Unit 8 Section A (4a-4d) 语法素养练习 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 练习聚焦现在完成时（延续与经历），分基础夯实、能力提升、迁移创新三层，梯度清晰，从单一语法规则到综合语用，适配新授课知识巩固与能力进阶需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础夯实|动作持续、非延续性动词转换|单词适当形式填空、句型转换，直接应用语法规则，强化语言能力| |能力提升|时态综合运用、逻辑推断|语法填空、短文填空，结合语境考查知识迁移，发展思维品质| |迁移创新|实际问题解决|读写结合回答问题，联系生活情境，提升学习能力与表达应用|

Unit 8 Section A (4a-4d) 语法素养练习 主题：现在完成时（2）—— 延续与经历 【语法导航】 1. 核心概念：动作持续 (Duration) 表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并可能继续下去。常与 for + 时间段 或 since + 时间点/从句 连用。 ⚠️ 黄金法则：肯定句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。 ✅ I have lived here for 10 years. (live 是延续性动词) ❌ I have bought the book for 10 years. (buy 是非延续性动词) 2. 易错陷阱：非延续性动词 (Non-continuous Verbs) 非延续性动词（如 buy, die, leave, join, borrow）不能直接与 for/since 连用，必须转换为对应的延续性状态。 非延续性动词 (动作) 延续性表达 (状态) 例句转换 buy​ (买) have​ (拥有) I bought​ it 2 years ago. → I have had​ it for​ 2 years. borrow​ (借) keep​ (保存) He borrowed​ the book a week ago. → He has kept​ the book for​ a week. leave​ (离开) be away​ (离开的状态) She left​ 10 minutes ago. → She has been away for​ 10 minutes. join​ (加入) be in / be a member​ Tom joined​ the army last year. → Tom has been in​ the army since​ last year. die​ (死亡) be dead​ (死亡的状态) The fish died​ yesterday. → The fish has been dead for​ a day. 3. 辨析：Have been to vs. Have gone to • Have been to: 去过某地（已回来，强调经历）。 ◦ I have been to Beijing twice. (我去过北京两次，现在在家。) • Have gone to: 去了某地（在路上或已到达，还没回来）。 ◦ Mr. Li isn't here. He has gone to Beijing. (李先生去了北京，还没回来。) 同步练习 Part 1 基础夯实 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式以及 for 或 since 完成句子。 1. Jiujianggou in Sichuan is a beautiful place. I ______ (be) there three times ______ the beginning of last year. 2. People ______ (celebrate) the World First Aid Day ______ many years since it started in 2000. 3. Jim ______ (have) the toy bear ______ his sixth birthday. It's his favourite. 4. Lily's uncle ______ (die) in a car accident. Lily is still sad although he ______ (be) dead for a year. 5. Although he ______ (fall) asleep late last night, he ______ (be) asleep for ten hours until now. 二、句型转换（注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换）。 6. Mr. Brown left Beijing two weeks ago. (改为现在完成时) Mr. Brown ______ ______ ______ Beijing for two weeks. 7. Liu Lingli began to teach in a special education school when she was 18 years old. (改为现在完成时) Liu Lingli ______ ______ in a special education school ______ she was 18 years old. 8. I bought the watch two years ago. (改为现在完成时) I ______ ______ the watch ______ two years. 9. I borrowed this book a week ago. (改为现在完成时) I ______ ______ this book for a week. 10. My family have lived in this community for 18 years. (对画线部分提问) ______ ______ ______ your family lived in this community? Part 2 能力提升 三、语法填空 I love being a volunteer! I 11. ______ (volunteer) in a community library for almost two years. Since I became a volunteer there, I 12. ______ (help) organize more than eight book donation events. Also, I 13. ______ (learn) a lot from these experiences. Last month I 14. ______ (visit) a primary school in the countryside. I 15. ______ (share) stories with them and they listened carefully and laughed happily. Before I left, I gave them some new books and they cheered! 四、用方框内所给词语的适当形式填空。 army, primary, charity, warm, help out 16. When it was Chinese players' turn, Chinese people cheered ______. 17. My bike broke down on the way to school, so I had to call my dad to come and ______. 18. Many ______ from many countries safeguard the peace of the world. 19. There are five ______ to help the poor on the list. Which one will you donate to? 20. John is in Grade 7 now, but he misses his ______ school life because it's more relaxing and interesting. 五、短文填空（时态综合运用与逻辑推断）。 Do you care about your neighbourhood? Joseph Beer really cares about his. Last summer holiday, the 15-year-old boy 21. ______ (find) he had lots of time on his hands. Instead 22. ______ playing video games or watching movies, he 23. ______ (do) something meaningful for his community so far. The outdoor areas 24. ______ his neighbourhood were not in good condition. Some road signs were dirty, and some were covered by 25. ______ (branch). Joseph decided 26. ______ (clean) the signs and trim（修剪）these trees. According to his mum, he 27. ______ (go) out every morning and spent the whole day tidying things up. He didn't return home 28. ______ evening, tired but happy. People soon noticed 29. ______ (he) hard work. They 30. ______ (share) photos of his work online. Many were touched and thanked him 31. ______ (warm). Some even gave him money, but Joseph didn't keep it. He donated the money to some local 32. ______ (charity) to help more people. Joseph is happy to see 33. ______ clean neighbourhood. For him, that's the 34. ______ (good) reward（奖励）. It has brought him great satisfaction（满足）, and he says he 35. ______ (continue). Part 3 迁移创新 六、读写结合。 根据第五题的短文内容，回答问题。 36. What other meaningful things do you think teenagers can do for the neighbourhood? (List at least two suggestions) ① ___________________________________________________________________________ ② ___________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 Part 1 1. have been; since 2. have celebrated; for 3. has had; since 4. died; has been 5. fell; has been Part 2 6. has been away from 7. has taught; since 8. have had; for 9. have kept 10. How long have Part 3 11. have volunteered 12. have helped 13. have learned 14. visited 15. shared 16. warmly 17. help out 18. armies 19. charities 20. primary 21. found 22. of 23. has done 24. in (in the neighbourhood) 25. branches 26. to clean 27. went 28. until 29. his 30. shared 31. warmly 32. charities 33. the 34. best 35. will continue Part 4 36. Sample Answers: ◦ Pick up litter in the park to keep the environment clean. ◦ Help the elderly carry heavy bags or cross the street. ◦ Plant more trees to make the neighbourhood greener. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $