专题02 Units 3～4（期末复习讲义）八年级英语下学期新教材译林版

专题02 Units 3~4（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握make up、hand in、fall over等短语。 2. 掌握although、whether、as等连词的用法。 3. 掌握语法：疑问词+动词不定式、must与have to。 复习难点： 1. must与have to的运用。 2. 一般现在时与现在完成时的区别。 考情规律 单项选择：侧重短语辨析与连词运用。 短文填空：侧重词性转化与非谓语动词的用法。 阅读理解：侧重细节理解的能力运用。 知识点1 live adj. 现场演出的；adv. 现场直播。 The pop star gave a wonderful live show last night. 那位流行歌手昨晚办了一场精彩的现场演出。 The news reporter is reporting live from the earthquake area. 那位新闻记者正在地震灾区进行现场报道。 live的实用短语：enjoy live music 享受现场音乐；report live 现场报道 live、lively、alive与living 单词 词性 含义 用法 举例 live 形容词、副词 现场直播的、 现场直播地 前置定语、表语 状语 a live concert，The show is live. record live lively 形容词 活泼的，生动的 定语、表语 a lively discussion，be lively alive 形容词 活着的（强调没死） 作表语、后置定语，不能用于名词前 be/keep alive，anyone alive （an alive bird ×） living 形容词 活着的、现存的 作前置定语、表语 living things，a living animal The _______ girl enjoys watching _______ sports matches every weekend. A.alive, live B. live, live C. lively, live D. lively, alive 知识点2 whether conj. 不管…；是否。常见用法如下： 1. 引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，可用if替换 I wonder whether robots will replace human teachers one day. 我想知道机器人是否有朝一日会取代人类老师。 2. whether...or not，意为“是否”，强调选择 Whether you win or not, trying your best is what really matters. 无论你赢不赢，尽力才是最重要的。 3. whether...or...，意为“无论是……还是……” Whether sunny or rainy, the school sports meet will go on as planned. 无论是晴天还是雨天，校运动会都会按计划进行。 4. whether to do sth，意为“是否做某事” She looked at the menu, wondering whether to order something new. 她看着菜单，犹豫是否要点些没吃过的东西。 She is still thinking about ________ to join the debate team. ________ she does, she will need to practice every day. A. if, Whether B. whether, Whether C. if, If D. whether, If 知识点3 truly adv. 真正，确实。强调客观事实、本质上属实；可修饰动词、形容词，句中、句末都可。也可译为“真诚地”，常用于表达感谢、抱歉等情感。 I truly believe that hard work pays off in the end. 我真心相信努力终有回报。 This is a truly amazing experience for all of us. 这对我们所有人来说都是一次真正令人惊叹的经历。 I am truly sorry for what I said yesterday. 我为我昨天说的话感到非常抱歉。 写作常用句型 1. I truly believe that... 表达观点 2. I am truly sorry that... 表达歉意 3. It was a truly unforgettable experience/wonderful match/... 记叙文结尾 truth名词“真相”→true形容词“真正的”→truly副词“真正、确实” _______ (true) speaking, this lively show is my favorite one. 知识点4 doubt n. 疑问，怀疑；v. 怀疑。常见短语或句型有： 1.no doubt 无疑 No doubt he will win the competition. 毫无疑问他会赢得比赛。 2.There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…… There is no doubt that practice makes perfect. 毫无疑问，熟能生巧。 3.doubt + if/whether... 怀疑是否…… She doubts whether this plan will work well. 她怀疑这个方案是否能顺利实施。 4. don't/never doubt + that... 不怀疑…… Never doubt that a small group of people can change the world. 永远不要怀疑一小群人能够改变世界。 5. beyond doubt / without (a) doubt 确凿无疑、毫无疑问 This is without doubt the best movie I have watched this year. 这无疑是我今年看过的最好的一部电影。 毫无疑问，我们是最后一批动身前往考场的学生。 ________________ we are the last students to leave for the exam room. 知识点5 communication n. 交流，交际。动词形式是communicate，意为“交流、沟通、传达”。 Good communication is important in a team. 良好的沟通在团队中很重要。 Dogs communicate with each other by barking and body language. 狗通过吠叫和肢体语言相互交流。 常用短语：communicate with sb 与某人交流\沟通；have a communication with与某人交流\沟通 遇到问题时，与父母好好沟通很重要。 ______________________________________ your parents when you have problems. 知识点6 although conj. 不过，然而；尽管。引导让步状语从句。 Although the task is difficult, I will not give up. 虽然任务很艰巨，但我不会放弃。 1. although/though不与but连用 Although it was cold, he still went swimming in the lake.虽然天气很冷，他还是去湖里游泳了。 → It was cold, but he still went swimming in the lake. 虽然天气很冷，但他还是去湖里游泳了。 2. though 位置更灵活，可放在句首、句中、句末（表示“不过”），还可用于省略结构中；although只能放在句首或句中，不能放在句末，也不能用于省略结构中。 Although/Though he is busy, he always finds time to read. 虽然他很忙，但他总能找到时间读书。 The movie, though a bit long, was very touching. 这部电影，虽然有点长，但非常感人。（省略句中不能用although替换） I didn't get the prize. It was a great experience, though. 我没得奖。不过，这是一次很棒的经历。 3. even though 即使，语气强弱even though＞although＞though I will support you even though everyone else is against you. 即使其他所有人都反对你，我也会支持你。 ________ you may meet difficulties, remember that courage will help you go further. A.Although B. After C. Since D. Until 知识点7 make up make up：创作，编写；编造；和解；构成；整理；弥补 The little girl made up a beautiful poem for her mother's birthday. 那个小女孩为她妈妈的生日创作了一首优美的诗。 The class is made up of students from ten different countries. 这个班级由来自十个不同国家的学生组成。 make up的常见短语： make up the bed铺床；be made up of由……组成；make up for弥补；make up (with sb)和好 He ________ an excuse about being sick to avoid the math test. A.made up B. gave up C. took up D. hold up 知识点8 fall over fall over意为“摔倒”，fall的过去式是fell。 Be careful not to fall over the rocks when you climb the mountain. 爬山时小心别被石头绊倒。 常见的fall相关短语： fall in love with 爱上，喜欢上；fall behind 落后，跟不上； fall down 跌倒，摔倒；（建筑物等）倒塌；fall off 脱落，掉落；（数量、质量）下降 A few leaves ________ from the old tree and landed softly on the bench. A.fell over B. fell down C. fell behind D. fell off 知识点9 continue vt. & vi. 继续。后接动名词或动词不定式。常见用法有： 1.continue doing sth 继续做同一件事（动作中途没停下，接着做） He continued reading after drinking some water. 他喝了口水，接着继续读书。 2.continue to do sth 做完一件事，转而去继续做另一件事；或中断后重新开始 After cleaning the room, she continued to do her homework. 打扫完房间，她接着去写作业。 After the meeting, she continued _______ (work) on her science project until late at night. 知识点10 either 1. adv. 也 This plan isn't perfect, and that one isn't great, either. 这个方案不算完美，那个方案也不尽如人意。 2. adj. 两者任一的，either+单数名词 You can take either way to reach the quiet mountain village. 两条路任选其一，都能抵达那座宁静的山村。 3. pron. 两者任一 Either of the stories teaches us a meaningful life lesson. 这两个故事，随便哪一个都蕴含着人生道理。 4. conj. either...or... 要么……要么……，就近原则 Either you or he is on duty today. 不是你就是他今天值日。 both、either和neither both 两者都 后接复数 作主语看作复数 either 两者任一 后接单数 作主语看作单数 neither 两者都不 后接单数 作主语看作单数 either...or... 要么……要么……，或者……或者…… 作主语“就近原则” neither...nor... 既不……也不…… 作主语“就近原则” both...and... ……和…… 作主语看作复数 — Which of the two books can I borrow? — _________, but you must return it in two weeks. A.None B. Either C. Neither D. Both 知识点11 certain adj. 确定，必定。反义词是uncertain，表示“不确定的”。certain的常见短语和句型如下： 1 be certain of sth 确信，对……有把握 I am certain of his honesty — he would never lie to me. 我确信他是诚实的——他绝不会对我撒谎。 2 be certain to do sth 必定，一定会做某事 If you keep practicing, you are certain to improve your English. 如果你坚持练习，你的英语一定会提高。 3 be certain that+从句 确信…… We are certain that hard work leads to success. 我们确信努力会带来成功。 4 a certain+名词 某个…… A certain king ruled his kingdom with both wisdom and fear. 某位国王以智慧与恐惧统治着他的王国。 certain的副词形式是certainly，常见搭配如下： 1 certainly not=of course not —Did you break the vase?—Certainly not! I wasn't even in the room. ——是你打碎了花瓶吗？——当然不是！我根本不在房间里。 2 It’s certain that毫无疑问，确实如此 It's certain that no two people see the same sunset in quite the same way. 确实如此，没有两个人会用完全相同的方式看待同一场日落。 sure主语是人，certain主语是人或事物均可。 It's _______ that the more you read, the more you realize how much you don't know. A.sure B. certain C. different D. hopeful 知识点12 advise vt. & vi. 提出建议。常见用法如下： 1 advise sb (not) to do 建议某人（不）做某事 The teacher advised the students not to stay up too late before the exam. 老师建议学生们考试前不要熬夜太晚。 The police advised everyone not to leave their homes during the storm. 警方建议大家在暴风雨期间不要出门。 2 advise (not) doing建议（不）做某事 They advise checking the weather first. 他们建议先查一下天气。 The travel guide advised not visiting the area during the rainy season. 旅行指南建议不要在雨季前往该地区。 advise动词 advise doing advise sb to do advice不可数名词 suggest动词 suggest doing suggest sb/sb’s doing suggestion可数名词 The coach advised the players _________ (not give) up even when they were losing the game. 知识点13 hand in hand in：提交，呈交，上交。 If you don't hand in your homework on time, the teacher will be angry. 如果你不按时交作业，老师会生气的。 常考查hand或in的相似短语辨析： hand in 上交；提交 hand out 分发；散发 hand over 移交；交出 hand down 流传；把…… 传下去 hand on 传递；转交 take in 吸收；理解；收留 join in 参加（活动） check in 登记；入住 break in 闯入；打断 fill in 填写；填满 The librarian handed ________ the reading cards and asked everyone to hand them _______ before leaving. A.out, in B. in, on C. out, on D. in, out 知识点14 difficulty n. 困难。常用短语：have difficulty (in) doing sth，意为“做某事有困难”。 She has difficulty understanding spoken English when people speak too fast. 当人们说得太快时，她很难听懂英语口语。 类似短语：have problems doing sth、have trouble doing sth表示“做某事有困难/麻烦” 此短语易考感叹句，易错！ How much difficulty she had communicating with the local people when she first arrived! 她刚到的时候和当地人交流有多困难啊！ How much difficulty the little boy had _______ (carry) that heavy box! 知识点15 opinion n. 看法，想法，可数名词。常考查短语in one’s opinion，表示“在某人看来”。 In his opinion, the movie was not as good as the book. 在他看来，这部电影没有原著好看。 We should respect others' opinions even if we don't agree with them. 即使我们不同意别人的观点，也应该尊重他们的看法。 opinion、view、idea和thought opinion 个人看法、评价、观点 in one's opinion/view view 见解、立场、正式观点 have different views/opinions 持不同观点 idea 突然冒出的想法、念头 have an idea thought 大脑思考后的想法、深思 deep thoughts Everyone has their own ________ about the new school rules. A. opinion B. result C. thought D. mind 知识点16 疑问词+不定式 “疑问词+不定式”可以作为宾语，常见用法有： 1 动词+疑问词+不定式 I don't know what to do next. 我不知道下一步该做什么。 2 动词+宾语+疑问词+不定式 I asked him when to hand in the report. 我问他什么时候交报告。 3 疑问词+名词+不定式 I have no idea which book to read first. 我不知道该先读哪本书。 4 形容词+疑问词+不定式 I'm not sure how to get there. 我不确定怎么到那里。 5 疑问词+不定式，作主语或表语 How to improve my English is what I'm thinking about. 如何提高我的英语是我正在思考的问题。 The problem is where to find enough clean water. 问题是在哪里找到足够的干净水。 6 疑问词+不定式，改写成该疑问词引导的从句 She asked me where to meet. → She asked me where we should meet. 她问我在哪里见面。 如果疑问词what/who/whom/which book等作动词短语的宾语，则短语中如果有介词，介词不能省。 She was uncertain whom/who to talk to/with when she faced such a difficult decision. 面对如此艰难的决定时，她不确定该找谁商量。（who/whom作talk to/with的宾语） 考试前，老师告诉我们要注意什么。 Before the exam, the teacher told us _______________________. 知识点17 I woke up as the sun was rising.我在太阳升起时醒来的。 as 可以作介词，也可作连词： 1 as介词，意为“作为，像……一样” She works as a teacher in a primary school. 她在一所小学当老师。 He dressed up as a clown for the party. 他打扮成小丑去参加派对。 2 as作为连词： ①意为“当……的时候”引导时间状语从句 As I was leaving, the phone rang. 我正要离开时，电话响了。 ②意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句 As you grow older, you will learn more. 随着年龄增长，你会学到更多。 ③意为“因为、由于”，引导原因状语从句 As he was tired, he went to bed early. 因为他累了，所以早早睡了。 ④意为“虽然、尽管”，引导让步状语从句，常用倒装结构 Hard as she tried, she failed the exam. 尽管她很努力，考试还是没通过。 The old man's health gradually improved ______ he took more exercise every day. A. before B. since C. as D. until 知识点18 It takes great effort for a book to reach its readers.一本书要真正抵达读者手中，需要付出巨大的努力。 1. it作形式主语，真正主语是reach its readers；构成句型It takes great effort to do sth，表示“做某事需要巨大的努力”。 It takes great effort for a shy person to speak in front of many people. 一个害羞的人要在很多人面前讲话需要付出很大的努力。 It is后可接名词、形容词、从句。 it is adj to do sth 做某事是……的 It is dangerous to swim alone in the deep river without any adults. 没有大人陪同独自在深河里游泳很危险。 it is n. to do sth 做某事是…… It is a good habit to read books for at least thirty minutes every day. 每天至少读书三十分钟是一个好习惯。 it is adj that+从句 ……是……的 It is clear that he has made great progress in English this term. 他这学期在英语上取得了很大进步，这是很明显的。 it is n that+从句 ……是…… It is a fact that the earth is getting warmer year by year. 地球正在逐年变暖是一个事实。 It takes time to do sth 做某事花费……时间 It takes about two hours to drive from my home to the city center. 从我家开车到市中心大约需要两个小时。 It seems that+从句 似乎…… It seems that he has already known the truth about the accident. 他似乎已经知道了事故的真相。 It is said/believed/reported that+从句 据说/人们相信/据报道…… It is believed that regular exercise can help people live a longer life. 人们相信定期锻炼可以帮助人们活得更久。 2 effort的使用短语： make great efforts to do sth付出巨大努力去做某事 thanks to the efforts of 多亏了……的努力 put effort into (doing) sth. 努力投入（做）某事 without effort 毫不费力地 People's hard _______ create a warm and beautiful living environment around us. A.decisions B. efforts C. discussions D. courage 知识点19 This harms not only the writer but the book industry as well.这不仅损害了作者的利益，也对整个图书产业造成了负面影响。 1 as well意为“也”，用于句末 She bought a book for herself and a gift for her friend as well. 她给自己买了一本书，也给朋友买了一份礼物。 2 not only...but...as well意为“不仅……而且……”，可以转化为not only...but also The movie not only made me laugh but touched my heart as well. 这部电影不仅让我笑了，也触动了我的心。转化为The movie not only made me laugh but also touched my heart. 这家餐厅不仅供应美味的食物，服务也很棒。 The restaurant ____________ delicious food but offers great service _________. 知识点20 have to与must have to与must must 必须 主观 mustn’t不准、禁止、不可以 Must I do sth?的肯定回答用must；否定回答用don’t have to和needn’t have to 不得不 客观 don’t have to 不必要 must还可以表示“一定”，用于肯定推测，否定推测是can’t be He has to get up early to catch the school bus every morning. 他每天不得不早起赶校车。 She mustn't touch the dangerous tools over there. 她绝对不能触碰那边的危险工具。 —Must we give up our hobbies to focus fully on schoolwork? —No, you _______. You can balance them well. A.can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．（25-26九年级下·江苏常州·期中）The ______ show by Wang Yibo and Aaron Kwok at the 2026 Spring Festival Gala was so ______ that all the fans felt excited. A．alive; lively B．lively; live C．live; living D．live; lively 2．（25-26八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）—Oh, no! I haven’t finished writing my book report. —Don’t worry. Mr. Li didn’t say ________. A．when to hand in B．what to hand in C．how to hand in D．where to hand in 3．（25-26八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）There is ________ that hard work is the key to success. A．no doubt B．no way C．no problem D．no worry 4．（2026·安徽阜阳·三模）________ the ancient temple is more than 600 years old, it still looks strong. A．Because B．When C．Though D．If 5．（25-26八年级下·安徽合肥·期末）—When would you like to go on a trip, in June or July? —________ month is fine.I have time all the time. A．Neither B．All C．Both D．Either 6．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）You must feel very tired after 2 hours’ waiting at the crossroad. In fact, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．don’t have to B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 7．（24-25九年级上·云南昭通·期末）There are so many kinds of books here. I can’t decide ________. A．when to choose B．where to choose C．which one to choose D．how to choose 8．（2024·安徽安庆·一模）—What is the purpose of education in your opinion? —I think ________ is very important to teach students how to learn. A．one B．it C．that D．this 9．（2026·安徽合肥·二模）—Mr Green, Leo is waiting for you in the meeting room. —I hope he hasn’t waited for too long. Do you know when he _________? A．arrives B．has arrived C．arrived D．will arrive 10．（25-26八年级下·江苏南京·期中）— How is your class’s play for the Red Drama Festival? — We ________ the whole play, and we’re ready for the show now. A．finished B．will finish C．have finished D．were finishing 二、单词拼写 11．（2025·内蒙古呼和浩特·模拟预测）The more ________ (communicate) you two have, the better you will know each other. 12．（24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）—Why are they worried about the hiking trip? —Because they are ________ (certain) about the weather on the mountain. 13．（23-24九年级上·云南昭通·期末）Sam’s cousins will arrive by plane this afternoon, but he forgets where ________ them up. (pick) 14．（25-26八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Our teacher always advises us _________ (make) a study plan to manage our time better. 15．（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·期中）When I heard the bad news, I was so shocked that I had difficulty ________ (reply). 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、短文填空 （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请认真阅读下面短文, 根据语篇内容, 在空白处填入括号内所给单词的正确形式或时态, 使短文通顺。 Travelling to different places is always an exciting experience. But sometimes, we may find dangerous or unexpected things along the way. What is your most thrilling travel story? Now let’s invite three students to talk about 1 (they) own stories. Yan Zihan, 15, Guangdong In 2023, when I arrived in Macao, I found the buses there only accepted cash (现金) or bus cards at that time. But I didn’t bring any cash because I thought that mobile payments like WeChat Pay or Alipay would work everywhere. I panicked and thought I would be 2 (stick) there forever. Luckily, a friendly stranger helped me by 3 (exchange) some cash. This trip taught me an important lesson: Always be prepared before travelling. Bian Jiuming, 16, Yunnan In 2017, a driver left my mother and me behind the tour bus 4 (care) in Yangon, Myanmar. My mother tried to call for help, but there was no phone signal. We didn’t know what 5 (do). I started looking around instead. A beautiful lake nearby caught my attention. The water was shining, and a dragon boat was floating quietly on the lake. Seeing the beautiful views made us feel more 6 (relax). We waited calmly. Later, the bus came back to pick us up. I learned that when things are 7 (certain), it’s important to stay calm and have a positive view. Ge Jinyuan, 18, Beijing Five years ago, my family 8 (take) a train trip to Gansu province. We rented a car. I found the desert view very exciting and new. Around midnight, we arrived in a very quiet area. At first, I enjoyed the peaceful night. But then, the sounds of wolves 9 (hear) in the dark. We were very afraid, so we stayed in the car with the headlights on. The next morning, we were 10 (success) to reach a city hotel. A worker told us that we had come across wolves. Even now, this memory still makes me feel afraid. 二、综合填空 （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kindergartens must teach children some 11 (必须的) skills. Dancy, a 5-year-old boy, 12 (save) his father’s life with the skills he learned. The boy’s father became 13 (serious) ill on the way home. He couldn’t speak and had trouble 14 (move), but he tried hard to stop the car safely. Dancy used his father’s phone to call his mother for help. The 5-year-old boy tried his best to tell her where they were. Just as he had learned in the kindergarten, Dancy read the letters he saw on a nearby store sign, “F, U, R, N, I, T, U, R, E.” But that wasn’t enough for his mother 15 (find) them. In order to 16 (解释) more clearly, he added that they were near a bridge. Finally, his mother understood he was talking about a store 17 (call) Furniture 22. The mother called 911 and the doctors found her husband in time. “He knew his father was in a very 18 (danger) situation,” Dancy’s mother told the reporter. Shine, head of the kindergarten, felt 19 (pride) of his pupil. “Dancy has been a hard-working student since he entered the Kindergarten. So this time, his spelling skills helped him,” he said. “And that’s the real value of 20 (教育).” 三、阅读理解 （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末） Nowadays, everyone is able to make a movie with the help of new technologies. But what makes a great movie? Tian Xiaopeng gave an answer with his movie, Deep Sea. Instead of picking a superhero, the movie talks about a common girl. Born in a broken family, Su is a sad and lonely girl. One day, when her dad takes her on a sea trip, an accident happens and she falls into the ocean. Then she starts her journey in a magical underwater world! She meets friendly people, takes new challenges, and has lots of exciting experiences. Step by step, she becomes braver and happier. “A classic movie needs a heart-touching story. It should look closely into the lives of people, and leave the audience thinking about something valuable,” said Tian. Tian also gave the audience a fresh cinema experience by mixing together two story lines. At the end of the movie, Su finds out that the underwater world was just a dream. But the dream is closely connected to life. For example, Captain Nanhe in the dream is actually the man who saved her from the ocean in real life. What’s more, as 3D technology becomes common, movies without new skills or cultural expression seem to be boring. To create an amazing underwater world, Tian tried to have Chinese ink paintings to work with 3D effects. After two years of study, Deep Sea became the first movie to use the “particle ink” technology (粒子水墨技术). “I hope it can help people feel the inner world of lonely children better,” said Tian, “My movie might not have the most viewers, but it should have value in the history of cinema.” 21．What kind of person does Su become after the journey? A．Brave and cheerful. B．Friendly and quiet. C．Sad and lonely. D．Creative and worried. 22．Why is Captain Nanhe mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．To show that the story takes place at sea. B．To show the importance of a hero for a story. C．To show the connection between dream and life. D．To show that Su has a friend and is no longer lonely. 23．According to Tian, what makes a good movie? ①a heart-touching story                ②a fresh cinema experience ③common 3D technology              ④valuable ideas to think about ⑤the most viewers A．①②④ B．①③⑤   C．②③④ D．②④⑤ 24．What problem does this movie want us to think about? A．History of cinema. B．Children’s inner world. C．The meaning of success. D．The underwater world. 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、阅读理解 （24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期末） People have been facing the problem of finding clean energy for a long time. More than a hundred years ago, people started placing turbines (涡轮) in rivers. The moving water turned the turbine and produced power. More recently, companies have begun using the power of the wind to provide electrical (电的) energy. Both of them avoid the use of fossil fuels (石油燃料) and help build a cleaner environment. In the past few years, however, another energy can be chosen on the coasts of the United States. People there now want to use the power of the rise and fall of ocean water each day. Like wind power, tidal power provides a very clean energy. Wind comes and goes and there is no way to control it. Tidal power is predictable (可预测的) and it happens every day. People know exactly when the tide will come in and go out. In some ways, tidal turbines are very similar to those used to make electricity from wind. For example, both types of turbine must have a very heavy foundation (地基). Wind turbines need them because they are very tall and might fall over in high winds. Tidal turbines need them because they are placed in narrow openings on the ocean floor. In these places, the force of the moving water is very strong. In other ways, the two types of turbines are quite different. The blades (桨叶) of a tidal turbine must be much stronger than those of a wind turbine. A company called Verdant Energy built some model turbines for its project in New York City’s East River. When they put the turbines into the river, the blades broke off at once. The company had to design new, stronger blades before the project could continue. 1．What can we learn about tidal power according to the text? A．Tidal power is cheap to produce. B．Tidal power works in any place. C．Tidal power doesn’t need turbines. D．Tidal power needs stronger blades. 2．The following sentence can be best placed at the beginning of ________. However, it does have one big advantage (优势) over wind power. A．Para 2 B．Para 3 C．Para 4 D．Para 5 3．How is the passage organized? A．By explaining events in time order. B．By offering problems and advice. C．By describing two different types of energy. D．By describing the use of fossil fuels. 4．Which is the best title of this passage? A．The History of Clean Energy B．Fossil Fuels vs. Clean Energy C．How Turbines Work in Rivers and Oceans D．Tidal Energy: A Better Choice Than Wind Power? 二、任务型阅读 （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 In cities, a growing number of people are turning their homes into small green gardens by keeping houseplants. According to a recent survey, about 65% of the families have at least three plants in their living spaces. There are several reasons why indoor gardening has become so popular in the city. First, plants help make indoor air clean. They take in harmful things from the air and give out fresh oxygen. Second, looking after plants brings a sense of achievement, especially when seeing a small seed grow into a healthy plant. Moreover, plants are beautiful, ever-changing home decorations. Unlike static artworks (静态艺术品), living plants grow and change with the seasons, bringing natural beauty into city flats. However, beginners often face some problems. Some choose unsuitable plants. For example, many beginners buy sun-loving plants like roses but place them in rooms with poor light. Overwatering is another common problem. New growers may water plants too often because they don’t know that most indoor plants prefer drier soil. To help solve the problems, local gardening centers provide free guidance on choosing the right plants for different light conditions and proper watering skills. With the right knowledge, anyone can achieve success in home gardening. Moreover, many neighborhood communities have started plant exchange programs to share advice with beginners. Some schools have even added plant care into their life skills courses. With these helpful resources, anyone in the city can develop a green thumb and enjoy the journey of growing alongside your plants. Why not begin your own indoor gardening adventure today? 5．What are differences between living plants and static artworks? 6．What problems do beginners often face in plant-growing? 7．Why is overwatering bad for indoor plants? 8．How do local gardening centers help solve the beginners’ problems? 9．How can you try to be a green thumb?（请自拟一句话回答） 1/1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 Units 3~4（期末复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期末考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 掌握make up、hand in、fall over等短语。 2. 掌握although、whether、as等连词的用法。 3. 掌握语法：疑问词+动词不定式、must与have to。 复习难点： 1. must与have to的运用。 2. 一般现在时与现在完成时的区别。 考情规律 单项选择：侧重短语辨析与连词运用。 短文填空：侧重词性转化与非谓语动词的用法。 阅读理解：侧重细节理解的能力运用。 知识点1 live adj. 现场演出的；adv. 现场直播。 The pop star gave a wonderful live show last night. 那位流行歌手昨晚办了一场精彩的现场演出。 The news reporter is reporting live from the earthquake area. 那位新闻记者正在地震灾区进行现场报道。 live的实用短语：enjoy live music 享受现场音乐；report live 现场报道 live、lively、alive与living 单词 词性 含义 用法 举例 live 形容词、副词 现场直播的、 现场直播地 前置定语、表语 状语 a live concert，The show is live. record live lively 形容词 活泼的，生动的 定语、表语 a lively discussion，be lively alive 形容词 活着的（强调没死） 作表语、后置定语，不能用于名词前 be/keep alive，anyone alive （an alive bird ×） living 形容词 活着的、现存的 作前置定语、表语 living things，a living animal The _______ girl enjoys watching _______ sports matches every weekend. A.alive, live B. live, live C. lively, live D. lively, alive 句意：这个活泼的女孩每周都爱看体育直播赛事。alive活着的；live现场直播的/地；lively活泼的、有活力的。第一空指“有活力的女孩”，形容词lively作前置定语；第二空指“现场直播的体育比赛”，形容词live作前置定语。故选C。 知识点2 whether conj. 不管…；是否。常见用法如下： 1. 引导宾语从句，意为“是否”，可用if替换 I wonder whether robots will replace human teachers one day. 我想知道机器人是否有朝一日会取代人类老师。 2. whether...or not，意为“是否”，强调选择 Whether you win or not, trying your best is what really matters. 无论你赢不赢，尽力才是最重要的。 3. whether...or...，意为“无论是……还是……” Whether sunny or rainy, the school sports meet will go on as planned. 无论是晴天还是雨天，校运动会都会按计划进行。 4. whether to do sth，意为“是否做某事” She looked at the menu, wondering whether to order something new. 她看着菜单，犹豫是否要点些没吃过的东西。 She is still thinking about ________ to join the debate team. ________ she does, she will need to practice every day. A. if, Whether B. whether, Whether C. if, If D. whether, If 句意：她还在考虑是否加入辩论队，如果加入的话，她需要每天练习。if如果、是否；whether是否。whether to do是固定用法；第二空引导条件状语从句，表示“如果她来”，用if。故选D。 知识点3 truly adv. 真正，确实。强调客观事实、本质上属实；可修饰动词、形容词，句中、句末都可。也可译为“真诚地”，常用于表达感谢、抱歉等情感。 I truly believe that hard work pays off in the end. 我真心相信努力终有回报。 This is a truly amazing experience for all of us. 这对我们所有人来说都是一次真正令人惊叹的经历。 I am truly sorry for what I said yesterday. 我为我昨天说的话感到非常抱歉。 写作常用句型 1. I truly believe that... 表达观点 2. I am truly sorry that... 表达歉意 3. It was a truly unforgettable experience/wonderful match/... 记叙文结尾 truth名词“真相”→true形容词“真正的”→truly副词“真正、确实” _______ (true) speaking, this lively show is my favorite one. 句意：说实话，这场精彩的演出是我的最爱。修饰动词speaking，用副词truly。 知识点4 doubt n. 疑问，怀疑；v. 怀疑。常见短语或句型有： 1.no doubt 无疑 No doubt he will win the competition. 毫无疑问他会赢得比赛。 2.There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…… There is no doubt that practice makes perfect. 毫无疑问，熟能生巧。 3.doubt + if/whether... 怀疑是否…… She doubts whether this plan will work well. 她怀疑这个方案是否能顺利实施。 4. don't/never doubt + that... 不怀疑…… Never doubt that a small group of people can change the world. 永远不要怀疑一小群人能够改变世界。 5. beyond doubt / without (a) doubt 确凿无疑、毫无疑问 This is without doubt the best movie I have watched this year. 这无疑是我今年看过的最好的一部电影。 毫无疑问，我们是最后一批动身前往考场的学生。 ________________ we are the last students to leave for the exam room. 原句中“毫无疑问”是关键词，可以表达为There is no doubt that或No doubt。 知识点5 communication n. 交流，交际。动词形式是communicate，意为“交流、沟通、传达”。 Good communication is important in a team. 良好的沟通在团队中很重要。 Dogs communicate with each other by barking and body language. 狗通过吠叫和肢体语言相互交流。 常用短语：communicate with sb 与某人交流\沟通；have a communication with与某人交流\沟通 遇到问题时，与父母好好沟通很重要。 ______________________________________ your parents when you have problems. 原句中“与……好好沟通很重要”是关键词。“与好好沟通”表达为communicate well with sb，或have good communication with sb；句子可用it is adj to do sth结构，“重要的”表达为important。故填It is important to communicate well with/It is important to have good communication with。 知识点6 although conj. 不过，然而；尽管。引导让步状语从句。 Although the task is difficult, I will not give up. 虽然任务很艰巨，但我不会放弃。 1. although/though不与but连用 Although it was cold, he still went swimming in the lake.虽然天气很冷，他还是去湖里游泳了。 → It was cold, but he still went swimming in the lake. 虽然天气很冷，但他还是去湖里游泳了。 2. though 位置更灵活，可放在句首、句中、句末（表示“不过”），还可用于省略结构中；although只能放在句首或句中，不能放在句末，也不能用于省略结构中。 Although/Though he is busy, he always finds time to read. 虽然他很忙，但他总能找到时间读书。 The movie, though a bit long, was very touching. 这部电影，虽然有点长，但非常感人。（省略句中不能用although替换） I didn't get the prize. It was a great experience, though. 我没得奖。不过，这是一次很棒的经历。 3. even though 即使，语气强弱even though＞although＞though I will support you even though everyone else is against you. 即使其他所有人都反对你，我也会支持你。 ________ you may meet difficulties, remember that courage will help you go further. A.Although B. After C. Since D. Until 句意：纵然你会遭遇困境，请记住勇气会伴你走得更远。although虽然、即使；after在……之后；since自从；until直到。“可能遇到困难”和“记得勇气会让你走得更远”是转折关系，故选A。 知识点7 make up make up：创作，编写；编造；和解；构成；整理；弥补 The little girl made up a beautiful poem for her mother's birthday. 那个小女孩为她妈妈的生日创作了一首优美的诗。 The class is made up of students from ten different countries. 这个班级由来自十个不同国家的学生组成。 make up的常见短语： make up the bed铺床；be made up of由……组成；make up for弥补；make up (with sb)和好 He ________ an excuse about being sick to avoid the math test. A.made up B. gave up C. took up D. hold up 句意：他编造了一个生病的借口来逃避数学考试。make up编造；give up放弃；take up占据；hold up支撑。根据“avoid the math test”可知，想逃避考试而编造借口。故选A。 知识点8 fall over fall over意为“摔倒”，fall的过去式是fell。 Be careful not to fall over the rocks when you climb the mountain. 爬山时小心别被石头绊倒。 常见的fall相关短语： fall in love with 爱上，喜欢上；fall behind 落后，跟不上； fall down 跌倒，摔倒；（建筑物等）倒塌；fall off 脱落，掉落；（数量、质量）下降 A few leaves ________ from the old tree and landed softly on the bench. A.fell over B. fell down C. fell behind D. fell off 句意：几片叶子从那棵老树上飘落下来，轻轻落在长椅上。fall over摔倒；fall down掉落；fall behind落后；fall off掉落。此处表示叶子从树下落下来，fall down from=fall off，后接地点。故选B。 知识点9 continue vt. & vi. 继续。后接动名词或动词不定式。常见用法有： 1.continue doing sth 继续做同一件事（动作中途没停下，接着做） He continued reading after drinking some water. 他喝了口水，接着继续读书。 2.continue to do sth 做完一件事，转而去继续做另一件事；或中断后重新开始 After cleaning the room, she continued to do her homework. 打扫完房间，她接着去写作业。 After the meeting, she continued _______ (work) on her science project until late at night. 句意：会议结束后，她继续做她的科学项目直到深夜。“会议”和“做科学项目”是两件事情，应用continue to do，故填to work。 知识点10 either 1. adv. 也 This plan isn't perfect, and that one isn't great, either. 这个方案不算完美，那个方案也不尽如人意。 2. adj. 两者任一的，either+单数名词 You can take either way to reach the quiet mountain village. 两条路任选其一，都能抵达那座宁静的山村。 3. pron. 两者任一 Either of the stories teaches us a meaningful life lesson. 这两个故事，随便哪一个都蕴含着人生道理。 4. conj. either...or... 要么……要么……，就近原则 Either you or he is on duty today. 不是你就是他今天值日。 both、either和neither both 两者都 后接复数 作主语看作复数 either 两者任一 后接单数 作主语看作单数 neither 两者都不 后接单数 作主语看作单数 either...or... 要么……要么……，或者……或者…… 作主语“就近原则” neither...nor... 既不……也不…… 作主语“就近原则” both...and... ……和…… 作主语看作复数 — Which of the two books can I borrow? — _________, but you must return it in two weeks. A.None B. Either C. Neither D. Both 句意：——这两本书我可以借哪一本？ ——哪本都行，但你得两周内归还。none没有一个；either两者任一；neither两者都不；both两者都。“but you must return it in two weeks”表明是可以借；由“it”可知是单数，应指两本中的任一。故选B。 知识点11 certain adj. 确定，必定。反义词是uncertain，表示“不确定的”。certain的常见短语和句型如下： 1 be certain of sth 确信，对……有把握 I am certain of his honesty — he would never lie to me. 我确信他是诚实的——他绝不会对我撒谎。 2 be certain to do sth 必定，一定会做某事 If you keep practicing, you are certain to improve your English. 如果你坚持练习，你的英语一定会提高。 3 be certain that+从句 确信…… We are certain that hard work leads to success. 我们确信努力会带来成功。 4 a certain+名词 某个…… A certain king ruled his kingdom with both wisdom and fear. 某位国王以智慧与恐惧统治着他的王国。 certain的副词形式是certainly，常见搭配如下： 1 certainly not=of course not —Did you break the vase?—Certainly not! I wasn't even in the room. ——是你打碎了花瓶吗？——当然不是！我根本不在房间里。 2 It’s certain that毫无疑问，确实如此 It's certain that no two people see the same sunset in quite the same way. 确实如此，没有两个人会用完全相同的方式看待同一场日落。 sure主语是人，certain主语是人或事物均可。 It's _______ that the more you read, the more you realize how much you don't know. A.sure B. certain C. different D. hopeful 句意：确实如此，你读得越多，就越意识到自己不知道的东西有多少。sure确定的；certain确定的；different不同的；hopeful有希望的。此处表示“自己不知道的东西有多少”是确定无疑的事实，且主语是it，应用certain，sure的主语是人。故选B。 知识点12 advise vt. & vi. 提出建议。常见用法如下： 1 advise sb (not) to do 建议某人（不）做某事 The teacher advised the students not to stay up too late before the exam. 老师建议学生们考试前不要熬夜太晚。 The police advised everyone not to leave their homes during the storm. 警方建议大家在暴风雨期间不要出门。 2 advise (not) doing建议（不）做某事 They advise checking the weather first. 他们建议先查一下天气。 The travel guide advised not visiting the area during the rainy season. 旅行指南建议不要在雨季前往该地区。 advise动词 advise doing advise sb to do advice不可数名词 suggest动词 suggest doing suggest sb/sb’s doing suggestion可数名词 The coach advised the players _________ (not give) up even when they were losing the game. 句意：教练建议球员们即使在比赛中落后时也不要放弃。advise sb not to do sth表示“建议某人不要做某事”，故用不定式的否定结构not to give。 知识点13 hand in hand in：提交，呈交，上交。 If you don't hand in your homework on time, the teacher will be angry. 如果你不按时交作业，老师会生气的。 常考查hand或in的相似短语辨析： hand in 上交；提交 hand out 分发；散发 hand over 移交；交出 hand down 流传；把…… 传下去 hand on 传递；转交 take in 吸收；理解；收留 join in 参加（活动） check in 登记；入住 break in 闯入；打断 fill in 填写；填满 The librarian handed ________ the reading cards and asked everyone to hand them _______ before leaving. A.out, in B. in, on C. out, on D. in, out 句意：图书管理员发下阅读卡，并要求大家在离开前交回。第一空表示“分发阅读卡”，用hand out；第二空表示“把它们上交”，用hand in。故选A。 知识点14 difficulty n. 困难。常用短语：have difficulty (in) doing sth，意为“做某事有困难”。 She has difficulty understanding spoken English when people speak too fast. 当人们说得太快时，她很难听懂英语口语。 类似短语：have problems doing sth、have trouble doing sth表示“做某事有困难/麻烦” 此短语易考感叹句，易错！ How much difficulty she had communicating with the local people when she first arrived! 她刚到的时候和当地人交流有多困难啊！ How much difficulty the little boy had _______ (carry) that heavy box! 句意：那个小男孩搬那个重箱子有多困难啊！句子是感叹句，句中短语是have difficulty doing sth，表示“做某事有困难”，故填carrying。 知识点15 opinion n. 看法，想法，可数名词。常考查短语in one’s opinion，表示“在某人看来”。 In his opinion, the movie was not as good as the book. 在他看来，这部电影没有原著好看。 We should respect others' opinions even if we don't agree with them. 即使我们不同意别人的观点，也应该尊重他们的看法。 opinion、view、idea和thought opinion 个人看法、评价、观点 in one's opinion/view view 见解、立场、正式观点 have different views/opinions 持不同观点 idea 突然冒出的想法、念头 have an idea thought 大脑思考后的想法、深思 deep thoughts Everyone has their own ________ about the new school rules. A. opinion B. result C. thought D. mind 句意：对于新的校规，每个人都有自己的看法。opinion观点；result结果；thought深思；mind思绪。“about the new school rules”表示对校规的看法。故选A。 知识点16 疑问词+不定式 “疑问词+不定式”可以作为宾语，常见用法有： 1 动词+疑问词+不定式 I don't know what to do next. 我不知道下一步该做什么。 2 动词+宾语+疑问词+不定式 I asked him when to hand in the report. 我问他什么时候交报告。 3 疑问词+名词+不定式 I have no idea which book to read first. 我不知道该先读哪本书。 4 形容词+疑问词+不定式 I'm not sure how to get there. 我不确定怎么到那里。 5 疑问词+不定式，作主语或表语 How to improve my English is what I'm thinking about. 如何提高我的英语是我正在思考的问题。 The problem is where to find enough clean water. 问题是在哪里找到足够的干净水。 6 疑问词+不定式，改写成该疑问词引导的从句 She asked me where to meet. → She asked me where we should meet. 她问我在哪里见面。 如果疑问词what/who/whom/which book等作动词短语的宾语，则短语中如果有介词，介词不能省。 She was uncertain whom/who to talk to/with when she faced such a difficult decision. 面对如此艰难的决定时，她不确定该找谁商量。（who/whom作talk to/with的宾语） 考试前，老师告诉我们要注意什么。 Before the exam, the teacher told us _______________________. 原句中“注意什么”是关键词。“什么”表达为what，“注意”表达为pay attention to，what是to后的宾语，to不能省。“注意什么”作told的宾语，用“疑问词+不定式”，故填what to pay attention to。 知识点17 I woke up as the sun was rising.我在太阳升起时醒来的。 as 可以作介词，也可作连词： 1 as介词，意为“作为，像……一样” She works as a teacher in a primary school. 她在一所小学当老师。 He dressed up as a clown for the party. 他打扮成小丑去参加派对。 2 as作为连词： ①意为“当……的时候”引导时间状语从句 As I was leaving, the phone rang. 我正要离开时，电话响了。 ②意为“随着”，引导时间状语从句 As you grow older, you will learn more. 随着年龄增长，你会学到更多。 ③意为“因为、由于”，引导原因状语从句 As he was tired, he went to bed early. 因为他累了，所以早早睡了。 ④意为“虽然、尽管”，引导让步状语从句，常用倒装结构 Hard as she tried, she failed the exam. 尽管她很努力，考试还是没通过。 The old man's health gradually improved ______ he took more exercise every day. A. before B. since C. as D. until 句意：随着老人每天多锻炼，他的健康状况逐渐改善了。before之前；since自从、既然；as随着；until直到。“健康改善”是随着“更多锻炼”发生的，故选C。 知识点18 It takes great effort for a book to reach its readers.一本书要真正抵达读者手中，需要付出巨大的努力。 1. it作形式主语，真正主语是reach its readers；构成句型It takes great effort to do sth，表示“做某事需要巨大的努力”。 It takes great effort for a shy person to speak in front of many people. 一个害羞的人要在很多人面前讲话需要付出很大的努力。 It is后可接名词、形容词、从句。 it is adj to do sth 做某事是……的 It is dangerous to swim alone in the deep river without any adults. 没有大人陪同独自在深河里游泳很危险。 it is n. to do sth 做某事是…… It is a good habit to read books for at least thirty minutes every day. 每天至少读书三十分钟是一个好习惯。 it is adj that+从句 ……是……的 It is clear that he has made great progress in English this term. 他这学期在英语上取得了很大进步，这是很明显的。 it is n that+从句 ……是…… It is a fact that the earth is getting warmer year by year. 地球正在逐年变暖是一个事实。 It takes time to do sth 做某事花费……时间 It takes about two hours to drive from my home to the city center. 从我家开车到市中心大约需要两个小时。 It seems that+从句 似乎…… It seems that he has already known the truth about the accident. 他似乎已经知道了事故的真相。 It is said/believed/reported that+从句 据说/人们相信/据报道…… It is believed that regular exercise can help people live a longer life. 人们相信定期锻炼可以帮助人们活得更久。 2 effort的使用短语： make great efforts to do sth付出巨大努力去做某事 thanks to the efforts of 多亏了……的努力 put effort into (doing) sth. 努力投入（做）某事 without effort 毫不费力地 People's hard _______ create a warm and beautiful living environment around us. A.decisions B. efforts C. discussions D. courage 句意：人们的辛勤努力，打造出我们身边温暖美好的生活环境。decisions决定；efforts努力；discussions讨论；courage勇气。“create a warm and beautiful living environment”表明创造好的环境需要人们的辛勤努力。故选B。 知识点19 This harms not only the writer but the book industry as well.这不仅损害了作者的利益，也对整个图书产业造成了负面影响。 1 as well意为“也”，用于句末 She bought a book for herself and a gift for her friend as well. 她给自己买了一本书，也给朋友买了一份礼物。 2 not only...but...as well意为“不仅……而且……”，可以转化为not only...but also The movie not only made me laugh but touched my heart as well. 这部电影不仅让我笑了，也触动了我的心。转化为The movie not only made me laugh but also touched my heart. 这家餐厅不仅供应美味的食物，服务也很棒。 The restaurant ____________ delicious food but offers great service _________. 原句中“不仅供应……也”是关键词。“不仅……也……”表达为not only...but...as well，“供应”表达为serve，由并列谓语动词offers可知应用三单形式serves。故填not only serves；as well。 知识点20 have to与must have to与must must 必须 主观 mustn’t不准、禁止、不可以 Must I do sth?的肯定回答用must；否定回答用don’t have to和needn’t have to 不得不 客观 don’t have to 不必要 must还可以表示“一定”，用于肯定推测，否定推测是can’t be He has to get up early to catch the school bus every morning. 他每天不得不早起赶校车。 She mustn't touch the dangerous tools over there. 她绝对不能触碰那边的危险工具。 —Must we give up our hobbies to focus fully on schoolwork? —No, you _______. You can balance them well. A.can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. don’t have to 句意：——我们必须放弃爱好，把全部精力放在学业上吗？——不，没必要。你可以很好地平衡它们。can’t不能、不可能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t不准；don’t have to不必。根据“You can balance them well.”可知，可以很好地平衡爱好与学业，说明不必要放弃爱好。故选D。 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．（25-26九年级下·江苏常州·期中）The ______ show by Wang Yibo and Aaron Kwok at the 2026 Spring Festival Gala was so ______ that all the fans felt excited. A．alive; lively B．lively; live C．live; living D．live; lively 【答案】D 【详解】句意：王一博和郭富城在2026年春晚上的现场表演非常生动，所有粉丝都感到兴奋。 alive活着的；lively生动的；live现场的；living活着的。根据“show”可知，表示“现场表演”，用live show；再根据“so...that all the fans felt excited”可知，表示表演生动，用lively。应填live；lively。 2．（25-26八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）—Oh, no! I haven’t finished writing my book report. —Don’t worry. Mr. Li didn’t say ________. A．when to hand in B．what to hand in C．how to hand in D．where to hand in 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——哦，不！我还没写完读书报告。——别担心。李老师没有说什么时候交。 when to hand in 什么时候交；what to hand in 交什么；how to hand in 怎么交；where to hand in 在哪里交。根据前句“I haven‘t finished writing my book report”可知，第一个人担心没写完，第二个人安慰说“别担心”，说明李老师没有规定什么时候交，所以还有时间，应填when to hand in。 3．（25-26八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）There is ________ that hard work is the key to success. A．no doubt B．no way C．no problem D．no worry 【答案】A 【详解】句意：毫无疑问，努力工作是成功的关键。 no doubt毫无疑问；no way没门，决不；no problem没问题；no worry不必担心。此处考查固定句型There is no doubt that…，意为“毫无疑问……”，其中that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容。应填no doubt。 4．（2026·安徽阜阳·三模）________ the ancient temple is more than 600 years old, it still looks strong. A．Because B．When C．Though D．If 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管这座古庙有 600 多年的历史了，但它看起来仍然很坚固。 Because因为（表原因）；When当……时候（表时间）；Though尽管（表让步转折）；If如果（表条件）。后半句“it still looks strong”说明认可庙宇坚固，和前文年份久远构成转折让步逻辑，故选C。 5．（25-26八年级下·安徽合肥·期末）—When would you like to go on a trip, in June or July? —________ month is fine.I have time all the time. A．Neither B．All C．Both D．Either 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你想什么时候去旅行，六月还是七月？——任意一个月都可以。我一直都有时间。 Neither两者都不；All三者或以上都；Both两者都；Either两者中的任意一个。根据“in June or July”可知是在两者之间进行选择。由答语中“month”为单数名词，且“I have time all the time”表明持肯定态度，排除表否定的Neither和接复数名词的Both，All用于三者及以上。Either指两者中任意一个，后接单数名词，符合题意。应填Either。 6．（24-25八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）You must feel very tired after 2 hours’ waiting at the crossroad. In fact, you ________ stand all the time. You can find a place to rest. A．don’t have to B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在十字路口等了两个小时后，你一定觉得很累。事实上，你不必一直站着。你可以找个地方休息。 考查情态动词。don’t have to不必；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“You can find a place to rest.”可知，你可以找一个地方休息，不必一直站着。故选A。 7．（24-25九年级上·云南昭通·期末）There are so many kinds of books here. I can’t decide ________. A．when to choose B．where to choose C．which one to choose D．how to choose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这里有很多种类的书。我不能决定选哪一种。 考查特殊疑问词+动词不定式。when to choose什么时候选择；where to choose选择哪里；which one to choose选择哪个；how to choose如何选择。根据“There are so many kinds of books here.”可知，无法决定选择哪一种书，故选C。 8．（2024·安徽安庆·一模）—What is the purpose of education in your opinion? —I think ________ is very important to teach students how to learn. A．one B．it C．that D．this 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认为教育的目的是什么？——我认为教学生如何学习是非常重要的。 考查it的用法。one一；it它；that那；this这。根据“is very important to teach students how to learn”可知，此处为it is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，此时it作形式主语。故选B。 9．（2026·安徽合肥·二模）—Mr Green, Leo is waiting for you in the meeting room. —I hope he hasn’t waited for too long. Do you know when he _________? A．arrives B．has arrived C．arrived D．will arrive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——格林先生，Leo正在会议室等你。——我希望他没等太久。你知道他什么时候到的吗？ 根据“Leo is waiting for you in the meeting room.”可知，Leo此刻正在等待，说明“到达”这一动作发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，应填arrived。 10．（25-26八年级下·江苏南京·期中）— How is your class’s play for the Red Drama Festival? — We ________ the whole play, and we’re ready for the show now. A．finished B．will finish C．have finished D．were finishing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你们班红色戏剧节的剧目怎么样了？——我们已经完成了整个剧目，我们现在准备好演出了。 根据“we’re ready for the show now”可知，完成剧目的动作发生在过去，但对现在造成了影响（现在已准备好），强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。 二、单词拼写 11．（2025·内蒙古呼和浩特·模拟预测）The more ________ (communicate) you two have, the better you will know each other. 【答案】communication 【详解】句意：你们俩交流越多，就会越了解彼此。此句为“The+比较级 ..., the+比较级 ...”结构，意为“越……，越……”，more后需接名词，作have的宾语，动词communicate的名词形式为communication“交流”，此处为不可数名词，表示抽象概念。故填communication。 12．（24-25八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）—Why are they worried about the hiking trip? —Because they are ________ (certain) about the weather on the mountain. 【答案】uncertain 【详解】句意：——他们为什么担心这次徒步旅行？——因为他们对山上的天气不确定。根据“Why are they worried about the hiking trip?”可知，他们对山上的天气情况是感到不确定、担忧的。certain“确定的”，反义词uncertain表示“不确定的”。故填uncertain。 13．（23-24九年级上·云南昭通·期末）Sam’s cousins will arrive by plane this afternoon, but he forgets where ________ them up. (pick) 【答案】to pick 【详解】句意：山姆的表兄弟们将于今天下午乘飞机抵达，但他忘了在哪里接他们。根据“Sam’s cousins will arrive by plane this afternoon, but he forgets where…them up”可知，此处为宾语从句，应用疑问词where+动词不定式。故填to pick。 14．（25-26八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Our teacher always advises us _________ (make) a study plan to manage our time better. 【答案】to make 【详解】句意：我们的老师总是建议我们制定学习计划，以便更好地管理我们的时间。advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，需用动词不定式“to make”作宾语补足语。故填to make。 15．（25-26九年级上·江苏常州·期中）When I heard the bad news, I was so shocked that I had difficulty ________ (reply). 【答案】replying 【详解】句意：当我听到这个坏消息时，我如此震惊以至于很难做出回应。根据固定搭配“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”可知，此处需要使用动词reply的动名词形式replying。故填replying。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、短文填空 （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请认真阅读下面短文, 根据语篇内容, 在空白处填入括号内所给单词的正确形式或时态, 使短文通顺。 Travelling to different places is always an exciting experience. But sometimes, we may find dangerous or unexpected things along the way. What is your most thrilling travel story? Now let’s invite three students to talk about 1 (they) own stories. Yan Zihan, 15, Guangdong In 2023, when I arrived in Macao, I found the buses there only accepted cash (现金) or bus cards at that time. But I didn’t bring any cash because I thought that mobile payments like WeChat Pay or Alipay would work everywhere. I panicked and thought I would be 2 (stick) there forever. Luckily, a friendly stranger helped me by 3 (exchange) some cash. This trip taught me an important lesson: Always be prepared before travelling. Bian Jiuming, 16, Yunnan In 2017, a driver left my mother and me behind the tour bus 4 (care) in Yangon, Myanmar. My mother tried to call for help, but there was no phone signal. We didn’t know what 5 (do). I started looking around instead. A beautiful lake nearby caught my attention. The water was shining, and a dragon boat was floating quietly on the lake. Seeing the beautiful views made us feel more 6 (relax). We waited calmly. Later, the bus came back to pick us up. I learned that when things are 7 (certain), it’s important to stay calm and have a positive view. Ge Jinyuan, 18, Beijing Five years ago, my family 8 (take) a train trip to Gansu province. We rented a car. I found the desert view very exciting and new. Around midnight, we arrived in a very quiet area. At first, I enjoyed the peaceful night. But then, the sounds of wolves 9 (hear) in the dark. We were very afraid, so we stayed in the car with the headlights on. The next morning, we were 10 (success) to reach a city hotel. A worker told us that we had come across wolves. Even now, this memory still makes me feel afraid. 【答案】 1．their 2．stuck 3．exchanging 4．carelessly 5．to do 6．relaxed 7．uncertain 8．took 9．were heard 10．successful 【导语】本文邀请了三位学生分享他们惊险的旅行故事。严子涵在澳门因没带现金无法乘公交，幸得陌生人帮助；边九明和妈妈在缅甸被司机落在大巴后，通过欣赏美景保持冷静最终被接回；葛锦源一家在甘肃旅行时夜晚遇狼，次日成功到达酒店。 【详解】1．句意：现在让我们邀请三位学生来讲述他们自己的故事。根据“Now let’s invite three students to talk about...own stories.”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰“stories”，表示所属关系，they的形容词性物主代词是“their”。故填their。 2．句意：我惊慌失措，以为自己会永远被困在那里。根据“I panicked and thought I would be...there forever.”可知，“be stuck”是固定用法，表示“被困住”，所以要用stick的过去分词形式“stuck”。故填stuck。 3．句意：幸运的是，一位友好的陌生人通过兑换一些现金帮了我。根据“Luckily, a friendly stranger helped me by...some cash.”可知，“by”是介词，后面接动词的-ing形式，exchange的动名词形式是“exchanging”。故填exchanging。 4．句意：2017 年，在缅甸仰光，一名司机粗心地把我和妈妈落在了旅游大巴后面。根据“In 2017, a driver left my mother and me behind the tour bus...in Yangon, Myanmar.”可知，此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“left”，表示司机的粗心，care的副词形式“carelessly”意为“粗心地”。故填carelessly。 5．句意：我们不知道该做什么。根据“We didn’t know what...”可知，“what to do”是“疑问词+不定式”结构，在句中作“know”的宾语，表示“该做什么”。故填to do。 6．句意：看到美丽的景色让我们感觉更放松了。根据“Seeing the beautiful views made us feel more...”可知，此处需要一个形容词来描述“us”的感受，relax的形容词“relaxed”用来形容人“感到放松的”。故填relaxed。 7．句意：我学到了，当事情不确定时，保持冷静和积极的心态很重要。根据“I learned that when things are...it’s important to stay calm and have a positive view.”可知，结合上文他们遇到的意外情况，这里表示事情不确定的时候，certain的反义词“uncertain”意为“不确定的”。故填uncertain。 8．句意：五年前，我的家人乘火车去甘肃省旅行。根据“Five years ago, my family...a train trip to Gansu province.”可知，“Five years ago”是过去的时间，句子时态要用一般过去时，take的过去式是“took”。故填took。 9．句意：但随后，在黑暗中听到了狼的叫声。根据“But then, the sounds of wolves...in the dark.”可知，“the sounds of wolves”和“hear”之间是被动关系，表示“狼的声音被听到”，且事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+过去分词”，“the sounds”是复数，be 动词用were，hear的过去分词是“heard”。故填were heard。 10．句意：第二天早上，我们成功到达了一家城市酒店。根据“The next morning, we were...to reach a city hotel.”可知，“be successful to do sth.”表示“成功做某事”，这里需要success的形容词形式“successful”。故填successful。 二、综合填空 （24-25八年级下·江苏南京·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kindergartens must teach children some 11 (必须的) skills. Dancy, a 5-year-old boy, 12 (save) his father’s life with the skills he learned. The boy’s father became 13 (serious) ill on the way home. He couldn’t speak and had trouble 14 (move), but he tried hard to stop the car safely. Dancy used his father’s phone to call his mother for help. The 5-year-old boy tried his best to tell her where they were. Just as he had learned in the kindergarten, Dancy read the letters he saw on a nearby store sign, “F, U, R, N, I, T, U, R, E.” But that wasn’t enough for his mother 15 (find) them. In order to 16 (解释) more clearly, he added that they were near a bridge. Finally, his mother understood he was talking about a store 17 (call) Furniture 22. The mother called 911 and the doctors found her husband in time. “He knew his father was in a very 18 (danger) situation,” Dancy’s mother told the reporter. Shine, head of the kindergarten, felt 19 (pride) of his pupil. “Dancy has been a hard-working student since he entered the Kindergarten. So this time, his spelling skills helped him,” he said. “And that’s the real value of 20 (教育).” 【答案】 11．necessary 12．saved 13．seriously 14．moving 15．to find 16．explain 17．called 18．dangerous 19．proud 20．education 【导语】本文讲述了一个5岁男孩Dancy运用在幼儿园学到的技能成功救了他突发疾病的父亲的故事，体现了早期教育的重要性。 11．句意：幼儿园必须教孩子们一些必要的技能。necessary“必要的”，形容词。故填necessary。 12．句意：5岁男孩Dancy用他学到的技能救了父亲的命。此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以空处应填save的过去式saved。故填saved。 13．句意：男孩的父亲在回家路上病得很严重。根据“The boy’s father became...ill on the way home.”可知，空处应填serious的副词形式seriously，用于修饰形容词ill。故填seriously。 14．句意：他无法说话，行动也不便，但他尽力安全地停下了车。根据短语have trouble doing sth.“做某事有困难”可知，空处应填move的动词-ing形式moving。故填moving。 15．句意：但这还不足以让他的母亲找到他们。根据提示词和“that wasn’t enough for his mother...them”可知，空处应用动词不定式to find作结果状语。故填to find。 16．句意：为了解释得更清楚，他补充说他们在一座桥附近。explain“解释”，动词；根据in order to do sth.“为了做某事”可知，空处应填动词explain的原形。故填explain。 17．句意：最后，他的母亲明白了他说的是一家名为Furniture 22的商店。根据“his mother understood he was talking about a store...Furniture 22”可知，空处是非谓语动词，且名词store和动词call之间是被动关系，所以空处应用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词，call的过去分词是called。故填called。 18．句意：他知道他的父亲处境非常危险。空后的situation是名词，所以空处应填danger的形容词形式dangerous修饰名词。故填dangerous。 19．句意：幼儿园园长Shine为他的学生感到骄傲。felt在此处作系动词，其后接形容词作表语，所以空处应填pride的形容词形式proud。故填proud。 20．句意：这就是教育的真正价值。根据汉语提示和“the real value of...”可知，空处应填名词education。故填education。 三、阅读理解 （24-25八年级下·广东广州·期末） Nowadays, everyone is able to make a movie with the help of new technologies. But what makes a great movie? Tian Xiaopeng gave an answer with his movie, Deep Sea. Instead of picking a superhero, the movie talks about a common girl. Born in a broken family, Su is a sad and lonely girl. One day, when her dad takes her on a sea trip, an accident happens and she falls into the ocean. Then she starts her journey in a magical underwater world! She meets friendly people, takes new challenges, and has lots of exciting experiences. Step by step, she becomes braver and happier. “A classic movie needs a heart-touching story. It should look closely into the lives of people, and leave the audience thinking about something valuable,” said Tian. Tian also gave the audience a fresh cinema experience by mixing together two story lines. At the end of the movie, Su finds out that the underwater world was just a dream. But the dream is closely connected to life. For example, Captain Nanhe in the dream is actually the man who saved her from the ocean in real life. What’s more, as 3D technology becomes common, movies without new skills or cultural expression seem to be boring. To create an amazing underwater world, Tian tried to have Chinese ink paintings to work with 3D effects. After two years of study, Deep Sea became the first movie to use the “particle ink” technology (粒子水墨技术). “I hope it can help people feel the inner world of lonely children better,” said Tian, “My movie might not have the most viewers, but it should have value in the history of cinema.” 21．What kind of person does Su become after the journey? A．Brave and cheerful. B．Friendly and quiet. C．Sad and lonely. D．Creative and worried. 22．Why is Captain Nanhe mentioned in Paragraph 3? A．To show that the story takes place at sea. B．To show the importance of a hero for a story. C．To show the connection between dream and life. D．To show that Su has a friend and is no longer lonely. 23．According to Tian, what makes a good movie? ①a heart-touching story                ②a fresh cinema experience ③common 3D technology              ④valuable ideas to think about ⑤the most viewers A．①②④ B．①③⑤   C．②③④ D．②④⑤ 24．What problem does this movie want us to think about? A．History of cinema. B．Children’s inner world. C．The meaning of success. D．The underwater world. 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．A 24．B 【导语】本文介绍了电影《深海》及其导演田晓鹏对“优秀电影”的理解，包括影片的故事内容、叙事手法、技术创新以及想要传递的价值。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据“Step by step, she becomes braver and happier.”可知，苏在旅程后变得勇敢且快乐。“braver and happier”与“Brave and cheerful”意思相近。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据“But the dream is closely connected to life. For example, Captain Nanhe in the dream is actually the man who saved her from the ocean in real life.”可知，提到南河船长是为了举例说明梦境与现实生活的联系。故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据“A classic movie needs a heart-touching story. It should look closely into the lives of people, and leave the audience thinking about something valuable”以及“Tian also gave the audience a fresh cinema experience by mixing together two story lines.”可知，田晓鹏认为一部经典电影需要①感人的故事、②新颖的观影体验和④值得思考的有价值的想法。故选A。 24．细节理解题。根据“I hope it can help people feel the inner world of lonely children better”可知，这部电影希望让人们关注和思考孤独儿童的内心世界。故选B。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、阅读理解 （24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期末） People have been facing the problem of finding clean energy for a long time. More than a hundred years ago, people started placing turbines (涡轮) in rivers. The moving water turned the turbine and produced power. More recently, companies have begun using the power of the wind to provide electrical (电的) energy. Both of them avoid the use of fossil fuels (石油燃料) and help build a cleaner environment. In the past few years, however, another energy can be chosen on the coasts of the United States. People there now want to use the power of the rise and fall of ocean water each day. Like wind power, tidal power provides a very clean energy. Wind comes and goes and there is no way to control it. Tidal power is predictable (可预测的) and it happens every day. People know exactly when the tide will come in and go out. In some ways, tidal turbines are very similar to those used to make electricity from wind. For example, both types of turbine must have a very heavy foundation (地基). Wind turbines need them because they are very tall and might fall over in high winds. Tidal turbines need them because they are placed in narrow openings on the ocean floor. In these places, the force of the moving water is very strong. In other ways, the two types of turbines are quite different. The blades (桨叶) of a tidal turbine must be much stronger than those of a wind turbine. A company called Verdant Energy built some model turbines for its project in New York City’s East River. When they put the turbines into the river, the blades broke off at once. The company had to design new, stronger blades before the project could continue. 1．What can we learn about tidal power according to the text? A．Tidal power is cheap to produce. B．Tidal power works in any place. C．Tidal power doesn’t need turbines. D．Tidal power needs stronger blades. 2．The following sentence can be best placed at the beginning of ________. However, it does have one big advantage (优势) over wind power. A．Para 2 B．Para 3 C．Para 4 D．Para 5 3．How is the passage organized? A．By explaining events in time order. B．By offering problems and advice. C．By describing two different types of energy. D．By describing the use of fossil fuels. 4．Which is the best title of this passage? A．The History of Clean Energy B．Fossil Fuels vs. Clean Energy C．How Turbines Work in Rivers and Oceans D．Tidal Energy: A Better Choice Than Wind Power? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲了两个不同种类的能量：风力发电和潮汐力发电，以及它们的优缺点。 1．细节理解题。根据“The blades (桨叶) of a tidal turbine must be much stronger than those of a wind turbine.”可知，潮汐发电需要更强的叶片。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Wind comes and goes and there is no way to control it. Tidal power is predictable (可预测的) and it happens every day. People know exactly when the tide will come in and go out.”可知，第三段主要讲了潮汐力发电比风力发电的优势。题干给出的句子意思：然而，它比风力多一个大的优势。说明了接下来要介绍的可预测性优点，所以适合放在第三段开头。故选B。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知文章主要讲了两个不同种类的能量：风力发电和潮汐力发电。可知，本文通过描述两种不同种类的能量。故选C。 4．最佳标题。本文不仅描述了涡轮机是如何在河流和海洋中工作的，还描述了两种不同的清洁能源——风力发电和潮汐力发电的优点和缺点。故选D。 二、任务型阅读 （24-25八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 In cities, a growing number of people are turning their homes into small green gardens by keeping houseplants. According to a recent survey, about 65% of the families have at least three plants in their living spaces. There are several reasons why indoor gardening has become so popular in the city. First, plants help make indoor air clean. They take in harmful things from the air and give out fresh oxygen. Second, looking after plants brings a sense of achievement, especially when seeing a small seed grow into a healthy plant. Moreover, plants are beautiful, ever-changing home decorations. Unlike static artworks (静态艺术品), living plants grow and change with the seasons, bringing natural beauty into city flats. However, beginners often face some problems. Some choose unsuitable plants. For example, many beginners buy sun-loving plants like roses but place them in rooms with poor light. Overwatering is another common problem. New growers may water plants too often because they don’t know that most indoor plants prefer drier soil. To help solve the problems, local gardening centers provide free guidance on choosing the right plants for different light conditions and proper watering skills. With the right knowledge, anyone can achieve success in home gardening. Moreover, many neighborhood communities have started plant exchange programs to share advice with beginners. Some schools have even added plant care into their life skills courses. With these helpful resources, anyone in the city can develop a green thumb and enjoy the journey of growing alongside your plants. Why not begin your own indoor gardening adventure today? 5．What are differences between living plants and static artworks? 6．What problems do beginners often face in plant-growing? 7．Why is overwatering bad for indoor plants? 8．How do local gardening centers help solve the beginners’ problems? 9．How can you try to be a green thumb?（请自拟一句话回答） 【答案】5．Living plants grow and change with seasons, while static artworks don’t. 6．Choosing unsuitable plants and overwatering. 7．Because most indoor plants prefer drier soil. 8．By providing free guidance on plant choice and watering skills. 9．We can learn gardening skills and communicate with experienced plant lovers. 【导语】本文介绍城市室内园艺流行原因、初学者问题及解决办法。 【详解】5．根据“Unlike static artworks (静态艺术品), living plants grow and change with the seasons, bringing natural beauty into city flats.”可知，活的植物具备随季节生长变化的特点，静态艺术品没有。故填Living plants grow and change with seasons, while static artworks don’t. 6．根据“However, beginners often face some problems. Some choose unsuitable plants. For example, many beginners buy sun-loving plants like roses but place them in rooms with poor light. Overwatering is another common problem.”可知，明确提到初学者面临选不合适植物和浇水过多的问题。故填Choosing unsuitable plants and overwatering. 7．根据“Overwatering is another common problem. New growers may water plants too often because they don’t know that most indoor plants prefer drier soil.”可知，因多数室内植物偏好干燥土壤，过度浇水不符合其生长需求。故填Because most indoor plants prefer drier soil. 8．根据“To help solve the problems, local gardening centers provide free guidance on choosing the right plants for different light conditions and proper watering skills.”可知，园艺中心通过提供选植物和浇水技巧方面的免费指导来帮忙。故填By providing free guidance on plant choice and watering skills. 9．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为We can learn gardening skills and communicate with experienced plant lovers. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $