Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature形容词和副词比较级与最高级核心讲义 + 120道分层练习题 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

本讲义聚焦形容词和副词比较级与最高级核心知识点，从概念总览（原级、比较级、最高级的含义、数量要求及标志词）切入，系统梳理规则变化（单音节词、多音节词等）与不规则变化（如good/better/best），再到核心句型（比较级than结构、最高级in/of范围等）及原级比较（as...as句型），辅以单元特殊考点大数字读写和易错点速记，构建完整学习支架。 该资料以120道分层练习题（基础、提高、挑战篇）为特色，基础篇强化规则应用，提高篇融入自然奇观语境（如Grand Canyon短文填空），挑战篇通过单句改错、完形填空提升思维品质。结合单元主题培养语言能力，课中辅助教师分层教学，课后助力学生针对性查漏补缺，有效落实核心素养。

人教版八年级下册Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 形容词和副词比较级与最高级核心讲义 + 120道分层练习题 适用对象：八年级学生（人教版2024新教材） 教学目标：掌握形容词和副词的比较级与最高级的概念、变化规则、核心句型，并通过分层练习实现从基础到综合运用的进阶。 总题量：120道，含完整参考答案。 📖 第一部分：核心语法讲义 一、概念总览 比较等级 含义 数量要求 常用标志词 原级 描述事物本身，不进行比较 单一个体 very, quite, so, too 等 比较级 两者之间作比较，表示“更……” 两者 than, much, a little, even 等 最高级 三者及以上作比较，表示“最……” 三者及以上 the, in, of, among, one of 等 📌 核心口诀： 不作比较用原级，两者比较用比较级，三者及以上用最高级。 二、变化规则 （一）规则变化 情况 变化规则 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词 词尾加 -er / -est tall → taller tall → tallest 以不发音 e 结尾 加 -r / -st nice → nicer nice → nicest “辅音 + y”结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 -er / -est happy → happier happy → happiest 重读闭音节结尾 （辅音 + 元音 + 辅音） 双写末尾辅音，再加 -er / -est big → bigger big → biggest 多音节词 / 部分双音节词 前加 more / most beautiful → more beautiful beautiful → most beautiful 📌 特别提示： 部分双音节词（如 clever， narrow， quiet）既可加 -er / -est，也可加 more / most。 以 -ful， -less， -ly 结尾的双音节词（如 useful， careless， friendly）通常用 more / most。 （二）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best bad / badly worse worst many / much more most little（少） less least far farther（距离） / further（程度） farthest / furthest old older / elder（年长） oldest / eldest 📌 易错提醒： good 的比较级是 better，不是 more good。 little 作“少”意时比较级为 less，注意与 small（小的，比较级 smaller）区分。 far 的两种比较级各有侧重：farther 表实际距离，further 表抽象程度。 三、核心句型和用法 （一）比较级主要句型 句型 结构 示例 两者比较 A + be/动词 + 比较级 + than + B Tom is taller than Mike. 程度强调 程度副词 + 比较级 + than This book is much more interesting. 越来越…… 比较级 + and + 比较级 The days are getting warmer and warmer. 越……，就越…… The + 比较级，the + 比较级 The harder you work， the better grades you will get. 两者中“较……” the + 比较级 + of the two She is the taller of the two sisters. 📌 可修饰比较级的程度副词：much， a lot， far， even， still， a little， a bit。 （二）最高级主要句型 句型 结构 示例 最…… the + 最高级 + in/of/among + 范围 He is the tallest in his class. 最……之一 one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数 Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 第几最…… the + 序数词 + 最高级 This is the second longest river in the world. 物主代词+最高级 形容词性物主代词 + 最高级 This is her best performance. 📌 最高级注意点： 形容词最高级前一般加 the；副词最高级前可加可不加。 in 后接地方/团体，of 后接一群人或物。 四、原级比较 句型 结构 示例 和……一样 as + 原级 + as He is as tall as his father. 不如…… not as / so + 原级 + as This problem is not as difficult as that one. 五、单元特殊考点——大数字读写 本单元因主题为“自然奇观”，还要求掌握大数字的读写规则。 数字 读法 2,310,637 two million， three hundred and ten thousand， six hundred and thirty-seven 9,600,000 nine million， six hundred thousand 要点： 每三位用逗号分隔：thousand（千）， million（百万）， billion（十亿）。 确数时 thousand / million / billion 不加-s；概数时加-s后跟 of（如 thousands of）。 六、易错点速记 易错点 ❌ 错误 ✅ 正确 原级比较用比较级 He is as taller as me. He is as tall as me. 最高级漏掉 the She is tallest girl. She is the tallest girl. good 的变化错误 This is the most good book. This is the best book. 比较对象不一致 My pen is cheaper than him. My pen is cheaper than his （pen）. 误用 so…as 于肯定句 It runs so fast as the old one. It runs as fast as the old one. 修饰比较级用 too/very She is very taller than me. She is much taller than me. 📝 第二部分：120道分层练习题 【Level 1 · 基础篇】（40题） Part 1 写出下列单词的比较级和最高级（20题） 1. tall ________ ________ 2. nice ________ ________ 3. happy ________ ________ 4. big ________ ________ 5. thin ________ ________ 6. good ________ ________ 7. bad ________ ________ 8. many ________ ________ 9. little（少） ________ ________ 10. far ________ ________ 11. interesting ________ ________ 12. beautiful ________ ________ 13. careful ________ ________ 14. well ________ ________ 15. fast ________ ________ 16. early ________ ________ 17. hot ________ ________ 18. cheap ________ ________ 19. heavy ________ ________ 20. lazy ________ ________ Part 2 用所给单词的正确形式填空（10题） 1. Tom is ________（tall） than his brother. 2. Lucy is the ________（happy） girl in our group. 3. The Yangtze River is ________（long） than the Yellow River. 4. Summer is the ________（hot） season of the year. 5. She runs ________（fast） than me. 6. Which is ________（big）， the sun， the moon or the earth？ 7. This box is ________（heavy） than that one. 8. He is ________（good） at math than me. 9. She is ________（quiet） than her sister. 10. This is ________（interesting） book I have ever read. Part 3 单项选择（10题） 1. At the age of 60， Uncle Sam is still as ______ as he used to be. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 2. The Qiantang River is one of ______ rivers in China. A. most famous B. less famous C. more famous D. the most famous 3. I think skiing isn‘t ______ skating, but both of them are exciting. A. as interesting as B. as more interesting as C. as interested as D. as more interested as 4. After taking basketball classes， David is much ______ than last year. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 5. Tom is only 13 years old， but he is 180cm tall. He is ______ boy in his class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 6. Many Chinese students think science subjects are ______ foreign languages. A. more difficult as B. most difficult as C. much difficult than D. more difficult than 7. As for me， nothing is ______ than hiking. It always brings me a lot of fun. A. enjoyable B. more enjoyable C. most enjoyable D. the most enjoyable 8. The Yangtze River is ______ than the Yellow River. A. longest B. the longest C. long D. longer 9. —How do you like the countryside？ —It‘s ______ than the big cities. I love the peace there. A. quiet B. quieter C. quietest D. the quietest Nothing is ______ than an ice cream on a hot summer day. A. delicious B. more delicious C. the more delicious D. the most delicious 【Level 2 · 提高篇】（40题） Part 1 单项选择（20题） 1. This skirt is ______ than that one, so I’ll take the cheaper one. A. expensive B. more expensive C. most expensive D. the most expensive 2. —How do you like the two books？ —I think the first one is ______ than the second. A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting D. less interesting 3. The air in the countryside is ______ than that in the city. A. fresh B. fresher C. freshest D. the freshest 4. —Who runs ______ in your class？ —Li Ming. He can run 100 meters in 12 seconds. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 5. ______ you work， ______ results you will get. A. The harder; better B. Harder; the better C. The harder; the better D. Harder; better 6. Technology is making people ______ than before by doing them harm. A. lazy B. lazier C. laziest D. the laziest 7. Lingling is one of ______ students in my class. She is always ready to offer help. A. helpful B. more helpful C. the least helpful D. the most helpful 8. —Can you teach me how to improve spoken English？ —The more you practise， ______ it becomes. A. the better B. the best C. the worse D. the worst 9. —Which kind of movies do you prefer， action movies or comedies？ —I like action movies ______. A. well B. better C. the better D. the best 10.With the teacher’s help， Li Lei does his homework as ______ as others. A. more careful B. carefully C. careful D. more carefully 11. Mount Qomolangma is ______ mountain in the world. A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest 12. This building is about 100 metres ______. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 13.The weather today is ______ than yesterday. A. good B. well C. better D. best 14.China is one of ______ countries in the world. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest 15.The Yellow River is the second ______ river in China. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 16.The more you read， ______ you will understand. A. more B. the more C. most D. the most 17.She is ______ careful ______ her sister. A. so; as B. as; as C. so; that D. such; that 18.—What do you think of Miss Wang‘s teaching？ —Oh, no one teaches ______. A. well B. best C. better D. good 19. This problem is ______ than that one. A. much easy B. very easier C. much easier D. more easier 20. The weather is getting ______. A. more and more hot B. hotter and hotter C. hotter and hotter D. more hot and hot Part 2 句型转换（10题） 1. John plays basketball best of the boys in his class.（改为同义句） John plays basketball ______ than ______ ______ boy in his class. 2. My brother is 14 years old. My cousin is 12 years old.（合并为一句） My brother is ______ ______ my cousin. 3. That is one of the most popular books.（改为反义句） That is one of ______ ______ books. 4. David didn‘t run as fast as Li Lei.（改为同义句） Li Lei ______ ______ ______ David. 5. She is the tallest girl in her class.（改为同义句） She is ______ than ______ ______ girl in her class. 6. This book is less interesting than that one.（改为同义句） That book is ______ ______ ______ this one. 7. Tom is 15. Mike is 15， too.（合并为一句） Tom is ______ ______ ______ Mike. 8. He is very tall. I am very tall， too.（合并为一句） He is ______ ______ ______ me. 9. Jim is 12 years old. Jack is 14 years old.（用比较级改写） Jack is ______ ______ Jim. 10. This mountain is 8，848 metres high.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ is this mountain？ Part 3 短文填空（用所给词的正确形式填空）（10题） The Grand Canyon is one of the most amazing natural wonders in the world. It is much 【1】______ （deep） than you can imagine. The Colorado River looks smaller and 【2】______ （small） as you look down from the top. The canyon is about 446 kilometres 【3】______ （long） and up to 29 kilometres wide. In fact， it is 【4】______ （big） than any other canyon in the United States. Many visitors say that the best time to visit the canyon is at sunrise. The colors become 【5】______ and 【6】______ （bright） as the sun rises. Some people think the canyon is even 【7】______ （beautiful） than a painting. Of all the natural wonders I have ever seen， the Grand Canyon is definitely the 【8】______ （impressive）. If you want to see something 【9】______ （amazing） than a movie， you must visit it. Nothing is 【10】______ （good） than experiencing it yourself. 【Level 3 · 挑战篇】（40题） Part 1 单句改错（10题） 下列各句中均有一处错误，请找出并改正。 1.Your pen is as cheap as him. 2.She is much happy than her sister. 3.This is the most good book I’ve ever read. 4. Which is bigger， a elephant or a tiger？ 5.Shanghai is one of the most famous city in China. 6. This apple is more bigger than that one. 7. He is the taller boy in our class. 8. The weather today is much good than yesterday. 9. Which is the most interesting， this book or that book？ 10. She is more careful than I. Part 2 翻译句子（10题） 1.他比我跑得快得多。 2. 这个故事比那个故事更有趣。 3. 上海是中国最大的城市之一。 4. 你学习越努力，成绩就会越好。 5. 春天的天气变得越来越暖和。 6. 黄河是中国第二长的河流。 7. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何其他山都高。 8. 这件外套不如那件贵。 9. 在她所有的朋友中，她是最友好的。 10.长城是世界上最著名的奇观之一。 Part 3 完形填空（10题） 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last summer， I went on a trip to the Grand Canyon with my family. It was one of the most amazing natural 【1】______ I had ever seen. When we arrived， I stood at the edge and looked down. The canyon was so deep that I couldn‘t see the bottom. The Colorado River looked like a small snake. It was much 【2】______ than I had expected. I thought I was looking at a painting， not a real place. My father told me that the Grand Canyon is about 446 kilometers long. “That’s 【3】______ than the distance from our city to the capital，” I said in surprise. “Yes，” he replied， “and in some places， it is more than 29 kilometers 【4】______.” After a long walk， we stopped to rest. My mother pointed to the other side of the canyon and said， “Look over there！ That rock looks 【5】______ than the one we saw before.” As the sun went down， the colors of the canyon became 【6】______ and 【7】. It was the 【8】 view I had ever seen. Of all the places I have visited， the Grand Canyon is 【9】______ impressive one. If you want to see something even 【10】______ than a movie， you must visit the Grand Canyon. Nothing can beat the feeling of standing there in person. 【1】A. wonder B. wonders C. wonderful D. wonderfully 【2】A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest 【3】A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 【4】A. wide B. wider C. widest D. the widest 【5】A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 【6】A. bright B. brighter C. brightest D. the brightest 【7】A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful 【8】A. good B. better C. best D. the best 【9】A. a B. an C. the D. / 【10】A. amazing B. more amazing C. most amazing D. the most amazing Part 4 综合语法填空（10题） 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Do you know which is the 【1】______ （large） desert in the world？ It is the Sahara Desert. It is much 【2】______ （big） than you can imagine. The Sahara covers about 9.2 million square kilometres. That is almost as 【3】______ （large） as the whole China！ The Sahara is also one of the 【4】______ （hot） places on Earth. The temperature can reach more than 50℃. However， at night， it can become much 【5】______ （cold） than during the day. “But is there anything interesting in the desert？” you may ask. Yes！ The desert is 【6】______ （beautiful） than people think. The sand dunes （沙丘） can be as 【7】______ （tall） as 180 metres. That is 【8】______ （high） than many buildings！ I have been to many places， but nothing is 【9】______ （exciting） than standing on top of a high sand dune in the Sahara. Of all the natural wonders I have ever seen， the Sahara is definitely one of the 【10】______ （amazing）. ✅ 参考答案 【Level 1 · 基础篇】 Part 1 写出比较级和最高级 题号 比较级 最高级 1 taller tallest 2 nicer nicest 3 happier happiest 4 bigger biggest 5 thinner thinnest 6 better best 7 worse worst 8 more most 9 less least 10 farther / further farthest / furthest 11 more interesting most interesting 12 more beautiful most beautiful 13 more careful most careful 14 better best 15 faster fastest 16 earlier earliest 17 hotter hottest 18 cheaper cheapest 19 heavier heaviest 20 lazier laziest Part 2 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. taller 2. happiest 3. longer 4. hottest 5. faster 6. the biggest 7. heavier  8. better 9. quieter 10. the most interesting Part 3 单项选择 1.A 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. B 【Level 2 · 提高篇】 Part 1 单项选择 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B  11. D 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C 16. B 17. B 18. C 19. C 20. B Part 2 句型转换 1.better； any other 2.two years older than / two years younger than 3.the least popular 4.ran faster than 5.taller； any other 6.more interesting than 7.as old as 8.as tall as 9.two years older than 10.How high Part 3 短文填空 1. deeper 2. smaller 3. long / longer 4. bigger 5. brighter  6. brighter 7. more beautiful 8. most impressive 9. more amazing 10. better 【Level 3 · 挑战篇】 Part 1 单句改错 1. him → his （比较对象不一致） 2. happy → happier （much修饰比较级） 3. most good → best （good为不规则变化） 4. a → an （elephant以元音音素开头） 5. city → cities （one of + 可数名词复数） 6. more bigger → much bigger （more不修饰比较级自身） 7. taller → tallest （三者及以上用最高级） 8. good → better （than前用比较级） 9. most → more （两者比较用比较级） 10. I → me （介词后用宾格） Part 2 翻译句子 1. He runs much faster than me / I do. 2. This story is more interesting than that one. 3. Shanghai is one of the biggest / largest cities in China. 4. The harder you study， the better grades you will get. 5. The weather is getting warmer and warmer in spring. 6. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 7. Mount Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 8. This coat is not as / so expensive as that one. 9. She is the friendliest of all her friends. 10. The Great Wall is one of the most famous wonders in the world. Part 3 完形填空 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. B Part 4 综合语法填空 1.largest 2. bigger 3. large 4. hottest 5. colder 6. more beautiful 7. tall 8. higher 9. more exciting 10. most amazing ✨ 使用建议 分层 目标学生 建议使用题量 重点关注 Level 1 基础较弱，对规则不熟悉 全部完成 规则变化 + 单项选择 Level 2 中等水平，需巩固提升 选择性完成 句型转换 + 短文填空 Level 3 基础扎实，挑战高分 全部完成 改错 + 翻译 + 完形 本讲义和练习严格依据人教版2024新教材八年级下册Unit 4 “The Wonders of Nature” 的核心语法点编制，将比较级、最高级、原级比较、大数字读写等内容融入自然奇观相关的语境中，既覆盖中考考点，又贴合新教材的教学要求。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $