暑假作业04 形容词副词的最高级（巩固培优）八年级英语新教材人教版

**基本信息** 以“定义-规则-句型-陷阱”四维体系构建形容词副词最高级知识网络，通过三级对比串联原级/比较级，实现方法迁移与逻辑闭环。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心概念|3个对比维度|三级比较串联体系，明确最高级使用场景|从概念本质出发，建立“数量-程度-功能”认知基础| |变化规则|5类规则+5个不规则|规则变化与比较级同源转化，错误点（双重叠加等）精准归纳|构词规则从单音节到多音节递进，不规则词与比较级成套记忆| |核心句型|3大必考句型|范围口诀（in+整体/of+个体）、one of双要素（the+复数名词）|句型功能与比较数量严格对应，满足不同表达需求| |易错陷阱|4大丢分点|the的省略规则（形副差异）、范围限定必要性|针对考试高频错误，建立“语法规则-语境应用”判断能力| |题型训练|单选20+拼写10+语篇4|中考高频考点（one of结构、序数词+最高级）全覆盖|以题载法，通过不同题型强化知识应用与思维品质|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业04 形容词副词的最高级 一、核心概念 1. 最高级定义 形容词、副词最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人、事物、情况进行比较，表示程度最高，翻译为“最……”。 2. 三级对比总览（串联整套体系） 1. 原级：无比较 / 同级比较（一样……） 1. 比较级：两者比较（更……） 1. 最高级：三者及以上比较（最……） 3. 核心使用区别 1. 形容词最高级：修饰名词，绝大多数情况必须加 the 1. 副词最高级：修饰动词，the 可以省略（考试常考省略用法） 二、最高级变化规则（和比较级一一对应） 变化规则与比较级高度同源，只是后缀由 -er 变为 -est，多音节由 more 变为 most。 （一）规则变化 1. 一般单音节、短双音节词：直接加 -est 1. tall → tallest（最高的） 1. fast → fastest（最快地） 1. quick → quickest（最快的） 2. 以不发音的 e 结尾：直接加 -st 1. nice → nicest 1. late → latest 1. large → largest 3. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾：变 y 为 i，加 -est 1. happy → happiest 1. easy → easiest 1. heavy → heaviest ⚠️ 特例：元音字母 + y 结尾，直接加 est 1. gray → grayest 4. 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）结尾：双写尾字母 + est 必须同时满足：短元音、单辅音结尾、重读 1. big → biggest 1. thin → thinnest 1. hot → hottest 1. fat → fattest 1. wet → wettest 5. 多音节词、长双音节词：前面加 most（单词不变形） 结构：most + 原级 1. beautiful → most beautiful 1. expensive → most expensive 1. carefully → most carefully 1. quickly → most quickly （二）不规则变化（必背！和比较级成套记忆） 无后缀、无规律，初中必考、填空高频陷阱 1. good / well → best 最好/最好地 1. bad / badly → worst 最差/最差地 1. many / much → most 最多 1. little → least 最少 1. far → farthest（距离最远）/ furthest（程度最深） （三）绝对禁止的错误（必考改错点） 1. 禁止双重叠加：most tallest（错）→ tallest（对） 2. 不规则词不加 est：goodest（错）→ best（对） 3. 多音节词不加 est：beautifulest（错）→ most beautiful（对） 三、最高级必考核心句型（全覆盖中考题型） 句型1：the + 最高级 + (名词) + in/of 范围 核心口诀：最高级必带范围，in+整体范围，of+个体范围 用法区分 1. in + 地点/整体群体（班级、学校、城市、世界） 1. of + 数量词/具体同类（all、the three、us five） 经典例句 1. He is the tallest boy in our class. 他是我们班最高的男孩。 2. This is the hardest question of all. 这是所有题目里最难的一道。 3. She runs fastest in our school. 她在我们学校跑得最快。 句型2：one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 含义：最……之一 中考超级高频考点，两个必记细节： ① 必须带 the ② 后面名词必须复数 例句 1. Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China. 北京是中国最古老的城市之一。 2. This is one of the most interesting books. 这是最有趣的书之一。 句型3：the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数名词 含义：第几最…… 序数词：first、second、third 例句 1. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。 四、最高级专属修饰词 只能修饰最高级，不可修饰比较级、原级： 1. by far（……得多、远超） 1. nearly、almost、much（极少用，仅限最高级语境） 常用搭配 by far the best 迄今为止最好的 五、原级 / 比较级 / 最高级 完整对照表 级别 对比数量 标志词 核心句型 原级 无对比 / 两者等同 very / too / so / quite as…as… 比较级 两者对比 much / even / a little / far 比较级 + than 最高级 三者及以上 by far / nearly the 最高级 + in/of 六、最高级高频易错陷阱（丢分重灾区） 1. the 的用法规则 ✅ 形容词最高级：必须加 the ✅ 副词最高级：the 可加可省略 ✅ 形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不加 the 例：my best friend（正确） / my the best friend（错误） 2. elder / oldest 区分 1. oldest：年龄最大的、最旧的（通用最高级） 1. eldest：专指兄弟姐妹长幼排行 my eldest sister 大姐 3. 范围陷阱 没有 in/of 范围，不能随便用最高级 只有明确三者及以上对比，才可以用最高级。 4. one of 必考坑 one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词 谓语动词用单数 例：One of the most popular sports is basketball. 一、单项选择 1．This is the ________ TV programme I have watched. I don’t like it at all. A．more boring B．most boring C．more exciting D．most exciting 2．Of all the teachers, Mr. Wang is always ________. A．busy B．busiest C．the busier D．the busiest 3．Skating is one of ________ sports in winter. Teenagers love to play in the snow. A．the most popular B．popular C．more popular 4．Which shirt is ________ , the red one, the blue one, or the white one? A．expensive B．more expensive C．most expensive D．the most expensive 5．Suzy spent ________ time on mobile phones in her class because she likes to read books in her spare time. A．fewer B．less C．the fewest D．the least 6．Shanghai is one of ________ in the world. It is also one of the trade centers (贸易中心) of the world. A．the largest city B．the largest cities C．larger city 7．The Zhaozhou Bridge is one of ________ stone bridges in the world. A．old B．older C．the older D．the oldest 8．—Which is ________ season in your hometown? —I think it’s spring. Everything is so beautiful. A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．the nicest 9．Chinese is one of ________ in the world. As Chinese students, we should learn it well. A．the old language B．oldest languages C．the older language D．the oldest languages 10．Lucy is _________ girl in our class. A．the most outgoing B．more outgoing C．most outgoing D．outgoing 11．—This movie is ________ one I’ve seen this year. —Yes. In fact, it is even ________ than the book. A．more interesting; better B．the most interesting; good C．interesting; good D．the most interesting; better 12．—Which person in history do you admire? —Beethoven. He was one of ________. He never gave up his dream for music. A．the greatest artists B．the greatest artist C．the great artist D．the greater artist 13．Tony is ________ student in his class because he works ________ than the others. A．best; hard B．the best; harder C．the best; the harder D．best; harder 14．Tigers are one of ________ animals in the world. A．dangerous B．more dangerous C．the most dangerous D．most dangerous 15．—Mary is one of ________ students in our class. —She is as ________ as her friends. A．friendlier; the friendliest B．friendly; friendliest C．the friendliest; friendly D．friendlier; friendly 16．Yang Zhenning is one of the ______ physicists in the world. In 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics with his partner Li Zhengdao. A．great B．greater C．greatest 17．Grace is ________ than I, and she is one of ________ students in our class. A．the most hard-working; the most hard-working B．more hard-working; more hard-working C．more hard-working; the most hard-working D．the most hard-working; more hard-working 18．—Who jumps ________, Greg or Henry? —Henry. In fact, he jumps ________of all the boys. A．higher, higher B．the highest, the highest C．higher, the highest D．the highest, higher 19．Of all the subjects, I like English ________. It’s so interesting. A．well B．better C．best D．the better 20．—Mike runs faster than ________ in his class. —You’re right. He is a member of the school race team. A．the other boy B．any other boy C．any boys 二、单词拼写 21．Which is the ________ (bad) clothes store in your town? 22．Judy is ________ (tall) of us three. 23．Peter is the ________ (heavy) boy in his class. 24．Among the new college students, Amy spends the _______ (little) pocket money on fast food. 25．Reading is one of __________________ skills for students. (important) 26．The Forbidden City is one of ________ (famous) palaces in China. 27．Qomolangma is one of ________ mountains on earth.（high） 28．I hope you will be one of the ________ (win) in the singing competition. 29．The small café on the corner is the third ________ (busy) place in our neighborhood on weekends. 30．—I hear Kitty did ________ (badly) of all in the last exam.       —I am afraid so. 一、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次。 protect  in  happy  look  and  relax  plant  clean  imagine  community Plants and animals are important to us. 1 a world without them. It would be very disappointing. Plants make our air 2 and our environment lively. Animals bring us joy and teach us to be kind. In my neighbourhood, there is a little park with green 3 and a small pond. Birds sing, and fish swim in the water. It’s a quiet place to 4 and enjoy nature. Animals are important to us too. In my 5 there is a pet centre. Kids often go there to help feed and play with the animals. We 6 after dogs, cats, and even some rabbits. Caring for them brings us lots of 7 . Animals don’t talk like us, but they communicate with us in their own way. They make us feel happy 8 understood. Plants and animals might seem different, but they both play a part 9 making our lives better. They help us feel connected to nature. We should 10 them because they are important to us. Actually, we can learn a lot from them. 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 ton  old  run  two  long  tool  they  world  amaze  actually Do you know what the fastest animal in the world is? How about the smartest animal? Do you know which animal lives the longest? Let’s read about some of these 1 animals. The fastest land animal in the world is the cheetah (猎豹). Cheetahs can run at about 120 kilometers an hour. When they are 2 at that speed (速度), they spend more time in the air than on the ground. Blue whales are the 3 largest animals. They are about 38 meters long, and they weigh around 170 4 . Blue whales eat about 3,600 kilograms of food every day. Of course, the smartest animals in the world are humans. The 5 smartest animal is the chimpanzee (黑猩猩). Chimps can make 6 and build things. They can also solve problems. Some chimps can even use 7 hands to make words and communicate. Other very smart animals are dolphins and parrots. Most people believe that tortoises live the longest in the world. It’s true that tortoises live 8 than other animals on land. The 9 tortoises lived up to 188 years old. 10 , some ocean animals live longer. Some koi, a kind of goldfish, can live for more than 200 years. 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给的词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺，连贯。 Animals have the ability to make people understand them, especially when they are 1 serious danger and hope to get help from man. And they often play a role in 2 (help) one another. One day, I 3 (visit) my friend Jack on a sheep farm in North America. Suddenly one mother sheep came to cry in front of us. She made quite 4 (loudly) and strange cries. Jack said, “Something wrong must 5 (actual) happen. Come on, Mike. Let’s follow her.” Together we followed the sheep back to where she was feeding on the farm. She rushed forward and kept on looking back to see if we were coming. She finally took us to 6 well (井), and we heard the sad voice of her young baby. It fell into the well. As the well had no water and was only six feet deep, we took some 7 (act)—we found a ladder (梯子) and climbed down along it. After a few minutes, we were able to save the baby sheep. The mother sheep looked quite 8 (happiness). Her baby could sleep to get together with her again! She came to tell 9 (we) her difficulty and got help. How 10 (amaze) it was! 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，每空一词。 Tigers have bright eyes, yellow fur and black stripes. They look so beautiful and cute at 1 (born). They can move very fast. They are good at hunting other 2 (animal). Tigers like to live with their cubs (幼崽) as 3 family, but baby tigers will live alone when they grow up. 4 (sad), tigers are facing a lot of serious problems. In the past, people 5 (cut) down large forests and built farms, so they lost much living space. Now, the number of tigers 6 (be) becoming smaller and smaller. If people keep taking their land, tigers will have no place 7 (live). Also, people kill them 8 their fur and bones to make money. If we do not help them, there will be no tigers left in the world. Can you imagine (想象) what will happen to 9 (they)? Maybe they will die out in the future. A feeling of sadness comes over us when we think of this. I think if we give tigers more protected land and stop people from hunting them, they will live 10 (well) than before. Let’s act right now! 三、完形填空 I’m a little clownfish, and I like to live in coral reefs, but I don’t always stay there.           When I was 1 , I walked slowly in the open ocean for months. When I grew up, I wanted to get back home. But only the reef’s small sound 2 me home. Unluckily, the sea isn’t as 3 as it used to be. Humans make it a noisy place. Their noises are often 4 than the natural ones, so we can’t find our way back easily.                                                               I’m not the only one to suffer (遭受). Deep (深的) underwater, there is little light. Sounds, however, travel 5 . Many of my friends depend on (依靠) their 6 to live. Dolphins call each other by special names, and whales sing beautiful songs. But now, the noise is 7 their lives. So, they swim away from the noise. However, we can hear human-made noise 8 . We have to leave our homes and move to quieter areas. In those areas, we must 9 with others for food and homes. Over time, our 10 get smaller and smaller.    Luckily, I discover humans are taking action to cut down noise. I hope our lives will become better. 1．A．sick B．young C．happy 2．A．guided B．invited C．welcomed 3．A．blue B．beautiful C．peaceful 4．A．louder B．clearer C．closer 5．A．safely B．slowly C．easily 6．A．touching B．hearing C．swimming 7．A．saving B．affecting C．improving 8．A．nowhere B．somewhere C．everywhere 9．A．fight B．compare C．connect 10．A．bodies B．differences C．populations We’re studying birds for Bird Week at school. Some lucky kids got penguins, but I have to write about 1 . On the first day, I watched pigeons in the park. All morning long, they just knocked around and left droppings (粪) everywhere. I thought they were really boring and 2 . When a girl started feeding them, the pigeons flew to her 3 . They looked really scary (吓人的)! On the second day, I did some online research. To 4 surprise, pigeons can recognize (认出) themselves in mirrors. Are they so clever? I decided to go and 5 them again. The next morning, I was back at the park. I saw a pigeon looking at itself in the 6 ! Maybe I was wrong about them. To know more about them, I headed to the library. I 7 that there are over 200 kinds of pigeons. Some can fly thousands of kilometers without 8 . They can fly over 100 km a (an) 9 —as fast as my dad’s car! In the end, I realized pigeons aren’t boring or 10 at all. They’re truly amazing; I just didn’t know enough about them before. 1．A．monkeys B．mice C．pigeons D．elephants 2．A．dirty B．pretty C．sleepy D．sweet 3．A．slowly B．quickly C．softly D．quietly 4．A．their B．your C．my D．his 5．A．eat B．feed C．watch D．buy 6．A．air B．water C．ground D．sky 7．A．found B．advised C．dreamt D．explained 8．A．counting down B．getting lost C．doing exercise D．coming out 9．A．minute B．hour C．day D．week 10．A．happy B．delicious C．humorous D．scary 四、阅读理解 ①They may look like something out of an amazing movie, but narwhals (独角鲸) are very real animals. Here are some fun facts about narwhals. ②Narwhals change color a few times during their lives. When they’re born, most baby narwhals are blue-gray. But as they grow older, their color changes to blue-black, while adult narwhals are usually gray with dark spots. Old narwhals are almost all white. ③Like elephant tusks (长牙), a narwhal’s tusk is a tooth. It can grow as long as 3 meters. ________. They use tusks to attract female narwhals. Narwhals also use their tusks to hit fish so they can catch and eat fish easily. And some narwhals even have two tusks! ④Narwhals are among the deepest diving (潜水) whales, reaching depths of about 1,500 meters—although some can reach depths of over 1,700 meters, according to the University of Washington. Narwhals usually stay less than 50 meters from the water, however. But they can stay underwater for 25 minutes before needing to come up for air ⑤Living in the cold Arctic waters of Greenland, Norway, Russia and Canada, narwhals don’t have a dorsal fin (背鳍). The absence (缺乏) of a dorsal fin makes the narwhal prevent heat loss and helps them to swim under the ice. ⑥Known as the “unicorns of the sea”, narwhals are really interesting animals you must watch when you take a trip to the Arctic Circle. 1．What color is a young narwhal? A．Blue-gray. B．Blue-black. C．Almost all white. D．Gray with darker spots. 2．Which sentence is the best for “________” in Paragraph 3? A．It comes out of its head. B．Most female narwhals do not have tusks. C．Male (雄性) narwhals all have tusks. D．Scientists are still unsure about uses of their tusks. 3．Which is the best structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． Everybody knows that cats like to sleep. They spend more than half their lives sleeping and enjoy every minute of it. Other animals have different sleeping habits, however. Horses may not look like they are asleep. But they are! Horses spend about six hours sleeping every day and they do it standing up! Fish also sleep every day but they have a strange (奇怪的) habit. They don’t close their eyes when they are sleeping. When ducks sleep they keep one eye open and half of the brain awake. It helps them stay alert (警觉的) and watch out for dangerous animals. So what about humans (人类)? Well, most people sleep for about a third of their lives. The number of hours you sleep, however, has to do with your age. Most newborn (新生的) babies sleep a lot. They spend about 75% of their time sleeping every day! As you get older, you need less sleep. Children need about eleven hours and adults sleep for eight hours every night. So, yes, you spend many hours a year doing nothing—sleeping in bed! But you’re not just asleep—you’re not really doing nothing. Your body and your mind relax during this time, but a lot of things happen during sleep. Dreams are one way that the mind relaxes after a busy day. A person spends about 20% of every night dreaming. That means you have about four or five dreams every night or about 1,600 dreams a year. 1．From the passage we know that a horse ________. A．sleeps with one eye open B．spends half of its life sleeping C．keeps standing up when sleeping D．doesn’t close its eyes when sleeping 2．According to the passage, how long do most new born babies sleep one day? A．For about 12 hours. B．For about 14 hours. C．For about 16 hours. D．For about 18 hours. 3．Which animal sleeps with one eye open and half of the brain awake? A．duck B．horse C．hen D．fish 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Nothing happens during sleep. B．At night, a man will spend about 2 hours to dream if he sleeps for 10 hours. C．Fish never sleep, because they cannot close eyes. D．Horses spend about six hours to sleeping every day in bed. 5．Where does the passage probably come from? A．An art book. B．A science book. C．A sports book. D．A history book. 完成图表。根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息，词数不限。 Do you enjoy planting flowers with your family? Do you know how to make your garden more beautiful? Many people may say sure. Sunlight and water, of course! However, there is another surprising key helping you to grow happy and healthy plants. That is music! According to a study, listening to music can affect plant growth. It shows that plants grow faster, with larger flowers and healthier leaves when they listen to music. Also, different kinds of music even have different influences (影响) on plants. How can this happen? In fact, plants don’t hear sounds like humans do, but they can feel vibrations (震动) from sounds. These sound vibrations can help plants grow like wind or water.   Then, what kinds of music do plants like better? Chris Beardshaw, a famous expert（专家） in gardening, once did some research on this. He discovered that classical music improved plant growth, and that heavy metal music also helped grow healthier plants. However, he found that rock music might cause plants to die. So be careful with the kinds of music when you play music in your garden. In a word, the study showed that plants like rhythmic (有节奏的) music better, especially classical music and heavy metal music. Actually, it’s not easy to understand what music plants like better. That’s because it also depends on (取决于) the kinds of plants, the kinds of music, and the areas where plants grow. In order to build a bridge between music and plant growth, people need to do more studies. Whether (是否) or not plants truly like music, you can play music in your garden, especially when you work there. At the very least, music can make you enjoy the work more. 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业04 形容词副词的最高级 一、核心概念 1. 最高级定义 形容词、副词最高级，用于三者或三者以上的人、事物、情况进行比较，表示程度最高，翻译为“最……”。 2. 三级对比总览（串联整套体系） 1. 原级：无比较 / 同级比较（一样……） 1. 比较级：两者比较（更……） 1. 最高级：三者及以上比较（最……） 3. 核心使用区别 1. 形容词最高级：修饰名词，绝大多数情况必须加 the 1. 副词最高级：修饰动词，the 可以省略（考试常考省略用法） 二、最高级变化规则（和比较级一一对应） 变化规则与比较级高度同源，只是后缀由 -er 变为 -est，多音节由 more 变为 most。 （一）规则变化 1. 一般单音节、短双音节词：直接加 -est 1. tall → tallest（最高的） 1. fast → fastest（最快地） 1. quick → quickest（最快的） 2. 以不发音的 e 结尾：直接加 -st 1. nice → nicest 1. late → latest 1. large → largest 3. 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾：变 y 为 i，加 -est 1. happy → happiest 1. easy → easiest 1. heavy → heaviest ⚠️ 特例：元音字母 + y 结尾，直接加 est 1. gray → grayest 4. 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）结尾：双写尾字母 + est 必须同时满足：短元音、单辅音结尾、重读 1. big → biggest 1. thin → thinnest 1. hot → hottest 1. fat → fattest 1. wet → wettest 5. 多音节词、长双音节词：前面加 most（单词不变形） 结构：most + 原级 1. beautiful → most beautiful 1. expensive → most expensive 1. carefully → most carefully 1. quickly → most quickly （二）不规则变化（必背！和比较级成套记忆） 无后缀、无规律，初中必考、填空高频陷阱 1. good / well → best 最好/最好地 1. bad / badly → worst 最差/最差地 1. many / much → most 最多 1. little → least 最少 1. far → farthest（距离最远）/ furthest（程度最深） （三）绝对禁止的错误（必考改错点） 1. 禁止双重叠加：most tallest（错）→ tallest（对） 2. 不规则词不加 est：goodest（错）→ best（对） 3. 多音节词不加 est：beautifulest（错）→ most beautiful（对） 三、最高级必考核心句型（全覆盖中考题型） 句型1：the + 最高级 + (名词) + in/of 范围 核心口诀：最高级必带范围，in+整体范围，of+个体范围 用法区分 1. in + 地点/整体群体（班级、学校、城市、世界） 1. of + 数量词/具体同类（all、the three、us five） 经典例句 1. He is the tallest boy in our class. 他是我们班最高的男孩。 2. This is the hardest question of all. 这是所有题目里最难的一道。 3. She runs fastest in our school. 她在我们学校跑得最快。 句型2：one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 含义：最……之一 中考超级高频考点，两个必记细节： ① 必须带 the ② 后面名词必须复数 例句 1. Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China. 北京是中国最古老的城市之一。 2. This is one of the most interesting books. 这是最有趣的书之一。 句型3：the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数名词 含义：第几最…… 序数词：first、second、third 例句 1. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。 四、最高级专属修饰词 只能修饰最高级，不可修饰比较级、原级： 1. by far（……得多、远超） 1. nearly、almost、much（极少用，仅限最高级语境） 常用搭配 by far the best 迄今为止最好的 五、原级 / 比较级 / 最高级 完整对照表 级别 对比数量 标志词 核心句型 原级 无对比 / 两者等同 very / too / so / quite as…as… 比较级 两者对比 much / even / a little / far 比较级 + than 最高级 三者及以上 by far / nearly the 最高级 + in/of 六、最高级高频易错陷阱（丢分重灾区） 1. the 的用法规则 ✅ 形容词最高级：必须加 the ✅ 副词最高级：the 可加可省略 ✅ 形容词最高级前有物主代词时，不加 the 例：my best friend（正确） / my the best friend（错误） 2. elder / oldest 区分 1. oldest：年龄最大的、最旧的（通用最高级） 1. eldest：专指兄弟姐妹长幼排行 my eldest sister 大姐 3. 范围陷阱 没有 in/of 范围，不能随便用最高级 只有明确三者及以上对比，才可以用最高级。 4. one of 必考坑 one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词 谓语动词用单数 例：One of the most popular sports is basketball. 一、单项选择 1．This is the ________ TV programme I have watched. I don’t like it at all. A．more boring B．most boring C．more exciting D．most exciting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最无聊的电视节目。我一点也不喜欢它。 more boring更无聊的；most boring最无聊的。more exciting更令人兴奋的；most exciting最令人兴奋的。根据后面的“I don’t like it at all.”可知，此处表示“看过的最无聊的电视节目”。 2．Of all the teachers, Mr. Wang is always ________. A．busy B．busiest C．the busier D．the busiest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在所有老师中，王老师总是最忙的。 busy忙碌的；busiest最忙碌的；the busier更忙碌的；the busiest最忙碌的。根据“Of all the teachers”可知比较范围是三者及以上，应用最高级，且形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。 3．Skating is one of ________ sports in winter. Teenagers love to play in the snow. A．the most popular B．popular C．more popular 【答案】A 【详解】句意：滑冰是冬季最受欢迎的运动之一。青少年喜欢在雪中玩耍。 根据固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，表示“最……之一”，且后文提到青少年喜欢在雪中玩耍，说明滑冰很受欢迎，因此需用最高级形式。 4．Which shirt is ________ , the red one, the blue one, or the white one? A．expensive B．more expensive C．most expensive D．the most expensive 【答案】D 【详解】句意：哪件衬衫是最贵的，红色的、蓝色的还是白色的那件？ 根据句中提到的三件衬衫“the red one, the blue one or the white one”进行比较，三者或三者以上的比较应用最高级。形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the，应填the most expensive。 5．Suzy spent ________ time on mobile phones in her class because she likes to read books in her spare time. A．fewer B．less C．the fewest D．the least 【答案】D 【详解】句意：苏茜在她的课上花在手机上的时间最少，因为她喜欢在业余时间看书。 fewer更少的，是比较级，修饰可数名词；less更少的，是比较级，修饰不可数名词；the fewest最少的，是最高级，修饰可数名词；the least最少的，是最高级，修饰不可数名词。time是不可数名词，用less或the least修饰，根据比较范围“in her class”此处用最高级the least。 6．Shanghai is one of ________ in the world. It is also one of the trade centers (贸易中心) of the world. A．the largest city B．the largest cities C．larger city 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上海是世界上最大的城市之一。它也是世界的贸易中心。 考查形容词最高级和one of的用法。根据分析可知，此处为“one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词”结构，表示“最……的之一”，此处指最大的城市之一。故选B。 7．The Zhaozhou Bridge is one of ________ stone bridges in the world. A．old B．older C．the older D．the oldest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：赵州桥是世界上最古老的石桥之一。 考查形容词最高级。此处是结构“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“最……的……之一”。故选D。 8．—Which is ________ season in your hometown? —I think it’s spring. Everything is so beautiful. A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．the nicest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你的家乡哪个季节最好？——我认为是春天。一切都如此美丽。 考查形容词最高级。nice好的；nicer更好的；nicest最好的；the nicest最好的。根据“in your hometown”可知，此处是三者以上的比较，应用最高级，形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。故选D。 9．Chinese is one of ________ in the world. As Chinese students, we should learn it well. A．the old language B．oldest languages C．the older language D．the oldest languages 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中文是世界上最古老的语言之一。作为中国学生，我们应该学好它。 考查形容词最高级用法。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构表示“最……之一”，old的最高级形式为oldest，“the oldest languages”符合语法规则。故选D。 10．Lucy is _________ girl in our class. A．the most outgoing B．more outgoing C．most outgoing D．outgoing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Lucy是我们班上最外向的女孩。 考查形容词最高级的用法。根据“in our class”表示在班级范围内（三者或以上），需用最高级形式，且最高级前通常加定冠词“the”。选项A“the most outgoing”结构完整正确。故选A。 11．—This movie is ________ one I’ve seen this year. —Yes. In fact, it is even ________ than the book. A．more interesting; better B．the most interesting; good C．interesting; good D．the most interesting; better 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这部电影是我今年看过的最有趣的电影。——是的。事实上，它甚至比原著书更好。 考查形容词的比较级和最高级。more interesting更有趣的，形容词比较级；better更好的，形容词比较级；the most interesting最有趣的，形容词最高级；good好的，形容词原级；interesting有趣的，形容词原级。第一空，根据空格后“I’ve seen this year”可知，此处表示在今年看过的所有电影范围内进行比较，范围在三者或以上，应用形容词最高级the most interesting；第二空，根据空格后“than”可知，此处是将电影与原著书两者进行比较，应用形容词比较级，且“even”修饰比较级表示程度加深，good的比较级为better。故选D。 12．—Which person in history do you admire? —Beethoven. He was one of ________. He never gave up his dream for music. A．the greatest artists B．the greatest artist C．the great artist D．the greater artist 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你最敬佩历史上的哪个人？——贝多芬。他是最伟大的艺术家之一。他从未放弃对音乐的梦想。 考查最高级。此处是one of the+最高级+名词复数，表示“……最……之一”。故选A。 13．Tony is ________ student in his class because he works ________ than the others. A．best; hard B．the best; harder C．the best; the harder D．best; harder 【答案】B 【详解】句意：托尼是他班上最好的学生，因为他比别人更努力。 考查形容词最高级和副词比较级。根据“student in his class”可知是班里最好的学生，修饰名词用形容词的最高级best，最高级前加定冠词the；根据“than”可知此处修饰动词，用副词的比较级harder，不加定冠词。故选B。 14．Tigers are one of ________ animals in the world. A．dangerous B．more dangerous C．the most dangerous D．most dangerous 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老虎是世界上最危险的动物之一。 考查形容词最高级。dangerous危险的；more dangerous更危险的；the most dangerous最危险的；most dangerous最危险的。“one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，其中最高级前必须加the。选项C“the most dangerous”符合此结构。故选C。 15．—Mary is one of ________ students in our class. —She is as ________ as her friends. A．friendlier; the friendliest B．friendly; friendliest C．the friendliest; friendly D．friendlier; friendly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——玛丽是我们班最友好的学生之一。——她和她的朋友一样友好。 考查形容词最高级和原级的用法。friendlier更友好的，形容词比较级；the friendliest最友好的，the+形容词最高级；friendly友好的，形容词原级；friendliest最友好的，形容词最高级。第一个空，此句为“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“最……的……之一”，因此填the+形容词最高级的the friendliest；第二个空，此句为“as+形容词原级+as”结构，表示“和……一样”，因此填形容词原级的friendly。故选C。 16．Yang Zhenning is one of the ______ physicists in the world. In 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics with his partner Li Zhengdao. A．great B．greater C．greatest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杨振宁是世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。1957年，他与合作伙伴李政道共同获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。 考查形容词最高级用法。great伟大的，原级；greater更伟大的，比较级；greatest最伟大的，最高级。根据“one of the ... physicists”可知，此处是one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”，空处用最高级。故选C。 17．Grace is ________ than I, and she is one of ________ students in our class. A．the most hard-working; the most hard-working B．more hard-working; more hard-working C．more hard-working; the most hard-working D．the most hard-working; more hard-working 【答案】C 【详解】句意：格蕾丝比我更努力，且她是班上最努力的学生之一。 考查形容词比较级与最高级的用法。the most hard-working; the most hard-working最努力；最努力；more hard-working; more hard-working较努力；较努力；more hard-working; the most hard-working较努力；最努力；the most hard-working; more hard-working最努力；较努力。第一空根据“than”可知，表示两者比较，需用比较级more hard-working；第二空根据“in our class”和“one of the+最高级”结构可知，此处需用最高级the most hard-working。故选C。 18．—Who jumps ________, Greg or Henry? —Henry. In fact, he jumps ________of all the boys. A．higher, higher B．the highest, the highest C．higher, the highest D．the highest, higher 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁跳得更高，格雷格还是亨利？——亨利。事实上，他是所有男孩中跳得最高的。 higher更高；the highest最高的。根据“Greg or Henry”可知是两者之间的比较，第一空应用比较级higher；根据“of all the boys”可知是所有男孩中的比较(三者及以上)，第二空应用最高级the highest。 19．Of all the subjects, I like English ________. It’s so interesting. A．well B．better C．best D．the better 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在所有科目中，我最喜欢英语。它很有趣。 考查副词最高级使用。well好，原级；better更好，比较级；best最好。最高级；the better更好，比较级。根据“of all the subjects”可知，是多个科目之间的比较，因此使用最高级。故选C。 20．—Mike runs faster than ________ in his class. —You’re right. He is a member of the school race team. A．the other boy B．any other boy C．any boys 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Mike比他班上任何其他男孩跑得更快。——你是对的。他是学校田径队的一员。 考查比较级。the other boy另一个男孩；any other boy任何其他男孩；any boys任何男孩，包括Mike自己，逻辑错误。根据“Mike runs faster than…in his class.”可知，Mike属于“他的班级”这个范围，需排除自身进行比较，符合“any other + 单数名词”的比较级结构，表示与群体中其他个体比较。故选B。 二、单词拼写 21．Which is the ________ (bad) clothes store in your town? 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：在你的城镇里哪一家是最差的服装店？结合语境可知是在城镇所有服装店的范围内进行比较，比较对象超过三个，应该用形容词的最高级形式。“bad”的最高级是worst，且形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词the，但题目中已有“the”，故填worst。 22．Judy is ________ (tall) of us three. 【答案】the tallest 【详解】句意：朱迪是我们三个人里最高的。tall意为“高的”，在“of us three”这个表示三者及以上范围的语境中，需要用形容词的最高级形式，且最高级前要加定冠词the，故填the tallest。 23．Peter is the ________ (heavy) boy in his class. 【答案】heaviest 【详解】句意：彼得是他班上体重最重的男孩。根据“in his class”可知，比较范围是在班级里，应用最高级，heavy的最高级形式是heaviest。故填heaviest。 24．Among the new college students, Amy spends the _______ (little) pocket money on fast food. 【答案】least 【详解】句意：在新大学生中，艾米花费在快餐上的零花钱最少。“Among the new college students”表示在多个对象中进行比较，用最高级表达，little的最高级是least。故填least。 25．Reading is one of __________________ skills for students. (important) 【答案】the most important   【详解】句意：阅读对学生来说是最重要的技能之一。important“重要的”，根据“one of...”可知。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……之一”，固定用法，important最高级为the most important。故填the most important。 26．The Forbidden City is one of ________ (famous) palaces in China. 【答案】the most famous 【详解】句意：紫禁城是中国最著名的宫殿之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，因此此处应用famous的最高级most famous，形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故填the most famous。 27．Qomolangma is one of ________ mountains on earth.（high） 【答案】the highest 【详解】句意：珠穆朗玛峰是地球上最高的山峰之一。根据“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”固定搭配可知，意为“最……的……之一”。high高的，形容词，此处需填high的最高级the highest。故填the highest。 28．I hope you will be one of the ________ (win) in the singing competition. 【答案】winners 【详解】句意：我希望你能成为歌唱比赛的获胜者之一。根据“I hope you will be one of the”可知，此处指的是“获胜者”，win为动词，改为名词winner“获胜者”，“one of+可数名词复数形式”意为“……之一”，因此填名词复数。故填winners。 29．The small café on the corner is the third ________ (busy) place in our neighborhood on weekends. 【答案】busiest 【详解】句意：街角那家小咖啡馆是我们社区周末第三个最繁忙的地方。根据“the third…place in our neighborhood”可知，此处应用busy的最高级busiest修饰名词place，前有序数词third修饰，所以无需再加定冠词。故填busiest。 30．—I hear Kitty did ________ (badly) of all in the last exam.       —I am afraid so. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：——我听说Kitty上次考试考得最差。——恐怕是这样。badly“严重地，差，恶劣地”，副词，再结合语境及“…of all in the last exam”可知，此处应指Kitty上次考试考得最差，应用其对应的副词最高级worst。故填worst。 一、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次。 protect  in  happy  look  and  relax  plant  clean  imagine  community Plants and animals are important to us. 1 a world without them. It would be very disappointing. Plants make our air 2 and our environment lively. Animals bring us joy and teach us to be kind. In my neighbourhood, there is a little park with green 3 and a small pond. Birds sing, and fish swim in the water. It’s a quiet place to 4 and enjoy nature. Animals are important to us too. In my 5 there is a pet centre. Kids often go there to help feed and play with the animals. We 6 after dogs, cats, and even some rabbits. Caring for them brings us lots of 7 . Animals don’t talk like us, but they communicate with us in their own way. They make us feel happy 8 understood. Plants and animals might seem different, but they both play a part 9 making our lives better. They help us feel connected to nature. We should 10 them because they are important to us. Actually, we can learn a lot from them. 【答案】 1．Imagine 2．clean 3．plants 4．relax 5．community 6．look 7．happiness 8．and 9．in 10．protect 【导语】本文介绍了植物和动物对人类的重要性，通过作者的社区生活实例，说明它们如何改善人类生活，并呼吁人们保护它们。 1．句意：想象一个没有它们的世界。此处需要一个动词原形，在句中表示祈使句的动作。因为后文描述了“没有它们的世界会很令人失望”，需要动词引出这一假设场景，所以选择Imagine。 2．句意：植物使我们的空气清新，环境充满生机。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作宾语补足语。因为前文提到植物对人类的重要性，结合常识，植物能净化空气，所以选择clean。 3．句意：在我家附近，有一个种满绿色植物的小公园和一个小池塘。此处需要一个名词复数，在句中表示公园中的景物。因为前文提到“green”修饰，且公园中常见绿色植物，所以选择plants。 4．句意：这是一个可以放松和享受自然的安静地方。不定式符号to后用动词原形，在句中作后置定语修饰place。因为前文提到公园是安静的地方，适合放松身心，所以选择relax。 5．句意：在我的社区里有一个宠物中心。 此处需要一个名词，在句中表示地点。因为前文提到“in my neighbourhood”，后文提到宠物中心，所以选择community。 6．句意：我们照顾狗、猫，甚至一些兔子。此处需要一个动词原形，与主语We搭配。因为后文提到照顾动物，固定搭配look after表示“照顾”，所以选择look。 7．句意：照顾它们给我们带来了很多快乐。此处需要一个名词，在句中作宾语。因为前文提到和动物互动带来积极感受，lots of后接名词，所以选择happiness。 8．句意：它们让我们感到快乐和被理解。此处需要一个并列连词，在句中连接两个并列的形容词。因为“happy”和“understood”是并列的感受，所以选择and。 9．句意：植物和动物看似不同，但它们都在改善我们的生活中发挥着作用。此处需要一个介词，与前面的play a part构成固定搭配。因为固定搭配play a part in表示“在……中起作用”，所以选择in。 10．句意：我们应该保护它们，因为它们对我们很重要。此处需要一个动词原形，与情态动词should搭配。因为前文提到动植物的重要性，后文呼吁行动，所以选择protect。 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 ton  old  run  two  long  tool  they  world  amaze  actually Do you know what the fastest animal in the world is? How about the smartest animal? Do you know which animal lives the longest? Let’s read about some of these 1 animals. The fastest land animal in the world is the cheetah (猎豹). Cheetahs can run at about 120 kilometers an hour. When they are 2 at that speed (速度), they spend more time in the air than on the ground. Blue whales are the 3 largest animals. They are about 38 meters long, and they weigh around 170 4 . Blue whales eat about 3,600 kilograms of food every day. Of course, the smartest animals in the world are humans. The 5 smartest animal is the chimpanzee (黑猩猩). Chimps can make 6 and build things. They can also solve problems. Some chimps can even use 7 hands to make words and communicate. Other very smart animals are dolphins and parrots. Most people believe that tortoises live the longest in the world. It’s true that tortoises live 8 than other animals on land. The 9 tortoises lived up to 188 years old. 10 , some ocean animals live longer. Some koi, a kind of goldfish, can live for more than 200 years. 【答案】 1．amazing 2．running 3．world’s 4．tons 5．second 6．tools 7．their 8．longer 9．oldest 10．Actually 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界上最快的动物猎豹、第二大的动物蓝鲸、第二聪明的动物黑猩猩以及寿命较长的乌龟，并补充说明了一些海洋动物的寿命可能更长。 1．句意：让我们来了解一下这些令人惊叹的动物中的一些吧。此处需要一个形容词作定语，修饰名词“animals”。根据前文提到的“the fastest land animal”“the smartest animal”以及“which animal lives the longest”可知，这里是在介绍一些特别的动物，“amazing”表示“令人惊叹的”，符合语境。 2．句意：当它们以那样的速度奔跑时，它们在空中比在地面上花费的时间更多。此处需要一个动词的现在分词形式与“are”构成现在进行时态，表示正在进行的动作。根据前文“The fastest land animal in the world is the cheetah”可知，这里是在说猎豹的速度，“run”表示“奔跑”，符合语境，且用现在分词形式“running”与“are”构成现在进行时。 3．句意：蓝鲸是世界上最大的动物。此处需要一个词作定语。根据后文“They are about 38 meters long”以及常识可知，蓝鲸是世界上最大的动物，用名词所有格world’s。 4．句意：它们大约有38米长，重约170吨。此处需要一个名词作宾语，表示重量单位。根据前文“they weigh around”可知，这里是在说蓝鲸的重量，“ton”表示“吨”，符合语境，且用复数形式“tons”。 5．句意：第二聪明的动物是黑猩猩。此处需要一个序数词表示顺序。根据前文“Of course, the smartest animals in the world are humans”可知，人类是最聪明的动物，这里用“second”表示黑猩猩是第二聪明的，符合语境。 6．句意：黑猩猩可以制作工具并建造东西。此处需要一个名词作宾语。根据后文“and build things”以及常识可知，黑猩猩有制作工具的能力，“tool”表示“工具”，符合语境，且用复数形式“tools”表示多种工具。 7．句意：一些黑猩猩甚至可以用它们的手来造字和交流。此处需要一个形容词性的物主代词作定语，修饰名词“hands”。根据前文“Some chimps”可知，这里是在说一些黑猩猩，“they”的形容词性物主代词是“their”，表示“它们的”。 8．句意：的确，乌龟比陆地上的其他动物活得更长。此处需要一个副词的比较级形式修饰动词“live”，表示比较。根据前文“Most people believe that tortoises live the longest in the world”可知，这里是在说乌龟的寿命，“long”的比较级是“longer”，表示“更长”，符合语境。 9．句意：最老的乌龟活到了188岁。此处需要一个形容词的最高级形式作定语，修饰名词“tortoises”。根据后文“lived up to 188 years old”可知，这里是在说一只非常老的乌龟，“old”的最高级是“oldest”，表示“最老的”，符合语境。 10．句意：实际上，一些海洋动物活得更长。此处需要一个副词作状语，修饰整个句子。根据后文“some ocean animals live longer”可知，这里是在补充说明一些海洋动物的寿命情况，“actually”表示“实际上”，符合语境。 二、短文填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给的词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺，连贯。 Animals have the ability to make people understand them, especially when they are 1 serious danger and hope to get help from man. And they often play a role in 2 (help) one another. One day, I 3 (visit) my friend Jack on a sheep farm in North America. Suddenly one mother sheep came to cry in front of us. She made quite 4 (loudly) and strange cries. Jack said, “Something wrong must 5 (actual) happen. Come on, Mike. Let’s follow her.” Together we followed the sheep back to where she was feeding on the farm. She rushed forward and kept on looking back to see if we were coming. She finally took us to 6 well (井), and we heard the sad voice of her young baby. It fell into the well. As the well had no water and was only six feet deep, we took some 7 (act)—we found a ladder (梯子) and climbed down along it. After a few minutes, we were able to save the baby sheep. The mother sheep looked quite 8 (happiness). Her baby could sleep to get together with her again! She came to tell 9 (we) her difficulty and got help. How 10 (amaze) it was! 【答案】 1．in 2．helping 3．visited 4．loud 5．actually 6．a 7．action 8．happy 9．us 10．amazing 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在朋友Jack的农场经历的一件趣事：一只母羊因孩子掉入井中而发出异常叫声，成功引起了人的注意，最终孩子获救。 1．句意：动物有能力让人们理解它们，尤其是当它们处于严重危险中并希望得到人类帮助的时候。be in...danger为固定短语，意为“处于……危险中”，此处用介词in。 2．句意：它们经常在相互帮助中发挥作用。介词of后接动名词作宾语，help的动名词为helping。 3．句意：有一天，我去拜访我在北美洲一个绵羊农场的朋友Jack。根据时间状语“One day”可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。 4．句意：它发出相当响亮而奇怪的叫声。此处修饰名词cries，应用形容词。loudly为副词，其形容词形式为loud。 5．句意：一定真的发生了什么事。此处修饰动词happen，应用副词。actual的副词为actually。 6．句意：它最终把我们带到了一个井边，我们听到了它孩子悲伤的声音。根据后文“It fell into the well.”可知，此处指“一口井”，well以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 7．句意：由于井里没有水，只有六英尺深，我们采取了一些行动——找了一个梯子爬了下去。take action为固定短语，意为“采取行动”。 8．句意：母羊看起来非常开心。根据后文“Her baby could sleep to get together with her again!”可知，母羊很开心。此处作looked的表语，应用形容词happy。 9．句意：它来告诉我们它的困难并得到了帮助。动词tell后接人称代词宾格，we的宾格为us。 10．句意：这多么令人惊叹啊！此处为感叹句结构“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”，amaze的形容词形式为amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，每空一词。 Tigers have bright eyes, yellow fur and black stripes. They look so beautiful and cute at 1 (born). They can move very fast. They are good at hunting other 2 (animal). Tigers like to live with their cubs (幼崽) as 3 family, but baby tigers will live alone when they grow up. 4 (sad), tigers are facing a lot of serious problems. In the past, people 5 (cut) down large forests and built farms, so they lost much living space. Now, the number of tigers 6 (be) becoming smaller and smaller. If people keep taking their land, tigers will have no place 7 (live). Also, people kill them 8 their fur and bones to make money. If we do not help them, there will be no tigers left in the world. Can you imagine (想象) what will happen to 9 (they)? Maybe they will die out in the future. A feeling of sadness comes over us when we think of this. I think if we give tigers more protected land and stop people from hunting them, they will live 10 (well) than before. Let’s act right now! 【答案】 1．birth 2．animals 3．a 4．Sadly 5．cut 6．is 7．to live 8．for 9．them 10．better 【导语】本文是一篇关于老虎生存现状的说明文，主要介绍了老虎的外貌特征、生活习性以及它们目前面临的生存威胁，包括栖息地丧失和非法捕猎，同时呼吁人们采取行动保护老虎。 1．句意：它们刚出生时看起来如此美丽和可爱。根据括号内提示词“born”以及介词“at”可知，此处考查固定搭配“at birth”，意为“出生时”，指从出生那一刻起的状态。故填birth。 2．句意：它们擅长捕猎其他动物。根据“other”可知，其后接可数名词复数形式，animal 是可数名词，意为 “动物”，其复数形式是 “animals”。故填animals。 3．句意：老虎喜欢以家庭为单位生活。根据“family”可知，此处表示“一个家庭”，表泛指，family是以辅音音素开头的单词，前面用不定冠词“a”，as a family是固定搭配，意为“以家庭为单位”。故填a。 4．句意：令人悲伤的是，老虎正面临许多严重的问题。此处位于句首，修饰整个句子，需用副词形式，表达“令人悲伤地”这一情绪。括号内给出的“sad”是形容词，其副词形式为“sadly”。故填Sadly。 5．句意：过去，人们砍伐大片森林并建立农场，因此它们失去了很多生存空间。根据“In the past”可知，句子描述过去发生且已完成的动作，应使用一般过去时。动词“cut”的过去式与原形同形。故填cut。 6．句意：现在，老虎的数量正变得越来越少。根据“Now”和“becoming”可知，此处描述当前正在发生的情况，应使用现在进行时；根据“the number of tigers”可知，谓语动词用单数形式，be动词需用单数形式“is”。故填is。 7．句意：如果人们继续侵占它们的土地，老虎将没有地方生活。根据“have no place”可知，此处考查“have no place to do sth.”的固定结构，意为“没有做某事的地方”，动词不定式“to live”作后置定语修饰“place”。故填to live。 8．句意：此外，人们为了获取它们的毛皮和骨头来赚钱而杀死它们。根据“kill them… their fur and bones”可知，此处表示猎杀老虎的目的，意为“为了获取它们的皮毛和骨头”。“for”可以表示目的或原因，符合语境。故填for。 9．句意：你能想象什么事情将会发生在它们身上吗？根据“happen to”可知，to是介词，其后接人称代词的宾格形式，they是主格，其宾格形式是“them”。故填them。 10．句意：我认为如果我们给老虎更多的保护地并阻止人们猎杀它们，它们会比以前生活得更好。根据“than before”可知，此处含比较，需用“well”的比较级“better”。故填better。 三、完形填空 I’m a little clownfish, and I like to live in coral reefs, but I don’t always stay there.           When I was 1 , I walked slowly in the open ocean for months. When I grew up, I wanted to get back home. But only the reef’s small sound 2 me home. Unluckily, the sea isn’t as 3 as it used to be. Humans make it a noisy place. Their noises are often 4 than the natural ones, so we can’t find our way back easily.                                                               I’m not the only one to suffer (遭受). Deep (深的) underwater, there is little light. Sounds, however, travel 5 . Many of my friends depend on (依靠) their 6 to live. Dolphins call each other by special names, and whales sing beautiful songs. But now, the noise is 7 their lives. So, they swim away from the noise. However, we can hear human-made noise 8 . We have to leave our homes and move to quieter areas. In those areas, we must 9 with others for food and homes. Over time, our 10 get smaller and smaller.    Luckily, I discover humans are taking action to cut down noise. I hope our lives will become better. 1．A．sick B．young C．happy 2．A．guided B．invited C．welcomed 3．A．blue B．beautiful C．peaceful 4．A．louder B．clearer C．closer 5．A．safely B．slowly C．easily 6．A．touching B．hearing C．swimming 7．A．saving B．affecting C．improving 8．A．nowhere B．somewhere C．everywhere 9．A．fight B．compare C．connect 10．A．bodies B．differences C．populations 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文以小丑鱼的第一人称视角，讲述海洋噪音污染对海洋生物导航、生存的影响，以及人类开始采取行动减少噪音。 1．句意：当我年轻的时候，我在开阔的海洋中缓慢游动了几个月。 根据后文“When I grew up”可知，这是讲述小时候的经历。应选用young，表示“年轻的”。sick“生病的”、happy“开心的”，均不符合时间对比的逻辑。 2．句意：但只有礁石微小的声音引导我回家。 根据上文“get back home”及声音的作用，此处表示声音指引方向。应选用guided，表示“引导”。invited“邀请”、welcomed“欢迎”，均不符合。 3．句意：不幸的是，海洋不再像以前那样安静了。 根据下文“Humans make it a noisy place”，说明海洋变得吵闹，以前是安静的。应选用peaceful，表示“安静的”。blue“蓝色”的、beautiful“美丽的”，均不符合。 4．句意：他们的噪音通常比自然的声音更大，所以我们不容易找到回去的路。 根据“noisy”及比较级than，人类制造的噪音更响亮。应选用louder，表示“更响亮的”。clearer“更清晰”、closer“更近”，均不符合。 5．句意：然而，声音很容易传播。 上文说深海光线少，但声音传播情况不同。根据常识及上下文，声音在水中传播容易。应选用easily，表示“容易地”。safely“安全地”、slowly“缓慢地”，均不符合。 6．句意：我的许多朋友依靠听觉生存。 根据上文“Sounds”和下文“Dolphins call each other... whales sing”，说明它们依赖听觉进行交流和生活。应选用hearing，表示“听觉”。touching“触觉”、swimming“游泳”，均不符合。 7．句意：但是现在，噪音正在影响它们的生活。 根据后文“they swim away from the noise”，说明噪音对生活产生了负面作用。应选用affecting，表示“影响”。saving“拯救”、improving“改善”，均不符合。 8．句意：然而，我们到处都能听到人为的噪音。 根据“We have to leave our homes”及上下文，噪音无处不在。应选用everywhere，表示“到处”。nowhere“无处”、somewhere“某处”，均不符合。 9．句意：在这些地区，我们必须与其他生物竞争食物和家园。 根据“with others for food and homes”，表示为了资源而争斗。应选用fight，构成fight with sb. for sth.，意为“为……而与……争斗”。compare“比较”、connect“连接”，均不符合。 10．句意：随着时间的推移，我们的种群数量变得越来越少。 根据上文竞争激烈、栖息地减少，导致种群数量下降。应选用populations，表示“种群数量”。bodies“身体”、differences“差异”，均不符合。 We’re studying birds for Bird Week at school. Some lucky kids got penguins, but I have to write about 1 . On the first day, I watched pigeons in the park. All morning long, they just knocked around and left droppings (粪) everywhere. I thought they were really boring and 2 . When a girl started feeding them, the pigeons flew to her 3 . They looked really scary (吓人的)! On the second day, I did some online research. To 4 surprise, pigeons can recognize (认出) themselves in mirrors. Are they so clever? I decided to go and 5 them again. The next morning, I was back at the park. I saw a pigeon looking at itself in the 6 ! Maybe I was wrong about them. To know more about them, I headed to the library. I 7 that there are over 200 kinds of pigeons. Some can fly thousands of kilometers without 8 . They can fly over 100 km a (an) 9 —as fast as my dad’s car! In the end, I realized pigeons aren’t boring or 10 at all. They’re truly amazing; I just didn’t know enough about them before. 1．A．monkeys B．mice C．pigeons D．elephants 2．A．dirty B．pretty C．sleepy D．sweet 3．A．slowly B．quickly C．softly D．quietly 4．A．their B．your C．my D．his 5．A．eat B．feed C．watch D．buy 6．A．air B．water C．ground D．sky 7．A．found B．advised C．dreamt D．explained 8．A．counting down B．getting lost C．doing exercise D．coming out 9．A．minute B．hour C．day D．week 10．A．happy B．delicious C．humorous D．scary 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文讲述作者学校开展鸟类周学习活动，作者最初觉得鸽子无趣又吓人，深入了解后发现鸽子十分神奇，从而改变对鸽子看法的故事。 1．句意：一些幸运的孩子研究企鹅，但我必须写关于鸽子的内容。 根据下文多次出现的关键词“pigeons”，全文围绕鸽子展开，pigeons“鸽子”符合全文语境。monkeys“猴子”、mice“老鼠”、elephants“大象”，均不符。 2．句意：我觉得它们又无聊又脏。 根据前文鸽子到处乱飞、随处排便的描写，此处是对鸽子的负面评价，dirty“脏的”符合语境。pretty“漂亮的”、sleepy“困倦的”、sweet“可爱的”，均不符。 3．句意：当一个女孩开始喂它们时，鸽子迅速飞向她。 结合生活常识和语境，觅食的鸽子会快速飞过来，quickly“快速地”符合逻辑。slowly“缓慢地”、softly“轻柔地”、quietly“安静地”，均不符。 4．句意：令我惊讶的是，鸽子能在镜子里认出自己。 固定搭配to my surprise表示“令我惊讶的是”，my“我的”符合第一人称叙事语境。their“他们的”、your“你的”、his“他的”，均不符。 5．句意：我决定再次去观察它们。 前文作者近距离观察过鸽子，了解新知识后决定再次观察，watch“观察”符合语境。eat“吃”、feed“喂养”、buy“购买”，均不符。 6．句意：我看见一只鸽子在水中看自己的倒影。 根据前文“recognize themselves in mirrors”（照镜子认自己），只有水面可以形成倒影，water“水”符合语境。air“空气”、ground“地面”、sky“天空”，均不符。 7．句意：我发现世界上有两百多种鸽子。 根据前文作者去图书馆查阅资料的情节，此处指查阅后得知、发现信息，found“发现”符合语境。advised“建议”、dreamt“梦想”、explained“解释”，均不符。 8．句意：有些鸽子可以飞行数千公里而不迷路。 结合鸽子的生活习性，鸽子擅长远距离飞行且不会迷路，getting lost“迷路”符合语境。counting down“倒计时”、doing exercise“锻炼”、coming out“出现”，均不符。 9．句意：它们每小时可以飞行一百多公里，和爸爸的汽车一样快。 结合车速常识，此处描述飞行速度，hour“小时”符合速度单位逻辑。minute“分钟”、day“天”、week“周”，均不符。 10．句意：最后我意识到鸽子一点也不无聊、不吓人。 呼应前文作者觉得鸽子很吓人的内容，scary“吓人的”符合前后文呼应逻辑。happy“开心的”、delicious“美味的”、humorous“幽默的”，均不符。 四、阅读理解 ①They may look like something out of an amazing movie, but narwhals (独角鲸) are very real animals. Here are some fun facts about narwhals. ②Narwhals change color a few times during their lives. When they’re born, most baby narwhals are blue-gray. But as they grow older, their color changes to blue-black, while adult narwhals are usually gray with dark spots. Old narwhals are almost all white. ③Like elephant tusks (长牙), a narwhal’s tusk is a tooth. It can grow as long as 3 meters. ________. They use tusks to attract female narwhals. Narwhals also use their tusks to hit fish so they can catch and eat fish easily. And some narwhals even have two tusks! ④Narwhals are among the deepest diving (潜水) whales, reaching depths of about 1,500 meters—although some can reach depths of over 1,700 meters, according to the University of Washington. Narwhals usually stay less than 50 meters from the water, however. But they can stay underwater for 25 minutes before needing to come up for air ⑤Living in the cold Arctic waters of Greenland, Norway, Russia and Canada, narwhals don’t have a dorsal fin (背鳍). The absence (缺乏) of a dorsal fin makes the narwhal prevent heat loss and helps them to swim under the ice. ⑥Known as the “unicorns of the sea”, narwhals are really interesting animals you must watch when you take a trip to the Arctic Circle. 1．What color is a young narwhal? A．Blue-gray. B．Blue-black. C．Almost all white. D．Gray with darker spots. 2．Which sentence is the best for “________” in Paragraph 3? A．It comes out of its head. B．Most female narwhals do not have tusks. C．Male (雄性) narwhals all have tusks. D．Scientists are still unsure about uses of their tusks. 3．Which is the best structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了独角鲸的颜色变化、长牙特点、潜水能力和身体结构等有趣知识，让读者了解这种被称为“海中独角兽”的动物。 1．根据第二段“When they’re born, most baby narwhals are blue-gray.”可知，幼年独角鲸的颜色是蓝灰色（blue-gray）。 2．第三段介绍独角鲸的长牙，后文提到“They use tusks to attract female narwhals.”（它们用长牙吸引雌性独角鲸），说明主语是雄性独角鲸。C选项“Male (雄性) narwhals all have tusks.”既承接了前文“独角鲸的长牙可长到3米”的话题，又引出了后文雄性用长牙吸引雌性的内容，逻辑连贯。 3．文章第①段总起，引出独角鲸及本文将介绍它的有趣知识；第②-⑤段分别从颜色变化、长牙、潜水能力、无背鳍的身体结构四个方面具体介绍独角鲸的特点；第⑥段总结，再次强调独角鲸的有趣。整体结构为“总—分—总”：P1总述，P2-P5分述，P6总结，与选项D的结构示意图一致。 Everybody knows that cats like to sleep. They spend more than half their lives sleeping and enjoy every minute of it. Other animals have different sleeping habits, however. Horses may not look like they are asleep. But they are! Horses spend about six hours sleeping every day and they do it standing up! Fish also sleep every day but they have a strange (奇怪的) habit. They don’t close their eyes when they are sleeping. When ducks sleep they keep one eye open and half of the brain awake. It helps them stay alert (警觉的) and watch out for dangerous animals. So what about humans (人类)? Well, most people sleep for about a third of their lives. The number of hours you sleep, however, has to do with your age. Most newborn (新生的) babies sleep a lot. They spend about 75% of their time sleeping every day! As you get older, you need less sleep. Children need about eleven hours and adults sleep for eight hours every night. So, yes, you spend many hours a year doing nothing—sleeping in bed! But you’re not just asleep—you’re not really doing nothing. Your body and your mind relax during this time, but a lot of things happen during sleep. Dreams are one way that the mind relaxes after a busy day. A person spends about 20% of every night dreaming. That means you have about four or five dreams every night or about 1,600 dreams a year. 1．From the passage we know that a horse ________. A．sleeps with one eye open B．spends half of its life sleeping C．keeps standing up when sleeping D．doesn’t close its eyes when sleeping 2．According to the passage, how long do most new born babies sleep one day? A．For about 12 hours. B．For about 14 hours. C．For about 16 hours. D．For about 18 hours. 3．Which animal sleeps with one eye open and half of the brain awake? A．duck B．horse C．hen D．fish 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Nothing happens during sleep. B．At night, a man will spend about 2 hours to dream if he sleeps for 10 hours. C．Fish never sleep, because they cannot close eyes. D．Horses spend about six hours to sleeping every day in bed. 5．Where does the passage probably come from? A．An art book. B．A science book. C．A sports book. D．A history book. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了动物睡眠习性和人类睡眠特点。 1．根据第一段最后一句“Horses spend about six hours sleeping every day and they do it standing up!”可知，马睡觉时是站立的。 2．根据第三段中“They spend about 75% of their time sleeping every day!”可知，新生儿每天睡眠时间为 24 小时的 75%，即 24 × 0.75 = 18 小时。 3．根据第二段中“When ducks sleep, they keep one eye open and half of the brain awake.”可知，这种动物是鸭子。 4．根据最后一段“A person spends about 20% of every night dreaming.”可知，如果睡 10 小时，做梦时间约为 10 × 20% = 2 小时。 5．文章介绍了不同动物和人类的睡眠习惯、生理特征（如大脑活动、做梦比例）等科学知识，属于生物学或科学范畴，因此最可能来自科学书籍。 完成图表。根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息，词数不限。 Do you enjoy planting flowers with your family? Do you know how to make your garden more beautiful? Many people may say sure. Sunlight and water, of course! However, there is another surprising key helping you to grow happy and healthy plants. That is music! According to a study, listening to music can affect plant growth. It shows that plants grow faster, with larger flowers and healthier leaves when they listen to music. Also, different kinds of music even have different influences (影响) on plants. How can this happen? In fact, plants don’t hear sounds like humans do, but they can feel vibrations (震动) from sounds. These sound vibrations can help plants grow like wind or water.   Then, what kinds of music do plants like better? Chris Beardshaw, a famous expert（专家） in gardening, once did some research on this. He discovered that classical music improved plant growth, and that heavy metal music also helped grow healthier plants. However, he found that rock music might cause plants to die. So be careful with the kinds of music when you play music in your garden. In a word, the study showed that plants like rhythmic (有节奏的) music better, especially classical music and heavy metal music. Actually, it’s not easy to understand what music plants like better. That’s because it also depends on (取决于) the kinds of plants, the kinds of music, and the areas where plants grow. In order to build a bridge between music and plant growth, people need to do more studies. Whether (是否) or not plants truly like music, you can play music in your garden, especially when you work there. At the very least, music can make you enjoy the work more. 1． 2． 3． 4． 5． 【答案】1．helps/works/plays a role 2．instead of 3．grow better 4．connect/link 5．add 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了音乐对植物生长的影响，包括不同音乐类型对植物的作用机制及偏好，并建议人们在园艺中加入音乐。 1．根据文章第一段“However, there is another surprising key helping you to grow happy and healthy plants. That is music!（然而，还有另一个令人惊讶的关键可以帮助你种植快乐健康的植物。那就是音乐！）”以及第二段“listening to music can affect plant growth.（听音乐可以影响植物生长。）”可推知，音乐在影响植物生长方面起作用/有帮助。故填helps/works/plays a role。 2．根据文章第三段“In fact, plants don’t hear sounds like humans do, but they can feel vibrations (震动) from sounds.（事实上，植物不像人类那样听到声音，但它们能感觉到声音的震动。）”可推知，植物是感受声音的震动，而不是听到声音。instead of意为“代替；而不是”。故填instead of。 3．根据文章第四段“He discovered that classical music improved plant growth, and that heavy metal music also helped grow healthier plants.（他发现古典音乐能促进植物生长，重金属音乐也有助于植物长得更健康。）”可推知，古典音乐和重金属音乐能帮助植物长得更好/更健康。故填grow better。 4．根据文章第五段“In order to build a bridge between music and plant growth, people need to do more studies.（为了在音乐和植物生长之间建立一座桥梁，人们需要做更多的研究。）”可推知，做更多研究是为了将音乐与植物生长联系起来。connect/link...with...意为“把……和……联系起来”。故填connect/link。 5．根据文章最后一段“Whether (是否) or not plants truly like music, you can play music in your garden, especially when you work there.（无论植物是否真的喜欢音乐，你都可以在花园里播放音乐，尤其是当你在那里工作的时候。）”可推知，建议将音乐添加到日常的园艺工作中。add...to...意为“把……添加到……”。故填add。 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $