内容正文:
衔接点02 现在进行时(小初考点差异及衔接)
小学视角
初中展望
1. 掌握现在进行时的基本用法。
2. 能识记常见标志词:now, look, listen, It's +时间。
3. 掌握基本结构:主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing。
4. 掌握现在分词 4 种变化规则。
5. 掌握现在进行时的句式变换:变否定句、变一般疑问句及回答。
6. 能对现在进行时句子进行简单的提问。
1. 拓展现在进行时的用法,辨识相关用法的标志词。
2. 掌握现在进行时表示将来计划的用法。
3. 掌握现在进行时与 always等副词连用,表示感情色彩的用法。
4. 能识别状态动词并根据语境选用正确时态。
5. 能在while引导的时间状语从句中正确使用现在进行时。
6. 深刻理解现在进行时与一般现在时的区别,并能根据语境灵活选用。
衔接引导
小学阶段:
1.小学阶段的教学侧重点在于帮助和引导学生:
· 了解现在进行时,掌握其基本用法,结构,能进行简单的句式变换和提问;
· 认识现在分词,掌握现在分词 4 种变化规则。
· 识记常见的标志词,通过标志词判断时态。
2. 小学阶段的试题设置和难度分析。
· 难度;从简单到适中。
· 考查内容:以基本结构、用法、句式变换和标志词为主。
· 题型:以词句题型为主,语篇考查的较少,题型有:
①单词题 ②单项选择题 ③填空题④句型转换题⑤连词成句题
初中阶段:
1. 初中阶段的教学侧重点在于帮助和引导学生:
· 拓展现在进行时的基本用法,掌握一些特殊用法,能熟练进行句式变换和提问。
· 深刻理解现在进行时的形式、结构和意义,并能根据上下文语境灵活判断和运用。
· 理解动词的特点,根据动词性质判断是否可以用进行时。
2. 初中阶段的试题设置和难度分析。
· 难度;较小学阶段有显著提高。
· 考查内容:以在语境中推理为主要考查方式,不再简单依赖标志词,内容拓展到特殊用法。
· 题型:除词句题型外,语篇题型明显增加,题型有:
①单项选择 ②完形填空 ③语法填空/短文填空 ④句型转换 ⑤写作中的场景描写
小学现在进行时考点梳理
考点一、现在进行时的定义与基本结构:
现在进行时表示现在(说话这一刻)正在发生的事情或动作。
它的基本结构是:主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式。
📌注意be动词根据主语进行选择使用,规则和一般现在时相同。
典例:I am doing my homework now. 我现在正在做作业。
Look! The bird is flying. 看!那只鸟在飞。
They are playing football on the playground. 他们正在操场上踢足球。
即学即练习
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
—What are you doing?
—I ________ (watch) TV.
2. 用am, is, are填空。
Listen! The girls ______ singing in the next room.
3. 改错。
My mother are cooking in the kitchen.
考点二、现在分词的变化规则:
情况
变化方法
例词
一般情况下
直接加 -ing
do→doing, play→playing, read→reading
以不发音的 e 结尾
去 e 再加 -ing
write→writing, dance→dancing, take→ taking
以“辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的重读闭音节
双写末尾辅音字母再加 -ing
run→running, swim→swimming, sit→ sitting
以 ie 结尾
变 ie 为 y 再加 -ing
lie → lying, die → dying
📌 小贴士:
双写规则只适用于重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词。小学阶段常见的需双写的词有:run, swim, sit, get, put, begin, stop 等。
典例:She is writing a letter. 她正在写信。
Look! The dog is running after the cat. 看!那只狗正在追猫。
He is swimming in the pool. 他正在游泳池里游泳。
即学即练习
1. 写出下列动词的-ing形式。
shop ________ ride ________
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空:
The boy is ______ (swim) in the pool.
3. 下列哪组动词的-ing形式变化规则相同?
A. listen, play B. have, sing C. put, make
考点三、现在进行时的标志词
小学阶段常见的现在进行时标志词有:now(现在)、at the moment(此刻)、look(看)、listen(听)、It's + 具体时间等。
典例:They are playing basketball now. 他们现在正在打篮球。
Listen! Someone is crying in the next room. 听!有人在隔壁房间哭。
Look at the picture. The boys are flying kites. 看这张图片。男孩们正在放风筝。
即学即练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. It's 7 o'clock in the evening. The Whites ______ (have) dinner.
2. Look! Some rabbits ______ (jump) happily.
二、单项选择。
3. — ______ the students doing? — They are reading.
A. What are B. What is C. Where are
考点四、现在进行时的句型转换:
句型
结构
示例
肯定句
主语 + be + v-ing
She is reading.她正在读书。
否定句
主语 + be + not + v-ing
She is not (isn't) reading.她没在读书。
一般疑问句
Be + 主语 + v-ing?
Yes, 主语 + be. / No, 主语 + be + not.
Is she reading?她正在读书吗?
Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.是的,她在读书。 / 不,她没在读书。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句?
What is he reading?他在读什么?
典例:肯定句:They are singing in the classroom.他们在教室里唱歌。
否定句:They are not (aren't) singing in the classroom. 他们不在教室里唱歌。
一般疑问句:—Are they singing in the classroom?他们在教室里唱歌吗?
—Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.是的,她们在唱歌。/ 不,她们没在唱歌。
特殊疑问句:The girls are singing in the room. (对画线部分提问)
→ What are the girls doing in the room?
Dad is reading in the study. (对画线部分提问)
→ Where is Dad reading?
即学即练习
1. The children are having a picnic. (将句子改为否定句)
The children ______ ______ a picnic.
2. He is watching TV. (将句子改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
—______ he watching TV? —Yes, ______ ______.
3. Lily is making the bed.(对画线部分提问)
4. They are playing games in the garden.(对画线部分提问)
二、连词成句:is, what, doing, the, cat (?)
易混易错和解决策略
错误点
针对策略
遗漏 be 动词
牢记口诀:“现在进行时,be 动不能离;主语不同 be 不同,I 用 am,you 用 are,is 跟着 he/she/it。”
现在分词变化出错
记口诀:“直接加,去 e 加,双写加,ie 变 y 加”。
记典型词:直接加:play, read 去 e 加:write, dance
双写加:run, swim ie 变 y 加:lie, die
与一般现在时混淆
做题先圈标志词,根据标志词,判断时态。
句型转换错误
记住步骤和要点:否定句be后加not;一般疑问句be提前,改问号;特殊疑问句,疑问词+一般疑问句。
【基础通关】
一、写出下列动词的现在分词。
1. have _________ 2. take _________
3. run _________ 4. swim _________
5. read _________ 6. talk _________
7. die _________ 8. lie _________
二、选词填空。
9.(24-25六年级上·江苏淮安·期中)Look, Yang Ling (tell / is telling) a story.
10.The lion is the meat. (bite / biting)
11.He can’t find his schoolbag. Now he (looks / is looking) for it.
12.Don’t talk loudly. Your father (sleeps / is sleeping)on the sofa.
13.Peter (chat / is chatting) with his e-friend in the bedroom now.
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
14.(25-26四年级上·江苏无锡·课后作业)I (be) coming! Wait for me for a moment.
15.(25-26四年级上·江苏·课后作业)The boys (be) running in the playground now.
16.(24-25六年级下·江苏扬州·期末)Look, Billy (swim).
17.(25-26五年级下·江苏盐城·期中)—Where is Jack?
—He (clean) the desk in his room.
18.(24-25五年级下·江苏淮安·期末)Look!My parents (make) a fruit salad together.
19.(24-25五年级下·江苏扬州·期末)The dress (not fit) her. She (try) on a new one.
20.(25-26四年级上·江苏苏州·期中)Hi, Mike. I’m (come).
【培优提升】
一、句型转换
21.(25-26五年级下·江苏盐城·期中)Mike usually watches TV at weekends. (用now替换at weekends改写句子)
Mike ______ ______ TV ______.
22.(25-26四年级下·江苏·课后作业)They do chores at home. (改为现在进行时)
They ______ ______ chores at home.
23.(24-25五年级下·江苏扬州·期末)They are reading some stories. (改为否定句)
They ______ ______ ______ books.
24.She is sweeping the floor now. (改为一般疑问句)
______________________________________________________
25.Is your sister cleaning the table in the kitchen? (作肯定回答)
Yes, ________ ________.
26.Are you(你) sweeping the floor? (作否定回答)
______, ______ ______.
27.Bobby and Sam are playing football.(对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________.
二、从方框中选择恰当的词,并用其适当形式填空,每个词或短语只能用一次。
dance visit sing eat sleep swim
28.—What is Tom doing?
—He in the swimming pool now.
29.Jim is a visitor from America. He China now.
30.Listen! Jenny in the music room.
31.Su Hai and Su Yang pineapples in the living room now.
32.They are singing and happily at the party.
33.Look! There is a cat on the swing. It’s .
初中现在进行时考点梳理
初中阶段对现在进行时的考查除了复习小学阶段的知识和考点外,在以下几个方面进行了扩展和深化:
考点一、从“此刻进行”到“现阶段进行”。
小学阶段基本用法是“表达现在(说话这一刻)正在发生的事情或动作”,初中扩展了新用法“表达现阶段正在持续进行的事情或行为,但说话的这一刻不一定是正在进行”。
小学已学(此刻)
初中新增(现阶段)
标志词:now, look, listen
标志词:these days (这些天)/ this week(这周) / this term (这学期)/ recently(最近)
例句:He is reading a book now.
例句:He is reading a book these days.
含义:说话这一刻正在做
含义:这段时间一直在做,此刻不一定在做
📌 没有标志词,怎么判断时态?
有时句子中没有明显的时间标志词,需要根据上下文和情境来判断。
例:—Where is Tom? Tom在哪?
—He is taking a shower in the bathroom. 他正在浴室里洗澡。
典例示范
一、用所给词的适当形式填空,并判断句子表达的是“此刻”还是“现阶段”。
1. Look! The cat __________ (sleep) on the sofa.(此刻 / 现阶段)
2. She __________ (learn) to play the piano this month.(此刻 / 现阶段)
3. Be quiet! Dad __________ (work) in the study. (此刻 / 现阶段)
4. They __________ (build) a new library near our school recently. (此刻 / 现阶段)
【答案】 1. is sleeping 此刻 2. is learning 现阶段 3. is working 此刻 4. are building 现阶段
二、根据上下文填空。
1. I usually get up at 7, but this week I __________ (get) up at 6:30.
2. —Can you come out to play? —Sorry, I __________ (do) my homework.
3. My brother __________ (study) Chinese history this term.
【答案】1. am getting 2. am doing 3. is studying
即学即练习
1. My brother is very busy. He ________ (prepare) for an important exam this week.
2. I usually cook at home, but I ________ (take) a cooking class on weekends recently to improve my skills.
3. They ________ (write) a novel these days. It's about their travel experiences.
考点二、现在进行时表将来
小学已学
初中新增
典型词:come(数量较少)
典型词:go, leave, arrive, fly, start, move等(数量较多)
例句:I’m coming!(我来了)
例句:The bus is arriving in two minutes.公交车两分钟后到。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天动身去北京。
一些表示位置移动的动词(以上列举的典型词汇),用它们的现在进行时,可以表示一个按计划、安排即将发生的动作,常与将来时间状语连用,如tomorrow, next week, this afternoon等。
对比:
1. I will leave for Shanghai next week. 我下周将前往上海。(只是陈述将来的一个事实行为)
→ I am leaving for Shanghai next week. 我计划下周将前往上海。(已经计划安排好了的行程)
2. They will move to a new house this month.他们这个月将搬进新房子。(只是陈述将来的一个事实行为)
→ They are moving to a new house this month.他们计划这个月要搬到新房子里去。(已经计划安排好了的行程)
典例示范
一、根据情境,用现在进行时完成句子
1. 你的航班是下周一上午8点。
I __________ (leave) next Monday morning.
2. 你和朋友约好周五晚上见面。
We __________ (meet) at 7 pm on Friday.
3. 学校下周三举办运动会。
The sports meet __________ (start) next Wednesday.
【答案】 1. am leaving 2. are meeting 3. is starting
即学即练习
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Hurry up! The bus ______ (come). We can't miss it.
二、单项选择题。
1. I'm going to the airport. My cousin ______ this afternoon.
A. arriving B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arriving
三、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 他们下个月要搬到新家去。
They ______ ______ to a new house next month.
考点三、与always连用表达感情色彩。
小学
初中
现在进行时单独使用。
现在进行时+ always 连用
客观描述事实,不带感情色彩
表达强烈的感情色彩,如赞扬、惊讶、不耐烦或抱怨。
I am watching TV now.我现在正在看电视。
I am reading a novel these days.这些天我在读一本小说。
My little sister is always sharing her snacks with me. (我小妹妹总是把她的零食分给我。—— 赞扬)
He is always leaving his dirty socks on the floor. (他总是把他的脏袜子丢在地板上。—— 抱怨)
典例示范
一、根据语境填空。
1. Lily is a good girl. She ______ (always, help) old people.(赞扬)
2. I'm angry. Bobby ______ (always, make) noise in class.(抱怨)
【答案】 1. is always helping 2. is always making
即学即练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Our English teacher is great. She ______ (always, encourage) us to think creatively.
2. You ________ (always, leave) your things everywhere. Please put them away.
二、按要求改写句子。
2. My brother always loses his keys. I'm really annoyed. (将句子改为能表达厌烦情绪的说法)
____________________________________________.
考点四、不能用于进行时的动词
英语中有些动词描述的是静止的状态而非动作,这些动词通常不用现在进行时。
例如:The music sounds beautiful. (✔) The music is sounding beautiful. (✘)
I know him. (✔) I am knowing him. (✘)
She has a new car. (✔) She is having a new car. (✘)
动词类别
常见动词
例句
状态动词(不可用进行时)
感官动词
see, hear, smell, taste, sound, feel等
心理状态动词
know, think(认为), believe, forget, want, remember, understand, love、like等
所属/关系动词
have(有), own, belong to等
动作动词(可用进行时)
表达动作行为的动词
run, eat, write, swim…
📌 特别提醒:有些动词可以用于表达静态的状态,也可以表达动态的动作,具体用什么时态,要根据具体的意境选择。
I think he is right. (认为,静态) → I am thinking about the problem. (考虑,动作,可用进行时)
She has a brother. (有,静态) → She is having dinner. (吃,动作,可用进行时)
典例:— Do you know the answer? 你知道答案吗?
— Sorry, I don't know. 对不起,我不知道
Look! The chef is tasting the soup. 看!厨师正在品尝汤。(厨师正在尝汤的味道,taste表示“品尝”这一动作,可用进行时)
典例示范
一、判断正误,正确写T,错误写F并改正
1. I am understanding the question now. ( )
2. Do you believe his story? ( )
3. She is remembering my name. ( )
4. We are having dinner. ( )
【答案】1. F → I understand the question now. 2. T
3. F → She remembers my name. 4. T(have dinner是动作,可用进行时)
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I ________ (think) you are a kind person.
2. Be quiet! I ________ (think) about the math problem.
【答案】 1. think 2. am thinking
即学即练习
一、改错。
1. Are you wanting a glass of water?
___________________________?
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. This piece of cake ______ (taste) delicious. I love it!
三、判断正误,如果正确写T,错误写F并改正
1. — What's the noise?
—The children are having fun outside. ( )
考点五、现在进行时与一般现在时的辨析
不能简单的只看标志词,而要去深刻理解动作的时间属性。
时态
用法
常见时间状语
一般现在时
1. 经常性、习惯性的动作
often, usually, every day, sometimes, never
2. 客观真理、事实
3. 主语当前的性格、能力等
现在进行时
1. 说话时正在进行的动作
now, look, listen, at the moment, these days, this term
2. 现阶段暂时的动作或状态
典例:He usually plays basketball after school, but now he is swimming.他通常放学后打篮球,但现在正在游泳。
My father works in a bank, but this month he is teaching in a training center.我父亲在银行工作,但这个月他正在一个培训中心教课。
典例示范
一、根据语境填空。
1. I usually __________ (walk) to school, but this week I __________ (take) the bus because my leg hurts.
2. She __________ (read) a book every night. Tonight she __________ (read) a new story.
3. They __________ (live) in Nanjing, but this month they __________ (stay) in Shanghai for a project.
4. —Look! The girls ________ (dance) beautifully. —Yes, they often ________ (dance) in the park on Sundays.
【答案】1. walk, am taking 2. reads, is reading 3. live, are staying 4. are dancing, dance
即学即练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. —Where is Mr. Green?
—He ______ (have) a meeting in the office. He often ______ (have) meetings on Monday.
2. I ______ (study) for the English exam these days. I hope to get a good grade.
二、单项选择。
1. It's 8 a.m. Tom usually ______ breakfast at 7, but he ______ it now.
A. has, still has B. is having, is having C. has, is still having D. is having, has
考点六、现在进行时在while引导的时间状语从句中的运用。
(1)主句和从句都用现在进行时,表示主句和从句的动作同时发生,强调“一边……一边,都在进行,都在持续”。
典例:While I am cooking, my husband is cleaning the house.我做饭的时候,我丈夫在打扫房子。(两者动作同时发生)
(2)主句用一般现在时,while引导的从句用现在进行时,表示在从句的动作发生时,主句通常发生的动作,这里while引导的从句是作为主句行为动作的背景。
典例:I often read while he is watching TV.(主句“我经常阅读”是习惯,发生在“他正在看电视”这个背景时间段内。)
典例示范
一、用while合并句子。
1. Dad is cooking dinner. Mum is setting the table.
2. The cat is sleeping. The dog is running around.
3. Tom is doing his homework. His friend is waiting for him.
【答案】
1. While Dad is cooking dinner, Mum is setting the table. / Mum is setting the table while Dad is cooking dinner.
2. While the cat is sleeping, the dog is running around. / The dog is running around while the cat is sleeping,
3. While Tom is doing his homework, his friend is waiting for him. / His friend is waiting for him while Tom is doing his homework.
二、用括号中单词的适当形式填空。
1. The cat ________ (enjoy) sitting on my lap while I ________ (work) on the computer.
2. Listen! Someone ________ (knock) at the door while the baby ________ (cry).
【答案】 1. enjoys; am working 2. is knocking; is crying
即学即练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. My brother always ________ (play) with his phone while he ________ (wait) for the bus.
二、用while合并句子。
I am reading a book. My sister is watching TV.
______________________________________.
易混易错和解决策略
错误点
针对策略
现阶段持续动作与一般现在时混淆
一般现在时 → 长期习惯/事实。 现在进行时 → 暂时阶段
记标志词:these days/this week/this term
位移动词表将来时漏用或滥用
触发条件:“三有”。①有位移动词
②有计划安排
③有将来时间(come可不带将来时间)
与always连用忽略感情色彩
牢记:进行时 + always = 情绪(不表习惯)。
静态动词误用进行时
口诀:“状态动词不用ing,表示动作才进行,have dinner可以ing。”
归类记忆:心里想(think认为)、感官、拥有(have有) 一般不用进行时。
while从句时态呼应错误
口诀:“while前后看动作,同时发生双进行,习惯背景从进行。”
【基础通关】
一、选择题
1.(25-26五年级下·江苏盐城·期中)Look! My parents _________ some jiaozi in the kitchen.
A.is making B.are making C.make
2.(24-25五年级下·江苏扬州·期末)It’s seven o’clock in the evening. Tom’s mother _______ a book about clothes.
A.reads B.is watching C.is reading
3.(24-25六年级上·江苏无锡·期末)Someone ______ smoking in the room. Can you _____ it?
A.is; smells B.are; smell C.is; smell
4.(24-25五年级下·江苏扬州·期末)—Does Jenny usually ________ her mother do housework?
—Yes. Look! She ________ the flowers.
A.help; watering B.helps; waters C.help; is watering
5.(25-26六年级上·江苏苏州·期中)—Mum, who ______ you ______ to?
—Shh! I’m on the phone.
A.did; speak B.were; speak C.do; speak D.are; speaking
6.(24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·单元测试)—Where are Kitty and Sandy?
—They ________ for the final examination (期末考试) these days.
A.prepare B.are preparing C.will prepare D.prepares
7.(24-25七年级·江苏·课后作业)My father ______ in a shop, but he ______ there these days.
A.works; isn’t working B.is working; works
C.works; not works D.is work; doesn’t work
8.(24-25七年级·江苏·专题练习)Why ________ you always ________ late for class?
A.did; come B.are; coming C.was; come D.are; come
9.(25-26七年级下·江苏·单元测试)Hurry up! The train ________. We’ll be late.
A.leaves B.has left C.left D.is leaving
10.Mary always makes careful notes while she ________.
A.is read B.will read C.has read D.is reading
二、填空题。
11.(24-25六年级上·江苏无锡·期末)Smell! Who (cook) nice food?
12.(25-26六年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)They (tell) a story now.
13.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·单元测试)—Where is Tom?
—He ________ (lie) on the beach, enjoying the sun.
14.(25-26七年级上·江苏无锡·阶段检测)No one answers my phone. Maybe Sandy with her workers ________ (have) a meeting.
15.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)Tom is busy because he _________ (work) on a plan to Wuxi these days.
16.My mother often ________ (make) phone calls while she ________ (cook).
17. —Why are you so angry? —My little brother ________ (always, ask) me silly questions.
18. It's 9 p.m. My father ________ (watch) the news on TV while my mother ________ (water) the flowers in the garden.
【培优提升】
一、句型转换
19.(2025·江苏南通·小升初模拟)Mike watched TV in the bedroom just now. (用now改写句子)
Mike ___________ ___________ TV in the bedroom now.
20.(24-25五年级下·江苏盐城·期末)My grandma is growing flowers now. (对划线部分提问)
_____ your grandma _____ now?
21.(24-25七年级下·江苏南通·单元测试)The students are singing and dancing happily on the stage.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the students singing and dancing happily?
22.(24-25七年级下·江苏盐城·课后作业)They are studying Mars because they want to find life there.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ they studying Mars?
23.He is having breakfast. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
—________ he ________ breakfast?
—Yes, ________ ________.
24.She is washing her clothes. (改为否定句)
She ________ ________ ________ her clothes.
25.Do you swim on Sundays? (用now改为现在进行时)
________ you ________ now?
26.—________ ________ ________ ________?(写出问句)
—They are having dinner.
二、选词填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
now, play, run, we, is
Look! It’s a sunny afternoon 27 . My friends and I are in the park. We are having a great time. Linda 28 flying a kite. The kite is high in the sky. Tom and Jim are 29 football on the grass. I’m not playing football because I don’t like it. I’m sitting under a tree with my cat. It’s sleeping quietly.
Some other friends are near the lake. They are 30 after ducks. Everyone looks happy. 31 love this kind of weekend—no homework, just fun and games.
三、短文填空
根据短文内容,用括号中所给单词的适当形式补全短文。
My family are preparing for the Spring Festival at the moment.
My sisters dance on Saturdays, but now they 32 (not dance). They are writing couplets (对联) and 33 (put) them up on both sides of the door. Dad usually 34 (exercise) at weekends, but now he isn’t exercising. He 35 (paint) the door to welcome the new year. What is Mum doing? She 36 (shop) for some new clothes for us. How about Grandma? She 37 (make) dumplings and getting ready for the family reunion (团圆) dinner.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$衔接点02 现在进行时(小初考点差异及衔接)
小学视角
初中展望
1. 掌握现在进行时的基本用法。
2. 能识记常见标志词:now, look, listen, It's +时间。
3. 掌握基本结构:主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing。
4. 掌握现在分词 4 种变化规则。
5. 掌握现在进行时的句式变换:变否定句、变一般疑问句及回答。
6. 能对现在进行时句子进行简单的提问。
1. 拓展现在进行时的用法,辨识相关用法的标志词。
2. 掌握现在进行时表示将来计划的用法。
3. 掌握现在进行时与 always等副词连用,表示感情色彩的用法。
4. 能识别状态动词并根据语境选用正确时态。
5. 能在while引导的时间状语从句中正确使用现在进行时。
6. 深刻理解现在进行时与一般现在时的区别,并能根据语境灵活选用。
衔接引导
小学阶段:
1.小学阶段的教学侧重点在于帮助和引导学生:
· 了解现在进行时,掌握其基本用法,结构,能进行简单的句式变换和提问;
· 认识现在分词,掌握现在分词 4 种变化规则。
· 识记常见的标志词,通过标志词判断时态。
2. 小学阶段的试题设置和难度分析。
· 难度;从简单到适中。
· 考查内容:以基本结构、用法、句式变换和标志词为主。
· 题型:以词句题型为主,语篇考查的较少,题型有:
①单词题 ②单项选择题 ③填空题④句型转换题⑤连词成句题
初中阶段:
1. 初中阶段的教学侧重点在于帮助和引导学生:
· 拓展现在进行时的基本用法,掌握一些特殊用法,能熟练进行句式变换和提问。
· 深刻理解现在进行时的形式、结构和意义,并能根据上下文语境灵活判断和运用。
· 理解动词的特点,根据动词性质判断是否可以用进行时。
2. 初中阶段的试题设置和难度分析。
· 难度;较小学阶段有显著提高。
· 考查内容:以在语境中推理为主要考查方式,不再简单依赖标志词,内容拓展到特殊用法。
· 题型:除词句题型外,语篇题型明显增加,题型有:
①单项选择 ②完形填空 ③语法填空/短文填空 ④句型转换 ⑤写作中的场景描写
小学现在进行时考点梳理
考点一、现在进行时的定义与基本结构:
现在进行时表示现在(说话这一刻)正在发生的事情或动作。
它的基本结构是:主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式。
📌注意be动词根据主语进行选择使用,规则和一般现在时相同。
典例:I am doing my homework now. 我现在正在做作业。
Look! The bird is flying. 看!那只鸟在飞。
They are playing football on the playground. 他们正在操场上踢足球。
即学即练习
1. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
—What are you doing?
—I ________ (watch) TV.
【答案】 am watching
【解析】句意:—你在做什么?—我在看电视。问句问“你正在做什么”,答句应用现在进行时。主语 I,be动词用 am,watch 直接加 -ing。
2. 用am, is, are填空。
Listen! The girls ______ singing in the next room.
【答案】are
【解析】句意:听!女孩们正在隔壁房间唱歌。“Listen!”提示句子时态为现在进行时,主语the girls是复数,故be动词用are。
3. 改错。
My mother are cooking in the kitchen.
【答案】are 改为 is
【解析】句意:我妈妈正在厨房做饭。My mother是第三人称单数,be动词应用is。
考点二、现在分词的变化规则:
情况
变化方法
例词
一般情况下
直接加 -ing
do→doing, play→playing, read→reading
以不发音的 e 结尾
去 e 再加 -ing
write→writing, dance→dancing, take→ taking
以“辅音+元音+辅音”结尾的重读闭音节
双写末尾辅音字母再加 -ing
run→running, swim→swimming, sit→ sitting
以 ie 结尾
变 ie 为 y 再加 -ing
lie → lying, die → dying
📌 小贴士:
双写规则只适用于重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词。小学阶段常见的需双写的词有:run, swim, sit, get, put, begin, stop 等。
典例:She is writing a letter. 她正在写信。
Look! The dog is running after the cat. 看!那只狗正在追猫。
He is swimming in the pool. 他正在游泳池里游泳。
即学即练习
1. 写出下列动词的-ing形式。
shop ________ ride ________
【答案】shopping riding。
【解析】shop是重读闭音节,双写p加-ing;ride以不发音e结尾,去e加-ing。
2. 用所给词的适当形式填空:
The boy is ______ (swim) in the pool.
【答案】swimming
【解析】句意:这个男孩正在游泳池里游泳。句子时态为为现在进行时,swim是重读闭音节,需双写m加-ing。
3. 下列哪组动词的-ing形式变化规则相同?
A. listen, play B. have, sing C. put, make
【答案】A
【解析】A组都是直接加-ing;B组have是去e加-ing(having),sing是直接加-ing;C组put是双写加-ing(putting),make是去e加-ing(making)。
考点三、现在进行时的标志词
小学阶段常见的现在进行时标志词有:now(现在)、at the moment(此刻)、look(看)、listen(听)、It's + 具体时间等。
典例:They are playing basketball now. 他们现在正在打篮球。
Listen! Someone is crying in the next room. 听!有人在隔壁房间哭。
Look at the picture. The boys are flying kites. 看这张图片。男孩们正在放风筝。
即学即练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. It's 7 o'clock in the evening. The Whites ______ (have) dinner.
【答案】are having。
【解析】句意:现在是晚上7点。怀特一家正在吃晚饭。由“It's 7 o'clock”可知,句子时态为现在进行时,主语The Whites指一家人,是复数,故填用are having。
2. Look! Some rabbits ______ (jump) happily.
【答案】are jumping。
【解析】句意:看!一些兔子正在快乐地跳跃。由“Look!”可知动作正在进行,rabbits是复数,用are jumping。
二、单项选择。
3. — ______ the students doing? — They are reading.
A. What are B. What is C. Where are
【答案】A
【解析】句意:—学生们在做什么?—他们在读书。根据答语“They are reading.”可知问句在问“学生们正在做什么”,主语students是复数,be动词用are。
考点四、现在进行时的句型转换:
句型
结构
示例
肯定句
主语 + be + v-ing
She is reading.她正在读书。
否定句
主语 + be + not + v-ing
She is not (isn't) reading.她没在读书。
一般疑问句
Be + 主语 + v-ing?
Yes, 主语 + be. / No, 主语 + be + not.
Is she reading?她正在读书吗?
Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.是的,她在读书。 / 不,她没在读书。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句?
What is he reading?他在读什么?
典例:肯定句:They are singing in the classroom.他们在教室里唱歌。
否定句:They are not (aren't) singing in the classroom. 他们不在教室里唱歌。
一般疑问句:—Are they singing in the classroom?他们在教室里唱歌吗?
—Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.是的,她们在唱歌。/ 不,她们没在唱歌。
特殊疑问句:The girls are singing in the room. (对画线部分提问)
→ What are the girls doing in the room?
Dad is reading in the study. (对画线部分提问)
→ Where is Dad reading?
即学即练习
1. The children are having a picnic. (将句子改为否定句)
The children ______ ______ a picnic.
【答案】aren't having
【解析】原句“ The children are having a picnic.”为现在进行时态的句子,变否定句,直接在be动词are后加not,are not缩写为aren't,having保持不变。
2. He is watching TV. (将句子改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
—______ he watching TV? —Yes, ______ ______.
【答案】Is he is
【解析】原句“He is watching TV.”为现在进行时态的句子,变一般疑问句,直接将be动词is提至句首,并且首字母变大写,主语he不变。肯定回答用Yes, he is.
3. Lily is making the bed.(对画线部分提问)
【答案】What is Lily doing?
【解析】原句的时态是现在进行时,画线部分是表示动作,对动作提问用What,将is提到主语之前,去掉making the bed,换上doing。
4. They are playing games in the garden.(对画线部分提问)
【答案】Where are they playing games?
【解析】原句的时态是现在进行时,画线部分是表示地点,对地点提问用Where,将are提到主语之前,其他保持不变。
二、连词成句:is, what, doing, the, cat (?)
【答案】What is the cat doing?
【解析】特殊疑问句结构:疑问词 + be + 主语 + doing?
易混易错和解决策略
错误点
针对策略
遗漏 be 动词
牢记口诀:“现在进行时,be 动不能离;主语不同 be 不同,I 用 am,you 用 are,is 跟着 he/she/it。”
现在分词变化出错
记口诀:“直接加,去 e 加,双写加,ie 变 y 加”。
记典型词:直接加:play, read 去 e 加:write, dance
双写加:run, swim ie 变 y 加:lie, die
与一般现在时混淆
做题先圈标志词,根据标志词,判断时态。
句型转换错误
记住步骤和要点:否定句be后加not;一般疑问句be提前,改问号;特殊疑问句,疑问词+一般疑问句。
【基础通关】
一、写出下列动词的现在分词。
1. have _________ 2. take _________
3. run _________ 4. swim _________
5. read _________ 6. talk _________
7. die _________ 8. lie _________
【答案】1. having 2. taking 3. running 4. swimming 5. reading 6. talking 7. dying 8. lying
二、选词填空。
9.(24-25六年级上·江苏淮安·期中)Look, Yang Ling (tell / is telling) a story.
【答案】is telling
【详解】句意:看,杨玲正在讲一个故事。本题考查动词的形式。由Look可知句子时态为现在进行时,其结构为主语+be+动词的现在分词+其他。主语为第三人称单数,be动词用is,动词tell要用现在分词telling,故答案为is telling。
10.The lion is the meat. (bite / biting)
【答案】biting
【详解】句意:狮子正在咬肉。本题考查动词的形式。根据空前is可知该空用动词的现在分词构成现在进行时,bite咬,其动词的现在分词是biting,故答案为biting。
11.He can’t find his schoolbag. Now he (looks / is looking) for it.
【答案】is looking
【详解】句意:他找不到他的书包。现在他正在找它。根据now可知本题考查现在进行时,现在进行时的结构为:be+动词的现在分词,故答案为is looking。
12.Don’t talk loudly. Your father (sleeps / is sleeping)on the sofa.
【答案】is sleeping
【详解】句意:不要大声说话。你的爸爸正在沙发上睡觉。本题考查时态辨析。sleeps睡觉,用于主语是三单的一般现在时,is sleeping正在睡觉,是现在进行时。根据句意可知句子是现在进行时,结构为be动词+动词的现在分词,故答案为is sleeping。
13.Peter (chat / is chatting) with his e-friend in the bedroom now.
【答案】is chatting
【详解】句意:皮特现在和他的电子朋友在卧室聊天。根据now可知本题考查现在进行时,结构为:be+动词的现在分词,主语是Peter,be动词用第三人称单数is,现在分词为chatting。故答案为is chatting。
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
14.(25-26四年级上·江苏无锡·课后作业)I (be) coming! Wait for me for a moment.
【答案】am
【详解】句意:我马上就来!等我一下。本题考查be动词作助动词。句子是现在进行时态,结构为:be+现在分词。主语为第一人称I,be动词用am,故答案为am。
15.(25-26四年级上·江苏·课后作业)The boys (be) running in the playground now.
【答案】are
【详解】句意:男孩们现在正在操场上跑步。本题考查现在进行时的主谓一致。句子中的时间状语“now”表明动作正在进行,需用现在进行时(be动词+动词的现在分词)。主语“The boys”为复数,对应的be动词应为复数形式“are”。故答案为are。
16.(24-25六年级下·江苏扬州·期末)Look, Billy (swim).
【答案】is swimming
【详解】句意:看,比利在游泳。本题考查be动词作助动词和动词的形式。句子以“Look”开头,提示动作正在发生,需用现在进行时,用be动词+动词现在分词。主语“Billy”是第三人称单数,be动词用is,动词swim的现在分词为swimming故答案为is swimming。
17.(25-26五年级下·江苏盐城·期中)—Where is Jack?
—He (clean) the desk in his room.
【答案】is cleaning
【详解】句意:—杰克在哪里?—他在房间里擦桌子。此时表示杰克正在房间打扫卫生,句子用现在进行时,结构是be+动词的现在分词。主语是第三人称单数He,be动词用is,后接动词clean的现在分词cleaning。
18.(24-25五年级下·江苏淮安·期末)Look!My parents (make) a fruit salad together.
【答案】are making
【详解】句意:看!我的父母正在一起做水果沙拉。本题考查现在进行时的用法。句子以Look!开头,提示动作正在发生,需用现在进行时,结构为be动词+动词现在分词。主语My parents为复数,be动词用are,动词make的现在分词为making。故答案为are making。
19.(24-25五年级下·江苏扬州·期末)The dress (not fit) her. She (try) on a new one.
【答案】 doesn’t fit is trying
【详解】句意:这条裙子不适合她。她正在试穿一件新的。本题考查一般现在时和现在进行时的用法。第一句在陈述事实,句子为一般现在时,第一空主语The dress是第三人称单数,fit是实义动词,否定形式需用助动词doesn’t,其后跟动词原形。第二空描述因裙子不合适而正在进行的动作,需用现在进行时(be动词+动词-ing),She对应be动词is,故填is trying。故答案为doesn’t fit;is trying。
20.(25-26四年级上·江苏苏州·期中)Hi, Mike. I’m (come).
【答案】coming
【详解】句意:你好,迈克。我来了。本题考查动词的形式,come来,是动词原形,该句时态为现在进行时,结构为:be+现在分词,come的现在分词是coming,故答案为coming。
【培优提升】
一、句型转换
21.(25-26五年级下·江苏盐城·期中)Mike usually watches TV at weekends. (用now替换at weekends改写句子)
Mike ______ ______ TV ______.
【答案】 is watching now
【详解】句意:迈克通常在周末看电视。原句是一般现在时的陈述句,用now替换at weekends,句子用现在进行时,用be加doing表示。主语是第三人称单数Mike,be动词用is,后接动词现在分词。watches改为watching。时间副词now替换at weekends。
22.(25-26四年级下·江苏·课后作业)They do chores at home. (改为现在进行时)
They ______ ______ chores at home.
【答案】 are doing
【详解】原句句意:他们在家做家务。句子是一般现在时,要求改为现在进行时,现在进行时结构为:be+现在分词。主语They是复数,be动词用are,do的现在分词为doing。
23.(24-25五年级下·江苏扬州·期末)They are reading some stories. (改为否定句)
They ______ ______ ______ books.
【答案】 aren’t reading any
【详解】原句句意:他们正在读一些故事。本题考查句型转换,根据题干要求,句子要改为否定句,be动词后加not,are not缩写为aren’t,肯定句中的some在否定句中改为any,其他不变,故答案为aren’t,reading,any。
24.She is sweeping the floor now. (改为一般疑问句)
______________________________________________________
【答案】Is she sweeping the floor now?
【详解】原句句意:她现在正在扫地。本题考查句型转换。现在进行时的陈述句,改为一般疑问句,把be提前,故答案为Is she sweeping the floor now?
25.Is your sister cleaning the table in the kitchen? (作肯定回答)
Yes, ________ ________.
【答案】 she is
【详解】原句句意:你姐姐/妹妹正在厨房里清理桌子吗?本题考查一般疑问句的答语,is引导的一般疑问句,主语是your sister,肯定回答是Yes, she is. 故答案为she,is。
26.Are you(你) sweeping the floor? (作否定回答)
______, ______ ______.
【答案】 No I’m not
【详解】原句句意:你在扫地吗?一般疑问句用yes或no回答,问句主语是you(你),答语主语用I,否定回答是No, I'm not. 故答案为No,I'm,not。
27.Bobby and Sam are playing football.(对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________.
【答案】What are Bobby and Sam doing?
【详解】本句为现在进行时,划线的内容为playing football踢足球,提问就是做什么,所以特殊疑问词为what,故答案为:What are Bobby and Sam doing?
二、从方框中选择恰当的词,并用其适当形式填空,每个词或短语只能用一次。
dance visit sing eat sleep swim
28.—What is Tom doing?
—He in the swimming pool now.
29.Jim is a visitor from America. He China now.
30.Listen! Jenny in the music room.
31.Su Hai and Su Yang pineapples in the living room now.
32.They are singing and happily at the party.
33.Look! There is a cat on the swing. It’s .
【答案】28.is swimming 29.is visiting 30.is singing 31.are eating 32.dancing 33.sleeping
【解析】28.句意:—汤姆在做什么?—他现在在游泳池______。根据句意,可知swim游泳,符合题意,句子为现在进行时态,be doing结构,主语He是第三人称单数,be动词用is,swim现在分词为swimming。故答案为is swimming。
29.句意:吉姆是来自美国的游客。他现在______中国。根据句意,可知visit游览,符合题意。根据句意和now现在,可知句子为现在进行时态,be doing结构,主语He是第三人称单数,be动词用is,visit的现在分词为visiting。故答案为is visiting。
30.句意:听!珍妮在音乐教室______。根据句意,可知sing唱歌,符合题意。句子为现在进行时态,be doing结构。主语Jenny是第三人称单数,be动词用is,sing的现在分词为singing。故答案为is singing。
31.句意:苏海和苏阳现在在客厅_____菠萝。根据句意,可知eat吃,符合题意。句子为现在进行时态,be doing结构。主语Su Hai and Su Yang是第三人称复数,be动词用are,eat的现在分词为eating。故答案为are eating。
32.句意:他们正在聚会上开心地唱歌和______。根据句意,可知dance跳舞,符合题意。句子为现在进行时态,be doing结构,该空应填dance的现在分词dancing。故答案为dancing。
33.句意:看!秋千上有一只猫。它在_____。根据句意,可知sleep睡觉,符合题意。根据句意及横线前的be动词,可知句子为现在进行时态,be doing结构,sleep的现在分词为sleeping。故答案为sleeping。
初中现在进行时考点梳理
初中阶段对现在进行时的考查除了复习小学阶段的知识和考点外,在以下几个方面进行了扩展和深化:
考点一、从“此刻进行”到“现阶段进行”。
小学阶段基本用法是“表达现在(说话这一刻)正在发生的事情或动作”,初中扩展了新用法“表达现阶段正在持续进行的事情或行为,但说话的这一刻不一定是正在进行”。
小学已学(此刻)
初中新增(现阶段)
标志词:now, look, listen
标志词:these days (这些天)/ this week(这周) / this term (这学期)/ recently(最近)
例句:He is reading a book now.
例句:He is reading a book these days.
含义:说话这一刻正在做
含义:这段时间一直在做,此刻不一定在做
📌 没有标志词,怎么判断时态?
有时句子中没有明显的时间标志词,需要根据上下文和情境来判断。
例:—Where is Tom? Tom在哪?
—He is taking a shower in the bathroom. 他正在浴室里洗澡。
典例示范
一、用所给词的适当形式填空,并判断句子表达的是“此刻”还是“现阶段”。
1. Look! The cat __________ (sleep) on the sofa.(此刻 / 现阶段)
2. She __________ (learn) to play the piano this month.(此刻 / 现阶段)
3. Be quiet! Dad __________ (work) in the study. (此刻 / 现阶段)
4. They __________ (build) a new library near our school recently. (此刻 / 现阶段)
【答案】 1. is sleeping 此刻 2. is learning 现阶段 3. is working 此刻 4. are building 现阶段
二、根据上下文填空。
1. I usually get up at 7, but this week I __________ (get) up at 6:30.
2. —Can you come out to play? —Sorry, I __________ (do) my homework.
3. My brother __________ (study) Chinese history this term.
【答案】1. am getting 2. am doing 3. is studying
即学即练习
1. My brother is very busy. He ________ (prepare) for an important exam this week.
【答案】 is preparing
【解析】句意:我哥哥很忙。他正在为本周的一场重要考试做准备。“this week (这周) ”提示,句子表达的是当前阶段的一个持续进行的行为,用现在进行时,主语为“He”。故填is preparing。
2. I usually cook at home, but I ________ (take) a cooking class on weekends recently to improve my skills.
【答案】 am taking
【解析】句意:我通常在家做饭,但最近为了提升厨艺,我周末去上烹饪课。“最近”(recently) 和“在周末”指明了行为发生的现阶段。“上烹饪课”是近期增加的、规律性的活动,用现在进行时表示此阶段性安排,主语为“I”。故填am taking。
3. They ________ (write) a novel these days. It's about their travel experiences.
【答案】 are writing
【解析】句意:她们这些天正在写一本小说。这本小说是关于她们的旅行经历的。“these days (这些天) ”表示一个近期的、持续的阶段。“写小说”是一个需要时间的持续性行为,用现在进行时表示近期的一个正在进行的持续行为,主语为“They”,故填are writing。
考点二、现在进行时表将来
小学已学
初中新增
典型词:come(数量较少)
典型词:go, leave, arrive, fly, start, move等(数量较多)
例句:I’m coming!(我来了)
例句:The bus is arriving in two minutes.公交车两分钟后到。
I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天动身去北京。
一些表示位置移动的动词(以上列举的典型词汇),用它们的现在进行时,可以表示一个按计划、安排即将发生的动作,常与将来时间状语连用,如tomorrow, next week, this afternoon等。
对比:
1. I will leave for Shanghai next week. 我下周将前往上海。(只是陈述将来的一个事实行为)
→ I am leaving for Shanghai next week. 我计划下周将前往上海。(已经计划安排好了的行程)
2. They will move to a new house this month.他们这个月将搬进新房子。(只是陈述将来的一个事实行为)
→ They are moving to a new house this month.他们计划这个月要搬到新房子里去。(已经计划安排好了的行程)
典例示范
一、根据情境,用现在进行时完成句子
1. 你的航班是下周一上午8点。
I __________ (leave) next Monday morning.
2. 你和朋友约好周五晚上见面。
We __________ (meet) at 7 pm on Friday.
3. 学校下周三举办运动会。
The sports meet __________ (start) next Wednesday.
【答案】 1. am leaving 2. are meeting 3. is starting
即学即练习
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Hurry up! The bus ______ (come). We can't miss it.
【答案】is coming
【解析】句意: 快点!公交车要来了。我们不能错过。由“Hurry up!”可知车马上要来,come的进行时表示即将到来。
二、单项选择题。
1. I'm going to the airport. My cousin ______ this afternoon.
A. arriving B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arriving
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我要去机场。我表亲今天下午到。根据“this afternoon”和语境,用位移动词arrive的现在进行时表计划好的将来,且主语为“My cousin”,be动词用is,故选C
三、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. 他们下个月要搬到新家去。
They ______ ______ to a new house next month.
【答案】are moving
【解析】根据汉语提示可知,空白处表达的是“搬家”的意思,“next month”提示“搬家”是已经计划好的事情,move表示“搬家”的意思,且move是位移动词,用现在进行时表按计划将要发生的事,主语为“They”,be动词用are,故填are moving。
考点三、与always连用表达感情色彩。
小学
初中
现在进行时单独使用。
现在进行时+ always 连用
客观描述事实,不带感情色彩
表达强烈的感情色彩,如赞扬、惊讶、不耐烦或抱怨。
I am watching TV now.我现在正在看电视。
I am reading a novel these days.这些天我在读一本小说。
My little sister is always sharing her snacks with me. (我小妹妹总是把她的零食分给我。—— 赞扬)
He is always leaving his dirty socks on the floor. (他总是把他的脏袜子丢在地板上。—— 抱怨)
典例示范
一、根据语境填空。
1. Lily is a good girl. She ______ (always, help) old people.(赞扬)
2. I'm angry. Bobby ______ (always, make) noise in class.(抱怨)
【答案】 1. is always helping 2. is always making
即学即练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. Our English teacher is great. She ______ (always, encourage) us to think creatively.
【答案】is always encouraging
【解析】句意:我们的英语老师很棒。她总是鼓励我们进行创造性思考。结合语境“Our teacher is great”可知,这里是用现在进行时与 always 连用表达赞扬之情。
2. You ________ (always, leave) your things everywhere. Please put them away.
【答案】 are always leaving
【解析】句意:你总是把东西乱丢。请把它们收起来。“到处乱扔东西”是反复出现的行为,用现在进行时与 always 连用表示不满的情绪。
二、按要求改写句子。
2. My brother always loses his keys. I'm really annoyed. (将句子改为能表达厌烦情绪的说法)
____________________________________________.
【答案】My brother is always losing his keys.
【解析】用现在进行时与always连用,可以表达对“老丢钥匙”这件事的抱怨和厌烦。
考点四、不能用于进行时的动词
英语中有些动词描述的是静止的状态而非动作,这些动词通常不用现在进行时。
例如:The music sounds beautiful. (✔) The music is sounding beautiful. (✘)
I know him. (✔) I am knowing him. (✘)
She has a new car. (✔) She is having a new car. (✘)
动词类别
常见动词
例句
状态动词(不可用进行时)
感官动词
see, hear, smell, taste, sound, feel等
心理状态动词
know, think(认为), believe, forget, want, remember, understand, love、like等
所属/关系动词
have(有), own, belong to等
动作动词(可用进行时)
表达动作行为的动词
run, eat, write, swim…
📌 特别提醒:有些动词可以用于表达静态的状态,也可以表达动态的动作,具体用什么时态,要根据具体的意境选择。
I think he is right. (认为,静态) → I am thinking about the problem. (考虑,动作,可用进行时)
She has a brother. (有,静态) → She is having dinner. (吃,动作,可用进行时)
典例:— Do you know the answer? 你知道答案吗?
— Sorry, I don't know. 对不起,我不知道
Look! The chef is tasting the soup. 看!厨师正在品尝汤。(厨师正在尝汤的味道,taste表示“品尝”这一动作,可用进行时)
典例示范
一、判断正误,正确写T,错误写F并改正
1. I am understanding the question now. ( )
2. Do you believe his story? ( )
3. She is remembering my name. ( )
4. We are having dinner. ( )
【答案】1. F → I understand the question now. 2. T
3. F → She remembers my name. 4. T(have dinner是动作,可用进行时)
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I ________ (think) you are a kind person.
2. Be quiet! I ________ (think) about the math problem.
【答案】 1. think 2. am thinking
即学即练习
一、改错。
1. Are you wanting a glass of water?
___________________________?
【答案】Do you want a glass of water?
【解析】原句的句意为:你想要一杯水吗?want是表示心理状态的动词,不能用于进行时,应该改为一般现在时,谓语动词为want,是实义动词,一般疑问句需借助do并提前到句首,首字母大写。故填Do you want a glass of water?
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. This piece of cake ______ (taste) delicious. I love it!
【答案】tastes
【解析】句意:这块蛋糕尝起来很美味。我喜欢!这里的taste是感官动词,表示“尝起来”,没有进行时,主语this piece of cake是三单,所以用tastes。
三、判断正误,如果正确写T,错误写F并改正
1. — What's the noise?
—The children are having fun outside. ( )
【答案】T
【解析】句子正确。这里的have是表示行动的动词,“have fun”表示“玩得开心”,是固定短语,不是“拥有”的意思,所以可以用现在进行时。
考点五、现在进行时与一般现在时的辨析
不能简单的只看标志词,而要去深刻理解动作的时间属性。
时态
用法
常见时间状语
一般现在时
1. 经常性、习惯性的动作
often, usually, every day, sometimes, never
2. 客观真理、事实
3. 主语当前的性格、能力等
现在进行时
1. 说话时正在进行的动作
now, look, listen, at the moment, these days, this term
2. 现阶段暂时的动作或状态
典例:He usually plays basketball after school, but now he is swimming.他通常放学后打篮球,但现在正在游泳。
My father works in a bank, but this month he is teaching in a training center.我父亲在银行工作,但这个月他正在一个培训中心教课。
典例示范
一、根据语境填空。
1. I usually __________ (walk) to school, but this week I __________ (take) the bus because my leg hurts.
2. She __________ (read) a book every night. Tonight she __________ (read) a new story.
3. They __________ (live) in Nanjing, but this month they __________ (stay) in Shanghai for a project.
4. —Look! The girls ________ (dance) beautifully. —Yes, they often ________ (dance) in the park on Sundays.
【答案】1. walk, am taking 2. reads, is reading 3. live, are staying 4. are dancing, dance
即学即练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. —Where is Mr. Green?
—He ______ (have) a meeting in the office. He often ______ (have) meetings on Monday.
【答案】is having has
【解析】句意:——格林先生在哪里?——他正在办公室开会。他经常在周一开会。答语第一空表示此刻正在开会,用进行时,主语为“He”,故填is having;第二空由often可知是经常性动作,用一般现在时,主语he三单,故填has。
2. I ______ (study) for the English exam these days. I hope to get a good grade.
【答案】am studying
【解析】句意:这些天我一直在为英语考试而学习。我希望能取得好成绩。“these days(这几天)”表示现阶段暂时性的持续进行的动作,用现在进行时,主语为“I”,故填am studying。
二、单项选择。
1. It's 8 a.m. Tom usually ______ breakfast at 7, but he ______ it now.
A. has, still has B. is having, is having C. has, is still having D. is having, has
【答案】C
【解析】句意:现在是早上8点。汤姆通常7点吃早餐,但他现在正在吃。第一空“usually”提示,是一般现在时,主语Tom三单,用has;第二空“now”提示,“现在正在吃”是现在进行时,主语是“he”,用is having。故选C。
考点六、现在进行时在while引导的时间状语从句中的运用。
(1)主句和从句都用现在进行时,表示主句和从句的动作同时发生,强调“一边……一边,都在进行,都在持续”。
典例:While I am cooking, my husband is cleaning the house.我做饭的时候,我丈夫在打扫房子。(两者动作同时发生)
(2)主句用一般现在时,while引导的从句用现在进行时,表示在从句的动作发生时,主句通常发生的动作,这里while引导的从句是作为主句行为动作的背景。
典例:I often read while he is watching TV.(主句“我经常阅读”是习惯,发生在“他正在看电视”这个背景时间段内。)
典例示范
一、用while合并句子。
1. Dad is cooking dinner. Mum is setting the table.
2. The cat is sleeping. The dog is running around.
3. Tom is doing his homework. His friend is waiting for him.
【答案】1. While Dad is cooking dinner, Mum is setting the table. / Mum is setting the table while Dad is cooking dinner.
2. While the cat is sleeping, the dog is running around. / The dog is running around while the cat is sleeping,
3. While Tom is doing his homework, his friend is waiting for him. / His friend is waiting for him while Tom is doing his homework.
二、用括号中单词的适当形式填空。
1. The cat ________ (enjoy) sitting on my lap while I ________ (work) on the computer.
2. Listen! Someone ________ (knock) at the door while the baby ________ (cry).
【答案】 1. enjoys; am working 2. is knocking; is crying
即学即练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. My brother always ________ (play) with his phone while he ________ (wait) for the bus.
【答案】 plays; is waiting
【解析】句意: 我哥哥在等公交车的时候总是玩手机。“我哥哥总是玩手机”是他的一个固定习惯,这个习惯发生在他“等公交车”的背景过程中,主句用一般现在时,while引导的从句用现在进行时,主句主语是“My brother”,故第一空填plays,从句主语是“he”,故第二空填 is waiting。
二、用while合并句子。
I am reading a book. My sister is watching TV.
______________________________________.
【答案】While I am reading a book, my sister is watching TV.
【解析】 根据原句可知,合并后的句子是含有while从句的复合句,while连接两个同时进行的动作,都可使用现在进行时,故合并后的句子为While I am reading a book, my sister is watching TV.
易混易错和解决策略
错误点
针对策略
现阶段持续动作与一般现在时混淆
一般现在时 → 长期习惯/事实。 现在进行时 → 暂时阶段
记标志词:these days/this week/this term
位移动词表将来时漏用或滥用
触发条件:“三有”。①有位移动词
②有计划安排
③有将来时间(come可不带将来时间)
与always连用忽略感情色彩
牢记:进行时 + always = 情绪(不表习惯)。
静态动词误用进行时
口诀:“状态动词不用ing,表示动作才进行,have dinner可以ing。”
归类记忆:心里想(think认为)、感官、拥有(have有) 一般不用进行时。
while从句时态呼应错误
口诀:“while前后看动作,同时发生双进行,习惯背景从进行。”
【基础通关】
一、选择题
1.(25-26五年级下·江苏盐城·期中)Look! My parents _________ some jiaozi in the kitchen.
A.is making B.are making C.make
【答案】B
【详解】句意:看!我父母正在厨房里____一些饺子。Look提示句子用现在进行时,结构为:be+动词的现在分词,主语是名词复数parents,be动词用are,后接动词现在分词making。
2.(24-25五年级下·江苏扬州·期末)It’s seven o’clock in the evening. Tom’s mother _______ a book about clothes.
A.reads B.is watching C.is reading
【答案】C
【详解】句意:现在是晚上七点。汤姆的妈妈正在读一本关于衣服的书。本题考查现在进行时的用法。根据时间状语“It’s seven o’clock.”可知,动作正在发生,需用现在进行时(be动词+动词的现在分词)。主语“Tom’s mother”为第三人称单数,be动词用is;“读书”应使用动词read,其现在分词为reading。故选C。
3.(24-25六年级上·江苏无锡·期末)Someone ______ smoking in the room. Can you _____ it?
A.is; smells B.are; smell C.is; smell
【答案】C
【详解】句意:有人正在房间里吸烟。你能闻到吗?本题考查be动词和动词的形式。第一句是现在进行时,结构是be+动词的现在分词,主语是someone,be动词用is。smell是动词原形,smells是动词的第三人称单数,情态动词can后面跟动词原形,故选C。
4.(24-25五年级下·江苏扬州·期末)—Does Jenny usually ________ her mother do housework?
—Yes. Look! She ________ the flowers.
A.help; watering B.helps; waters C.help; is watering
【答案】C
【详解】句意:—珍妮通常帮她妈妈做家务吗?—是的。看!她正在浇花。本题考查动词的形式及现在进行时。help帮助,动词原形;helps动词的第三人称单数形式;watering浇水,动词的ing形式;waters动词的第三人称单数形式。第一空在助动词Does后需用动词原形help;第二空由Look!提示动作正在进行,需用现在进行时is watering。故选C。
5.(25-26六年级上·江苏苏州·期中)—Mum, who ______ you ______ to?
—Shh! I’m on the phone.
A.did; speak B.were; speak C.do; speak D.are; speaking
【答案】D
【详解】句意:—妈妈,你在和谁说话?—嘘!我在打电话。本题考查be动词作助动词和动词的形式。根据句意可知问句是现在进行时,用be+动词的现在分词,主语是you,be用are,speak用现在分词speaking,故选D。
6.(24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·单元测试)—Where are Kitty and Sandy?
—They ________ for the final examination (期末考试) these days.
A.prepare B.are preparing C.will prepare D.prepares
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——Kitty和Sandy在哪里?——他们这些天在准备期末考试。
考查现在进行时。根据“Where are Kitty and Sandy?”和“these days”可知,本句表示现阶段正在发生的事情,所以应用现在进行时,其结构为“主语+be动词+动词的现在分词形式”,主语为They,be动词用are。故选B。
7.(24-25七年级·江苏·课后作业)My father ______ in a shop, but he ______ there these days.
A.works; isn’t working B.is working; works
C.works; not works D.is work; doesn’t work
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我父亲在一家商店工作,但他这些天不在那里工作。
考查动词时态。根据“My father...in a shop”可知此处描述现在的状态,用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单三,排除BD;根据“he...there these days”可知此处指这段时间内做的事情,用现在进行时be doing。故选A。
8.(24-25七年级·江苏·专题练习)Why ________ you always ________ late for class?
A.did; come B.are; coming C.was; come D.are; come
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你怎么总是上学迟到?
考查动词时态。现在进行时与always连用可表达感情色彩,always 与一般现在时连用仅表习惯,根据句意可知,句子是表达说话者不满的情绪,故应用现在进行时,这里主语为you,be动词用are,故选B。
9.(25-26七年级下·江苏·单元测试)Hurry up! The train ________. We’ll be late.
A.leaves B.has left C.left D.is leaving
【答案】D
【详解】句意:快点!火车要开了,我们要迟到了。
根据“Hurry up!”可知,火车还没有开走,但是即将开走,所以用一般将来时;而leave是表示位置移动的动词,所以用现在进行时表示将来,应填is leaving。
10.Mary always makes careful notes while she ________.
A.is read B.will read C.has read D.is reading
【答案】D
【详解】句意:玛丽读书时总是仔细做笔记。
考查时态。根据“while”可知,阅读的时候总是做笔记,应用现在进行时“am/is/are+动词现在分词”,主语为she,be动词用is,故选D。
二、填空题。
11.(24-25六年级上·江苏无锡·期末)Smell! Who (cook) nice food?
【答案】is cooking
【详解】句意:闻一闻!谁在烹饪美食?本题考查时态辨析。由提示词“Smell!”可判断,说话时动作正在进行,应使用现在进行时be doing,主语Who视为第三人称单数,be动词用is,cook的现在分词是cooking。故答案为is cooking。
12.(25-26六年级上·江苏宿迁·期中)They (tell) a story now.
【答案】are telling
【详解】句意:他们现在正在讲一个故事。本题考查时态辨析。根据now可知句子是现在进行时,be+动词的现在分词,主语They是第三人称复数,be用are,tell的现在分词是telling,故答案为are telling。
13.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·单元测试)—Where is Tom?
—He ________ (lie) on the beach, enjoying the sun.
【答案】is lying
【详解】句意:——汤姆在哪里?——他正躺在沙滩上,享受阳光。根据语境,此处描述的是正在进行的动作,需用现在进行时(be + 现在分词);主语He是第三人称单数,be动词用is,lie(躺)的现在分词形式是lying。
14.(25-26七年级上·江苏无锡·阶段检测)No one answers my phone. Maybe Sandy with her workers ________ (have) a meeting.
【答案】is having
【详解】句意:没有人接我的电话。也许桑迪和她的工人们正在开会。“with”连接两个名词作主语时,谓语动词的数要与前面的名词保持一致,这里前面的名词“Sandy”是第三人称单数。根据“No one answers my phone”(没人接我电话)可知此处表示正在进行的动作,要用现在进行时(be + 动词 -ing形式),所以be动词用is,have的现在分词是having,答案为is having。
15.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)Tom is busy because he _________ (work) on a plan to Wuxi these days.
【答案】is working
【详解】句意:汤姆很忙,因为这些天他正在制定去无锡的计划。work on意为“从事”,work是动词,根据时间状语these days,可知句子是现在进行时,其结构是“be+动词的现在分词”,主语he是第三人称单数,be动词用is,work的现在分词是working。
16.My mother often ________ (make) phone calls while she ________ (cook).
【答案】 makes; is cooking
【详解】句意:我妈妈经常在做饭的时候打电话。“我妈妈经常打电话”是一个习惯性动作,而这个习惯通常发生的背景是“她正在做饭”这个持续的过程,用“主现从进”结构,描述习惯与特定背景的关系。主句主语是“My mother”,故第一空填makes,从句主语是“ she”,故第二空填 is cooking。
17. —Why are you so angry? —My little brother ________ (always, ask) me silly questions.
【答案】 is always asking
【详解】句意:——你为什么这么生气?——我的小弟弟总是问我一些愚蠢的问题。这里用现在进行时和always连用,表示生气的情绪,主语是“My little brother”,故用 is always asking。
18. It's 9 p.m. My father ________ (watch) the news on TV while my mother ________ (water) the flowers in the garden.
【答案】 is watching; is watering
【详解】句意:现在是晚上9点。我父亲正在电视上看新闻,而我母亲正在花园里浇花。“现在是晚上九点”提供了具体的时间点,描述此刻正在发生的事。父亲“看电视新闻”和母亲“给花浇水”是两个人同时分别进行的持续性动作,因此都用现在进行时,强调“父亲正在看”的同时“母亲正在浇”。
【培优提升】
一、句型转换
19.(2025·江苏南通·小升初模拟)Mike watched TV in the bedroom just now. (用now改写句子)
Mike ___________ ___________ TV in the bedroom now.
【答案】 is watching
【详解】句意:迈克刚才在卧室看电视了。题干要求用now改写句子,句子时态是现在进行时,其结构为be+动词的现在分词,句子的主语Mike是第三人称单数,be动词用is,watch的现在分词是watching。
20.(24-25五年级下·江苏盐城·期末)My grandma is growing flowers now. (对划线部分提问)
_____ your grandma _____ now?
【答案】 What’s doing
【详解】句意:我奶奶现在正在种花。本题考查句型转换,根据句意可知该句是陈述句,时态为现在进行时,结构为:be+现在分词,划线部分是做的事情,用what提问,做doing,主语your grandma是第三人称单数,be用is,what和is的缩写是what’s,故答案为What’s;doing。
21.(24-25七年级下·江苏南通·单元测试)The students are singing and dancing happily on the stage.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the students singing and dancing happily?
【答案】 Where are
【详解】句意:学生们正在舞台上开心地唱歌跳舞。对地点状语“on the stage”提问,用疑问词where“在哪里”。原句是现在进行时,疑问句结构为“Where + be + 主语 + doing”。“are”放疑问词后。应填Where;are。
22.(24-25七年级下·江苏盐城·课后作业)They are studying Mars because they want to find life there.(对划线部分提问)
________ ________ they studying Mars?
【答案】 Why are
【详解】句意:他们正在研究火星,因为他们想在那里找到生命。划线部分为“because they want to find life there”,这里是提问原因,用疑问词why来提问,原句主语是“they”,谓语动词是“are studying”,在疑问句中,将are提到主语they之前。故填Why;are。
23.He is having breakfast. (改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
—________ he ________ breakfast?
—Yes, ________ ________.
【答案】 Is having he is
【详解】句意:他正在吃早餐。原句“He is having breakfast.”是现在进行时,结构为“主语+be动词+动词-ing”。变一般疑问句时,需将be动词(is)提到句首,首字母大写,动词-ing形式(having)保持不变。即第一空填Is,第二空填having。一般疑问句的肯定回答结构为“Yes, 主语+be动词”。主语是he,对应的be动词是is。因此第三空填he,第四空填is。故填Is;having;he;is。
24.She is washing her clothes. (改为否定句)
She ________ ________ ________ her clothes.
【答案】 is not washing
【详解】句意:她正在洗她的衣服。句子为现在进行时,含有be动词is,改为否定句时,直接在is后加not,现在分词washing保持不变。故填is;not;washing。
25.Do you swim on Sundays? (用now改为现在进行时)
________ you ________ now?
【答案】 Are swimming
【详解】句意:你周日游泳吗?现在进行时的构成规则是“be动词+动词ing形式”。本句主语为“you”,对应的be动词是“Are”;动词“swim”是重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母,变为现在分词时需双写末尾字母“m”再加“ing”,即“swimming”。故填Are;swimming。
26.—________ ________ ________ ________?(写出问句)
—They are having dinner.
【答案】 What are they doing
【详解】句意:——他们正在做什么?——他们正在吃晚饭。根据答语“They are having dinner.”可知,询问他们正在做什么事情,what“什么”,时态是现在进行时。故填What;are;they;doing。
二、选词填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
now, play, run, we, is
Look! It’s a sunny afternoon 27 . My friends and I are in the park. We are having a great time. Linda 28 flying a kite. The kite is high in the sky. Tom and Jim are 29 football on the grass. I’m not playing football because I don’t like it. I’m sitting under a tree with my cat. It’s sleeping quietly.
Some other friends are near the lake. They are 30 after ducks. Everyone looks happy. 31 love this kind of weekend—no homework, just fun and games.
【答案】27.now 28.is 29.playing 30.running 31.We
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要描写了一个阳光明媚的下午,作者和朋友们在公园里开心玩耍的场景。
27.句意:看!现在是一个阳光明媚的下午。根据“It’s a sunny afternoon...”及所给词汇可知,此处表示时间,用now,意为“现在”。故填now。
28.句意:琳达正在放风筝。根据“flying a kite”可知,此处是现在进行时,主语Linda为第三人称单数,be动词用is。故填is。
29.句意:汤姆和吉姆正在草地上踢足球。根据前文“Look! It’s a sunny afternoon now.”以及全文描述的当下场景可知,作者描写此刻公园里正在发生的活动,因此应用现在进行时,结构为be+doing,play football“踢足球”,是固定搭配。故填playing。
30.句意:他们正在追赶鸭子。根据前文描述可知,作者描写当下公园里的情景,一些朋友正在湖边追赶鸭子,动作正在进行,因此应用现在进行时。run after意为“追赶”。故填running。
31.句意:我们喜欢这样的周末——没有作业,只有乐趣和游戏。根据“love this kind of weekend”可知,此处缺少主语,用We表示“我们”。故填We。
三、短文填空
根据短文内容,用括号中所给单词的适当形式补全短文。
My family are preparing for the Spring Festival at the moment.
My sisters dance on Saturdays, but now they 32 (not dance). They are writing couplets (对联) and 33 (put) them up on both sides of the door. Dad usually 34 (exercise) at weekends, but now he isn’t exercising. He 35 (paint) the door to welcome the new year. What is Mum doing? She 36 (shop) for some new clothes for us. How about Grandma? She 37 (make) dumplings and getting ready for the family reunion (团圆) dinner.
【答案】32.aren’t dancing 33.putting 34.exercises 35.is painting 36.is shopping 37.is making
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者一家人正在为春节做准备的场景,不同家人有着各自的活动。
32.句意:我的姐妹们周六会跳舞,但现在她们没有在跳舞。根据“but now”可知,此处强调此刻的动作,用现在进行时,结构为am/is/are + 现在分词;主语they是复数,否定形式为aren’t dancing。故填aren’t dancing。
33.句意:她们正在写对联,并把它们贴在门的两边。and连接并列的谓语动词,前文“are writing”为现在进行时,因此put也用现在分词形式putting。故填putting。
34.句意:爸爸通常在周末锻炼,但现在他没在锻炼。根据“usually”可知,句子描述习惯性动作,用一般现在时;主语Dad是第三人称单数,exercise的第三人称单数形式为exercises。故填exercises。
35.句意:他正在粉刷门来迎接新年。 根据前文“but now he isn’t exercising”可知,此处描述爸爸此刻的动作,用现在进行时,结构为am/is/are + 现在分词;主语He是第三人称单数,be动词用is。故填is painting。
36.句意:她正在为我们买一些新衣服。根据“What is Mum doing?”可知,此处回答妈妈此刻的动作,用现在进行时;主语She是第三人称单数,shop的现在分词为shopping。故填is shopping。
37.句意:她正在包饺子,为家庭团圆晚餐做准备。根据前文语境,此处描述奶奶此刻的动作,用现在进行时;主语She是第三人称单数,make的现在分词为making。故填is making。
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