内容正文:
Unit 2 Iconic Attraction
一、词汇梳理
1. iconic /aɪˈkɒnɪk/ adj. acting as a sign or symbol of sth符号的;图标的;非常受欢迎的,出名的
iconic attractions 标志性的旅游胜地 iconic feature/characteristics 标志性特征
→ icon /ˈaɪkɒn/n.(电脑或手机屏幕的)图标,(崇拜的)偶像
eg.Beckham has been one of the country's best-loved sporting icons.(翻译)
贝克汉姆一直是这个国家最受欢迎的体育偶像。
2. political /pəˈlɪtɪk(ə)l/ adj.政治的→ politically adv.政治上
eg.(1) a political party/leader 政党/政治领袖 (2) political division 行政区划
→politics /ˈpɒlətɪks/n.政治,政治事务→ politician/ˌpɒləˈtɪʃ(ə)n/ n.政治家,政客
3. equator /ɪˈkweɪtə(r)/ n.赤道 (the equator) an imaginary line around the earth at an equal distance from the North and South Poles.
4. koala /kəʊˈɑ:lə/ n.考拉,树袋熊→the iconic animals in Australia(澳大利亚的标志性动物们):
(1) kangaroo n.袋鼠 (2) Tasmanian devil 塔斯马尼亚恶魔;袋獾 (3) duck-billed platypus鸭嘴兽
5. barbecue (abbr. BBQ) n.户外烧烤,烤架 vt.用烤架烤肉
6. bakery n.面包(糕饼店);面包厂→ bake vt.(在烤炉里)烘烤;焙 → baker n.面包(糕饼)师傅;
eg. Aside from making dinner, she also baked a cake. 除了做正餐,她还烤了个蛋糕。
其他的“烤”:roast , toast
7.butcher /ˈbʊtʃə(r)/ n.肉贩;屠夫;刽子手 vt.屠宰,屠杀
butcher shops/the butcher’s 肉铺/肉店
8. premier /ˈpremiə(r)/ /prɪˈmɪr/ adj.最著名的,第一的;首要的
n.(尤用于新闻报道)总理,首相(= prime minister)
eg.(1)Thailand is a premier holiday destination, attracting tourists from all over the world.
泰国是一个著名的度假胜地,吸引着来自世界各地的游客。
(2)He's one of the nation's premier scientists.他是该国最重要的科学家之一。
9. herb /hɜːb/ n [C]药草;香草;(术语)草本植物→ herbal adj.药草的,香草的
herbs and spices 药草和香料 Chinese herbal medicine 中草药
10. hollow /ˈhɒləʊ/ adj.中空的;空心的; 无价值的,空洞的,虚伪的
[复习] empty adj.空无一人的; vacant adj.未被占用的; blank adj.空白的,没有字迹的
11. vibrate /vaɪ'breit/ vt & vi. (使)振动 → vibration n. 振动
12.horn /hɔːn/ n [C] 喇叭;号角; (动物头上的)角
(1) sound / blow one's horn鸣喇叭;按喇叭 (2) be on the horns of a dilemma进退维谷;左右为难
13. slogan n. 口号,标语 (1)an advertising slogan广告口号 (2)a campaign slogan竞选口号
14.minister /ˈmɪnɪstə(r)/ n. 部长;大臣;外交使节→ ministry /ˈmɪnɪstri/ n. 政府的部
(1)the prime minister 首相/总理
prime /praɪm/ adj. main; most important; basic 主要的;首要的;基本的
翻译:Winter is a cost-effective and less-crowded time to explore China. And Harbin is one of China's prime winter destinations. (3月月考) 冬天是一个划算的、人少的中国旅游季节。哈尔滨是中国冬季旅游的主要目的地之一。
(2) the Minister of Foreign Affairs 外交部长 (3)the Ministry of Education 教育部
15.frog n.蛙/青蛙
翻译:A minority of frogs in the forest are poisonous, and locals extract/ɪkˈstrækt/ the poison to use on the tips of their arrows. 森林里的少数青蛙是有毒的,当地人提取毒药,用在他们的箭尖上。
16. getaway /ˈɡetəweɪ/ n.①a short holiday/vacation; a place that is suitable for a holiday/vacation 短假, 适合度假的地方 eg. Thailand is a great getaway.泰国是一个很好的度假胜地。
② (尤指犯罪后的)逃跑,逃走 make a quick getaway 迅速逃跑
17.kayaking/ˈkaɪækɪŋ/ n.划皮艇 18.golf /ɡɒlf/ n.高尔夫球运动
19.peak season高峰季节-- peak n.顶峰,高峰&v.达到最高峰(值)&adj. 高峰时期的,巅峰状态的
翻译划线短语:(1) Mar11-17: The epidemic peak had passed in China as a whole. 疫情高峰
(2)Highlights include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou’s rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples.(2020新课标III) 中国最神圣的山峰
(3) She is at the peak of her career. 事业的巅峰。
20.domain /də’meɪn/ /dəʊ’mein/ n.领域;领土,范围;(因特网的)域
翻译划线短语: (1) Are you still looking for some kind of job in the political domain? 在政治领域
(2)Visitors can see these amazing creatures in their natural domain. 在他们的自然领域
(3)Can you tell me the domain name of this computer? 【计算机】域名
21.strait /streit/ n.(常用复数)海峡 (1)the Straits of Gibraltar 直布罗陀海峡 (2) Bering Straits 白令海峡
22.sample /'sa:mpl/ n.样本;样品
(1)a blood / water / soil sample血样/水样/土样 (2) free samples of shampoo 洗发水免费试用品
翻译: They tested the men’s fitness and resting metabolic rates(静息代谢率) and took samples of their blood and fat tissue.(2020江苏卷.阅读理解)
他们测试了该男子的健康状况和静息新陈代谢率,提取了其血液和脂肪组织中的样本。
23.monument/ˈmɒnjumənt/ n.纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等); 历史遗迹
(1) a monument to sb./sth ……的纪念碑/丰碑/不朽成果 (2)historic/ancient monument 历史遗址;名胜古迹
翻译:(1)We will visit some of the best preserved Roman monuments in the world.(2020 新课标III)
我们将参观世界上保存最完好的罗马遗迹。
(2) These recordings are a monument to his talent as a pianist.
这些录音是展现他钢琴家才华的不朽之作。
(3) In the square in front of the hotel stands a monument to all the people killed in the war.
在那家宾馆前的广场上矗立着纪念所有战争死难者的纪念碑。
24.kiwi /'ki:wi:/ n.几维(新西兰鸟)
你知道kiwi的其他意思嘛?(参考阅读课文WorkbookP73“The Kiwi”)
①猕猴桃,奇异果;②新西兰人
25.geyser /ˈɡiːzə(r)/ /ˈɡaɪzər/ n.间歇泉a hole in the ground from which hot water and steam come out
26.sulphuric/sʌlˈfjʊərɪk/ pool硫黄池
27.manuka /mə'nu:ka/ honey麦卢卡蜂蜜a type of honey that is believed to be good for your health, made by bees that feed on the flowers of the manuka plant
28.bungee/ˈbʌndʒi/ jumping 蹦极跳 the sport of jumping off a very high bridge or similar structure, with a long elastic(有弹性的) rope tied to your legs, so that the rope pulls you back before you hit the ground.
29.a flock /flɒk/of...一群(羊或鸟) a flock of sheep/goats/geese一群绵羊/山羊/鹅
→ flock v. to move or come together in large numbers聚集;蜂拥
(1)Crowds of people flocked to see the Picasso exhibition.大群人蜂拥去看毕加索画展。
(2) Hundreds of people flocked to the football match.数百人蜂拥前来观看足球比赛。
30.geothermal park 地热公园
→ geothermal /ˌdʒiːəʊˈθɜːml/ of or connected with the heat inside the earth
= geology(地质) + thermal(热的,热量的) 地热的,地温的
geothermal energy/power 地热能 thermos/ˈθɜ:məs/ n.热水瓶
31.pouch /paʊtʃ/ n.(某些雌性动物的)育儿袋;小袋子,荷包
All our shampoo sets are supplied with a free travel pouch.我们的洗发套装都提供一个免费旅行袋。
32.temporary/ˈtemprəri/adj.= tempor(时间)+ary(形容词后缀) 暂时的;短暂的
→ temporarily adv.暂时地/短暂地 (1)temporary employment 临时雇佣
(2) a temporary job 一份临时工作
【高考真题例句】
(1)Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary traffic restrictions. (2020江苏)
1月23日,武汉宣布实施出市临时交通管制。
(2)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break, for which I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records.(2021新高考I卷)
碰巧市中心的工厂在春假期间需要8个孩子来临时帮忙,而我在这期间除了听自己喜欢的唱片之外,没有别的计划。
→反义: permanent /ˈpɜ:mənənt/永久的,长久的,固定的
33.phase /feiz/ n.(事物发展变化的)阶段;(孩童和成人经历的)时期
(1)the initial/final phase of the project工程的初始/最后阶段
(2)The wedding marked the beginning of a new phase in Emma's life. 婚礼标志着埃玛生活新阶段的开始。
34.trunk/trʌŋk/ n.树干;躯干;皮箱;象鼻
35.violent /ˈvaɪələnt/ adj.暴力的;猛烈的 → violently adv. → violence /ˈvaɪələns/ n.暴力;暴行
① violent behavior暴力行为 ② violent winds猛烈的大风
③ domestic violence家庭暴力 ④ crimes / acts / threats of violence暴力犯罪/行为/威胁
Kids shouldn't have access to violent films because they might imitate the things they see.(2018江苏) 孩子们不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们可能会模仿看到的内容。
36.nest /nest/ n.巢穴;鸟窝﹔秘密窝点; 舒适的居所
(1) Cuckoos are famous for laying their eggs in the nests of other birds.
杜鹃以在其他鸟的窝巢里下蛋而闻名。
(2) One day the children grow up and leave/fly the nest.
总有一天孩子们会长大,离开家独立生活。
(3) Most of senior citizens in this area are suffering an empty nest.
这个地区的大多数老年人都在遭受空巢之苦。
37.mammal/ˈmæm(ə)l/ n.哺乳动物 amphibian/æmˈfɪbiən/ n.两栖动物 reptile /ˈreptaɪl/ n.爬行动物
38.biology /baɪˈɒlədʒi/ n.生理;生物学→ biological /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪk(ə)l/ adj.生物的;生物学的
→ biologist /baɪˈɒlədʒɪst/ 生物学家
39.hatch /hætʃ/ vi.孵出;破壳vt.使孵出;策划;(尤指)密谋
(1) hatch eggs 孵蛋
(2) Don 't count your chickens before they 're hatched.不要高兴得太早。
(3) It was too early to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed hatching(延迟孵化). Baby bees were still in the honeycombs (蜂巢). (2023浙江1月完型)
40.a handful of 少数人(或物);一把(的量) → handful n.一把;一撮;少量:
Only a handful of people come. 只有少数几个人来了。
41.fence /fens/ n.栅栏;围栏; &vt.把……用栅/篱围住;(筑栅)防护;隔开:
(1) wire fence铁丝网;铁丝栅栏
(2) 房子周围有一道高高的木栅栏。
The house was surrounded by a tall, wooden fence.
(3) 一篱间隔,友谊长青。Good fences make good neighbours.
(4) She would need to fence in the field if she wants to keep a horse there.
如果她打算在那儿养一匹马,就必须把那块地用栅栏围起来。
→ fencing 击剑运动
42.grand /ɡrænd/ adj.重大的,主要的(important)宏伟的,壮丽的 ( impressive)极好的,出色的(excellent)
(1)the grand prize大奖 (2)the Grand Old Man of British theatre英国戏剧泰斗
(3) a grand view of sunrise 日出的壮丽景色
(4)The Palace of Versailles(凡尔赛宫) is very grand.凡尔赛宫非常宏伟。
(5) the Grand Canyon大峡谷 the Grand Bazaar 大巴扎集市
Tianjin Grand Theatre天津大剧院
(6) We had grand weather on our holiday.我们去度假时天气好极了。
二、重难点
1. foundation n.①基础,基本原则; ②创建,创办(= establishment); ③基金会; ④地基,房基
→ found vt.创办,建立→ founder n.创办者,创建者;发起人
【搭配】
(1) the foundation of... ……的基础/基本原则
(2) lay the foundation for... 为……奠定基础
(3) The foundation of the first university第一所大学的创办
(4) Children s Foundation of China 中国少年儿童基金会
(5) shake/rock sth to its foundations 从根本上动摇(某一组织或信仰)
【翻译】(1)The ceremony aimed to mark the 10th anniversary of the foundation of the hospital.
这个仪式是为了纪念这家医院建院10周年。
(2)Peace is the foundation of happiness, for where there is anxiety, tension and confusion, joy cannot exist.和平是幸福的基础,因为哪里有焦虑,紧张和困惑,哪里就不会有快乐。
(3)These allegations(指控) are completely without foundation. 这些指控完全没有根据。
2. located adj. 坐落于/位于......
→ locate vt. 找出……的位置/使……坐落于…… → location n.地方,地点,定位
【搭配】 be located in/on/at/to... 坐落于/位于…… = be seated in... = lie in...
【运用】
(1)中国位于赤道以北,太平洋西岸。
China is located to the north of the equator, and it is also located on the west of the Pacific Ocean.
<注意> 非谓语的考查
(2) Locating (locate) itself in the south of China, Guangzhou features a long and hot summer.
(3) Qingdao is an attractive city located (locate) on the eastern coast of China.
<高考真题例句翻译>
(1)The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.【2020·新课标卷Ⅰ·阅读理解】失物招领处位于罗马街站,于周一至周五的早上7:00到下午5:00开放。
(2)If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back.【2017·全国卷Ⅰ】
如果我能找到那个鸟窝,我就可以把它放回去了。
3. joint n.①公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)②关节,接缝,结合处
adj.联合的,共同的 → join v. 连接,加入,成为……的一员
【搭配】(1)a fast-food joint 快餐店 (2) ankle/knee joints 踝/膝关节
(3)with joint efforts 在共同的努力下 (4) join A to B 把A和B连接起来
【翻译】(1) Only with joint efforts can we build a low-carbon society.
只有在共同的努力下我们才能建立低碳社会。(only+状语 前置倒装)
(2)The new high-speed railway joins Jinan to Zhengzhou.
新建的高铁把济南和郑州连接了起来。
4.straightforward adj.①坦率的(outspoken/frank)②易懂的,简单的(easy/ accessible)
【翻译】(1) It's a very complex/complicated issue to which there is no straightforward answer.
这是一个非常复杂的问题,没有简单直接的答案。
(2)Many sports fans appreciated her straightforward character and attitude towards competition. 许多体育迷都欣赏她直率的性格和对比赛的态度。
(3)In space, even the most straightforward, everyday tasks can be quite difficult for astronauts. 在太空中、即使是最简单的日常任务,对宇航员来说也是相当困难的。
5.entitle en-(in) + title(标题) vt. ①给……命名(或题名)to give a title to a book, film, etc.;
②使……享有权利;使……符合资格to give someone the right to do or have something
【搭配】entitle sth 给...命名; entitle sb. to sth / to do sth 使某人有权利或有资格(获得)…/做…
【翻译】(1)这首诗被命名为“春天”。The poem is entitled “Spring”.
(2)我们都有权受到法律的同等保护。We are all entitled to equal protection under the law.
(3) Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to special funds from the government to help protect their cultural heritage.中国的少数民族通常有权获得政府的专项资金,以帮助保护他们的文化遗产。
注意非谓语的考查:Her latest novel, entitled (entitle) "The Forgotten City", is launched this week.
6.dive /daɪv/ vi.&n.(dived/dove, dived) 潜水;跳水;俯冲;扑;全身心投入:
【运用】翻译句子:
(1) Larry dived from boats into the ocean. 拉里从船上跳入海里。
(2) lt started to rain so we dived into the nearest cafe.天下起雨,我们立即钻进最近的一家咖啡馆。
(3) She dived into her bag and took out some money. 她伸手进包里拿了些钱。
(4) The goalkeeper dived for the ball, but missed it.守门员向球扑去,但没有扑到。
(5) l know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown.
我知道自己足够聪明去潜心研究一个完全未知的领域。
(6) The athlete shows the best dive of the competition. 这位运动员展示了比赛中最精彩的一跳。
(7) The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go diving(dive).
7.“自由” freedom VS liberty /ˈlɪbəti/ 区别是什么?
Paraphrase(英英释义)
Register(使用场域)
Example
freedom
①the right to do or say what you want without anyone stopping you
(权利)的自由
②the state of being able to do what you want, without anything stopping you (状态)的自由
更多的是一个内部概念,是与生俱来依附于我们本身独立思考的能力,以及对自己想法和行动的自主权。
(1) freedom of speech言论自由
(2) have the freedom of.../to do...有(做)……的自由
→ free adj.
(3) (be) free from/of 不受……的影响/无……的
liberty
freedom to live as you choose without too many restrictions from government or authority
自由(自己选择生活方式而不受政府及权威限制)
更多的是一个外部概念;意味着不受限制。这种不受限制是不受权威机构的限制,一般多用于政治领域里。
(1) political liberty 政治自由
(2) Statue of Liberty 自由女神像
(3) civil liberty 公民自由
(4) (be) at liberty to do... 有权做……;有……的自由
【翻译】(1)我们有就政治问题发表自己的观点的自由。
We have the freedom to voice our own opinions on political issues.
(2) 数百名政治犯(political prisoners)将获得自由。
Hundreds of political prisoners are to be given their liberty (= released from prison).
8.distribution/ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn/n.分布;分配;分发→ distribute /dɪˈstrɪbju: t/ vt.
dis-(分开)+tribut (给,分配) 分开给-- 分配/分发
con-(一起)+tribute(给,分配) --contribute --贡献,捐款,投稿
【搭配】(1)the distribution of wealth 财富分配 (2) population distribution人口分布
(3)the distribution of aid supplies救济物资的分发 (4)marketing,sales and distribution营销、销售和经销
(5) distribute A to B把A分发/配给B (6) distribute among... 在……中分发
【翻译】
(1) 袋鼠在澳大利亚广泛分布。
Kangaroo has a wide distribution throughout Australia.=Kangaroo is widely distributed in Australia.
(2) 衣服和毯子已分发给地震灾民(victim)。
Clothes and blankets have been distributed among / to the earthquake victims.
9.licensed /ˈlaɪsnst/ adj.得到正式许可的→license/ˈlaɪs(ə)ns/ vt.批准;许可n.( =英式 licence )许可证;执照
【搭配】(1) licensed zoos获得正式许可的动物园
(2)driver’s/driving license 驾照 (3) business license 营业执照
(4) under license 经过授权/经过许可
(5) license sb./sth to do... 批准/许可某人或某物做……
【翻译】
(1) The new drug has not yet been licensed in Australia.
这种新药尚未在澳大利亚获得许可。
(2) He was given licence to reform the organization.
他获准对该组织实行改革。
(3) 他们已经批准了那家公司生产这种药物。
They had/have licensed the firm to produce the drug.
10.session /ˈseʃ(ə)n/ n.
(1)a period of time that is spent doing a particular activity一场;一段时间;
① a question-and-answer session 问答时间
② The runner twisted his ankle in a training session last Friday.
这位赛跑运动员上周五在训练时扭伤了脚踝。
(2)a formal meeting or series of meetings of a court, a parliament, etc.; a period of time when such meetings are held (法庭的)开庭,开庭期;(议会等的)会议,会期; 一届会议
①a session of the UN General Assembly一届联合国大会
②The court is now in session. 法庭现在正在开庭。
③我们一直说的“两会”,就可以译为two sessions,
即:全国人民代表大会the National People's Congress(NPC)
和 中国人民政治协商会议the Chinese People's Political Consultative/kənˈsʌltətɪv/ Conference (CPPCC)
(3)a school or university year 学年
He gained his Master’s Degree during the summer session. 他在夏季开学时获得了硕士学位。
11.frequency/ˈfriːkwənsi/ n.发生率;重复率;(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequent adj.频繁的;
【搭配】at/with a high/low frequency以高/低频率
【运用】
(1)His speech was so wonderful that it was frequently(frequent) interrupted by stormy applause.
(2)据估计他们以高频率彼此约会。
It is calculated that they make appointments with each other at/with a high frequency.
(3)如果你在生活中经常经历巨大的压力,这并不奇怪。
It is not unusual if you experience great stress in your life on a frequent basis/frequently.
【形近词】fluency/ˈflu:ənsi/ n. (尤指外语)流利,流畅
12.capacity /kəˈpæsəti/ n.能力;容量; 产能cap (to hold)+-acity (quality of有…的能力)
【搭配】 the capacity for (doing) sth. /to do sth. 做……事情的能力
a seating capacity of ... ……(大)的容量
【运用】
(1) She has an enormous capacity for hard work. 她特别能吃苦耐劳。
(2) 他缺乏倾听的能力。He lacked the capacity to listen.
(3) The stadium has a (seating) capacity of 50,000.这个体育场能容纳5万人。
(4) At full capacity, China 's factories are only able to produce around 20 million masks a
day. 在满负荷生产的情况下,中国工厂每天只能生产约2000万个口罩。
13.prison /'prizn/ n.监狱;监禁→ prisoner /ˈprɪz(ə)nə(r) 囚犯;犯人;俘虏
【近义词】jail
【搭配】(1) escape from / go to / get out of prison 越狱/入狱/出狱
(2) put sb in / send sb to/ throw sb into prison把某人关/送进监狱
(3) take sb prisoner俘虏某人
【运用】
(1) Mandela fought for black people and was in prison for almost thirty years.
曼德拉为黑人而斗争并坐了将近三十年的牢。
(2) Local police are now entitled to give longer prison sentences to hunters.
当地警方现在有权对猎人判处更长的刑期。
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