小升初英语语法精讲:一般现在时 VS 一般将来时&(专项训练)-2025-2026学年译林版(三起)(2012)英语六年级下册
小升初英语语法精讲:一般现在时 VS 一般将来时&专项练习
一、核心本质区别(一句话分清)
1.一般现在时:描述常态、习惯、客观事实、固定真理、计划时刻表(现在长期不变)
2.一般将来时:描述现在还没发生、以后才会做的动作 / 状态(未来临时打算、预测、承诺)
二、两大时态完整对比表格
表格
对比维度 | 一般现在时 | 一般将来时 |
时间范围 | 经常性、习惯性、客观永恒、固定时刻表 | 将来某一时间(明天 / 下周 / 以后),尚未发生 |
核心含义 | 1. 日常习惯2. 客观真理 / 常识3. 主语长期特征4. 列车、课程、节目固定时刻表 | 1. 临时打算、计划2. 预测、推测3. 承诺、意愿、邀请 |
标志词 | often, usually, always, sometimes, every day/week, on Sundays, never, seldom | tomorrow, next week, soon, in + 时间段,later, this afternoon, one day |
基础结构 | 1. 主语三单:主语 + 动词 s/es2. 非三单:主语 + 动词原形否定:don’t/doesn’t + 动原疑问:Do/Does + 主语 + 动原 | 1. will + 动词原形(万能通用)2. be going to + 动原(有计划、有迹象)否定:will not /be not going to疑问:Will + 主语 / Be + 主语 going to |
动词变化 | 第三人称单数变形(加 s/es) | 动词永远用原形,无变形 |
三、分模块精讲 + 易错辨析
模块 1:一般现在时四大用法(必考)
用法 1:日常重复习惯(最常考)
标志:every… /usually/often /always 例句: I get up at 6 every morning. 我每天早上 6 点起床。 She plays the piano on Saturdays. 她每周六弹钢琴。
用法 2:客观真理、自然常识(永远用现三,不能用将来)
易错坑:太阳升起、水沸腾、地球转动,永远一般现在时 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播快。
用法 3:人物长期爱好、性格、能力
He likes reading. 他喜欢阅读。 My mother cooks well. 我妈妈做饭很好吃。
用法 4:时刻表、课程表、列车固定安排(极易和将来时混淆)
固定时间表,哪怕是明天的班次,也用一般现在时! The train leaves at 8 a.m. tomorrow. 火车明天早上 8 点开。 Class begins at 9 tomorrow. 明天九点上课。
模块 2:一般将来时两大核心结构
1. will + 动词原形
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适用:临时决定、单纯预测、意愿、承诺 —It’s cold. —I will close the window.(当场临时决定,不用 be going to) I will help you later. 我稍后会帮你。
2. be going to + 动词原形
适用:提前做好计划、有明显迹象要发生 I am going to visit my grandma this weekend.(提前计划好) Look! It’s cloudy. It is going to rain.(有迹象要下雨)
模块 3:小升初最高频易混点(重难点辨析)
易混 1:时刻表用现三,个人计划用将来
❌ I will leave at 7 tomorrow.(错误,固定班车时刻表) ✅ The bus leaves at 7 tomorrow. ✅ I am going to leave at 7 tomorrow.(我自己打算七点走,个人计划)
易混 2:真理永远不用将来
❌ The earth will go around the sun. ✅ The earth goes around the sun.
易混 3:时间 / 条件状语从句 “主将从现”(小升初必考难点)
规则:主句将来,if/when 引导的从句用一般现在时表将来 例句: If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们就待在家。 When he comes back, I will tell you. 等他回来,我就告诉你。 拆解: 从句(if/when 后):it rains /he comes(一般现在表将来) 主句:we will stay / I will tell(一般将来)
四、句型转换对比(配套练习模板)
一般现在时(主语 she 三单)
肯定:She walks to school every day. 否定:She doesn’t walk to school every day. 疑问:Does she walk to school every day?
一般将来时(will 结构)
肯定:She will walk to school tomorrow. 否定:She won’t walk to school tomorrow. 疑问:Will she walk to school tomorrow?
一般将来时(be going to)
肯定:She is going to walk to school tomorrow. 否定:She isn’t going to walk to school tomorrow. 疑问:Is she going to walk to school tomorrow?
五、经典易错题辨析(考试高频陷阱)
1.( ) My brother ______ football every Sunday.
A. play B. plays C. will play 解析:every Sunday 每周日,习惯性动作→一般现在,三单选 B
2.( ) Look! Dark clouds. It ______ rain.
A. is going to B. will C. rains 解析:有下雨迹象,用 be going to,选 A
3.( ) The plane ______ at 10 a.m. tomorrow.
A. takes off B. will take off C. take off 解析:航班时刻表,固定安排,一般现在三单,选 A
4.If I ______ free, I ______ shopping with you.
A. am; will go B. will be; go C. am; go 解析:主将从现,从句现三,主句将来,选 A
5.The moon ______ around the earth.
A. move B. moves C. will move 解析:客观真理,一般现在三单,选 B
六、快速判断口诀(方便背诵)
一般现在时口诀
每日每周常总有时,习惯爱好不变事; 真理常识时刻表,动词三单要牢记; if when 表将来,从句只用现在时。
一般将来时口诀
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明天下周很快后,将要发生还没够; will do 临时决定,be going to 有计划; 看见迹象天要变,be going to 放前头。
小升初英语专项练习卷:一般现在时 VS 一般将来时
适用:小升初复习|分层考点标注|附完整答案 + 解析
卷首说明
分层逻辑:基础识记→易混辨析→重难点(主将从现)→综合句型转换→真题单选,每大题前标注对应核心考点。
第一部分 基础层(考点 1:一般现在时・习惯、客观事实、标志词)
考点标注:掌握 every/usually/often 等频度词;客观真理;动词三单变化规则
一、用所给词适当形式填空
- My father ________ (read) newspapers every morning.
- Birds ________ (fly) to the south in winter.
- The earth ________ (go) around the sun.
- Lily often ________ (wash) her clothes on weekends.
- Water ________ (boil) at 100℃.
- We ________ (not watch) TV on school nights.
- ________ your sister ________ (like) drawing?
- The shop ________ (close) at nine p.m. every day.
第二部分 基础层(考点 2:一般将来时 will /be going to 区分 + 将来时间标志词)
考点标注:tomorrow/next/in + 时间段;will do(临时打算);be going to(计划、有迹象)
二、用 will /be going to + 动词原形填空
- I ________ ________ ________ (visit) my cousin next month.
- —I’m so thirsty. —Don’t worry. I ________ (buy) you a bottle of water.
- Look at the black clouds! It ________ ________ ________ (rain).
- We ________ (have) a picnic if the weather is fine this Sunday.
- My brother ________ ________ ________ (learn) to swim this summer.
- She ________ not ________ (come) to the party tonight.
- ________ you ________ (help) me with my English later?
- They ________ not ________ ________ ________ (play) basketball tomorrow.
第三部分 易混提高层(考点 3:时刻表固定安排用一般现在时,易与将来时混淆)
考点标注:火车、飞机、课程、班车固定时刻表,即使是未来时间,仍用一般现在时
三、单选,选出正确答案
( ) 1. The train ________ at 6:30 tomorrow morning.
A.leave B. leaves C. will leave
( ) 2. Our English class ________ at 8:00 every Monday.
A.starts B. is starting C. will start
( ) 3. The plane ________ Beijing at 10 a.m. the day after tomorrow.
A.fly B. flies C. will fly
( ) 4. When ________ the supermarket open tomorrow?
- do B. does C. will
( ) 5. The bus ________ here in ten minutes。
A. arrives B. will arrive C. arrive
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