精品解析：江苏南通市启东市第一中学2025-2026学年高一上学期第二次素质检测英语试题

第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。现在你有。5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。Dad, look, I can climb the stairs now. Oh my god. Sweet heart. Be careful not to trip on the steps. Your legs haven't fully recovered yet, and the doctor advised you to avoid unnecessary movements. You've come back just in time. The T, V drama is about to start. I don't feel like watching T, V. I am dying of thirst. There happens to be some fresh orange juice in the fridge. When you go to get IT, please bring some bread for me. Are you going to apply to lead the new project? The application deadline is . this friday, still hesitating? It's already wednesday. Remember he who hesitates is lost. If you haven't applied by friday, you miss the chats. You're right. I'll hand in my application tomorrow. Jenny, I heard you moved house last weekend. What kind of places you living in now? It's just a little flat right next to the city library. I really love . the kitchen. Oh, that area is nice and quiet. Excuse me, sir, your dog isn't on a lead. It's against the rules of our park. Oh. sorry, I wanted to train my dog to catch the frisbee. I understand, but dogs without a lead can be a threat to the safety of visitors. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。IT said that a researcher named sixty newly discovered spiders after some . pop songs. Really, naming spiders after pop songs seem strange. I disagree. I think it's an appealing way of naming spiders. IT can drop public attention to science. In fact, combining science with culture and art is a trend among researchers, especially Younger ones. For example, in two thousand and nineteen, a deep sea creature was named after the character dora a from the novel down kiote. I know a new insect species was named after the chinese poet sushi in two thousand and twenty four, but I think such names might cause misunderstandings. IT said that a researcher named sixty newly discovered spiders after some . pop songs. Really, naming spiders after pop songs seem strange. I disagree. I think it's an appealing way of naming spiders. IT can drop public attention to science. In fact, combining science with culture and art is a trend among researchers, especially Younger ones. For example, in two thousand and nineteen, a deep sea creature was named after the character dora a. From the novel down kiote. I know a new insect species was named after the chinese poet sushi in two thousand and twenty four, but I think such names might cause misunderstand endings. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Uncle ian, grandma and I found this old notebook during the spring cleaning SHE said. IT was yours. Can I open IT sure. It's my high school classmates record book. IT contains my classmates contact information, photos, messages. eta sounds fun. Can we go through . IT together? Of course. good. The first page is about jim Brown. He wrote so many messages. Yes, he was my desk. Now he's an army medical doctor. That's cool. Let's move on to the next page. This one is about ana smith. SHE even added a photo of herself. SHE looks so familiar. I think i've seen her somewhere . you might have because he lives on the same block as us. No wonder he wrote, I hope you achieve your three wishes, to become a college teacher, to learn to fly a plane and to travel around europe. So far, i've only achieved the first one. There's always time for the other two wishes. Buncle ian, grandma and I found this old notebook during the spring cleaning. SHE said. IT was yours. Can I open? IT sure. It's my high school classmate record book. IT contains my classmates contact information, photos, messages. eta sounds fun. Can we go through IT together? Of course. good. The first page is about jim Brown. He wrote so many . messages. Yes, he was my desk made. Now he's an army medical doctor. That's cool. Let's move on to the next page. This one is about hanna smith. SHE even added a photo of herself. SHE looks so familiar. I think i've seen her somewhere . you might have, because he lives on the same block as us. No wonder he wrote, I hope you achieve your three wishes to become a college teacher to learn to fly a plane and to travel around europe. So far, i've only achieved the first one. There's always time for the other two wishes. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。A lisa, how was your weekend? I and I had a busy weekend at no night. Saturday, we had italian dishes with erik's family at the restaurant you recommended. That restaurant really has some great dishes. Yes, he does. In the late afternoon, I went to the dentist. why did you go to the dentist again to have a tooth pulled out or get a filling? neither. I just had a check up this time. One of my teeth on the right side ached. When I drink cold water, I got an x ray, and the doctor said the tooth was just sensitive and there wasn't a big problem. That's good to hear. What did you do? On saturday night? We went to see a stand up comedy. After that, we went shopping, eric bota tie, and I tried on some t shirts and trousers, but I didn't find anything I liked. What did you do the next day? We spent a whole day going on on a bike trip in the countryside. A lisa, how was your weekend? Eric and I had a busy weekend at no night. Saturday, we had italian dishes with erik's family at the restaurant you recommend ended. That restaurant really has some . great dishes. Yes, he does. In the late afternoon, I went to the dentist. Why did you go to the dentist again to have a tooth pulled out . or get a filling? neither. I just had a check up this time. One of my teeth on the right side ached when I drink cold water. I got an x ray, and the doctor said the tooth was just sensitive and there wasn't a big problem. That's good to hear. What did you do on saturday night? We went to see a stand up comedy. After that, we went shopping, eric bota tie, and I tried on some t shirt and trousers, but I didn't find anything I liked. What did you do the next day? We spent a whole day going on a bike trip in the country's side. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。What do you usually do when you feel stressed? I usually jog five kilometers. I think jogging is an escape from the pressure of my life. I tried doing yoga and reading comic books to reduce stress before, but they didn't help much. Fortunately, I discovered a very effective way to reduce stress. Sound healing. Sound healing. Can you be more specific? Simply speaking, its healing through sound, a sound therapy, uses instruments to produce sounds from nature to relax people. What kind of instruments are usually used? There are guitars, the chinese guti gongs and hand pants among them. I enjoy the chinese歌曲the most。Where can you experience sound healing? I currently go to a sound therapy center. In addition, some yoga studios and t rooms also offer sound healing. I first experienced sound healing during a yoga class. What do you usually do when you feel stressed? I usually jog five kilometers. I think jogging is an escape from the pressure of my life. I tried doing yoga and reading comic books to reduce stress before, but they didn't help much. Fortunately, I discovered a very effective way to reduce stress. Sound healing. sound healing, can you be more specific? Simply speaking, its healing through sound. A sound therapist uses instruments to produce sounds from nature to . relax people. What of instruments are usually used? There are guitars, the chinese gushi gogs and hand pans. Among them, I enjoy the chinese歌曲the most。Where can you experience sound healing? I currently go to a sound therapy center. In addition, some yoga studios and t rooms also offer sound healing. I first experienced sound healing during a yoga class. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。The worst or public library announced that through the end of march, people who have lost or damaged a book or other borrowed items can bring a photograph, drawing or magazine clippings of a cat and make their library cards work again without paying fines. The library called the program march madness a way to forgive people who lost or damaged borrowed items by accident. Jason homer, the executive director of the library, said in an interview on monday that about four hundred people had their library accounts unlocked and could borrow books again after bringing in their pictures or drawings of cats. In one case, a cats seven year old boy who lost the book kept in under pants had his library card work again after the staff gave him paper and a pencil to drop a cat. Like many public libraries in the united states, the worster public library is trying to encourage people to return there after the pandemic. The library had previously tried to raise the number of visitors with canned food drives. The library staff held meetings for several months to come up with different creative ways to get people back through the library doors. After these meetings, the milon's program took shape. While the library had previously stopped charging fines for late returns, many people who faced fees for lost items simply stayed away. One woman named Julie, who had lost library dvds by accident, regained access to her account with a photograph of a cat. The worst or public library announced that through the end of march, people who have lost or damaged a book or other borrowed items can bring a photograph drawing or magazine clipping of a cat and make their library cards work again without paying fines. The library called the program march madness a way to forgive people who lost or damaged borrowed items by accident. Jason homer, the executive director of the library, said in an interview on monday that about four hundred people had their library accounts on blood and could borrow books again after bringing in their pictures or drawings of cats. In one case, a cattles seven year old boy who lost the book kept in under pants, had his library card work again after the staff gave him paper and a pencil to drop a cat, like many public libraries in the united states, the worster public library is trying to encourage people to return there after the pandemic. The library had previously tried to raise the number of visitors with canned food drives. The library staff held meetings for several months to come up with different creative ways to get people back through the library doors. After these meetings, the malus program took shape. While the library had previously stopped charging fines for late returns, many people who faced fees for lost items simply stayed away. One woman named Julie, who had lost library dvds by accident, regained access to her account with a photograph of a cat. 第二节到此结束，现在你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。听力部分到此结束。 第一学期第二次素质检测 高一英语试卷 （考试时间150分钟，试卷满分150分,命题人：） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the man sound? A. Casual. B. Pleased. C. Concerned. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman likely to do? A. Watch a TV drama. B. Drink orange juice. C. Buy some bread. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the man hand in his application? A. This Wednesday. B. This Thursday. C. This Friday. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the conversation mainly about? A. Jenny’s new home. B. Weekend plans. C. A city library. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who might the woman be? A. An animal doctor. B. A dog trainer. C. A security guard. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the woman think of naming spiders after pop songs? A. It’s strange. B. It’s attractive. C. It’s misleading. 7. What was the deep-sea creature named after in 2019? A. A character in a novel. B. A Chinese poet. C. An ancient poem. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why does the girl talk to the man? A. To ask for permission. B. To make an invitation. C. To discuss the spring-cleaning. 9. What do we know about Jim Brown? A. He lives on the same block as the speakers. B. He added a photo in the man’s notebook. C. He provides medical service for the army. 10. Which of the man’s dreams has come true? A. Being a college teacher. B. Learning to fly a plane. C. Travelling around Europe. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Why did Alisa go to the dentist last Saturday? A. To get a tooth pulled out. B. To get a tooth filled. C. To get a check-up. 12. What did Eric buy last Saturday? A. A pair of trousers. B. A T-shirt. C. A tie. 13. What did Alisa do last Sunday? A. She watched a comedy. B. She took a cycling tour. C. She ate Italian dishes. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What does the man usually do to reduce pressure? A. Go jogging. B. Practice yoga. C. Read comic books. 15. Which of the following instruments does the woman like best? A. The guitar. B. The handpan. C. The Chinese guqin. 16. Where did the woman probably first experience sound healing? A. In a tea room. B. In a yoga studio. C. In a sound therapy center. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How many people had their library accounts unblocked according to Jason Homer? A. About 400. B. About 300. C. About 200. 18. How did the 7-year-old boy get his library card working again? A. By drawing a picture of a cat. B. By showing a photograph of his cat. C. By donating a magazine about cats. 19. Why did the Worcester Public Library introduce the program March Meowness? A. To figure out the number of lost library items. B. To catch the public’s attention on cat adoption. C. To encourage people to go back to the library. 20. What borrowed items did Julie lose? A. Books. B. DVDs. C. CDs. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In today’s fast-paced digital world, many of us struggle with distraction and burnout. It’s challenging to stay focused and productive with constant interruptions and the pressure to manage multiple tasks. Therefore we bring to you — The Sukha app. Sukha is a productivity-boosting focus app that helps you complete tasks more efficiently by providing tools that promote focus and community support. This productivity software silences distractions (干扰), plays focus music, and starts a pomodoro timer (番茄计时器) with just a click. Sukha ensures you stay on track and finish your work faster. Features of Sukha Phone Distraction Elimination (消除) Silence distractions and create a best work environment to ensure you stay focused on the task at hand, minimizing interruptions and increasing efficiency. The next time you pick up your smartphone, the screen will automatically start flashing to keep you away from it. Focus Music ● Offers a selection of focus music tracks that help you get into the flow and maintain your concentration for longer periods. Community Integration ● Work alongside friends and people around the world. ● Feel part of a supportive community by seeing others working in real time, providing motivation and reducing the sense of isolation (孤立). Sukha VS Other Productivity Apps There are many other productivity apps. They are also simple and easy to use and set up. While these types of tools offer different features, they tend to work in isolation. However, Sukha takes a unique approach. With Sukha, your needs are met in one place. You can integrate other apps into the platform. For example, by adding your Calendar, you ensure that you’re on time for any upcoming online meetings. Productivity isn’t limited to the platform but extends to integrated apps. You have a complete system to work smarter. This doesn’t happen elsewhere but within Sukha. Sukha Pricing We are excited to announce that Sukha now offers a 14-day free trial for all new users. After the conclusion of your 14-day trial, you will be automatically moved to the Basic Plan at no cost. However, if you wish to continue with the Pro Subscription, you need to pay $10 per month. If you have any questions regarding the Sukha Pro Subscription or the 14-day trial version, please do not hesitate to get in touch with our support team at support@centered.app. So, what are you waiting for? 21. What is the aim of Sukha? A. To create focus music. B. To produce novel ideas. C. To enhance working efficiency. D. To unite a whole community. 22. What is unique to Sukha? A. It’s easy to use and set up. B. It provides different features. C. It can minimize interruptions. D. It works together with other apps. 23. How will Sukha charge users after the trial period? A. Users will continue to have access to all features for free. B. Users will be charged a one-time fee of 10 after the trial. C. Users will be charged 10 per month for the Pro Subscription. D. Users will automatically be moved to the Pro Subscription at no cost. B In my early teens, I was once given a film camera as a gift . On receiving it, I jumped on my bike, headed to Wimbledon Common and took photos, just for me: photos of trees and wildlife. I was out all day. On my way home I spotted a tree lit up by street lighting and tried to capture its beauty. Rushing home, I put the spent film in a special little envelope and sent it off to a photography store, desperate to see how it would come out. I took many photos then and loved the fact that when you processed your film you got back colour photos which froze the precious moments, gently encouraging the hobby and the payments for processing. As I grew into adulthood, that simple, deep happiness gradually faded away. One weekend when I was busy answering the work calls, my eyes caught a box in the corner of the room. I suddenly felt a sense of sadness. The stress growing over these years had pushed the camera from beside my pillow to the box in the corner. I thought I needed a change. I took out the camera and dusted it down. It was a great joy that it still worked. I bought new film and took the camera everywhere I went. Now it is always on hand to accompany me on journeys, to allow me time to myself. Even if the day is full and busy, I can seize some moments for myself to take photos, to observe the world around me. The wall of my room now holds all my camera equipment on display, along with photos I've taken. To me, the room represents how I’ve found happiness: by reconnecting to the younger part of myself I laid aside, by allowing room in my life for pleasure to exist, and by creating an environment that allows opportunities for delight. 24. What did the author think of taking photos as a young boy? A. Inspiring and practical. B. Tiring yet delightful. C. Exciting and worthwhile. D. Difficult yet engaging. 25. Why did the author stop taking photos according to paragraph 2? A. He wanted to focus on his work. B. He was struck by sudden sorrow. C. He attempted to behave like an adult. D. He was faced with increasing pressure. 26. What did the author get from picking up his hobby? A. More fun in the daily routine. B. New journeys in the wild. C. Better skills of observation. D. Different styles of photography. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Revisiting Lost Childhood Memories B. Appreciating Beauty Behind the Lens C. Escaping Teenage Sadness with Camera D. Regaining Pleasure Through Photography C Emmanuel Mendoza, a college student, is currently running a study at Texas A&M University, where he’s mixing simulated (模拟的)Martian (火星的) soil and frass(粪便)from fly larvae(幼虫)to find just the right recipe for growing plants on Mars. The seed of this idea was planted when Mendoza was in middle school, watching Ridley Scott’s 2015 film The Martian, in which Mark Watney becomes stuck on the planet and grows potatoes to survive. “That got me really interested in what nutrients or what soil structure Martian soil has that we could potentially take advantage of, ”Mendoza said. Now, he’s running an experiment growing English peas in simulated Martian soil. “I definitely considered potatoes like Mark Watney, ”he said. “But the fact was that I couldn’t necessarily get the data I wanted out of them. ” He wanted to be able to measure plant growth as it occurred throughout his experiment. Since potatoes grow underground, he’d only be able to collect data once they were done growing. In the end, Mendoza chose to grow English peas because they’re self-pollinating(自花传粉), grow fairly quickly and he can see the shoots climb. Martian soil, though it does contain other essential nutrients, isn’t exactly ideal for plants from Earth. It tends to be rocky and lacks the right organic (有机 的)matter. Here’s where the larvae come in. Mendoza turned to the larvae of black soldier flies, which produce a waste known as frass. “They can break down almost any biomatter and turn it into really useful matter, “Mendoza said. “And then you can use the frass as a nutrient alternative to soil.” For this experiment, Mendoza mixed different percentages of simulated Martian soil and frass to see what best supported growing English pea plants. Now, he said he’s seeing growth across all his plants—even the ones growing in 100%simulated Martian soil. 28. Why does the author mention the film The Martian? A. To show Mendoza’s enthusiasm for films. B. To illustrate Mark Watney’s intelligence. C. To prove Mark Watney’s interest in gardening. D. To introduce the origin of Mendoza’s experiment. 29. Why did Mendoza grow English peas instead of potatoes? A. He was unwilling to repeat others’ study. B. English peas grew far faster than potatoes . C. Potatoes needed stricter living conditions. D. It was more convenient to collect the data. 30. What is the function of frass? A. It serves as certain essential nutrients. B. It loosens the soil for plants to grow. C. It makes the soil become quite rocky. D. It helps black soldier flies grow stronger. 31. How does Mendoza feel about his experiment results? A. Doubtful. B. Pleased. C. Intolerant. D. Disappointed. D A new study on how whales behaved when attacked by humans in the 19th century shows how they might react to changes caused by humans in the 21st century. The paper is authored by scientists Hal Whitehead and Luke Rendell, and their research addresses an age-old question: if whales are so smart, why did they hang around to be killed? The answer? They didn’t. Using newly digitized whaling records detailing the hunting of sperm whales (抹香鲸) in the Pacific, the authors discovered that within just a few years, the strike rate of the whalers’ tools fell by 58%. This simple fact leads to a shocking conclusion: that information about what was happening to them was being collectively shared among the whales, who made essential changes to their behavior. Before humans, orca (虎鲸) were sperm whales’ only hunters, against whom sperm whales form protective circles, their powerful tails held outwards to keep orca away. But such methods “just made it easier for the hunters to kill them,” says Whitehead. It was a frighteningly rapid killing. Sperm whales are highly socialized animals, able to communicate over great distances. They also have the largest brain on the planet. It is not hard to imagine that they understood what was happening to them. Giving up their usual formations, the whales swam upwind to escape the hunters’ wind-powered ships. “This was cultural evolution, much faster than genetic evolution,” says Whitehead. Now, just as whales are beginning to recover from the industrial damage, they face new threats. “They’re having to learn not to get hit by ships, adapt to the changing sources of their food due to climate change, and deal with noise pollution,” says Whitehead. As Whitehead observes, whale culture is many millions of years older than ours. Perhaps we need to learn from them. After all, it was the whales that inspired Herman Melville to produce Moby-Dick. “We account the whale immortal (永恒的) in his species, however short-lived in individuality,” he wrote, “and if ever the world is to be again flooded... then the whale will still survive…” 32. What is the focus of the new study? A. How whales communicate with each other. B. The impact of human activities on whale populations. C. The evolution of whale species over millions of years. D. How whales reacted to human attacks in the 19th century. 33. What caused the sharp drop in whalers’ successful strikes on sperm whales? A. Whale numbers fell. B. Weather conditions worsened. C. Whales changed their behaviour. D. Demands for whale products decreased. 34. What does “cultural evolution” mean in paragraph 5? A. A slow process of change. B. Genetic changes over time. C. Natural selection in the real world. D. Quick learning and adaptation. 35. What does the author intend to express in the last paragraph? A. Humans should respect and learn from whales. B. Whales have a deep connection with the ocean. C. Whales can adapt to changing environment rapidly. D. Whale culture is more advanced than human culture. 第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Asking for help can feel scary. We may worry that the request will be rejected or that it will be a burden to the helper.____36____ And afterward, they often feel better about having helped than we expect. Scientists conducted a series of six experiments. Altogether, more than 2,100 people were involved in the research. In one experiment, participants had to ask strangers to take their photo at a public botanical garden. In another, participants answered questions about times when they had either asked for or given help. Researchers had the “askers” guess how the “helpers” might feel about the request.____37____ In each experiment, people who asked for help underestimated the helpers’ willingness to assist and how good they would feel afterward.____38____However, only four out of 100 people refused to take the photo, and those who did take one said they felt relatively good about doing this helpful act for a stranger. ____39____ Aiding others can create what is known as a “helper’s high”, reducing stress and providing a sense of meaning and connection. “We feel good making a positive difference in other people’s lives,” said Xuan Zhao, coauthor of the new study. Despite these benefits, the study authors said that askers’ fears functioned like “barriers”, stopping them from making a request. They noted that the type of request and cultural differences could affect the way people react. The study’s results suggest, however, that people are usually happy to lend a hand.____40____ Zhao said this research should provide some reassurance because “you might be really underestimating how willing others are to help.” A. The askers expressed rather different opinions. B. Then they asked the helpers how they actually felt. C. Studies show that helping someone out makes both feel good. D. Past research has shown that doing kind acts can boost people’s health. E. But new research shows that people are more willing to help out than we think. F. Experts say that if asking for help feels uncomfortable, it can be useful to practice. G. For example, askers expected strangers to feel inconvenienced by a request to take a photo. 第三部分 语言运用(共二节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 2016, Yu Yongguang, a teacher at the Jiangsu University, saw a Yangtze finless porpoise (江豚) for the first time in a newspaper. He found himself ____41____ by the “smile” of the porpoise. Two months later, Yu set up an on-campus association (协会) to protect the species in ____42____. At first, there were only seven members. In recent years, his efforts have ____43____, and the association now has about 750 members. ____44____, thanks to close partnership with universities, government and non-profit organizations, the association has succeeded in ____45____ about 8,000 volunteers to contribute to the cute species’ ____46____. With the development of the association, its work has gone far beyond ____47____ simple publicity activities. Under Yu’s leadership, his team members ____48____ the country’s first popular science book about the finless porpoise. They have also drew up various designs for a science popularization curriculum (科普课程) ____49____ different groups of people. In addition, he has also _____50_____ his team to the major habitats of the porpoise to conduct scientific study and environmental recording. Based on this work, the team has written a series of reports that include _____51_____ suggestions on improving the habitat protection work. At present, the number of Yangtze finless porpoises is growing _____52_____ and stands at around 1,000. Yu said he never imagined that the small association he _____53_____ would unite so many forces to protect the animals. He believes that the _____54_____ of different parts of society together will see the number of finless porpoises continue to _____55_____, and will also help the environment along the Yangtze River to improve continually. 41. A. attacked B. frightened C. attracted D. cheated 42. A. safety B. use C. silence D. danger 43. A. taken on B. paid off C. broken down D. showed up 44. A. Also B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However 45. A. ordering B. promising C. encouraging D. warning 46. A. performance B. protection C. action D. popularity 47. A. organizing B. announcing C. shortening D. canceling 48. A. lost B. published C. bought D. read 49. A. observing B. fooling C. shaping D. targeting 50. A. forced B. limited C. led D. compared 51. A. research-based B. narrow-minded C. plant-related D. imagination-focused 52. A. strangely B. terribly C. smoothly D. dangerously 53. A. joined B. trusted C. missed D. established 54. A. efforts B. dreams C. opinions D. demands 55. A. pass B. rise C. drop D. stay 第二节 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Wetlands Day, celebrated annually on February 2nd, aims to raise global awareness about the important role of wetlands for people and our planet. World Wetlands Day ___56___ (adopt) by the United Nations in 2021. It makes efforts ___57___ (realize) the long Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and deal with global issues related to climate and biodiversity (生物多样性) challenges. Now with seven years left for the SDGs, the UN is calling again to restore wetlands. This year’s theme is “Time for Wetland Restoration,” ___58___ brings to attention the rapid loss of wetland systems worldwide. In just 50 years, 35% of the world’s wetlands ___59___ (lose) since 1970. Wetlands are disappearing three times ___60___ (fast) than forests and are Earth’s most ___61___ (threaten) ecosystem. Human activities that lead to loss of wetlands include construction, pollution, overfishing and so on. It is ___62___ opportunity for us to rethink and change how humans impact the environment. While wetlands cover just 6% of the earth’s surface, they are home ___63___ about 40% of the world’s plant and animal species. Wetlands provide people with food and water, offering natural protection and ___64___ (serve) many other important functions. Huge changes are needed to solve the climate and biodiversity crisis, yet there are small things we can all do to keep our wetlands and our wildlife ____65____ (health). 第三节 单句填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）（课文原题） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 66. What ________ amazing first day in Rio! (用适当的词填空) 67. Indeed, the whole family could not be _____________(happy) to be together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 68. On their arrival, they found Luo’s parents eagerly ________ (wait) for them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. As midnight approaches, Luo Yan takes her parents, wife and son outside to set ________ firecrackers. (用适当的词填空) 70. There were hundreds of guests, all ________ (dress) up in formal, colourful clothes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 71. I didn’t understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep ________ (impress) on me. (所给词的适当形式填空) 72. The customs that followed were anything ________ ordinary. (用适当的词填空) 73. In the warmth and ________ (comfortable) of the room, Luo Yan talks about his plan for the future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 74. My parents ________ (get) old, and we should spend more time with them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 75. I was so caught up in the party fever ______ I hardly noticed five hours fly by!(用适当的词填空) 76. ________(experience) the spirit of the Carnival for myself, I went to a street party. (所给词的适当形式填空) 77. I could feel it already — the Carnival was in ________ air!(用适当的词填空) 78. Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer ________ (line) the narrow streets. (所给词的适当形式填空) 79. ________ the cold outside, their happy faces fill the air with warmth while merry laughter rings throughout the house. (用适当的词填空) 80. Their home has been ________ (special) decorated for the joyous occasion. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节 单词拼写（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）（课本改编） 请根据句意和括号内的中文提示，写出句中所缺单词，每空一词。 81. It is important to ________ (维持) a balanced diet to keep healthy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 82. The football player suffered a serious ________ (受伤) in the match and had to leave the field. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 83. Don’t ________ (犹豫) to ask for help when you meet difficulties in your study. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 84. The brave scientist’s story continues to ________ (激励) young people to pursue their dreams. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 85. The teacher nodded with ________ (满意) after reading the students’ wonderful compositions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 86. A truck is a large ________ (交通工具) used for carrying heavy goods from one place to another. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 87. The local government is trying to ________ (促进) the development of green tourism in this area. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 88. Online shopping is very ________ (方便) because it saves us a lot of time and energy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 89. We can ________ (观察) the stars clearly on a clear night with no clouds in the sky. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 90. Time is the most ________ (珍贵的) thing in our life, so we should make full use of it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分）课文改编 91. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，学校将于12月31晚7点在学校大礼堂举办元旦文艺晚会（New Year’s Day Gala）。请你以学生会的名义，用英语写一则通知，内容包括： 1. 晚会的时间、地点； 2. 晚会的主要内容（节目形式等）； 3. 参与须知（入场要求等）。 注意： 1. 写作词数应在80词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice Dear teachers and students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第一学期第二次素质检测 高一英语试卷 （考试时间150分钟，试卷满分150分,命题人：） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the man sound? A. Casual. B. Pleased. C. Concerned. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Dad, look! I can climb the stairs now! M: Oh my God, sweetheart! Be careful not to trip on the steps. Your legs haven’t fully recovered yet. And the doctor advised you to avoid unnecessary movements. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman likely to do? A. Watch a TV drama. B. Drink orange juice. C. Buy some bread. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: You’ve come back just in time. The TV drama is about to start. W: I don’t feel like watching TV. I’m dying of thirst. M: There happens to be some fresh orange juice in the fridge. When you go to get it, please bring some bread for me. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the man hand in his application? A. This Wednesday. B. This Thursday. C. This Friday. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Are you going to apply to lead the new project? The application deadline is this Friday. M: I’m still hesitating. W: It’s already Wednesday. Remember, he who hesitates is lost. If you haven’t applied by Friday, you’ll miss the chance. M: You’re right. I’ll hand in my application tomorrow. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the conversation mainly about? A. Jenny’s new home. B. Weekend plans. C. A city library. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Jenny, I heard you moved house last weekend. What kind of place are you living in now? W: It’s just a little flat, right next to the City Library. I really love the kitchen. M: Oh, that area is nice and quiet. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who might the woman be? A. An animal doctor. B. A dog trainer. C. A security guard. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, sir, your dog isn’t on a lead. It’s against the rules of our park. M: Oh, sorry. I wanted to train my dog to catch the frisbee. W: I understand, but dogs without a lead can be a threat to the safety of visitors. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the woman think of naming spiders after pop songs? A. It’s strange. B. It’s attractive. C. It’s misleading. 7. What was the deep-sea creature named after in 2019? A. A character in a novel. B. A Chinese poet. C. An ancient poem. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: It’s said that a researcher named 16 newly discovered spiders after some pop songs. M: Really? Naming spiders after pop songs seems strange. W: I disagree. I think it’s an appealing way of naming spiders. It can draw public attention to science. In fact, combining science with culture and art is a trend among researchers, especially younger ones. For example, in 2019, a deep-sea creature was named after the character Dorothea from the novel Don Quixote. M: I know a new insect species was named after the Chinese poet Su Shi in 2024. But I think such names might cause misunderstandings. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. Why does the girl talk to the man? A. To ask for permission. B. To make an invitation. C. To discuss the spring-cleaning. 9. What do we know about Jim Brown? A. He lives on the same block as the speakers. B. He added a photo in the man’s notebook. C. He provides medical service for the army. 10. Which of the man’s dreams has come true? A. Being a college teacher. B. Learning to fly a plane. C. Travelling around Europe. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Uncle Ian, Grandma and I found this old notebook during the spring-cleaning. She said it was yours. Can I open it? M: Sure, it’s my high school classmate-record-book. It contains my classmates’ contact information, photos, messages, etc. W: Sounds fun! Can we go through it together? M: Of course. W: Good! The first page is about Jim Brown. He wrote so many messages! M: Yes. He was my deskmate. Now he’s an army medical doctor. W: That’s cool! Let’s move on to the next page. This one is about Anna Smith. She even added a photo of herself. She looks so familiar. I think I’ve seen her somewhere. M: You might have, because she lives on the same block as us. W: No wonder! She wrote, “I hope you achieve your three wishes: to become a college teacher, to learn to fly a plane, and to travel around Europe.” M: So far, I’ve only achieved the first one. W: There’s always time for the other two wishes. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Why did Alisa go to the dentist last Saturday? A. To get a tooth pulled out. B. To get a tooth filled. C. To get a check-up. 12. What did Eric buy last Saturday? A. A pair of trousers. B. A T-shirt. C. A tie. 13. What did Alisa do last Sunday? A. She watched a comedy. B. She took a cycling tour. C. She ate Italian dishes. 【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Alisa, how was your weekend? W: Eric and I had a busy weekend. At noon on Saturday, we had Italian dishes with Eric’s family at the restaurant you recommended. M: That restaurant really has some great dishes. W: Yes, it does. In the late afternoon, I went to the dentist. M: Why did you go to the dentist again? To have a tooth pulled out or get a filling? W: Neither, I just had a check-up this time. One of my teeth on the right side ached when I drank cold water. I got an X-ray, and the doctor said the tooth was just sensitive and there wasn’t a big problem. M: That’s good to hear. What did you do on Saturday night? W: We went to see a stand-up comedy. After that, we went shopping. Eric bought a tie, and I tried on some T-shirts and trousers, but I didn’t find anything I liked. M: What did you do the next day? W: We spent a whole day going on a bike trip in the countryside. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What does the man usually do to reduce pressure? A. Go jogging. B. Practice yoga. C. Read comic books. 15. Which of the following instruments does the woman like best? A. The guitar. B. The handpan. C. The Chinese guqin. 16. Where did the woman probably first experience sound healing? A. In a tea room. B. In a yoga studio. C. In a sound therapy center. 【答案】14. A 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: What do you usually do when you feel stressed? M: I usually jog five kilometers. I think jogging is an escape from the pressure of my life. W: I tried doing yoga and reading comic books to reduce stress before, but they didn’t help much. Fortunately, I discovered a very effective way to reduce stress — sound healing. M: Sound healing? Can you be more specific? W: Simply speaking, it’s healing through sound. A sound therapist uses instruments to produce sounds from nature to relax people. M: What kind of instruments are usually used? W: There are guitars, the Chinese guqin, gongs and handpans. Among them, I enjoy the Chinese guqin the most. M: Where can you experience sound healing? W: I currently go to a sound therapy center. In addition, some yoga studios and tea rooms also offer sound healing. I first experienced sound healing during a yoga class. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How many people had their library accounts unblocked according to Jason Homer? A. About 400. B. About 300. C. About 200. 18. How did the 7-year-old boy get his library card working again? A. By drawing a picture of a cat. B. By showing a photograph of his cat. C. By donating a magazine about cats. 19. Why did the Worcester Public Library introduce the program March Meowness? A. To figure out the number of lost library items. B. To catch the public’s attention on cat adoption. C. To encourage people to go back to the library. 20. What borrowed items did Julie lose? A. Books. B. DVDs. C. CDs. 【答案】17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【原文】W: The Worcester Public Library announced that through the end of March, people who have lost or damaged a book or other borrowed items can bring a photograph, drawing or magazine clipping of a cat, and make their library cards work again without paying fines. The library called the program March Meowness, a way to forgive people who lost or damaged borrowed items by accident. Jason Homer, the executive director of the library, said in an interview on Monday that about 400 people had their library accounts unblocked and could borrow books again after bringing in their pictures or drawings of cats. In one case, a catless 7-year-old boy, who lost the book Captain Underpants, had his library card work again after the staff gave him paper and a pencil to draw a cat. Like many public libraries in the United States, the Worcester Public Library is trying to encourage people to return there after the pandemic. The library had previously tried to raise the number of visitors with canned food drives. The library staff held meetings for several months to come up with different creative ways to get people back through the library doors. After these meetings, the Meowness program took shape. While the library had previously stopped charging fines for late returns, many people who faced fees for lost items simply stayed away. One woman named Julie, who had lost library DVDs by accident, regained access to her account with a photograph of a cat. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In today’s fast-paced digital world, many of us struggle with distraction and burnout. It’s challenging to stay focused and productive with constant interruptions and the pressure to manage multiple tasks. Therefore we bring to you — The Sukha app. Sukha is a productivity-boosting focus app that helps you complete tasks more efficiently by providing tools that promote focus and community support. This productivity software silences distractions (干扰), plays focus music, and starts a pomodoro timer (番茄计时器) with just a click. Sukha ensures you stay on track and finish your work faster. Features of Sukha Phone Distraction Elimination (消除) Silence distractions and create a best work environment to ensure you stay focused on the task at hand, minimizing interruptions and increasing efficiency. The next time you pick up your smartphone, the screen will automatically start flashing to keep you away from it. Focus Music ● Offers a selection of focus music tracks that help you get into the flow and maintain your concentration for longer periods. Community Integration ● Work alongside friends and people around the world. ● Feel part of a supportive community by seeing others working in real time, providing motivation and reducing the sense of isolation (孤立). Sukha VS Other Productivity Apps There are many other productivity apps. They are also simple and easy to use and set up. While these types of tools offer different features, they tend to work in isolation. However, Sukha takes a unique approach. With Sukha, your needs are met in one place. You can integrate other apps into the platform. For example, by adding your Calendar, you ensure that you’re on time for any upcoming online meetings. Productivity isn’t limited to the platform but extends to integrated apps. You have a complete system to work smarter. This doesn’t happen elsewhere but within Sukha. Sukha Pricing We are excited to announce that Sukha now offers a 14-day free trial for all new users. After the conclusion of your 14-day trial, you will be automatically moved to the Basic Plan at no cost. However, if you wish to continue with the Pro Subscription, you need to pay $10 per month. If you have any questions regarding the Sukha Pro Subscription or the 14-day trial version, please do not hesitate to get in touch with our support team at support@centered.app. So, what are you waiting for? 21. What is the aim of Sukha? A. To create focus music. B. To produce novel ideas. C. To enhance working efficiency. D. To unite a whole community. 22. What is unique to Sukha? A. It’s easy to use and set up. B. It provides different features. C. It can minimize interruptions. D. It works together with other apps. 23. How will Sukha charge users after the trial period? A. Users will continue to have access to all features for free. B. Users will be charged a one-time fee of 10 after the trial. C. Users will be charged 10 per month for the Pro Subscription. D. Users will automatically be moved to the Pro Subscription at no cost. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款提高工作效率的应用程序Sukha的情况。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Sukha is a productivity-boosting focus app that helps you complete tasks more efficiently by providing tools that promote focus and community support.(Sukha是一款提高工作效率的专注应用程序，通过提供促进专注和社区支持的工具，帮助你更有效地完成任务)”可知，Sukha的目的是提高工作效率。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“However, Sukha takes a unique approach. With Sukha, your needs are met in one place. You can integrate other apps into the platform.(然而，Sukha采用了一种独特的方法。有了Sukha，你的需求在一个地方得到满足。你可以将其他应用程序集成到平台中)”可知，Sukha的特别之处是它能与其他应用程序一起工作。故选D。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“However, if you wish to continue with the Pro Subscription, you need to pay $10 per month.(但是，如果你希望继续使用Pro订阅，则需要每月支付10美元)”可知，试用期结束后，用户将收取每月10美元的专业订阅费用。故选C。 B In my early teens, I was once given a film camera as a gift . On receiving it, I jumped on my bike, headed to Wimbledon Common and took photos, just for me: photos of trees and wildlife. I was out all day. On my way home I spotted a tree lit up by street lighting and tried to capture its beauty. Rushing home, I put the spent film in a special little envelope and sent it off to a photography store, desperate to see how it would come out. I took many photos then and loved the fact that when you processed your film you got back colour photos which froze the precious moments, gently encouraging the hobby and the payments for processing. As I grew into adulthood, that simple, deep happiness gradually faded away. One weekend when I was busy answering the work calls, my eyes caught a box in the corner of the room. I suddenly felt a sense of sadness. The stress growing over these years had pushed the camera from beside my pillow to the box in the corner. I thought I needed a change. I took out the camera and dusted it down. It was a great joy that it still worked. I bought new film and took the camera everywhere I went. Now it is always on hand to accompany me on journeys, to allow me time to myself. Even if the day is full and busy, I can seize some moments for myself to take photos, to observe the world around me. The wall of my room now holds all my camera equipment on display, along with photos I've taken. To me, the room represents how I’ve found happiness: by reconnecting to the younger part of myself I laid aside, by allowing room in my life for pleasure to exist, and by creating an environment that allows opportunities for delight. 24. What did the author think of taking photos as a young boy? A. Inspiring and practical. B. Tiring yet delightful. C. Exciting and worthwhile. D. Difficult yet engaging. 25. Why did the author stop taking photos according to paragraph 2? A. He wanted to focus on his work. B. He was struck by sudden sorrow. C. He attempted to behave like an adult. D. He was faced with increasing pressure. 26. What did the author get from picking up his hobby? A. More fun in the daily routine. B. New journeys in the wild. C. Better skills of observation. D. Different styles of photography. 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Revisiting Lost Childhood Memories B. Appreciating Beauty Behind the Lens C. Escaping Teenage Sadness with Camera D. Regaining Pleasure Through Photography 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候很喜欢拍照，后来作者的压力越来越大，这使得他放弃了拍照，偶然间作者看到了角落里的照相机，作者重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“I took many photos then and loved the fact that when you processed your film you got back colour photos which froze the precious moments, gently encouraging the hobby and the payments for processing. (那时我拍了很多照片，当你冲洗你的胶卷时，你会得到彩色照片，这一事实让我很高兴，它冻结了那些珍贵的时刻，温柔地鼓励了我的爱好和为冲洗而支付的费用。)”可推断，对于作者小时候拍照这件事，作者觉得这是令人兴奋且值得的。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The stress growing over these years had pushed the camera from beside my pillow to the box in the corner. (这些年来不断增长的压力把相机从我的枕头旁推到了角落里的盒子里。)”可知，作者面临的压力越来越大，这使得作者停止了拍照。故选D。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Even if the day is full and busy, I can seize some moments for myself to take photos, to observe the world around me. (即使一天很满很忙，我也能抓住一些时间给自己拍照，观察周围的世界。)”和第四段中的“To me, the room represents how I’ve found happiness: by reconnecting to the younger part of myself I laid aside, by allowing room in my life for pleasure to exist, and by creating an environment that allows opportunities for delight. (对我来说，这个房间代表了我是如何找到幸福的：通过重新连接我搁置的年轻的自己，通过在我的生活中为快乐留出空间，通过创造一个允许快乐机会的环境。)”可知，作者通过重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。故选A。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“To me, the room represents how I’ve found happiness: by reconnecting to the younger part of myself I laid aside, by allowing room in my life for pleasure to exist, and by creating an environment that allows opportunities for delight. (对我来说，这个房间代表了我是如何找到幸福的：通过重新连接我搁置的年轻的自己，通过在我的生活中为快乐留出空间，通过创造一个允许快乐机会的环境。)”可知，文章讲述了作者小时候很喜欢拍照，后来作者的压力越来越大，这使得他放弃了拍照，偶然间作者看到了角落里的照相机，作者重新开始拍照，在繁忙的日程中获得了乐趣。所以D项“Regaining Pleasure Through Photography (通过摄影重新获得乐趣)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 C Emmanuel Mendoza, a college student, is currently running a study at Texas A&M University, where he’s mixing simulated (模拟的)Martian (火星的) soil and frass(粪便)from fly larvae(幼虫)to find just the right recipe for growing plants on Mars. The seed of this idea was planted when Mendoza was in middle school, watching Ridley Scott’s 2015 film The Martian, in which Mark Watney becomes stuck on the planet and grows potatoes to survive. “That got me really interested in what nutrients or what soil structure Martian soil has that we could potentially take advantage of, ”Mendoza said. Now, he’s running an experiment growing English peas in simulated Martian soil. “I definitely considered potatoes like Mark Watney, ”he said. “But the fact was that I couldn’t necessarily get the data I wanted out of them. ” He wanted to be able to measure plant growth as it occurred throughout his experiment. Since potatoes grow underground, he’d only be able to collect data once they were done growing. In the end, Mendoza chose to grow English peas because they’re self-pollinating(自花传粉), grow fairly quickly and he can see the shoots climb. Martian soil, though it does contain other essential nutrients, isn’t exactly ideal for plants from Earth. It tends to be rocky and lacks the right organic (有机 的)matter. Here’s where the larvae come in. Mendoza turned to the larvae of black soldier flies, which produce a waste known as frass. “They can break down almost any biomatter and turn it into really useful matter, “Mendoza said. “And then you can use the frass as a nutrient alternative to soil.” For this experiment, Mendoza mixed different percentages of simulated Martian soil and frass to see what best supported growing English pea plants. Now, he said he’s seeing growth across all his plants—even the ones growing in 100%simulated Martian soil. 28. Why does the author mention the film The Martian? A. To show Mendoza’s enthusiasm for films. B. To illustrate Mark Watney’s intelligence. C. To prove Mark Watney’s interest in gardening. D. To introduce the origin of Mendoza’s experiment. 29. Why did Mendoza grow English peas instead of potatoes? A. He was unwilling to repeat others’ study. B. English peas grew far faster than potatoes . C. Potatoes needed stricter living conditions. D. It was more convenient to collect the data. 30. What is the function of frass? A. It serves as certain essential nutrients. B. It loosens the soil for plants to grow. C. It makes the soil become quite rocky. D. It helps black soldier flies grow stronger. 31. How does Mendoza feel about his experiment results? A. Doubtful. B. Pleased. C. Intolerant. D. Disappointed. 【答案】28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了大学生Emmanuel Mendoza在德克萨斯农工大学进行的关于在火星上种植植物的实验。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知“The seed of this idea was planted when Mendoza was in middle school, watching Ridley Scott’s 2015 film The Martian, in which Mark Watney becomes stuck on the planet and grows potatoes to survive. “That got me really interested in what nutrients or what soil structure Martian soil has that we could potentially take advantage of, ”Mendoza said. (这个想法的种子是在Mendoza上中学时种下的，当时他正在观看雷德利·斯科特（Ridley Scott）2015 年的电影《火星救援》，其中马克·沃特尼（Mark Watney）被困在地球上并种植土豆以求生存。“这让我对火星土壤有哪些养分或土壤结构非常感兴趣，我们可以利用这些养分或土壤结构，”Mendoza说。)”可知，提到电影《火星救援》是为了介绍Mendoza实验的起源，即他在中学时期观看电影激发了他对火星土壤的兴趣。故选D项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“He wanted to be able to measure plant growth as it occurred throughout his experiment. Since potatoes grow underground, he’d only be able to collect data once they were done growing. In the end, Mendoza chose to grow English peas because they’re self-pollinating(自花传粉), grow fairly quickly and he can see the shoots climb. (他希望能够在整个实验过程中测量植物的生长情况。由于马铃薯生长在地下，他只有在马铃薯种植完成后才能收集数据。最后，Mendoza选择种植英国豌豆，因为它们是自花授粉的，生长得相当快，他可以看到枝条攀升。)”可知，Mendoza选择种植英式豌豆而不是土豆是因为他希望能够在实验过程中不断测量植物的生长情况，而土豆生长在地下，只能在它们生长完成后才能收集数据，而英式豌豆具有自花传粉的特性，生长相对较快，他可以看到豌豆的嫩芽生长。故选D项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Mendoza turned to the larvae of black soldier flies, which produce a waste known as frass. “They can break down almost any biomatter and turn it into really useful matter, “Mendoza said. “And then you can use the frass as a nutrient alternative to soil.” (Mendoza转向黑水虻的幼虫，它们会产生一种称为frass的废物。“他们几乎可以分解任何生物物质，并将其转化为真正有用的物质，”Mendoza说。然后你可以用碎屑作为土壤的营养替代品。)”可知，frass是黑蚁虻幼虫产生的废物，它可以将几乎任何生物质分解并转化为非常有用的物质。因此，frass可以作为土壤的营养替代物。故选A项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now, he said he’s seeing growth across all his plants—even the ones growing in 100%simulated Martian soil. (现在，他说他看到了他所有植物的生长，甚至是那些在100%模拟火星土壤中生长的植物。)”可知，Mendoza对自己的实验结果感到高兴，因为他的所有植物都在生长，甚至包括在100%模拟火星土壤中生长的植物。故选B项。 D A new study on how whales behaved when attacked by humans in the 19th century shows how they might react to changes caused by humans in the 21st century. The paper is authored by scientists Hal Whitehead and Luke Rendell, and their research addresses an age-old question: if whales are so smart, why did they hang around to be killed? The answer? They didn’t. Using newly digitized whaling records detailing the hunting of sperm whales (抹香鲸) in the Pacific, the authors discovered that within just a few years, the strike rate of the whalers’ tools fell by 58%. This simple fact leads to a shocking conclusion: that information about what was happening to them was being collectively shared among the whales, who made essential changes to their behavior. Before humans, orca (虎鲸) were sperm whales’ only hunters, against whom sperm whales form protective circles, their powerful tails held outwards to keep orca away. But such methods “just made it easier for the hunters to kill them,” says Whitehead. It was a frighteningly rapid killing. Sperm whales are highly socialized animals, able to communicate over great distances. They also have the largest brain on the planet. It is not hard to imagine that they understood what was happening to them. Giving up their usual formations, the whales swam upwind to escape the hunters’ wind-powered ships. “This was cultural evolution, much faster than genetic evolution,” says Whitehead. Now, just as whales are beginning to recover from the industrial damage, they face new threats. “They’re having to learn not to get hit by ships, adapt to the changing sources of their food due to climate change, and deal with noise pollution,” says Whitehead. As Whitehead observes, whale culture is many millions of years older than ours. Perhaps we need to learn from them. After all, it was the whales that inspired Herman Melville to produce Moby-Dick. “We account the whale immortal (永恒的) in his species, however short-lived in individuality,” he wrote, “and if ever the world is to be again flooded... then the whale will still survive…” 32. What is the focus of the new study? A. How whales communicate with each other. B. The impact of human activities on whale populations. C. The evolution of whale species over millions of years. D. How whales reacted to human attacks in the 19th century. 33. What caused the sharp drop in whalers’ successful strikes on sperm whales? A. Whale numbers fell. B. Weather conditions worsened. C. Whales changed their behaviour. D. Demands for whale products decreased. 34. What does “cultural evolution” mean in paragraph 5? A. A slow process of change. B. Genetic changes over time. C. Natural selection in the real world. D. Quick learning and adaptation. 35. What does the author intend to express in the last paragraph? A. Humans should respect and learn from whales. B. Whales have a deep connection with the ocean. C. Whales can adapt to changing environment rapidly. D. Whale culture is more advanced than human culture. 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项关于 19 世纪抹香鲸如何应对人类捕杀的新研究，揭示了鲸鱼通过社会学习快速改变行为以适应环境威胁的能力，并呼吁人类向鲸鱼学习。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study on how whales behaved when attacked by humans in the 19th century shows how they might react to changes caused by humans in the 21st century.( 一项关于鲸鱼在19世纪受到人类攻击时的行为的新研究表明，它们可能会对21世纪人类造成的变化做出反应。)”可知，这项新研究的重点是 19 世纪鲸鱼在受到人类攻击时的行为反应。故选D项。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Using newly digitized whaling records detailing the hunting of sperm whales (抹香鲸) in the Pacific, the authors discovered that within just a few years, the strike rate of the whalers’ tools fell by 58%. This simple fact leads to a shocking conclusion: that information about what was happening to them was being collectively shared among the whales, who made essential changes to their behavior.( 利用最新的数字化捕鲸记录，详细记录了太平洋上抹香鲸的捕杀情况，作者发现，在短短几年内，捕鲸者的工具撞击率下降了58%。这个简单的事实导致了一个令人震惊的结论：关于发生在它们身上的事情的信息被鲸鱼集体分享，它们对自己的行为做出了根本性的改变。)”可知，捕鲸者的捕获率下降是因为鲸鱼之间共享了信息，并对行为做出了根本性的改变。故选C项。 【34题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中“It is not hard to imagine that they understood what was happening to them. Giving up their usual formations, the whales swam upwind to escape the hunters’ wind-powered ships.( 不难想象，他们明白发生在他们身上的事情。鲸鱼放弃了惯常的队形，迎风游动，躲避猎人的风力船。)”可知，鲸鱼放弃了原来的防御阵型，改为逆风游动以躲避风力驱动的船只。怀特黑德说这是“cultural evolution, much faster than genetic evolution”（文化进化，比基因进化快得多）。这里的“文化进化”指的是鲸鱼通过社会学习（互相交流经验）快速适应环境变化的过程，而不是生物基因上的改变。故选D项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As Whitehead observes, whale culture is many millions of years older than ours. Perhaps we need to learn from them.( 正如怀特黑德所观察到的，鲸鱼文化比我们的文明早了数百万年。)”以及引用梅尔维尔的话强调鲸鱼的生命力和永恒性，作者的意图是表达人类应该尊重鲸鱼，并从它们身上学习。故选A项。 第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Asking for help can feel scary. We may worry that the request will be rejected or that it will be a burden to the helper.____36____ And afterward, they often feel better about having helped than we expect. Scientists conducted a series of six experiments. Altogether, more than 2,100 people were involved in the research. In one experiment, participants had to ask strangers to take their photo at a public botanical garden. In another, participants answered questions about times when they had either asked for or given help. Researchers had the “askers” guess how the “helpers” might feel about the request.____37____ In each experiment, people who asked for help underestimated the helpers’ willingness to assist and how good they would feel afterward.____38____However, only four out of 100 people refused to take the photo, and those who did take one said they felt relatively good about doing this helpful act for a stranger. ____39____ Aiding others can create what is known as a “helper’s high”, reducing stress and providing a sense of meaning and connection. “We feel good making a positive difference in other people’s lives,” said Xuan Zhao, coauthor of the new study. Despite these benefits, the study authors said that askers’ fears functioned like “barriers”, stopping them from making a request. They noted that the type of request and cultural differences could affect the way people react. The study’s results suggest, however, that people are usually happy to lend a hand.____40____ Zhao said this research should provide some reassurance because “you might be really underestimating how willing others are to help.” A. The askers expressed rather different opinions. B. Then they asked the helpers how they actually felt. C. Studies show that helping someone out makes both feel good. D. Past research has shown that doing kind acts can boost people’s health. E. But new research shows that people are more willing to help out than we think. F. Experts say that if asking for help feels uncomfortable, it can be useful to practice. G. For example, askers expected strangers to feel inconvenienced by a request to take a photo. 【答案】36. E 37. B 38. G 39. D 40. F 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。文章讲述了科学家们进行了一系列实验，参与者必须要求陌生人在公共植物园拍照。要么请求帮助，要么给予帮助。而研究的结果表明，人们通常乐于伸出援手。 【36题详解】 由前文“We may worry that the request will be rejected or that it will be a burden to the helper. (我们可能会担心请求会被拒绝，或者会给帮助者带来负担。)”和后文“And afterward,they often feel better about having helped than we expect. (之后，他们往往对帮助的感觉比我们预期的要好。)”可知，横线处的句子要承上启下，由担心会被拒绝到比预期效果要好可以推测横线处的句子表示转折，E选项的but符合语境。故选E项。 【37题详解】 由前文“In another,participants answered questions about times when they had either asked for or given help.Researchers had the “askers” guess how the “helpers” might feel about the request. (在另一项研究中，参与者回答了有关他们何时请求或给予帮助的问题。研究人员让“提问者”猜测“帮助者”对请求的感受。)”可知，横线处的句子要与之承接，B选项的helpers与上文的helpers对应，符合语境。故选B项。 【38题详解】 由前文“In each experiment,people who asked for help underestimated the helpers’willingness to assist and how good they would feel afterward. (在每个实验中，寻求帮助的人都低估了帮助者的意愿以及他们之后的感觉有多好。)”和后文“However,only four out of 100 people refused to take the photo,and those who did take one said they felt relatively good about doing this helpful act for a stranger. (然而，100人中只有4人拒绝拍照，而那些拍照的人说，他们觉得为陌生人做这个有用的行为相对较好。)”可知，横线处的句子承上启下，G选项的a request to take a photo与后文的 refused to take the photo相对应，符合语境。故选G项。 【39题详解】 由后文“Aiding others can create what is known as a “helper’s high,“ reducing stress and providing a sense of meaning and connection. (帮助他人可以创造所谓的“帮助者的快感”，减轻压力并提供意义感和联系感。)”可知，横线处的句子要能够引出下文，D选项的boost people’s health和后文的reducing stress and providing a sense of meaning and connection相对应，符合语境。故选D项。 【40题详解】 由最后一段首句“Despite these benefits, the study authors said that askers’ fears functioned like “barriers,” stopping them from making a request. (尽管有这些好处，研究作者说，提问者的恐惧就像“障碍”一样，阻止他们提出要求。)”和前文“The study’s results suggest, however, that people are usually happy to lend a hand. (然而，该研究的结果表明，人们通常乐于伸出援手。)”和后文“Zhao said this research should provide some reassurance because “you might be really underestimating how willing others are to help.” (赵说，这项研究应该提供一些保证，因为“你可能真的低估了别人提供帮助的意愿。”)”可知，横线出的句子起着承上启下的作用，要与提问者的恐惧以及帮助者乐于提供帮助相关，F选项符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共二节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 2016, Yu Yongguang, a teacher at the Jiangsu University, saw a Yangtze finless porpoise (江豚) for the first time in a newspaper. He found himself ____41____ by the “smile” of the porpoise. Two months later, Yu set up an on-campus association (协会) to protect the species in ____42____. At first, there were only seven members. In recent years, his efforts have ____43____, and the association now has about 750 members. ____44____, thanks to close partnership with universities, government and non-profit organizations, the association has succeeded in ____45____ about 8,000 volunteers to contribute to the cute species’ ____46____. With the development of the association, its work has gone far beyond ____47____ simple publicity activities. Under Yu’s leadership, his team members ____48____ the country’s first popular science book about the finless porpoise. They have also drew up various designs for a science popularization curriculum (科普课程) ____49____ different groups of people. In addition, he has also _____50_____ his team to the major habitats of the porpoise to conduct scientific study and environmental recording. Based on this work, the team has written a series of reports that include _____51_____ suggestions on improving the habitat protection work. At present, the number of Yangtze finless porpoises is growing _____52_____ and stands at around 1,000. Yu said he never imagined that the small association he _____53_____ would unite so many forces to protect the animals. He believes that the _____54_____ of different parts of society together will see the number of finless porpoises continue to _____55_____, and will also help the environment along the Yangtze River to improve continually. 41. A. attacked B. frightened C. attracted D. cheated 42. A. safety B. use C. silence D. danger 43. A. taken on B. paid off C. broken down D. showed up 44. A. Also B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However 45. A. ordering B. promising C. encouraging D. warning 46. A. performance B. protection C. action D. popularity 47. A. organizing B. announcing C. shortening D. canceling 48. A. lost B. published C. bought D. read 49. A. observing B. fooling C. shaping D. targeting 50. A. forced B. limited C. led D. compared 51. A. research-based B. narrow-minded C. plant-related D. imagination-focused 52. A. strangely B. terribly C. smoothly D. dangerously 53. A. joined B. trusted C. missed D. established 54. A. efforts B. dreams C. opinions D. demands 55. A. pass B. rise C. drop D. stay 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了喻永光被长江江豚的微笑吸引，因此创立保护江豚的协会，通过不断的努力吸引更多的人保护江豚，进行相关科普工作，开展研究对江豚保护提出切实的建议，协会的努力取得了很大的成功。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现自己被海豚的“微笑”所吸引。A. attacked攻击；B. frightened使惊吓；C. attracted吸引；D. cheated欺骗。根据下文“Yu set up an on-campus association (协会) to protect the species”可知，喻永光成立了协会来保护江豚，所以应该是被江豚的微笑吸引了。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，他成立了一个校园保护濒危物种协会。A. safety安全；B. use使用；C. silence寂静；D. danger危险。根据空前“protect the species”可知，江豚需要保护，所以应该是濒危物种。in danger是固定短语，意为“处于危险中，处境危险”。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：近年来，他的努力奏效了，该协会现在有大约750名会员。A. taken on承担；B. paid off奏效，取得成功；C. broken down分解；D. showed up露面。根据上文“At first, there were only seven members.”和空后“the association now has about 750 members”可知，协会的成员人数大幅增加，所以应该是他的努力奏效了。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，由于与大学、政府和非营利组织的密切合作，该协会已经成功地鼓励了大约8000名志愿者为可爱物种的保护做出贡献。A. Also此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However但是。根据下文“the association has succeeded in”可知，协会不仅人数增加，而且还在其他方面取得成功，所以Also“此外”符合语境，表示此处和上文的联系。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，由于与大学、政府和非营利组织的密切合作，该协会已经成功地鼓励了大约8000名志愿者为可爱物种的保护做出贡献。A. ordering命令；B. promising承诺；C. encouraging鼓励；D. warning警告。根据空后“about 8,000 volunteers to contribute to”和常识可知，协会会鼓励志愿者参与志愿活动。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，由于与大学、政府和非营利组织的密切合作，该协会已经成功地鼓励了大约8000名志愿者为可爱物种的保护做出贡献。A. performance表现；B. protection保护；C. action行动；D. popularity受欢迎。根据上文“protect the species”可知，协会主要是为了保护江豚，所以是鼓励志愿者去保护这个可爱的物种。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着协会的发展，其工作已经远远超出了组织简单的宣传活动。A. organizing组织；B. announcing宣布；C. shortening缩短；D. canceling取消。根据空后“simple publicity activities”和常识可知，协会通常都需要组织宣传活动。故选A。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的领导下，他的团队成员出版了国内第一本关于江豚的科普书籍。A. lost失去；B. published出版；C. bought购买；D. read阅读。根据下文“drew up various designs for a science popularization curriculum”可知，团队成员制定科普课程的设计，他们对江豚的了解非常深入，所以应该是出版了国内第一本关于江豚的科普书籍。故选B。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还制定了针对不同人群的科普课程的各种设计。A. observing观察；B. fooling愚弄；C. shaping塑造；D. targeting针对。根据空前“a science popularization curriculum”和空后“different groups of people”，并结合常识可知，这种科普课程通常会针对不同的人群。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，他还带领他的团队到海豚的主要栖息地进行科学研究和环境记录。A. forced强迫；B. limited限制；C. led带领；D. compared比较。根据空后“his team to the major habitats of the porpoise”可知，他应该是带领团队去栖息地做研究。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在此基础上，团队撰写了一系列报告，其中包括对改善栖息地保护工作的研究建议。A. research-based基于研究的；B. narrow-minded狭隘的；C. plant-related植物相关的；D. imagination-focused聚焦想象的。根据上文“to conduct scientific study and environmental recording”可知，他们团队到栖息地做了实地的研究和记录，所以报告里的建议是基于研究提出的。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：目前，长江江豚的数量增长平稳，约有1000头。A. strangely奇怪地；B. terribly糟糕地；C. smoothly平稳地；D. dangerously危险地。根据下文“around 1,000”可推知，在他们团队的努力下，江豚的数量应该是平稳增长。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：喻永光说，他从来没有想到他建立的这个小协会能团结这么多力量来保护动物。A. joined加入；B. trusted信任；C. missed错过；D. established建立。根据上文“Yu set up an on-campus association (协会)”可知，这个协会是他建立的。故选D。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他相信，在社会各界的努力下，江豚的数量将继续上升，也将有助于长江流域环境的不断改善。A. efforts努力；B. dreams梦想；C. opinions意见；D. demands需求。根据上文提到的大学、政府、非盈利组织、志愿者，并结合常识可推知，社会各界都努力了，才能有效保护江豚。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他相信，在社会各界的努力下，江豚的数量将继续上升，也将有助于长江流域环境的不断改善。A. pass经过；B. rise上升；C. drop下降；D. stay保持。根据上文“growing”可知，此处表示江豚的数量继续上升。故选B。 第二节 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 World Wetlands Day, celebrated annually on February 2nd, aims to raise global awareness about the important role of wetlands for people and our planet. World Wetlands Day ___56___ (adopt) by the United Nations in 2021. It makes efforts ___57___ (realize) the long Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and deal with global issues related to climate and biodiversity (生物多样性) challenges. Now with seven years left for the SDGs, the UN is calling again to restore wetlands. This year’s theme is “Time for Wetland Restoration,” ___58___ brings to attention the rapid loss of wetland systems worldwide. In just 50 years, 35% of the world’s wetlands ___59___ (lose) since 1970. Wetlands are disappearing three times ___60___ (fast) than forests and are Earth’s most ___61___ (threaten) ecosystem. Human activities that lead to loss of wetlands include construction, pollution, overfishing and so on. It is ___62___ opportunity for us to rethink and change how humans impact the environment. While wetlands cover just 6% of the earth’s surface, they are home ___63___ about 40% of the world’s plant and animal species. Wetlands provide people with food and water, offering natural protection and ___64___ (serve) many other important functions. Huge changes are needed to solve the climate and biodiversity crisis, yet there are small things we can all do to keep our wetlands and our wildlife ____65____ (health). 【答案】56. was adopted 57. to realize 58. which 59. have been lost 60. faster 61. threatened 62. an 63. to 64. serving 65. healthy 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。每年2月2日是世界湿地日，旨在提高全球对湿地的重要作用的认识。 【56题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：联合国于2021年通过了世界湿地日。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据时间状语in 2021可知句子说的是发生在过去的动作，使用一般过去时的被动语态，因主语World Wetlands Day为单数，故填was adopted。 【57题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它努力实现长期的可持续发展目标，处理与气候和生物多样性挑战有关的全球问题。分析句子结构，make efforts to do为固定句型，含义为“努力做某事”，符合句意，故填to realize。 【58题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：今年的主题是“湿地恢复时间”，它引起了人们对全球湿地系统迅速丧失的关注。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为Time for Wetland Restoration，因空白处在定语从句中做主语指物，使用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 【59题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：自1970年以来，在短短50年内，世界上35%的湿地已经消失。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据时间状语since 1970可知句子表达的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时的被动语态，因主语35% of the world’s wetlands为复数，故填have been lost。 【60题详解】 考查倍数的表示法。句意：湿地的消失速度是森林的三倍，是地球上最受威胁的生态系统。分析句子结构，倍数的表示法为：“倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than”，含义为“是……的……倍”，符合句意，所以空白处应填副词的比较级形式，故填faster。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语ecosystem之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词，故填threatened。 【62题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这是我们重新思考和改变人类如何影响环境的机会。根据名词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词，表示“一个”含义，因空白处后面名词的第一个发音音素为元音，故填an。 【63题详解】 考查介词。句意：虽然湿地只覆盖了地球表面的6%，但它们是世界上大约40%的动植物物种的家园。分析句子结构，be home to为固定句型，含义为“是……的家园”，符合句意，故填to。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：湿地为人们提供食物和水，提供自然保护，并提供许多其他重要功能。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语Wetlands之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填serving。 【65题详解】 考查形容词。句意：解决气候和生物多样性危机需要巨大的变化，但我们都可以做一些小事来保持湿地和野生动物的健康。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾补修饰宾语our wetlands and our wildlife并表示属性，使用形容词，故填healthy。 第三节 单句填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）（课文原题） 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 66. What ________ amazing first day in Rio! (用适当的词填空) 【答案】an 【解析】 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：在里约的第一天真是太棒了！这里是感叹句，结构为What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数，amazing是元音音素开头，因此填入不定冠词an。故填an。 67. Indeed, the whole family could not be _____________(happy) to be together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】happier 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：事实上，全家人聚在一起是再幸福不过的事了。分析句子可知，空处位于系动词be之后，作be的表语，应填形容词，结合句意可知，此处考查“否定词not+形容词比较级=最高级”的用法，所以填happier，表示“更幸福的，更快乐的”，符合语境。故填happier。 68. On their arrival, they found Luo’s parents eagerly ________ (wait) for them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】waiting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们一到达，就发现罗的父母正急切地在等候他们。这里是find+宾语+宾补结构，parents和wait是主动关系，正在等待，因此使用现在分词waiting作宾补。故填waiting。 69. As midnight approaches, Luo Yan takes her parents, wife and son outside to set ________ firecrackers. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】off 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：午夜临近时，罗燕带着父母、妻子和儿子到外面去放鞭炮。set off 是固定短语，意思是“点燃；使爆炸；出发”。故填off。 70. There were hundreds of guests, all ________ (dress) up in formal, colourful clothes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】dressed 【解析】 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：参加婚礼的宾客有数百人，都穿着正式的、五颜六色的衣服。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面是独立主格形式。“名词/主格代词+过去分词”这种独立主格形式，表示被动和已完成，根据句意及短语be dressed up可知，此处需填入derss的过去分词形式dressed。故填dressed。 71. I didn’t understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep ________ (impress) on me. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】impression 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我并没有完全理解所有的传统习俗，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。make a deep impression on sb是固定短语，意为给某人留下深刻印象，需要填入impress的名词形式impression，作宾语。故填impression。 72. The customs that followed were anything ________ ordinary. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：接下来的习俗绝非寻常之事。anything but是固定搭配，意思是“根本不是，绝不”，表明后续的习俗一点都不普通。故填but。 73. In the warmth and ________ (comfortable) of the room, Luo Yan talks about his plan for the future. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】comfort 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在温暖舒适的房间里，罗岩谈论着他未来的规划。空格处用名词作宾语，comfortable的名词是comfort，意为“舒适”，是不可数名词，故填comfort。 74. My parents ________ (get) old, and we should spend more time with them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】are getting 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我父母正在变老，我们应该多花点时间陪他们。此处表达父母正在慢慢变老，使用现在进行时来体现逐渐变化的过程，主语是parents，因此be动词用are。故填are getting。 75. I was so caught up in the party fever ______ I hardly noticed five hours fly by!(用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我沉浸在聚会的狂热中，几乎没有注意到五个小时飞逝而过！根据句意可知，此处是固定句型so...that...，表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 76. ________(experience) the spirit of the Carnival for myself, I went to a street party. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】To experience 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式。句意：为了亲身体验狂欢节的精神，我参加了一个街头派对。此处是不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To experience。 77. I could feel it already — the Carnival was in ________ air!(用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：我已经能感觉到了——狂欢节的气氛弥漫在空气中！in the air是固定短语，表示“（气氛、感觉）弥漫在空气中，到处都是”。故填the。 78. Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer ________ (line) the narrow streets. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】lined 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：摆满软饮料和啤酒的冰柜排列在狭窄的街道两旁。此空考查谓语动词，主语Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer与line为主动关系，且由语境可知，这里描述过去的场景，应用一般过去时，符合语境。故填lined。 79. ________ the cold outside, their happy faces fill the air with warmth while merry laughter rings throughout the house. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Despite 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管外面天气寒冷，但他们欢快的面容让整个空间都充满了温暖，而欢快的笑声也回荡在整个屋内。由the cold outside及their happy faces fill the air with warmth可知，此处表示让步关系，空格处意为“尽管”，是介词despite，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Despite。 80. Their home has been ________ (special) decorated for the joyous occasion. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】specially 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他们的家已经特意进行了布置，以迎接这个欢乐的时刻。空格处用副词specially修饰动词decorated，specially意为“专门地，特意”。故填specially。 第四节 单词拼写（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）（课本改编） 请根据句意和括号内的中文提示，写出句中所缺单词，每空一词。 81. It is important to ________ (维持) a balanced diet to keep healthy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】maintain 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持健康，维持均衡饮食很重要。根据汉语提示“维持”可知，此处为动词maintain，It is adj.+to do...为固定句型，it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。故填maintain。 82. The football player suffered a serious ________ (受伤) in the match and had to leave the field. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】injury 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位足球运动员在比赛中受了严重的伤，不得不离场。根据汉语提示“受伤”可知，此处为名词injury，作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填injury。 83. Don’t ________ (犹豫) to ask for help when you meet difficulties in your study. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】hesitate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当你在学习中遇到困难时，不要犹豫去寻求帮助。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“犹豫”应用动词hesitate；本句为祈使句的否定形式，Don’t后接动词原形。故填hesitate。 84. The brave scientist’s story continues to ________ (激励) young people to pursue their dreams. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】inspire 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位勇敢科学家的故事继续激励着年轻人去追求他们的梦想。根据汉语提示，表达“激励”之意可使用动词inspire，空处在不定式符号to后，需填动词原形。 85. The teacher nodded with ________ (满意) after reading the students’ wonderful compositions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】satisfaction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：老师在读完学生们精彩的作文后，满意地点了点头。根据汉语提示“满意”可知，此处为名词satisfaction，作宾语。故填satisfaction。 86. A truck is a large ________ (交通工具) used for carrying heavy goods from one place to another. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】vehicle 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：卡车是一种大型的运输工具，用于将重物从一个地方运送到另一个地方。“交通工具”是vehicle，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填vehicle。 87. The local government is trying to ________ (促进) the development of green tourism in this area. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】promote 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当地政府正努力促进该地区绿色旅游的发展。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“促进”应用动词promote；try to后接动词原形。故填promote。 88. Online shopping is very ________ (方便) because it saves us a lot of time and energy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】convenient 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：网上购物非常方便，因为它节省了我们大量的时间和精力。根据汉语提示“方便”可知，此处为形容词convenient，作表语。故填convenient。 89. We can ________ (观察) the stars clearly on a clear night with no clouds in the sky. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】observe 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在天空晴朗、没有云的夜晚，我们可以清楚地观察星星。根据汉语提示“观察”可知，此处为动词observe，位于情态动词can后面，使用动词原形。故填observe。 90. Time is the most ________ (珍贵的) thing in our life, so we should make full use of it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】precious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：时间是我们生活中最珍贵的东西，所以我们应该充分利用它。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“珍贵的”应用形容词precious，在本句中作定语修饰名词thing，符合语境。故填precious。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分）课文改编 91. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，学校将于12月31晚7点在学校大礼堂举办元旦文艺晚会（New Year’s Day Gala）。请你以学生会的名义，用英语写一则通知，内容包括： 1. 晚会的时间、地点； 2. 晚会的主要内容（节目形式等）； 3. 参与须知（入场要求等）。 注意： 1. 写作词数应在80词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice Dear teachers and students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 【答案】One possible version Notice Dear teachers and students, The New Year’s Day Gala will take place at 7:00 p.m. on December 31 in the school hall. The event will have exciting performances, including songs, dances, and interesting games, which will make everyone enjoy an unforgettable gala. To ensure a wonderful evening, please arrive on time and keep quiet during the performances. We encourage everyone to show respect for all performers and enjoy the celebrations together. Come and welcome the new year with joy! Looking forward to seeing you there. The Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以学生会的名义，用英语写一则通知，告知学生学校将于12月31晚7点在学校大礼堂举办元旦文艺晚会。 【详解】1.词汇积累 令人兴奋的：exciting→thrilling 令人难忘的：unforgettable→indelible 确保：ensure→guarantee 鼓励：encourage→inspire 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To ensure a wonderful evening, please arrive on time and keep quiet during the performances. 拓展句：Please arrive on time and keep quiet during the performances, the purpose of which is to ensure a wonderful evening. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The event will have exciting performances, including songs, dances, and interesting games, which will make everyone enjoy an unforgettable gala. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] To ensure a wonderful evening, please arrive on time and keep quiet during the performances. (运用了不定式To ensure作目的状语和祈使句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $