暑假作业05 阅读理解（AI&前沿科技类说明文）（巩固培优）高二英语人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦AI&前沿科技类说明文，构建“考情-命题规律-考向预测”三维体系，提炼文本结构模板与题型应对策略，培养科学思辨与复杂文本解读能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考情与命题规律|5类考情+3大命题规律|文本结构定位法（首段抛技术-中段原理应用-尾段辩证观点）|从真题特征到命题本质，建立“主题-结构-题型”关联| |题型突破|细节/推理/词义猜测等4类题型|长难句分析+同义替换识别+深层思辨训练|题型与解法一一对应，强化干扰项排除逻辑| |典例训练|3篇前沿科技文本（AIGC/机器人腕带/Project Genie）|跨学科主题迁移应用|覆盖四大高频主题，实现“以题练法-以法固知”|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业05阅读理解（AI&前沿科技类说明文） 历年考情 1. 篇目定位：固定 C/D 压轴篇，科普说明文为主，词数 310–360，难度全卷最高 2. 真题 AI 主题汇总 · 2021 新高考 II：畜牧监测机器人（AI 农业） · 2024 新高考 I：AI 数字化记录生物多样性（生态科技） · 2024 新高考 II：AI 科普书籍，探讨人与 AI 共存（AI 伦理） 3. 各地卷配套：自动驾驶、AI 医疗诊断、AIGC 内容生成、动物观测 AI 工具 4. 选材来源：外刊科普、高校科研简报、科技书评，无中式素材 5. 题型：单篇 4 题，细节题占 50%，推理 / 主旨 / 词义猜测 / 写作意图各约 1–2 题 / 套 命题规律 （一）文本结构固定模板 首段：抛出新技术 / 研究成果，点明利弊争议 中段：原理 + 实验数据 + 落地应用 尾段：局限、伦理风险、专家辩证观点（无绝对褒贬） （二）育人导向 不单纯炫科技，必带思辨：技术便利 vs 隐私、版权、独立思考缺失、就业冲击等矛盾点 （三）语言特征 1. 长难复合句密集，多因果 / 让步转折逻辑词（however/therefore/while） 2. 少量 AI 专业词（AIGC/algorithm/robotics），依托上下文可猜义 3. 熟词生义、同义替换为细节题核心陷阱 考向预测 1. 选材主题（四大高频） AIGC 生成式 AI：教育写作、图文生成、虚假信息风险 跨领域融合：AI + 农业 / 医疗 / 环保 / 航天 / 脑机接口 BCI 中国科技视角：国产 AI、智能智造、数字治理（文化自信导向） AI 全球治理：数据安全、行业监管、人机边界伦理 2. 文本变化 跨学科加重：AI + 生物 / 环境 / 社会学复合科普 对比类文本增多：传统人工 vs 智能算法优劣对照 增加实验数据、调研结论段落，提升信息筛选难度 3. 题型命题升级 推理判断题占比提升，侧重深层思辨（AI 对人类思维的影响） 新增 “写作目的 / 段落作用” 高频设问，考查篇章逻辑 干扰项迷惑性增强，多用局部正确、整体片面的表述 4. 隐性考查趋势 强化科学批判性思维，拒绝技术万能论 贴合新课标 “人与社会、人与自然” 主题语境 Passage 1 Artificial intelligence is contributing to significant advances in many academic and technical fields. Although the application of AI tools can benefit science and society, it also creates risks. AI slop — low-quality, inaccurate content from Generative AI like ChatGPT — floods scientific literature with false data and misleading reasoning. AI review tools favour such slop. After ChatGPT’s 2022 release, scientists lacking oversight submit error-ridden papers. AI slop also appears in paper mills (工厂) — companies mass-producing papers; in 2022 alone, 416 mill-produced articles were withdrawn. Though fake (伪造的) research existed before Generative AI, this new technology has facilitated its expansion, driving a transition from individual bad actors to illegal businesses. Unfortunately, professional journals continue to publish AI slop. This problem arises partially from novel challenges specific to Generative AI, such as the difficulties involved in detecting AI slop; the complexities in enforcing policies that require disclosure (公开) of AI assistance; and the increase in submissions arising from AI assistance. The AI slop trend also results from long-standing failures in the review system. Even before Generative AI, overstretched volunteer reviewers and editors lacked the time and resources to ensure high standards, allowing many low-quality papers to pass. AI-generated and AI-assisted papers are pushing an already overstressed system to the breaking point. Even the very citations that provide continuity and prior evidence in scientific papers are being undermined by Generative AI. Librarians have reported increasing requests for access to AI-generated citations that do not exist. Many such citations have already entered the academic literature, contributing to the reduction of trust in science. When researchers cite such slop, they pollute the academic world with unreliable or biased analyses, damaging confidence in the entire scientific ecosystem. What can we do to contain the AI slop in scientific research? Researchers who use AI to conduct literature searches should carefully check references for reliability. AI developers and companies bear some responsibility for ensuring that these tools are trained on high-quality research papers and data. For example, scientific institutions can pressure developers to fine-tune their AI models using the most reliable sources and to openly share the results of their safety and accuracy tests with users. This is just the beginning of a long journey. 1．How does the new technology lead to the expansion of fake research? A．It transforms illegal businesses. B．It saves struggling paper mills. C．It eliminates misleading reasoning. D．It boosts the production of false papers. 2．What can we learn about the academic review system? A．It is overburdened. B．It is underestimated. C．It is rich in resources. D．It is efficient in checks. 3．What does the underlined word “undermined” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Inspected. B．Ignored. C．Weakened. D．Mixed. 4．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．AI slop should be tackled collectively. B．AI companies should be fined severely. C．AI tools can be trained on various data. D．AI developers are the root cause of AI slop. Passage 2 Robots are already better than humans at quite a few tasks. Try to outplay an AI-enabled system at chess or outlast a robot worker operating in rooms filled with radiation, and you’d likely fall short. But even with all that advancement, machines still struggle to complete many seemingly basic tasks, especially those involving delicate hand movements. Something as simple as peeling (剥皮) a banana without breaking it is still considered a challenge for robotic systems, in large part because researchers haven’t figured out how to accurately capture the complexity of human hands. A new wrist wearable may change that. Recently, a team of engineers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) showcased a wristband that uses ultrasound (超声波) imaging to constantly monitor the interior of a person’s wrist. It captures continuous ultrasound images showing how the soft tissues inside the wearer’s wrist interact to produce hand gestures. That stream of images is then linked with an AI algorithm (算法) that can interpret the images in real time and send signals to a robotic hand. Using that system, the robotic hand mirrors the wristband wearer’s minute gestures in real time. Volunteers wearing the device could direct the robotic hand to grab tennis balls, make hand signs, and even play notes on a piano. The engineers behind the wristband believe it may be the most advanced tool yet for training robots to use their hands more like humans. The same technique can also be deployed to digital environments, which means future wearers could control a phone screen without ever touching it, or interact with virtual reality in ways that feel more realistic. The team published their findings in the journal Nature Electronics. “We think this work has an immediate impact in potentially replacing hand tracking techniques with wearable ultrasound bands in virtual reality,” the mechanical engineering professor and study co-author Xuanhe Zhao said in a statement. 5．Why does the author mention a robot peeling a banana? A．To stress a major limit of robotics. B．To show robots’ superiority in tasks. C．To indicate a simple task for humans. D．To praise the progress of technology. 6．How does the wristband enable robotic hand control? A．It tracks wrist changes through AI. B．It sends AI orders to train the wearer. C．It uses AI to monitor the robotic hand. D．It turns wrist motions into data for AI. 7．Which best describes the underlined part “deployed to” in paragraph 3? A．Rooted in. B．Removed from. C．Applied to. D．Recognized by. 8．What is the suitable title for the text? A．Digital Environments: The Future of Robotics. B．MIT Engineers: Pioneers in Virtual Reality Tech. C．Robot Workers: Outperforming Humans in Fields. D．Ultrasound Wristband: A Leap in Robotic Hands. Passage 3 Do you think generating a high-definition Hollywood blockbuster just by typing sentences, like C-Single 2.0, is already the final form of video-generation large models? However realistic the videos produced by it, they are still passive videos. Google Deepmind has launched a game-changer: Project Genie. Rather than producing ordinary videos, it creates an interactive, physically simulated (模拟的) world that users can control directly, with scenes generated instantly. Let’s take an in-depth look at the amazing algorithmic black technology behind it. How are traditional interactive environments or video games created? They rely on huge sets of coded rules. Programmers use physics engines to define gravity and write pre-set instructions to tell the computer which animation to play when a specific user input is received. But Genie takes a completely different approach. Genie achieves a breakthrough by processing images directly from pixel (像素) to pixel without written rules. Its core technology lies in unaided learning of its own internal rules of operation. Scientists trained it on 30,000 hours of online videos with no extra instructions. First, the model turns video pictures into simple visual units, much like how we process words in a sentence. By comparing pixel differences, it independently discovers hidden driving forces behind movements. In this way, Genie teaches itself physical rules such as gravity and basic control, showing that AI can understand the physical world through visual observations alone. Genie’s value extends far beyond entertainment. It serves as a low-cost, high-efficiency virtual training ground for robots, enabling AI agents to practice countless tasks before entering the real world. It can simulate cities, support architectural design, reconstruct historical scenes, and assist psychological treatment by creating safe interactive environment. By preparing fully in simulated environments, people can greatly reduce potential risks and improve efficiency in real life. However, it still faces technical barriers. For instance, it runs for a maximum of 60 seconds before its simulations start breaking at the edges. With rapid AI development, these limitations are expected to be solved in the near future. 9．What does the author think of C-Single 2.0? A．It is still technologically limited. B．It will be replaced by human designers. C．It marks the ultimate stage of video models. D．It is superior to Project Genie in video realism. 10．What makes Genie different from traditional game engines? A．It makes use of pre-set instructions for animation. B．It fails to offer controllable and interactive scenes. C．It depends on clear coded rules from programmers. D．It learns physical rules through independent visual study. 11．What can be inferred about Genie from paragraph 3? A．It is a must for psychological treatment. B．It can be widely applied in different fields. C．It gets rid of most potential risks in daily life. D．It provides efficient robot training in real life. 12．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Video Model: a New Frontier for Video Games B．Project Genie: a New Track for Video Generation C．Pixel Analysis: the Key to Self-learning Physical Rules D．Virtual Simulation: Values of Real-world Applications Passage 1 What began as a convenient tool for programmers has quickly evolved into a booming commercial ecosystem in China. Unlike browser-based chatbots such as ChatGPT or DeepSeek, OpenClaw works as an autonomous AI agent. Instead of simply answering questions, it can plan and carry out tasks ranging from organizing files to automating workflows directly on a user’s computer. OpenClaw was created by Austrian developer Peter Steinberger and released globally last November. In just a few months, the project has earned more than 250,000 stars on GitHub, making it one of the platform’s most popular open-source projects. Cities in China, including Shenzhen, Wuxi and Changshu are offering incentives to encourage experimentation, including free deployment zones and subsidies of up to 1 million yuan for key AI projects. But the technology also comes with risks. China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has issued security warnings, saying that poorly configured AI agents can expose sensitive data or become targets for cyberattacks (网络攻击). Despite the risks, the enthusiasm around OpenClaw reveals China’s rapidly growing interest in AI. The National Development and Reform Commission says the country’s AI industry is expected to exceed 10 trillion yuan or about 1.4 trillion U.S. dollars, by 2030. And for many users, “raising a lobster” is more than just a tech experiment. It’s a glimpse into how people may work, create and interact with AI in the years ahead, as long as it’s done safely. 1．What makes OpenClaw different from ChatGPT? A．It serves as a browser-based tool. B．It answers questions autonomously. C．It combines answering and performing. D．It creates a flexible commercial system. 2．What is the Chinese government’s attitude towards AI agents like OpenClaw? A．Cautious. B．Enthusiastic. C．Indifferent. D．Favourable. 3．What does “raising a lobster” probably refer to? A．Cooking seafood at home. B．Playing a video game online. C．Building a computer hardware. D．Experimenting with OpenClaw. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The risks of AI are uncontrollable. B．China banned open-source AI tools. C．AI agents are replacing programmers. D．OpenClaw’s rise and China’s AI push. Passage 2 AI seems to be everywhere within education — a global survey found 86% of students use AI in their studies, with nearly one in four using it daily. This can be beneficial if AI is used responsibly, in accordance with school policy. There’s no doubt that large language models can be expert in breaking down difficult concepts simply and clearly. A Nature article found that AI tutoring (辅导) outperforms in-class active learning, with college students also feeling more engaged when the content is presented by AI. However, there’s growing evidence that students ought to be cautious when choosing to use AI. A study from MIT split subjects into three groups and asked them to write SAT essays: The group that had access to ChatGPT had the lowest brain connectivity when writing, struggled to accurately quote their own work and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Another study found while students who used ChatGPT to research a scientific topic did have a lower cognitive load, their reasoning was less thorough. These studies start to paint a picture: AI has the potential to negatively impact our critical thinking and problem-solving skills even while saving time. Of course, one can reasonably argue that new technology has always led to some skills becoming dated. The rise of calculators led to a decline in the importance of our ability to do mental arithmetic (算术). But AI differs from these technologies. Working to reason out a problem or research a topic not only creates better topic understanding, but it bolsters the problem-solving and critical thinking skills we use in every aspect of our daily life. Thus, the harm of skipping this process with AI is more than simply a reduced understanding of an academic concept or a skill not learned. We should continue to research the effects of AI. Using AI for research, conceptual understanding or even coding can help, but we should take a moment before using AI to determine if we actually need it. 5．What is a characteristic of AI tutoring? A．It has gained wide recognition among teachers. B．It excels in linking concepts to real-life situations. C．It focuses on improving mental calculating ability. D．It makes college students more involved in learning. 6．What do the studies in paragraph 2 find in common? A．AI improves students’ writing accuracy greatly. B．AI promotes active participation in academic research. C．AI reduces mental pressure while strengthening memory. D．AI weakens students’ thinking and problem-solving abilities. 7．What does the underlined word “bolsters” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Restricts. B．Reflects. C．Sharpens. D．Evaluates. 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To advise on reasonable use of AI in study. B．To stress the importance of critical thinking. C．To show the popularity of AI among students. D．To introduce the functions of AI in education. Passage 3 New research challenges the widespread belief that artificial intelligence (AI) is driving a major rise in global greenhouse gas emissions. Scientists from the University of Waterloo and the Georgia Institute of Technology analyzed U.S. economic data alongside estimates of how frequently AI tools are used across different industries. Their aim was to understand what might happen to the environment if AI adoption increases along its current path. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, 83 percent of the nation’s economic activity relies on petrol, coal and natural gas. These fuels release greenhouse gases when burned. The researchers noted that total energy use from AI in the U.S. matched the electricity consumption of Iceland, yet this amount remained insignificant when viewed at national or global levels. “It is important to note that the increase in energy use is not going to be uniform. It’s going to be felt more in the places where electricity is produced to power the data centers,” said Dr Juan Moreno-Cruz, a professor at the School of Environment, Enterprise and Development at the University of Waterloo and Canada Research Chair in Energy Transitions. “If you look at that energy from the local perspective, that’s a big deal because some places could see double the amount of electricity output and emissions. But at a larger scale, AI’s use of energy won’t be noticeable.” “For people who believe that the use of AI will be a major problem for the climate and think we should avoid it, we’re offering a different perspective,” Moreno-Cruz added. “The effects on climate are not that significant, and we can use AI to develop green technologies or to improve existing ones.” To develop their findings, environmental economists Moreno-Cruz and Dr Anthony Harding reviewed a variety of economic sectors, the types of jobs within those sectors, and the share of tasks that could potentially be performed by AI. Moreno-Cruz and Harding intend to apply the same approach to additional countries in order to understand how AI adoption may affect environmental outcomes across different regions of the world. 9．What is the primary goal of the research? A．To promote the development of green AI. B．To measure energy consumption worldwide. C．To warn about AI’s growing energy demands. D．To assess AI’s potential environmental effects. 10．What can be said about AI energy consumption in the U.S.? A．It contributes to petrol-based activities. B．It will soon reach the global emission target. C．It has small influence at the national level. D．It exceeds Iceland’s electricity consumption. 11．What do researchers plan to do next? A．Extend their research to more countries. B．Shift focus to AI’s economic advantages. C．Develop AI applications to stop emissions. D．Reduce the energy use of AI in data centers. 12．Which of the following is the main idea of the text? A．AI technology drives greenhouse gas emissions. B．AI energy consumption urgently needs regulating. C．Data centers emit more than previously estimated. D．AI’s impact on climate is much smaller than believed. Passage 1 Carbon removal is crucial for fighting climate change. Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This optimization (优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. To design these climate-saving plants, the scientists are using a research tool called SLEAP — an AI software that tracks multiple features of root growth. Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab. Now, Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants. In a study published in Plant Phenomics, Busch and Pereira establish a new procedure for using SLEAP to analyze plant root phenotypes — how deep and wide they grow, how massive their root systems become, and other physical qualities. Prior to SLEAP, tracking the physical characteristics of both plants and animals required a lot of labor that slowed the scientific process. SLEAP uses computer vision (the ability for computers to understand images) and deep learning (an AI approach for training a computer to learn and work like the human brain) to help researchers process images much more quickly. The application of SLEAP to plants has already enabled researchers to establish the most extensive catalog (目录) of plant root phenotypes to date. What’s more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes (基因) associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs. “Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful,” says Pereira. “We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines — we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts.” 1．What do the scientists at Salk Institute hope to achieve? A．Keeping more carbon in plants. B．Optimizing the use of energy. C．Enhancing biological diversity. D．Reducing carbon absorption. 2．Why did Pereira create SLEAP? A．To generate plant images. B．To conduct research on animals. C．To study climate patterns. D．To track features of root growth. 3．What will SLEAP help the scientists do? A．Pick out diseased plants in the forest. B．Collect samples of plant root systems. C．Identify genes for desirable plant roots. D．Preserve the genes of endangered plants. 4．What can be inferred from Pereira’s words? A．Academic disciplines are of equal importance. B．Computer programming is a must for scientists. C．Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity. D．Cooperation outweighs competition in research. Passage 2 Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 5．What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．If read by someone poorly educated. B．If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C．If written by someone less competent. D．If translated by someone unacademic. 6．What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A．It is packed with complex codes. B．It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C．It provides step-by-step instructions. D．It is intended for AI professionals. 7．What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A．Observe existing regulations on it. B．Reconsider expert opinions about it. C．Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D．Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To recommend a book on AI. B．To give a brief account of AI history. C．To clarify the definition of AI. D．To honor an outstanding AI expert. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业05阅读理解（AI&前沿科技类说明文） 历年考情 1. 篇目定位：固定 C/D 压轴篇，科普说明文为主，词数 310–360，难度全卷最高 2. 真题 AI 主题汇总 · 2021 新高考 II：畜牧监测机器人（AI 农业） · 2024 新高考 I：AI 数字化记录生物多样性（生态科技） · 2024 新高考 II：AI 科普书籍，探讨人与 AI 共存（AI 伦理） 3. 各地卷配套：自动驾驶、AI 医疗诊断、AIGC 内容生成、动物观测 AI 工具 4. 选材来源：外刊科普、高校科研简报、科技书评，无中式素材 5. 题型：单篇 4 题，细节题占 50%，推理 / 主旨 / 词义猜测 / 写作意图各约 1–2 题 / 套 命题规律 （一）文本结构固定模板 首段：抛出新技术 / 研究成果，点明利弊争议 中段：原理 + 实验数据 + 落地应用 尾段：局限、伦理风险、专家辩证观点（无绝对褒贬） （二）育人导向 不单纯炫科技，必带思辨：技术便利 vs 隐私、版权、独立思考缺失、就业冲击等矛盾点 （三）语言特征 1. 长难复合句密集，多因果 / 让步转折逻辑词（however/therefore/while） 2. 少量 AI 专业词（AIGC/algorithm/robotics），依托上下文可猜义 3. 熟词生义、同义替换为细节题核心陷阱 考向预测 1. 选材主题（四大高频） AIGC 生成式 AI：教育写作、图文生成、虚假信息风险 跨领域融合：AI + 农业 / 医疗 / 环保 / 航天 / 脑机接口 BCI 中国科技视角：国产 AI、智能智造、数字治理（文化自信导向） AI 全球治理：数据安全、行业监管、人机边界伦理 2. 文本变化 跨学科加重：AI + 生物 / 环境 / 社会学复合科普 对比类文本增多：传统人工 vs 智能算法优劣对照 增加实验数据、调研结论段落，提升信息筛选难度 3. 题型命题升级 推理判断题占比提升，侧重深层思辨（AI 对人类思维的影响） 新增 “写作目的 / 段落作用” 高频设问，考查篇章逻辑 干扰项迷惑性增强，多用局部正确、整体片面的表述 4. 隐性考查趋势 强化科学批判性思维，拒绝技术万能论 贴合新课标 “人与社会、人与自然” 主题语境 Passage 1 Artificial intelligence is contributing to significant advances in many academic and technical fields. Although the application of AI tools can benefit science and society, it also creates risks. AI slop — low-quality, inaccurate content from Generative AI like ChatGPT — floods scientific literature with false data and misleading reasoning. AI review tools favour such slop. After ChatGPT’s 2022 release, scientists lacking oversight submit error-ridden papers. AI slop also appears in paper mills (工厂) — companies mass-producing papers; in 2022 alone, 416 mill-produced articles were withdrawn. Though fake (伪造的) research existed before Generative AI, this new technology has facilitated its expansion, driving a transition from individual bad actors to illegal businesses. Unfortunately, professional journals continue to publish AI slop. This problem arises partially from novel challenges specific to Generative AI, such as the difficulties involved in detecting AI slop; the complexities in enforcing policies that require disclosure (公开) of AI assistance; and the increase in submissions arising from AI assistance. The AI slop trend also results from long-standing failures in the review system. Even before Generative AI, overstretched volunteer reviewers and editors lacked the time and resources to ensure high standards, allowing many low-quality papers to pass. AI-generated and AI-assisted papers are pushing an already overstressed system to the breaking point. Even the very citations that provide continuity and prior evidence in scientific papers are being undermined by Generative AI. Librarians have reported increasing requests for access to AI-generated citations that do not exist. Many such citations have already entered the academic literature, contributing to the reduction of trust in science. When researchers cite such slop, they pollute the academic world with unreliable or biased analyses, damaging confidence in the entire scientific ecosystem. What can we do to contain the AI slop in scientific research? Researchers who use AI to conduct literature searches should carefully check references for reliability. AI developers and companies bear some responsibility for ensuring that these tools are trained on high-quality research papers and data. For example, scientific institutions can pressure developers to fine-tune their AI models using the most reliable sources and to openly share the results of their safety and accuracy tests with users. This is just the beginning of a long journey. 1．How does the new technology lead to the expansion of fake research? A．It transforms illegal businesses. B．It saves struggling paper mills. C．It eliminates misleading reasoning. D．It boosts the production of false papers. 2．What can we learn about the academic review system? A．It is overburdened. B．It is underestimated. C．It is rich in resources. D．It is efficient in checks. 3．What does the underlined word “undermined” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Inspected. B．Ignored. C．Weakened. D．Mixed. 4．What does the author imply in the last paragraph? A．AI slop should be tackled collectively. B．AI companies should be fined severely. C．AI tools can be trained on various data. D．AI developers are the root cause of AI slop. 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】文章主要说明了人工智能催生大量劣质科研内容，泛滥的虚假论文与不实引文破坏学术诚信。原有审稿体系不堪重负，需研究者、企业与机构多方合力，共同整治该问题。 【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Though fake (伪造的) research existed before Generative AI, this new technology has facilitated its expansion, driving a transition from individual bad actors to illegal businesses.(尽管在生成式人工智能出现之前就已经存在伪造的研究，但这项新技术却推动了其规模的扩大，使这种行为从个别不良分子发展成为非法企业)”可知，这种新技术会促使伪造文件的产量增加。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Even before Generative AI, overstretched volunteer reviewers and editors lacked the time and resources to ensure high standards, allowing many low-quality papers to pass. AI-generated and AI-assisted papers are pushing an already overstressed system to the breaking point.(即便在生成式人工智能出现之前，过度劳累的志愿评审员和编辑也缺乏时间和资源来确保高标准，从而导致许多低质量的论文得以通过。而由人工智能生成和辅助撰写的论文正将本已不堪重负的系统推向崩溃的边缘)”可知，学术评审制度负担过重。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Librarians have reported increasing requests for access to AI-generated citations that do not exist. Many such citations have already entered the academic literature, contributing to the reduction of trust in science. When researchers cite such slop, they pollute the academic world with unreliable or biased analyses, damaging confidence in the entire scientific ecosystem.(图书馆工作人员反映，对于那些并不存在的由人工智能生成的参考文献的访问请求越来越多。许多此类文献已经进入了学术领域，从而导致人们对科学的信任度降低。当研究人员引用这类粗制滥造的内容时，他们会给学术界带来不可靠或有偏见的分析，从而损害整个科学生态系统的信任度)”可知，虚假引用降低学术信任、破坏科研生态，可知AI损害、削弱了引文的价值与可信度，故划线词意思是“削弱”。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researchers who use AI to conduct literature searches should carefully check references for reliability. AI developers and companies bear some responsibility for ensuring that these tools are trained on high-quality research papers and data. For example, scientific institutions can pressure developers to fine-tune their AI models using the most reliable sources and to openly share the results of their safety and accuracy tests with users. This is just the beginning of a long journey.(使用人工智能进行文献检索的研究人员应当仔细核查参考文献的可靠性。人工智能的开发者和相关企业也需承担一定的责任，确保这些工具是基于高质量的研究论文和数据进行训练的。例如，科研机构可以向开发者施压，要求他们使用最可靠的来源对人工智能模型进行微调，并公开分享其安全性和准确性测试的结果给用户。这只是漫长旅程的开端)”可知，作者在最后一段中意在表达人工智能问题应当共同加以解决。 Passage 2 Robots are already better than humans at quite a few tasks. Try to outplay an AI-enabled system at chess or outlast a robot worker operating in rooms filled with radiation, and you’d likely fall short. But even with all that advancement, machines still struggle to complete many seemingly basic tasks, especially those involving delicate hand movements. Something as simple as peeling (剥皮) a banana without breaking it is still considered a challenge for robotic systems, in large part because researchers haven’t figured out how to accurately capture the complexity of human hands. A new wrist wearable may change that. Recently, a team of engineers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) showcased a wristband that uses ultrasound (超声波) imaging to constantly monitor the interior of a person’s wrist. It captures continuous ultrasound images showing how the soft tissues inside the wearer’s wrist interact to produce hand gestures. That stream of images is then linked with an AI algorithm (算法) that can interpret the images in real time and send signals to a robotic hand. Using that system, the robotic hand mirrors the wristband wearer’s minute gestures in real time. Volunteers wearing the device could direct the robotic hand to grab tennis balls, make hand signs, and even play notes on a piano. The engineers behind the wristband believe it may be the most advanced tool yet for training robots to use their hands more like humans. The same technique can also be deployed to digital environments, which means future wearers could control a phone screen without ever touching it, or interact with virtual reality in ways that feel more realistic. The team published their findings in the journal Nature Electronics. “We think this work has an immediate impact in potentially replacing hand tracking techniques with wearable ultrasound bands in virtual reality,” the mechanical engineering professor and study co-author Xuanhe Zhao said in a statement. 5．Why does the author mention a robot peeling a banana? A．To stress a major limit of robotics. B．To show robots’ superiority in tasks. C．To indicate a simple task for humans. D．To praise the progress of technology. 6．How does the wristband enable robotic hand control? A．It tracks wrist changes through AI. B．It sends AI orders to train the wearer. C．It uses AI to monitor the robotic hand. D．It turns wrist motions into data for AI. 7．Which best describes the underlined part “deployed to” in paragraph 3? A．Rooted in. B．Removed from. C．Applied to. D．Recognized by. 8．What is the suitable title for the text? A．Digital Environments: The Future of Robotics. B．MIT Engineers: Pioneers in Virtual Reality Tech. C．Robot Workers: Outperforming Humans in Fields. D．Ultrasound Wristband: A Leap in Robotic Hands. 【答案】5．A 6．D 7．C 8．D 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了机器人精细手部动作存在短板，麻省理工学院研发的超声波腕带可捕捉手腕动作，让机械手实时复刻人类手势，还能应用于数字环境。 【解析】5．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But even with all that advancement, machines still struggle to complete many seemingly basic tasks, especially those involving delicate hand movements. Something as simple as peeling (剥皮) a banana without breaking it is still considered a challenge for robotic systems, in large part because researchers haven’t figured out how to accurately capture the complexity of human hands.(即便有了如此多的进步，机器在完成许多看似简单的任务时仍会遇到困难，尤其是那些涉及精细手部动作的任务。比如，像剥香蕉而不将其弄破这样的简单动作，对于机器人系统来说仍被视为一项挑战，很大程度上是因为研究人员尚未弄清楚如何准确捕捉人类手部的复杂性。)”可知，作者用“机器人完整剥香蕉仍很困难”这个例子，是为了承接前文观点：尽管机器人技术进步巨大，但精细手部动作仍是其核心短板，也就是强调机器人学的一大主要局限。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently, a team of engineers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) showcased a wristband that uses ultrasound (超声波) imaging to constantly monitor the interior of a person’s wrist. It captures continuous ultrasound images showing how the soft tissues inside the wearer’s wrist interact to produce hand gestures. That stream of images is then linked with an AI algorithm (算法) that can interpret the images in real time and send signals to a robotic hand.( 最近，麻省理工学院（MIT）的一组工程师展示了一款手腕带，它利用超声成像技术持续监测佩戴者手腕内部的情况。它能捕捉到连续的超声图像，这些图像显示了佩戴者手腕内部的软组织如何相互作用以产生手势。然后，这些图像与一个能够实时解读图像并发送信号给机器人手的 AI 算法相连接。)”可知，这款腕带将手腕的动作转化为供人工智能处理的数据来实现对机械手的控制。 7．词句猜测题。根据划线短语句中“The same technique can also be … digital environments, which means future wearers could control a phone screen without ever touching it, or interact with virtual reality in ways that feel more realistic.( 同样的技术还可以……数字环境，这意味着未来的使用者无需触碰手机屏幕就能控制屏幕，或者以更逼真的方式与虚拟现实进行互动。)”由此可知，这项技术同样可以应用于数字环境。deployed to在此处表示“应用、部署”，与C选项applied to“应用于”同义。 8．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“Recently, a team of engineers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) showcased a wristband that uses ultrasound (超声波) imaging to constantly monitor the interior of a person’s wrist.( 最近，麻省理工学院（MIT）的一组工程师展示了一款手腕带，它利用超声成像技术持续监测佩戴者手腕内部的情况。)”和第三段中“Using that system, the robotic hand mirrors the wristband wearer’s minute gestures in real time.( 使用这个系统，机器人手会实时模仿佩戴者细微的手势。)”可知，全文核心是针对机器人精细手部动作的痛点，MIT 研发出超声波腕带，实现了机械手对人类微小手势的实时复刻，是机械手技术的重大突破。由此可知，这篇文章适合的标题是“超声波腕带：机器人手的一项重大突破”。 Passage 3 Do you think generating a high-definition Hollywood blockbuster just by typing sentences, like C-Single 2.0, is already the final form of video-generation large models? However realistic the videos produced by it, they are still passive videos. Google Deepmind has launched a game-changer: Project Genie. Rather than producing ordinary videos, it creates an interactive, physically simulated (模拟的) world that users can control directly, with scenes generated instantly. Let’s take an in-depth look at the amazing algorithmic black technology behind it. How are traditional interactive environments or video games created? They rely on huge sets of coded rules. Programmers use physics engines to define gravity and write pre-set instructions to tell the computer which animation to play when a specific user input is received. But Genie takes a completely different approach. Genie achieves a breakthrough by processing images directly from pixel (像素) to pixel without written rules. Its core technology lies in unaided learning of its own internal rules of operation. Scientists trained it on 30,000 hours of online videos with no extra instructions. First, the model turns video pictures into simple visual units, much like how we process words in a sentence. By comparing pixel differences, it independently discovers hidden driving forces behind movements. In this way, Genie teaches itself physical rules such as gravity and basic control, showing that AI can understand the physical world through visual observations alone. Genie’s value extends far beyond entertainment. It serves as a low-cost, high-efficiency virtual training ground for robots, enabling AI agents to practice countless tasks before entering the real world. It can simulate cities, support architectural design, reconstruct historical scenes, and assist psychological treatment by creating safe interactive environment. By preparing fully in simulated environments, people can greatly reduce potential risks and improve efficiency in real life. However, it still faces technical barriers. For instance, it runs for a maximum of 60 seconds before its simulations start breaking at the edges. With rapid AI development, these limitations are expected to be solved in the near future. 9．What does the author think of C-Single 2.0? A．It is still technologically limited. B．It will be replaced by human designers. C．It marks the ultimate stage of video models. D．It is superior to Project Genie in video realism. 10．What makes Genie different from traditional game engines? A．It makes use of pre-set instructions for animation. B．It fails to offer controllable and interactive scenes. C．It depends on clear coded rules from programmers. D．It learns physical rules through independent visual study. 11．What can be inferred about Genie from paragraph 3? A．It is a must for psychological treatment. B．It can be widely applied in different fields. C．It gets rid of most potential risks in daily life. D．It provides efficient robot training in real life. 12．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Video Model: a New Frontier for Video Games B．Project Genie: a New Track for Video Generation C．Pixel Analysis: the Key to Self-learning Physical Rules D．Virtual Simulation: Values of Real-world Applications 【答案】9．A 10．D 11．B 12．B 【导语】本文主要介绍谷歌Deepmind的Genie项目，对比传统视频生成模型，讲解其核心原理、多元应用及现存技术局限。 【解析】9．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However realistic the videos produced by it, they are still passive videos.(无论它生成的视频多么逼真，依旧只是被动式视频。)”可知，作者认为C-Single 2.0虽画质逼真，但仍存在技术局限。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But Genie takes a completely different approach. Genie achieves a breakthrough by processing images directly from pixel (像素) to pixel without written rules. Its core technology lies in unaided learning of its own internal rules of operation. (但Genie采用完全不同的方式，无需编写规则，逐像素处理图像实现突破，核心是自主学习内在运行规律。)”以及“In this way, Genie teaches itself physical rules such as gravity and basic control, showing that AI can understand the physical world through visual observations alone. (通过这种方式，Genie能够自主学习重力、基础操控等物理规律，这表明人工智能仅通过视觉观测就能认知物理世界。)”可知，Genie通过自主视觉学习掌握物理规则，这是它与传统游戏引擎的区别。 11．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Genie’s value extends far beyond entertainment. It serves as a low-cost, high-efficiency virtual training ground for robots, enabling AI agents to practice countless tasks before entering the real world. It can simulate cities, support architectural design, reconstruct historical scenes, and assist psychological treatment by creating safe interactive environment. (Genie的价值远不止娱乐层面。它可为机器人打造低成本、高效率的虚拟训练平台，让智能体在进入现实世界前完成海量任务演练。它还能模拟城市环境、助力建筑设计、复原历史场景，并通过搭建安全的交互环境辅助心理治疗。)”可知，Genie能够广泛应用于多个不同领域。 12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Google Deepmind has launched a game-changer: Project Genie. Rather than producing ordinary videos, it creates an interactive, physically simulated (模拟的) world that users can control directly, with scenes generated instantly. (谷歌Deepmind公司推出了一款颠覆性成果：Genie项目。它并非生成普通视频，而是创建出一个具备物理模拟效果的可交互世界，用户能够直接对其进行操控，且场景可即时生成。)”可知，文章围绕Project Genie展开，介绍其区别于传统视频生成模型的全新发展方向，所以“Project Genie: a New Track for Video Generation(Genie项目：视频生成的新赛道)”最能概括全文核心，适合作为最佳标题。 Passage 1 What began as a convenient tool for programmers has quickly evolved into a booming commercial ecosystem in China. Unlike browser-based chatbots such as ChatGPT or DeepSeek, OpenClaw works as an autonomous AI agent. Instead of simply answering questions, it can plan and carry out tasks ranging from organizing files to automating workflows directly on a user’s computer. OpenClaw was created by Austrian developer Peter Steinberger and released globally last November. In just a few months, the project has earned more than 250,000 stars on GitHub, making it one of the platform’s most popular open-source projects. Cities in China, including Shenzhen, Wuxi and Changshu are offering incentives to encourage experimentation, including free deployment zones and subsidies of up to 1 million yuan for key AI projects. But the technology also comes with risks. China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has issued security warnings, saying that poorly configured AI agents can expose sensitive data or become targets for cyberattacks (网络攻击). Despite the risks, the enthusiasm around OpenClaw reveals China’s rapidly growing interest in AI. The National Development and Reform Commission says the country’s AI industry is expected to exceed 10 trillion yuan or about 1.4 trillion U.S. dollars, by 2030. And for many users, “raising a lobster” is more than just a tech experiment. It’s a glimpse into how people may work, create and interact with AI in the years ahead, as long as it’s done safely. 1．What makes OpenClaw different from ChatGPT? A．It serves as a browser-based tool. B．It answers questions autonomously. C．It combines answering and performing. D．It creates a flexible commercial system. 2．What is the Chinese government’s attitude towards AI agents like OpenClaw? A．Cautious. B．Enthusiastic. C．Indifferent. D．Favourable. 3．What does “raising a lobster” probably refer to? A．Cooking seafood at home. B．Playing a video game online. C．Building a computer hardware. D．Experimenting with OpenClaw. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The risks of AI are uncontrollable. B．China banned open-source AI tools. C．AI agents are replacing programmers. D．OpenClaw’s rise and China’s AI push. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了OpenClaw这一AI工具的崛起及中国对AI产业的推动。 【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike browser-based chatbots such as ChatGPT or DeepSeek, OpenClaw works as an autonomous AI agent. Instead of simply answering questions, it can plan and carry out tasks ranging from organizing files to automating workflows directly on a user’s computer.(与基于浏览器的聊天机器人（如ChatGPT或DeepSeek）不同，OpenClaw作为一个自主的AI代理工作。它不仅能回答问题，还能在用户的计算机上直接规划和执行任务，从整理文件到自动化工作流程)”可知，OpenClaw不仅能回答问题，还能执行任务，这是它与ChatGPT等聊天机器人的主要区别。C选项“它结合了回答和执行”符合原文描述。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段“But the technology also comes with risks. China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has issued security warnings, saying that poorly configured AI agents can expose sensitive data or become targets for cyberattacks.(但这项技术也伴随着风险。中国工业和信息化部已发出安全警告，称配置不当的AI代理可能会泄露敏感数据或成为网络攻击的目标)”可知，中国政府对AI代理如OpenClaw持谨慎态度，担心其可能带来的安全风险。 3．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“And for many users, “raising a lobster” is more than just a tech experiment. It’s a glimpse into how people may work, create and interact with AI in the years ahead, as long as it’s done safely.(对许多用户来说，“raising a lobster”不仅仅是一项技术实验。它让人们得以窥见未来几年人们将如何与AI一起工作、创造和互动，只要这样做是安全的)”可知，“raising a lobster(养一只龙虾)”在这里是一种比喻，指的是使用OpenClaw这样的AI工具进行实验和探索，即“对OpenClaw进行实验”。 4．主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了OpenClaw这一AI工具的崛起，然后讲述了中国政府对AI代理的态度和政策支持，以及中国AI产业的快速发展。D选项“OpenClaw的崛起和中国的AI推动”概括了文章的主要内容。 Passage 2 AI seems to be everywhere within education — a global survey found 86% of students use AI in their studies, with nearly one in four using it daily. This can be beneficial if AI is used responsibly, in accordance with school policy. There’s no doubt that large language models can be expert in breaking down difficult concepts simply and clearly. A Nature article found that AI tutoring (辅导) outperforms in-class active learning, with college students also feeling more engaged when the content is presented by AI. However, there’s growing evidence that students ought to be cautious when choosing to use AI. A study from MIT split subjects into three groups and asked them to write SAT essays: The group that had access to ChatGPT had the lowest brain connectivity when writing, struggled to accurately quote their own work and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Another study found while students who used ChatGPT to research a scientific topic did have a lower cognitive load, their reasoning was less thorough. These studies start to paint a picture: AI has the potential to negatively impact our critical thinking and problem-solving skills even while saving time. Of course, one can reasonably argue that new technology has always led to some skills becoming dated. The rise of calculators led to a decline in the importance of our ability to do mental arithmetic (算术). But AI differs from these technologies. Working to reason out a problem or research a topic not only creates better topic understanding, but it bolsters the problem-solving and critical thinking skills we use in every aspect of our daily life. Thus, the harm of skipping this process with AI is more than simply a reduced understanding of an academic concept or a skill not learned. We should continue to research the effects of AI. Using AI for research, conceptual understanding or even coding can help, but we should take a moment before using AI to determine if we actually need it. 5．What is a characteristic of AI tutoring? A．It has gained wide recognition among teachers. B．It excels in linking concepts to real-life situations. C．It focuses on improving mental calculating ability. D．It makes college students more involved in learning. 6．What do the studies in paragraph 2 find in common? A．AI improves students’ writing accuracy greatly. B．AI promotes active participation in academic research. C．AI reduces mental pressure while strengthening memory. D．AI weakens students’ thinking and problem-solving abilities. 7．What does the underlined word “bolsters” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Restricts. B．Reflects. C．Sharpens. D．Evaluates. 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To advise on reasonable use of AI in study. B．To stress the importance of critical thinking. C．To show the popularity of AI among students. D．To introduce the functions of AI in education. 【答案】5．D 6．D 7．C 8．A 【导语】文章主要讨论了人工智能在教育中的应用及其对学生批判性思维和解决问题能力的潜在影响。 【解析】5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A Nature article found that AI tutoring (辅导) outperforms in-class active learning, with college students also feeling more engaged when the content is presented by AI. (一篇《自然》杂志的文章发现，AI辅导优于课堂主动学习，当内容由AI呈现时，大学生也感到更加投入)”可知，AI辅导的一个特点是它让大学生更投入学习。 6．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The group that had access to ChatGPT had the lowest brain connectivity when writing, struggled to accurately quote their own work and “consistently underperformed at neural, linguistic, and behavioral levels.” Another study found while students who used ChatGPT to research a scientific topic did have a lower cognitive load, their reasoning was less thorough.(能够使用ChatGPT的那组人在写作时大脑连通性最低，难以准确引用自己的作品，并且“在神经活动、语言表达和行为层面均持续表现欠佳。另一项研究发现，使用ChatGPT研究科学主题的学生确实认知负荷较低，但他们的推理不够透彻)”可知，这些研究的共同发现是AI削弱了学生的思维和解决问题能力。 7．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Working to reason out a problem or research a topic not only creates better topic understanding, but it bolsters the problem-solving and critical thinking skills we use in every aspect of our daily life. (努力推理出问题或研究一个主题不仅能更好地理解主题，还能bolsters我们在日常生活各个方面使用的解决问题和批判性思维技能)”中“not only creates better topic understanding...but...”可知，句中在描述“努力推理出问题或研究一个主题”所带来的好处，结合“problem-solving and critical thinking skills”可推知，可以“增强”或“提升”解决问题和批判性思维技能。故划线词意为“增强；提升”，与“Sharpens”同义。 8．推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段指出AI在教育中的普及及其益处，第二段指出AI可能带来的负面影响，第三段进一步阐述跳过思考过程的危害，最后一段建议“we should take a moment before using AI to determine if we actually need it. (在使用AI之前，我们应该花点时间确定我们是否真的需要它)”，由此推知，作者的写作目的是建议在学习中合理使用AI。 Passage 3 New research challenges the widespread belief that artificial intelligence (AI) is driving a major rise in global greenhouse gas emissions. Scientists from the University of Waterloo and the Georgia Institute of Technology analyzed U.S. economic data alongside estimates of how frequently AI tools are used across different industries. Their aim was to understand what might happen to the environment if AI adoption increases along its current path. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, 83 percent of the nation’s economic activity relies on petrol, coal and natural gas. These fuels release greenhouse gases when burned. The researchers noted that total energy use from AI in the U.S. matched the electricity consumption of Iceland, yet this amount remained insignificant when viewed at national or global levels. “It is important to note that the increase in energy use is not going to be uniform. It’s going to be felt more in the places where electricity is produced to power the data centers,” said Dr Juan Moreno-Cruz, a professor at the School of Environment, Enterprise and Development at the University of Waterloo and Canada Research Chair in Energy Transitions. “If you look at that energy from the local perspective, that’s a big deal because some places could see double the amount of electricity output and emissions. But at a larger scale, AI’s use of energy won’t be noticeable.” “For people who believe that the use of AI will be a major problem for the climate and think we should avoid it, we’re offering a different perspective,” Moreno-Cruz added. “The effects on climate are not that significant, and we can use AI to develop green technologies or to improve existing ones.” To develop their findings, environmental economists Moreno-Cruz and Dr Anthony Harding reviewed a variety of economic sectors, the types of jobs within those sectors, and the share of tasks that could potentially be performed by AI. Moreno-Cruz and Harding intend to apply the same approach to additional countries in order to understand how AI adoption may affect environmental outcomes across different regions of the world. 9．What is the primary goal of the research? A．To promote the development of green AI. B．To measure energy consumption worldwide. C．To warn about AI’s growing energy demands. D．To assess AI’s potential environmental effects. 10．What can be said about AI energy consumption in the U.S.? A．It contributes to petrol-based activities. B．It will soon reach the global emission target. C．It has small influence at the national level. D．It exceeds Iceland’s electricity consumption. 11．What do researchers plan to do next? A．Extend their research to more countries. B．Shift focus to AI’s economic advantages. C．Develop AI applications to stop emissions. D．Reduce the energy use of AI in data centers. 12．Which of the following is the main idea of the text? A．AI technology drives greenhouse gas emissions. B．AI energy consumption urgently needs regulating. C．Data centers emit more than previously estimated. D．AI’s impact on climate is much smaller than believed. 【答案】9．D 10．C 11．A 12．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新研究对人工智能（AI）是否会大幅增加全球温室气体排放这一普遍观点提出质疑，介绍了研究的过程、发现及未来计划。 【解析】9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Their aim was to understand what might happen to the environment if AI adoption increases along its current path. (他们的目的是了解如果人工智能的采用沿着目前的路径增加，环境可能会发生什么)”可知，该研究的主要目的是评估人工智能对环境的潜在影响。故选D项。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers noted that total energy use from AI in the U. S. matched the electricity consumption of Iceland, yet this amount remained insignificant when viewed at national or global levels. (研究人员指出，美国人工智能的总能源使用量与冰岛的电力消耗相当，但从国家或全球层面来看，这一数字仍然微不足道)”可知，美国人工智能的能源消耗在国家层面上影响较小。故选C项。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Moreno-Cruz and Harding intend to apply the same approach to additional countries in order to understand how AI adoption may affect environmental outcomes across different regions of the world. (Moreno-Cruz和Harding打算将同样的方法应用于更多的国家，以便了解人工智能的采用可能如何影响世界不同地区的环境结果)”可知，研究人员计划将他们的研究扩展到更多国家。故选A项。 12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“New research challenges the widespread belief that artificial intelligence (AI) is driving a major rise in global greenhouse gas emissions. (新研究对人工智能（AI）正在推动全球温室气体排放大幅上升的普遍看法提出了挑战)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了新研究对人工智能（AI）是否会大幅增加全球温室气体排放这一普遍观点提出质疑，研究发现人工智能对气候的影响比人们认为的要小得多。故选D项。 Passage 1 （2026年浙江省1月高考英语真题） Carbon removal is crucial for fighting climate change. Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This optimization (优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. To design these climate-saving plants, the scientists are using a research tool called SLEAP — an AI software that tracks multiple features of root growth. Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab. Now, Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants. In a study published in Plant Phenomics, Busch and Pereira establish a new procedure for using SLEAP to analyze plant root phenotypes — how deep and wide they grow, how massive their root systems become, and other physical qualities. Prior to SLEAP, tracking the physical characteristics of both plants and animals required a lot of labor that slowed the scientific process. SLEAP uses computer vision (the ability for computers to understand images) and deep learning (an AI approach for training a computer to learn and work like the human brain) to help researchers process images much more quickly. The application of SLEAP to plants has already enabled researchers to establish the most extensive catalog (目录) of plant root phenotypes to date. What’s more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes (基因) associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs. “Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful,” says Pereira. “We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines — we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts.” 1．What do the scientists at Salk Institute hope to achieve? A．Keeping more carbon in plants. B．Optimizing the use of energy. C．Enhancing biological diversity. D．Reducing carbon absorption. 2．Why did Pereira create SLEAP? A．To generate plant images. B．To conduct research on animals. C．To study climate patterns. D．To track features of root growth. 3．What will SLEAP help the scientists do? A．Pick out diseased plants in the forest. B．Collect samples of plant root systems. C．Identify genes for desirable plant roots. D．Preserve the genes of endangered plants. 4．What can be inferred from Pereira’s words? A．Academic disciplines are of equal importance. B．Computer programming is a must for scientists. C．Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity. D．Cooperation outweighs competition in research. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述索尔克研究所科学家为固碳优化植物根系，将原追踪动物AI工具SLEAP应用于研究植物根系表型，助力筛选有益基因，这也是跨学科合作的成果。 【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This optimization ( 优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. (索尔克研究所的科学家们通过强化植物根系，利用其吸收二氧化碳的天然能力。这一优化旨在增加碳的储存量并延长其储存时间。)”可知，索尔克研究所的科学家们希望让植物储存更多的碳。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab. (SLEAP 由索尔克研究所的塔尔莫・佩雷拉研发，最初被设计用于在实验室中追踪动物的活动。)”可知，佩雷拉研发SLEAP是为了开展动物相关研究。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“What’s more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes (基因) associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs. (此外，追踪这些植物根系的物理特征，有助于科学家找到与这些特征相关的基因，同时还能弄清多种根系特征是由同一基因决定，还是各自独立调控。这也让索尔克研究所的研究团队能够确定，哪些基因对其植物育种研究最具利用价值。)”可知，SLEAP能帮助科学家识别出利于培育理想根系的基因。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段佩雷拉的话“We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines — we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts. (我们不只是从不同学科中‘借鉴’，而是真正让各学科处于平等地位，以创造出比各部分总和更有价值的成果。)”可知，跨学科的研究方法能够促进创新。故选C项。 Passage 2 （2024年新课标全国Ⅱ卷英语真题）Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 5．What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．If read by someone poorly educated. B．If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C．If written by someone less competent. D．If translated by someone unacademic. 6．What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A．It is packed with complex codes. B．It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C．It provides step-by-step instructions. D．It is intended for AI professionals. 7．What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A．Observe existing regulations on it. B．Reconsider expert opinions about it. C．Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D．Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 8．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To recommend a book on AI. B．To give a brief account of AI history. C．To clarify the definition of AI. D．To honor an outstanding AI expert. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。 【解析】5．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.(值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。故选B项。 7．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. (她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险)”和文章倒数第二段“We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. (我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败)”可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C项。 8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $