精品解析：辽宁盘锦市油田八校2025-2026学年第二学期毕业班学情诊断练习英语试题

2025-2026学年度第二学期毕业班学情诊断练习 英语试卷 （本试卷共23道题 满分120分） 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Why don’t penguins freeze? Most penguins live in and around Antarctica. This means they must survive in very cold conditions. Penguins have special ways to stay warm when the temperature drops suddenly. Penguins produce oil from a gland (腺体) near their tail. They spread this oil over their feathers. It gives the feathers a waxy (蜡质的) coating, which keeps them dry. We can do a simple experiment to show how wax helps keep water out. You’ll need: ◆Paper ◆Marker pens ◆Coloring pencils ◆Wax crayons (蜡笔) ◆Water ◆Four penguin templates (模板) Instructions: ●Color one penguin from the template with a wax crayon. Go over each area several times to make a thick layer (层). ●Leave the second penguin untreated. This will be the control (对照物). ●Color the last two penguins with marker pens and coloring pencils separately. ●Carefully drop five drops of water onto each penguin. Watch how the water behaves. 1. According to the text, thanks to their _________, penguins don’t freeze in cold conditions. A. special temperature B. thick skin C. waxy layer on feathers D. tail glands 2. In the experiment, _________ act(s) like the penguin’s oily coating. A. wax crayons B. marker pens C. paper D. coloring pencils 3. In the experiment, what is the role of the second penguin template? A. To act as a control. B. To make a thick layer. C. To go with marker pens. D. To watch how water drops. 4. In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this text? A. Story. B. Ad. C. Science. D. Art. B Lucy, an exchange student from America, is planning a trip to Beijing. She’s trying to decide between taking the high-speed train or flying, so she talks to Fiona, who has been there before. (L-Lucy, F-Fiona) L: If you had time and money to go from Shanghai to Beijing, would you take the high-speed train or fly? What are the advantages of each? F: Well, the high-speed train is pretty comfortable, and you only need to arrive at the station about thirty minutes early. That is really convenient. Seriously, you can’t imagine how modern and convenient the trains are in China! L: I see. But doesn’t it take a long time? F: Yes, a train ride usually takes longer than a flight. But the seats on a train are spacious, and you can walk around whenever you want. It feels a lot more relaxing. L: That makes sense. What about flying? F: Flying is faster, but you have to arrive much earlier for security checks (安检). Also, you can’t bring drinks through security, so you end up buying overpriced ones inside. L: Yes, that sounds terrible. F: And sometimes, the price of a train ticket isn’t much different from that of a plane ticket. So, if you want a calm and comfortable trip, you’d probably still choose the train. L: Got it. And what about getting around the city? F: In big cities like Beijing, the underground covers almost anywhere. It’s cheap, fast and friendly to the environment. L: Good point. What about buses? F: If the underground does not reach the place you want to go, buses do. And they’re cheaper. You’ll be amazed at how convenient and modern China’s public transport is. 5. According to Fiona, what are the advantages of taking the high-speed train? A. Faster and cheaper. B. Green and fast. C. Spacious and overpriced. D. Comfortable and convenient. 6. What disadvantage of flying is mentioned? A. It is often more expensive. B. Seats are not spacious. C. People must arrive very early. D. It’s not environmentally-friendly. 7. What does Fiona think of the underground in big cities like Beijing? A. Slow. B. Great. C. Crowded. D. Expensive. 8. How does Fiona show the good points of transport in China to Lucy? A. By comparing different ways of traveling. B. By saying what other people think about it. C. By telling what happens to her during a trip. D. By giving lots of numbers and facts of speed. C In my life, dance came alive through Guozhuang Dance (锅庄舞). I first saw it on TV at the age of 25, but it was not until two years later that I truly fell in love with this interesting art. It touched me so deeply that I decided to leave my career and go to National University of the Arts to study body expression. My journey challenged the idea of being “too old for this”. Going at a slow speed, I started from the feet. Step by step, I learned to move my spine (脊柱) and head as I danced. Guozhuang Dance sparked my interest in dance and research. It led me to begin playing the traditional Chinese musical instrument and taking photos, filling my days with creative activities. At the age of 35, I began teaching classes. I shared my knowledge through a workshop centered on body expression. Back then, dance was mainly about watching and copying others, but I wanted to dig deeper into the heart of the dance. My time at UNA introduced me to new experiences and people. It shaped my understanding of body expression and led me to form a meaningful connection with my teachers, Guozhuang Dance is often performed in open areas, like circling a burning fire, where everyone is welcome to join in. With this idea in mind, I started a project called“Brave Performance” when I was 47. It mixes dance, music and improvisation (即兴表演) in a modern way. Though from the past, it remains exciting today. It teaches us to feel, value our culture, pass on traditions creatively, and begin learning at any age. 9. At what age did the writer begin to love Guozhuang Dance? A. 25. B. 27. C. 35. D. 47. 10. How did the writer begin learning the dance movements? A. By moving her head first. B. By watching and copying others. C. By starting slowly from the feet. D. By joining performances in open areas. 11. What does the underlined word “sparked” mean? A. Started. B. Lost. C. Showed. D. Reduced. 12. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Starting a Dance Workshop. B. Dancing Her Way to a New Life. C. Learning Dance at a Young Age. D. Guozhuang Dance: A Traditional Art. D Dear Diary, Can you guess where I am? I’m in China’s Tiangong Space Station! I’m not alone, though. I share my tiny “apartment” with three other mice. Six Chinese astronauts take turns caring for us. Last night, we excitedly boarded the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft. The trip took just a little over three hours, and it was surprisingly smooth. As far as I know, humans are pretty much old hands here. However, for us mice, it’s a whole new world! Getting here wasn’t easy. None of us were born “space mice”. We were chosen from 300 mice after more than 60 days of hard training. I’ll never forget how challenging those tests were. Let me tell you about two of them. First, we were placed on a spinning rod (旋转杆). As it sped up, I had to hold on tight (紧紧地) with my front paws (爪) while keeping my back legs moving properly to avoid falling off. My paws were on fire, but I held on for 115 seconds and stood out from the crowd! But that was far from the end of all the spinning. The top mice from Round One were separately placed in a tiny “room” and spun (旋转) rapidly in every possible direction — first for 30 seconds, then one minute, and finally two minutes. Every time I stepped out, everything seemed to be spinning around me. But I had to walk on a balance beam (平衡木) right away. Luckily, I always made it across without falling. Not bad for a little mouse, right? Now that I’m in Tiangong, I plan to make every minute count. We’ll stay here for only about a week. After that, we’ll fly back to Earth. Scientists will then study how our bodies may have changed. This, as they say, will help them better understand the influences of the space environment on living things. 13. How many mice live in an “apartment” in Tiangong? A. 3. B. 4. C. 6. D. 300. 14. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. The astronauts are old hands. B. The trip is longer than the mice expected. C. The astronauts look after the mice all together. D. It’s the first time for the mice to be in Tiangong. 15. What’s the correct order of the following events? a. Be spun quickly in a tiny “room”. b. Avoid falling off a spinning rod. c. Go across the beam without falling. d. Step out and walk on a balance beam at once. A. abcd B. badc C. dbac D. cdba 16. Why does the writer write this text in the form of a mouse’s diary? A. To record the daily tasks of astronauts honestly. B. To explain the effects of space environments carefully. C. To argue that mice are better suited for space seriously. D. To describe the exploration in a lively and personal way. 第二节 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Did you know that dunes (沙丘) can move? Sounds like something from a movie about science. ____17____ A new study made by researchers from Nanjing University found that the dunes in western China’s deserts are moving more slowly now. ____18____ They change shape and move depending on how the wind blows. The researchers studied dunes in western China’s deserts. ____19____ Satellites (卫星) took these pictures from the sky. The team found out that the movement speed of dunes has slowed down by 30 percent. In the area with the fastest slowdown, the speed of dune movement has dropped from about 9 meters each year to 4.5 meters each year. The main reason is that the wind is not as strong, so it carries less sand, noted China Science Daily. ____20____ It means wind near the ground is slowing down worldwide. As the slower wind takes away less sand, dust storms (沙尘暴) happen less often. This helps plants grow back in dry areas. However, slower near-ground wind can also make wind power work less well. It might also make it harder for pollution to go away, said researchers from Nanjing University. A. However, this happens in real life. B. They compared pictures from 1986 to 2021. C. They wanted to understand why this change happened. D. This finding supports the idea of “worldwide wind stilling”. E. The study says dunes form in places with much sand and little water. 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One evening, I went to the supermarket to buy some groceries (食品杂货). As I entered through the glass doors, I immediately ____21____ that something unusual was happening near the cash register (收银台). My curiosity led me to take a closer ____22____. There, I saw a cashier taking some things out of a customer’s shopping bag. The customer was an elderly woman who looked very sad and ____23____. It turned out that the cashier was taking some things out to cut down the total ____24____. This touched my heart, and I felt a strong urge (冲动) to help. I quickly walked over to the cash register. Without saying a word, I pointed to the things the cashier was about to ____25____. Then I pointed to my own shopping bag to show that I would ____26____ for them. The cashier nodded and put the things back into the elderly woman’s bag. The cashier then tried to help the woman with her ____27____ again, but it still didn’t work. Seeing the total price on the screen, I quietly took out some cash from my wallet and handed it to the cashier. I just wanted to help, so I ____28____ walked away after paying. The elderly woman was so worried about her card that she didn’t ____29____ me. When the cashier told her that she didn’t have to pay anything, she looked confused (困惑的). As I left the supermarket, I felt a warm sense of pride. I hoped that my small act of ____30____ brought some comfort and happiness to the elderly woman, reminding her that there are still people who care. 21. A. remembered B. found C. missed D. advised 22. A. look B. study C. check D. survey 23. A. happy B. excited C. worried D. cared 24. A. weight B. cost C. number D. height 25. A. leave behind B. give up C. break down D. put away 26. A. leave B. search C. work D. pay 27. A. card B. food C. wallet D. phone 28. A. happily B. hopelessly C. suddenly D. quickly 29. A. recognize B. hear C. notice D. listen 30. A. confidence B. pride C. kindness D. bravery 第二部分非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 I’m not a fan of patchwork quilts (拼布被子). ____31____ (surprising), however, there is a small patchwork quilt in my home. In the beginning, this quilt belonged to my mother. She once joined a weekly book club with some ____32____ (woman) from the neighborhood. In fact, it was more of an excuse to get together and drink coffee. One of the ladies named Emily ____33____ (make) my mother a small quilt. For years, this quilt sat folded (折叠) and it ____34____ (place) in my mom’s living room. It went with her when she moved to a small room at an assisted living facility (辅助生活机构). I never saw my mother use it throughout all those years. During one of my ____35____ (visit), I asked her why she kept it. She said it was a gift from Emily. Because she was not so close to Emily and did not even like the quilt’s design, I became more confused (困惑的) ____36____ then asked again. Her answer remained ____37____ same: “Because it was from Emily.” After thinking this over for several days, I realized that the quilt’s value didn’t lie in its appearance but in its maker. It was much ____38____ (special) than other quilts because it reminded my mom of being a good neighbor and caring about each other. I inherited (继承) the quilt more than ten years ago and it has remained folded on a shelf ever since. My plan is to one day gift it to my daughter, and I hope she will keep it. Patchwork quilts carry stories that we share about ____39____ (we) experiences. They turn everyday things ____40____ something special. 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41—43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读下面的材料，根据内容回答问题。 The World for Teenagers ♥♥♥ Question in September: What do you often do in your spare time? Linda from Britain I often use old clothes that people don’t wear any more to make bags. I set up a website (网站) to sell the bags online. Many customers think they are fantastic and choose one from time to time. Now I plan to invent a new way to use old clothes. Linlin from China I often visit museums. Museums have taught me a lot. I have been to many museums, such as the museums in Harbin and Xi’an. But I love China National Tea Museum best. It’s a museum in Hangzhou. In this museum, I learned about the history of tea. I watched the tea art performances and learned how to make a perfect cup of tea with tea sets. Amy from Canada I often cook Chinese food at home. My favorite is Yunnan Rice Noodles. To make the food, I need to have rice noodles, chicken soup, chicken, vegetables and eggs. My parents often cook Chinese food as well, especially Kung Pao Chicken. But my brother Tom doesn’t like Chinese food. 41. What does Linda do with old clothes? __________________________________________________________________________________ 42. What is Linlin’s favorite museum? __________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Who likes cooking Chinese food among the three teenagers? __________________________________________________________________________________ 44. What do you like to do in your free time? Why? Write 30 words or more. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 假如你是李辉，你的学校在课后服务活动中，根据学生的需求开设了丰富的课程，比如运动，阅读，国学以及各项DIY劳动技能等，请你向笔友Tim介绍一下你选修的一项或两项课程，并谈谈你的收获。内容要点如下： 1. 你选修的课程与原因；2. 你在课程中的参与了哪些活动；3. 你的收获与感想。 注意： 1. 词数80-100，开头与结尾已写好，不计入总词数； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文章中不得出现真实姓名以及学校名称。 Dear Tim, How is everything going? I have been a bit busy these days. My school has organized many different/kinds of after-class courses recently. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第二学期毕业班学情诊断练习 英语试卷 （本试卷共23道题 满分120分） 第一部分 选择题（共50分） 一、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节 阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Why don’t penguins freeze? Most penguins live in and around Antarctica. This means they must survive in very cold conditions. Penguins have special ways to stay warm when the temperature drops suddenly. Penguins produce oil from a gland (腺体) near their tail. They spread this oil over their feathers. It gives the feathers a waxy (蜡质的) coating, which keeps them dry. We can do a simple experiment to show how wax helps keep water out. You’ll need: ◆Paper ◆Marker pens ◆Coloring pencils ◆Wax crayons (蜡笔) ◆Water ◆Four penguin templates (模板) Instructions: ●Color one penguin from the template with a wax crayon. Go over each area several times to make a thick layer (层). ●Leave the second penguin untreated. This will be the control (对照物). ●Color the last two penguins with marker pens and coloring pencils separately. ●Carefully drop five drops of water onto each penguin. Watch how the water behaves. 1. According to the text, thanks to their _________, penguins don’t freeze in cold conditions. A. special temperature B. thick skin C. waxy layer on feathers D. tail glands 2. In the experiment, _________ act(s) like the penguin’s oily coating. A. wax crayons B. marker pens C. paper D. coloring pencils 3. In the experiment, what is the role of the second penguin template? A. To act as a control. B. To make a thick layer. C. To go with marker pens. D. To watch how water drops. 4. In which part of a newspaper can we probably read this text? A. Story. B. Ad. C. Science. D. Art. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文通过介绍企鹅尾部腺体分泌油脂形成蜡质羽毛防水层的原理，并设计对照实验模拟这一机制，解释了企鹅为何能在寒冷环境中不被冻住。 【1题详解】 根据第3段“They spread this oil over their feathers. It gives the feathers a waxy coating, which keeps them dry.”可知羽毛上的蜡质防水层（waxy layer on feathers）能让企鹅保持干燥，从而抵御寒冷，是企鹅不被冻住的关键原因。 【2题详解】 根据第3段“It gives the feathers a waxy coating, which keeps them dry.”及“Instructions”中“Color one penguin from the template with a wax crayon. Go over each area several times to make a thick layer.”可知，实验中用蜡笔涂画企鹅模板，模拟的就是企鹅羽毛上的蜡质防水层，因此蜡笔（wax crayons）相当于企鹅的油脂涂层。 【3题详解】 根据“Instructions”中“Leave the second penguin untreated. This will be the control.”可知未处理的企鹅模板是实验的“control（对照物）”，用于和涂了蜡笔等材料的企鹅做对比。 【4题详解】 文章介绍了动物生理知识和科学实验，属于科普内容，最可能出现在报纸的科学（Science）板块。 B Lucy, an exchange student from America, is planning a trip to Beijing. She’s trying to decide between taking the high-speed train or flying, so she talks to Fiona, who has been there before. (L-Lucy, F-Fiona) L: If you had time and money to go from Shanghai to Beijing, would you take the high-speed train or fly? What are the advantages of each? F: Well, the high-speed train is pretty comfortable, and you only need to arrive at the station about thirty minutes early. That is really convenient. Seriously, you can’t imagine how modern and convenient the trains are in China! L: I see. But doesn’t it take a long time? F: Yes, a train ride usually takes longer than a flight. But the seats on a train are spacious, and you can walk around whenever you want. It feels a lot more relaxing. L: That makes sense. What about flying? F: Flying is faster, but you have to arrive much earlier for security checks (安检). Also, you can’t bring drinks through security, so you end up buying overpriced ones inside. L: Yes, that sounds terrible. F: And sometimes, the price of a train ticket isn’t much different from that of a plane ticket. So, if you want a calm and comfortable trip, you’d probably still choose the train. L: Got it. And what about getting around the city? F: In big cities like Beijing, the underground covers almost anywhere. It’s cheap, fast and friendly to the environment. L: Good point. What about buses? F: If the underground does not reach the place you want to go, buses do. And they’re cheaper. You’ll be amazed at how convenient and modern China’s public transport is. 5. According to Fiona, what are the advantages of taking the high-speed train? A. Faster and cheaper. B. Green and fast. C. Spacious and overpriced. D. Comfortable and convenient. 6. What disadvantage of flying is mentioned? A. It is often more expensive. B. Seats are not spacious. C. People must arrive very early. D. It’s not environmentally-friendly. 7. What does Fiona think of the underground in big cities like Beijing? A. Slow. B. Great. C. Crowded. D. Expensive. 8. How does Fiona show the good points of transport in China to Lucy? A. By comparing different ways of traveling. B. By saying what other people think about it. C. By telling what happens to her during a trip. D. By giving lots of numbers and facts of speed. 【答案】5. D 6. C 7. B 8. A 【解析】 【导语】本文记录了交换生Lucy向有经验的朋友Fiona咨询从上海到北京出行方式的对话。两人重点讨论了高铁与飞机的利弊，并对北京市内便捷的公共交通给予了高度评价。 【5题详解】 根据对话中Fiona的描述“the high-speed train is pretty comfortable... That is really convenient.”，以及后文提到的座位宽敞等细节，可知高铁的优点是舒适和便利。 【6题详解】 根据Fiona所说“Flying is faster, but you have to arrive much earlier for security checks.”，可知提到的缺点是必须很早到达机场。 【7题详解】 Fiona描述北京等大城市的地铁时提到“It’s cheap, fast and friendly to the environment.”，且覆盖范围广，这些都是正面评价，对应B选项中的Great。 【8题详解】 通读全文可知，Fiona通过对比高铁与飞机、地铁与公交在不同方面的优缺点（如时间、舒适度、价格、便利性等），向Lucy展示了中国交通的优点。 C In my life, dance came alive through Guozhuang Dance (锅庄舞). I first saw it on TV at the age of 25, but it was not until two years later that I truly fell in love with this interesting art. It touched me so deeply that I decided to leave my career and go to National University of the Arts to study body expression. My journey challenged the idea of being “too old for this”. Going at a slow speed, I started from the feet. Step by step, I learned to move my spine (脊柱) and head as I danced. Guozhuang Dance sparked my interest in dance and research. It led me to begin playing the traditional Chinese musical instrument and taking photos, filling my days with creative activities. At the age of 35, I began teaching classes. I shared my knowledge through a workshop centered on body expression. Back then, dance was mainly about watching and copying others, but I wanted to dig deeper into the heart of the dance. My time at UNA introduced me to new experiences and people. It shaped my understanding of body expression and led me to form a meaningful connection with my teachers, Guozhuang Dance is often performed in open areas, like circling a burning fire, where everyone is welcome to join in. With this idea in mind, I started a project called“Brave Performance” when I was 47. It mixes dance, music and improvisation (即兴表演) in a modern way. Though from the past, it remains exciting today. It teaches us to feel, value our culture, pass on traditions creatively, and begin learning at any age. 9. At what age did the writer begin to love Guozhuang Dance? A. 25. B. 27. C. 35. D. 47. 10. How did the writer begin learning the dance movements? A. By moving her head first. B. By watching and copying others. C. By starting slowly from the feet. D. By joining performances in open areas. 11. What does the underlined word “sparked” mean? A. Started. B. Lost. C. Showed. D. Reduced. 12. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Starting a Dance Workshop. B. Dancing Her Way to a New Life. C. Learning Dance at a Young Age. D. Guozhuang Dance: A Traditional Art. 【答案】9. B 10. C 11. A 12. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者与锅庄舞结缘，学习、传播舞蹈并从中收获成长，感悟文化传承与终身学习的故事。 【9题详解】 第一段给出信息：“I first saw it on TV at the age of 25, but it was not until two years later that I truly fell in love with this interesting art”，由此可知作者27岁开始喜爱锅庄舞。 【10题详解】 第二段给出信息：“Going at a slow speed, I started from the feet”，说明作者从脚部开始慢慢学习舞蹈动作。 【11题详解】 第三段给出信息：“Guozhuang Dance sparked my interest in dance and research”，结合后文锅庄舞让作者接触了各类创意活动，可判断sparked意为“开启、激发”，和Started含义相近。 【12题详解】 全文围绕作者因锅庄舞开启全新生活、不断成长展开，B选项“Dancing Her Way to a New Life”最贴合文章主旨。 D Dear Diary, Can you guess where I am? I’m in China’s Tiangong Space Station! I’m not alone, though. I share my tiny “apartment” with three other mice. Six Chinese astronauts take turns caring for us. Last night, we excitedly boarded the Shenzhou-21 spacecraft. The trip took just a little over three hours, and it was surprisingly smooth. As far as I know, humans are pretty much old hands here. However, for us mice, it’s a whole new world! Getting here wasn’t easy. None of us were born “space mice”. We were chosen from 300 mice after more than 60 days of hard training. I’ll never forget how challenging those tests were. Let me tell you about two of them. First, we were placed on a spinning rod (旋转杆). As it sped up, I had to hold on tight (紧紧地) with my front paws (爪) while keeping my back legs moving properly to avoid falling off. My paws were on fire, but I held on for 115 seconds and stood out from the crowd! But that was far from the end of all the spinning. The top mice from Round One were separately placed in a tiny “room” and spun (旋转) rapidly in every possible direction — first for 30 seconds, then one minute, and finally two minutes. Every time I stepped out, everything seemed to be spinning around me. But I had to walk on a balance beam (平衡木) right away. Luckily, I always made it across without falling. Not bad for a little mouse, right? Now that I’m in Tiangong, I plan to make every minute count. We’ll stay here for only about a week. After that, we’ll fly back to Earth. Scientists will then study how our bodies may have changed. This, as they say, will help them better understand the influences of the space environment on living things. 13. How many mice live in an “apartment” in Tiangong? A. 3. B. 4. C. 6. D. 300. 14. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. The astronauts are old hands. B. The trip is longer than the mice expected. C. The astronauts look after the mice all together. D. It’s the first time for the mice to be in Tiangong. 15. What’s the correct order of the following events? a. Be spun quickly in a tiny “room”. b. Avoid falling off a spinning rod. c. Go across the beam without falling. d. Step out and walk on a balance beam at once. A. abcd B. badc C. dbac D. cdba 16. Why does the writer write this text in the form of a mouse’s diary? A. To record the daily tasks of astronauts honestly. B. To explain the effects of space environments carefully. C. To argue that mice are better suited for space seriously. D. To describe the exploration in a lively and personal way. 【答案】13. B 14. D 15. B 16. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，以太空小鼠日记的视角，讲述了小鼠选拔、搭乘神舟二十一号进驻天宫空间站的全过程，介绍了严苛的地面旋转平衡训练，以及小鼠在轨停留一周供科学家研究太空环境对生物影响的任务。 【13题详解】 原文第一段：“I share my tiny ‘apartment’ with three other mice.”这只小鼠+另外3只，一共4只。 【14题详解】 根据第二段最后一句“However, for us mice, it’s a whole new world!”以及上下文提到的艰苦训练可知，这是老鼠们第一次来到天宫空间站。 【15题详解】 根据第四段内容可知事件顺序：首先是在旋转杆上避免掉落（First... spinning rod... avoid falling off，对应b）；其次是优胜者被放入小房间快速旋转（The top mice... placed in a tiny ‘room’ and spun，对应a）；然后是走出来立刻走平衡木（stepped out... walk on a balance beam right away，对应d）；最后是成功走过没有摔倒（made it across without falling，对应c）。正确顺序为b-a-d-c。 【16题详解】 文章采用日记体裁，以第一人称‘我’（一只老鼠）的视角叙述，语言生动有趣。这种形式旨在以生动和个人化的方式描写太空探索经历，而非严肃论证或单纯记录宇航员任务。 第二节 阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Did you know that dunes (沙丘) can move? Sounds like something from a movie about science. ____17____ A new study made by researchers from Nanjing University found that the dunes in western China’s deserts are moving more slowly now. ____18____ They change shape and move depending on how the wind blows. The researchers studied dunes in western China’s deserts. ____19____ Satellites (卫星) took these pictures from the sky. The team found out that the movement speed of dunes has slowed down by 30 percent. In the area with the fastest slowdown, the speed of dune movement has dropped from about 9 meters each year to 4.5 meters each year. The main reason is that the wind is not as strong, so it carries less sand, noted China Science Daily. ____20____ It means wind near the ground is slowing down worldwide. As the slower wind takes away less sand, dust storms (沙尘暴) happen less often. This helps plants grow back in dry areas. However, slower near-ground wind can also make wind power work less well. It might also make it harder for pollution to go away, said researchers from Nanjing University. A. However, this happens in real life. B. They compared pictures from 1986 to 2021. C. They wanted to understand why this change happened. D. This finding supports the idea of “worldwide wind stilling”. E. The study says dunes form in places with much sand and little water. 【答案】17. A 18. E 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了南京大学的一项研究发现：中国西部沙漠的沙丘移动速度正在变缓，并解释了其成因、相关影响，以及该现象与全球地面风速减弱的关联。 【17题详解】 根据空前句“Sounds like something from a movie about science.”可知，此处表示转折，说明这是真实发生的。选项A“However, this happens in real life.”符合语境，与“电影”形成对比。 【18题详解】 空后句“They change shape and move depending on how the wind blows.”中的“They”指代沙丘（dunes）。选项E“The study says dunes form in places with much sand and little water.”提到了“dunes”，且进一步介绍了沙丘的形成条件，与后文描述沙丘如何移动衔接自然。 【19题详解】 根据空后句“Satellites took these pictures from the sky.”中的“these pictures”可知，前文必须提到照片。选项B“They compared pictures from 1986 to 2021.”提到了研究中对比照片的方法，与后文“卫星拍摄照片”的内容对应。 【20题详解】 根据空后句“It means wind near the ground is slowing down worldwide.”可知，此处应提出一个关于全球风速减缓的观点。选项D“This finding supports the idea of ‘worldwide wind stilling’.”中的“worldwide wind stilling”与后文的“worldwide”及风速减缓的解释完全对应。 二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One evening, I went to the supermarket to buy some groceries (食品杂货). As I entered through the glass doors, I immediately ____21____ that something unusual was happening near the cash register (收银台). My curiosity led me to take a closer ____22____. There, I saw a cashier taking some things out of a customer’s shopping bag. The customer was an elderly woman who looked very sad and ____23____. It turned out that the cashier was taking some things out to cut down the total ____24____. This touched my heart, and I felt a strong urge (冲动) to help. I quickly walked over to the cash register. Without saying a word, I pointed to the things the cashier was about to ____25____. Then I pointed to my own shopping bag to show that I would ____26____ for them. The cashier nodded and put the things back into the elderly woman’s bag. The cashier then tried to help the woman with her ____27____ again, but it still didn’t work. Seeing the total price on the screen, I quietly took out some cash from my wallet and handed it to the cashier. I just wanted to help, so I ____28____ walked away after paying. The elderly woman was so worried about her card that she didn’t ____29____ me. When the cashier told her that she didn’t have to pay anything, she looked confused (困惑的). As I left the supermarket, I felt a warm sense of pride. I hoped that my small act of ____30____ brought some comfort and happiness to the elderly woman, reminding her that there are still people who care. 21. A. remembered B. found C. missed D. advised 22. A. look B. study C. check D. survey 23. A. happy B. excited C. worried D. cared 24. A. weight B. cost C. number D. height 25. A. leave behind B. give up C. break down D. put away 26. A. leave B. search C. work D. pay 27. A. card B. food C. wallet D. phone 28. A. happily B. hopelessly C. suddenly D. quickly 29. A. recognize B. hear C. notice D. listen 30. A. confidence B. pride C. kindness D. bravery 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者在超市购物时，发现一位老妇人因钱不够被迫减少商品，作者默默帮她付款，希望善举能带来温暖。 【21题详解】 句意：当我穿过玻璃门进入时，我立刻发现收银台附近有些不寻常的事情正在发生。 根据上下文，作者进入超市后，发现了一件不同寻常的事。found符合语境；remembered记得、missed错过/想念、advised建议，均不符合此处逻辑。 【22题详解】 句意：我的好奇心驱使我凑过去仔细看。 固定搭配take a closer look意为“凑近看，仔细看”，符合好奇心驱使的动作。study学习、check检查、survey调查，均不构成此搭配。 【23题详解】 句意：顾客是一位看起来非常悲伤和担忧的老妇人。 后文提到老人的卡无法支付，且收银员在帮她减少商品，可推断她此时是担忧的。worried符合语境；happy开心的、excited兴奋的、cared关心的，用法不符。 【24题详解】 句意：结果是收银员正在拿出一些东西来降低总花费。 根据上下文，收银员拿出商品是为了减少总价。cost符合语境；weight重量、number数量、height高度，与总价无关。 【25题详解】 句意：我一句话也没说，指了指收银员正要留下的东西。 根据前文，收银员要把商品拿出来减少总价，也就是把这些商品留下。leave behind符合语境；give up放弃、break down出故障、put away收好，均不符合此处动作逻辑。 【26题详解】 句意：然后我指了指我自己的购物袋，表示我会为它们付款。 根据上下文，作者想要帮助老人，因此是要替她付款。pay符合语境；leave离开、search寻找、work工作，均不符合。 【27题详解】 句意：收银员点点头，把东西放回了老妇人的袋子里。收银员再次尝试帮老人用她的卡支付，但还是不行。 后文提到“the elderly woman was so worried about her card”，可知老人是用卡支付，因此此处是card。food食物、wallet钱包、phone手机，均不符合上下文线索。 【28题详解】 句意：我只是想帮忙，所以付完钱后快速地走开了。 作者不想让老人感到尴尬，因此是快速离开。quickly符合语境；happily开心地、hopelessly无望地、suddenly突然地，均不符合此处作者低调帮忙的心态。 【29题详解】 句意：老妇人太担心她的卡了，以至于没有注意到我。 根据上下文，作者快速离开，老人又一直关注支付问题，因此没有注意到作者。notice符合语境；recognize认出、hear听见、listen听，均不符合语境。 【30题详解】 句意：我希望我的小小善意能给这位老妇人带来一些安慰和快乐，提醒她还有人关心她。 作者替老人付款是一种善意的行为。kindness符合语境；confidence自信、pride骄傲、bravery勇敢，均不符合此处主题。 第二部分非选择题（共40分） 三、语篇填空（共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 I’m not a fan of patchwork quilts (拼布被子). ____31____ (surprising), however, there is a small patchwork quilt in my home. In the beginning, this quilt belonged to my mother. She once joined a weekly book club with some ____32____ (woman) from the neighborhood. In fact, it was more of an excuse to get together and drink coffee. One of the ladies named Emily ____33____ (make) my mother a small quilt. For years, this quilt sat folded (折叠) and it ____34____ (place) in my mom’s living room. It went with her when she moved to a small room at an assisted living facility (辅助生活机构). I never saw my mother use it throughout all those years. During one of my ____35____ (visit), I asked her why she kept it. She said it was a gift from Emily. Because she was not so close to Emily and did not even like the quilt’s design, I became more confused (困惑的) ____36____ then asked again. Her answer remained ____37____ same: “Because it was from Emily.” After thinking this over for several days, I realized that the quilt’s value didn’t lie in its appearance but in its maker. It was much ____38____ (special) than other quilts because it reminded my mom of being a good neighbor and caring about each other. I inherited (继承) the quilt more than ten years ago and it has remained folded on a shelf ever since. My plan is to one day gift it to my daughter, and I hope she will keep it. Patchwork quilts carry stories that we share about ____39____ (we) experiences. They turn everyday things ____40____ something special. 【答案】31. Surprisingly 32. women 33. made 34. was placed 35. visits 36. and 37. the 38. more special 39. our 40. into 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了“我”最初不喜欢的拼布被子的故事，它承载着母亲与邻居艾米莉之间的情谊，象征着邻里间的关爱，并由此感悟到日常物品因其所承载的故事而变得特别。 【31题详解】 句意：然而，令人惊讶的是，我家却有一张小拼布被子。此处需要副词修饰整个句子，表示“令人惊讶地”，故将surprising变为surprisingly。注意首字母大写。 【32题详解】 句意：她曾和附近的一些女性参加一个每周读书会。some后接可数名词复数，woman的复数形式为women。 【33题详解】 句意：其中一位名叫Emily的女士做了一条小被子给我妈妈。句中缺少谓语动词。描述过去发生的事，时态用一般过去时，make的过去式是made。 【34题详解】 句意：多年来，这条被子折叠着被放在我妈妈的客厅里。此处缺少谓语动词。quilt与place之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were done。 主语it为单数第三人称，所以此处应填was placed。 【35题详解】 句意：one of+可数名词复数，意为“……中之一”。visit作名词“探访”时，复数为visits。 【36题详解】 句意：因为她与Emily并不那么亲近，甚至也不喜欢那条被子的图案，我变得更加困惑，并又问了一遍。became more confused和then asked again是顺承关系，用并列连词and。 【37题详解】 句意：她的回答仍然是同样的：“因为那是 Emily 送的。”same前必须加定冠词the，构成the same。 【38题详解】 句意：它比其他被子特别得多，因为它让我妈妈想起要做个好邻居并互相关心。由much和than可知，此处应用比较级。special的比较级是more special。 【39题详解】 句意：拼布被子承载着我们分享的关于我们经历的故事。experiences前需要形容词性物主代词，we的形容词物主代词为our。 【40题详解】 句意：它们把日常物品变成特别的东西。turn ... into ...为固定短语，意为“把……变成……”。 四、阅读与表达（共4小题，41—43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10分） 阅读下面的材料，根据内容回答问题。 The World for Teenagers ♥♥♥ Question in September: What do you often do in your spare time? Linda from Britain I often use old clothes that people don’t wear any more to make bags. I set up a website (网站) to sell the bags online. Many customers think they are fantastic and choose one from time to time. Now I plan to invent a new way to use old clothes. Linlin from China I often visit museums. Museums have taught me a lot. I have been to many museums, such as the museums in Harbin and Xi’an. But I love China National Tea Museum best. It’s a museum in Hangzhou. In this museum, I learned about the history of tea. I watched the tea art performances and learned how to make a perfect cup of tea with tea sets. Amy from Canada I often cook Chinese food at home. My favorite is Yunnan Rice Noodles. To make the food, I need to have rice noodles, chicken soup, chicken, vegetables and eggs. My parents often cook Chinese food as well, especially Kung Pao Chicken. But my brother Tom doesn’t like Chinese food. 41. What does Linda do with old clothes? __________________________________________________________________________________ 42. What is Linlin’s favorite museum? __________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Who likes cooking Chinese food among the three teenagers? __________________________________________________________________________________ 44. What do you like to do in your free time? Why? Write 30 words or more. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. She uses them to make bags. 42. China National Tea Museum. 43. Amy. 44. I like reading books in my free time. Because reading can open my eyes and help me learn more knowledge. It makes me feel relaxed and happy. I think it is very meaningful.（答案不唯一） 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要讲述了三位来自不同国家的青少年在空闲时间经常做的事情。 【41题详解】 Linda部分“I often use old clothes that people don’t wear any more to make bags.”，说明Linda用旧衣服制作包，直接提取信息。 【42题详解】 Linlin部分“But I love China National Tea Museum best.”，说明Linlin最喜欢的博物馆是中国国家茶叶博物馆，答案几乎是原文引述。 【43题详解】 Amy部分“I often cook Chinese food at home.”说明三位青少年中Amy喜欢做中国菜，直接提取任务信息。 【44题详解】 本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合自身实际言之有理即可。 五、书面表达（满分20分） 45. 假如你是李辉，你的学校在课后服务活动中，根据学生的需求开设了丰富的课程，比如运动，阅读，国学以及各项DIY劳动技能等，请你向笔友Tim介绍一下你选修的一项或两项课程，并谈谈你的收获。内容要点如下： 1. 你选修的课程与原因；2. 你在课程中的参与了哪些活动；3. 你的收获与感想。 注意： 1. 词数80-100，开头与结尾已写好，不计入总词数； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文章中不得出现真实姓名以及学校名称。 Dear Tim, How is everything going? I have been a bit busy these days. My school has organized many different/kinds of after-class courses recently. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear Tim, How is everything going? I have been a bit busy these days. My school has organized many different/kinds of after-class courses recently. I chose DIY labor skills because I really love creating things with my own hands. In this course, we plant fresh vegetables in the school garden and repair old books in the library. We also make lovely paper crafts in the classroom. It is tiring but truly meaningful. I not only master useful practical skills but also realize the true value of labor. Now I become much more independent and responsible. What about your school life? Do you have such wonderful courses? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hui 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：书信应用文，以一般现在时为主，穿插动作描述 明确要点：①选修课程与选课原因；②课程参与的活动；③课程收获与内心感想 确定人称：第一人称(I/my) 注意事项：主体段落控制80-100词；不出现真实校名、人名；题目给出的开头结尾不计入总词数 [第二步：构思布局] 开头段：问候+总起，介绍学校开设多样课后课程，引出下文介绍DIY劳动课程 主体段：分层写选课缘由、各类场地实践活动、劳动带来的成长感悟 结尾段：向笔友提问互动，搭配书信标准收尾句式 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：选修课程与选课原因 课程：DIY labor skills/Reading/Sports/Traditional Chinese Culture等 原因：really love creating things with my own hands/open my eyes to the world and learn more new words/keep healthy and learn teamwork with classmates等 要点二：课程参与的场所与活动 场所：school garden/library/classroom/reading room/playground等 活动：plant fresh vegetables/repair old books/make lovely paper crafts/read storybooks/learn ball skills/listen to history stories等 要点三：课程收获与感想 收获与感想：tiring but truly meaningful/master useful practical skills/realize the true value of labor/become much more independent and responsible/make lots of friendly partners in class/greatly improves my hands-on ability等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $