小升初阅读理解·说明文 10 篇（专项训练）-2025-2026学年人教PEP版（2012）英语六年级下册

**基本信息** 聚焦科普与事物介绍类说明文，通过10篇分层文本系统覆盖细节查找、信息匹配、常识理解核心题型，贴合小升初统考难度，助力语言理解与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |动物类（大熊猫/蜜蜂）|2篇|判断正误为主|以动物习性为载体，考查事实细节与文本理解| |自然现象类（四季/下雨/树木）|3篇|单选+回答问题|按自然规律认知逻辑，整合现象描述与因果分析| |日常生活类（三餐/自行车等）|5篇|三类题型全覆盖|从生活常识到工具应用，构建实用信息提取与归纳能力|

人教版小升初阅读理解专项训练·说明文 10 篇 适用版本：人教版PEP小学英语 适用年级：六年级（小升初备考） 训练目标：熟悉科普、事物介绍类说明文文体，掌握细节查找、信息匹配、常识理解等解题技巧，积累科普类高频词汇与句式 题型配置：每篇5小题，包含判断正误(T/F)、单项选择、回答问题三类主流题型 文章难度：贴合小升初统考难度，词数120–220词，词汇以课本核心词为主 阅读 1 Giant Pandas（大熊猫） Pandas are lovely animals. They mainly live in Sichuan, China. Most pandas are black and white. Their favourite food is bamboo. They eat bamboo for about 12 hours every day. Pandas are quiet and shy. They like climbing trees and sleeping. Now pandas are in great danger. People cut down too many bamboo trees, so pandas can’t find enough food. We must protect pandas and their homes. ( ) 1. Pandas live mainly in Sichuan. ( ) 2. All pandas are black and white. ( ) 3. Pandas like eating bamboo best. ( ) 4. Pandas eat bamboo for 20 hours a day. ( ) 5. Pandas are not in danger now. 阅读 2 Four Seasons（四季） There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring comes in March. The weather gets warm. Trees turn green and flowers come out. Summer is from June to August. It is hot. People like swimming and eating ice cream. Autumn is a harvest season. It is cool. Farmers are busy picking fruits and vegetables. Winter is cold. Sometimes it snows. Children love to make snowmen. Choose the best answer. ( )1. How many seasons are there in a year? A. Two B. Three C. Four ( )2. Spring starts in ______. A. March B. June C. August ( )3. What’s the weather like in summer? A. Warm B. Hot C. Cool ( )4. Autumn is a ______ season. A. harvest B. rainy C. windy ( )5. What do children like to do in winter? A. Swim B. Make snowmen C. Pick fruits 阅读 3 Three Meals a Day（一日三餐） People usually have three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. Breakfast is very important. We often have eggs, bread, milk or porridge for breakfast. It gives us energy for the morning. Lunch is the big meal of the day. We usually eat rice, meat and vegetables at noon. Dinner is usually light. Many people eat simple food for dinner. Healthy eating can make us strong and happy. Answer the questions. 1. How many meals do people usually have every day? ________________________________________________ 2. Why is breakfast important? ________________________________________________ 3. What do people usually eat for breakfast? ________________________________________________ 4. When do people have lunch? ________________________________________________ 5. What does "light" mean here? (You can answer in Chinese) ________________________________________________ 阅读 4 Bees（蜜蜂） Bees are small but hard-working insects. They live in groups. Each group has one queen bee, many worker bees and some baby bees. Bees fly from flower to flower to get honey. They work all day long. Bees can also tell other bees where to find flowers. Bees are helpful to plants. Without bees, many plants can’t grow well. We should be friendly to bees. ( ) 1. Bees live alone. ( ) 2. There are different kinds of bees in a group. ( ) 3. Bees get honey from flowers. ( ) 4. Bees only work in the morning. ( ) 5. Bees are good for plants. 阅读 5 Bicycles（自行车） The bicycle is a useful tool. It has a long history. Many people ride bicycles to school or work every day. Riding bikes has many advantages. First, it is cheap. We don’t need to buy expensive fuel. Second, it is good exercise. It can keep us healthy. Third, riding bikes doesn’t make air dirty. It is good for our environment. In many cities, riding bicycles is very popular. Choose the best answer. ( )1. Bicycles are ______. A. useless B. useful C. expensive ( )2. People don’t need to buy ______ for bikes. A. fuel B. seats C. wheels ( )3. Riding bikes is good for our ______. A. study B. health C. sleep ( )4. Riding bikes can protect the ______. A. environment B. food C. house ( )5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to make a bike B. Advantages of riding bikes C. Different kinds of bikes 阅读 6 Why Does It Rain?（为什么会下雨） Do you know why it rains? Let’s learn about it. The water on the ground turns into water vapour when the sun shines. The water vapour goes up into the sky. It becomes clouds. As the clouds get bigger and heavier, the water inside falls down. Then we see rain. Rain is important. It waters trees, flowers and crops. All living things need rain to grow. Answer the questions. 1. What turns into water vapour under the sun? ________________________________________________ 2. Where does the water vapour go? ________________________________________________ 3. What does water vapour become in the sky? ________________________________________________ 4. When will the water fall down? ________________________________________________ 5. Why is rain important? ________________________________________________ 阅读 7 Trees（树木） Trees are our good friends. They are everywhere around us. Trees can do many great things. They can make the air fresh and clean. They can stop strong winds. We can get fruit, wood and other things from trees. In summer, big trees can give us cool shade. But now people cut down too many trees. Our environment becomes worse. Let’s plant more trees and take good care of them. ( ) 1. Trees are bad for people. ( ) 2. Trees can make air fresh. ( ) 3. We can get fruit from trees. ( ) 4. Trees can’t stop strong winds. ( ) 5. We need to plant more trees. 阅读 8 Clocks and Watches（钟表） We use clocks and watches every day. They help us know the time. Long long ago, people didn’t have clocks. They told time by the sun. Later, people invented clocks. Now there are many kinds of clocks and watches. Big clocks are usually on the wall. Small watches can be worn on our wrists. Clocks and watches are very important in our daily life. They help us get up on time and go to school or work on time. Choose the best answer. ( )1. Clocks and watches help us ______. A. know time B. keep warm C. make money ( )2. Long ago, people told time by ______. A. clocks B. the sun C. watches ( )3. Where do we usually put big clocks? A. On wrists B. On the wall C. In bags ( )4. What does the underlined word "wrists" mean? A. 手腕 B. 脖子 C. 腰部 ( )5. Which sentence is NOT right? A. We have many kinds of clocks now. B. Clocks help us go to school on time. C. People always have clocks from the beginning. 阅读 9 Do Exercise Every Day（每日运动） Exercise is good for everyone. There are many kinds of exercise, such as running, walking, swimming and playing ball games. If you exercise every day, you will be strong and healthy. Exercise can also make you happy and relaxed. Many students are busy with study. They should spend some time doing exercise every day. Don’t stay indoors all day. Go out and do sports. A healthy body helps us study better. Answer the questions. 1. What kinds of exercise are mentioned? ________________________________________________ 2. What can exercise make us? ________________________________________________ 3. Why do students need to do exercise? ________________________________________________ 4. What does the writer advise us not to do? ________________________________________________ 5. How can a healthy body help us? ________________________________________________ 阅读 10 Computers（电脑） Now computers are very popular. Almost every family has a computer. Computers can help us a lot. We can read news, send emails and listen to music on computers. Students can learn useful knowledge and do homework on computers. But we can’t play computer games for too long. It is bad for our eyes and study. We should use computers in a right way. They are good helpers for us. ( ) 1. Few families have computers now. ( ) 2. We can read news on computers. ( ) 3. Students can learn knowledge on computers. ( ) 4. Playing computer games for long is good for eyes. ( ) 5. Computers are our good helpers. 参考答案与详细解析 阅读 1 Giant Pandas 1.T 解析：原文 They mainly live in Sichuan, China. 2.F 解析：原文为 Most pandas are black and white（大多数），并非全部。 3.T 解析：原文 Their favourite food is bamboo. 4.F 解析：熊猫每天吃竹子约12小时，不是20小时。 5.F 解析：原文 Now pandas are in great danger. 阅读 2 Four Seasons 1.C 解析：一年有春、夏、秋、冬四个季节。 2.A 解析：原文 Spring comes in March. 3.B 解析：原文 Summer is from June to August. It is hot. 4.A 解析：原文 Autumn is a harvest season. 5.B 解析：原文 Children love to make snowmen. 阅读 3 Three Meals a Day 1.They usually have three meals a day. 2.Because it gives us energy for the morning. 3.They often have eggs, bread, milk or porridge. 4.They have lunch at noon. 5.清淡的 解析：通读全文可知，午餐是正餐，晚餐相对简单、清淡。 阅读 4 Bees 1.F 解析：原文 They live in groups.（群居，而非独居） 2.T 解析：蜂群中有蜂王、工蜂、幼蜂不同种类。 3.T 解析：原文 Bees fly from flower to flower to get honey. 4.F 解析：原文 They work all day long.（整日劳作） 5.T 解析：原文 Bees are helpful to plants. 阅读 5 Bicycles 1.B 解析：原文 The bicycle is a useful tool. 2.A 解析：骑行自行车不需要购买燃料。 3.B 解析：原文 it is good exercise. It can keep us healthy. 4.A 解析：原文 riding bikes doesn’t make air dirty. It is good for our environment. 5.B 解析：全文围绕“骑自行车的好处”展开。 阅读 6 Why Does It Rain? 1.The water on the ground. 2.It goes up into the sky. 3.It becomes clouds. 4.When the clouds get bigger and heavier. 5.Because it waters trees, flowers and crops, and all living things need rain to grow. 阅读 7 Trees 1.F 解析：原文 Trees are our good friends. 2.T 解析：原文 They can make the air fresh and clean. 3.T 解析：原文 We can get fruit, wood and other things from trees. 4.F 解析：原文 They can stop strong winds. 5.T 解析：原文 Let’s plant more trees and take good care of them. 阅读 8 Clocks and Watches 1.A 解析：原文 They help us know the time. 2.B 解析：原文 They told time by the sun. 3.B 解析：原文 Big clocks are usually on the wall. 4.A 解析：watch（手表）佩戴在手腕上。 5.C 解析：很久以前人们没有钟表，C选项表述错误。 阅读 9 Do Exercise Every Day 1.Running, walking, swimming and playing ball games. 2.It can make us strong, healthy, happy and relaxed. 3.Because they are busy with study, and exercise is good for them. 4.Don’t stay indoors all day. 5.A healthy body helps us study better. 阅读 10 Computers 1.F 解析：原文 Now computers are very popular. Almost every family has a computer. 2.T 解析：原文 We can read news... on computers. 3.T 解析：原文 Students can learn useful knowledge... on computers. 4.F 解析：长时间玩电脑游戏对眼睛有害。 5.T 解析：原文 They are good helpers for us. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $