I kept searching for something that could help me stand, but the devices available in Argentina were mostly designed for sports, not for people like me who had lost the basic ability to move their legs. Then came the Canton Fair this April, where my friend Clara and I wanted to find some beauty products initially. When we passed by the service robot zone, a booth with exoskeleton (外骨骼装置) devices caught our eye. I waited in line for half an hour, my heart full of expectation and doubt. A staff member from Hangzhou Taixi Technology helped me into a lightweight belt-like device weighing just 1.8 kilograms. At first, I was nervous and held tightly onto my companion’s arm. But within minutes, something miraculous happened — I stood up. With the exoskeleton’s gentle support, I took a few steps, completely on my own. Every step I take feels tailor-made for me, comfortable and effortless, without to set anything. My friend broke down in tears beside me, covering her face with both hands. I was overwhelmed too. For eight years, an electric wheelchair had been my only “feet”. In that moment, I felt truly independent for the first time. I hugged the staff tightly and could barely speak. Later, when the company invited us to Hangzhou to try upgraded models, we went without hesitation. Walking along the West Lake in traditional Chinese outfits, the rain wetting my face, I looked at my legs and said to myself, “Finally, my legs feel strong again.” I even joked, “I feel like Iron Woman!” Before we left, the company gifted me my very own exoskeleton, specially adjusted so the left side provided extra support for my weaker leg. Back home in Argentina, I even appeared on our national television. Now I hope to introduce this incredible Chinese technology to my country so that more people can experience the freedom of walking again. The device is priced at just $1,200, making it truly accessible — technology with heart, changing real lives. Those four steps I took at the Canton Fair were not just steps. They were a chance at life. 1．What can we know about the exoskeleton devices? A．It is initially designed for sports. B．It has been widely used in Argentina. C．It can only cure people with wheelchairs. D．It meets users’ habits automatically. 2．What does the author imply by calling herself “Iron Woman”? A．She felt physically invincible and super strong. B．She was describing the material of the exoskeleton. C．It reflected her newfound strength and empowerment. D．It expressed her desire to become a superhero in public. 3．What can we infer from the company? A．It was invited by the national television in Argentina. B．It was committed to helping individuals regain mobility. C．It planned to recruit her as a spokesperson for their products. D．It wanted to test the device’s performance in a foreign country. 4．What message does the passage convey? A．Where there is a will, there is a way. B．Every journey begins with a single step. C．True technology is designed for humanity. D．International fairs are vital for life changes. 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章讲述了一位因肌肉萎缩症坐轮椅八年的阿根廷女性，在广交会上意外体验到中国的外骨骼技术后，重新站立行走并重获独立的故事。 【解析】1．推理判断题。根据第二段中“With the exoskeleton’s gentle support, I took a few steps, completely on my own. Every step I take feels tailor-made for me, comfortable and effortless, without to set anything. (在外骨骼的温和支撑下，我迈出了几步，完全是依靠自己的力量完成的。我每走一步都感觉都是为我量身定制的，既舒适又轻松，无需进行任何设置。)”可推知，外骨骼设备能自动适应用户的习惯。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“I looked at my legs and said to myself, “Finally, my legs feel strong again.” I even joked, “I feel like Iron Woman!” (我看着自己的双腿，对自己说：“终于，我的腿又感到有力了。”我甚至开玩笑说：“我感觉自己像钢铁侠！”)”可知，此处是比喻手法，作者自称“钢铁侠”是在强调她在设备辅助下重获行走能力时的强大感和自我掌控感，反映了她新获得的力量和自主能力。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“A staff member from Hangzhou Taixi Technology helped me into a lightweight belt-like device weighing just 1.8 kilograms. (一位来自杭州太希科技公司的工作人员帮我穿上了一个轻便的、类似腰带的装置，该装置重仅1.8千克。)”、第三段中“Later, when the company invited us to Hangzhou to try upgraded models, we went without hesitation. (后来，公司邀请我们去杭州试用升级版产品，我们毫不犹豫地就去了。)”和第四段中“Before we left, the company gifted me my very own exoskeleton, specially adjusted so the left side provided extra support for my weaker leg. (在我们离开之前，公司送给我一台专属的外骨骼装备，它经过了特别的调整，使得左侧能够为我那较为虚弱的腿提供额外的支撑。)”可知，该公司在现场帮助作者体验设备，邀请她去杭州体验升级版产品，并赠送了她一台专门调整过的外骨骼装备，这些行动体现了公司致力于帮助个人重获行动能力。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“But within minutes, something miraculous happened — I stood up. (但就在几分钟之内，奇迹发生了——我站了起来。)”、第四段中“Before we left, the company gifted me my very own exoskeleton, specially adjusted so the left side provided extra support for my weaker leg. (在我们离开之前，公司送给我一套专属的外骨骼装备，它经过了特别的调整，使得左侧能够为我那较为虚弱的腿提供额外的支撑。)”和“The device is priced at just $1,200, making it truly accessible — technology with heart, changing real lives. (该设备的价格仅为1200美元，使其真正触手可及——用心的技术，改变现实生活。)”可知，全文通过外骨骼设备如何让作者重获行走自由、公司个性化适配设备、亲民定价等细节，点明“用心的技术，改变现实生活”，传达的理念是“真正的技术是为人类服务的”。 Passage 2 I had no idea it was possible to sweat so heavily without engaging in any physical activity. I wasn’t standing at the open door of a plane thousands of feet in the air, ready to jump out into the wild, blue sky. Rather, I was simply sitting on my bed, wearing my most comfortable clothes, and waiting to hit the “Enter classroom” button on my computer. I had signed up for an online language lesson with a Portuguese language tutor. For the past few months, I had been studying the language and I knew video chat was the next best option. As I clicked the button, a friendly face popped up on the screen in front of me. At that moment, my mind froze. Feeling my nervousness, my tutor said something I still remember today, “Learning a new language is like showing your weakness to the world. It can be uncomfortable.” The ice was officially broken. As I’ve progressed along on my language journey, I often think back to her insight. She is right. We take as a given the power to express ourselves freely, and when that power is taken away, we are brought to a place of weakness. Yet if we keep pushing forward despite this weakness, we will unlock a wealth of valuable gains. My three-year-old son has big feelings but has insufficient vocabulary to properly express himself. When I started learning Portuguese, I realized how difficult it must be for him to be understood in the adult world around him. I’m a better parent now. When my husband and I finally visited Portugal and ordered food in Portuguese at a small shop, the server thanked us for taking time to learn their language. Learning Portuguese taught me that attempting to learn someone else’s language shows respect not only for their homeland but for the people themselves. Taking on the challenge of Portuguese has also awakened a fire within me. If you had told me a year ago that I would be taking a writing course, competing in competitions at my gym, or learning about car maintenance, I truly wouldn’t have believed it. Now I deeply believe that challenging yourself can be rewarding in ways you will never know unless you attempt it. 5．What was the author doing in Paragraph 1? A．Working out at home. B．Taking an entrance exam. C．Preparing herself for a class. D．Signing up for a language club. 6．Hearing the tutor’s words, the author felt ________. A．shocked B．defensive C．concerned D．relieved 7．After learning Portuguese, the author ________. A．showed competitive advantages B．started to try Portuguese cuisine C．developed a passion for travelling D．became an understanding mother 8．What can we learn from the passage? A．It is never too late to learn something new. B．Taking on challenges may bring perfection. C．Leaving the comfort zone offers new visions of life. D．Language learning helps clear up misunderstandings. 【答案】 5．C 6．D 7．D 8．C 【导语】文章介绍了作者初次线上上葡萄牙语课时十分紧张，在老师开导下逐渐释怀；随后讲述学习葡萄牙语让自己更理解年幼的儿子、懂得尊重他国文化，勇于接受各类新挑战，感悟到走出舒适区、挑战自我会收获意想不到的人生价值。 【解析】 5．细节理解题。根据原文第一段“Rather, I was simply sitting on my bed, wearing my most comfortable clothes, and waiting to hit the “Enter classroom” button on my computer.(相反，我只是穿着最舒服的衣服坐在床上，等着点击电脑上的“进入教室”按钮。)” 可知，作者当时正在为线上课程做准备。 6．推理判断题。根据原文第二段“Feeling my nervousness, my tutor said something I still remember today, “Learning a new language is like showing your weakness to the world. It can be uncomfortable.” The ice was officially broken.(察觉到我的紧张，老师说了一句我至今记忆犹新的话：“学习一门新语言就像向全世界展露自己的弱点，这难免会让人不自在。” 尴尬的氛围就此彻底消散。)” 可知，听完老师的话后作者内心释怀、放松下来。 7．细节理解题。根据原文第四段“When I started learning Portuguese, I realized how difficult it must be for him to be understood in the adult world around him. I’m a better parent now.(当我开始学习葡萄牙语时，我体会到儿子在成人世界里难以被理解的难处，如今我成了更善解人意的母亲。)” 可知，学习葡萄牙语后，作者变成了一位更懂得体谅孩子的母亲。 8．推理判断题。根据原文第五段“Learning Portuguese taught me that attempting to learn someone else’s language shows respect not only for their homeland but for the people themselves.(学习葡萄牙语让我明白：主动去学习他人的语言，不仅是对他们祖国的尊重，更是对当地人民本身的尊重。)”及最后一段“Now I deeply believe that challenging yourself can be rewarding in ways you will never know unless you attempt it.(如今我深信，挑战自我所带来的收获，只有亲身尝试才能体会，其价值难以预知。)” 可知，走出舒适区、勇于挑战自我，会带给人全新的人生眼界与收获。 Passage 3 My small backyard had been neglected for years with overgrown weeds and dry soil. Last summer, I determined to transform it: I bought seeds, soil, and basic tools, eager to start my gardening project. The first few weeks were disheartening. The seeds either failed to grow or were eaten by birds. I watered tirelessly every day, adjusted sunlight, and tended to them constantly, yet nothing grew. I was ready to quit, convinced I had no talent for gardening. One afternoon, my neighbor Mr. Henderson, who tended his roses daily, watched me and said gently: “You’re trying too hard. Plants need care, but also space to grow on their own.” His words made sense. I relaxed: watered less often, let rain do its part, and stopped overthinking. Soon, tiny green buds emerged. By August, my backyard bloomed with color and scent; I’d sit there evenings, tasting tea, amazed by their beauty. Then a storm hit — strong winds knocked over my sunflowers. Heartbroken, I planned to pull them up, but Mr. Henderson appeared again: “Don’t give up. The strongest plants survive storms — they’ll heal if you give them a chance.” Weeks later, those sunflowers stood taller and stronger, their golden heads turning to the sun. I realized gardening wasn’t just about growing plants. All things have their own rhythm of recovery; what we struggle to control often fails, while what we gently trust finds its way back to light. The world does not always bend to our hurry, and neither do the things we care for. Some winds are meant to strengthen us, not break us. This summer, I’ll plant more seeds, both in the garden and in my heart. Growth takes time, and even life’s hardest moments are our greatest teachers. 9．Why does the author think she has no talent for gardening? A．She didn’t know how to use tools. B．She worked hard caring plants but in vain. C．She didn’t have a good taste for plants. D．She was slow in learning plant knowledge. 10．How did the author respond to Mr. Henderson’s advice? A．Let nature take its course. B．Stop watering the seeds. C．Ask him to look after her garden. D．Learn to enjoy the garden’s beauty. 11．Why are the sunflowers mentioned in the text? A．To present the risks of gardening. B．To highlight the delicacy of young plants. C．To illustrate the cruelty of natural disasters. D．To show the strength and energy of plants. 12．What can be inferred about the author? A．She never gives up when things get difficult. B．She believes success comes from effort and luck. C．She considers gardening the top priority in her life. D．She reshapes her gardening mindset in light of experiences. 【答案】 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．D 【导语】本文讲述作者打理荒废后院花园的亲身经历。作者起初急于求成、过度养护却毫无收获，在邻居的点拨下顺其自然、适度放手，又在向日葵历经风雨愈发茁壮的经历中感悟：万物生长自有节奏，成长需要时间，困境磨难会磨练人与事物的意志。 【解析】9．细节理解题。根据第二段“I watered tirelessly every day, adjusted sunlight, and tended to them constantly, yet nothing grew. I was ready to quit, convinced I had no talent for gardening(我日复一日不辞辛劳地浇水、调整光照、悉心照料，可植株始终不见生长。我打算就此放弃，认定自己完全没有园艺天赋)”可知，作者努力照料植物却徒劳无功，因此认为自己没有园艺天赋。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段结尾和第三开头““You’re trying too hard. Plants need care, but also space to grow on their own.” His words made sense. I relaxed: watered less often, let rain do its part, and stopped overthinking.(“你太过操心了。植物需要照料，但它们也需要有自己生长的空间。”他的这番话很有道理。我放松了下来：减少浇水的频率，让雨水发挥作用，不再过度纠结)”可知，作者听从建议后减少了人为干预，让自然发挥它的作用。 11．推理判断题。根据第四段“The strongest plants survive storms — they’ll heal if you give them a chance.(最强的植物能在暴风雨中存活——如果你给它们机会，它们会自愈)”以及第五段“Weeks later, those sunflowers stood taller and stronger, their golden heads turning to the sun.(几周后，那些向日葵站得更高、更壮，金色的花盘转向太阳)”可推知，提及向日葵是为了展现植物经历打击后展现出的顽强生命力与自我修复能力。 12．推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者最初做事急于求成、过度掌控，接连受挫后听从建议改变养护方式，又从向日葵风雨重生的经历中领悟成长真谛，彻底改变了自己的园艺观念与处事心态。由此可知，作者在经历中重塑了自己的心态。 Passage 1 （2025·全国二卷·高考真题）Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.” “Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.” 1．Who does Ho teach at LPCH? A．Sick children. B．Young nurses. C．Medical students. D．Patients’ parents. 2．What is a characteristic of Ho’s job? A．Prioritizing academics. B．Encouraging innovation. C．Treating various diseases. D．Playing multiple roles. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4? A．Offering regular lessons. B．Paying extra attention. C．Assigning no schoolwork. D．Showing no sympathy. 4．How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good? A．It eases peer pressure. B．It helps them live in hope. C．It frees them from aches. D．It entertains them with stories. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kathy Ho在斯坦福露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）担任教师的工作情况，介绍了医院学校学生的情况、她工作的特点以及医院学校对学生的益处。 【解析】1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中““Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. (“这里”指的是386 室，每年约有500名露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）的患者在这里成为学生。这所医院学校里没有家长、医生，也没有医疗程序。它是一个学习的地方。Ho老师的学生中，约有一半只待一周或更短时间，其他人则会待一年以上。大多数学生最终会康复，这意味着，帮助他们做好重返学校的准备正成为护理工作中日益重要的组成部分)” 可知，Ho在露西尔・帕卡德儿童医院（LPCH）教生病的孩子。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher. (我是一名教练、一名顾问和一名安慰者，这就是作为一名医院教师的意义)”可知，Ho工作的一个特点是扮演多种角色。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词所在句“Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. (一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，而是表达同情。Ho说：“我觉得这对孩子们是一种伤害”)” 可推知，其中的“it”指的是不给孩子们布置作业这件事。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Julie Good所说的“It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow. (这关乎围绕 “何为充实人生” 展开的问题解决。那些孩子拥有梦想，而学校能通过为他们提供学习与成长的途径，让这些梦想得以延续)”可推知，Good认为医院学校通过让孩子保持学习和成长，帮助他们维系梦想，即帮助他们生活在希望中。故选B。 Passage 2 （2024·浙江·高考真题）When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”. As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection. For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books! If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 5．What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A．The play. B．The shared house. C．The sofa. D．The telephone box. 6．Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006? A．To place an urgent call. B．To put up a notice. C．To shelter from the rain. D．To hold an audition. 7．What do we know about the “mini community library”? A．It provides phone service for free. B．Anyone can contribute to its collection. C．It is popular among young readers. D．Books must be returned within a month. 8．Why did the author start to use the “library”? A．He wanted to borrow some love stories. B．He was encouraged by a close neighbour. C．He found there were excellent free books. D．He thought it was an ideal place for reading. 【答案】5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒。 【解析】 5．词句猜测题。根据第一段第五句“I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子里为我的剧本进行试演。)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it代指“合租房”。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.(所以，我打电话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回去。)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.(最后一个被改造成了一个“迷你社区图书馆”：任何路过的人都可以从它的书架上“借”书，以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书来替换。)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图书。故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据第四段最后四句“Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。而且这些书是免费的。这个无与伦比的价格点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不会考虑购买的标题。我还发现了一些很棒的书！)”可知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用。故选C。 Passage 3 （2025·全国一卷·高考真题）In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. 9．Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1? A．Ninth graders. B．Students’ parents. C．Modern writers. D．Fictional characters. 10．Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay? A．They were not given enough time. B．They had a very limited vocabulary. C．They misunderstood the question. D．They had little interest in the topic. 11．What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Mixed. B．Amazing. C．Similar. D．Disturbing. 12．What does the author’s experience show? A．Teaching is learning. B．Still waters run deep. C．Knowledge is power. D．Practice makes perfect. 【答案】9．D 10．D 11．B 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。 【解析】 9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——她在父母拒绝其年少挚爱后心碎而逝。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。 10．推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. (大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。 11．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词下文“The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. (学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可推知，此处指学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。划线词“staggering”意为“令人惊叹的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing (惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。 12．推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章最后一段中“I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human. (我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teaching is learning (教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。 Passage 1 （2026·浙江·高考真题）When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 1．What poses a challenge to teachers according to the author? A．Students’ misunderstandings about teachers. B．Students’ false assumptions about learning. C．The irrelevance of textbooks to students’ life. D．The gap between teachers’ and students’ hobbies. 2．Why does the author bring tires into the classroom? A．To teach an engineering skill. B．To explain the structure of a car. C．To share a real-life experience. D．To illustrate a scientific concept. 3．What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A．A higher class attendance rate. B．Better examination results. C．A closer teacher-student bond. D．More spare time for students. 4．Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A．Innovative. B．Humorous. C．Decisive. D．Sympathetic. 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位教师为打破学生对学习的错误认知，将自己的爱好融入课堂教学的经历，介绍了该教学方式的具体实践、初衷，以及意外收获的师生关系升温的效果，最终这一做法成为其教学理念，不仅让课堂更生动，还能启发学生找到自身的兴趣热情。 【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests (作为一名教师，工作的很大一部分是纠正学生的错误认知。学生们走进教室时，往往认为学习毫无乐趣，所学的知识与现实世界无关，更不用说和他们的个人兴趣相关了)”可知，教师面临的一大挑战是学生对于学习的错误设想，认为学习无趣且和现实、自身兴趣无关。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications (我是一名汽车爱好者，所以教物理时，我会用汽车相关知识为物理概念创设情境。比如讲到摩擦力时，我会把不同的轮胎带到教室，让学生用它们做实验，看看摩擦力在现实生活中是如何起作用的)”可知，作者将轮胎带到教室，是为了借助实物实验，让学生理解摩擦力这一科学概念在现实中的应用，也就是阐释科学概念。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them (起初我把爱好带进课堂时，一心想着这样做能提高学生的课堂参与度，帮助他们理解科学概念，但我很快发现，这种做法还帮助我和学生建立了更紧密的关系)”可知，作者将爱好融入课堂的初衷是提升参与度、帮助学生理解概念，而意外的结果是师生之间的联系变得更加紧密。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据作者打破传统教学模式，主动将自己的汽车爱好融入物理课堂，通过第二段“If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications (例如，如果我们要讨论摩擦，我会把不同的轮胎带到教室里，这样我的学生就可以用它们进行实验室实验，看看摩擦在现实生活中是如何工作的)”和最后一段“What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy.Even when I'm planning classes，I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies.I find that doing so energizes my instruction，engages my students，and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world.Best of all，my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own.(最初的尝试如今已演变成一种教学理念。即使在备课的时候，我也会思考如何把爱好融入教学。我发现这样做能让我的课堂更有活力，吸引学生的注意力，并向他们展示抽象概念在现实世界中的具体体现。最重要的是，我对爱好的热情似乎能激励他们满怀热情地去寻找属于自己的兴趣所在)”可知，作者作为教师，敢于创新教学方式，打破学生对学习的固有认知，是富有创新精神的。故选A。 $