Unit 1 Places in city 语法易错+巩固练习（导学案）新四年级英语暑假自学课（人教大同版三起·新教材）

四年级上册暑假自学课（人教大同三起） Unit 1 Places in city 语法易错+巩固练习 语法易错点 01 · 语法点拨 （1）本单元核心城市场所名词 bank 银行，cake shop 蛋糕店，cinema 电影院，fire station 消防站，hospital 医院，police station 警察局，restaurant 餐馆，supermarket 超市。 2. 用法说明：以上均为可数名词短语，单独使用时前面可加冠词 a；句型中可直接用于问答。 3. 例句： Is there a hospital near here? 这附近有一家医院吗？ There is a supermarket behind the bank. 银行后面有一家超市。 [拓展]其他词汇：post office邮局，market市场，toy shop玩具店，clothes shop服装店，school学校，museum博物馆，park公园，zoo动物园 知识演练01 选择合适的单词补全句子，将序号写在题前括号内。 A. bank B. cinema C. hospital D. police station E. cake shop F. restaurant G. fire station H. supermarket 1. I want to buy some bread in the __________. 2. If you are ill, you need to go to the __________. 3. We can watch movies in the __________. 4. My father works in a __________. He helps people keep safe. 5. I'd like to eat lunch in the __________. 6. People keep money in the __________. 7. We can buy many things in the big __________. 8. The firemen work in the __________. 语法易错点 02 · 语法点拨 （2）Is there...? 一般疑问句 1. 句型结构： 问句：Is there + a + 单数地点名词 + 方位短语? （这儿有……吗？） 肯定回答：Yes, there is. （是的，有。） 否定回答：No, there is not. / No, there isn't. （不，没有。） 2. 易错点： ① 问句开头必须用 Is，不能用 Are； ② 答语要和问句保持一致，不能混用 Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. 3. 例句： — Is there a cake shop near here? 这附近有蛋糕店吗？ — Yes, there is. 是的，有。 [拓展]：当句子时态是过去式的时候，be动词变成was或者were。回答即变成：Yes, there was/were. No, there wasn’t/weren’t. 知识演练02 一、选择最佳答案，将序号填入题前括号内。 ( ) 1. — Is there a cinema near your home? — _______ A. Yes, it is. B. Yes, there is. C. No, it isn't. ( ) 2. _______ there a hospital beside the park? A. Is B. Are C. Do ( ) 3. — Is there a police station here? — _______. There isn't any police station. A. Yes, there is B. No, there isn't C. OK ( ) 4. There _______ a cake shop near my school. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 5. — _______ Is there a restaurant? — Yes, there is. A. Sorry. B. Excuse me. C. Thank you. ( ) 6. Is _______ a fire station behind the building? A. it B. that C. there ( ) 7. — Is there a supermarket? — No, _______. A. there not B. there isn't C. it isn't ( ) 8. There _______ not a bank on this street. A. is B. are C. have ( ) 9. — Is there a cinema next to the shop? — Yes, _______. A. there is B. it is C. there are ( ) 10. I know _______ is a big hospital in this city. A. there B. it C. he 语法易错点 03 · 语法点拨 （3） 方位介词：near / in front of / behind 1. 三大方位介词含义及用法： - near：在……附近 - in front of：在……（外部）前面 - behind：在……后面 2. 问答句型： 问句：Where is + 地点名词? （……在哪里？） 答句：It's + 方位介词 + 另一地点. （它在……旁边/前面/后面。） 3. 例句： — Where is the bank? 银行在哪里？ — It's behind the supermarket. 它在超市后面。 知识演练03 一、连词成句：按照正确语序排列单词，写出完整句子，注意标点和大小写。 1. is, where, shop, cake, the (?) 2. it, near, hospital, the, is (.) 3. police station, behind, the, cinema, is, the (.) 4. in front of, bank, the, supermarket, the, is (.) 5. is, where, fire station, the (?) 6. restaurant, the, near, is, park, the (.) 7. the, hospital, in front of, is, it (.) 重难点特训 一、选择合适的单词填空。 选用方框内单词/短语填空，每词限用一次。 behind near in front of Is there a the is 1. The cinema is __________ the park. It's not far. 2. The hospital is __________ the supermarket. (在……后面) 3. Look! The police station is __________ the bank. (在……前面) 4. __________ there a cake shop near your home? 5. Where is __________ fire station? 6. There __________ a big restaurant on this road. 7. Is there __________ hospital beside the school? 8. There is a supermarket __________. 二、单项选择。 ( ) 1. — Is there a bank over there? — Yes, __________. A. it is B. there is C. there are ( ) 2. — Where is the fire station? — It's __________ the cinema. A. front B. in front of C. behind of ( ) 3. There __________ not a police station in this street. A. is B. are C. am ( ) 4. — __________? — It's near the hospital. A. Where is the cake shop B. What is the cake shop C. Is there a cake shop ( ) 5. — Is there a big supermarket here? — No, __________. A. there isn't B. it isn't C. there not ( ) 6. My home is __________ the school. I walk to school every day. A. behind B. near C. in front ( ) 7. __________ there any restaurants near the park? A. Is B. Are C. Do ( ) 8. The shop is small, __________ it is clean. A. and B. but C. or ( ) 9. — Excuse me, is there a hospital? — __________ A. Thank you B. Yes, there is C. You're welcome ( ) 10. The cinema is behind the __________. A. bank B. banks C. two bank 三、情景选择。 根据所给情景，选择正确答案。 ( ) 1. 你想问附近有没有电影院，你可以说：__________ A. Where is the cinema? B. Is there a cinema near here? ( ) 2. 别人问你蛋糕店在哪里，你想回答“它在银行前面”，说：__________ A. It's in front of the bank. B. It's behind the bank. ( ) 3. 当别人向你道谢时，你应回答：__________ A. Thank you. B. You're welcome. ( ) 4. 问路前，为了礼貌，你先说：__________ A. Excuse me. B. Sorry. ( ) 5. 你想表达“消防站在公园后面”，说：__________ A. The fire station is behind the park. B. The fire station is near the park. ( ) 6. 对方问这里有没有超市，你作否定回答：__________ A. Yes, there is. B. No, there isn't. ( ) 7. 你想知道医院的位置，问道：__________ A. Where is the hospital? B. Is there a hospital? ( ) 8. 你想说“我家附近有一家餐馆”，说：__________ A. There is a restaurant near my home. B. A restaurant is my home. 四、给句子选择正确的应答语。 将左右两栏匹配，把序号写在括号内。 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A ( ) 1. Is there a supermarket near here? ( ) 2. Where is the police station? ( ) 3. Is there a hospital behind the shop? ( ) 4. Thank you very much. ( ) 5. Where is the cake shop? ( ) 6. Is there a bank near here? ( ) 7. Where is the restaurant? ( ) 8. Excuse me. B A. It's near the cinema. B. Yes, there is. C. No, there isn't. D. You're welcome. E. It's behind the hospital. F. It's in front of the park. G. Yes? H. Yes, there is. It's big. 五、根据句意及首字母/中文提示写单词。 1. There is a big b__________ (银行) on Green Street. 2. We can see a film in the c__________ (电影院). 3. My mother goes to the h__________ (医院) to work every day. 4. Let's have lunch in the r__________ (餐馆). 5. The f__________ station (消防站) is next to the park. 6. I buy fruit in the s__________ (超市). 7. The police work in the p__________ station (警察局). 8. I like the food in the c__________ shop (蛋糕店). 六、连词成句。 注意大小写、语序和标点符号。 1. there, is, a, park, here, near (?) 2. is, where, supermarket, the (?) 3. behind, hospital, the, cinema, the, is (.) 4. in front of, police station, the, bank, the, is (.) 5. a, there, restaurant, is, my, near, home (.) 6. is, it, near, school, the (.) 七、阅读理解，判断正(T)误(F)。 Hello, I'm Amy. This is my neighbourhood. Look! There is a big supermarket near my house. Behind the supermarket is a hospital. There is a nice cake shop in front of the hospital. Next to the cake shop, there is a cinema. A police station is near the cinema. There is no fire station here. I like living here very much. ( ) 1. There is a supermarket near Amy's house. ( ) 2. The hospital is behind the supermarket. ( ) 3. The cake shop is behind the hospital. ( ) 4. The cinema is next to the cake shop. ( ) 5. The police station is near the cinema. ( ) 6. There is a fire station in the neighbourhood. ( ) 7. Amy likes her neighbourhood. 八、选词补全短文。 behind near is places hospital supermarket cinema This is our city. There are many nice _______. There _______ a big _______. We can buy many things there. A _______ is _______ the supermarket. If you are ill, you can go there. A _______ is _______ the hospital. We can watch films in it. 参考答案 知识演练01 1.  H 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. F 6. A 7. H 8. G 【解析】 1.  supermarket 超市可以购买面包； 2. 生病需要去 hospital 医院； 3. 看电影的场所是 cinema 电影院； 4. police station 警察局的工作人员维护治安、保护人们安全； 5. 吃午饭可以去 restaurant 餐馆； 6. 人们在 bank 银行存取钱款； 7. 大型超市可以选购各类生活用品； 8. 消防员的工作地点是 fire station 消防站。 知识演练02 一、1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A 【解析】 1. 问句为 Is there... 句型，答语固定用 Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.，故选B。 2. 主语 a hospital 是单数，there be 句型中be动词用 Is，选A。 3. 后半句说明此地没有警察局，因此用否定回答 No, there isn't，选B。 4. a cake shop 为单数名词，be动词用 is，选A。 5. 向陌生人问路前，常用礼貌用语 Excuse me. 打扰一下，选B。 6. 固定搭配 Is there...? 表示“某地存在某物”，选C。 7. Is there 句型的否定回答为 No, there isn't，选B。 8. a bank 是单数，there be 否定形式用 is not，选A。 9. Is there 句型肯定回答用 Yes, there is，选A。 10. there is 表示“存在有”，句意为：我知道这座城市里有一家大型医院，选A。 知识演练03 1. Where is the cake shop? 2. It is near the hospital. 3. The police station is behind the cinema. 4. The supermarket is in front of the bank. 5. Where is the fire station? 6. The restaurant is near the park. 7. It is in front of the hospital. 【解析】 1. 句末为问号，确定是特殊疑问句，Where 引导地点提问，结构：Where + be + 主语。 2. 陈述句，结构：主语 + be + 方位介词短语。 3–7 均考查方位介词用法，陈述句遵循“主语 + be + 方位词 + 宾语”语序；句首单词首字母大写，句末按句式加标点。 重难点特训参考答案 一、1. near 2. behind 3. in front of 4. Is 5. the 6. is 7. a 8. there 【解析】 1. not far 不远，对应 near 在……附近； 2. 固定短语 behind 表示“在……后面”； 3. in front of 为固定搭配，意为“在……前面”； 4. there be 一般疑问句，单数名词搭配 Is； 5. 特指双方都知道的消防站，用定冠词 the； 6. a big restaurant 为单数，be动词用 is； 7. 泛指一家医院，用不定冠词 a； 8. there 在此处作地点状语。 二、1.B 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A 【解析】 1. Is there 句型答语统一用 there，选B； 2. in front of / behind 是正确方位搭配，无 behind of 用法，选B； 3. a police station 为单数，be动词用 is，选A； 4. 答语回答地点，问句用 Where 提问，选A； 5. Is there 否定回答用 there isn't，选A； 6. 步行上学说明家离学校近，near 附近，选B； 7. restaurants 是复数名词，be动词用 Are，选B； 8. 前后句为转折关系：小店但是很干净，用 but，选B； 9. 问句为一般疑问句，用肯定答语回应，选B； 10. the 后接单数名词，选A。 三、1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.A 【解析】 1. 询问“有没有某物”用 Is there...?，选B； 2. in front of 表示“在……前面”，选A； 3. 回应感谢用 You're welcome. 不客气，选B； 4. 问路礼貌用语 Excuse me，选A； 5. behind 表示“在……后面”，选A； 6. 一般疑问句否定回答选B； 7. 询问地点用 Where 引导问句，选A； 8. 表达“某地有某物”用 There be 句型，选A。 四、1.B/H 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.E 6.H/B 7.F 8.G 【解析】 1/3/6 为 Is there 一般疑问句，分别选用肯定/否定答语； 2/5/7 为 Where 引导的地点提问，用方位语句作答； 4 回应感谢，用 You're welcome； 8. Excuse me. 打扰一下，对方常用 Yes? 回应。 五．1. bank 2. cinema 3. hospital 4. restaurant 5. fire 6. supermarket 7. police 8. cake 六、1. Is there a park near here? 2. Where is the supermarket? 3. The cinema is behind the hospital. 4. The bank is in front of the police station. 5. There is a restaurant near my home. 6. It is near the school. 七、1.T 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.F 7.T 【解析】 1. 原文 There is a big supermarket near my house. → 正确； 2. 原文 Behind the supermarket is a hospital. → 正确； 3. 原文蛋糕店在医院前面，不是后面 → 错误； 4. 原文 Next to the cake shop, there is a cinema. → 正确； 5. 原文 A police station is near the cinema. → 正确； 6. 原文 There is no fire station here. 没有消防站 → 错误； 7. 原文 I like living here very much. → 正确。 八、places; is; supermarket; hospital; near; cinema; behind（后两个方位词可互换） 完整短文： This is our city. There are many nice places. There is a big supermarket. We can buy many things there. A hospital is near the supermarket. If you are ill, you can go there. A cinema is behind the hospital. We can watch films in it. 解析：1. many 后接可数名词复数 places（地点）； 2. there be 句型，后文为单数名词，用 is； 3–7 结合生活常识、词汇含义与方位介词逻辑填空，考查词汇与句型综合运用。 $