精品解析：广东省梅州市兴宁市第一中学2024-2025学年八年级上学期第二次月考英语试题

兴宁一中人教版2024-2025学年上期八年级英语第二次月考试题 说明：全卷共6页，51小题，满分90分（不含听说），考试用时75分钟。 一、语法选择（本大题有10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 I still remember I ____1____ in love with English from a very young age, because I thought it was such a useful language. Full of strong desire of learning English, I began to learn it. But soon I found it more difficult than expected. There were ____2____ words, expressions and many other things to remember. And even if I knew how ____3____ them, I couldn’t use them ____4____ and exactly. And I did rather badly in my first English test. I was worried about it. This made ____5____ upset and I lost my interest in English little by little. When I was in trouble, my English teacher gave me much help. I knew that interest didn’t mean ____6____ and I should have some learning methods. I did as he said ____7____ tried many different ways of learning English. As the days went by, I could do better and better and became ____8____ in it. During summer vacation, ____9____ old lady from Australia visited my school. She had a talk with us. It was the first time that I had met a foreigner. I learned a lot ____10____ her. 1. A. fall B. fell C. will fall D. falling 2. A. much too B. many too C. too much D. too many 3. A. to write B. writing C. wrote D. to writing 4. A. correct B. correctly C. correction D. correctness 5. A. me B. I C. my D. myself 6. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 7. A. or B. but C. and D. because 8. A. interested B. interesting C. more and more interested D. more and more interesting 9. A. a B. an C. the D. / 10. A. to B. in C. from D. for 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者学习英语的经历，从小时候爱上英语，到入门遇到困难失去兴趣，到在老师帮助下掌握方法并重拾兴趣的过程。 【1题详解】 句意：我仍然记得我从很小的时候就爱上了英语，因为我觉得它是一门如此有用的语言。 根据“from a very young age”可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。 【2题详解】 句意：有太多的单词、表达和许多其他东西要记。 根据“words”为可数名词复数可知，应用too many修饰。 【3题详解】 句意：而且即使我知道怎么写它们，我也不能正确且准确地使用它们。 根据“疑问词how+不定式”结构作宾语，可知应用to write。 【4题详解】 句意：而且即使我知道怎么写它们，我也不能正确且准确地使用它们。 根据修饰动词“use”且与“exactly”并列，可知应用副词correctly。 【5题详解】 句意：这让我很沮丧，我对英语的兴趣一点点减退了。 根据作动词“made”的宾语，可知应用宾格me。 【6题详解】 句意：我知道兴趣并不代表一切，我应该有一些学习方法。 根据语境兴趣重要但不是全部，否定句中表示部分否定，可知应用everything。 【7题详解】 句意：我照他说的做了，并且尝试了许多不同的英语学习方法。 根据前后动作是顺承并列关系，可知应用and连接。 【8题详解】 句意：随着时间的推移，我做得越来越好，对英语变得越来越感兴趣。 根据主语是人且表示程度加深，可知应用more and more interested。 【9题详解】 句意： 暑假期间，一位来自澳大利亚的老妇人参观了我的学校。 根据“old”以元音音素开头且表泛指，可知应用an。 【10题详解】 句意：我从她那里学到了很多。 根据固定搭配“learn from sb.”，可知应用from。 二、完形填空（本大题有 10 小题，每小题 1 分,共 10 分） 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life. So, choosing a job is one of the most important ____11____ to make in life. For my job, there are three important things that I will think about. The first one is that I must work in an area I like. It is the most important to me. I would like to work in an area where I can be more ____12____. I would like to provide others with new ideas and to be the most valuable (有价值的) member there. The second one is that the area of my work must lead me to ____13____ some new and hard problems. More than just working to live, I enjoy making a ____14____ and trying my best for the whole progress (进步). I would also like to be well paid for my hard work, so I can live a ____15____ life with my family. The third important thing is that I would like to work in an area that would help other people. When I become ____16____, I would like to look back with a great sense of satisfaction that thousands of people have become better persons through my ____17____. I accept the idea that no one should make a choice of a job suddenly or ____18____. He should decide what he wants to be in the ____19____ run. Then, he should decide how he works towards it. He should study the proper (合适的) lessons, read the books and speak to knowledgeable persons in that field before making a job choice. A(n) ____20____ choice will most probably lead to a better life. 11. A. rules B. decisions C. promises D. habits 12. A. creative B. relaxed C. careful D. surprised 13. A. work out B. think of C. look for D. care about 14. A. wish B. difference C. rule D. call 15. A. poor B. difficult C. dangerous D. comfortable 16. A. heavy B. rich C. old D. strong 17. A. guess B. mind C. work D. hope 18. A. carefully B. seriously C. clearly D. quickly 19. A. long B. short C. hard D. easy 20. A. real B. wise C. wrong D. unusual 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文阐述了择业的重要性，作者分享了三个择业标准，强调工作应有趣、有挑战且助人，建议人们长远规划，明智选择，过上更好生活。 【11题详解】 句意：所以，选择工作是生活中要做出的最重要的决定之一。 根据前文“choosing a job”可知，选择工作是一个决定，make decisions为固定搭配。rules“规则”、promises“承诺”、habits“习惯”不符语境。 【12题详解】 句意：我想在一个能让我更有创造力的领域工作。 根据后文“provide others with new ideas”提供新想法，可知需要创造力，creative“有创造力的”符合。relaxed“放松的”、careful“小心的”、surprised“惊讶的”与新想法无关。 【13题详解】 句意：第二点是我的工作领域必须让我能够解决一些新的难题。 根据“problems”可知，此处指解决问题，work out意为解决。think of“想到”、look for“寻找”、care about“关心”搭配不当或语意不通。 【14题详解】 句意：……我喜欢做出改变，为整体进步尽最大努力。 make a difference是固定搭配，意为“起作用，有影响”。wish“愿望”、rule“规则”、call“电话”无此搭配且语意不通。 【15题详解】 句意：……这样我就能和家人过上舒适的生活。 根据前文“well paid”报酬丰厚，可知能过上舒适生活，comfortable“舒适的”符合。poor“贫穷的”、difficult“困难的”、dangerous“危险的”与高报酬逻辑相反。 【16题详解】 句意：当我老去，回首往事时，我希望能由衷地感到欣慰：通过我的工作，千千万万的人都变得更加优秀。 根据“look back”回首往事，通常指年老时，old“年老的”符合人生回顾的语境。heavy“沉重的”、rich“富有的”、strong“强壮的”不符合回首人生的语境。 【17题详解】 句意：当我老去，回首往事时，我希望能由衷地感到欣慰：通过我的工作，千千万万的人都变得更加优秀。 根据全文主题“工作选择”，此处指通过作者的“工作”帮助他人，through my work“通过我的工作”正确。guess“猜测”、mind“头脑”、hope“希望”不符合语境。 【18题详解】 句意：……任何人都不应该突然或匆忙地做出工作选择。 根据“suddenly”突然地，可知此处指不应草率快速，quickly“匆忙地”与suddenly“突然地”并列。carefully“仔细地”、seriously“严肃地”、clearly“清楚地”是正面词汇，不应被否定。 【19题详解】 句意：他应该决定长远来看想成为什么样的人。 in the long run是固定搭配，意为“从长远来看”。short“短的”、hard“难的”、easy“容易的”无此搭配。 【20题详解】 句意：一个明智的选择很可能会带来更好的生活。 根据前文建议（学习、读书、咨询），可知要做明智的选择，wise“明智的”符合。real“真实的”、wrong“错误的”、unusual“不寻常的”不符合逻辑。 三、阅读理解（本大题有15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读 A、B 两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，将答题卡上相应题目所选的选项涂黑。 (A) Colors from milk In this experiment, a glass of water acts like the Earth’s atmosphere (大气层)—the air that surrounds (围绕) us and the sky over our heads. You’ll  need ·Clear drinking glass · Milk, any kind · Small spoon · Flashlight (手电筒) 1. Fill a glass halfway with water. In a dark room, shine a flashlight on the glass from the top, sides and all angles (角度). Does the light change when it goes through the glass? 2. Add 1/4 teaspoon of milk to water and stir (搅拌). Shine light on glass from all angles again. What do you see? What happens? The light looks blue when you look at the side of the glass. That’s because the tiny particles (分子) of milk scatter (使分散) the light, making it look blue. Atmospheric molecules such as nitrogen and oxygen scatter sunlight (Rayleigh scattering), which makes the sky look blue; dust and pollution mainly cause whitish haze rather than a blue sky. Look at the side of the glass opposite to the light, and it looks pink or orange. Blue light has scattered from the beam (光线) of light, leaving those colors show up. At sunrise and sunset, the sun makes the sky look red or orange because its light has to travel through more air. Blue light gets scattered away, but red and orange light can reach us, painting the sky in beautiful colors. 21. In the experiment, what is used to act as the sun? A. A glass. B. A flashlight. C. A spoon. D. Milk. 22. The right order of the experiment is ________. ①Add some milk to water and stir. ②Fill glass halfway with water in the dark. ③Shine light on glass from all angles again. ④Shine light on glass from all angles. A. ②④①③ B. ①③②④ C. ②③①④ D. ①④②③ 23. Why does the sky look orange at sunset? A. Because the sun itself is orange. B. Because there is no dust at that time. C. Because blue light has scattered from sunlight. D. Because air pollution clouds people’s eyes. 24. Which statement of the experiment is NOT true? A. The experiment must be done in a darkened place. B. Any kind of milk can be used in this experiment. C. The light looks blue when you look at the side of the glass opposite the light. D. The milk in the experiment is like the dust and air pollution in the atmosphere. 25. Where might you see the post? A. At a glass store. B. In a hospital. C. In a storybook. D. On a science website. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个模拟地球大气层光学现象的科学小实验，通过手电筒照射加有牛奶的水杯，解释了天空为什么是蓝色的，以及日出和日落时天空为什么会呈现红橙色的科学原理。 【21题详解】 根据实验步骤中的“shine a flashlight on the glass from the top, sides and all angles”（从顶部、侧面和各个角度用手电筒照射玻璃杯）可知，在这个实验中，手电筒（flashlight）被用来模拟太阳的光线。故选B。 【22题详解】 根据文中的实验步骤：首先第一步是“Fill a glass halfway with water”（将玻璃杯装一半水），对应②；接着是“shine a flashlight on the glass from the top, sides and all angles”（用手电筒从各个角度照射杯子），对应④；然后第二步是“Add 1/4 teaspoon of milk to water and stir”（加入四分之一茶匙的牛奶并搅拌），对应①；最后是“Shine light on glass from all angles again”（再次从各个角度照射杯子），对应③。因此正确的顺序为②④①③。故选A。 【23题详解】 根据文中“What happens?”部分的解释：“Blue light has scattered from the beam of light, leaving those colors show up. At sunrise and sunset... red and orange light can reach us...”（蓝光从光束中散射出去，留下了那些颜色显现出来。在日出和日落时……红光和橙光能够到达我们这里）。由此可知，日落时天空看起来呈橙色是因为蓝光已经从阳光中散射掉了。故选C。 【24题详解】 根据文中“The light looks blue when you look at the side of the glass.”（当你看着玻璃杯的侧面时，光线看起来是蓝色的。）以及“Look at the side of the glass opposite to the light, and it looks pink or orange.”（看向玻璃杯中与光源相对的那一面，它看起来是粉色或橙色的。）可知，选项C表述为“当看着玻璃杯与光源相对的那一侧时，光线看起来是蓝色的”，这与原文事实完全相反。本题要求选出NOT true的一项，故选C。 【25题详解】 通读全文可知，这篇文章包含实验材料清单、详细的操作步骤以及背后的科学原理解释，属于典型的科普类文章。因此，最有可能看到这篇文章的地方是科学网站（On a science website）。故选D。 (B) China now has more than 30,000 kilometers of high speed track, and this is expected to increase to 38,000 kilometers by the end of 2025. Fully two thirds of the world’s high speed rail (by length) is in China. Here, we track the exciting technological developments in high speed rail and consider their cultural influence. While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible, some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions (places that many tourists visit). A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line. Technically speaking, this was one of the most challenging high speed rail routes ever built; nearly 90% of the track was laid either on bridges or in tunnels. However, the amazing views are worth it, as the train goes through some of China’s most beautiful mountainous areas, including the Huangshan and the Wuyi Mountain Ranges. As China has gained skills and knowledge in high speed rail, it is trying to export its technology to other countries. Its first project on the international market was the line connecting Istanbul with Turkey’s capital, Ankara, 530 kilometers away. This was followed by projects among other countries. Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans-Asian network connecting China with European countries. Although it is difficult, China will make every effort to take on this plan. It is hoped to be completed by 2030 as a part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (倡议). Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours. So this convenience should improve the development within and out of China. No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes. 26. How many kilometers will the high speed track increase by next year in China? A. About 38,000. B. Over 68,000. C. Over 30,000. D. About 8,000. 27. Why does the writer talk about the Hefei-Fuzhou line in Paragraph 2? A. To prove how fast the high speed lines can be. B. To point out how convenient the high speed lines are. C. To explain high speed lines can be popular tourist attractions. D. To show the technical development of the high speed lines. 28. What does the underlined word “network” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. road. B. system. C. line. D. point. 29. What advantage of the high speed rail is mentioned in the text? A. Stepping toward the peace B. Reducing the travel time C. Making tourism cheaper D. Making agreement 30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Racing on track B. Great Changes in China C. Rising China in the World D. High Speed Rail in the World 【答案】26. D 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国高铁的发展现状及其对国内外的影响，包括高铁线路的便利性、旅游吸引力以及中国在国际市场上的高铁技术输出。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“China now has more than 30,000 kilometers of high speed track, and this is expected to increase to 38,000 kilometers by the end of 2025.”可知，中国目前拥有3万多公里的高速铁路，预计到2025年底将增加到3.8万公里，也就是明年会增加约38000-30000=8000公里，故选D。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据上文“some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions”和本段“A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line.”可知，本段谈到合肥至福州高铁，主要是解释为什么某些高铁线路会成为受欢迎的旅游胜地。故选C。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“connecting China with European countries”可知，此处说的是连接中国和欧洲国家的泛亚网络，“network”的意思是“系统”，故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours.”可知，关于高铁的一个优势是降低了行驶时间，故选B。 【30题详解】 标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国高铁的发展现状及其对国内外的影响，所以“轨道上的竞速”符合要求，生动体现了高铁快速发展的主题，既贴合内容又有概括性。故选A。 (C) 阅读理解，七选五。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The history of chocolate begins with a plant whose name is cacao (可可豆). For centuries, people worldwide have been enjoying the rich favor of chocolate, a product made from cacao. ____31____ Americans eat an average of more than five kilograms of chocolate per person every year. The specialty (特产) shop shows the culture of chocolate and sells chocolates from different areas of the world. Historians believe the Mayan people of Central America first learned to farm cacao plants around 2,000 years ago. ____32____ Then they grew them around their homes. They cooked the cacao seeds (种子) and pressed them into soft powder (粉末). They mixed the powder with water to make a delicious chocolate drink. There are often images of cacao plants on Maya buildings and art objects. The rulers drank chocolate at ceremonies. ____33____ The Aztecs also valued chocolate in the Aztec culture. But the cacao plant could not grow in the area where they lived. ____34____ They even used cacao seeds as a form of money to pay or give as offerings (祭品) to the gods. Only the very rich people in Aztec societies could afford to drink chocolate because cacao was so valuable. The explorer Christopher Columbus brought cacao seeds to Spain after his trip to Central America in 1502. The rich people of Spain first enjoyed the chocolate drink. ____35____ Nowadays, the English, Dutch and French all plant cacao trees in their own countries. A. Chocolate is very sensitive (敏感) to temperature. B. The Mayan took the cacao trees from the rainforests. C. Chocolate is especially popular in the United States. D. Chocolate has been prepared as a drink for nearly all of its history. E. So they had to exchange goods with other societies for cacao seeds. F. Since then, the popularity of the drink has spread throughout Europe. G. And even poorer members of Mayan society could enjoy the drink sometimes. 【答案】31. C 32. B 33. G 34. E 35. F 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了深受全世界人们喜欢的巧克力以及它的历史和传播。 【31题详解】 根据后一句“Americans eat an average of more than five kilograms of chocolate per person every year. （美国人平均每人每年吃五公斤以上的巧克力。）”，可知巧克力在美国是受欢迎的。选项C“巧克力在美国特别受欢迎”符合，故选C。 【32题详解】 根据后一句“Then they grew them around their homes.（然后他们在家里种植。）”，其中then意为“然后”，故可知上句应该是先得到可可树，然后才出现下句的种植。选项B“玛雅人从热带雨林中采集可可树”符合，故选B。 【33题详解】 根据上句“The rulers drank chocolate at ceremonies.（统治者在仪式上喝巧克力。）”，结合选项G“即使是玛雅社会中较穷的成员有时也能享用这种饮料”可知，都是在讲巧克力在玛雅社会中的应用，And even将上下文连在一起，故选G。 【34题详解】 根据前一句“ But the cacao plant could not grow in the area where they lived. （但是可可树不能在他们生活的地方生长。）”，因此，他们不得不与其他社会交换可可豆种子。选项E“所以他们不得不与其他社会交换可可种子”符合，前后是因果关系，so起着关键作用，故选E。 【35题详解】 根据上句的“The rich people of Spain first enjoyed the chocolate drink.（西班牙的富人首先喜欢巧克力饮料。）”，再根据本空后句“Nowadays, the English, Dutch and French all plant cacao trees in their own countries.（如今，英国、荷兰和法国都在自己的国家种植可可树。）”，可知从那以后，这种饮料的受欢迎程度已经传遍了整个欧洲。选项F“从那时起，这种饮料就在整个欧洲流行开来”符合，故选F。 四、短文填空。（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请阅读下面这篇文章，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 The famous Russian writer Leo Tolstoy (托尔斯泰) once said, “Everyone ____36____ of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself.” He was right. We always plan or dream to do something great so that we can change the world. For example, we hate ____37____, so we try to find new energy sources (能源) to keep the environment clean. ____38____, we still litter on the ground in our lives. Also, we are not satisfied with the traffic, so we plan to build more highways to solve it. But ____39____ fact, the main reason for it is that many people don’t follow the traffic rules. Now, lots of students always think their homework is very difficult and find ____40____ hard to pass exams. In their eyes, the problems on their papers are too difficult. But actually the real reason is that they don’t study hard. They never think about changing their attitudes (态度) toward study ____41____ working hard on their lessons. In my opinion, before we decide to change the world, we should change ourselves first. As common people, it is not ____42____ for us to change the world, but we can easily give up our bad habits, such as littering (乱扔), ____43____ traffic rules and always complaining (抱怨) about ____44____ difficult the exam is. If we can do that, we’ll be strong ____45____ to change the world some day and make it. 【答案】36. thinks 37. pollution 38. However 39. in 40. it 41. or 42. easy 43. breaking 44. how 45. enough 【解析】 【导语】本文借托尔斯泰名言，以环保、交通、学习为例，说明问题根源常在自身，倡导先修正自我，方能改变世界。 【36题详解】 句意：每个人都想着改变世界，却没人想到改变自己。此处需要表达“想着”，根据后文并列分句“no one thinks of changing himself”给出固定搭配“think of”，确定此处动词用think；主语Everyone是不定代词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数，故填thinks。 【37题详解】 句意：举个例子，我们讨厌污染，所以努力寻找新能源来保持环境洁净。后半句提到“to keep the environment clean”，说明我们讨厌的是破坏环境的事物，结合语境可知此处指污染。hate后接名词作宾语，pollution“污染”为不可数名词，符合语境和语法。 【38题详解】 句意：然而，日常生活中我们仍随地乱扔垃圾。前句说想要保护环境，本句说依旧乱扔垃圾，前后语义转折；空格后有逗号，句首大写，故填However。 【39题详解】 句意：但事实上，交通问题的主要原因是很多人不遵守交通规则。“in fact”意为“事实上”，是固定搭配。 【40题详解】 句意：如今很多学生总觉得作业很难，发现通过考试很难。此处需填it构成固定结构“find it+形容词+to do sth.”，it作形式宾语指代后面真正的不定式宾语。 【41题详解】 句意：他们从没想过改变学习态度，或者努力学好功课。改变学习态度、刻苦学习是两种可选的改进方式，表选择含义，故填or。 【42题详解】 句意：作为普通人，我们想要改变世界并不容易，但我们能轻松改掉坏习惯。前半句表达“改变世界不容易”，后半句用but表转折，说明此处需要表达“容易的”，“it is+形容词+for sb. to do”是固定句型，此处需用形容词作谓语，故填easy。 【43题详解】 句意：比如乱扔垃圾、违反交通规则、总抱怨考试有多难。“such as”后并列动名词列举坏习惯，“违反交通规则”用“break traffic rules”；与littering、complaining并列需变为动名词，故填breaking。 【44题详解】 句意：比如乱扔垃圾、违反交通规则、总抱怨考试有多难。此处是how引导的感叹句作宾语从句，句型为“how+形容词+主语+谓语”，表“多么……”。 【45题详解】 句意：如果我们能做到这些，终有一天我们会强大到足以改变世界并实现它。句子想表达“强大到能够改变世界”，英语中表达“足够……去做某事”的固定搭配为“形容词+enough to do”，故填enough。 五、读写综合（本大题分为 A、B 两部分，共 25 分） A 回答问题 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。 You often hear “New year, new me” in the UK on the first of January. It is very common to start a new year’s resolution on this day. This can be to give up something, like sweets or chocolate, so you can be healthier. People also like to start doing something new. There are so many things you can do! Many people I know decide to play sports and eat healthier food as their new year’s resolution. Many become heavier after the holidays as they often eat a lot. I think new year’s resolutions are a great idea to give people motivation (动机) to do something good for themselves. When other people have the same resolution as yours, it helps you to stick to your own. For example, you could go jogging (慢跑) with a group of friends several times a week. That can be so much more fun and help you to keep the resolution. Also, I think it is important for you to choose something realistic as a new year’s resolution. In the past, I have given up chocolate, stopped eating meat and started doing kung fu. Soon after that, I gave up some of these things, such as not eating chocolate. They were too difficult to keep. And some I kept on with and still do now. This year, my resolution is to travel less by plane. Living in the UK, it was very difficult to travel without a car and not by plane, but now that I live in Germany I find it much easier to travel by another mode (模式) of transport. There are more environmentally friendly ways that I can choose like travelling by train or bus. Though it’s more expensive, I know that I will do harm to the environment much less. 46. When do people often start new year’s resolutions in the UK? ________________ 47. What resolutions has the writer made to keep healthy in the past? ________________ 48. Where does the writer live now? ________________ 49. Why does the writer choose to travel less by plane this year? ________________ 50. What does the passage mainly talk about? ________________ B书面表达 51. 请根据要求完成短文写作，并将写作内容写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 寒假就快要到了，同学们一定有很多打算。如何让自己的假期过得更精彩，更充实，更有意义？请以“My Plan for the Winter Vacation”为题，用英语写一篇短文。 内容包括： 1. 我将为假期生活制定一个计划； 2. 计划包括：学习方面的安排及原因；锻炼方面的安排及原因；其它方面的安排； 3. 我希望我能拥有一个快乐又有意义的假期。 作文要求： 1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。 2. 语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。 My Plan for the Winter Vacation Winter vacation is coming. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】46. People often start new year’s resolutions on the first of January in the UK. 47. The writer has given up chocolate, stopped eating meat and started doing kung fu. 48. The writer lives in Germany now. 49. Because the writer thinks that he/she will do harm to the environment much less. 50. Opinions about making new year’s resolutions. 51. One possible version My Plan for the Winter Vacation Winter vacation is coming. First, I will make a clear plan for my holiday. For study, I will finish my holiday homework carefully every day and read two great books, because reading improves my knowledge and gets me ready for the new term. For exercise, I will run 30 minutes every morning. Keeping exercise makes me strong and keeps away from illness. I will also help my parents do housework on weekends. I hope I can have a happy and meaningful winter vacation. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了英国新年决心的文化传统，作者认为决心能激励人但要现实可行，并以自己的经历说明了这一点。 【46题详解】 文章第一段“You often hear ‘New year, new me’ in the UK on the first of January. It is very common to start a new year’s resolution on this day.”说明人们通常在1月1日开始新年决心。 【47题详解】 文章第三段“In the past, I have given up chocolate, stopped eating meat and started doing kung fu.”说明作者过去为了健康制定的决心包括戒巧克力、不吃肉和练功夫。 【48题详解】 文章第四段“...but now that I live in Germany I find it much easier to travel by another mode of transport.”说明作者现在住在德国。 【49题详解】 文章第四段“There are more environmentally friendly ways that I can choose... I know that I will do harm to the environment much less.”说明作者选择少乘飞机是为了减少对环境危害。 【50题详解】 全文围绕新年决心展开，先介绍英国新年立目标的普遍现象，再依次阐述作者对立新年决心的看法：它能催人上进、建议选择切合实际的目标，最后分享自己过往和今年的新年决心，整体都是围绕对制定新年决心的观点展开。 【51题详解】 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性记叙文，用一般将来时为主 明确要点：制定寒假计划（整体规划）、学习锻炼安排及原因、其他假期安排、假期美好期许 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：不得照抄原文，不得透露真实姓名和学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，引出寒假，表明制定假期计划 主体段：分别介绍学习、锻炼、其他假期安排及对应原因 结尾段：总结感受，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：制定假期计划 规划内容：make a clear plan for my holiday/make a careful and useful plan for the winter vacation等 规划作用：make my holiday meaningful/make my winter vacation colorful and wonderful等 要点二：学习方面的安排及原因 学习安排：finish my holiday homework carefully and read two great books/finish study tasks on time and read more useful books等 学习原因：improve my knowledge and get me ready for the new term/enrich my knowledge and prepare well for the new study term等 要点三：锻炼方面的安排及原因 锻炼安排：run 30 minutes every morning/do sports every day to keep active等 锻炼原因：makes me strong and keeps away from illness/build up my body and keep healthy等 要点四：其它方面的安排 生活安排：help my parents do housework on weekends/share housework with my family in free time等 要点五：假期美好期许 期许表达：I hope I can have a happy and meaningful winter vacation/wish myself a wonderful and worthwhile winter vacation等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 兴宁一中人教版2024-2025学年上期八年级英语第二次月考试题 说明：全卷共6页，51小题，满分90分（不含听说），考试用时75分钟。 一、语法选择（本大题有10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 I still remember I ____1____ in love with English from a very young age, because I thought it was such a useful language. Full of strong desire of learning English, I began to learn it. But soon I found it more difficult than expected. There were ____2____ words, expressions and many other things to remember. And even if I knew how ____3____ them, I couldn’t use them ____4____ and exactly. And I did rather badly in my first English test. I was worried about it. This made ____5____ upset and I lost my interest in English little by little. When I was in trouble, my English teacher gave me much help. I knew that interest didn’t mean ____6____ and I should have some learning methods. I did as he said ____7____ tried many different ways of learning English. As the days went by, I could do better and better and became ____8____ in it. During summer vacation, ____9____ old lady from Australia visited my school. She had a talk with us. It was the first time that I had met a foreigner. I learned a lot ____10____ her. 1. A. fall B. fell C. will fall D. falling 2. A. much too B. many too C. too much D. too many 3. A. to write B. writing C. wrote D. to writing 4. A. correct B. correctly C. correction D. correctness 5. A. me B. I C. my D. myself 6. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 7. A. or B. but C. and D. because 8. A. interested B. interesting C. more and more interested D. more and more interesting 9. A. a B. an C. the D. / 10. A. to B. in C. from D. for 二、完形填空（本大题有 10 小题，每小题 1 分,共 10 分） 通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Making a good job choice is almost as good as choosing a good life. So, choosing a job is one of the most important ____11____ to make in life. For my job, there are three important things that I will think about. The first one is that I must work in an area I like. It is the most important to me. I would like to work in an area where I can be more ____12____. I would like to provide others with new ideas and to be the most valuable (有价值的) member there. The second one is that the area of my work must lead me to ____13____ some new and hard problems. More than just working to live, I enjoy making a ____14____ and trying my best for the whole progress (进步). I would also like to be well paid for my hard work, so I can live a ____15____ life with my family. The third important thing is that I would like to work in an area that would help other people. When I become ____16____, I would like to look back with a great sense of satisfaction that thousands of people have become better persons through my ____17____. I accept the idea that no one should make a choice of a job suddenly or ____18____. He should decide what he wants to be in the ____19____ run. Then, he should decide how he works towards it. He should study the proper (合适的) lessons, read the books and speak to knowledgeable persons in that field before making a job choice. A(n) ____20____ choice will most probably lead to a better life. 11. A. rules B. decisions C. promises D. habits 12. A. creative B. relaxed C. careful D. surprised 13. A. work out B. think of C. look for D. care about 14. A. wish B. difference C. rule D. call 15 A. poor B. difficult C. dangerous D. comfortable 16. A. heavy B. rich C. old D. strong 17. A. guess B. mind C. work D. hope 18. A. carefully B. seriously C. clearly D. quickly 19. A. long B. short C. hard D. easy 20. A. real B. wise C. wrong D. unusual 三、阅读理解（本大题有15 小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读 A、B 两篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，将答题卡上相应题目所选的选项涂黑。 (A) Colors from milk In this experiment, a glass of water acts like the Earth’s atmosphere (大气层)—the air that surrounds (围绕) us and the sky over our heads. You’ll  need ·Clear drinking glass · Milk, any kind · Small spoon · Flashlight (手电筒) 1. Fill a glass halfway with water. In a dark room, shine a flashlight on the glass from the top, sides and all angles (角度). Does the light change when it goes through the glass? 2. Add 1/4 teaspoon of milk to water and stir (搅拌). Shine light on glass from all angles again. What do you see? What happens? The light looks blue when you look at the side of the glass. That’s because the tiny particles (分子) of milk scatter (使分散) the light, making it look blue. Atmospheric molecules such as nitrogen and oxygen scatter sunlight (Rayleigh scattering), which makes the sky look blue; dust and pollution mainly cause whitish haze rather than a blue sky. Look at the side of the glass opposite to the light, and it looks pink or orange. Blue light has scattered from the beam (光线) of light, leaving those colors show up. At sunrise and sunset, the sun makes the sky look red or orange because its light has to travel through more air. Blue light gets scattered away, but red and orange light can reach us, painting the sky in beautiful colors. 21. In the experiment, what is used to act as the sun? A. A glass. B. A flashlight. C. A spoon. D. Milk. 22. The right order of the experiment is ________. ①Add some milk to water and stir. ②Fill glass halfway with water in the dark. ③Shine light on glass from all angles again. ④Shine light on glass from all angles. A. ②④①③ B. ①③②④ C. ②③①④ D. ①④②③ 23 Why does the sky look orange at sunset? A. Because the sun itself is orange. B. Because there is no dust at that time. C. Because blue light has scattered from sunlight. D. Because air pollution clouds people’s eyes. 24. Which statement of the experiment is NOT true? A. The experiment must be done in a darkened place. B. Any kind of milk can be used in this experiment. C. The light looks blue when you look at the side of the glass opposite the light. D. The milk in the experiment is like the dust and air pollution in the atmosphere. 25 Where might you see the post? A. At a glass store. B. In a hospital. C. In a storybook. D. On a science website. (B) China now has more than 30,000 kilometers of high speed track, and this is expected to increase to 38,000 kilometers by the end of 2025. Fully two thirds of the world’s high speed rail (by length) is in China. Here, we track the exciting technological developments in high speed rail and consider their cultural influence. While the main advantage of the high speed rail lines is convenience for people to get from one city to another as quickly as possible, some of these high speed lines have become popular tourist attractions (places that many tourists visit). A good example of this is the Hefei-Fuzhou high speed line. Technically speaking, this was one of the most challenging high speed rail routes ever built; nearly 90% of the track was laid either on bridges or in tunnels. However, the amazing views are worth it, as the train goes through some of China’s most beautiful mountainous areas, including the Huangshan and the Wuyi Mountain Ranges. As China has gained skills and knowledge in high speed rail, it is trying to export its technology to other countries. Its first project on the international market was the line connecting Istanbul with Turkey’s capital, Ankara, 530 kilometers away. This was followed by projects among other countries. Perhaps its most challenging project is a Trans-Asian network connecting China with European countries. Although it is difficult, China will make every effort to take on this plan. It is hoped to be completed by 2030 as a part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (倡议). Thanks to high speed rail, the travel time between main cities in China has already been reduced to only a few hours. So this convenience should improve the development within and out of China. No doubt, it will also bring the people of the country closer together, and in time bring about deep social changes. 26. How many kilometers will the high speed track increase by next year in China? A. About 38,000. B. Over 68,000. C. Over 30,000. D. About 8,000. 27. Why does the writer talk about the Hefei-Fuzhou line in Paragraph 2? A. To prove how fast the high speed lines can be. B. To point out how convenient the high speed lines are. C. To explain high speed lines can be popular tourist attractions. D. To show the technical development of the high speed lines. 28. What does the underlined word “network” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. road. B. system. C. line. D. point. 29. What advantage of the high speed rail is mentioned in the text? A. Stepping toward the peace B. Reducing the travel time C. Making tourism cheaper D. Making agreement 30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Racing on track B. Great Changes in China C. Rising China in the World D. High Speed Rail in the World (C) 阅读理解，七选五。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The history of chocolate begins with a plant whose name is cacao (可可豆). For centuries, people worldwide have been enjoying the rich favor of chocolate, a product made from cacao. ____31____ Americans eat an average of more than five kilograms of chocolate per person every year. The specialty (特产) shop shows the culture of chocolate and sells chocolates from different areas of the world. Historians believe the Mayan people of Central America first learned to farm cacao plants around 2,000 years ago. ____32____ Then they grew them around their homes. They cooked the cacao seeds (种子) and pressed them into soft powder (粉末). They mixed the powder with water to make a delicious chocolate drink. There are often images of cacao plants on Maya buildings and art objects. The rulers drank chocolate at ceremonies. ____33____ The Aztecs also valued chocolate in the Aztec culture But the cacao plant could not grow in the area where they lived. ____34____ They even used cacao seeds as a form of money to pay or give as offerings (祭品) to the gods. Only the very rich people in Aztec societies could afford to drink chocolate because cacao was so valuable. The explorer Christopher Columbus brought cacao seeds to Spain after his trip to Central America in 1502. The rich people of Spain first enjoyed the chocolate drink. ____35____ Nowadays, the English, Dutch and French all plant cacao trees in their own countries. A. Chocolate is very sensitive (敏感) to temperature. B. The Mayan took the cacao trees from the rainforests. C. Chocolate is especially popular in the United States. D. Chocolate has been prepared as a drink for nearly all of its history. E. So they had to exchange goods with other societies for cacao seeds. F. Since then, the popularity of the drink has spread throughout Europe. G And even poorer members of Mayan society could enjoy the drink sometimes. 四、短文填空。（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） 请阅读下面这篇文章，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 The famous Russian writer Leo Tolstoy (托尔斯泰) once said, “Everyone ____36____ of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself.” He was right. We always plan or dream to do something great so that we can change the world. For example, we hate ____37____, so we try to find new energy sources (能源) to keep the environment clean. ____38____, we still litter on the ground in our lives. Also, we are not satisfied with the traffic, so we plan to build more highways to solve it. But ____39____ fact, the main reason for it is that many people don’t follow the traffic rules. Now, lots of students always think their homework is very difficult and find ____40____ hard to pass exams. In their eyes, the problems on their papers are too difficult. But actually the real reason is that they don’t study hard. They never think about changing their attitudes (态度) toward study ____41____ working hard on their lessons. In my opinion, before we decide to change the world, we should change ourselves first. As common people, it is not ____42____ for us to change the world, but we can easily give up our bad habits, such as littering (乱扔), ____43____ traffic rules and always complaining (抱怨) about ____44____ difficult the exam is. If we can do that, we’ll be strong ____45____ to change the world some day and make it. 五、读写综合（本大题分为 A、B 两部分，共 25 分） A 回答问题 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语义完整。 You often hear “New year, new me” in the UK on the first of January. It is very common to start a new year’s resolution on this day. This can be to give up something, like sweets or chocolate, so you can be healthier. People also like to start doing something new. There are so many things you can do! Many people I know decide to play sports and eat healthier food as their new year’s resolution. Many become heavier after the holidays as they often eat a lot. I think new year’s resolutions are a great idea to give people motivation (动机) to do something good for themselves. When other people have the same resolution as yours, it helps you to stick to your own. For example, you could go jogging (慢跑) with a group of friends several times a week. That can be so much more fun and help you to keep the resolution. Also, I think it is important for you to choose something realistic as a new year’s resolution. In the past, I have given up chocolate, stopped eating meat and started doing kung fu. Soon after that, I gave up some of these things, such as not eating chocolate. They were too difficult to keep. And some I kept on with and still do now. This year, my resolution is to travel less by plane. Living in the UK, it was very difficult to travel without a car and not by plane, but now that I live in Germany I find it much easier to travel by another mode (模式) of transport. There are more environmentally friendly ways that I can choose like travelling by train or bus. Though it’s more expensive, I know that I will do harm to the environment much less. 46. When do people often start new year’s resolutions in the UK? ________________ 47. What resolutions has the writer made to keep healthy in the past? ________________ 48. Where does the writer live now? ________________ 49. Why does the writer choose to travel less by plane this year? ________________ 50. What does the passage mainly talk about? ________________ B书面表达 51. 请根据要求完成短文写作，并将写作内容写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 寒假就快要到了，同学们一定有很多打算。如何让自己的假期过得更精彩，更充实，更有意义？请以“My Plan for the Winter Vacation”为题，用英语写一篇短文。 内容包括： 1. 我将为假期生活制定一个计划； 2. 计划包括：学习方面的安排及原因；锻炼方面的安排及原因；其它方面的安排； 3. 我希望我能拥有一个快乐又有意义的假期。 作文要求： 1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。 2. 语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。 My Plan for the Winter Vacation Winter vacation is coming. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $