Unit 4 A good read Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件聚焦八年级下册Unit 4“疑问词+不定式”结构及“must与have to”用法，通过阅读《格列佛游记》片段导入，以“结构解析—转换技巧—易错提醒—情境应用”为支架，衔接语法规则与语用实践，构建完整知识脉络。 亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质，通过文本实例（如从阅读中提取“what to say”等句子）引导发现语法规则，对比“must（主观）与have to（客观）”培养逻辑辨析。采用任务型练习（改写句子、情境填空）和自我评估，助力学生提升语法应用与自主学习能力，为教师提供结构化教学资源。

Grammar 八年级下册 Unit 4 A good read Read Gulliver in Lilliput on pages 50-51 and find out the sentences with “Question words + to-infinitives”. (1) I did not know what to say either. (2) “I must run away from them,” I thought, but I did not know how to get away. 疑问词+to-infinitive 特殊结构 结构：疑问词 + 名词 + to do 适用疑问词：what, which, how many, how much 例句1：You can decide how many books to take with you. 例句2：He doesn't know which pen to use for the test. 解析：疑问词后接名词，明确“修饰的对象” Read the two sentences, the Tip and answer the following questions.  (1) Can you summarize the sentence structure? (2) Which question word can not be used with a to-infinitive? All question words can be used with to-infinitives except why. “Verb + question word + to-infinitive”. Read the table and find out the other three structures concerning to-infinitives.   a Adjective +question word +to-infinitives b Verb +object +question word +to-infinitives c Verb +question word+ to-infinitives d Verb+ question word+ noun+ to-infinitives 疑问词+to-infinitive 转换技巧 可转换为“疑问词引导的宾语从句” 转换规则：疑问词+to do = 疑问词 + 主语 + should/can + 动词原形 例句1：I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do. 例句2：She knows where to go. = She knows where she can go. 注意：转换后从句需用陈述语序 疑问词+to-infinitive 易错点提醒（一） 误用why+to do，why不能与to-infinitive连用 错误：I don't know why to leave early.（正确：why I should leave） 遗漏to，必须是“疑问词+to+动词原形” 错误：He doesn't know how write the review.（正确：how to write） Read the different groups of sentences and choose the correct structure for each group. c d a b must与have to 区别（一）——强调重点 must：强调“说话人的主观看法、强烈建议” 例句：I must check my spelling and grammar.（自己觉得有必要） have to：强调“客观情况、规则、义务迫使” 例句：I have to hand in the review on Friday.（学校规定） 核心区别：主观意愿 vs 客观要求 must与have to 共同点 两者都可表示“必须”，表达“有必要做某事” 后接动词原形：must + 动词原形；have to + 动词原形 例句1：I must finish my homework tonight. 例句2：I have to finish my homework tonight. 注意：三单时，have to 变 has to，must 不变 Rewrite the following sentences using question words + to-infinitives. (1) Gulliver did not know where he could find other people. Gulliver did not know _________________ other people. (2) Gulliver wondered who he could ask for help. Gulliver wondered _________________ help. (3) Gulliver was not sure how he could break the ropes. Gulliver was not sure _________________ the ropes. where to find who to ask for how to break Practice (1) After Gulliver stood up, he found out which way he should take to get away. After Gulliver stood up, he found out _____________________ to get away. (2) When Gulliver was tied up again, he was asking himself when he could leave the place. When Gulliver was tied up again, he was asking himself _______________________. (3) Gulliver was uncertain whether he should run away from Lilliput. Gulliver was uncertain _____________________ from Lilliput. which way to take when to leave the place whether to run away must与have to 区别（二）——否定形式 must 的否定：mustn't，表示“禁止、不准”，语气强烈 例句：You mustn't give away the ending of the story.（禁止剧透） have to 的否定：don't/doesn't/didn't have to，表示“不必” 例句：You don't have to love the book.（没必要喜欢） 注意：mustn't ≠ don't have to（禁止 ≠ 不必） I. 单项选择。 ( ) 1. — Linda, you _____ cross the street when the traffic light is red. — I know, Mum. Don't worry about me. I always follow the traffic rules. A. must B. needn't C. mustn't D. have to ( ) 2. — Must I stay at home all morning, Mum? — No, you ______. You can go out to play after finishing your homework. A. won't B. can't C. mustn't D. don't have to C D ( ) 3. — There are so many beautiful hair clips here! I can't believe my eyes. — Don't be so excited. Look at them carefully and decide _______ to choose. A. which B. where C. when D. why ( ) 4. — The report says the air pollution is really serious, but I don't know _____ to help improve the situation. — You can ride to school instead of driving the car. A. how to ask B. what to do C. when to prepare D. who to find A B We can use a verb + object before a question word with a to-infinitive. 我们可以用"疑问词+ 动词不定式"结构作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词who,what,which及疑问副词when,how,where等。常和"疑问词+动词不定式"结构连用的动词和动词短语有:tell,show,think, learn, know, wonder, decide,remember, forget, understand, see,hear,ask, advise(建议), explain (解释),find out(查明，发现)等。 Fill the blanks with the correct question words. which how many what how when Write five sentences about a book you have read recently, using question words + to-infinitives. Fill the blanks with the correct question words and to-infinitives of the words and phrase. what to read when to hand in how to create who to ask where to meet Ⅱ. 按要求改写下列句子。 1. What should I do with these old magazines? Can you tell me? (合并为一句) Can you tell me _______ _______ _______ with these old magazines? 2. The writer had to work late into the night to write the novel. (改成一般疑问句) 　_______ the writer _______ _______ work late into the night to write the novel? what to do Did have to B Using must and have to must have to 相同点 不同点 意为"必须" 强调重点 时态形式 must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要去做某事 must 没有时态变化 have to 则侧重于客观需要，含有"不得不"或"被迫"之意。 have to 则有一般现在时、一般过去时以及一般将来时等多种时态形式 1. Can you use question words + to- infinitives correctly? 2. Can you use must and have to correctly? You must: 1. Write 3 sentences using question words + to-infinitives. 2. Write 5 sentences using must/have to. 3. Find 5 more sentences with question words + to- infinitives or must/have to from the the text book or the book you’re reading. You are encouraged to: Use what you’ve learnt in this class to talk about your school rules, such as school library rules or class rules. You can make a short video about it. $