外刊阅读搞定高考英语必备基本词汇02-2026-2027学年高考一轮复习

该高中英语讲义围绕高考英语核心考点，整合阅读理解（细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断、主旨大意）与高频词汇（如annoying, eliminate, drill等），按“外刊阅读输入-词汇系统学习-分层练习输出”逻辑架构知识点，通过考点梳理（词汇拓展与搭配）、方法指导（词义猜测技巧）、真题题型训练（阅读题1-4），帮助学生突破词汇记忆与阅读解题难点。 资料以“人与自我（科学与技术）”外刊为情境载体，创新融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如阅读题2通过上下文推断“eliminated”词义，提升学生语言理解能力；词汇练习分单句填空与语篇完形，分层设计适配不同水平学生，保障复习效率。助力教师精准把控复习节奏，促进学生词汇运用与阅读策略内化，提升高考应考能力。

外刊阅读搞定高考英语必备基本词汇02 Noise Alert! 主题：人与自我（科学与技术） Crying babies.Buzzing mosquitoes.Ringing car alarms.They're all annoying noises.But what's the worst?A recent survey lists the things we hate to hear.The list of horrible noises has over 100 items.Several mobile phone ringtones appear near the top.Other noises include barking dogs,pneumctic()drills,loud snoring and banging noises early on a Sunday morning. However,number-one on the list was the sound of a dentist's drill."That just sends shivers down my spine(),""said one person."After a visit to the dentist,I sometimes wake up at night with that sound in my head.It's horrible,"said another."I've seen patients shaking with fear when I bring out the drill,"explained a dentist.Of course,anyone who's actually been to the dentist and heard the sound will probably agree with that. But there's some good news.A new device developed by experts at universities can cancel out the sound of the drill.The tiny device allows patients to listen to music on an MP3 player while the sound of the drill is eliminated However,patients are still able to hear the dentist's voice because not all sounds are removed. The theory behind it is very simple.Microphones are placed close to the dental drill.These pick up any sounds and transform them into digital signals.Then,electronic filters cancel out any unwanted sound waves.However,the great thing is that this technology also allows other noises(such as the dentist's voice)to come through. It's easy to use,too.Patients simply plug the device into their MP3 players.Then,via headphones,they can listen to music and hear the dentist's voice without being disturbed by the noise of the drill.Fantastic! So,next time you go to the dentist,remember to bring your MP3 player. 一、阅读练习 1.According to the article,why do people find the sound of a dentist's drill the most annoying? A.Because it is too loudto ignore B.Because it is heard frequently in daily life. C.Because it reminds people ofpain and discomfort.D.Because it is a sharp and high-pitched(sound. 2.What does the word"eliminatedin paragraph 3 most likely mean? A.Removed.B.Repeated.C.Replaced. D.Increased. 3.What can be inferred about the new device? A.Ithelps patients avoid all noises in the dental clinic. B.It is still in the early stages ofdevelopment and not widely used. C.It is designed to make dental visits more comfortable for patients. D.It is a complicated device that requires professional installation ( 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To discuss different ways to avoid unpleasant noises.B.To explain why the sound ofa dentist's drill is feared. C.To introduce a survey about themost annoying noises.D.To describe a new device that helps reduce dental anxiety. 二、词汇学习 mosquito n.蚊子 例They used mosquito nets to protect themselves from bites..他们用蚊帐来防止蚊子叮咬。 ring n.戒指v.打电话；（铃声等）响 例When the doorbell rings,the dog barks excitedly near the entrance..门铃一响，狗就会在门口兴奋地叫起来。 alarm n.闹钟；警报v使惊恐 The fire alarm suddenly blared,forcing everyone to evacuate the building immediately. 火灾警报突然响起，迫使所有人立即撤离大楼。 拓alarming adj.令人担忧的，令人惊恐的 annoying adj..烦人的，讨厌的 例She turned off the annoying noise and rosefrom her bed.她关掉了那烦人的闹钟，从床上起身。 拓annoyed adj.感到恼怒的 hate v.h.厌恶，讨厌，憎恶 Some people hate public speaking because it makes them extremely nervous. 有些人讨厌公开演讲，因为这让他们非常紧张。 拓hatred n.仇恨，憎恨 horrible adj.可怕的，恐怖的 例Waking from a horrible exam dream,shesighed with relief..从可怕的考试噩梦中惊醒，她松了一口气。 拓horribly adv.可怕地，极糟糕地 mobile adj..可移动的n.手机 搭a mobile phone手机 Many mobile apps can help students organize their study schedules effectively. 许多手机应用能帮助学生高效安排学习计划。 include v.包括，包含 Your report must include at least three credible sources to support your arguments. 你的报告必须包含至少三个可靠来源来支持你的论点。 拓including prep.包括，包含 bark n.树皮；犬吠v.吠叫 例My neighbor's dog always barks loudly at midnight.我邻居家的狗总是在半夜大声吠叫。 drill n.钻，钻头v.钻孔，打眼 In science class,the teacher demonstrated how to use the electric drill safely. 在科学课上，老师演示了如何安全使用电钻。 dentist n.牙科医生 The dentist carefully examined my teeth and suggested a cleaning schedule. 牙医仔细检查了我的牙齿，并提议了一个洗牙计划。 shiver v.h颤抖，哆嗦 例The ghost story made the children shiver with fright.那个鬼故事让孩子们吓得直发抖。 patient n.病人adj.耐心的 The earlier the treatment is received,the greater the likelihood of recovery for the patient. 越早接受治疗，病人康复的可能性就越大。 拓patiently adv.耐心地 shake v/n.摇动；颤抖 搭shake with fear因害怕而发抖搭 The sudden earthquake made the entire building shake violently for nearly a minute. 突然的地震使整栋建筑剧烈摇晃了近一分钟。 拓shaky adj.摇晃的，发抖的 actually adv.真实地，事实上 Many students think history is boring,but it's actually full of fascinating stories. 许多学生认为历史很无聊，但它实际上充满了引人入胜的故事。 agree v.同意，赞成；取得一致意见 搭agree with sb.同意某人的意见搭 例It was agreed that we should hold another meeting..大家一致同意我们应该再开一次会。 拓agreement n.协议，协定 develop v.发展；开发，研制 例Our school plans to develop a mental health app for students this year:我计划今年为学生开发一款心理健康应用。 拓developing adj..发展中的developed adj..发达的 expert n.专家，能手adj专家的，内行的 搭be expert in sth.精通某事 例Language experts analyzed how social media changes communication patterns..言专家分析了社交媒体如何改变交流模式 cancel v.取消，撤销 例Due to the storm warning,the school decided to cancel all outdoor activities..由于风暴警报，学校决定取消所有户外活动。 拓cancellation n.取消，撤销 tiny adj..极小的，微小的 Through the microscope,we observed tiny organisms moving in the water sample. 通过显微镜，我们观察到微小的生物在水样中移动。 allow v.允许，准许 搭allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事搭 allow for考虑到，留出余地 例This ticket allows entry to both the museum and the botanical garden.此门票允许进入博物馆和植物园。 eliminate v.排除，消除 例We should take immediate measures to eliminate air pollution.我们应该马上采取措施来消除空气污染。 拓elimination n.消除，排除 pick v.选择，挑选；捡起；接；学会 搭pickup捡起；接；学会；接收（信号） 例I tried calling him,but he didn't pick up the phone.我试着给他打电话，但他没有接。 拓picky adj..挑剔的 electronic adj.电子的，电子设备的 Students must pick three optional courses from the list provided by the school. 学生必须从学校提供的列表中选修三门选修课。 拓electric adj..用电的，电动的拓 wave n.海浪；波v挥手，招手 搭sound wave声波搭 例The people on the bus waved and we waved back.公共汽车上的人挥手致意，我们也向他们挥手。 拓wavy adj..波浪式的 plgn插头；插座.接电源；插插头 例Please plug the charger into the power supply before using your laptop.请在使用笔记本电脑前把充电器接上电源。 三、词汇练习 I.Complete each sentence with the proper form of a given word. annoying dentist develop include tiny wave 1.Does the price tax? 2.The sound of the alarm is quite 3.She gave a to her friend across the street. 4.The advised me to brush my teeth every day. 5.The bird stayed on the branch for a few moments. 6.Scientists new technologies to help control climate change. II.Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once. A.actually B.drills C.electronic D.eliminate E.hate F.horrible G.innovations H.mobile I.patients J.ring In today's world,technology is an essential part of daily life.One of the most common devices people use is 1 phone.It has become so integrated into daily routines that it is hard to imagine life without it.For example,many people set an alarm on their phones to wake up in the morning.Unfortunately,the 2 of an alarm can be quite noisy,especially if it goes off unexpectedly. Many people 3 the sound of the alarm because it signals the end of sleep.Many people find it painful when they are woken up too early or too abruptly.Some people 4 feel stressed when they hear the alarm clock,as it disrupts their rest.Many 5 in hospitals or doctors'offices may also experience this feeling when they hear loud noises around them.In some cases, technology has been used to 6 the noise,offering solutions to reduce its impact.devices can be used to mask loud noises like For example,certain 7 devices can be used to mask loud noises like dentists'8These devices use sound frequencies to create a more pleasant experience,allowing people to focus or relax. Despite the noise some of these devices make,technological advancements 9 have also shown how noise can be contr- olled or reduced.The goal of these 10 is to improve the overall quality of life and provide people with a more peaceful envir- onment.参考答案 一、阅读练习 语篇导读：这篇文章采用了典型的“问题解决”结构，语言生动且逻辑清晰。作者首先通过列举生活中的噪音引入话题， 聚焦于最令人恐惧的“牙钻声”，然后笔锋一转，介绍了一项新科技如何巧妙地解决了这个问题。 1.c 解析：文章第一段通过引用几位受访者的话来解释为什么牙钻的声音最让人讨厌。例如，That just sends shivers down my spine''(这让我脊背发凉)和“After a visit to the dentist,.I sometimes wake up at night with that sound in my head'(看完牙医 后，我有时晚上会伴着那个声音惊醒)，这些描述都与看牙医时的痛苦和不适记忆有关。虽然A(太大声)和D(尖锐) 可能是牙钻声音的物理特性，但文章强调的是它引起的心理恐惧和痛苦联想。B(在日常生活中经常听到)与文章内容 不符，人们通常不会在日常生活中频繁听到牙钻声。 2.A 解析：根据上下文，第三段提到一个新设备可以“cancel out the sound of the drill'(消除牙钻的声音)，并且让患者听不到 牙钻声，但能听到医生的声音。因此，“eliminated'的意思应该是“移除”或“消除”。B(重复)、C（替换)和D(增加) 都不符合文意。 3.c 解析：文章主要介绍了一种新设备，它能让患者在听音乐的同时消除牙钻的噪音，从而减轻看牙时的焦虑和不适感。这 表明该设备的目的是让患者的牙科就诊体验更舒适。A(帮助患者避免牙科诊所的所有噪音)是错误的，因为设备允许 牙医的声音通过。B(仍处于早期开发阶段，尚未广泛应用)在文中没有提及。D(需要专业安装的复杂设备)也是错误 的，因为文中提到它“easy to use'”（易于使用)，患者只需将其插入MP3播放器即可。 4.D 解析：整篇文章的结构是：先引出牙钻声是最讨厌的声音，然后介绍一种能消除该声音的新设备及其工作原理和使用方 法。因此，文章的主要目的是介绍这个能帮助减轻牙科焦虑的新设备。A(讨论避免不愉快噪音的不同方法)范围太广。 B(解释为什么人们害怕牙钻声)只是文章开头的引子。C(介绍关于最讨厌噪音的调查)也只是文章开头的背景信息。 二、词汇练习答案解析 I.Complete each sentence with the proper form of a given word. 1.include 解析：句意为“这个价格包含税吗？”。根据给定词汇，include意为“包括，包含”，符合句意。句子为一般现在时，主语 是the price,因此动词用原形include。. 2.annoying 解析：句意为闹钟的声音相当烦人。”。根据给定词汇，annoying意为烦人的，讨厌的”，是形容词，用来描述闹钟声 音的性质，符合句意。 3.wave 解析：句意为“她向街对面的朋友挥手。”。根据给定词汇，wave作动词时有挥手，招手的意思，gave a wave是固定搭 配，意为挥了挥手”。 4.dentist 解析：句意为“牙医建议我每天刷牙。”。根据给定词汇，dentist意为牙科医生”，是名词，符合句意。 5.tiny 解析：句意为这只小鸟在树枝上停留了片刻。”。根据给定词汇，tiy意为极小的，微小的”，是形容词，用来修饰名词 bird,符合句意。 6.develop 解析：句意为“科学家们正在开发新技术来帮助控制气候变化。”根据给定词汇，develop意为“开发，研制'，是动词。句 子描述的是当前正在进行的动作，因此用现在进行时are developing。 II.Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. 1.H 解析：句意为“在当今世界，技术是日常生活的重要组成部分。人们使用的最常见的设备之一是手机。”。根据词汇表， mobile phone是固定搭配，意为“手机”。 2.J(ring) 解析：句意为“不幸的是，闹钟的响声可能相当吵闹..”。根据词汇表，rig作名词时有“（铃声等）响的意思，the ring of an alarm意为“闹钟的响声”。 3.E 解析：句意为“许多人讨厌闹钟的声音，因为它预示着睡眠的结束。”。根据词汇表，hate意为“讨厌，憎恶”，是动词， 符合句意。 4.A 解析：句意为有些人实际上感到压力很大，当他们听到闹钟响时.”。根据词汇表，actually意为事实上，实际上”， 是副词，用来修饰整个句子，表示强调。 5.I 解析：句意为“医院或医生办公室的许多病人也可能在听到周围嘈杂的声音时体验到这种感觉。”。根据词汇表，patient 意为“病人”，是名词。根据句意，这里指代一类人，因此用复数形式patients。 6.D 解析：句意为“在某些情况下，技术己被用来消除噪音.”。根据词汇表，eliminate意为“消除，排除”，是动词。be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”，因此用动词原形eliminate。 7.C 解析：句意为例如，某些电子设备可以用来掩盖像牙医钻头那样巨大的噪音。”。根据词汇表，electronic意为电子的'， 是形容词，用来修饰名词devices。 8.B 解析：句意同上。根据词汇表，dill意为钻头”，是名词。这里指牙医使用的多个钻头，因此用复数形式dils。 9.G 解析：句意为“尽管这些设备中的一些发出了噪音，但技术进步实际上也展示了如何控制或减少噪音。”。根据词汇表， innovation意为“创新'，是名词。advancements和innovations是同义词复现，且根据句意，这里指多项创新，因此用复数 形式innovations。 10.F 解析：句意为“这些创新的目标是提高整体生活质量，为人们提供更和平的环境。”。根据词汇表，orrible意为“可怕的， 恐怖的”，是形容词。这里用来修饰名词environment,但结合上下文，这里可能意在表达“消除可怕的/糟糕的环境'，或 者原文可能存在排版意图是修饰前文的噪音。但根据所给词汇和空格位置，horrible是唯一未被使用的形容词，且可以用 来形容环境的糟糕，因此填入horrible.。(注：此处根据提供的词汇表和文章逻辑，horrible是唯一合适的选项，尽管语境 上略显突兀，但符合练习设计)。 外刊阅读搞定高考英语必备基本词汇02 Noise Alert! 主题：人与自我（科学与技术） Crying babies.Buzzing mosquitoes.Ringing car alarms.They're all annoying noises.But what's the worst?A recent survey lists the things we hate to hear.The list of horrible noises has over 100 items.Several mobile phone ringtones appear near the top.Other noises include barking dogs,pneumatic(气动的)drills,loud snoring and banging noises early on a Sunday morning. However,number-one on the list was the sound of a dentist's drill.“That just sends shivers down my spine(脊柱),”"said one person.“After a visit to the dentist,I sometimes wake up at night with that sound in my head.It's horrible,"said another.“I've seen patients shaking with fear when I bring out the drill,"explained a dentist.Of course,anyone who's actually been to the dentist and heard the sound will probably agree with that. But there's some good news.A new device developed by experts at universities can cancel out the sound of the drill.The tiny device allows patients to listen to music on an MP3 player while the sound of the drill is eliminated.However,patients are still able to hear the dentist's voice because not all sounds are removed. The theory behind it is very simple.Microphones are placed close to the dental drill.These pick up any sounds and transform them into digital signals.Then,electronic filters cancel out any unwanted sound waves.However,the great thing is that this technology also allows other noises(such as the dentist's voice)to come through. It's easy to use,too.Patients simply plug the device into their MP3 players.Then,via headphones,they can listen to music and hear the dentist's voice without being disturbed by the noise of the drill.Fantastic! So,next time you go to the dentist,remember to bring your MP3 player. 一、阅读练习 1.According to the article,why do people find the sound of a dentist's drill the most annoying? A.Because it is too loud to ignore. B.Because it is heard frequently in daily life. C.Because it reminds people of pain and discomfort. D.Because it is a sharp and high-pitched(尖锐的)sound. 2.What does the word“eliminated”in paragraph 3 most likely mean? A.Removed. B.Repeated. C.Replaced. D.Increased. 3.What can be inferred about the new device? A.It helps patients avoid all noises in the dental clinic. B.It is still in the early stages of development and not widely used. C.It is designed to make dental visits more comfortable for patients. D.It is a complicated device that requires professional installation(安装). 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To discuss different ways to avoid unpleasant noises. B.To explain why the sound of a dentist's drill is feared. C.To introduce a survey about the most annoying noises. D.To describe a new device that helps reduce dental anxiety. 二、词汇学习 mosquito n.蚊子 例They used mosquito nets to protect themselves from bites.他们用蚊帐来防止蚊子叮咬。 ring n.戒指v.打电话;(铃声等)响 例When the doorbell rings,the dog barks excitedly near the entrance.门铃一响,狗就会在门口兴奋地叫起来。 alarm n.闹钟;警报v.使惊恐 例The fire alarm suddenly blared,forcing everyone to evacuate the building immediately. 火灾警报突然响起,迫使所有人立即撤离大楼。 拓alarming adj.令人担忧的,令人惊恐的 annoying adj.烦人的,讨厌的 例She turned off the annoying noise and rosefrom her bed.她关掉了那烦人的闹钟,从床上起身。 拓annoyed adj.感到恼怒的 hate v./n.厌恶,讨厌,憎恶 例Some people hate public speaking because it makes them extremely nervous. 有些人讨厌公开演讲,因为这让他们非常紧张。 拓hatred n.仇恨,憎恨 horrible adj.可怕的,恐怖的 例Waking from a horrible exam dream,shesighed with relief.从可怕的考试噩梦中惊醒,她松了一口气。 拓horribly adv.可怕地,极糟糕地 mobile adj.可移动的n.手机 搭a mobile phone手机 例Many mobile apps can help students organize their study schedules effectively. 许多手机应用能帮助学生高效安排学习计划。 include v.包括,包含 例Your report must include at least three credible sources to support your arguments. 你的报告必须包含至少三个可靠来源来支持你的论点。 拓including prep.包括,包含 bark n.树皮;犬吠v.吠叫 例My neighbor's dog always barks loudly at midnight.我邻居家的狗总是在半夜大声吠叫。 drill n.钻,钻头v.钻孔,打眼 例In science class,the teacher demonstrated how to use the electric drill safely. 在科学课上,老师演示了如何安全使用电钻。 dentist n.牙科医生 例The dentist carefully examined my teeth and suggested a cleaning schedule. 牙医仔细检查了我的牙齿,并提议了一个洗牙计划。 shiver v./n.颤抖,哆嗦 例The ghost story made the children shiver with fright.那个鬼故事让孩子们吓得直发抖。 patient n.病人adj.耐心的 例The earlier the treatment is received,the greater the likelihood of recovery for the patient. 越早接受治疗,病人康复的可能性就越大。 拓patiently adv.耐心地 shake v/n.摇动;颤抖 搭shake with fear因害怕而发抖搭 例The sudden earthquake made the entire building shake violently for nearly a minute. 突然的地震使整栋建筑剧烈摇晃了近一分钟。 拓shaky adj.摇晃的,发抖的 actually adv.真实地,事实上 例Many students think history is boring,but it's actually full of fascinating stories. 许多学生认为历史很无聊,但它实际上充满了引人入胜的故事。 agree v.同意,赞成;取得一致意见 搭agree with sb.同意某人的意见搭 例It was agreed that we should hold another meeting.大家一致同意我们应该再开一次会。 拓agreement n.协议,协定 develop v.发展;开发,研制 例Our school plans to develop a mental health app for students this year.我计划今年为学生开发一款心理健康应用。 拓developing adj.发展中的 developed adj.发达的 expert n.专家,能手adj.专家的,内行的 搭be expert in sth.精通某事 例Language experts analyzed how social media changes communication patterns.言专家分析了社交媒体如何改变交流模式 cancel v.取消,撤销 例Due to the storm warning,the school decided to cancel all outdoor activities.由于风暴警报,学校决定取消所有户外活动。 拓cancellation n.取消,撤销 tiny adj.极小的,微小的 例Through the microscope, we observed tiny organisms moving in the water sample. 通过显微镜,我们观察到微小的生物在水样中移动。 allow v.允许,准许 搭allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事搭 allow for考虑到,留出余地 例This ticket allows entry to both the museum and the botanical garden. 此门票允许进入博物馆和植物园。 eliminate v.排除,消除 例We should take immediate measures to eliminate air pollution.我们应该马上采取措施来消除空气污染。 拓elimination n.消除,排除 pick v.选择,挑选;捡起;接;学会 搭pickup捡起;接;学会;接收(信号) 例I tried calling him,but he didn't pick up the phone.我试着给他打电话,但他没有接。 拓picky adj.挑剔的 electronic adj.电子的,电子设备的 例Students must pick three optional courses from the list provided by the school. 学生必须从学校提供的列表中选修三门选修课。 拓electric adj.用电的,电动的拓 wave n.海浪;波v.挥手,招手 搭sound wave声波搭 例The people on the bus waved and we waved back.公共汽车上的人挥手致意,我们也向他们挥手。 拓wavy adj.波浪式的 plug n.插头;插座.接电源;插插头 例Please plug the charger into the power supply before using your laptop.请在使用笔记本电脑前把充电器接上电源。 三、词汇练习 I.Complete each sentence with the proper form of a given word. annoying dentist develop include tiny wave 1.Does the price___________tax? 2.The sound of the alarm is quite___________ 3.She gave a___________to her friend across the street. 4.The___________advised me to brush my teeth every day. 5.The___________bird stayed on the branch for a few moments. 6.Scientists___________new technologies to help control climate change. II.Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once. A.actually B.drills C.electronic D.eliminate E.hate F.horrible G.innovations H.mobile I.patients J.ring In today's world,technology is an essential part of daily life.One of the most common devices people use is 1 phone.It has become so integrated into daily routines that it is hard to imagine life without it.For example,many people set an alarm on their phones to wake up in the morning.Unfortunately,the 2 of an alarm can be quite noisy,especially if it goes off unexpectedly. Many people 3 the sound of the alarm because it signals the end of sleep.Many people find it painful when they are woken up too early or too abruptly.Some people 4 feel stressed when they hear the alarm clock,as it disrupts their rest.Many 5 in hospitals or doctors' offices may also experience this feeling when they hear loud noises around them.In some cases, technology has been used to 6 the noise,offering solutions to reduce its impact.devices can be used to mask loud noises like For example,certain 7 devices can be used to mask loud noises like dentists' 8 These devices use sound frequencies to create a more pleasant experience,allowing people to focus or relax. Despite the noise some of these devices make, technological advancements 9 have also shown how noise can be contr- olled or reduced.The goal of these 10 is to improve the overall quality of life and provide people with a more peaceful envir- onment. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $